1
|
Göttig L, Schreiner S. E4orf1: The triple agent of adenovirus - Unraveling its roles in oncogenesis, infectious obesity and immune responses in virus replication and vector therapy. Tumour Virus Res 2024; 17:200277. [PMID: 38428735 PMCID: PMC10937242 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2024.200277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Adenoviruses (HAdV) are nearly ubiquitous pathogens comprising numerous sub-types that infect various tissues and organs. Among many encoded proteins that facilitate viral replication and subversion of host cellular processes, the viral E4orf1 protein has emerged as an intriguing yet under-investigated player in the complex interplay between the virus and its host. E4orf1 has gained attention as a metabolism activator and oncogenic agent, while recent research is showing that E4orf1 may play a more important role in modulating cellular pathways such as PI3K-Akt-mTOR, Ras, the immune response and further HAdV replication stages than previously anticipated. In this review, we aim to explore the structure, molecular mechanisms, and biological functions of E4orf1, shedding light on its potentially multifaceted roles during HAdV infection, including metabolic diseases and oncogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the role of functional E4orf1 in biotechnological applications such as Adenovirus (AdV) vaccine vectors and oncolytic AdV. By dissecting the intricate relationships between HAdV types and E4orf1 proteins, this review provides valuable insights into viral pathogenesis and points to promising areas of future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Göttig
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schreiner
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (Resolving Infection Susceptibility; EXC 2155), Hannover, Germany; Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Branco A, Rayabaram J, Miranda CC, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, Fernandes TG, Sajja S, da Silva CL, Vemuri MC. Advances in ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for clinical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1380950. [PMID: 38846805 PMCID: PMC11153805 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1380950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
As caretakers of the hematopoietic system, hematopoietic stem cells assure a lifelong supply of differentiated populations that are responsible for critical bodily functions, including oxygen transport, immunological protection and coagulation. Due to the far-reaching influence of the hematopoietic system, hematological disorders typically have a significant impact on the lives of individuals, even becoming fatal. Hematopoietic cell transplantation was the first effective therapeutic avenue to treat such hematological diseases. Since then, key use and manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells for treatments has been aspired to fully take advantage of such an important cell population. Limited knowledge on hematopoietic stem cell behavior has motivated in-depth research into their biology. Efforts were able to uncover their native environment and characteristics during development and adult stages. Several signaling pathways at a cellular level have been mapped, providing insight into their machinery. Important dynamics of hematopoietic stem cell maintenance were begun to be understood with improved comprehension of their metabolism and progressive aging. These advances have provided a solid platform for the development of innovative strategies for the manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells. Specifically, expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell pool has triggered immense interest, gaining momentum. A wide range of approaches have sprouted, leading to a variety of expansion systems, from simpler small molecule-based strategies to complex biomimetic scaffolds. The recent approval of Omisirge, the first expanded hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell product, whose expansion platform is one of the earliest, is predictive of further successes that might arise soon. In order to guarantee the quality of these ex vivo manipulated cells, robust assays that measure cell function or potency need to be developed. Whether targeting hematopoietic engraftment, immunological differentiation potential or malignancy clearance, hematopoietic stem cells and their derivatives need efficient scaling of their therapeutic potency. In this review, we comprehensively view hematopoietic stem cells as therapeutic assets, going from fundamental to translational.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Branco
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Janakiram Rayabaram
- Protein and Cell Analysis, Biosciences Division, Invitrogen Bioservices, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, India
| | - Cláudia C. Miranda
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- AccelBio, Collaborative Laboratory to Foster Translation and Drug Discovery, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago G. Fernandes
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Suchitra Sajja
- Protein and Cell Analysis, Biosciences Division, Invitrogen Bioservices, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, India
| | - Cláudia L. da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Crouch EE, Diafos LN, Valenzuela EJ, Wedderburn-Pugh K, Birrueta JO, Caston J, Joseph T, Andrews MG, Bhaduri A, Huang EJ. Profiling human brain vascular cells using single-cell transcriptomics and organoids. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:603-628. [PMID: 38102365 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis and neurogenesis are functionally interconnected during brain development. However, the study of the vasculature has trailed other brain cell types because they are delicate and of low abundance. Here we describe a protocol extension to purify prenatal human brain endothelial and mural cells with FACS and utilize them in downstream applications, including transcriptomics, culture and organoid transplantation. This approach is simple, efficient and generates high yields from small amounts of tissue. When the experiment is completed within a 24 h postmortem interval, these healthy cells produce high-quality data in single-cell transcriptomics experiments. These vascular cells can be cultured, passaged and expanded for many in vitro assays, including Matrigel vascular tube formation, microfluidic chambers and metabolic measurements. Under these culture conditions, primary vascular cells maintain expression of cell-type markers for at least 3 weeks. Finally, we describe how to use primary vascular cells for transplantation into cortical organoids, which captures key features of neurovascular interactions in prenatal human brain development. In terms of timing, tissue processing and staining requires ~3 h, followed by an additional 3 h of FACS. The transplant procedure of primary, FACS-purified vascular cells into cortical organoids requires an additional 2 h. The time required for different transcriptomic and epigenomic protocols can vary based on the specific application, and we offer strategies to mitigate batch effects and optimize data quality. In sum, this vasculo-centric approach offers an integrated platform to interrogate neurovascular interactions and human brain vascular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E Crouch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Loukas N Diafos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward J Valenzuela
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kaylee Wedderburn-Pugh
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Janeth Ochoa Birrueta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jaela Caston
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tara Joseph
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Madeline G Andrews
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Aparna Bhaduri
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Huang
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Biomedical Science Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Pathology Service 113B, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Castiello MC, Brandas C, Ferrari S, Porcellini S, Sacchetti N, Canarutto D, Draghici E, Merelli I, Barcella M, Pelosi G, Vavassori V, Varesi A, Jacob A, Scala S, Basso Ricci L, Paulis M, Strina D, Di Verniere M, Sergi Sergi L, Serafini M, Holland SM, Bergerson JRE, De Ravin SS, Malech HL, Pala F, Bosticardo M, Brombin C, Cugnata F, Calzoni E, Crooks GM, Notarangelo LD, Genovese P, Naldini L, Villa A. Exonic knockout and knockin gene editing in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells rescues RAG1 immunodeficiency. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadh8162. [PMID: 38324638 PMCID: PMC11149094 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adh8162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Recombination activating genes (RAGs) are tightly regulated during lymphoid differentiation, and their mutations cause a spectrum of severe immunological disorders. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation is the treatment of choice but is limited by donor availability and toxicity. To overcome these issues, we developed gene editing strategies targeting a corrective sequence into the human RAG1 gene by homology-directed repair (HDR) and validated them by tailored two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and in vivo xenotransplant platforms to assess rescue of expression and function. Whereas integration into intron 1 of RAG1 achieved suboptimal correction, in-frame insertion into exon 2 drove physiologic human RAG1 expression and activity, allowing disruption of the dominant-negative effects of unrepaired hypomorphic alleles. Enhanced HDR-mediated gene editing enabled the correction of human RAG1 in HSPCs from patients with hypomorphic RAG1 mutations to overcome T and B cell differentiation blocks. Gene correction efficiency exceeded the minimal proportion of functional HSPCs required to rescue immunodeficiency in Rag1-/- mice, supporting the clinical translation of HSPC gene editing for the treatment of RAG1 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmina Castiello
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Chiara Brandas
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Translational and Molecular Medicine (DIMET), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Samuele Ferrari
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Simona Porcellini
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Nicolò Sacchetti
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Daniele Canarutto
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Elena Draghici
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI) 20054, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI) 20054, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pelosi
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Valentina Vavassori
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Angelica Varesi
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Aurelien Jacob
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Luca Basso Ricci
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Marianna Paulis
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Dario Strina
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Martina Di Verniere
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| | - Lucia Sergi Sergi
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Marta Serafini
- Translational and Molecular Medicine (DIMET), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza (MI) 20900, Italy
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jenna R E Bergerson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Suk See De Ravin
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Harry L Malech
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Francesca Pala
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marita Bosticardo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chiara Brombin
- University Center for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Federica Cugnata
- University Center for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Enrica Calzoni
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Gay M Crooks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pietro Genovese
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Gene Therapy Program, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Anna Villa
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
- Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Campanile M, Bettinelli L, Cerutti C, Spinetti G. Bone marrow vasculature advanced in vitro models for cancer and cardiovascular research. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1261849. [PMID: 37915743 PMCID: PMC10616801 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1261849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases and cancer are among the most common diseases worldwide and are a serious concern to the healthcare system. These conditions, apparently distant, share common molecular and cellular determinants, that can represent targets for preventive and therapeutic approaches. The bone marrow plays an important role in this context as it is the main source of cells involved in cardiovascular regeneration, and one of the main sites of liquid and solid tumor metastasis, both characterized by the cellular trafficking across the bone marrow vasculature. The bone marrow vasculature has been widely studied in animal models, however, it is clear the need for human-specific in vitro models, that resemble the bone vasculature lined by endothelial cells to study the molecular mechanisms governing cell trafficking. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on in vitro models of bone marrow vasculature developed for cardiovascular and cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Campanile
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bettinelli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS-IEO, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Cerutti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS-IEO, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kofman S, Sun X, Ogbolu VC, Ibric L, Qiang L. Vascularized Brain Assembloids with Enhanced Cellular Complexity Provide Insights into The Cellular Deficits of Tauopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.30.547293. [PMID: 37425812 PMCID: PMC10327194 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.30.547293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Advanced technologies have enabled the engineering of self-organized 3-dimensional (3D) cellular structures from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), namely organoids, which recapitulate some key features of tissue development and functions of the human central nervous system (CNS). While hiPSC-derived 3D CNS organoids hold promise in providing a human-specific platform for studying CNS development and diseases, most of them do not incorporate the full range of implicated cell types, including vascular cell components and microglia, limiting their ability to accurately recreate the CNS environment and their utility in the study of certain aspects of the disease. Here we've developed a novel approach, called vascularized brain assembloids, for constructing hiPSC-derived 3D CNS structures with a higher level of cellular complexity. This is achieved by integrating forebrain organoids with common myeloid progenitors and phenotypically stabilized human umbilical vein endothelial cells (VeraVecs™), which can be cultured and expanded in serum-free conditions. Compared with organoids, these assembloids exhibited enhanced neuroepithelial proliferation, advanced astrocytic maturation, and increased synapse numbers. Strikingly, the assembloids derived from hiPSCs harboring the tau P301S mutation exhibited increased levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau, along with a higher proportion of rod-like microglia-like cells and enhanced astrocytic activation, when compared to the assembloids derived from isogenic hiPSCs. Additionally, they showed an altered profile of neuroinflammatory cytokines. This innovative assembloid technology serves as a compelling proof-of-concept model, opening new avenues for unraveling the intricate complexities of the human brain and accelerating progress in the development of effective treatments for neurological disorders. Significance Statement Modeling neurodegeneration in human in vitro systems has proved challenging and requires innovative tissue engineering techniques to create systems that can accurately capture the physiological features of the CNS to enable the study of disease processes. The authors develop a novel assembloid model which integrates neuroectodermal cells with endothelial cells and microglia, two critical cell types that are commonly missing from traditional organoid models. They then apply this model to investigate early manifestations of pathology in the context of tauopathy and uncover early astrocyte and microglia reactivity as a result of the tau P301S mutation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Binder V, Li W, Faisal M, Oyman K, Calkins DL, Shaffer J, Teets EM, Sher S, Magnotte A, Belardo A, Deruelle W, Gregory TC, Orwick S, Hagedorn EJ, Perlin JR, Avagyan S, Lichtig A, Barrett F, Ammerman M, Yang S, Zhou Y, Carson WE, Shive HR, Blachly JS, Lapalombella R, Zon LI, Blaser BW. Microenvironmental control of hematopoietic stem cell fate via CXCL8 and protein kinase C. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112528. [PMID: 37209097 PMCID: PMC10824047 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate underlies primary blood disorders but microenvironmental factors controlling this are poorly understood. Genetically barcoded genome editing of synthetic target arrays for lineage tracing (GESTALT) zebrafish were used to screen for factors expressed by the sinusoidal vascular niche that alter the phylogenetic distribution of the HSC pool under native conditions. Dysregulated expression of protein kinase C delta (PKC-δ, encoded by prkcda) increases the number of HSC clones by up to 80% and expands polyclonal populations of immature neutrophil and erythroid precursors. PKC agonists such as cxcl8 augment HSC competition for residency within the niche and expand defined niche populations. CXCL8 induces association of PKC-δ with the focal adhesion complex, activating extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling and expression of niche factors in human endothelial cells. Our findings demonstrate the existence of reserve capacity within the niche that is controlled by CXCL8 and PKC and has significant impact on HSC phylogenetic and phenotypic fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Binder
- Dr. von Hauner Childrens' Hospital, University Hospital Ludwig Maximillian's University, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Wantong Li
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Muhammad Faisal
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Konur Oyman
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Donn L Calkins
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jami Shaffer
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Emily M Teets
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steven Sher
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrew Magnotte
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Alex Belardo
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - William Deruelle
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - T Charles Gregory
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shelley Orwick
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Elliott J Hagedorn
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Julie R Perlin
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Serine Avagyan
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Hospital Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Asher Lichtig
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Francesca Barrett
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michelle Ammerman
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Song Yang
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yi Zhou
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William E Carson
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Heather R Shive
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James S Blachly
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Hospital Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Bradley W Blaser
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Newer insights on how to TEC down T-ALL. Blood 2023; 141:444-445. [PMID: 36729545 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
|
9
|
Cappelli LV, Fiore D, Phillip JM, Yoffe L, Di Giacomo F, Chiu W, Hu Y, Kayembe C, Ginsberg M, Consolino L, Barcia Duran JG, Zamponi N, Melnick AM, Boccalatte F, Tam W, Elemento O, Chiaretti S, Guarini A, Foà R, Cerchietti L, Rafii S, Inghirami G. Endothelial cell-leukemia interactions remodel drug responses, uncovering T-ALL vulnerabilities. Blood 2023; 141:503-518. [PMID: 35981563 PMCID: PMC10082359 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022015414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive and often incurable disease. To uncover therapeutic vulnerabilities, we first developed T-ALL patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) and exposed PDX cells to a library of 433 clinical-stage compounds in vitro. We identified 39 broadly active drugs with antileukemia activity. Because endothelial cells (ECs) can alter drug responses in T-ALL, we developed an EC/T-ALL coculture system. We found that ECs provide protumorigenic signals and mitigate drug responses in T-ALL PDXs. Whereas ECs broadly rescued several compounds in most models, for some drugs the rescue was restricted to individual PDXs, suggesting unique crosstalk interactions and/or intrinsic tumor features. Mechanistically, cocultured T-ALL cells and ECs underwent bidirectional transcriptomic changes at the single-cell level, highlighting distinct "education signatures." These changes were linked to bidirectional regulation of multiple pathways in T-ALL cells as well as in ECs. Remarkably, in vitro EC-educated T-ALL cells transcriptionally mirrored ex vivo splenic T-ALL at single-cell resolution. Last, 5 effective drugs from the 2 drug screenings were tested in vivo and shown to effectively delay tumor growth and dissemination thus prolonging overall survival. In sum, we developed a T-ALL/EC platform that elucidated leukemia-microenvironment interactions and identified effective compounds and therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Vincenzo Cappelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Fiore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Jude M. Phillip
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Oncology, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Liron Yoffe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Filomena Di Giacomo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - William Chiu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yang Hu
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Clarisse Kayembe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Lorena Consolino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jose Gabriel Barcia Duran
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Nahuel Zamponi
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Ari M. Melnick
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | | | - Wayne Tam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sabina Chiaretti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Guarini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Robin Foà
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Leandro Cerchietti
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guahmich NL, Man L, Wang J, Arazi L, Kallinos E, Topper-Kroog A, Grullon G, Zhang K, Stewart J, Schatz-Siemers N, Jones SH, Bodine R, Zaninovic N, Schattman G, Rosenwaks Z, James D. Human theca arises from ovarian stroma and is comprised of three discrete subtypes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:7. [PMID: 36599970 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Theca cells serve multiple essential functions during the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, providing structural, metabolic, and steroidogenic support. While the function of theca during folliculogenesis is well established, their cellular origins and the differentiation hierarchy that generates distinct theca sub-types, remain unknown. Here, we performed single cell multi-omics analysis of primary cell populations purified from human antral stage follicles (1-3 mm) to define the differentiation trajectory of theca/stroma cells. We then corroborated the temporal emergence and growth kinetics of defined theca/stroma subpopulations using human ovarian tissue samples and xenografts of cryopreserved/thawed ovarian cortex, respectively. We identified three lineage specific derivatives termed structural, androgenic, and perifollicular theca cells, as well as their putative lineage-negative progenitor. These findings provide a framework for understanding the differentiation process that occurs in each primordial follicle and identifies specific cellular/molecular phenotypes that may be relevant to either diagnosis or treatment of ovarian pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lustgarten Guahmich
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Limor Man
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jerry Wang
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Laury Arazi
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Eleni Kallinos
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ariana Topper-Kroog
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Gabriel Grullon
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kimberly Zhang
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Joshua Stewart
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nina Schatz-Siemers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sam H Jones
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Richard Bodine
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nikica Zaninovic
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Glenn Schattman
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Daylon James
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang S, Qu K, Lyu S, Hoyle DL, Smith C, Cheng L, Cheng T, Shen J, Wang ZZ. PEAR1 is a potential regulator of early hematopoiesis of human pluripotent stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:179-194. [PMID: 36436185 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hemogenic endothelial (HE) cells are specialized endothelial cells to give rise to hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells during hematopoietic development. The underlying mechanisms that regulate endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) of human HE cells are not fully understand. Here, we identified platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1 (PEAR1) as a novel regulator of early hematopoietic development in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). We found that the expression of PEAP1 was elevated during hematopoietic development. A subpopulation of PEAR1+ cells overlapped with CD34+ CD144+ CD184+ CD73- arterial-type HE cells. Transcriptome analysis by RNA sequencing indicated that TAL1/SCL, GATA2, MYB, RUNX1 and other key transcription factors for hematopoietic development were mainly expressed in PEAR1+ cells, whereas the genes encoding for niche-related signals, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, bone morphogenetic proteins and jagged1, were highly expressed in PEAR1- cells. The isolated PEAR1+ cells exhibited significantly greater EHT capacity on endothelial niche, compared with the PEAR1- cells. Colony-forming unit (CFU) assays demonstrated the multilineage hematopoietic potential of PEAR1+ -derived hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, PEAR1 knockout in hPSCs by CRISPR/Cas9 technology revealed that the hematopoietic differentiation was impaired, resulting in decreased EHT capacity, decreased expression of hematopoietic-related transcription factors, and increased expression of niche-related signals. In summary, this study revealed a novel role of PEAR1 in balancing intrinsic and extrinsic signals for early hematopoietic fate decision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kengyuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Dixie L Hoyle
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cory Smith
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Zack Z Wang
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lai MW, Chow N, Checco A, Kunar B, Redmond D, Rafii S, Rabbany SY. Systems Biology Analysis of Temporal Dynamics That Govern Endothelial Response to Cyclic Stretch. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1837. [PMID: 36551265 PMCID: PMC9775567 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells in vivo are subjected to a wide array of mechanical stimuli, such as cyclic stretch. Notably, a 10% stretch is associated with an atheroprotective endothelial phenotype, while a 20% stretch is associated with an atheroprone endothelial phenotype. Here, a systems biology-based approach is used to present a comprehensive overview of the functional responses and molecular regulatory networks that characterize the transition from an atheroprotective to an atheroprone phenotype in response to cyclic stretch. Using primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we determined the role of the equibiaxial cyclic stretch in vitro, with changes to the radius of the magnitudes of 10% and 20%, which are representative of physiological and pathological strain, respectively. Following the transcriptome analysis of next-generation sequencing data, we identified four key endothelial responses to pathological cyclic stretch: cell cycle regulation, inflammatory response, fatty acid metabolism, and mTOR signaling, driven by a regulatory network of eight transcription factors. Our study highlights the dynamic regulation of several key stretch-sensitive endothelial functions relevant to the induction of an atheroprone versus an atheroprotective phenotype and lays the foundation for further investigation into the mechanisms governing vascular pathology. This study has significant implications for the development of treatment modalities for vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Lai
- Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, New York, NY 11549, USA
| | - Nathan Chow
- Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, New York, NY 11549, USA
| | - Antonio Checco
- Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, New York, NY 11549, USA
| | - Balvir Kunar
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David Redmond
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sina Y. Rabbany
- Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, New York, NY 11549, USA
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hoarau-Véchot J, Blot-Dupin M, Pauly L, Touboul C, Rafii S, Rafii A, Pasquier J. Akt-Activated Endothelium Increases Cancer Cell Proliferation and Resistance to Treatment in Ovarian Cancer Cell Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214173. [PMID: 36430649 PMCID: PMC9694384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by its late diagnosis (FIGO stages III and IV) and the importance of abdominal metastases often observed at diagnosis. Detached ovarian cancer cells (OCCs) float in ascites and form multicellular spheroids. Here, we developed endothelial cell (EC)-based 3D spheroids to better represent in vivo conditions. When co-cultured in 3D conditions, ECs and OCCs formed organized tumor angiospheres with a core of ECs surrounded by proliferating OCCs. We established that Akt and Notch3/Jagged1 pathways played a role in angiosphere formation and peritoneum invasion. In patients' ascites we found angiosphere-like structures and demonstrated in patients' specimens that tumoral EC displayed Akt activation, which supports the importance of Akt activation in ECs in OC. Additionally, we demonstrated the importance of FGF2, Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), PD-ECGF and TIMP-1 in angiosphere organization. Finally, we confirmed the role of Notch3/Jagged1 in OCC-EC crosstalk relating to OCC proliferation and during peritoneal invasion. Our results support the use of multicellular spheroids to better model tumoral and stromal interaction. Such models could help decipher the complex pathways playing critical roles in metastasis spread and predict tumor response to chemotherapy or anti-angiogenic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hoarau-Véchot
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Morgane Blot-Dupin
- Faculté de Médecine de Créteil UPEC—Paris XII, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 40 Avenue de Verdun, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Léa Pauly
- Faculté de Médecine de Créteil UPEC—Paris XII, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 40 Avenue de Verdun, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Team Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Paris, GRC-6 UPMC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Arash Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jennifer Pasquier
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Man L, Lustgarten Guahmich N, Kallinos E, Park L, Bodine R, Zaninovic N, Schattman G, Rosenwaks Z, James D. Xenograft model of heterotopic transplantation of human ovarian cortical tissue and its clinical relevance. Reproduction 2022; 165:31-47. [PMID: 36194429 PMCID: PMC9782463 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In brief Xenografts of human ovarian cortical tissue provide a tractable model of heterotopic autotransplantation that is used for fertility preservation in patients undergoing ablative chemo/radiotherapy. This study describes the behavior of hundreds of xenografts to establish a framework for the clinical function of ovarian cortex following autotransplantation over short- and long-term intervals. Abstract More than 200 live births have been achieved using autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian cortical fragments, yet challenges remain to be addressed. Ischemia of grafted tissue undermines viability and longevity, typically requiring transplantation of multiple cortical pieces; and the dynamics of recruitment within a graft and the influence of parameters like size and patient age at the time of cryopreservation are not well-defined. Here, we describe results from a series of experiments in which we xenografted frozen/thawed human ovarian tissue (n = 440) from 28 girls and women (age range 32 weeks gestational age to 46 years, median 24.3 ± 4.6). Xenografts were recovered across a broad range of intervals (1-52 weeks post-transplantation) and examined histologically to quantify follicle density and distribution. The number of antral follicles in xenografted cortical fragments correlated positively with the total follicle number and was significantly reduced with increased patient age. Within xenografts, follicles were distributed in focal clusters, similar to the native ovary, but the presence of a leading antral follicle coincided with increased proliferation of surrounding follicles. These results underscore the importance of transplanting ovarian tissue with a high density of follicles and elucidate a potential paracrine influence of leading antral follicles on neighboring follicles of earlier stages. This temporal framework for interpreting the kinetics of follicle growth/mobilization may be useful in setting expectations and guiding the parameters of clinical autotransplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Man
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Lustgarten Guahmich
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eleni Kallinos
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura Park
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Bodine
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nikica Zaninovic
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA,Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Glenn Schattman
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daylon James
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA,Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA,Correspondence should be addressed D James;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lehmann GL, Ginsberg M, Nolan DJ, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J, Zeng S, Voigt AP, Mullins RF, Rafii S, Rodriguez-Boulan E, Benedicto I. Retinal Pigment Epithelium-Secreted VEGF-A Induces Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Expression in Endothelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:2975. [PMID: 36230937 PMCID: PMC9564307 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) is a protease inhibitor that regulates extracellular matrix (ECM) stability and turnover. Here, we show that A2M is expressed by endothelial cells (ECs) from human eye choroid. We demonstrate that retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-conditioned medium induces A2M expression specifically in ECs. Experiments using chemical inhibitors, blocking antibodies, and recombinant proteins revealed a key role of VEGF-A in RPE-mediated A2M induction in ECs. Furthermore, incubation of ECs with RPE-conditioned medium reduces matrix metalloproteinase-2 gelatinase activity of culture supernatants, which is partially restored after A2M knockdown in ECs. We propose that dysfunctional RPE or choroidal blood vessels, as observed in retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, may disrupt the crosstalk mechanism we describe here leading to alterations in the homeostasis of choroidal ECM, Bruch's membrane and visual function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo L. Lehmann
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shemin Zeng
- Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Andrew P. Voigt
- Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Robert F. Mullins
- Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Enrique Rodriguez-Boulan
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ignacio Benedicto
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stromal Co-Cultivation for Modeling Breast Cancer Dormancy in the Bone Marrow. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143344. [PMID: 35884405 PMCID: PMC9320268 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers metastasize to the bone marrow before primary tumors can be detected. Bone marrow micrometastases are resistant to therapy, and while they are able to remain dormant for decades, they recur steadily and result in incurable metastatic disease. The bone marrow microenvironment maintains the dormancy and chemoresistance of micrometastases through interactions with multiple cell types and through structural and soluble factors. Modeling dormancy in vitro can identify the mechanisms of these interactions. Modeling also identifies mechanisms able to disrupt these interactions or define novel interactions that promote the reawakening of dormant cells. The in vitro modeling of the interactions of cancer cells with various bone marrow elements can generate hypotheses on the mechanisms that control dormancy, treatment resistance and reawakening in vivo. These hypotheses can guide in vivo murine experiments that have high probabilities of succeeding in order to verify in vitro findings while minimizing the use of animals in experiments. This review outlines the existing data on predominant stromal cell types and their use in 2D co-cultures with cancer cells.
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang X, Guo B. Update on preclinical and clinical efforts on ex-vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:167-173. [PMID: 35220322 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Ex-vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is one potential approach to enhance the clinical efficacy of hematopoietic cell transplantation-based therapy for malignant and nonmalignant blood diseases. Here, we discuss the major progress of preclinical and clinical studies on the ex-vivo expansion of human HSCs and progenitor cells (HPCs). RECENT FINDINGS Single-cell RNA sequencing identified ADGRG1 as a reliable marker of functional HSCs upon ex-vivo expansion-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress. Both SR1 and UM171 significantly promote ex-vivo expansion of human cord blood HSCs and HPCs, as determined in preclinical animal models. Encouraged by these findings from the bench, multiple phase I/II and phase II clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the safety, feasibility and efficacy of SR1-expanded and UM171-expanded cord blood units in patients with hematological malignancy. SUMMARY Preliminary data from multiple phase I/II clinical trials regarding transplants of ex-vivo-expanded HSCs and HPCs have demonstrated that ex-vivo expansion may be used to overcome the limitation of the rarity of HSCs without compromising stemness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Huang
- Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital of Fudan University and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Iovino L, Cooper K, deRoos P, Kinsella S, Evandy C, Ugrai T, Mazziotta F, Ensbey KS, Granadier D, Hopwo K, Smith C, Gagnon A, Galimberti S, Petrini M, Hill GR, Dudakov JA. Activation of the zinc-sensing receptor GPR39 promotes T-cell reconstitution after hematopoietic cell transplant in mice. Blood 2022; 139:3655-3666. [PMID: 35357432 PMCID: PMC9227099 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged lymphopenia represents a major clinical problem after cytoreductive therapies such as chemotherapy and the conditioning required for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT), contributing to the risk of infections and malignant relapse. Restoration of T-cell immunity depends on tissue regeneration in the thymus, the primary site of T-cell development, although the capacity of the thymus to repair itself diminishes over its lifespan. However, although boosting thymic function and T-cell reconstitution is of considerable clinical importance, there are currently no approved therapies for treating lymphopenia. Here we found that zinc (Zn) is critically important for both normal T-cell development and repair after acute damage. Accumulated Zn in thymocytes during development was released into the extracellular milieu after HCT conditioning, where it triggered regeneration by stimulating endothelial cell production of BMP4 via the cell surface receptor GPR39. Dietary supplementation of Zn was sufficient to promote thymic function in a mouse model of allogeneic HCT, including enhancing the number of recent thymic emigrants in circulation although direct targeting of GPR39 with a small molecule agonist enhanced thymic function without the need for prior Zn accumulation in thymocytes. Together, these findings not only define an important pathway underlying tissue regeneration but also offer an innovative preclinical approach to treat lymphopenia in HCT recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Iovino
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Hematology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kirsten Cooper
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Paul deRoos
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Sinéad Kinsella
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Cindy Evandy
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Tamas Ugrai
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Francesco Mazziotta
- Department of Hematology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Kathleen S Ensbey
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - David Granadier
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and
| | - Kayla Hopwo
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Colton Smith
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alex Gagnon
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Mario Petrini
- Department of Hematology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jarrod A Dudakov
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, and
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dong X, Premaratne I, Gadjiko M, Berri N, Spector JA. Improving Fat Transplantation Survival and Vascularization with Adenovirus E4+ Endothelial Cell-Assisted Lipotransfer. Cells Tissues Organs 2022; 212:341-351. [PMID: 35640533 PMCID: PMC10568608 DOI: 10.1159/000525274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous fat transplantation is plagued by an unpredictable and often significant degree of graft loss. AdE4+ endothelial cells (ECs) are human endothelial cells that have been transduced with the E4ORF1 region of human adenovirus type 5, resulting in long-term preservation of EC proliferation and angiogenic capability without immortalization. We hypothesized that AdE4+ EC-enriched fat grafts would demonstrate improved volume retention secondary to enhanced angiogenesis. Three experimental groups were prepared by admixing 400 µL of patient lipoaspirate with 100 µL of AdE4+ EC suspensions (high AdE4+ EC concentration-enriched [5 × 106/mL], low AdE4+ EC concentration-enriched [1.25 × 106/mL], or PBS) and injected subcutaneously into the bilateral dorsa of nude mice. Fat transplants were explanted at 90 and 180 days for volumetric and histologic analyses. After both 90 and 180 days, AdE4+ EC-enriched fat grafts showed greater mean volume preservation compared to control grafts (p < 0.05). Regions of focal necrosis were only noticed in low AdE4+ EC concentration-enriched and control groups after 180 days. Histologic analysis demonstrated the presence of healthy adipocytes in all AdE4+ EC-enriched fat grafts in which both human and host ECs were evident after 90 and 180 days. AdE4+ EC enrichment improved fat graft volume preservation and vascularization in this murine xenograft model. Though further study is warranted, AdE4+ ECs demonstrated to be promising as a potential off-the-shelf adjunct for improving the volume, quality, and consistency of fat engraftment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA,
| | - Ishani Premaratne
- Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mariam Gadjiko
- Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nabih Berri
- Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason A Spector
- Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mayer IM, Hoelbl-Kovacic A, Sexl V, Doma E. Isolation, Maintenance and Expansion of Adult Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells and Leukemic Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1723. [PMID: 35406494 PMCID: PMC8996967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are rare, self-renewing cells that perch on top of the hematopoietic tree. The HSCs ensure the constant supply of mature blood cells in a tightly regulated process producing peripheral blood cells. Intense efforts are ongoing to optimize HSC engraftment as therapeutic strategy to treat patients suffering from hematopoietic diseases. Preclinical research paves the way by developing methods to maintain, manipulate and expand HSCs ex vivo to understand their regulation and molecular make-up. The generation of a sufficient number of transplantable HSCs is the Holy Grail for clinical therapy. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are characterized by their acquired stem cell characteristics and are responsible for disease initiation, progression, and relapse. We summarize efforts, that have been undertaken to increase the number of long-term (LT)-HSCs and to prevent differentiation towards committed progenitors in ex vivo culture. We provide an overview and compare methods currently available to isolate, maintain and enrich HSC subsets, progenitors and LSCs and discuss their individual advantages and drawbacks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (I.M.M.); (A.H.-K.); (E.D.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Man L, Lustgarten Guahmich N, Kallinos E, Caiazza B, Khan M, Liu ZY, Patel R, Torres C, Pepin D, Yang HS, Bodine R, Zaninovic N, Schattman G, Rosenwaks Z, James D. Chronic superphysiologic AMH promotes premature luteinization of antral follicles in human ovarian xenografts. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabi7315. [PMID: 35263130 PMCID: PMC8906729 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi7315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by growing ovarian follicles and provides a diagnostic measure of reproductive reserve in women; however, the impact of AMH on folliculogenesis is poorly understood. We cotransplanted human ovarian cortex with control or AMH-expressing endothelial cells in immunocompromised mice and recovered antral follicles for purification and downstream single-cell RNA sequencing of granulosa and theca/stroma cell fractions. A total of 38 antral follicles were observed (19 control and 19 AMH) at long-term intervals (>10 weeks). In the context of exogenous AMH, follicles exhibited a decreased ratio of primordial to growing follicles and antral follicles of increased diameter. Transcriptomic analysis and immunolabeling revealed a marked increase in factors typically noted at more advanced stages of follicle maturation, with granulosa and theca/stroma cells also displaying molecular hallmarks of luteinization. These results suggest that superphysiologic AMH alone may contribute to ovulatory dysfunction by accelerating maturation and/or luteinization of antral-stage follicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Man
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicole Lustgarten Guahmich
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eleni Kallinos
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Barbara Caiazza
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Monica Khan
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zong-Ying Liu
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ritaben Patel
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Carmen Torres
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David Pepin
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02214, USA
| | - He S. Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Richard Bodine
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nikica Zaninovic
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Glenn Schattman
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daylon James
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dai J, Cimino PJ, Gouin KH, Grzelak CA, Barrett A, Lim AR, Long A, Weaver S, Saldin LT, Uzamere A, Schulte V, Clegg N, Pisarsky L, Lyden D, Bissell MJ, Knott S, Welm AL, Bielas JH, Hansen KC, Winkler F, Holland EC, Ghajar CM. Astrocytic laminin-211 drives disseminated breast tumor cell dormancy in brain. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:25-42. [PMID: 35121993 PMCID: PMC9469899 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although dormancy is thought to play a key role in the metastasis of breast tumor cells to the brain, our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms regulating disseminated tumor cell (DTC) dormancy in this organ is limited. Here using serial intravital imaging of dormant and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer lines, we identify escape from the single-cell or micrometastatic state as the rate-limiting step towards brain metastasis. We show that every DTC occupies a vascular niche, with quiescent DTCs residing on astrocyte endfeet. At these sites, astrocyte-deposited laminin-211 drives DTC quiescence by inducing the dystroglycan receptor to associate with yes-associated protein, thereby sequestering it from the nucleus and preventing its prometastatic functions. These findings identify a brain-specific mechanism of DTC dormancy and highlight the need for a more thorough understanding of tumor dormancy to develop therapeutic approaches that prevent brain metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Dai
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Patrick J. Cimino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Kenneth H. Gouin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Applied Genomics, Computation and Translational Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (USA)
| | - Candice A. Grzelak
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Alexander Barrett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO (USA)
| | - Andrea R. Lim
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA),Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Annalyssa Long
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Stephanie Weaver
- Experimental Histopathology Core, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Lindsey T. Saldin
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (USA)
| | - Aiyedun Uzamere
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Vera Schulte
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Nigel Clegg
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Laura Pisarsky
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - David Lyden
- Children’s Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, (USA)
| | - Mina J. Bissell
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)
| | - Simon Knott
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Applied Genomics, Computation and Translational Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (USA)
| | - Alana L. Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (USA)
| | - Jason H. Bielas
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA),Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (USA),Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Kirk C. Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO (USA)
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumour Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, DKTK & Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Eric C. Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA)
| | - Cyrus M. Ghajar
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA),Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (USA),To whom correspondence should be addressed: Cyrus M. Ghajar, PhD, Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., M5-A864, Seattle, WA 98109 (USA), , P. 206.667.7080, F. 206.667.2537, Jinxiang Dai, PhD, Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., M5-A864, Seattle, WA 98109 (USA), , P. 206.667.7082, F. 206.667.2537
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Developmental angiocrine diversification of endothelial cells for organotypic regeneration. Dev Cell 2021; 56:3042-3051. [PMID: 34813766 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adult organs are vascularized by specialized blood vessels. In addition to inter-organ vascular heterogeneity, each organ is arborized by structurally and functionally diversified populations of endothelial cells (ECs). The molecular pathways that are induced to orchestrate inter- and intra- organ vascular heterogeneity and zonation are shaped during development and fully specified postnatally. Notably, intra-organ specialization of ECs is associated with induction of angiocrine factors that guide cross-talk between ECs and parenchymal cells, establishing co-zonated vascular regions within each organ. In this review, we describe how microenvironmental tissue-specific biophysical, biochemical, immune, and inflammatory cues dictate the specialization of ECs with zonated functions. We delineate how physiological and biophysical stressors in the developing liver, lung, and kidney vasculature induce specialization of capillary beds. Deciphering mechanisms by which vascular microvasculature diversity is attained could set the stage for treating regenerative disorders and promote healing of organs without provoking fibrosis.
Collapse
|
24
|
Kinsella S, Evandy CA, Cooper K, Iovino L, deRoos PC, Hopwo KS, Granadier DW, Smith CW, Rafii S, Dudakov JA. Attenuation of apoptotic cell detection triggers thymic regeneration after damage. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109789. [PMID: 34610317 PMCID: PMC8627669 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The thymus, which is the primary site of T cell development, is particularly sensitive to insult but also has a remarkable capacity for repair. However, the mechanisms orchestrating regeneration are poorly understood, and delayed repair is common after cytoreductive therapies. Here, we demonstrate a trigger of thymic regeneration, centered on detecting the loss of dying thymocytes that are abundant during steady-state T cell development. Specifically, apoptotic thymocytes suppressed production of the regenerative factors IL-23 and BMP4 via TAM receptor signaling and activation of the Rho-GTPase Rac1, the intracellular pattern recognition receptor NOD2, and micro-RNA-29c. However, after damage, when profound thymocyte depletion occurs, this TAM-Rac1-NOD2-miR29c pathway is attenuated, increasing production of IL-23 and BMP4. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of Rac1-GTPase enhanced thymic function after acute damage. These findings identify a complex trigger of tissue regeneration and offer a regenerative strategy for restoring immune competence in patients whose thymic function has been compromised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinéad Kinsella
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Cindy A Evandy
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kirsten Cooper
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lorenzo Iovino
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Paul C deRoos
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kayla S Hopwo
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - David W Granadier
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Colton W Smith
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jarrod A Dudakov
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rebuilding the hematopoietic stem cell niche: Recent developments and future prospects. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:129-148. [PMID: 33813090 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have proven their clinical relevance in stem cell transplantation to cure patients with hematological disorders. Key to their regenerative potential is their natural microenvironment - their niche - in the bone marrow (BM). Developments in the field of biomaterials enable the recreation of such environments with increasing preciseness in the laboratory. Such artificial niches help to gain a fundamental understanding of the biophysical and biochemical processes underlying the interaction of HSCs with the materials in their environment and the disturbance of this interplay during diseases affecting the BM. Artificial niches also have the potential to multiply HSCs in vitro, to enable the targeted differentiation of HSCs into mature blood cells or to serve as drug-testing platforms. In this review, we will introduce the importance of artificial niches followed by the biology and biophysics of the natural archetype. We will outline how 2D biomaterials can be used to dissect the complexity of the natural niche into individual parameters for fundamental research and how 3D systems evolved from them. We will present commonly used biomaterials for HSC research and their applications. Finally, we will highlight two areas in the field of HSC research, which just started to unlock the possibilities provided by novel biomaterials, in vitro blood production and studying the pathophysiology of the niche in vitro. With these contents, the review aims to give a broad overview of the different biomaterials applied for HSC research and to discuss their potentials, challenges and future directions in the field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent cells responsible for maintaining the turnover of all blood cells. They are routinely applied to treat patients with hematological diseases. This high clinical relevance explains the necessity of multiplication or differentiation of HSCs in the laboratory, which is hampered by the missing natural microenvironment - the so called niche. Biomaterials offer the possibility to mimic the niche and thus overcome this hurdle. The review introduces the HSC niche in the bone marrow and discusses the utility of biomaterials in creating artificial niches. It outlines how 2D systems evolved into sophisticated 3D platforms, which opened the gateway to applications such as, expansion of clinically relevant HSCs, in vitro blood production, studying niche pathologies and drug testing.
Collapse
|
26
|
Murine AGM single-cell profiling identifies a continuum of hemogenic endothelium differentiation marked by ACE. Blood 2021; 139:343-356. [PMID: 34517413 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro generation and expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) holds great promise for the treatment of any ailment that relies on bone marrow or blood transplantation. To achieve this, it is essential to resolve the molecular and cellular pathways that govern HSC formation in the embryo. HSCs first emerge in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (AGM) where a rare subset of endothelial cells, hemogenic endothelium (HE), undergoes an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). Here, we present full-length single-cell-RNA-sequencing of the EHT process with a focus on HE and dorsal aorta niche cells. By using Runx1b and Gfi1/1b transgenic reporter mouse models to isolate HE, we uncovered that the pre-HE to HE continuum is specifically marked by Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) expression. We established that HE cells begin to enter the cell cycle near the time of EHT initiation when their morphology still resembles endothelial cells. We further demonstrated that RUNX1 AGM niche cells consist of vascular smooth muscle cells and PDGFRa+ mesenchymal cells and can functionally support hematopoiesis. Overall, our study provides new insights into HE differentiation towards HSC and the role of AGM RUNX1+ niche cells in this process. Our expansive scRNA-seq datasets represents a powerful resource to investigate these processes further.
Collapse
|
27
|
Hisata S, Racanelli AC, Kermani P, Schreiner R, Houghton S, Palikuqi B, Kunar B, Zhou A, McConn K, Capili A, Redmond D, Nolan DJ, Ginsberg M, Ding BS, Martinez FJ, Scandura JM, Cloonan SM, Rafii S, Choi AM. Reversal of emphysema by restoration of pulmonary endothelial cells. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20200938. [PMID: 34287647 PMCID: PMC8298104 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by airway inflammation and airspace enlargement (emphysema) leading to airflow obstruction and eventual respiratory failure. Microvasculature dysfunction is associated with COPD/emphysema. However, it is not known if abnormal endothelium drives COPD/emphysema pathology and/or if correcting endothelial dysfunction has therapeutic potential. Here, we show the centrality of endothelial cells to the pathogenesis of COPD/emphysema in human tissue and using an elastase-induced murine model of emphysema. Airspace disease showed significant endothelial cell loss, and transcriptional profiling suggested an apoptotic, angiogenic, and inflammatory state. This alveolar destruction was rescued by intravenous delivery of healthy lung endothelial cells. Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) was a driver of emphysema, and deletion of Lrg1 from endothelial cells rescued vascular rarefaction and alveolar regression. Hence, targeting endothelial cell biology through regenerative methods and/or inhibition of the LRG1 pathway may represent strategies of immense potential for the treatment of COPD/emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hisata
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Alexandra C. Racanelli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Pouneh Kermani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sean Houghton
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Brisa Palikuqi
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Balvir Kunar
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Aiyuan Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Keith McConn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Allyson Capili
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - David Redmond
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Bi-Sen Ding
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Fernando J. Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Joseph M. Scandura
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Suzanne M. Cloonan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland and Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Augustine M.K. Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Man L, Lustgarten Guahmich N, Kallinos E, Park L, Caiazza B, Khan M, Liu ZY, Patel R, Torres C, Lekovich J, Zhong L, Bodine R, Wen D, Zaninovic N, Schattman G, Rosenwaks Z, James D. Exogenous insulin-like growth factor 1 accelerates growth and maturation of follicles in human cortical xenografts and increases ovarian output in mice. F&S SCIENCE 2021; 2:237-247. [PMID: 35560275 PMCID: PMC9361175 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the influence of exogenous insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) on follicle growth and maturation in human ovarian cortical xenografts. DESIGN Xenotransplantation model. SETTING University-based research laboratory. PATIENTS/ANIMALS Ovarian tissue was donated with consent and institutional review board approval by brain-dead organ donors or patients undergoing ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation. Cortical fragments were transplanted into immunocompromised mice. INTERVENTIONS Cryopreserved ovarian cortical fragments from four women (aged 19, 25, 33, and 46 years) were transplanted into the gluteus muscle of immunocompromised mice in a fibrin matrix containing endothelial cells that were transduced with lentiviral particles encoding secreted IGF1. Xenografts were recovered after 3, 8, and 14 weeks. In addition, C57/Bl6 mice underwent intraovarian injection of saline or recombinant IGF1 (60 μg), followed by superovulation, analysis of ethynyl-deoxyuridine incorporation, and ribonucleic acid sequencing of the whole ovaries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES For xenografts: follicle count and distribution; antral follicle count; and corpora lutea/albicans count. For mice: follicle count and distribution; oocyte yield, ethynyl-deoxyuridine incorporation (granulosa cell proliferation); and ovarian transcriptomic signature. RESULTS At 3 weeks, xenografts in the IGF1 condition revealed a decreased percentage of primary follicles and increased percentage of secondary follicles that were concentrated in the preantral subtype; at 8 weeks, an increase in secondary follicles was concentrated in the simple subtype; after 14 weeks, primordial follicles were reduced, and while the number of advanced follicles did not power the experiment to demonstrate significance, antral follicles reduced and corpora lutea increased. Supporting experiments in mice revealed an increase in normal oocytes following intraovarian injection of recombinant IGF1 (60 μg) as well as increased proliferative index among follicles of secondary and preantral stages. Ribonucleic acid sequencing analysis of the whole ovaries following injection of recombinant IGF1 (25 μg) revealed an acute (24 hours) upregulation of transcripts related to steroidogenesis and luteinization. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous IGF1 advances the pace of growth among primordial, primary, and secondary stage follicles but results in near absence of antral stage follicles in long-term (14 weeks) xenografts. In mice, acute administration of IGF1 promotes follicle advance and increased oocyte yield. The results suggest that while superphysiological IGF1 alone advances the pace of growth among early/preantral follicles, a sustained and/or later-stage influence undermines antral follicle growth/survival or promotes premature luteinization. These findings provide a temporal framework for interpreting follicle growth/mobilization and may be useful in understanding the clinical application of human growth hormone in the context of assisted reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Man
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Nicole Lustgarten Guahmich
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Eleni Kallinos
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Laura Park
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Barbara Caiazza
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Monica Khan
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Zong-Ying Liu
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ritaben Patel
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Carmen Torres
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jovana Lekovich
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Liangwen Zhong
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Richard Bodine
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Duancheng Wen
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Nikica Zaninovic
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Glenn Schattman
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Daylon James
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hanke-Gogokhia C, Lehmann GL, Benedicto I, de la Fuente-Ortega E, Arshavsky VY, Schreiner R, Rodriguez-Boulan E. Apical CLC-2 in retinal pigment epithelium is crucial for survival of the outer retina. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21689. [PMID: 34085737 PMCID: PMC8252757 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100349r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Knockout of the chloride channel protein 2 (CLC‐2; CLCN2) results in fast progressing blindness in mice. Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors undergo, in parallel, rapid, and profound morphological changes and degeneration. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy of the outer retina and electroretinography of the CLC‐2 KO mouse demonstrated normal morphology at postnatal day 2, followed by drastic changes in RPE and photoreceptor morphology and loss of vision during the first postnatal month. To investigate whether the RPE or the photoreceptors are the primary cause of the degeneration, we injected lentiviruses carrying HA‐tagged CLC‐2 with an RPE‐specific promotor in the subretinal space of CLC‐2‐KO mice at the time of eye opening. As expected, CLC‐2‐HA was expressed exclusively in RPE; strikingly, this procedure rescued the degeneration of both RPE and photoreceptors. Light response in transduced eyes was also recovered. Only a fraction of RPE was transduced with the lentivirus; however, the entire RPE monolayer appears healthy, even the RPE cells not expressing the CLC‐2‐HA. Surprisingly, in contrast with previous physiological observations that postulate that CLC‐2 has a basolateral localization in RPE, our immunofluorescence experiments demonstrated CLC‐2 has an apical distribution, facing the subretinal space and the photoreceptor outer segments. Our findings suggest that CLC‐2 does not play the postulated role in fluid transport at the basolateral membrane. Rather, they suggest that CLC‐2 performs a critical homeostatic role in the subretinal compartment involving a chloride regulatory mechanism that is critical for the survival of both RPE and photoreceptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ignacio Benedicto
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Erwin de la Fuente-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Vadim Y Arshavsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Enrique Rodriguez-Boulan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Choi YJ, Heck AM, Hayes BJ, Lih D, Rayner SG, Hadland B, Zheng Y. WNT5A from the fetal liver vascular niche supports human fetal liver hematopoiesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:321. [PMID: 34090485 PMCID: PMC8180064 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human fetal liver is a critical organ for prenatal hematopoiesis, the study of which offers insights into niche signals that regulate the fates of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) during fetal development. Here, we demonstrate that human fetal liver endothelium uniquely supports the maturation and expansion of multilineage HSPCs. Specifically, co-culture of fetal liver-derived immature CD43+CD45- hematopoietic cells with human fetal liver endothelial cells (ECs) led to a profound increase in the numbers of phenotypic CD45+CD34+ HSPCs and multilineage colony-forming progenitors generated in vitro, when compared to co-culture with ECs derived from other organs. We further identified a supportive role for EC-derived WNT5A in this process via gain- and loss-of-function studies within ECs. Our study emphasizes the importance of the organ-specific endothelial niche in supporting hematopoietic development and provides novel insight into signals that may facilitate HSPC expansion in vitro for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jung Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian J Hayes
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Lih
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel G Rayner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, and Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shor RE, Dai J, Lee SY, Pisarsky L, Matei I, Lucotti S, Lyden D, Bissell MJ, Ghajar CM. The PI3K/mTOR inhibitor Gedatolisib eliminates dormant breast cancer cells in organotypic culture, but fails to prevent metastasis in preclinical settings. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:130-147. [PMID: 34058066 PMCID: PMC8732345 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dormant, disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) are thought to be the source of breast cancer metastases several years or even decades after initial treatment. To date, a selective therapy that leads to their elimination has not been discovered. While dormant DTCs resist chemotherapy, evidence suggests that this resistance is driven not by their lack of proliferation, but by their engagement of the surrounding microenvironment, via integrin‐β1‐mediated interactions. Because integrin‐β1‐targeted agents have not been translated readily to the clinic, signaling nodes downstream of integrin‐β1 could serve as attractive therapeutic targets in order to sensitize dormant DTCs to therapy. By probing a number of kinases downstream of integrin‐β1, we determined that PI3K inhibition with either a tool compounds or a compound (PF‐05212384; aka Gedatolisib) in clinical trials robustly sensitizes quiescent breast tumor cells seeded in organotypic bone marrow cultures to chemotherapy. These results motivated the preclinical study of whether Gedatolisib—with or without genotoxic therapy—would reduce DTC burden and prevent metastases. Despite promising results in organotypic culture, Gedatolisib failed to reduce DTC burden or delay, reduce or prevent metastasis in murine models of either triple‐negative or estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer dissemination and metastasis. This result held true whether analyzing Gedatolisib on its own (vs. vehicle‐treated animals) or in combination with dose‐dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (vs. animals treated only with dose‐dense chemotherapies). These data suggest that PI3K is not the node downstream of integrin‐β1 that confers chemotherapeutic resistance to DTCs. More broadly, they cast doubt on the strategy to target PI3K in order to eliminate DTCs and prevent breast cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryann E Shor
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jinxiang Dai
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA
| | - Laura Pisarsky
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Irina Matei
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Serena Lucotti
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mina J Bissell
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA
| | - Cyrus M Ghajar
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Man L, Lustgarten-Guahmich N, Kallinos E, Redhead-Laconte Z, Liu S, Schattman B, Redmond D, Hancock K, Zaninovic N, Schattman G, Rosenwaks Z, James D. Comparison of Human Antral Follicles of Xenograft versus Ovarian Origin Reveals Disparate Molecular Signatures. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108027. [PMID: 32783948 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation, growth, and maturation of oocytes to an ovulatory phase, termed folliculogenesis, is governed by the orchestrated activity of multiple specialized cell types within the ovary; yet, the mechanisms governing diversification and behavior of discrete cellular sub-populations within follicles are poorly understood. We use bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing to distinguish the transcriptional signature of prospectively isolated granulosa and theca/stroma cell subsets within human antral follicles derived from xenografts or ovaries. The analysis deconstructs phenotypic diversification within small (<4 mm) antral follicles, identifying secreted factors that are differentially enriched between mural and oophorus granulosa cells, and segregating stromal/support and steroidal activity between theca externa and interna, respectively. Multiple factors are differentially expressed in follicles of xenograft versus ovarian origin. These data capture a high-resolution transcriptional signature of granulosa and theca subpopulations and provide a systems-level portrait of cellular diversification in early antral human follicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Man
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicole Lustgarten-Guahmich
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eleni Kallinos
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zachary Redhead-Laconte
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sally Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Benjamin Schattman
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David Redmond
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kolbe Hancock
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nikica Zaninovic
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Glenn Schattman
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daylon James
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bessy T, Itkin T, Passaro D. Bioengineering the Bone Marrow Vascular Niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:645496. [PMID: 33996805 PMCID: PMC8113773 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.645496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) tissue is the main physiological site for adult hematopoiesis. In recent years, the cellular and matrix components composing the BM have been defined with unprecedent resolution, both at the molecular and structural levels. With the expansion of this knowledge, the possibility of reproducing a BM-like structure, to ectopically support and study hematopoiesis, becomes a reality. A number of experimental systems have been implemented and have displayed the feasibility of bioengineering BM tissues, supported by cells of mesenchymal origin. Despite being known as an abundant component of the BM, the vasculature has been largely disregarded for its role in regulating tissue formation, organization and determination. Recent reports have highlighted the crucial role for vascular endothelial cells in shaping tissue development and supporting steady state, emergency and malignant hematopoiesis, both pre- and postnatally. Herein, we review the field of BM-tissue bioengineering with a particular focus on vascular system implementation and integration, starting from describing a variety of applicable in vitro models, ending up with in vivo preclinical models. Additionally, we highlight the challenges of the field and discuss the clinical perspectives in terms of adoptive transfer of vascularized BM-niche grafts in patients to support recovering hematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bessy
- Leukemia and Niche Dynamics Laboratory, Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Tomer Itkin
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Diana Passaro
- Leukemia and Niche Dynamics Laboratory, Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Barcia Durán JG, Lu T, Houghton S, Geng F, Schreiner R, Xiang J, Rafii S, Redmond D, Lis R. Endothelial Jak3 expression enhances pro-hematopoietic angiocrine function in mice. Commun Biol 2021; 4:406. [PMID: 33767339 PMCID: PMC7994450 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Jak3 is the only non-promiscuous member of the Jak family of secondary messengers. Studies to date have focused on understanding and targeting the cell-autonomous role of Jak3 in immunity, while functional Jak3 expression outside the hematopoietic system remains largely unreported. We show that Jak3 is expressed in endothelial cells across hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic organs, with heightened expression in the bone marrow. The bone marrow niche is understood as a network of different cell types that regulate hematopoietic function. We show that the Jak3-/- bone marrow niche is deleterious for the maintenance of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) and that JAK3-overexpressing endothelial cells have increased potential to expand LT-HSCs in vitro. This work may serve to identify a novel function for a highly specific tyrosine kinase in the bone marrow vascular niche and to further characterize the LT-HSC function of sinusoidal endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Gabriel Barcia Durán
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tyler Lu
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sean Houghton
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Fuqiang Geng
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jenny Xiang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - David Redmond
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Raphaël Lis
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Comparative engraftment and clonality of macaque HSPCs expanded on human umbilical vein endothelial cells versus non-expanded cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 20:703-715. [PMID: 33738325 PMCID: PMC7937567 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion platforms are under active development, designed to increase HSPC numbers and thus engraftment ability of allogeneic cord blood grafts or autologous HSPCs for gene therapies. Murine and in vitro models have not correlated well with clinical outcomes of HSPC expansion, emphasizing the need for relevant pre-clinical models. Our rhesus macaque HSPC competitive autologous transplantation model utilizing genetically barcoded HSPC allows direct analysis of the relative short and long-term engraftment ability of lentivirally transduced HSPCs, along with additional critical characteristics such as HSPC clonal diversity and lineage bias. We investigated the impact of ex vivo expansion of macaque HSPCs on the engineered endothelial cell line (E-HUVECs) platform regarding safety, engraftment of transduced and E-HUVEC-expanded HSPC over time compared to non-expanded HSPC for up to 51 months post-transplantation, and both clonal diversity and lineage distribution of output from each engrafted cell source. Short and long-term engraftment were comparable for E-HUVEC expanded and the non-expanded HSPCs in both animals, despite extensive proliferation of CD34+ cells during 8 days of ex vivo culture for the E-HUVEC HSPCs, and optimization of harvesting and infusion of HSPCs co-cultured on E-HUVEC in the second animal. Long-term hematopoietic output from both E-HUVEC expanded and unexpanded HSPCs was highly polyclonal and multilineage. Overall, the comparable HSPC kinetics of macaques to humans, the ability to study post-transplant clonal patterns, and simultaneous multi-arm comparisons of grafts without the complication of interpreting allogeneic effects makes our model ideal to test ex vivo HSPC expansion platforms, particularly for gene therapy applications.
Collapse
|
36
|
Morrison KA, Weinreb RH, Dong X, Toyoda Y, Jin JL, Bender R, Mukherjee S, Spector JA. Facilitated self-assembly of a prevascularized dermal/epidermal collagen scaffold. Regen Med 2020; 15:2273-2283. [PMID: 33325258 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Resurfacing complex full thickness wounds requires free tissue transfer which creates donor site morbidity. We describe a method to fabricate a skin flap equivalent with a hierarchical microvascular network. Materials & methods: We fabricated a flap of skin-like tissue containing a hierarchical vascular network by sacrificing Pluronic® F127 macrofibers and interwoven microfibers within collagen encapsulating human pericytes and fibroblasts. Channels were seeded with smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Constructs were topically seeded with keratinocytes. Results: After 28 days in culture, multiphoton microscopy revealed a hierarchical interconnected network of macro- and micro-vessels; larger vessels (>100 μm) were lined with a monolayer endothelial neointima and a subendothelial smooth muscle neomedia. Neoangiogenic sprouts formed in the collagen protodermis and pericytes self-assembled around both fabricated vessels and neoangiogenic sprouts. Conclusion: We fabricated a prevascularized scaffold containing a hierarchical 3D network of interconnected macro- and microchannels within a collagen protodermis subjacent to an overlying protoepidermis with the potential for recipient microvascular anastomosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry A Morrison
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Plastic Surgery Resident Physician affiliated with the Hansjorg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ross H Weinreb
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Yoshiko Toyoda
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Plastic Surgery Resident Physician affiliated with the Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julia L Jin
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ryan Bender
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sushmita Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 14850, USA
| | - Jason A Spector
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine & Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Nancy E. & Peter C. Meinig School of Bioengineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang L, Mack R, Breslin P, Zhang J. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging in hematopoietic stem cells and their niches. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:157. [PMID: 33228751 PMCID: PMC7686726 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging drives the genetic and epigenetic changes that result in a decline in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functioning. Such changes lead to aging-related hematopoietic/immune impairments and hematopoietic disorders. Understanding how such changes are initiated and how they progress will help in the development of medications that could improve the quality life for the elderly and to treat and possibly prevent aging-related hematopoietic diseases. Here, we review the most recent advances in research into HSC aging and discuss the role of HSC-intrinsic events, as well as those that relate to the aging bone marrow niche microenvironment in the overall processes of HSC aging. In addition, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which HSC aging is regulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Ryan Mack
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Peter Breslin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.,Departments of Molecular/Cellular Physiology and Department of Biology, Loyola University Medical Center and Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Silvestri VL, Henriet E, Linville RM, Wong AD, Searson PC, Ewald AJ. A Tissue-Engineered 3D Microvessel Model Reveals the Dynamics of Mosaic Vessel Formation in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4288-4301. [PMID: 32665356 PMCID: PMC7541732 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In solid tumors, vascular structure and function varies from the core to the periphery. This structural heterogeneity has been proposed to influence the mechanisms by which tumor cells enter the circulation. Blood vessels exhibit regional defects in endothelial coverage, which can result in cancer cells directly exposed to flow and potentially promoting intravasation. Consistent with prior reports, we observed in human breast tumors and in a mouse model of breast cancer that approximately 6% of vessels consisted of both endothelial cells and tumor cells, so-called mosaic vessels. Due, in part, to the challenges associated with observing tumor-vessel interactions deep within tumors in real-time, the mechanisms by which mosaic vessels form remain incompletely understood. We developed a tissue-engineered model containing a physiologically realistic microvessel in coculture with mammary tumor organoids. This approach allows real-time and quantitative assessment of tumor-vessel interactions under conditions that recapitulate many in vivo features. Imaging revealed that tumor organoids integrate into the endothelial cell lining, resulting in mosaic vessels with gaps in the basement membrane. While mosaic vessel formation was the most frequently observed interaction, tumor organoids also actively constricted and displaced vessels. Furthermore, intravasation of cancer cell clusters was observed following the formation of a mosaic vessel. Taken together, our data reveal that cancer cells can rapidly reshape, destroy, or integrate into existing blood vessels, thereby affecting oxygenation, perfusion, and systemic dissemination. Our novel assay also enables future studies to identify targetable mechanisms of vascular recruitment and intravasation. SIGNIFICANCE: A tissue-engineered microdevice that recapitulates the tumor-vascular microenvironment enables real-time imaging of the cellular mechanisms of mosaic vessel formation and vascular defect generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa L Silvestri
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elodie Henriet
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Raleigh M Linville
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew D Wong
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter C Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew J Ewald
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Palikuqi B, Nguyen DHT, Li G, Schreiner R, Pellegata AF, Liu Y, Redmond D, Geng F, Lin Y, Gómez-Salinero JM, Yokoyama M, Zumbo P, Zhang T, Kunar B, Witherspoon M, Han T, Tedeschi AM, Scottoni F, Lipkin SM, Dow L, Elemento O, Xiang JZ, Shido K, Spence JR, Zhou QJ, Schwartz RE, De Coppi P, Rabbany SY, Rafii S. Adaptable haemodynamic endothelial cells for organogenesis and tumorigenesis. Nature 2020; 585:426-432. [PMID: 32908310 PMCID: PMC7480005 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells adopt tissue-specific characteristics to instruct organ development and regeneration1,2. This adaptability is lost in cultured adult endothelial cells, which do not vascularize tissues in an organotypic manner. Here, we show that transient reactivation of the embryonic-restricted ETS variant transcription factor 2 (ETV2)3 in mature human endothelial cells cultured in a serum-free three-dimensional matrix composed of a mixture of laminin, entactin and type-IV collagen (LEC matrix) ‘resets’ these endothelial cells to adaptable, vasculogenic cells, which form perfusable and plastic vascular plexi. Through chromatin remodelling, ETV2 induces tubulogenic pathways, including the activation of RAP1, which promotes the formation of durable lumens4,5. In three-dimensional matrices—which do not have the constraints of bioprinted scaffolds—the ‘reset’ vascular endothelial cells (R-VECs) self-assemble into stable, multilayered and branching vascular networks within scalable microfluidic chambers, which are capable of transporting human blood. In vivo, R-VECs implanted subcutaneously in mice self-organize into durable pericyte-coated vessels that functionally anastomose to the host circulation and exhibit long-lasting patterning, with no evidence of malformations or angiomas. R-VECs directly interact with cells within three-dimensional co-cultured organoids, removing the need for the restrictive synthetic semipermeable membranes that are required for organ-on-chip systems, therefore providing a physiological platform for vascularization, which we call ‘Organ-On-VascularNet’. R-VECs enable perfusion of glucose-responsive insulin-secreting human pancreatic islets, vascularize decellularized rat intestines and arborize healthy or cancerous human colon organoids. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and epigenetic profiling, we demonstrate that R-VECs establish an adaptive vascular niche that differentially adjusts and conforms to organoids and tumoroids in a tissue-specific manner. Our Organ-On-VascularNet model will permit metabolic, immunological and physiochemical studies and screens to decipher the crosstalk between organotypic endothelial cells and parenchymal cells for identification of determinants of endothelial cell heterogeneity, and could lead to advances in therapeutic organ repair and tumour targeting. The transient reactivation of ETV2 in adult human endothelial cells reprograms these cells to become adaptable vasculogenic endothelia that in three-dimensional matrices self-assemble into vascular networks that can transport blood and physiologically arborize organoids and decellularized tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brisa Palikuqi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Duc-Huy T Nguyen
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ge Li
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro F Pellegata
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, DBC Programme, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ying Liu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Redmond
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fuqiang Geng
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Lin
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jesus M Gómez-Salinero
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Masataka Yokoyama
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Zumbo
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Balvir Kunar
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mavee Witherspoon
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Teng Han
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alfonso M Tedeschi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, DBC Programme, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Federico Scottoni
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, DBC Programme, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Steven M Lipkin
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lukas Dow
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jenny Z Xiang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koji Shido
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason R Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Qiao J Zhou
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert E Schwartz
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, DBC Programme, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.,Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sina Y Rabbany
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li H, Pei H, Wang S, Zhang B, Fan Z, Liu Y, Xie X, Yang Z, Xu L, Jia Y, Bai Y, Han Y, Chen L, He L, Nan X, Yue W, Pei X. Arterial endothelium creates a permissive niche for expansion of human cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:358. [PMID: 32799928 PMCID: PMC7429738 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although cord blood (CB) offers promise for treatment of patients with high-risk hematological malignancies and immune disorders, the limited numbers of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)/progenitor cell in a CB unit and straitened circumstances in expanding ex vivo make it quite challenging to develop the successful cell therapies. Methods In this study, a novel strategy has been developed to support ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) by coculture with engineered human umbilical arterial endothelial cells (HuAECs-E4orf1-GFP), which expresses E4ORF1 stably by using a retroviral system. Results Coculture of CD34+ hCB cells with HuAECs-E4orf1-GFP resulted in generation of considerably more total nucleated cells, CD34+CD38−, and CD34+CD38−CD90+ HSPCs in comparison with that of cytokines alone or that of coculture with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HuVECs) after 14-day amplification. The in vitro multilineage differentiation potential and in vivo repopulating capacity of the expanded hematopoietic cells cocultured with HuAECs-E4orf1-GFP were also markedly enhanced compared with the other two control groups. DLL4, a major determinant of arterial endothelial cell (EC) identity, was associated with CD34+ hCB cells amplified on HuAECs-E4orf1-GFP. Conclusions Collectively, we demonstrated that HuAECs acted as a permissive niche in facilitating expansion of HSPCs. Our study further implicated that the crucial factors and related pathways presented in HuAECs may give a hint to maintain self-renewal of bona fide HSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Li
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Haiyun Pei
- Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Sihan Wang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Zeng Fan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yali Jia
- Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yi Han
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Xue Nan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Wen Yue
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Xuetao Pei
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Efficient gene editing of human long-term hematopoietic stem cells validated by clonal tracking. Nat Biotechnol 2020; 38:1298-1308. [PMID: 32601433 PMCID: PMC7610558 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-0551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Targeted gene editing in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a promising treatment for several diseases. However, the limited efficiency of homology-directed repair (HDR) in HSCs and the unknown impact of the procedure on clonal composition and dynamics of transplantation have hampered clinical translation. Here, we apply a barcoding strategy to clonal tracking of edited cells (BAR-Seq) and show that editing activates p53, which substantially shrinks the HSC clonal repertoire in hematochimeric mice, although engrafted edited clones preserve multilineage and self-renewing capacity. Transient p53 inhibition restored polyclonal graft composition. We increased HDR efficiency by forcing cell-cycle progression and upregulating components of the HDR machinery through transient expression of the adenovirus 5 E4orf6/7 protein, which recruits the cell-cycle controller E2F on its target genes. Combined E4orf6/7 expression and p53 inhibition resulted in HDR editing efficiencies of up to 50% in the long-term human graft, without perturbing repopulation and self-renewal of edited HSCs. This enhanced protocol should broaden applicability of HSC gene editing and pave its way to clinical translation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Hoarau-Véchot J, Touboul C, Halabi N, Blot-Dupin M, Lis R, Abi Khalil C, Rafii S, Rafii A, Pasquier J. Akt-activated endothelium promotes ovarian cancer proliferation through notch activation. J Transl Med 2019; 17:194. [PMID: 31182109 PMCID: PMC6558713 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One main challenge in ovarian cancer rests on the presence of a relapse and an important metastatic disease, despite extensive surgical debulking and chemotherapy. The difficulty in containing metastatic cancer is partly due to the heterotypic interaction of tumor and its microenvironment. In this context, evidence suggests that endothelial cells (EC) play an important role in ovarian tumor growth and chemoresistance. Here, we studied the role of tumor endothelium on ovarian cancer cells (OCCs). Methods We evaluated the effect of activated endothelial cells on ovarian cancer cell proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy and investigated the survival pathways activated by endothelial co-culture. Results The co-culture between OCCs and E4+ECs, induced an increase of OCCs proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. This co-culture induced an increase of Notch receptors expression on OCC surface and an increase of Jagged 1 expression on E4+ECs surface and activation of survival pathways leading to chemoresistance by E4+ECs. Conclusion The targeting of aberrant NOTCH signaling could constitute a strategy to disrupt the pro-tumoral endothelial niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hoarau-Véchot
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.,Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, PO box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Cyril Touboul
- INSERM U955, Equipe 7, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine de Créteil UPEC-Paris XII, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 40 Avenue de Verdun, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Najeeb Halabi
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Morgane Blot-Dupin
- Faculté de Médecine de Créteil UPEC-Paris XII, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 40 Avenue de Verdun, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Raphael Lis
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Charbel Abi Khalil
- Epigenetics Cardiovascular Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, PO box 24144, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Arash Rafii
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar. .,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA. .,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hospital Foch, Surresnes, France. .,Department of Genetic Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar-Foundation, PO: 24144, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Jennifer Pasquier
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar. .,INSERM U955, Equipe 7, Créteil, France.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Promote the Expansion of Human Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081985. [PMID: 31018542 PMCID: PMC6515002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) is an attractive source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for hematopoietic cell transplantation. However, its application remains limited due to the low number of HSCs/progenitors in a single CB unit and its notoriously difficulty in expanding ex vivo. Here, we demonstrated that the human fetal liver sinusoidal endothelial cells engineered to constitutively express the adenoviral E4orf1 gene (hFLSECs-E4orf1) is capable of efficient expansion ex vivo for human CB hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Coculture of CD34+ hCB cells with hFLSECs-E4orf1 resulted in generation of substantially more total nucleated cells, CD34+CD38− and CD34+ CD38−CD90+ HSPCs in comparison with that of cytokines alone after 14 days. The multilineage differentiation potential of the expanded hematopoietic cells in coculture condition, as assessed by in vitro colony formation, was also significantly heightened. The CD34+ hCB cells amplified on hFLSECs-E4orf1 were capable of engraftment in vivo. Furthermore, hFLSECs-E4orf1 highly expressed hematopoiesis related growth factor and Notch receptors. Accordingly, the CD34+ hCB cells amplified on hFLSECs-E4orf1 exhibited Notch signaling activation. Taken together, our findings indicated that FLSECs may potentially be the crucial component of the microenvironment to support recapitulation of embryonic HSC amplification in vitro and allow identification of new growth factors responsible for collective regulation of hematopoiesis.
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang Y, Chen S, Yan Z, Pei M. A prospect of cell immortalization combined with matrix microenvironmental optimization strategy for tissue engineering and regeneration. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:7. [PMID: 30627420 PMCID: PMC6321683 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a major hurdle for primary cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Telomere erosion, oxidative stress, the expression of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressor genes all may account for the cellular senescence process with the involvement of various signaling pathways. To establish immortalized cell lines for research and clinical use, strategies have been applied including internal genomic or external matrix microenvironment modification. Considering the potential risks of malignant transformation and tumorigenesis of genetic manipulation, environmental modification methods, especially the decellularized cell-deposited extracellular matrix (dECM)-based preconditioning strategy, appear to be promising for tissue engineering-aimed cell immortalization. Due to few review articles focusing on this topic, this review provides a summary of cell senescence and immortalization and discusses advantages and limitations of tissue engineering and regeneration with the use of immortalized cells as well as a potential rejuvenation strategy through combination with the dECM approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Song Chen
- 3Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, 610083 Sichuan China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ming Pei
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,4WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Durán JGB, Lis R, Lu TM, Rafii S. In vitro conversion of adult murine endothelial cells to hematopoietic stem cells. Nat Protoc 2018; 13:2758-2780. [PMID: 30429596 PMCID: PMC9923715 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The ability to generate hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro would have an immeasurable impact on many areas of clinical practice, including trauma, cancer, and congenital disease. In this protocol, we describe a stepwise approach that converts adult murine endothelial cells (ECs) to HSCs, termed 'reprogrammed ECs into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells' (rEC-HSPCs). The conversion, which is achieved without cells transitioning through a pluripotent state, comprises three phases: induction, specification, and expansion. Adult ECs are first isolated from Runx1-IRES-GFP; Rosa26-rtTa mice and maintained in culture under EC growth factor stimulation and Tgfβ inhibition. In the first (induction) phase of conversion (days 0-8), four transcription factors (TFs)-FosB, Gfi1, Runx1, and Spi1 (FGRS)-are expressed transiently, which results in endogenous Runx1 expression. During the second (specification) phase (days 8-20), endogenous Runx1+ FGRS-transduced ECs commit to a hematopoietic fate and no longer require exogenous FGRS expression. Finally, the vascular niche drives robust proliferation of rEC-HSPCs during the expansion phase (days 20-28). The resulting converted cells possess a transcriptomic signature and long-term self-renewal capacity indistinguishable from those of adult HSCs. In this protocol, we also describe functional in vitro and in vivo assays that can be used to demonstrate that rEC-HSPCs are competent for clonal engraftment and possess multi-lineage reconstitution potential, including antigen-dependent adaptive immune function. This approach thus provides a tractable strategy for interrogating the generation of engraftable hematopoietic cells, advancing the mechanistic understanding of hematopoietic development and HSC self-renewal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Gabriel Barcia Durán
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Raphaël Lis
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY, USA. .,Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY, USA.
| | - Tyler M. Lu
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY 10065, USA,Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Guo P, Rafii S. Generation of BMEC Lines and in vitro BMEC-HSPC Co-culture Assays. Bio Protoc 2018; 8:e3079. [PMID: 34532536 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) sustain the self-renewal and regeneration of adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) via deployment of EC-derived paracrine factors, termed as angiocrine factors. Generation of durable ex vivo vascular niche that maintains EC identity and preserves the angiocrine profile of organ of origin offers platforms for in vitro dissection of the mechanism by which angiocrine factors execute their instructive function for stem cell maintenance and tissue regeneration. This protocol describes detailed methods to isolate primary bone marrow ECs (BMECs), to subsequently transduce lentiviral vector carrying myristoylated-Akt1 into primary BMECs, and to use the Akt1-BMECs to expand engraftable murine HSPCs. The BMEC-HSPC co-culture system serves as bioreactor prototype to generate scalable populations of the blood and immune systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Guo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Purpose of review In this review, we aim to discuss the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in supporting hematopoiesis, with particular focus on the contribution of the endothelial niche in dictating hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate. Recent findings Evidence gathered in the past two decades revealed that specific cell types within the bone marrow niche influence the hematopoietic system. Endothelial cells have emerged as a key component of the HSC niche, directly affecting stem cell quiescence, self-renewal, and lineage differentiation. Physiological alterations of the bone marrow niche occurring in aging have been described to be sufficient to promote functional aging of young HSCs. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence suggests that aberrant activation of endothelial-derived signaling pathways can aid or trigger neoplastic transformation. Summary Several groups have contributed to the characterization of the different cell types that comprise the complex bone marrow environment, whose function was long perceived as an undiscernible sum of many parts. Further studies will need to uncover niche cell-type-specific pathways, in order to provide new targets and therapeutic options that aim at withdrawing the microenvironmental support to malignant cells while sparing normal HSCs.
Collapse
|
48
|
Verma M, Asakura Y, Murakonda BSR, Pengo T, Latroche C, Chazaud B, McLoon LK, Asakura A. Muscle Satellite Cell Cross-Talk with a Vascular Niche Maintains Quiescence via VEGF and Notch Signaling. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 23:530-543.e9. [PMID: 30290177 PMCID: PMC6178221 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a complex tissue containing tissue resident muscle stem cells (satellite cells) (MuSCs) important for postnatal muscle growth and regeneration. Quantitative analysis of the biological function of MuSCs and the molecular pathways responsible for a potential juxtavascular niche for MuSCs is currently lacking. We utilized fluorescent reporter mice and muscle tissue clearing to investigate the proximity of MuSCs to capillaries in 3 dimensions. We show that MuSCs express abundant VEGFA, which recruits endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro, whereas blocking VEGFA using both a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor and MuSC-specific VEGFA gene deletion reduces the proximity of MuSCs to capillaries. Importantly, this proximity to the blood vessels was associated with MuSC self-renewal in which the EC-derived Notch ligand Dll4 induces quiescence in MuSCs. We hypothesize that MuSCs recruit capillary ECs via VEGFA, and in return, ECs maintain MuSC quiescence though Dll4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Verma
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Yoko Asakura
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bhavani Sai Rohit Murakonda
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thomas Pengo
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Claire Latroche
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Linda K McLoon
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Atsushi Asakura
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Paul & Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Merna N, Wong AK, Barahona V, Llanos P, Kunar B, Palikuqi B, Ginsberg M, Rafii S, Rabbany SY. Laminar shear stress modulates endothelial luminal surface stiffness in a tissue-specific manner. Microcirculation 2018; 25:e12455. [PMID: 29665185 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial cells form vascular beds in all organs and are exposed to a range of mechanical forces that regulate cellular phenotype. We sought to determine the role of endothelial luminal surface stiffness in tissue-specific mechanotransduction of laminar shear stress in microvascular mouse cells and the role of arachidonic acid in mediating this response. METHODS Microvascular mouse endothelial cells were subjected to laminar shear stress at 4 dynes/cm2 for 12 hours in parallel plate flow chambers that enabled real-time optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy measurements of cell stiffness. RESULTS Lung endothelial cells aligned parallel to flow, while cardiac endothelial cells did not. This rapid alignment was accompanied by increased cell stiffness. The addition of arachidonic acid to cardiac endothelial cells increased alignment and stiffness in response to shear stress. Inhibition of arachidonic acid in lung endothelial cells and embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells prevented cellular alignment and decreased cell stiffness. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that increased endothelial luminal surface stiffness in microvascular cells may facilitate mechanotransduction and alignment in response to laminar shear stress. Furthermore, the arachidonic acid pathway may mediate this tissue-specific process. An improved understanding of this response will aid in the treatment of organ-specific vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Merna
- Bioengineering Program, Fred DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Andrew K Wong
- Bioengineering Program, Fred DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Victor Barahona
- Bioengineering Program, Fred DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Pierre Llanos
- Bioengineering Program, Fred DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Balvir Kunar
- Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brisa Palikuqi
- Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sina Y Rabbany
- Bioengineering Program, Fred DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Man L, Park L, Bodine R, Ginsberg M, Zaninovic N, Schattman G, Schwartz RE, Rosenwaks Z, James D. Co-transplantation of Human Ovarian Tissue with Engineered Endothelial Cells: A Cell-based Strategy Combining Accelerated Perfusion with Direct Paracrine Delivery. J Vis Exp 2018:57472. [PMID: 29863664 PMCID: PMC6101226 DOI: 10.3791/57472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a frequent side effect of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and for some patients, cryopreservation of oocytes or embryos is not an option. As an alternative, an increasing number of these patients are choosing to cryopreserve ovarian tissue for autograft following recovery and remission. Despite improvements in outcomes among patients undergoing auto-transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue, efficient revascularization of grafted tissue remains a major obstacle. To mitigate ischemia and thus improve outcomes in patients undergoing auto-transplantation, we developed a vascular cell-based strategy for accelerating perfusion of ovarian tissue. We describe a method for co-transplantation of exogenous endothelial cells (ExECs) with cryopreserved ovarian tissue in a mouse xenograft model. We extend this approach to employ ExECs that have been engineered to constitutively express Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), thus enabling sustained paracrine signaling input to ovarian grafts. Co-transplantation with ExECs increased follicular volume and improved antral follicle development, and AMH-expressing ExECs promoted retention of quiescent primordial follicles. This combined strategy may be a useful tool for mitigating ischemia and modulating follicular activation in the context of fertility preservation and/or infertility at large.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Man
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Laura Park
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Richard Bodine
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | | | - Nikica Zaninovic
- Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Glenn Schattman
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Robert E Schwartz
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College; Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Daylon James
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College; Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Derivation Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College;
| |
Collapse
|