1
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Skrodzki D, Molinaro M, Brown R, Moitra P, Pan D. Synthesis and Bioapplication of Emerging Nanomaterials of Hafnium. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1289-1324. [PMID: 38166377 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
A significant amount of progress in nanotechnology has been made due to the development of engineered nanoparticles. The use of metallic nanoparticles for various biomedical applications has been extensively investigated. Biomedical research is highly focused on them because of their inert nature, nanoscale structure, and similar size to many biological molecules. The intrinsic characteristics of these particles, including electronic, optical, physicochemical, and surface plasmon resonance, that can be altered by altering their size, shape, environment, aspect ratio, ease of synthesis, and functionalization properties, have led to numerous biomedical applications. Targeted drug delivery, sensing, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, and imaging are some of these. The promising clinical results of NBTXR3, a high-Z radiosensitizing nanomaterial derived from hafnium, have demonstrated translational potential of this metal. This radiosensitization approach leverages the dependence of energy attenuation on atomic number to enhance energy-matter interactions conducive to radiation therapy. High-Z nanoparticle localization in tumor issue differentially increases the effect of ionizing radiation on cancer cells versus nearby healthy ones and mitigates adverse effects by reducing the overall radiation burden. This principle enables material multifunctionality as contrast agents in X-ray-based imaging. The physiochemical properties of hafnium (Z = 72) are particularly advantageous for these applications. A well-placed K-edge absorption energy and high mass attenuation coefficient compared to elements in human tissue across clinical energy ranges leads to significant attenuation. Chemical reactivity allows for variety in nanoparticle synthesis, composition, and functionalization. Nanoparticles such as hafnium oxide exhibit excellent biocompatibility due to physiochemical inertness prior to incidence with ionizing radiation. Additionally, the optical and electronic properties are applicable in biosensing, optical component coatings, and semiconductors. The wide interest has prompted extensive research in design and synthesis to facilitate property fine-tuning. This review summarizes synthetic methods for hafnium-based nanomaterials and applications in therapy, imaging, and biosensing with a mechanistic focus. A discussion and future perspective section highlights clinical progress and elaborates on current challenges. By focusing on factors impacting applicational effectiveness and examining limitations this review aims to support researchers and expedite clinical translation of future hafnium-based nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Skrodzki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Matthew Molinaro
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Richard Brown
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, 101 Huck Life Sciences Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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2
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Zhou J, Jia S, Hu X, Wang E, Xue X, Wu Y, Wang J, Dorn A, Ren X. Intermolecular Charge Transfer Induced Fragmentation of Formic Acid Dimers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:233001. [PMID: 37354420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.233001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the intermolecular nonradiative charge transfer process in a double hydrogen-bonded formic acid (FA) dimer, initiated by electron-collision induced double ionization of one FA molecule. Through fragment ions and electron coincident momentum measurements and ab initio calculations, we obtain direct evidence that electron transfer from the neighboring FA molecule to fill one of the two vacancies occurs by a potential energy curve crossing of FA^{++}+FA with FA^{+}+FA^{+*} curves, forming an electronic excited state of dicationic dimers. This process causes the breaking of two hydrogen bonds and subsequently the cleavage of C─H and C─O covalent bonds in the dimers, which is expected to be a general phenomenon occurring in molecular complexes and can have important implications for radiation damage to biological matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhou
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shaokui Jia
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Enliang Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaorui Xue
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Alexander Dorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xueguang Ren
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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3
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Hu Z, Deng ZY, Feng HJ. Stretching effects on non-adiabatic electron dynamic behavior in poly(dG)-poly(dC) DNA upon the proton irradiation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:285101. [PMID: 37040786 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/accbfa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The electronic excitations caused by DNA when exposed to ion radiation is essential to DNA damage. In this paper, we investigated the energy deposition and electron excitation process of DNA with reasonable stretching range upon proton irradiation based on time-dependent density functional theory. Stretching changes the strength of hydrogen bonding between the DNA base pairs, which in turn affects the Coulomb interaction between the projectile and DNA. As a semi-flexible molecule, the way of energy deposition is weakly sensitive to the stretching rate of DNA. However, the increase of stretching rate causes the increase of charge density along the trajectory channel, sequentially resulting in an increase in proton resistance along the intruding channel. The Mulliken charge analysis indicates that the guanine base and guanine ribose are ionized, meanwhile the cytosine base and cytosine ribose are reduced at all stretching rates. In a few femtoseconds, there exists an electron flow passing through the guanine ribose, guanine, cytosine base and the cytosine ribose in turn. This electron flow increases electron transfer and DNA ionization, promoting the side chain damage of the DNA upon ion irradiation. Our results provide a theoretical insight for deciphering the physical mechanism of the early stage of the irradiation process, and are also of great significance for the study of particle beam cancer therapy in different biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Hu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Zun-Yi Deng
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jian Feng
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, People's Republic of China
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4
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Borràs VJ, González-Vázquez J, Argenti L, Martín F. Attosecond photoionization delays in the vicinity of molecular Feshbach resonances. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade3855. [PMID: 37043566 PMCID: PMC10096576 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Temporal delays extracted from photoionization phases are currently determined with attosecond resolution by using interferometric methods. Such methods require special care when photoionization occurs near Feshbach resonances due to the interference between direct ionization and autoionization. Although theory can accurately handle these interferences in atoms, in molecules, it has to face an additional, so far insurmountable problem: Autoionization is slow, and nuclei move substantially while it happens, i.e., electronic and nuclear motions are coupled. Here, we present a theoretical framework to account for this effect and apply it to evaluate time-resolved and vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra and photoionization phases of N2 irradiated by a combination of an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulse train and an infrared pulse. We show that Feshbach resonances lead to unusual non-Franck-Condon vibrational progressions and to ionization phases that strongly vary with photoelectron energy irrespective of the vibrational state of the remaining molecular cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicent J. Borràs
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús González-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luca Argenti
- Department of Physics and CREOL, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32186, USA
| | - Fernando Martín
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nano), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Multipollutant Abatement through Visible Photocatalytic System. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Water pollution damages the aquatic environment due to the presence of organic contaminants, which in turn is distressing to the ecosystem. Photocatalytic activity is a greener and promising method to degrade these organic contaminants. In this research, we present the degradation of diverse water pollutants through zinc/iron oxide nanoparticles serving as photocatalysts. The photocatalyst was studied for its efficiency to photodegrade congo red, brilliant green and para nitro phenol. Moreover, it also presented an antibacterial activity against the bacterium E. coli. Photocatalyst was characterized via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Tauc plot was used to measure the optical band gap (1.84 eV). The effect of various parameters such as catalyst dose, contact time, dye dose/concentration and pH were also investigated to determine the optimum point of maximum degradation through response surface methodology. A face-centered composite design was used, and a quadratic model was followed by congo red, brilliant green dyes and para nitrophenol. The maximum photodegradation efficiencies were 99%, 94.3%, and 78.5% for congo red, brilliant green and phenol, respectively. Quantum yield for congo red, brilliant green and para-nitrophenol were 9.62 × 10−8, 1.17 × 10−7 and 4.11 × 10−7 molecules/photons, while the reaction rates were 27.1 µmolg−1h−1, 29.61 µmolg−1h−1 and 231 µmolg−1h−1, respectively.
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6
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Dixit SJN, Chacko S, Manna B, Agarwal N. Ultrafast Dynamics of Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Bay-Aryl-Substituted Perylene Diimide Derivatives. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:5908-5919. [PMID: 35894852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Blends of donors and acceptors have been widely used in bulk-heterojunction solar cells to have exciton formation and charge separation by photoinduced electron transfer (PET). In this work, we have synthesized perylene diimide (PDI)-based materials having different aryl substituents at the bay positions (4-Anisyl-PDI, CBZ-N-Ph-PDI, and 4-Pyridyl-PDI) to understand the excited-state dynamics of electron transfer. The detailed photophysics was studied using steady-state as well as ultrafast dynamics of the excited states in different solvents. CBZ-N-Ph-PDI showed tremendous effects of the solvent on the electronic properties compared with the other two derivatives. The emission quantum yield of CBZ-N-Ph-PDI decreases drastically in dichloromethane and other polar solvents, indicating strong electron transfer. DFT calculations showed that in CBZ-N-Ph-PDI the HOMO is centered mostly on the N-phenylcarbazole and the LUMO is on the electron-poor PDI moieties. In addition, the energy levels of the HOMO and HOMO-1 in CBZ-N-Ph-PDI are estimated to be identical. The free energy change for charge separation (ΔGCS) was calculated using electrochemical and photophysical data and found to be negative for CBZ-N-Ph-PDI. The ground- and excited-state dipole moment ratios suggest that the excited state of 4-Pyridyl-PDI (1.90) is less polar than that of 4-Anisyl-PDI (3.67), which provides an idea of the lower possibility of charge separation in 4-Anisyl-PDI and 4-Pyridyl-PDI. Ultrafast photodynamics studies of 4-Anisyl-PDI, CBZ-N-Ph-PDI, and 4-Pyridyl-PDI showed fast electron transfer only in CBZ-N-Ph-PDI and not in the other PDI derivatives. It was also observed that electron transfer is faster in DCM and THF than in toluene. Ultrafast dynamics studies showed the presence of an equilibrium between electron transfer and decay from the singlet excited state. Ultrafast studies also showed the features of the N-phenylcarbazole cation and PDI anion, further confirming the intramolecular electron transfer in CBZ-N-Ph-PDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati J N Dixit
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Sajeev Chacko
- Department of Physics, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Biswajit Manna
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
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7
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Xu L, Zhou B, Song Y, Cai X, Lu W. Electron-Transfer Study and Single Nucleotide Discrimination of a DNA Sequence on a Polymer Gold Electrode (PGE) by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2035390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Xu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Binyu Zhou
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the People's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaling Song
- Zhejiang GeneX Precision Medicine Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xu Cai
- Department of Songbei Respiratory Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Zhejiang GeneX Precision Medicine Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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8
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Hans A, Schmidt P, Küstner-Wetekam C, Trinter F, Deinert S, Bloß D, Viehmann JH, Schaf R, Gerstel M, Saak CM, Buck J, Klumpp S, Hartmann G, Cederbaum LS, Kryzhevoi NV, Knie A. Suppression of X-ray-Induced Radiation Damage to Biomolecules in Aqueous Environments by Immediate Intermolecular Decay of Inner-Shell Vacancies. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7146-7150. [PMID: 34297572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The predominant reason for the damaging power of high-energy radiation is multiple ionization of a molecule, either direct or via the decay of highly excited intermediates, as, e.g., in the case of X-ray irradiation. Consequently, the molecule is irreparably damaged by the subsequent fragmentation in a Coulomb explosion. In an aqueous environment, however, it has been observed that irradiated molecules may be saved from fragmentation presumably by charge and energy dissipation mechanisms. Here, we show that the protective effect of the environment sets in even earlier than hitherto expected, namely immediately after single inner-shell ionization. By combining coincidence measurements of the fragmentation of X-ray-irradiated microsolvated pyrimidine molecules with theoretical calculations, we identify direct intermolecular electronic decay as the protective mechanism, outrunning the usually dominant Auger decay. Our results demonstrate that such processes play a key role in charge delocalization and have to be considered in investigations and models on high-energy radiation damage in realistic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hans
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Philipp Schmidt
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Catmarna Küstner-Wetekam
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Florian Trinter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Deinert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dana Bloß
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Johannes H Viehmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schaf
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Miriam Gerstel
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Clara M Saak
- Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Buck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Klumpp
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gregor Hartmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB), Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - André Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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9
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Gao Y, Zheng Y, Sanche L. Low-Energy Electron Damage to Condensed-Phase DNA and Its Constituents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7879. [PMID: 34360644 PMCID: PMC8345953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex physical and chemical reactions between the large number of low-energy (0-30 eV) electrons (LEEs) released by high energy radiation interacting with genetic material can lead to the formation of various DNA lesions such as crosslinks, single strand breaks, base modifications, and cleavage, as well as double strand breaks and other cluster damages. When crosslinks and cluster damages cannot be repaired by the cell, they can cause genetic loss of information, mutations, apoptosis, and promote genomic instability. Through the efforts of many research groups in the past two decades, the study of the interaction between LEEs and DNA under different experimental conditions has unveiled some of the main mechanisms responsible for these damages. In the present review, we focus on experimental investigations in the condensed phase that range from fundamental DNA constituents to oligonucleotides, synthetic duplex DNA, and bacterial (i.e., plasmid) DNA. These targets were irradiated either with LEEs from a monoenergetic-electron or photoelectron source, as sub-monolayer, monolayer, or multilayer films and within clusters or water solutions. Each type of experiment is briefly described, and the observed DNA damages are reported, along with the proposed mechanisms. Defining the role of LEEs within the sequence of events leading to radiobiological lesions contributes to our understanding of the action of radiation on living organisms, over a wide range of initial radiation energies. Applications of the interaction of LEEs with DNA to radiotherapy are briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
| | - Léon Sanche
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie et Centre de Recherche Clinique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
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10
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Hahn MB, Dietrich PM, Radnik J. In situ monitoring of the influence of water on DNA radiation damage by near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Commun Chem 2021; 4:50. [PMID: 36697687 PMCID: PMC9814248 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation damage to DNA plays a fundamental role in cancer therapy. X-ray photoelectron-spectroscopy (XPS) allows simultaneous irradiation and damage monitoring. Although water radiolysis is essential for radiation damage, all previous XPS studies were performed in vacuum. Here we present near-ambient-pressure XPS experiments to directly measure DNA damage under water atmosphere. They permit in-situ monitoring of the effects of radicals on fully hydrated double-stranded DNA. The results allow us to distinguish direct damage, by photons and secondary low-energy electrons (LEE), from damage by hydroxyl radicals or hydration induced modifications of damage pathways. The exposure of dry DNA to x-rays leads to strand-breaks at the sugar-phosphate backbone, while deoxyribose and nucleobases are less affected. In contrast, a strong increase of DNA damage is observed in water, where OH-radicals are produced. In consequence, base damage and base release become predominant, even though the number of strand-breaks increases further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Benjamin Hahn
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.71566.330000 0004 0603 5458Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Radnik
- grid.71566.330000 0004 0603 5458Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Berlin, Germany
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11
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New combination chemotherapy of cisplatin with an electron-donating compound for treatment of multiple cancers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:788. [PMID: 33436996 PMCID: PMC7804005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is the first and most widely used platinum-based chemotherapy drug and is the cornerstone agent in treating a broad spectrum of cancers. However, its clinical application is often limited by severe toxic side effects and drug resistance. Based on the discovered dissociative electron transfer mechanism of cisplatin, a novel combination of cisplatin with [9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-diethylamino-3-xanthenylidene]-diethylammonium chloride (basic violet 10, BV10) is proposed to potentiate the chemotherapeutic effect of cisplatin. Here, we show that this combination enhances the anti-cancer effect of cisplatin in both in vitro cell lines and in vivo xenograft mouse models of cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant lung, ovarian and cervical cancers while introducing minimal additional toxic side effects. Furthermore, femtosecond time-resolved laser spectroscopic measurements demonstrate that cisplatin reacts with BV10 via an electron transfer mechanism. These results indicate that the combination of cisplatin with BV10 is promising for improving the chemotherapy of cancers with various extents of cisplatin resistance.
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12
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Luxford TFM, Pshenichnyuk SA, Asfandiarov NL, Perečko T, Falk M, Kočišek J. 5-Nitro-2,4-Dichloropyrimidine as an Universal Model for Low-Energy Electron Processes Relevant for Radiosensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218173. [PMID: 33142925 PMCID: PMC7662275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We report experimental results of low-energy electron interactions with.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F. M. Luxford
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Stanislav A. Pshenichnyuk
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics UFRC RAS, October Avenue 151, 450075 Ufa, Russia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (M.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Nail L. Asfandiarov
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics UFRC RAS, October Avenue 151, 450075 Ufa, Russia;
| | - Tomáš Perečko
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Martin Falk
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (M.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Jaroslav Kočišek
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (M.F.); (J.K.)
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13
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Zhou R, Liu X, Wu Y, Xiang H, Cao J, Li Y, Yin W, Zu Y, Li J, Liu R, Zhao F, Liu Z, Chen C, Gu Z, Yan L, Zhao Y. Suppressing the Radiation-Induced Corrosion of Bismuth Nanoparticles for Enhanced Synergistic Cancer Radiophototherapy. ACS NANO 2020; 14:13016-13029. [PMID: 32898419 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The level of tumor killing by bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) as radiosensitizers depends strongly on the powerful particle-matter interaction. However, this same radiation leads to the structural damage in BiNPs, consequently weakening their specific physicochemical properties for radiosensitization. Herein, we studied the radiation-induced corrosion behavior of BiNPs and demonstrated that these damages were manifested by the change in their morphology and crystal structure as well as self-oxidation at their surface. Furthermore, artificial heterostructures were created with graphene nanosheets to greatly suppress the radiation-induced corrosion in BiNPs and enhance their radiocatalytic activity for radiotherapy enhancement. Such a nanocomposite allows the accumulation of overexpressed glutathione, a natural hole scavenger, at the reaction interfaces. This enables the rapid removal of radiogenerated holes from the surface of BiNPs and minimizes the self-radiooxidation, therefore resulting in an efficient suppression of radiation corrosion and a decrease of the depletion of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, the radioexcited conduction band electrons react with the high-level H2O2 within cancer cells to yield more ROS, and the secondary electrons are trapped by H2O molecules to produce hydrated electrons capable of reducing a highly oxidized species such as cytochrome c. These radiochemical reactions together with hyperthermia can regulate the tumor microenvironment and accelerate the onset of cellular redox disequilibrium, mitochondrial dysfunction, and DNA damage, finally triggering tumor apoptosis and death. The current work will shed light on radiosensitizers with an enhanced corrosion resistance for controllable and synergistic radio-phototherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yuanzheng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huandong Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jitao Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinghao Li
- Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenyan Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Zu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinxia Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ru Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongdong Liu
- Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong 510700, China
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14
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Lu QB. Reaction Cycles of Halogen Species in the Immune Defense: Implications for Human Health and Diseases and the Pathology and Treatment of COVID-19. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061461. [PMID: 32545714 PMCID: PMC7349336 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19, which is causing a global pandemic. One current focus is drug repurposing research, but those drugs have limited therapeutic efficacies and known adverse effects. The pathology of COVID-19 is essentially unknown. Without this understanding, it is challenging to discover a successful treatment to be approved for clinical use. This paper addresses several key biological processes of reactive oxygen, halogen and nitrogen species (ROS, RHS and RNS) that play crucial physiological roles in organisms from plants to humans. These include why superoxide dismutases, the enzymes to catalyze the formation of H2O2, are required for protecting ROS-induced injury in cell metabolism, why the amount of ROS/RNS produced by ionizing radiation at clinically relevant doses is ~1000 fold lower than the endogenous ROS/RNS level routinely produced in the cell and why a low level of endogenous RHS plays a crucial role in phagocytosis for immune defense. Herein we propose a plausible amplification mechanism in immune defense: ozone-depleting-like halogen cyclic reactions enhancing RHS effects are responsible for all the mentioned physiological functions, which are activated by H2O2 and deactivated by NO signaling molecule. Our results show that the reaction cycles can be repeated thousands of times and amplify the RHS pathogen-killing (defense) effects by 100,000 fold in phagocytosis, resembling the cyclic ozone-depleting reactions in the stratosphere. It is unraveled that H2O2 is a required protective signaling molecule (angel) in the defense system for human health and its dysfunction can cause many diseases or conditions such as autoimmune disorders, aging and cancer. We also identify a class of potent drugs for effective treatment of invading pathogens such as HIV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), cancer and other diseases, and provide a molecular mechanism of action of the drugs or candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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15
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Hahn MB, Smales GJ, Seitz H, Solomun T, Sturm H. Ectoine interaction with DNA: influence on ultraviolet radiation damage. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6984-6992. [PMID: 32188961 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00092b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ectoine is a small zwitterionic osmolyte and compatible solute, which does not interfere with cell metabolism even at molar concentrations. Plasmid DNA (pUC19) was irradiated with ultraviolet radiation (UV-C at 266 nm) under quasi physiological conditions (PBS) and in pure water in the presence and absence of ectoine (THP(B)) and hydroxyectoine (THP(A)). Different types of UV induced DNA damage were analysed: DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs), abasic sites and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). A complex interplay between these factors was observed with respect to the nature and occurrence of DNA damage with 266 nm photons. In PBS, the cosolutes showed efficient protection against base damage, whilst in pure water, a dramatic shift from SSB damage to base damage was observed when cosolutes were added. To test whether these effects are caused by ectoine binding to DNA, further experiments were conducted: small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements and Raman spectroscopy. The results show, for the first time, a close interaction between ectoine and DNA. This is in stark contrast to the assumption made by preferential exclusion models, which are often used to interpret the behaviour of compatible solutes within cells and with biomolecules. It is tentatively proposed that the alterations of UV damage to DNA are attributed to ectoine influence on nucleobases through the direct interaction between ectoine and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Benjamin Hahn
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 14195 Berlin, Germany. and Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Glen J Smales
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Seitz
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, 14476 Potsdam, Germany and Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tihomir Solomun
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz Sturm
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Yost DC, Yao Y, Kanai Y. First-Principles Modeling of Electronic Stopping in Complex Matter under Ion Irradiation. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:229-237. [PMID: 31829604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electronic stopping refers to the dynamical energy-transfer process to electrons in matter from highly energetic charged particles such as high-velocity protons. We discuss recent progress in theoretical studies of electronic stopping in condensed matter under ion irradiation, focusing on modern electronic structure theory's role in enabling the study of electronic excitation dynamics that result from the energy transfer. In the last few decades, first-principles simulation approaches based on real-time time-dependent density functional theory have greatly advanced the field. While linear response theory is widely used to study electronic stopping processes, especially for simple solids, novel first-principles dynamics approaches now allow us to study chemically complex systems and also yield detailed descriptions of electronic excitations at the molecular scale. Outstanding challenges for further advancement of electronic stopping modeling are also discussed from the viewpoint of electronic structure theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon C Yost
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27514-3290 , United States
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27514-3290 , United States
| | - Yosuke Kanai
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27514-3290 , United States
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17
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Udroiu I, Marinaccio J, Sgura A. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces telomere shortening and clastogenic damage in glioblastoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:683-692. [PMID: 31026358 DOI: 10.1002/em.22295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) is the major polyphenol in green tea, to which many anticancer features, such as antioxidative, antigenotoxic, and antiangiogenetic properties, are attributed. Moreover, it is also well known as a telomerase inhibitor. In this work, we have chronically treated U251 glioblastoma cells with low, physiologically realistic concentrations, of EGCG, in order to investigate its effects both on telomeres and on genome integrity. Inhibition of telomerase activity caused telomere shortening, ultimately leading to senescence and telomere dysfunction at 98 days. Remarkably, we have observed DNA damage through an increase of phosphorylation of γ-H2AX histone and micronuclei also with doses and at timepoints when telomere shortening was not present. Therefore, we concluded that this DNA damage was not correlated with telomere shortening and that EGCG treatment induced not only an increase of telomere-shortening-induced senescence but also telomere-independent genotoxicity. This study questions the common knowledge about EGCG properties, but confirms the few works that indicated the clastogenic properties of this molecule, probably due to DNA reductive damage and topoisomerase II poisoning. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 60:683-692, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Udroiu
- Department of Science, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
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18
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Palacios A, Martín F. The quantum chemistry of attosecond molecular science. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Palacios
- Departamento de Química Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Institute of Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando Martín
- Departamento de Química Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA‐Nano) Madrid Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
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19
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Goetze RG, Buchholz SM, Ou N, Zhang Q, Patil S, Schirmer M, Singh SK, Ellenrieder V, Hessmann E, Lu QB, Neesse A. Preclinical Evaluation of 1,2-Diamino-4,5-Dibromobenzene in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060563. [PMID: 31181844 PMCID: PMC6627568 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly resistant to standard chemo- and radiotherapy. Recently, a new class of non-platinum-based halogenated molecules (called FMD compounds) was discovered that selectively kills cancer cells. Here, we investigate the potential of 1,2-Diamino-4,5-dibromobenzene (2Br-DAB) in combination with standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy in murine and human PDAC. Methods: Cell viability and colony formation was performed in human (Panc1, BxPC3, PaTu8988t, MiaPaCa) and three murine LSL-KrasG12D/+;LSL-Trp53R172H/+;Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) pancreatic cancer cell lines. In vivo, preclinical experiments were conducted in LSL-KrasG12D/+;p48-Cre (KC) and KPC mice using 2Br-DAB (7 mg/kg, i.p.), +/- radiation (10 × 1.8 Gy), gemcitabine (100 mg/kg, i.p.), or a combination. Tumor growth and therapeutic response were assessed by high-resolution ultrasound and immunohistochemistry. Results: 2Br-DAB significantly reduced cell viability in human and murine pancreatic cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, colony formation in human Panc1 cells was significantly decreased upon 25 µM 2Br-DAB + radiation treatment compared with vehicle control (p = 0.03). In vivo, 2Br-DAB reduced tumor frequency in KC mice. In the KPC model, 2Br-DAB or gemcitabine monotherapy had comparable therapeutic effects. Furthermore, the combination of gemcitabine and 2Br-DAB or 2Br-DAB and 18 Gy irradiation showed additional antineoplastic effects. Conclusions: 2Br-DAB is effective in killing pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. 2Br-DAB was not toxic in vivo, and additional antineoplastic effects were observed in combination with irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Goetze
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Soeren M Buchholz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Ning Ou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Qinrong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Shilpa Patil
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Markus Schirmer
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Shiv K Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Hessmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Albrecht Neesse
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
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20
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Yost DC, Kanai Y. Electronic Excitation Dynamics in DNA under Proton and α-Particle Irradiation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5241-5251. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dillon C. Yost
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yosuke Kanai
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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21
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Moroz P, Royo Romero L, Zamkov M. Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals in energy transfer reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3033-3048. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00162j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Excitonic energy transfer is a versatile mechanism by which colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals can interact with a variety of nanoscale species. This feature article will discuss the latest research on the key scenarios under which semiconductor nanocrystals can engage in energy transfer with other nanoparticles, organic fluorophores, and plasmonic nanostructures, highlighting potential technological benefits to be gained from such processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Moroz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Bowling Green State University
- Bowling Green
- USA
- The Center for Photochemical Sciences
| | - Luis Royo Romero
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Bowling Green State University
- Bowling Green
- USA
| | - Mikhail Zamkov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Bowling Green State University
- Bowling Green
- USA
- The Center for Photochemical Sciences
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22
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Hawtof R, Ghosh S, Guarr E, Xu C, Mohan Sankaran R, Renner JN. Catalyst-free, highly selective synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and water by a plasma electrolytic system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaat5778. [PMID: 30746439 PMCID: PMC6357762 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat5778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing need for scalable ammonia synthesis at ambient conditions that relies on renewable sources of energy and feedstocks to replace the Haber-Bosch process. Electrically driven approaches are an ideal strategy for the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia but, to date, have suffered from low selectivity associated with the catalyst. Here, we present a hybrid electrolytic system characterized by a gaseous plasma electrode that facilitates the study of ammonia formation in the absence of any material surface. We find record-high faradaic efficiency (up to 100%) for ammonia from nitrogen and water at atmospheric pressure and temperature with this system. Ammonia measurements under varying reaction conditions in combination with scavengers reveal that the unprecedented selectivity is achieved by solvated electrons produced at the plasma-water interface, which react favorably with protons to produce the key hydrogen radical intermediate. Our results demonstrate that limitations in selectivity can be circumvented by using catalyst-free solvated electron chemistry. In the absence of adsorption steps, the importance of controlling proton concentration and transport is also revealed.
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23
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Das L, Adhikari S. Direct Observation of Solvated Electrons in Deep Eutectic Solvents: Efficient Capture of Presolvated Electrons by DNA Base. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8900-8907. [PMID: 30169955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b04691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The solvated electron being the simplest form of an extremely reactive intermediate is of great fundamental interest in chemistry, physics, and biology since its discovery. Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been in focus as biodegradable and cost-effective alternative to ionic liquids (ILs) for different applications. These include areas where electron transport and transfer processes are involved. Herein, we present the first report on the existence, yield, and properties of solvated electrons in three deep eutectic solvents, reline, ethaline, and glyceline, composed of choline chloride as a hydrogen bond acceptor and urea, ethylene glycol, and glycerol (Gly) as hydrogen bond donors, respectively, at a molar ratio of 1:2. The varied transient absorption spectra of solvated electrons in these DESs have been explained on the basis of polarity, hydrogen-bonding effect, and the moieties responsible for creating the environment for solvation. The yield and average lifetime follow the trends in viscosity as well as the reactivity of electrons with the components. The C37 value, a measure of the efficiency of scavenging presolvated electrons, is the highest in ethaline in the case of nitrate ions, which indicates the slowest solvation process in this DES. The presolvated electron capture by a DNA base, an aspect considered to be important in cancer radiotherapy, could be monitored conveniently in these liquids at a much longer time scale compared to that reported in aqueous solutions. Bimolecular rate constants for the reaction of solvated electrons with nitrate and the DNA base have been calculated and compared in the three DESs. Unlike in ILs, these experimentally obtained values are comparable to the diffusion-controlled rate constants in DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laboni Das
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Training School Complex , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094 , India
| | - Soumyakanti Adhikari
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Training School Complex , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094 , India
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24
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Hahn MB, Meyer S, Schröter MA, Seitz H, Kunte HJ, Solomun T, Sturm H. Direct electron irradiation of DNA in a fully aqueous environment. Damage determination in combination with Monte Carlo simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:1798-1805. [PMID: 28059422 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07707b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We report on a study in which plasmid DNA in water was irradiated with 30 keV electrons generated by a scanning electron microscope and passed through a 100 nm thick Si3N4 membrane. The corresponding Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the kinetic energy spectrum of the electrons throughout the water is dominated by low energy electrons (<100 eV). The DNA radiation damage, single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs), was determined by gel electrophoresis. The median lethal dose of D1/2 = 1.7 ± 0.3 Gy was found to be much smaller as compared to partially or fully hydrated DNA irradiated under vacuum conditions. The ratio of the DSBs to SSBs was found to be 1 : 12 as compared to 1 : 88 found for hydrated DNA. Our method enables quantitative measurements of radiation damage to biomolecules (DNA, proteins) in solutions under varying conditions (pH, salinity, co-solutes) for an electron energy range which is difficult to probe by standard methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Benjamin Hahn
- Free University Berlin, Department of Physics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. and Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Susann Meyer
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany. and University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Harald Seitz
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Zelltherapie und Immunologie, Institutsteil Bioanalytik und Bioprozesse, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Kunte
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tihomir Solomun
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Heinz Sturm
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany. and Technical University Berlin, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
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25
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Schürmann R, Vogel S, Ebel K, Bald I. The Physico-Chemical Basis of DNA Radiosensitization: Implications for Cancer Radiation Therapy. Chemistry 2018. [PMID: 29522244 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
High-energy radiation is used in combination with radiosensitizing therapeutics to treat cancer. The most common radiosensitizers are halogenated nucleosides and cisplatin derivatives, and recently also metal nanoparticles have been suggested as potential radiosensitizing agents. The radiosensitizing action of these compounds can at least partly be ascribed to an enhanced reactivity towards secondary low-energy electrons generated along the radiation track of the high-energy primary radiation, or to an additional emission of secondary reactive electrons close to the tumor tissue. This is referred to as physico-chemical radiosensitization. In this Concept article we present current experimental methods used to study fundamental processes of physico-chemical radiosensitization and discuss the most relevant classes of radiosensitizers. Open questions in the current discussions are identified and future directions outlined, which can lead to optimized treatment protocols or even novel therapeutic concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schürmann
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Vogel
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenny Ebel
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilko Bald
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Kočišek J, Sedmidubská B, Indrajith S, Fárník M, Fedor J. Electron Attachment to Microhydrated Deoxycytidine Monophosphate. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:5212-5217. [PMID: 29706064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DNA constituents are effectively decomposed via dissociative electron attachment (DEA). However, the DEA contribution to radiation damage in living tissues is a subject of ongoing discussion. We address an essential question, how aqueous environment influences the DEA to DNA. In particular, we report experimental fragmentation patterns for DEA to microhydrated 2-deoxycytidine 5-monophosphate (dCMP). Isolated dCMP was previously set as a model to describe mechanisms of DNA-strand breaks induced by secondary electrons and decomposes primarily by dissociation of the C-O phosphoester bond. We show that hydrated molecules decompose via dissociation of the C-N glycosidic bond followed by dissociation of the P-O bond. This significant change of the proposed mechanism can be interpreted by a reactive role of water in the postattachment dynamics. Comparison of the fragmentation with previous macroscopic irradiation studies suggests that the actual contribution of DEA to DNA radiation damage in living tissue is rather small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Kočišek
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Sedmidubská
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague , Czech Republic.,Deptartment of Nuclear Chemistry, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering , Czech Technical University in Prague , Brehová 7 , 115 19 Prague , Czech Republic
| | | | - Michal Fárník
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Fedor
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague , Czech Republic
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27
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Hahn MB, Meyer S, Schröter MA, Kunte HJ, Solomun T, Sturm H. DNA protection by ectoine from ionizing radiation: molecular mechanisms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:25717-25722. [PMID: 28913528 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02860a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ectoine, a compatible solute and osmolyte, is known to be an effective protectant of biomolecules and whole cells against heating, freezing and extreme salinity. Protection of cells (human keratinocytes) by ectoine against ultraviolet radiation has also been reported by various authors, although the underlying mechanism is not yet understood. We present the first electron irradiation of DNA in a fully aqueous environment in the presence of ectoine and at high salt concentrations. The results demonstrate effective protection of DNA by ectoine against the induction of single-strand breaks by ionizing radiation. The effect is explained by an increase in low-energy electron scattering at the enhanced free-vibrational density of states of water due to ectoine, as well as the use of ectoine as an ˙OH-radical scavenger. This was demonstrated by Raman spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Benjamin Hahn
- Free University Berlin, Department of Physics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. and Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Susann Meyer
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany. and University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Jörg Kunte
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tihomir Solomun
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Heinz Sturm
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany. and Technical University Berlin, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
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28
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Kai T, Yokoya A, Ukai M, Fujii K, Toigawa T, Watanabe R. A significant role of non-thermal equilibrated electrons in the formation of deleterious complex DNA damage. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:2838-2844. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06903k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although most of the radiation damage to genomic DNA could be rendered harmless using repair enzymes in a living cell, a certain fraction of the damage is persistent resulting in serious genetic effects, such as mutation induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kai
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Akinari Yokoya
- Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ukai
- Department of Applied Physics
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Tokyo 184-8588
- Japan
| | - Kentaro Fujii
- Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Tomohiro Toigawa
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Ritsuko Watanabe
- Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
- Ibaraki
- Japan
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29
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Banyasz A, Martínez-Fernández L, Balty C, Perron M, Douki T, Improta R, Markovitsi D. Absorption of Low-Energy UV Radiation by Human Telomere G-Quadruplexes Generates Long-Lived Guanine Radical Cations. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10561-10568. [PMID: 28737902 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres, which are involved in cell division, carcinogenesis, and aging and constitute important therapeutic targets, are prone to oxidative damage. This propensity has been correlated with the presence of guanine-rich sequences, capable of forming four-stranded DNA structures (G-quadruplexes). Here, we present the first study on oxidative damage of human telomere G-quadruplexes without mediation of external molecules. Our investigation has been performed for G-quadruplexes formed by folding of GGG(TTAGGG)3 single strands in buffered solutions containing Na+ cations (TEL21/Na+). Associating nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations (TD-DFT), it focuses on the primary species, ejected electrons and guanine radicals, generated upon absorption of UV radiation directly by TEL21/Na+. We show that, at 266 nm, corresponding to an energy significantly lower than the guanine ionization potential, the one-photon ionization quantum yield is 4.5 × 10-3. This value is comparable to that of cyclobutane thymine dimers (the major UV-induced lesions) in genomic DNA; the quantum yield of these dimers in TEL21/Na+ is found to be (1.1 ± 0.1) × 10-3. The fate of guanine radicals, generated in equivalent concentration with that of ejected electrons, is followed over 5 orders of magnitude of time. Such a quantitative approach reveals that an important part of radical cation population survives up to a few milliseconds, whereas radical cations produced by chemical oxidants in various DNA systems are known to deprotonate, at most, within a few microseconds. Under the same experimental conditions, neither one-photon ionization nor long-lived radical cations are detected for the telomere repeat TTAGGG in single-stranded configuration, showing that secondary structure plays a key role in these processes. Finally, two types of deprotonated radicals are identified: on the one hand, (G-H2)• radicals, stable at early times, and on the other hand, (G-H1)• radicals, appearing within a few milliseconds and decaying with a time constant of ∼50 ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akos Banyasz
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lara Martínez-Fernández
- Istituto Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via Mezzocannone 16, I-80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Clémence Balty
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marion Perron
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Douki
- CEA, INAC-SyMMES Laboratoire des Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Roberto Improta
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Istituto Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via Mezzocannone 16, I-80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Dimitra Markovitsi
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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30
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Schürmann R, Tanzer K, Dąbkowska I, Denifl S, Bald I. Stability of the Parent Anion of the Potential Radiosensitizer 8-Bromoadenine Formed by Low-Energy (<3 eV) Electron Attachment. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:5730-5734. [PMID: 28525718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
8-Bromoadenine (8BrA) is a potential DNA radiosensitizer for cancer radiation therapy due to its efficient interaction with low-energy electrons (LEEs). LEEs are a short-living species generated during the radiation damage of DNA by high-energy radiation as it is applied in cancer radiation therapy. Electron attachment to 8BrA in the gas phase results in a stable parent anion below 3 eV electron energy in addition to fragmentation products formed by resonant exocyclic bond cleavages. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the 8BrA- anion reveal an exotic bond between the bromine and the C8 atom with a bond length of 2.6 Å, where the majority of the charge is located on bromine and the spin is mainly located on the C8 atom. The detailed understanding of such long-lived anionic states of nucleobase analogues supports the rational development of new therapeutic agents, in which the enhancement of dissociative electron transfer to the DNA backbone is critical to induce DNA strand breaks in cancerous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schürmann
- Institute of Chemistry - Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Tanzer
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck , Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iwona Dąbkowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gdansk , Sobieskiego 18, Gdansk, 80-952, Poland
| | - Stephan Denifl
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck , Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilko Bald
- Institute of Chemistry - Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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31
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Hahn MB, Meyer S, Kunte HJ, Solomun T, Sturm H. Measurements and simulations of microscopic damage to DNA in water by 30 keV electrons: A general approach applicable to other radiation sources and biological targets. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:052419. [PMID: 28618479 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.052419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The determination of the microscopic dose-damage relationship for DNA in an aqueous environment is of a fundamental interest for dosimetry and applications in radiation therapy and protection. We combine geant4 particle-scattering simulations in water with calculations concerning the movement of biomolecules to obtain the energy deposit in the biologically relevant nanoscopic volume. We juxtaposition these results to the experimentally determined damage to obtain the dose-damage relationship at a molecular level. This approach is tested for an experimentally challenging system concerning the direct irradiation of plasmid DNA (pUC19) in water with electrons as primary particles. Here a microscopic target model for the plasmid DNA based on the relation of lineal energy and radiation quality is used to calculate the effective target volume. It was found that on average fewer than two ionizations within a 7.5-nm radius around the sugar-phosphate backbone are sufficient to cause a single strand break, with a corresponding median lethal energy deposit being E_{1/2}=6±4 eV. The presented method is applicable for ionizing radiation (e.g., γ rays, x rays, and electrons) and a variety of targets, such as DNA, proteins, or cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Benjamin Hahn
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany and Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susann Meyer
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany and Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Kunte
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tihomir Solomun
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz Sturm
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany and Technical University Berlin, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
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32
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Rezaee M, Hill RP, Jaffray DA. The Exploitation of Low-Energy Electrons in Cancer Treatment. Radiat Res 2017; 188:123-143. [PMID: 28557630 DOI: 10.1667/rr14727.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Given the distinct characteristics of low-energy electrons (LEEs), particularly at energies less than 30 eV, they can be applied to a wide range of therapeutic modalities to improve cancer treatment. LEEs have been shown to efficiently produce complex molecular damage resulting in substantial cellular toxicities. Since LEEs are produced in copious amounts from high-energy radiation beam, including photons, protons and ions; the control of LEE distribution can potentially enhance the therapeutic radio of such beams. LEEs can play a substantial role in the synergistic effect between radiation and chemotherapy, particularly halogenated and platinum-based anticancer drugs. Radiosensitizing entities containing atoms of high atomic number such as gold nanoparticles can be a source of LEE production if high-energy radiation interacts with them. This can provide a high local density of LEEs in a cell and produce cellular toxicity. Auger-electron-emitting radionuclides also create a high number of LEEs in each decay, which can induce lethal damage in a cell. Exploitation of LEEs in cancer treatment, however, faces a few challenges, such as dosimetry of LEEs and selective delivery of radiosensitizing and chemotherapeutic molecules close to cellular targets. This review first discusses the rationale for utilizing LEEs in cancer treatment by explaining their mechanism of action, describes theoretical and experimental studies at the molecular and cellular levels, then discusses strategies for achieving modification of the distribution and effectiveness of LEEs in cancerous tissue and their associated clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaee
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard P Hill
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Jaffray
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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33
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Reeves KG, Kanai Y. Electronic Excitation Dynamics in Liquid Water under Proton Irradiation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40379. [PMID: 28084420 PMCID: PMC5233951 DOI: 10.1038/srep40379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular behaviour of liquid water under proton irradiation is of great importance to a number of technological and medical applications. The highly energetic proton generates a time-varying field that is highly localized and heterogeneous at the molecular scale, and massive electronic excitations are produced as a result of the field-matter interaction. Using first-principles quantum dynamics simulations, we reveal details of how electrons are dynamically excited through non-equilibrium energy transfer from highly energetic protons in liquid water on the atto/femto-second time scale. Water molecules along the path of the energetic proton undergo ionization at individual molecular level, and the excitation primarily derives from lone pair electrons on the oxygen atom of water molecules. A reduced charge state on the energetic proton in the condensed phase of water results in the strongly suppressed electronic response when compared to water molecules in the gas phase. These molecular-level findings provide important insights into understanding the water radiolysis process under proton irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G Reeves
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Yosuke Kanai
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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34
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Soltani T, Lee BK. Improving heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalytic degradation of toluene under visible light irradiation through Ba-doping in BiFeO3 nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Kai T, Yokoya A, Ukai M, Fujii K, Watanabe R. Dynamic Behavior of Secondary Electrons in Liquid Water at the Earliest Stage upon Irradiation: Implications for DNA Damage Localization Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:8228-8233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kai
- Nuclear
Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakatashirane,
Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Akinari Yokoya
- Quantum
Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 2-4 Shirakatashirane, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ukai
- Department of Applied
Physics, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kentaro Fujii
- Quantum
Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 2-4 Shirakatashirane, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Watanabe
- Quantum
Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 2-4 Shirakatashirane, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
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36
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Soltani T, Lee BK. Novel and facile synthesis of Ba-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles and enhancement of their magnetic and photocatalytic activities for complete degradation of benzene in aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 316:122-33. [PMID: 27232723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, Bi1-x Bax FeO3 (x=0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mol%) multiferroic materials as visible-light photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via a simple and rapid sol-gel method, at a low temperature and with rapid calcination. Ba loading brought about a distorted structure of BiFeO3 magnetic nanoparticles (BFO MNPs) consisting of small, randomly oriented and non-uniform grains, leading to increased surface area and improved magnetic and photocatalytic activities. Doping of Ba(2+) into pure BFO (Bi1-x Bax FeO3, x=0.2mol%) greatly increased magnetic saturation to 3.0emu/g and significantly decreased the band-gap energy to 1.79eV, as compared to 2.1emu/g and 2.1eV, respectively, for pure BFO. Bi1-xBa xFeO3 of x=0.2mol% exhibited the greatest photocatalytic degradation effect after 60min of visible light irradiation, and reached 97% benzene removal efficiency, leading to production of a high concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), with 93% and 82% reductions in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC), respectively. The identified major intermediate products of photodegradation enabled prediction of the proposed benzene degradation pathway. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of benzene removal is due to both mechanisms, photocatalytic and photo-Fenton catalytic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyebeh Soltani
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Nam-gu, Daehak-ro 93, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Nam-gu, Daehak-ro 93, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Huang Z, Zhou L. A theoretical study on electrons attachment to the trans-[Pt(P)NH3Cl2] (P=3-picoline or pyridine) and the subsequent interacting with ribose moiety or thymine(T). COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Kočišek J, Pysanenko A, Fárník M, Fedor J. Microhydration Prevents Fragmentation of Uracil and Thymine by Low-Energy Electrons. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:3401-3405. [PMID: 27525662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
When ionizing radiation passes biological matter, a large number of secondary electrons with very low energies (<3 eV) is produced. It is known that such electrons cause an efficient fragmentation of isolated nucleobases via dissociative electron attachment. We present an experimental study of the electron attachment to microhydrated nucleobases. Our novel approach allows significant control over the hydration of molecules studied in the molecular beam. We directly show for the first time that the presence of a few water molecules suppresses the dissociative channel and leads exclusively to formation of intact molecular and hydrated anions. The suppression of fragmentation is ascribed to caging-like effects and fast energy transfer to the solvent. This is in contrast with theoretical prediction that microhydration strongly enhances the fragmentation of nucleobases. The current observation impacts mechanisms of reductive DNA strand breaks proposed to date on the basis of gas-phase experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kočišek
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Pysanenko
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Fárník
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedor
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic
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39
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Wang S, Zhao P, Zhang C, Bu Y. The Equally Important Role of Adenine Derivatives to That of Pyrimidine Derivatives in Near‐0 eV Electron‐Induced DNA Lesions. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1669-77. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoushan Wang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Peiwen Zhao
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Changzhe Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Bu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
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40
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Wang S, Zhao P, Zhang C, Bu Y. Mechanisms Responsible for High Energy Radiation Induced Damage to Single-Stranded DNA Modified by Radiosensitizing 5-Halogenated Deoxyuridines. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:2649-57. [PMID: 26913546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b11432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Experimental studies showed that high energy radiation induced base release and DNA backbone breaks mainly occur at the neighboring 5' nucleotide when a single-stranded DNA is modified by radiosensitizing 5-halogenated deoxyuridines. However, no mechanism can be used to interpret these experimental observations. To better understand the radiosensitivity of 5-halogenated deoxyuridines, mechanisms involving hydrogen abstraction by the uracil-5-yl radical from the C2' and C3' positions of an adjacent nucleotide separately followed by the C3'-O3' or N-glycosidic bond rupture and the P-O3' bond breakage are investigated in the DNA sequence 5'-TU(•)-3' employing density functional theory calculations in the present study. It is found that hydrogen abstractions from both positions are comparable with the one from the C2' site slightly more favorable. The N-glycosidic bond cleavage in the neighboring 5' nucleotide following the internucleotide C2'-Ha abstraction is estimated to have the lowest activation free energies, indicating that the adjacent 5' base release dominates electron induced damage to single-stranded DNA incorporated by 5-halogenated deoxyuridines. Relative to the P-O3' bond breakage after the internucleotide C3'-H abstraction, the C3'-O3' bond rupture in the neighboring 5' nucleotide following the internucleotide C2'-Ha abstraction is predicted to have a lower activation free energy, implying that single-stranded DNA backbone breaks are prone to occur at the C3'-O3' bond site. The 5'-TU(•)-3' species has substantial electron affinity and can even capture a hydrated electron, forming the 5'-TU(-)-3' anion. However, the electron induced C3'-O3' bond rupture in 5'-TU(-)-3' anion via a pathway of internucleotide proton abstraction is only minor in both the gas phase and aqueous solution. The present theoretical predictions can interpret rationally experimental observations, thereby demonstrating that the mechanisms proposed here are responsible for high energy radiation induced damage to single-stranded DNA incorporated by radiosensitizing 5-halogenated deoxyuridines. By comparing with previous results, our work proves that the radiosensitizing action of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine is not weaker but stronger than its isomer 6-bromo-2-deoxyuridine on the basis of the available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoushan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Peiwen Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Changzhe Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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Wang CR, Mahmood J, Zhang QR, Vedadi A, Warrington J, Ou N, Bristow RG, Jaffray DA, Lu QB. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of a New Class of Anticancer Molecules for Targeted Radiotherapy of Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:640-50. [PMID: 26921393 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a compelling need to develop anticancer therapies that target cancer cells and tissues. Arising from innovative femtomedicine studies, a new class of non-platinum-based halogenated molecules (called FMD molecules) that selectively kill cancer cells and protect normal cells in treatments of multiple cancers has been discovered. This article reports the first observation of the radiosensitizing effects of such compounds in combination with ionizing radiation for targeted radiotherapy of a variety of cancers. We present in vitro and in vivo studies focused on combination with radiotherapy of cervical, ovarian, head and neck, and lung cancers. Our results demonstrate that treatments of various cancer cells in vitro and in vivo mouse xenograft models with such compounds led to enhanced efficiencies in radiotherapy, while the compounds themselves induced no or little radiotoxicity toward normal cells or tissues. These compounds are therefore effective radiosensitizers that can be translated into clinical trials for targeted radiotherapy of multiple types of cancer. This study also shows the potential of femtomedicine to bring breakthroughs in understanding fundamental biologic processes and to accelerate the discovery of novel drugs for effective treatment or prevention of a variety of cancers. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(4); 640-50. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Rong Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Javed Mahmood
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Ontario Cancer and Techna Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qin-Rong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Vedadi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Ontario Cancer and Techna Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenny Warrington
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ning Ou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Ontario Cancer and Techna Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - David A Jaffray
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Ontario Cancer and Techna Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Departments of Biology and Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
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42
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Kanazawa Y, Ehara M, Sommerfeld T. Low-Lying π* Resonances of Standard and Rare DNA and RNA Bases Studied by the Projected CAP/SAC–CI Method. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:1545-53. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kanazawa
- SOKENDAI, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science and Research Center for Computational Science, Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- SOKENDAI, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science and Research Center for Computational Science, Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Thomas Sommerfeld
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, Southeastern Louisiana University, SLU 10878, Hammond, Louisiana 70402, United States
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43
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Zhao S, Zhang RB. Alternative role of cisplatin in DNA damage – theoretical studies on the influence of excess electrons on the cisplatin–DNA complex. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17919c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of excess electrons with cisplatin–DNA generates highly reactive Pt-containing species towards C–H abstraction, which strongly contributes to DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Ru-bo Zhang
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- China
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44
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Wang S, Zhang C, Zhao P, Bu Y. Efficient and Substantial DNA Lesions From Near 0 eV Electron-Induced Decay of the O4-Hydrogenated Thymine Nucleotides: A DFT Study. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13971-9. [PMID: 26441346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Possible electron-induced ruptures of C3'-O3', C5'-O5', and N1-C1' bonds in O4-hydrogenated 2'-deoxythymidine-3'-monophosphate (3'-dT(O4H)MPH) and 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (5'-dT(O4H)MPH) are investigated using density functional theory calculations, and efficient pathways are proposed. Electron attachment causes remarkable structural relaxation in the thymine C6 site. A concerted process of intramolecular proton transfer (IPT) from the C2' site of 2'-deoxyribose to the C6 site and the C3'-O3' bond rupture is observed in [3'-dT(O4H)MPH](-). A low activation barrier (9.32 kcal/mol) indicates that this pathway is the most efficient one as compared to other known pathways leading to backbone breaks of a single strand DNA at the non-3'-end thymine, which prevents the N1-C1' bond cleavage in [3'-dT(O4H)MPH](-). However, essentially spontaneous N1-C1' bond cleavage following similar IPT is predicted in [5'-dT(O4H)MPH](-). A moderate activation barrier (13.02 kcal/mol) for the rate-controlling IPT step suggests that base release from the N1-C1' cleavage arises readily at the 3'-end of single strand DNA with the strand ended by a thymine. The C5'-O5' bond has only an insignificant change in the IPT process. Solvent effects are found to increase slightly the energy requirements for either bond ruptures (11.23 kcal/mol (C3'-O3') vs 16.18 kcal/mol (N1-C1')), but not change their relative efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoushan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan, 250100 P. R. China
| | - Changzhe Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan, 250100 P. R. China
| | - Peiwen Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan, 250100 P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Shandong University , Jinan, 250100 P. R. China
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45
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McAllister M, Smyth M, Gu B, Tribello GA, Kohanoff J. Understanding the Interaction between Low-Energy Electrons and DNA Nucleotides in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:3091-3097. [PMID: 26267207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Reactions that can damage DNA have been simulated using a combination of molecular dynamics and density functional theory. In particular, the damage caused by the attachment of a low energy electron to the nucleobase. Simulations of anionic single nucleotides of DNA in an aqueous environment that was modeled explicitly have been performed. This has allowed us to examine the role played by the water molecules that surround the DNA in radiation damage mechanisms. Our simulations show that hydrogen bonding and protonation of the nucleotide by the water can have a significant effect on the barriers to strand breaking reactions. Furthermore, these effects are not the same for all four of the bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeve McAllister
- †Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Maeve Smyth
- †Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Gu
- †Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
- ‡Department of Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 21004, China
| | - Gareth A Tribello
- †Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Kohanoff
- †Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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46
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Ghandi K, Findlater AD, Mahimwalla Z, MacNeil CS, Awoonor-Williams E, Zahariev F, Gordon MS. Ultra-fast electron capture by electrosterically-stabilized gold nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:11545-51. [PMID: 26036895 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02291f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-fast pre-solvated electron capture has been observed for aqueous solutions of room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) surface-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs; ∼9 nm). The extraordinarily large inverse temperature dependent rate constants (k(e)∼ 5 × 10(14) M(-1) s(-1)) measured for the capture of electrons in solution suggest electron capture by the AuNP surface that is on the timescale of, and therefore in competition with, electron solvation and electron-cation recombination reactions. The observed electron transfer rates challenge the conventional notion that radiation induced biological damage would be enhanced in the presence of AuNPs. On the contrary, AuNPs stabilized by non-covalently bonded ligands demonstrate the potential to quench radiation-induced electrons, indicating potential applications in fields ranging from radiation therapy to heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khashayar Ghandi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, CanadaE4L 1G8.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zanuttini
- CIMAP, ENSICAEN, CNRS, CEA/IRAMIS, Université de Caen, 14070 Caen cedex 05, France
| | - Benoit Gervais
- CIMAP, ENSICAEN, CNRS, CEA/IRAMIS, Université de Caen, 14070 Caen cedex 05, France
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Rak J, Chomicz L, Wiczk J, Westphal K, Zdrowowicz M, Wityk P, Żyndul M, Makurat S, Golon Ł. Mechanisms of Damage to DNA Labeled with Electrophilic Nucleobases Induced by Ionizing or UV Radiation. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:8227-38. [PMID: 26061614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia--a hallmark of solid tumors--makes hypoxic cells radioresistant. On the other hand, DNA, the main target of anticancer therapy, is not sensitive to the near UV photons and hydrated electrons, one of the major products of water radiolysis under hypoxic conditions. A possible way to overcome these obstacles to the efficient radio- and photodynamic therapy of cancer is to sensitize the cellular DNA to electrons and/or ultraviolet radiation. While incorporated into genomic DNA, modified nucleosides, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine in particular, sensitize cells to both near-ultraviolet photons and γ rays. It is believed that, in both sensitization modes, the reactive nucleobase radical is formed as a primary product which swiftly stabilizes, leading to serious DNA damage, like strand breaks or cross-links. However, despite the apparent similarity, such radio- and photosensitization of DNA seems to be ruled by fundamentally different mechanisms. In this review, we demonstrate that the most important factors deciding on radiodamage to the labeled DNA are (i) the electron affinity (EA) of modified nucleoside (mNZ), (ii) the local surroundings of the label that significantly influences the EA of mNZ, and (iii) the strength of the chemical bond holding together the substituent and a nucleobase. On the other hand, we show that the UV damage to sensitized DNA is governed by long-range photoinduced electron transfer, the efficiency of which is controlled by local DNA sequences. A critical review of the literature mechanisms concerning both types of damage to the labeled biopolymer is presented. Ultimately, the perspectives of studies on DNA sensitization in the context of cancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Rak
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Lidia Chomicz
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna Wiczk
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kinga Westphal
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zdrowowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Wityk
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Żyndul
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Samanta Makurat
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Golon
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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49
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Lu QB, Zhang QR, Ou N, Wang CR, Warrington J. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Non-Platinum-Based Halogenated Compounds as Potent Antitumor Agents for Natural Targeted Chemotherapy of Cancers. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:544-53. [PMID: 26351651 PMCID: PMC4551467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on a molecular-mechanism-based anticancer drug discovery program enabled by an innovative femtomedicine approach, we have found a previously unknown class of non-platinum-based halogenated molecules (called FMD compounds) as potent antitumor agents for effective treatment of cancers. Here, we present in vitro and in vivo studies of the compounds for targeted chemotherapy of cervical, breast, ovarian, and lung cancers. Our results show that these FMD agents led to DNA damage, cell cycle arrest in the S phase, and apoptosis in cancer cells. We also observed that such a FMD compound caused an increase of reduced glutathione (GSH, an endogenous antioxidant) levels in human normal cells, while it largely depleted GSH in cancer cells. We correspondingly found that these FMD agents exhibited no or little toxicity toward normal cells/tissues, while causing significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells, as well as suppression and delay in tumor growth in mouse xenograft models of cervical, ovarian, breast and lung cancers. These compounds are therefore a previously undiscovered class of potent antitumor agents that can be translated into clinical trials for natural targeted chemotherapy of multiple cancers. Femtomedicine may accelerate drug discovery for effective treatment of cancer. A previously undiscovered class of non-platinum-based halogenated compounds is found to have potent antitumor effects. FMD agents can be used for natural targeted chemotherapy of multiple types of cancer while inducing minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Biology and Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding author at: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Qin-Rong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ning Ou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chun-Rong Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenny Warrington
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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50
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Banerjee S, Chaudhuri S, Maity AK, Saha P, Pal SK. Role of caffeine in DNA recognition of a potential food-carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene and UVA induced DNA damage. J Mol Recognit 2015; 27:510-20. [PMID: 24984868 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer (ET) reactions are important for their implications in both oxidative and reductive DNA damages. The current contribution investigates the efficacy of caffeine, a xanthine alkaloid in preventing UVA radiation induced ET from a carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene (BP) to DNA by forming stable caffeine-BP complexes. While steady-state emission and absorption results emphasize the role of caffeine in hosting BP in aqueous medium, the molecular modeling studies propose the energetically favorable structure of caffeine-BP complex. The picosecond-resolved emission spectroscopic studies precisely explore the caffeine-mediated inhibition of ET from BP to DNA under UVA radiation. The potential therapeutic activity of caffeine in preventing DNA damage has been ensured by agarose gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, time-gated fluorescence microscopy has been used to monitor caffeine-mediated exclusion of BP from various cell lines including squamous epithelial cells, WI-38 (fibroblast), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HeLa (cervical cancer) cells. Our in vitro and ex vivo experimental results provide imperative evidences about the role of caffeine in modified biomolecular recognition of a model carcinogen BP by DNA resulting dissociation of the carcinogen from various cell lines, implicating its potential medicinal applications in the prevention of other toxic organic molecule induced cellular damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Banerjee
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 098, India
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