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Thweatt JL, Harman CE, Araújo MN, Marlow JJ, Oliver GC, Sabuda MC, Sevgen S, Wilpiszeki RL. Chapter 6: The Breadth and Limits of Life on Earth. ASTROBIOLOGY 2024; 24:S124-S142. [PMID: 38498824 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Scientific ideas about the potential existence of life elsewhere in the universe are predominantly informed by knowledge about life on Earth. Over the past ∼4 billion years, life on Earth has evolved into millions of unique species. Life now inhabits nearly every environmental niche on Earth that has been explored. Despite the wide variety of species and diverse biochemistry of modern life, many features, such as energy production mechanisms and nutrient requirements, are conserved across the Tree of Life. Such conserved features help define the operational parameters required by life and therefore help direct the exploration and evaluation of habitability in extraterrestrial environments. As new diversity in the Tree of Life continues to expand, so do the known limits of life on Earth and the range of environments considered habitable elsewhere. The metabolic processes used by organisms living on the edge of habitability provide insights into the types of environments that would be most suitable to hosting extraterrestrial life, crucial for planning and developing future astrobiology missions. This chapter will introduce readers to the breadth and limits of life on Earth and show how the study of life at the extremes can inform the broader field of astrobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Thweatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA. (Former)
| | - C E Harman
- Planetary Systems Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - M N Araújo
- Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey J Marlow
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gina C Oliver
- Department of Geology, San Bernardino Valley College, San Bernardino, California, USA
| | - Mary C Sabuda
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Serhat Sevgen
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
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2
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Daly MJ. The scientific revolution that unraveled the astonishing DNA repair capacity of the Deinococcaceae: 40 years on. Can J Microbiol 2023; 69:369-386. [PMID: 37267626 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2023-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The family Deinococcaceae exhibits exceptional radiation resistance and possesses all the necessary traits for surviving in radiation-exposed environments. Their survival strategy involves the coupling of metabolic and DNA repair functions, resulting in an extraordinarily efficient homologous repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) caused by radiation or desiccation. The keys to their survival lie in the hyperaccumulation of manganous (Mn2+)-metabolite antioxidants that protect their DNA repair proteins under extreme oxidative stress and the persistent structural linkage by Holliday junctions of their multiple genome copies per cell that facilitates DSB repair. This coupling of metabolic and DNA repair functions has made polyploid Deinococcus bacteria a useful tool in environmental biotechnology, radiobiology, aging, and planetary protection. The review highlights the groundbreaking contributions of the late Robert G.E. Murray to the field of Deinococcus research and the emergent paradigm-shifting discoveries that revolutionized our understanding of radiation survivability and oxidative stress defense, demonstrating that the proteome, rather than the genome, is the primary target responsible for survivability. These discoveries have led to the commercial development of irradiated vaccines using Deinococcus Mn-peptide antioxidants and have significant implications for various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Daly
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA
- Committee on Planetary Protection (CoPP), National Academies of Sciences, Washington, DC 20001, USA
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3
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Huang T, Snell KC, Kalia N, Gardezi S, Guo L, Harris ME. Kinetic analysis of RNA cleavage by coronavirus Nsp15 endonuclease: Evidence for acid base catalysis and substrate dependent metal ion activation. J Biol Chem 2023:104787. [PMID: 37149147 PMCID: PMC10158045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the functional properties of SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins is essential for defining their roles in the viral life cycle, developing improved therapeutics and diagnostics, and countering future variants. Coronavirus nonstructural protein Nsp15 is a hexameric U-specific endonuclease whose functions, substrate specificity, mechanism, and dynamics have not been fully defined. Previous studies report SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 requires Mn2+ ions for optimal activity; however, the effects of divalent ions on Nsp15 reaction kinetics have not been investigated in detail. Here, we analyzed the single and multiple turnover kinetics for model single-stranded RNA substrates. Our data confirm that divalent ions are dispensable for catalysis and show that Mn2+ activates Nsp15 cleavage of two different ssRNA oligonucleotide substrates, but not a dinucleotide. Furthermore, biphasic kinetics of ssRNA substrates demonstrates that Mn2+ stabilizes alternative enzyme states that have faster substrate cleavage on the enzyme. However, we did not detect Mn2+-induced conformational changes using CD and fluorescence spectroscopy. The pH-rate profiles in the presence and absence of Mn2+ are consistent with active site ionizable groups with similar pKas of ca. 4.8-5.2. We found the Rp stereoisomer phosphorothioate modification at the scissile phosphate had minimal effect on catalysis, which supports a mechanism involving an anionic transition state. In contrast, the Sp stereoisomer is inactive due to weak binding, consistent with models that position the non-bridging phosphoryl oxygen deep in the active site. Together, these kinetic data demonstrate that Nsp15 employs a conventional acid-base catalytic mechanism passing through an anionic transition state, and that divalent ion activation is substrate-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Kimberly C Snell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Nidhi Kalia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Shahbaz Gardezi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Lily Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Michael E Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
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4
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Čapek J, Večerek B. Why is manganese so valuable to bacterial pathogens? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:943390. [PMID: 36816586 PMCID: PMC9936198 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.943390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from oxygenic photosynthesis, the extent of manganese utilization in bacteria varies from species to species and also appears to depend on external conditions. This observation is in striking contrast to iron, which is similar to manganese but essential for the vast majority of bacteria. To adequately explain the role of manganese in pathogens, we first present in this review that the accumulation of molecular oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere was a key event that linked manganese utilization to iron utilization and put pressure on the use of manganese in general. We devote a large part of our contribution to explanation of how molecular oxygen interferes with iron so that it enhances oxidative stress in cells, and how bacteria have learned to control the concentration of free iron in the cytosol. The functioning of iron in the presence of molecular oxygen serves as a springboard for a fundamental understanding of why manganese is so valued by bacterial pathogens. The bulk of this review addresses how manganese can replace iron in enzymes. Redox-active enzymes must cope with the higher redox potential of manganese compared to iron. Therefore, specific manganese-dependent isoenzymes have evolved that either lower the redox potential of the bound metal or use a stronger oxidant. In contrast, redox-inactive enzymes can exchange the metal directly within the individual active site, so no isoenzymes are required. It appears that in the physiological context, only redox-inactive mononuclear or dinuclear enzymes are capable of replacing iron with manganese within the same active site. In both cases, cytosolic conditions play an important role in the selection of the metal used. In conclusion, we summarize both well-characterized and less-studied mechanisms of the tug-of-war for manganese between host and pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Čapek
- *Correspondence: Jan Čapek, ; Branislav Večerek,
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5
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Switzer CH, Kasamatsu S, Ihara H, Eaton P. SOD1 is an essential H 2S detoxifying enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2205044120. [PMID: 36630448 PMCID: PMC9934061 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205044120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous signaling molecule with antioxidant properties, it is also cytotoxic by potently inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase and mitochondrial respiration. Paradoxically, the primary route of H2S detoxification is thought to occur inside the mitochondrial matrix via a series of relatively slow enzymatic reactions that are unlikely to compete with its rapid inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase. Therefore, alternative or complementary cellular mechanisms of H2S detoxification are predicted to exist. Here, superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (SOD1) is shown to be an efficient H2S oxidase that has an essential role in limiting cytotoxicity from endogenous and exogenous sulfide. Decreased SOD1 expression resulted in increased sensitivity to H2S toxicity in yeast and human cells, while increased SOD1 expression enhanced tolerance to H2S. SOD1 rapidly converted H2S to sulfate under conditions of limiting sulfide; however, when sulfide was in molar excess, SOD1 catalyzed the formation of per- and polysulfides, which induce cellular thiol oxidation. Furthermore, in SOD1-deficient cells, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species catalyzed sulfide oxidation to per- and polysulfides. These data reveal that a fundamental function of SOD1 is to regulate H2S and related reactive sulfur species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H. Switzer
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, LondonEC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka599-8531, Japan
| | - Philip Eaton
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, LondonEC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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6
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Park J, Cleary MB, Li D, Mattocks JA, Xu J, Wang H, Mukhopadhyay S, Gale EM, Cotruvo JA. A genetically encoded fluorescent sensor for manganese(II), engineered from lanmodulin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2212723119. [PMID: 36508659 PMCID: PMC9907080 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212723119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of selective metal-binding sites is a challenge in both small-molecule and macromolecular chemistry. Selective recognition of manganese (II)-the first-row transition metal ion that tends to bind with the lowest affinity to ligands, as described by the Irving-Williams series-is particularly difficult. As a result, there is a dearth of chemical biology tools with which to study manganese physiology in live cells, which would advance understanding of photosynthesis, host-pathogen interactions, and neurobiology. Here we report the rational re-engineering of the lanthanide-binding protein, lanmodulin, into genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for MnII, MnLaMP1 and MnLaMP2. These sensors with effective Kd(MnII) of 29 and 7 µM, respectively, defy the Irving-Williams series to selectively detect MnII in vitro and in vivo. We apply both sensors to visualize kinetics of bacterial labile manganese pools. Biophysical studies indicate the importance of coordinated solvent and hydrophobic interactions in the sensors' selectivity. Our results establish lanmodulin as a versatile scaffold for design of selective protein-based biosensors and chelators for metals beyond the f-block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802
| | - Michael B. Cleary
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA02129
| | - Danyang Li
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Joseph A. Mattocks
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802
| | - Jiansong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802
| | - Huan Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA02129
| | - Somshuvra Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Eric M. Gale
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA02129
| | - Joseph A. Cotruvo
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802
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7
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Horne WH, Volpe RP, Korza G, DePratti S, Conze IH, Shuryak I, Grebenc T, Matrosova VY, Gaidamakova EK, Tkavc R, Sharma A, Gostinčar C, Gunde-Cimerman N, Hoffman BM, Setlow P, Daly MJ. Effects of Desiccation and Freezing on Microbial Ionizing Radiation Survivability: Considerations for Mars Sample Return. ASTROBIOLOGY 2022; 22:1337-1350. [PMID: 36282180 PMCID: PMC9618380 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2022.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly, national space agencies are expanding their goals to include Mars exploration with sample return. To better protect Earth and its biosphere from potential extraterrestrial sources of contamination, as set forth in the Outer Space Treaty of 1967, international efforts to develop planetary protection measures strive to understand the danger of cross-contamination processes in Mars sample return missions. We aim to better understand the impact of the martian surface on microbial dormancy and survivability. Radiation resistance of microbes is a key parameter in considering survivability of microbes over geologic times on the frigid, arid surface of Mars that is bombarded by solar and galactic cosmic radiation. We tested the influence of desiccation and freezing on the ionizing radiation survival of six model microorganisms: vegetative cells of two bacteria (Deinococcus radiodurans, Escherichia coli) and a strain of budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); and vegetative cells and endospores of three Bacillus bacteria (B. subtilis, B. megaterium, B. thuringiensis). Desiccation and freezing greatly increased radiation survival of vegetative polyploid microorganisms when applied separately, and when combined, desiccation and freezing increased radiation survival even more so. Thus, the radiation survival threshold of polyploid D. radiodurans cells can be extended from the already high value of 25 kGy in liquid culture to an astonishing 140 kGy when the cells are both desiccated and frozen. However, such synergistic radioprotective effects of desiccation and freezing were not observed in monogenomic or digenomic Bacillus cells and endospores, which are generally sterilized by 12 kGy. This difference is associated with a critical requirement for survivability under radiation, that is, repair of genome damage caused by radiation. Deinococcus radiodurans and S. cerevisiae accumulate similarly high levels of the Mn antioxidants that are required for extreme radiation resistance, as do endospores, though they greatly exceed spores in radioresistance because they contain multiple identical genome copies, which in D. radiodurans are joined by persistent Holliday junctions. We estimate ionizing radiation survival limits of polyploid DNA-based life-forms to be hundreds of millions of years of background radiation while buried in the martian subsurface. Our findings imply that forward contamination of Mars will essentially be permanent, and backward contamination is a possibility if life ever existed on Mars.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Horne
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York, USA
| | - Robert P. Volpe
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - George Korza
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sarah DePratti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Isabel H. Conze
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Igor Shuryak
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), New York, New York, USA
| | - Tine Grebenc
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vera Y. Matrosova
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elena K. Gaidamakova
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rok Tkavc
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Cene Gostinčar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Brian M. Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter Setlow
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael J. Daly
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Member, Committee on Planetary Protection (CoPP), National Academies of Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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8
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Nicastro R, Gaillard H, Zarzuela L, Péli-Gulli MP, Fernández-García E, Tomé M, García-Rodríguez N, Durán RV, De Virgilio C, Wellinger RE. Manganese is a physiologically relevant TORC1 activator in yeast and mammals. eLife 2022; 11:80497. [PMID: 35904415 PMCID: PMC9337852 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential biometal manganese (Mn) serves as a cofactor for several enzymes that are crucial for the prevention of human diseases. Whether intracellular Mn levels may be sensed and modulate intracellular signaling events has so far remained largely unexplored. The highly conserved target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1, mTORC1 in mammals) protein kinase requires divalent metal cofactors such as magnesium (Mg2+) to phosphorylate effectors as part of a homeostatic process that coordinates cell growth and metabolism with nutrient and/or growth factor availability. Here, our genetic approaches reveal that TORC1 activity is stimulated in vivo by elevated cytoplasmic Mn levels, which can be induced by loss of the Golgi-resident Mn2+ transporter Pmr1 and which depend on the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP) metal ion transporters Smf1 and Smf2. Accordingly, genetic interventions that increase cytoplasmic Mn2+ levels antagonize the effects of rapamycin in triggering autophagy, mitophagy, and Rtg1-Rtg3-dependent mitochondrion-to-nucleus retrograde signaling. Surprisingly, our in vitro protein kinase assays uncovered that Mn2+ activates TORC1 substantially better than Mg2+, which is primarily due to its ability to lower the Km for ATP, thereby allowing more efficient ATP coordination in the catalytic cleft of TORC1. These findings, therefore, provide both a mechanism to explain our genetic observations in yeast and a rationale for how fluctuations in trace amounts of Mn can become physiologically relevant. Supporting this notion, TORC1 is also wired to feedback control mechanisms that impinge on Smf1 and Smf2. Finally, we also show that Mn2+-mediated control of TORC1 is evolutionarily conserved in mammals, which may prove relevant for our understanding of the role of Mn in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Nicastro
- University of Fribourg, Department of Biology, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Gaillard
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa - CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Laura Zarzuela
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa - CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Elisabet Fernández-García
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa - CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Tomé
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa - CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Néstor García-Rodríguez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa - CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Raúl V Durán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa - CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Ralf Erik Wellinger
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa - CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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9
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Martin JE, Waters LS. Regulation of Bacterial Manganese Homeostasis and Usage During Stress Responses and Pathogenesis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:945724. [PMID: 35911964 PMCID: PMC9334652 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.945724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) plays a multifaceted role in the survival of pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria in eukaryotic hosts, and it is also important for free-living bacteria to grow in stressful environments. Previous research has uncovered components of the bacterial Mn homeostasis systems that control intracellular Mn levels, many of which are important for virulence. Multiple studies have also identified proteins that use Mn once it is inside the cell, including Mn-specific enzymes and enzymes transiently loaded with Mn for protection during oxidative stress. Emerging evidence continues to reveal proteins involved in maintaining Mn homeostasis, as well as enzymes that can bind Mn. For some of these enzymes, Mn serves as an essential cofactor. For other enzymes, mismetallation with Mn can lead to inactivation or poor activity. Some enzymes may even potentially be regulated by differential metallation with Mn or zinc (Zn). This review focuses on new developments in regulatory mechanisms that affect Mn homeostasis and usage, additional players in Mn import that increase bacterial survival during pathogenesis, and the interplay between Mn and other metals during Mn-responsive physiological processes. Lastly, we highlight lessons learned from fundamental research that are now being applied to bacterial interactions within larger microbial communities or eukaryotic hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Martin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, United States
| | - Lauren S. Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI, United States
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10
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Fernandez S, Wofford JD, Shepherd RE, Vali SW, Dancis A, Lindahl PA. Yeast cells depleted of the frataxin homolog Yfh1 redistribute cellular iron: Studies using Mössbauer spectroscopy and mathematical modeling. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101921. [PMID: 35413285 PMCID: PMC9130540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurodegenerative disease Friedreich's ataxia arises from a deficiency of frataxin, a protein that promotes iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly in mitochondria. Here, primarily using Mössbauer spectroscopy, we investigated the iron content of a yeast strain in which expression of yeast frataxin homolog 1 (Yfh1), oxygenation conditions, iron concentrations, and metabolic modes were varied. We found that aerobic fermenting Yfh1-depleted cells grew slowly and accumulated FeIII nanoparticles, unlike WT cells. Under hypoxic conditions, the same mutant cells grew at rates similar to WT cells, had similar iron content, and were dominated by FeII rather than FeIII nanoparticles. Furthermore, mitochondria from mutant hypoxic cells contained approximately the same levels of ISCs as WT cells, confirming that Yfh1 is not required for ISC assembly. These cells also did not accumulate excessive iron, indicating that iron accumulation into yfh1-deficient mitochondria is stimulated by O2. In addition, in aerobic WT cells, we found that vacuoles stored FeIII, whereas under hypoxic fermenting conditions, vacuolar iron was reduced to FeII. Under respiring conditions, vacuoles of Yfh1-deficient cells contained FeIII, and nanoparticles accumulated only under aerobic conditions. Taken together, these results informed a mathematical model of iron trafficking and regulation in cells that could semiquantitatively simulate the Yfh1-deficiency phenotype. Simulations suggested partially independent regulation in which cellular iron import is regulated by ISC activity in mitochondria, mitochondrial iron import is regulated by a mitochondrial FeII pool, and vacuolar iron import is regulated by cytosolic FeII and mitochondrial ISC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Joshua D Wofford
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Charleston Southern University, Charleston South Carolina, USA
| | - Rachel E Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Shaik Waseem Vali
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Dancis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul A Lindahl
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
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11
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Small-Molecule Mn Antioxidants in Caenorhabditis elegans and Deinococcus radiodurans Supplant MnSOD Enzymes during Aging and Irradiation. mBio 2022; 13:e0339421. [PMID: 35012337 PMCID: PMC8749422 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03394-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Denham Harman's oxidative damage theory identifies superoxide (O2•-) radicals as central agents of aging and radiation injury, with Mn2+-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) as the principal O2•--scavenger. However, in the radiation-resistant nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme MnSOD is dispensable for longevity, and in the model bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, it is dispensable for radiation resistance. Many radiation-resistant organisms accumulate small-molecule Mn2+-antioxidant complexes well-known for their catalytic ability to scavenge O2•-, along with MnSOD, as exemplified by D. radiodurans. Here, we report experiments that relate the MnSOD and Mn-antioxidant content to aging and oxidative stress resistances and which indicate that C. elegans, like D. radiodurans, may rely on Mn-antioxidant complexes as the primary defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Wild-type and ΔMnSOD D. radiodurans and C. elegans were monitored for gamma radiation sensitivities over their life spans while gauging Mn2+-antioxidant content by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, a powerful new approach to determining the in vivo Mn-antioxidant content of cells as they age. As with D. radiodurans, MnSOD is dispensable for radiation survivability in C. elegans, which hyperaccumulates Mn-antioxidants exceptionally protective of proteins. Unexpectedly, ΔMnSOD mutants of both the nematodes and bacteria exhibited increased gamma radiation survival compared to the wild-type. In contrast, the loss of MnSOD renders radiation-resistant bacteria sensitive to atmospheric oxygen during desiccation. Our results support the concept that the disparate responses to oxidative stress are explained by the accumulation of Mn-antioxidant complexes which protect, complement, and can even supplant MnSOD. IMPORTANCE The current theory of cellular defense against oxidative damage identifies antioxidant enzymes as primary defenders against ROS, with MnSOD being the preeminent superoxide (O2•-) scavenger. However, MnSOD is shown to be dispensable both for radiation resistance and longevity in model organisms, the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Measured by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, small-molecule Mn-antioxidant content was shown to decline in unison with age-related decreases in cell proliferation and radioresistance, which again are independent of MnSOD presence. Most notably, the Mn-antioxidant content of C. elegans drops precipitously in the last third of its life span, which links with reports that the steady-state level of oxidized proteins increases exponentially during the last third of the life span in animals. This leads us to propose that global responses to oxidative stress must be understood through an extended theory that includes small-molecule Mn-antioxidants as potent O2•--scavengers that complement, and can even supplant, MnSOD.
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12
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Paramagnetic resonance investigation of mono- and di-manganese-containing systems in biochemistry. Methods Enzymol 2022; 666:315-372. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Kerdsomboon K, Techo T, Limcharoensuk T, Tatip S, Auesukaree C. Low phosphate mitigates cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by enhancing endogenous antioxidant defence system. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:707-720. [PMID: 34927334 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal that causes many harmful effects on human health and ecosystems. Metal chelation-based techniques have become a common approach for the treatment of metal poisoning and also for the remediation of metal contamination. Phosphate, an essential nutrient required for key cellular functions, has been supposed to be effective in reducing cadmium bioavailability, possibly through its chelating potential. In this study, we explored the effects of phosphate on cadmium toxicity and cellular response to cadmium stress in the eukaryotic model Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results reveal that cadmium toxicity is unexpectedly enhanced during phosphate repletion and optimal phosphate levels for yeast growth under cadmium stress conditions decline with increasing cadmium concentrations. The profound cadmium toxicity during phosphate repletion is unlikely to result from either elevated cadmium accumulation or dysregulated homeostasis of essential metals, but rather due to increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. We show that, under phosphate-depleted conditions, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, especially Mn-superoxide dismutase and catalase, are significantly promoted through transcriptional upregulation. Our findings highlight the important role of cellular response to phosphate limitation in mitigating cadmium toxicity and endogenous oxidative stress through the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittikhun Kerdsomboon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Todsapol Techo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Tossapol Limcharoensuk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Supinda Tatip
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Choowong Auesukaree
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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14
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Abstract
Mammalian oocytes undergo major changes in zinc content and localization to be fertilized, the most striking being the rapid exocytosis of over 10 billion zinc ions in what are known as zinc sparks. Here, we report that fertilization of amphibian Xenopus laevis eggs also initiates a zinc spark that progresses across the cell surface in coordination with dynamic calcium waves. This zinc exocytosis is accompanied by a newly recognized loss of intracellular manganese. Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence and analytical electron microscopy reveal that zinc and manganese are sequestered in a system of cortical granules that are abundant at the animal pole. Through electron-nuclear double-resonance studies, we rule out Mn2+ complexation with phosphate or nitrogenous ligands in intact eggs, but the data are consistent with a carboxylate coordination environment. Our observations suggest that zinc and manganese fluxes are a conserved feature of fertilization in vertebrates and that they function as part of a physiological block to polyspermy.
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15
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Shining light on photosynthetic microbes and manganese-enriched rock varnish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2109436118. [PMID: 34183441 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109436118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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16
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Wang S, Liu J, Zhao H, Zhang F. Carboxymethyl chitosan crosslinked ꞵ-cyclodextrin containing hydrogen bonded NC QDs nanocomposites to design fluorescence probes for manganese ion (II) sensing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111556. [PMID: 33321620 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The direct determination Mn2+ using carboxymethyl chitosan crosslinked with cyclodextrin containing hydrogen-bonded NC QDs (NC QD/CCSCD nanocomposites). The probable mechanism of the NC QD/CCSCD nanocomposites' fluorescence was quenched by Mn2+ could be interpreted as acyclic crown ether chelation. Mn2+ induced the NC QD/CCSCD clusters assembly to form large aggregates, which resulted in aggregation-caused quenching. The linear detection (I = 479.93-15.94C (R2 = 0.9954)) can be established at Mn2+ concentrations from 0 to 21.11 × 10-6 mol/L. Common metal ions, except iron and magnesium, showed minimal effect on detection. It could satisfy the standard range of Mn2+ in actual water samples. The method which using chelating assembly mechanism to build a novel sensor would provide a new model for the application of polymer materials in this field, but the precise assembly of polymer is an unsolved challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, PR China.
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, PR China
| | - Huihui Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, PR China
| | - Fang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, PR China
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17
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Hirscher NA, Arnett CH, Oyala PH, Agapie T. Characterization of Cr-Hydrocarbyl Species via Pulse EPR in the Study of Ethylene Tetramerization Catalysis. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael A. Hirscher
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Charles H. Arnett
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul H. Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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18
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Murgas CJ, Green SP, Forney AK, Korba RM, An SS, Kitten T, Lucas HR. Intracellular Metal Speciation in Streptococcus sanguinis Establishes SsaACB as Critical for Redox Maintenance. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1906-1921. [PMID: 32329608 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus sanguinis is an oral commensal bacterium, but it can colonize pre-existing heart valve vegetations if introduced into the bloodstream, leading to infective endocarditis. Loss of Mn- or Fe-cofactored virulence determinants are thought to result in weakening of this bacterium. Indeed, intracellular Mn accumulation mediated by the lipoprotein SsaB, a component of the SsaACB transporter complex, has been shown to promote virulence for endocarditis and O2 tolerance. To delineate intracellular metal-ion abundance and redox speciation within S. sanguinis, we developed a protocol exploiting two spectroscopic techniques, Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, to respectively quantify total intracellular metal concentrations and directly measure redox speciation of Fe and Mn within intact whole-cell samples. Addition of the cell-permeable siderophore deferoxamine shifts the oxidation states of accessible Fe and Mn from reduced-to-oxidized, as verified by magnetic moment calculations, aiding in the characterization of intracellular metal pools and metal sequestration levels for Mn2+ and Fe. We have applied this methodology to S. sanguinis and an SsaACB knockout strain (ΔssaACB), indicating that SsaACB mediates both Mn and Fe uptake, directly influencing the metal-ion pools available for biological inorganic pathways. Mn supplementation of ΔssaACB returns total intracellular Mn to wild-type levels, but it does not restore wild-type redox speciation or distribution of metal cofactor availability for either Mn or Fe. Our results highlight the biochemical basis for S. sanguinis oxidative resistance, revealing a dynamic role for SsaACB in controlling redox homeostasis by managing the intracellular Fe/Mn composition and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J. Murgas
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Shannon P. Green
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Ashley K. Forney
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Rachel M. Korba
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Seon-Sook An
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Todd Kitten
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Heather R. Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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19
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Nguyen TQ, Dziuba N, Lindahl PA. Isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuoles contain low-molecular-mass transition-metal polyphosphate complexes. Metallomics 2020; 11:1298-1309. [PMID: 31210222 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00104b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vacuoles play major roles in the trafficking, storage, and homeostasis of metal ions in fungi and plants. In this study, 29 batches of vacuoles were isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Flow-through solutions (FTS) obtained by passing vacuolar extracts through a 10 kDa cut-off membrane were characterized for metal content using an anaerobic liquid chromatography system interfaced to an online ICP-MS. Nearly all iron, zinc, and manganese ions in these solutions were present as low-molecular-mass (LMM) complexes. Metal-detected peaks with masses between 500-1700 Da dominated; phosphorus-detected peaks generally comigrated. The distribution of metal:polyphosphate complexes was dominated by particular chain-lengths rather than a broad binomial distribution. Similarly treated synthetic FeIII polyphosphate complexes showed similar peaks. Treatment with a phosphatase disrupted the LMM metal-bound species in vacuolar FTSs. These results indicated metal:polyphosphate complexes 6-20 phosphate units in length and coordinated by 1-3 metals on average per chain. The speciation of iron in FTSs from iron-deficient cells was qualitatively similar, but intensities were lower. Under healthy conditions, nearly all copper ions in vacuolar FTSs were present as 1-2 species with masses between 4800-7800 Da. The absence of these high-mass peaks in vacuolar FTS from cup1Δ cells suggests that they were due to metallothionein, Cup1. Disrupting copper homeostasis increased the amount of LMM copper:polyphosphate complexes in vacuoles (masses between 1500-1700 Da). Potentially dangerous LMM copper species in the cytosol of metallothionein-deficient cells may traffic into vacuoles for sequestration and detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Q Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA.
| | - Nathaniel Dziuba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Paul A Lindahl
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA. and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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20
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Nguyen TQ, Kim JE, Brawley HN, Lindahl PA. Chromatographic detection of low-molecular-mass metal complexes in the cytosol of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metallomics 2020; 12:1094-1105. [PMID: 32301942 PMCID: PMC7497409 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00312f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence-based chelators are commonly used to probe labile low-molecular-mass (LMM) metal pools in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells, but such chelators destroy the complexes of interest during detection. The objective of this study was to use chromatography to directly detect such complexes. Towards this end, 47 batches of cytosol were isolated from fermenting S. cerevisiae yeast cells and passed through a 10 kDa cut-off membrane. The metal contents of the cytosol and resulting flow-through solution (FTS) were determined. FTSs were applied to a size-exclusion LC column located in an anaerobic refrigerated glove box. The LC system was coupled to an online inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) for detection of individual metals. Iron-detected chromatograms of cytosolic FTSs from WT cells exhibited 2-4 major species with apparent masses between 500-1300 Da. Increasing the iron concentration in the growth medium 40-fold increased the overall intensity of these peaks. Approximately 3 LMM cytosolic copper complexes with apparent masses between 300-1300 Da were also detected; their LC intensities were weak, but these increased with increasing concentrations of copper in the growth medium. Observed higher-mass copper-detected peaks were tentatively assigned to copper-bound metallothioneins Cup1 and Crs5. FTSs from strains in which Cup1 or the Cox17 copper chaperone were deleted altered the distribution of LMM copper complexes. LMM zinc- and manganese-detected species were also present in cytosol, albeit at low concentrations. Supplementing the growth medium with zinc increased the intensity of the zinc peak assigned to Crs5 but the intensities of LMM zinc complexes were unaffected. Phosphorus-detected chromatograms were dominated by peaks at apparent masses 400-800 Da, with minor peaks at 1000-1500 Da in some batches. Sulfur chromatograms contained a low-intensity peak that comigrated with a glutathione standard; quantification suggested a GSH concentration in the cytosol of ca. 13 mM. A second LMM sulfur peak that migrated at an apparent mass of 100 Da was also evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Q Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA.
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21
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Waters LS. Bacterial manganese sensing and homeostasis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 55:96-102. [PMID: 32086169 PMCID: PMC9997548 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) plays a complex role in the survival of pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria in eukaryotic hosts and is also important for free-living bacteria to thrive in stressful environments. This review summarizes new aspects of regulatory strategies to control intracellular Mn levels and gives an overview of several newly identified families of bacterial Mn transporters. Recent illustrative examples of advances in quantification of intracellular Mn pools and characterization of the effects of Mn perturbations are highlighted. These discoveries help define mechanisms of Mn selectivity and toxicity and could enable new strategies to combat pathogenic bacteria and promote growth of desirable bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, WI, 54901, USA.
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22
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Alejandro S, Höller S, Meier B, Peiter E. Manganese in Plants: From Acquisition to Subcellular Allocation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:300. [PMID: 32273877 PMCID: PMC7113377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient for plant growth and development and sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments. The metal is an essential cofactor for the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of the photosynthetic machinery, catalyzing the water-splitting reaction in photosystem II (PSII). Despite the importance of Mn for photosynthesis and other processes, the physiological relevance of Mn uptake and compartmentation in plants has been underrated. The subcellular Mn homeostasis to maintain compartmented Mn-dependent metabolic processes like glycosylation, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis is mediated by a multitude of transport proteins from diverse gene families. However, Mn homeostasis may be disturbed under suboptimal or excessive Mn availability. Mn deficiency is a serious, widespread plant nutritional disorder in dry, well-aerated and calcareous soils, as well as in soils containing high amounts of organic matter, where bio-availability of Mn can decrease far below the level that is required for normal plant growth. By contrast, Mn toxicity occurs on poorly drained and acidic soils in which high amounts of Mn are rendered available. Consequently, plants have evolved mechanisms to tightly regulate Mn uptake, trafficking, and storage. This review provides a comprehensive overview, with a focus on recent advances, on the multiple functions of transporters involved in Mn homeostasis, as well as their regulatory mechanisms in the plant's response to different conditions of Mn availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alejandro
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | | | | | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
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23
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Mathieu E, Bernard AS, Quévrain E, Zoumpoulaki M, Iriart S, Lung-Soong C, Lai B, Medjoubi K, Henry L, Nagarajan S, Poyer F, Scheitler A, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Marco S, Somogyi A, Seksik P, Delsuc N, Policar C. Intracellular location matters: rationalization of the anti-inflammatory activity of a manganese(ii) superoxide dismutase mimic complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7885-7888. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03398g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of Mn-based superoxide dismutase mimic conjugated with a multimodal Re-probe in a cellular model of oxidative stress revealed that its bioactivity is associated with its accumulation at the mitochondria.
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24
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Qi HZ, Wang WZ, He JY, Ma Y, Xiao FZ, He SY. Antioxidative system of Deinococcus radiodurans. Res Microbiol 2019; 171:45-54. [PMID: 31756434 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deinococcus radiodurans is famous for its extreme resistance to various stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), desiccation and oxidative stress. The underlying mechanism of exceptional resistance of this robust bacterium still remained unclear. However, the antioxidative system of D. radiodurans has been considered to be the determinant factor for its unparalleled resistance and protects the proteome during stress, then the DNA repair system and metabolic system exert their functions to restore the cell to normal physiological state. The antioxidative system not only equipped with the common reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes (e.g., catalase and superoxide dismutase) but also armed with a variety of non-enzyme antioxidants (e.g., carotenoids and manganese species). And the small manganese complexes play an important role in the antioxidative system of D. radiodurans. Recent studies have characterized several regulators (e.g., PprI and PprM) in D. radiodurans, which play critical roles in the protection of the bacteria from various stresses. In this review, we offer a panorama of the progress regarding the characteristics of the antioxidative system in D. radiodurans and its application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zhou Qi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Function Laboratory Center, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hengyang Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nuclear Radiation, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Wu-Zhou Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hengyang Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nuclear Radiation, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jun-Yan He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hengyang Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nuclear Radiation, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Fang-Zhu Xiao
- Hengyang Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nuclear Radiation, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Shu-Ya He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Hengyang Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nuclear Radiation, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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25
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Tsednee M, Castruita M, Salomé PA, Sharma A, Lewis BE, Schmollinger SR, Strenkert D, Holbrook K, Otegui MS, Khatua K, Das S, Datta A, Chen S, Ramon C, Ralle M, Weber PK, Stemmler TL, Pett-Ridge J, Hoffman BM, Merchant SS. Manganese co-localizes with calcium and phosphorus in Chlamydomonas acidocalcisomes and is mobilized in manganese-deficient conditions. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17626-17641. [PMID: 31527081 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposing cells to excess metal concentrations well beyond the cellular quota is a powerful tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms of metal homeostasis. Such improved understanding may enable bioengineering of organisms with improved nutrition and bioremediation capacity. We report here that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can accumulate manganese (Mn) in proportion to extracellular supply, up to 30-fold greater than its typical quota and with remarkable tolerance. As visualized by X-ray fluorescence microscopy and nanoscale secondary ion MS (nanoSIMS), Mn largely co-localizes with phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca), consistent with the Mn-accumulating site being an acidic vacuole, known as the acidocalcisome. Vacuolar Mn stores are accessible reserves that can be mobilized in Mn-deficient conditions to support algal growth. We noted that Mn accumulation depends on cellular polyphosphate (polyP) content, indicated by 1) a consistent failure of C. reinhardtii vtc1 mutant strains, which are deficient in polyphosphate synthesis, to accumulate Mn and 2) a drastic reduction of the Mn storage capacity in P-deficient cells. Rather surprisingly, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, EPR, and electron nuclear double resonance revealed that only little Mn2+ is stably complexed with polyP, indicating that polyP is not the final Mn ligand. We propose that polyPs are a critical component of Mn accumulation in Chlamydomonas by driving Mn relocation from the cytosol to acidocalcisomes. Within these structures, polyP may, in turn, escort vacuolar Mn to a number of storage ligands, including phosphate and phytate, and other, yet unidentified, compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madeli Castruita
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Patrice A Salomé
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Brianne E Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Stefan R Schmollinger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Daniela Strenkert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kristen Holbrook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Departments of Botany and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Kaustav Khatua
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sayani Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Ankona Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Si Chen
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439
| | - Christina Ramon
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Martina Ralle
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Peter K Weber
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Timothy L Stemmler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Jennifer Pett-Ridge
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Brian M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Sabeeha S Merchant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095 .,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
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26
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Das S, Carmona A, Khatua K, Porcaro F, Somogyi A, Ortega R, Datta A. Manganese Mapping Using a Fluorescent Mn 2+ Sensor and Nanosynchrotron X-ray Fluorescence Reveals the Role of the Golgi Apparatus as a Manganese Storage Site. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:13724-13732. [PMID: 31503472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating dynamics in transition-metal distribution and localization under physiological and pathophysiological conditions is central to our understanding of metal-ion regulation. In this Forum Article, we focus on manganese and specifically recent developments that point to the relevance of the Golgi apparatus in manganese detoxification when this essential metal ion is overaccumulated because of either environmental exposure or mutations in manganese efflux transporters. In order to further evaluate the role of the Golgi apparatus as a manganese-ion storage compartment under subcytotoxic manganese levels, we use a combination of confocal microscopy using a sensitive "turn-on" fluorescent manganese sensor, M1, and nanosynchrotron X-ray fluorescence imaging to show that manganese ions are stored in the Golgi apparatus under micromolar manganese exposure concentrations. Our results, along with previous reports on manganese accumulation, now indicate a central role of the Golgi apparatus in manganese storage and trafficking under subcytotoxic manganese levels and hint toward a possible role of the Golgi apparatus in manganese storage even under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayani Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , 1 Homi Bhabha Road , Colaba, Mumbai 400005 , India
| | - Asuncion Carmona
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation , CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797 , 33175 Gradignan , France.,CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797 , 33175 Gradignan , France
| | - Kaustav Khatua
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , 1 Homi Bhabha Road , Colaba, Mumbai 400005 , India
| | - Francesco Porcaro
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation , CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797 , 33175 Gradignan , France.,CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797 , 33175 Gradignan , France
| | - Andrea Somogyi
- Nanoscopium Synchrotron SOLEIL Saint-Aubin , 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex , France
| | - Richard Ortega
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation , CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797 , 33175 Gradignan , France.,CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797 , 33175 Gradignan , France
| | - Ankona Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , 1 Homi Bhabha Road , Colaba, Mumbai 400005 , India
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27
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Liu JM, Solem C, Jensen PR. Harnessing biocompatible chemistry for developing improved and novel microbial cell factories. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 13:54-66. [PMID: 31386283 PMCID: PMC6922530 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
White biotechnology relies on the sophisticated chemical machinery inside living cells for producing a broad range of useful compounds in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way. However, despite the impressive repertoire of compounds that can be generated using white biotechnology, this approach cannot currently fully replace traditional chemical production, often relying on petroleum as a raw material. One challenge is the limited number of chemical transformations taking place in living organisms. Biocompatible chemistry, that is non‐enzymatic chemical reactions taking place under mild conditions compatible with living organisms, could provide a solution. Biocompatible chemistry is not a novel invention, and has since long been used by living organisms. Examples include Fenton chemistry, used by microorganisms for degrading plant materials, and manganese or ketoacids dependent chemistry used for detoxifying reactive oxygen species. However, harnessing biocompatible chemistry for expanding the chemical repertoire of living cells is a relatively novel approach within white biotechnology, and it could potentially be used for producing valuable compounds which living organisms otherwise are not able to generate. In this mini review, we discuss such applications of biocompatible chemistry, and clarify the potential that lies in using biocompatible chemistry in conjunction with metabolically engineered cell factories for cheap substrate utilization, improved cell physiology, efficient pathway construction and novel chemicals production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Liu
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Solem
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Peter Ruhdal Jensen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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28
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Shuryak I, Tkavc R, Matrosova VY, Volpe RP, Grichenko O, Klimenkova P, Conze IH, Balygina IA, Gaidamakova EK, Daly MJ. Chronic gamma radiation resistance in fungi correlates with resistance to chromium and elevated temperatures, but not with resistance to acute irradiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11361. [PMID: 31388021 PMCID: PMC6684587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to chronic ionizing radiation (CIR) from nuclear power plant accidents, acts of terrorism, and space exploration poses serious threats to humans. Fungi are a group of highly radiation-resistant eukaryotes, and an understanding of fungal CIR resistance mechanisms holds the prospect of protecting humans. We compared the abilities of 95 wild-type yeast and dimorphic fungal isolates, representing diverse Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, to resist exposure to five environmentally-relevant stressors: CIR (long-duration growth under 36 Gy/h) and acute (10 kGy/h) ionizing radiation (IR), heavy metals (chromium, mercury), elevated temperature (up to 50 °C), and low pH (2.3). To quantify associations between resistances to CIR and these other stressors, we used correlation analysis, logistic regression with multi-model inference, and customized machine learning. The results suggest that resistance to acute IR in fungi is not strongly correlated with the ability of a given fungal isolate to grow under CIR. Instead, the strongest predictors of CIR resistance in fungi were resistance to chromium (III) and to elevated temperature. These results suggest fundamental differences between the mechanisms of resistance to chronic and acute radiation. Convergent evolution towards radioresistance among genetically distinct groups of organisms is considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Shuryak
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Rok Tkavc
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vera Y Matrosova
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert P Volpe
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Olga Grichenko
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Polina Klimenkova
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Isabel H Conze
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Irina A Balygina
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena K Gaidamakova
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Daly
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
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29
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Yeast as a Tool for Deeper Understanding of Human Manganese-Related Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10070545. [PMID: 31319631 PMCID: PMC6678438 DOI: 10.3390/genes10070545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological importance of manganese lies in its function as a key cofactor for numerous metalloenzymes and as non-enzymatic antioxidant. Due to these two essential roles, it appears evident that disturbed manganese homeostasis may trigger the development of pathologies in humans. In this context, yeast has been extensively used over the last decades to gain insight into how cells regulate intra-organellar manganese concentrations and how human pathologies may be related to disturbed cellular manganese homeostasis. This review first summarizes how manganese homeostasis is controlled in yeast cells and how this knowledge can be extrapolated to human cells. Several manganese-related pathologies whose molecular mechanisms have been studied in yeast are then presented in the light of the function of this cation as a non-enzymatic antioxidant or as a key cofactor of metalloenzymes. In this line, we first describe the Transmembrane protein 165-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (TMEM165-CDG) and Friedreich ataxia pathologies. Then, due to the established connection between manganese cations and neurodegeneration, the Kufor–Rakeb syndrome and prion-related diseases are finally presented.
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30
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Gupta R, Walvekar AS, Liang S, Rashida Z, Shah P, Laxman S. A tRNA modification balances carbon and nitrogen metabolism by regulating phosphate homeostasis. eLife 2019; 8:e44795. [PMID: 31259691 PMCID: PMC6688859 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells must appropriately sense and integrate multiple metabolic resources to commit to proliferation. Here, we report that S. cerevisiae cells regulate carbon and nitrogen metabolic homeostasis through tRNA U34-thiolation. Despite amino acid sufficiency, tRNA-thiolation deficient cells appear amino acid starved. In these cells, carbon flux towards nucleotide synthesis decreases, and trehalose synthesis increases, resulting in a starvation-like metabolic signature. Thiolation mutants have only minor translation defects. However, in these cells phosphate homeostasis genes are strongly down-regulated, resulting in an effectively phosphate-limited state. Reduced phosphate enforces a metabolic switch, where glucose-6-phosphate is routed towards storage carbohydrates. Notably, trehalose synthesis, which releases phosphate and thereby restores phosphate availability, is central to this metabolic rewiring. Thus, cells use thiolated tRNAs to perceive amino acid sufficiency, balance carbon and amino acid metabolic flux and grow optimally, by controlling phosphate availability. These results further biochemically explain how phosphate availability determines a switch to a 'starvation-state'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Gupta
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)BangaloreIndia
| | - Adhish S Walvekar
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)BangaloreIndia
| | - Shun Liang
- Department of GeneticsRutgers UniversityPiscatawayUnited States
| | - Zeenat Rashida
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)BangaloreIndia
- Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalIndia
| | - Premal Shah
- Department of GeneticsRutgers UniversityPiscatawayUnited States
| | - Sunil Laxman
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)BangaloreIndia
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31
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Rodrigues-Pousada C, Devaux F, Caetano SM, Pimentel C, da Silva S, Cordeiro AC, Amaral C. Yeast AP-1 like transcription factors (Yap) and stress response: a current overview. MICROBIAL CELL 2019; 6:267-285. [PMID: 31172012 PMCID: PMC6545440 DOI: 10.15698/mic2019.06.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Yeast adaptation to stress has been extensively studied. It involves large reprogramming of genome expression operated by many, more or less specific, transcription factors. Here, we review our current knowledge on the function of the eight Yap transcription factors (Yap1 to Yap8) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which were shown to be involved in various stress responses. More precisely, Yap1 is activated under oxidative stress, Yap2/Cad1 under cadmium, Yap4/Cin5 and Yap6 under osmotic shock, Yap5 under iron overload and Yap8/Arr1 by arsenic compounds. Yap3 and Yap7 seem to be involved in hydroquinone and nitrosative stresses, respectively. The data presented in this article illustrate how much knowledge on the function of these Yap transcription factors is advanced. The evolution of the Yap family and its roles in various pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungal species is discussed in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudina Rodrigues-Pousada
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Anónio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, EAN, Oeiras 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Frédéric Devaux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Soraia M Caetano
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Anónio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, EAN, Oeiras 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pimentel
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Anónio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, EAN, Oeiras 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sofia da Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Anónio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, EAN, Oeiras 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Carolina Cordeiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Anónio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, EAN, Oeiras 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Catarina Amaral
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica Anónio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, EAN, Oeiras 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
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32
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Wang Y, Wang X, Zhang K, Wang X, Xin X, Fan W, Dai F, Han Y, Sun D. Solvent-induced terbium metal–organic frameworks for highly selective detection of manganese(ii) ions. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2569-2573. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00006b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A pair of Tb framework isomers (UPC-36 and UPC-37) is obtained. 2D layer UPC-37 exhibits higher sensitivity and extra selectivity for the detection of Mn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Kailiang Zhang
- Shandong Product Quality Inspection Research Institute
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Xin
- College of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
| | - Weidong Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Fangna Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Yinfeng Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University Tai'an
- Shandong 271021
- P. R. China
| | - Daofeng Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
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33
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Das S, Khatua K, Rakshit A, Carmona A, Sarkar A, Bakthavatsalam S, Ortega R, Datta A. Emerging chemical tools and techniques for tracking biological manganese. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7047-7061. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00508k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This frontier article discusses chemical tools and techniques for tracking and imaging Mn ions in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayani Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Colaba
- India
| | - Kaustav Khatua
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Colaba
- India
| | - Ananya Rakshit
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Colaba
- India
| | - Asuncion Carmona
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation
- CENBG
- University of Bordeaux
- UMR 5797
- 33175 Gradignan
| | - Anindita Sarkar
- Department of Biological Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | | | - Richard Ortega
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation
- CENBG
- University of Bordeaux
- UMR 5797
- 33175 Gradignan
| | - Ankona Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Colaba
- India
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34
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Stulić V, Vukušić T, Butorac A, Popović D, Herceg Z. Proteomic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae response to plasma treatment. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 292:171-183. [PMID: 30639916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Food safety is one of the main issues for the food industry. Regarding the increased reports of food-associated infections new non-thermal technologies are rapidly developing and improving. The aim of this research was to define the inactivation, recovery and stress response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508 cells after the treatment by high voltage gas phase plasma and liquid phase plasma discharges in bubbles. Variations of the plasma frequency (60, 90 and 120 Hz), input gas (air or argon) and processing time (5 and 10 min) have been used to define plasma effects on S. cerevisiae cells. Complete inactivation's by liquid plasma in bubbles were determined as well as recovery of treated samples. Transmission electron microscopy figures showed cells with the normal cell shape and intact inner and outer membrane after the plasma treatments. Proteomic analyses indicated overexpressed proteins which contributed in cell defense mechanisms to overcome stress conditions. S. cerevisiae ATCC 204508 cells were under the stress, but with the proven ability to recover its metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Višnja Stulić
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislava Vukušić
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ana Butorac
- BioCentre Ltd., Borongajska street 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dean Popović
- Institute of Physics Zagreb, Bijenička street 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Herceg
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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35
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Peana M, Chasapis CT, Simula G, Medici S, Zoroddu MA. A Model for Manganese interaction with Deinococcus radiodurans proteome network involved in ROS response and defense. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:465-473. [PMID: 29449107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A complex network of regulatory proteins takes part in the mechanism underlying the radioresistance of Deinoccocus radiodurans bacterium (DR). The interaction of Mn(II) ions with DR-proteins and peptides seems to be responsible for proteins protection from oxidative damage induced by Reactive Oxygen Species during irradiation. In the present work we describe a combined approach of bioinformatic strategies based on structural data and annotation to predict the Mn(II)-binding proteins encoded by the genome of DR and, in parallel, the same predictions for other bacteria were performed; the comparison revealed that, in most of the cases, the content of Mn(II)-binding proteins is significantly higher in radioresistant than in radiosensitive bacteria. Moreover, we report the in silico protein-protein interaction network of the putative Mn(II)-proteins, remodeled in order to enhance the knowledge about the impact of Mn-binding proteins in DR ability to protect also DNA from various damaging agents such as ionizing radiation, UV radiation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - C T Chasapis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas (FORTH), 26504, Patras, Greece.
| | - G Simula
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - S Medici
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - M A Zoroddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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36
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Moore MJ, Wofford JD, Dancis A, Lindahl PA. Recovery of mrs3Δmrs4Δ Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells under Iron-Sufficient Conditions and the Role of Fe 580. Biochemistry 2018; 57:672-683. [PMID: 29228768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mrs3 and Mrs4 are mitochondrial inner membrane proteins that deliver an unidentified cytosolic iron species into the matrix for use in iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) and heme biosynthesis. The Mrs3/4 double-deletion strain (ΔΔ) grew slowly in iron-deficient glycerol/ethanol medium but recovered to wild-type (WT) rates in iron-sufficient medium. ΔΔ cells grown under both iron-deficient and iron-sufficient respiring conditions acquired large amounts of iron relative to WT cells, indicating iron homeostatic dysregulation regardless of nutrient iron status. Biophysical spectroscopy (including Mössbauer, electron paramagnetic resonance, and electronic absorption) and bioanalytical methods (liquid chromatography with online inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection) were used to characterize these phenotypes. Anaerobically isolated mitochondria contained a labile iron pool composed of a nonheme high-spin FeII complex with primarily O and N donor ligands, called Fe580. Fe580 likely serves as feedstock for ISC and heme biosynthesis. Mitochondria from respiring ΔΔ cells grown under iron-deficient conditions were devoid of Fe580, ISCs, and hemes; most iron was present as FeIII nanoparticles. O2 likely penetrates the matrix of slow-growing poorly respiring iron-deficient ΔΔ cells and reacts with Fe580 to form nanoparticles, thereby inhibiting ISC and heme biosynthesis. Mitochondria from iron-sufficient ΔΔ cells contained ISCs, hemes, and Fe580 at concentrations comparable to those of WT mitochondria. The matrix of these mutant cells was probably sufficiently anaerobic to protect Fe580 from degradation by O2. An ∼1100 Da manganese complex, an ∼1200 Da zinc complex, and an ∼5000 Da copper species were also present in ΔΔ and WT mitochondrial flow-through solutions. No lower-mass copper complex was evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Joshua D Wofford
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Andrew Dancis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Paul A Lindahl
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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37
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Alejandro S, Cailliatte R, Alcon C, Dirick L, Domergue F, Correia D, Castaings L, Briat JF, Mari S, Curie C. Intracellular Distribution of Manganese by the Trans-Golgi Network Transporter NRAMP2 Is Critical for Photosynthesis and Cellular Redox Homeostasis. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:3068-3084. [PMID: 29180598 PMCID: PMC5757278 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants require trace levels of manganese (Mn) for survival, as it is an essential cofactor in oxygen metabolism, especially O2 production via photosynthesis and the disposal of superoxide radicals. These processes occur in specialized organelles, requiring membrane-bound intracellular transporters to partition Mn between cell compartments. We identified an Arabidopsis thaliana member of the NRAMP family of divalent metal transporters, NRAMP2, which functions in the intracellular distribution of Mn. Two knockdown alleles of NRAMP2 showed decreased activity of photosystem II and increased oxidative stress under Mn-deficient conditions, yet total Mn content remained unchanged. At the subcellular level, these phenotypes were associated with a loss of Mn content in vacuoles and chloroplasts. NRAMP2 was able to rescue the mitochondrial yeast mutant mtm1∆ In plants, NRAMP2 is a resident protein of the trans-Golgi network. NRAMP2 may act indirectly on downstream organelles by building up a cytosolic pool that is used to feed target compartments. Moreover, not only does the nramp2 mutant accumulate superoxide ions, but NRAMP2 can functionally replace cytosolic superoxide dismutase in yeast, indicating that the pool of Mn displaced by NRAMP2 is required for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alejandro
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Rémy Cailliatte
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Carine Alcon
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Léon Dirick
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Domergue
- Laboratoire de Biogénèse Membranaire CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - David Correia
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Loren Castaings
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Briat
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Mari
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Curie
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
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38
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Novel biomimetic enzyme for sensitive detection of superoxide anions. Talanta 2017; 174:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Across the tree of life, radiation resistance is governed by antioxidant Mn 2+, gauged by paramagnetic resonance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E9253-E9260. [PMID: 29042516 PMCID: PMC5676931 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1713608114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite concerted functional genomic efforts to understand the complex phenotype of ionizing radiation (IR) resistance, a genome sequence cannot predict whether a cell is IR-resistant or not. Instead, we report that absorption-display electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of nonirradiated cells is highly diagnostic of IR survival and repair efficiency of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) caused by exposure to gamma radiation across archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes, including fungi and human cells. IR-resistant cells, which are efficient at DSB repair, contain a high cellular content of manganous ions (Mn2+) in high-symmetry (H) antioxidant complexes with small metabolites (e.g., orthophosphate, peptides), which exhibit narrow EPR signals (small zero-field splitting). In contrast, Mn2+ ions in IR-sensitive cells, which are inefficient at DSB repair, exist largely as low-symmetry (L) complexes with substantially broadened spectra seen with enzymes and strongly chelating ligands. The fraction of cellular Mn2+ present as H-complexes (H-Mn2+), as measured by EPR of live, nonirradiated Mn-replete cells, is now the strongest known gauge of biological IR resistance between and within organisms representing all three domains of life: Antioxidant H-Mn2+ complexes, not antioxidant enzymes (e.g., Mn superoxide dismutase), govern IR survival. As the pool of intracellular metabolites needed to form H-Mn2+ complexes depends on the nutritional status of the cell, we conclude that IR resistance is predominantly a metabolic phenomenon. In a cross-kingdom analysis, the vast differences in taxonomic classification, genome size, and radioresistance between cell types studied here support that IR resistance is not controlled by the repertoire of DNA repair and antioxidant enzymes.
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Acylation of Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) at K122 Governs SOD1-Mediated Inhibition of Mitochondrial Respiration. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00354-17. [PMID: 28739857 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00354-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we employed proteomics to identify mechanisms of posttranslational regulation on cell survival signaling proteins. We focused on Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which protects cells from oxidative stress. We found that acylation of K122 on SOD1, while not impacting SOD1 catalytic activity, suppressed the ability of SOD1 to inhibit mitochondrial metabolism at respiratory complex I. We found that deacylase depletion increased K122 acylation on SOD1, which blocked the suppression of respiration in a K122-dependent manner. In addition, we found that acyl-mimicking mutations at K122 decreased SOD1 accumulation in mitochondria, initially hinting that SOD1 may inhibit respiration directly within the intermembrane space (IMS). However, surprisingly, we found that forcing the K122 acyl mutants into the mitochondria with an IMS-targeting tag did not recover their ability to suppress respiration. Moreover, we found that suppressing or boosting respiration levels toggled SOD1 in or out of the mitochondria, respectively. These findings place SOD1-mediated inhibition of respiration upstream of its mitochondrial localization. Lastly, deletion-rescue experiments show that a respiration-defective mutant of SOD1 is also impaired in its ability to rescue cells from toxicity caused by SOD1 deletion. Together, these data suggest a previously unknown interplay between SOD1 acylation, metabolic regulation, and SOD1-mediated cell survival.
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41
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Jung KW, Lim S, Bahn YS. Microbial radiation-resistance mechanisms. J Microbiol 2017; 55:499-507. [PMID: 28664512 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-017-7242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Organisms living in extreme environments have evolved a wide range of survival strategies by changing biochemical and physiological features depending on their biological niches. Interestingly, organisms exhibiting high radiation resistance have been discovered in the three domains of life (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya), even though a naturally radiationintensive environment has not been found. To counteract the deleterious effects caused by radiation exposure, radiation- resistant organisms employ a series of defensive systems, such as changes in intracellular cation concentration, excellent DNA repair systems, and efficient enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Here, we overview past and recent findings about radiation-resistance mechanisms in the three domains of life for potential usage of such radiationresistant microbes in the biotechnology industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Woo Jung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Lim
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Sun Bahn
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Phosphate is the third nutrient monitored by TOR in Candida albicans and provides a target for fungal-specific indirect TOR inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:6346-6351. [PMID: 28566496 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1617799114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway regulates morphogenesis and responses to host cells in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans Eukaryotic Target of Rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) induces growth and proliferation in response to nitrogen and carbon source availability. Our unbiased genetic approach seeking unknown components of TORC1 signaling in C. albicans revealed that the phosphate transporter Pho84 is required for normal TORC1 activity. We found that mutants in PHO84 are hypersensitive to rapamycin and in response to phosphate feeding, generate less phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (P-S6) than the WT. The small GTPase Gtr1, a component of the TORC1-activating EGO complex, links Pho84 to TORC1. Mutants in Gtr1 but not in another TORC1-activating GTPase, Rhb1, are defective in the P-S6 response to phosphate. Overexpression of Gtr1 and a constitutively active Gtr1Q67L mutant suppresses TORC1-related defects. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae pho84 mutants, constitutively active Gtr1 suppresses a TORC1 signaling defect but does not rescue rapamycin hypersensitivity. Hence, connections from phosphate homeostasis (PHO) to TORC1 may differ between C. albicans and S. cerevisiae The converse direction of signaling from TORC1 to the PHO regulon previously observed in S. cerevisiae was genetically shown in C. albicans using conditional TOR1 alleles. A small molecule inhibitor of Pho84, a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, inhibits TORC1 signaling and potentiates the activity of the antifungals amphotericin B and micafungin. Anabolic TORC1-dependent processes require significant amounts of phosphate. Our study shows that phosphate availability is monitored and also controlled by TORC1 and that TORC1 can be indirectly targeted by inhibiting Pho84.
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Quiñone D, Veiga N, Torres J, Bazzicalupi C, Bianchi A, Kremer C. Self-Assembly of Manganese(II)-Phytate Coordination Polymers: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Physicochemical Properties. Chempluschem 2017; 82:721-731. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delfina Quiñone
- Departamento Estrella Campos; Facultad de Química; Universidad de la República; General Flores 2124 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Nicolás Veiga
- Departamento Estrella Campos; Facultad de Química; Universidad de la República; General Flores 2124 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Julia Torres
- Departamento Estrella Campos; Facultad de Química; Universidad de la República; General Flores 2124 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Carla Bazzicalupi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”; Universitá degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia, 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Antonio Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”; Universitá degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia, 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Carlos Kremer
- Departamento Estrella Campos; Facultad de Química; Universidad de la República; General Flores 2124 Montevideo Uruguay
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44
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Mathieu E, Bernard AS, Delsuc N, Quévrain E, Gazzah G, Lai B, Chain F, Langella P, Bachelet M, Masliah J, Seksik P, Policar C. A Cell-Penetrant Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) Mimic Is Able To Complement MnSOD and Exerts an Antiinflammatory Effect on Cellular and Animal Models of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2545-2555. [PMID: 28198622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic complexes are increasingly used for biological and medicinal applications, and the question of the cell penetration and distribution of metallodrugs is key to understanding their biological activity. Oxidative stress is known to be involved in inflammation and in inflammatory bowel diseases for which antioxidative defenses are weakened. We report here the study of the manganese complex Mn1 mimicking superoxide dismutase (SOD), a protein involved in cell protection against oxidative stress, using an approach in inorganic cellular chemistry combining the investigation of Mn1 intracellular speciation using mass spectrometry and of its quantification and distribution using electron paramagnetic resonance and spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence with evaluation of its biological activity. More precisely, we have looked for and found the MS signature of Mn1 in cell lysates and quantified the overall manganese content. Intestinal epithelial cells activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide were taken as a cellular model of oxidative stress and inflammation. DNBS-induced colitis in mice was used to investigate Mn1 activity in vivo. Mn1 exerts an intracellular antiinflammatory activity, remains at least partially coordinated, with diffuse distribution over the whole cell, and functionally complements mitochondrial MnSOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Mathieu
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bernard
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Delsuc
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Elodie Quévrain
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Gazzah
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Barry Lai
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Florian Chain
- Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Maria Bachelet
- Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 - Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University - CNRS, INSERM, APHP, INRA, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 27 rue de Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France.,Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Joelle Masliah
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 - Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University - CNRS, INSERM, APHP, INRA, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 27 rue de Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Seksik
- Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06 - Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University - CNRS, INSERM, APHP, INRA, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 27 rue de Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France.,Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Clotilde Policar
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolecules (LBM), 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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Horitani M, Offenbacher AR, Carr CAM, Yu T, Hoeke V, Cutsail GE, Hammes-Schiffer S, Klinman JP, Hoffman BM. 13C ENDOR Spectroscopy of Lipoxygenase-Substrate Complexes Reveals the Structural Basis for C-H Activation by Tunneling. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1984-1997. [PMID: 28121140 PMCID: PMC5322796 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In enzymatic C-H activation by hydrogen tunneling, reduced barrier width is important for efficient hydrogen wave function overlap during catalysis. For native enzymes displaying nonadiabatic tunneling, the dominant reactive hydrogen donor-acceptor distance (DAD) is typically ca. 2.7 Å, considerably shorter than normal van der Waals distances. Without a ground state substrate-bound structure for the prototypical nonadiabatic tunneling system, soybean lipoxygenase (SLO), it has remained unclear whether the requisite close tunneling distance occurs through an unusual ground state active site arrangement or by thermally sampling conformational substates. Herein, we introduce Mn2+ as a spin-probe surrogate for the SLO Fe ion; X-ray diffraction shows Mn-SLO is structurally faithful to the native enzyme. 13C ENDOR then reveals the locations of 13C10 and reactive 13C11 of linoleic acid relative to the metal; 1H ENDOR and molecular dynamics simulations of the fully solvated SLO model using ENDOR-derived restraints give additional metrical information. The resulting three-dimensional representation of the SLO active site ground state contains a reactive (a) conformer with hydrogen DAD of ∼3.1 Å, approximately van der Waals contact, plus an inactive (b) conformer with even longer DAD, establishing that stochastic conformational sampling is required to achieve reactive tunneling geometries. Tunneling-impaired SLO variants show increased DADs and variations in substrate positioning and rigidity, confirming previous kinetic and theoretical predictions of such behavior. Overall, this investigation highlights the (i) predictive power of nonadiabatic quantum treatments of proton-coupled electron transfer in SLO and (ii) sensitivity of ENDOR probes to test, detect, and corroborate kinetically predicted trends in active site reactivity and to reveal unexpected features of active site architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Horitani
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Adam R. Offenbacher
- Department of Chemistry and California Institute for Quantitative
Biosciences (QB3), Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Cody A. Marcus Carr
- Department of Chemistry and California Institute for Quantitative
Biosciences (QB3), Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tao Yu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Veronika Hoeke
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sharon Hammes-Schiffer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Judith P. Klinman
- Department of Chemistry and California Institute for Quantitative
Biosciences (QB3), Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Brian M. Hoffman
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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46
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Peana M, Medici S, Pangburn HA, Lamkin TJ, Ostrowska M, Gumienna-Kontecka E, Zoroddu MA. Manganese binding to antioxidant peptides involved in extreme radiation resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 164:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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47
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48
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Doucette KA, Hassell KN, Crans DC. Selective speciation improves efficacy and lowers toxicity of platinum anticancer and vanadium antidiabetic drugs. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 165:56-70. [PMID: 27751591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Improving efficacy and lowering resistance to metal-based drugs can be addressed by consideration of the coordination complex speciation and key reactions important to vanadium antidiabetic drugs or platinum anticancer drugs under biological conditions. The methods of analyses vary depending on the specific metal ion chemistry. The vanadium compounds interconvert readily, whereas the reactions of the platinum compounds are much slower and thus much easier to study. However, the vanadium species are readily differentiated due to vanadium complexes differing in color. For both vanadium and platinum systems, understanding the processes as the compounds, Lipoplatin and Satraplatin, enter cells is needed to better combat the disease; there are many cellular metabolites, which may affect processing and thus the efficacy of the drugs. Examples of two formulations of platinum compounds illustrate how changing the chemistry of the platinum will result in less toxic and better tolerated drugs. The consequence of the much lower toxicity of the drug, can be readily realized because cisplatin administration requires hospital stay whereas Lipoplatin can be done in an outpatient manner. Similarly, the properties of Satraplatin allow for development of an oral drug. These forms of platinum demonstrate that the direct consequence of more selective speciation is lower side effects and cheaper administration of the anticancer agent. Therefore we urge that as the community goes forward in development of new drugs, control of speciation chemistry will be considered as one of the key strategies in the future development of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin A Doucette
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kelly N Hassell
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Debbie C Crans
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Dept. Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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49
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Grygo-Szymanko E, Tobiasz A, Walas S. Speciation analysis and fractionation of manganese: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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50
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Adhikari S, Ghosh A, Sahana A, Guria S, Das D. Tailoring Ligand Environment toward Development of Colorimetric and Fluorescence Indicator for Biological Mn(II) Imaging. Anal Chem 2015; 88:1106-10. [PMID: 26654446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Adhikari
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
| | - Avijit Ghosh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
| | - Animesh Sahana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajit Guria
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, West Bengal, India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India
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