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Huang S, Liu X, Li Z, Si Y, Yang L, Deng J, Luo Y, Xue YX, Lu L. Memory Reconsolidation Updating in Substance Addiction: Applications, Mechanisms, and Future Prospects for Clinical Therapeutics. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01294-z. [PMID: 39264570 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Persistent and maladaptive drug-related memories represent a key component in drug addiction. Converging evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies has demonstrated the potential efficacy of the memory reconsolidation updating procedure (MRUP), a non-pharmacological strategy intertwining two distinct memory processes: reconsolidation and extinction-alternatively termed "the memory retrieval-extinction procedure". This procedure presents a promising approach to attenuate, if not erase, entrenched drug memories and prevent relapse. The present review delineates the applications, molecular underpinnings, and operational boundaries of MRUP in the context of various forms of substance dependence. Furthermore, we critically examine the methodological limitations of MRUP, postulating potential refinement to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we also look at the potential integration of MRUP and neurostimulation treatments in the domain of substance addiction. Overall, existing studies underscore the significant potential of MRUP, suggesting that interventions predicated on it could herald a promising avenue to enhance clinical outcomes in substance addiction therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yue Si
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiahui Deng
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yixiao Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Yan-Xue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Mercerón-Martínez D, Alacán Ricardo L, Bejerano Pina A, Orama Rojo N, Expósito Seco A, Vega Hurtado Y, Estupiñán Días B, Fernández I, García Pupo L, Sablón Carrazana M, Rodríguez-Tanty C, Menéndez Soto Del Valle R, Almaguer-Melian W. Amylovis-201 enhances physiological memory formation and rescues memory and hippocampal cell loss in a streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease animal model. Brain Res 2024; 1831:148848. [PMID: 38432261 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and its treatment is lacking. In this work, we tested Amylovis-201, a naphthalene-derived compound, as a possible therapeutic candidate for the treatment of AD. For this purpose, we performed three experiments. In the first and third experiment, animals received a bilateral administration of streptozotocin and, starting 24 h after injection, a daily dose of Amylovis-201 (orally), for 17 days or for the whole time of the experiment respectively (28 days), after which learning and memory, as well as the number of hippocampal dentate gyrus cells, were assessed. In the second experiment, healthy animals received a single dose of Amylovis-201, 10 min or 5 h after the learning section to assess whether this substance could promote specific mechanisms involved in memory trace formation. Our data show that, administration of a single dose of Amylovis-201, 10 min after the end of training, but not at 5 h, produces a prolongation in memory duration, probably because it modulates specific mechanisms involved in memory trace consolidation. Furthermore, daily administration of Amylovis-201 to animals with bilateral intracerebroventricular injection of STZ produces a reduction in the loss of the hippocampus dentate gyrus cells and an improvement in spatial memory, probably because Amylovis-201 can interact with some of the protein kinases of the insulin signaling cascade, also involved in neural plasticity, and thereby halt or reverse some of the effects of STZ. Taking to account these results, Amylovis-201 is a good candidate for the therapeutic treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daymara Mercerón-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, CIREN. Ave 25, # 15805, La Habana CP 11300, Cuba
| | | | | | | | | | - Yamilé Vega Hurtado
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, CIREN. Ave 25, # 15805, La Habana CP 11300, Cuba
| | - Bárbara Estupiñán Días
- Laboratorio de Histología del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurología, CIREN. Ave 25, # 15805, La Habana CP 11300, Cuba
| | - Isabel Fernández
- Laboratorio de Histología del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurología, CIREN. Ave 25, # 15805, La Habana CP 11300, Cuba
| | - Laura García Pupo
- Centro de Neurociencias de Cuba, CNEURO. Ave 25, La Habana CP 11300, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - William Almaguer-Melian
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, CIREN. Ave 25, # 15805, La Habana CP 11300, Cuba.
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Almaguer-Melian W, Mercerón-Martinez D, Alberti-Amador E, Alacán-Ricardo L, de Bardet JC, Orama-Rojo N, Vergara-Piña AE, Herrera-Estrada I, Bergado JA. Learning induces EPO/EPOr expression in memory relevant brain areas, whereas exogenously applied EPO promotes remote memory consolidation. Synapse 2024; 78:e22282. [PMID: 37794768 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Memory and learning allow animals to appropriate certain properties of nature with which they can navigate in it successfully. Memory is acquired slowly and consists of two major phases, a fragile early phase (short-term memory, <4 h) and a more robust and long-lasting late one (long-term memory, >4 h). Erythropoietin (EPO) prolongs memory from 24 to 72 h when animals are trained for 5 min in a place recognition task but not when training lasted 3 min (short-term memory). It is not known whether it promotes the formation of remote memory (≥21 days). We address whether the systemic administration of EPO can convert a short-term memory into a long-term remote memory, and the neural plasticity mechanisms involved. We evaluated the effect of training duration (3 or 5 min) on the expression of endogenous EPO and its receptor to shed light on the role of EPO in coordinating mechanisms of neural plasticity using a single-trial spatial learning test. We administered EPO 10 min post-training and evaluated memory after 24 h, 96 h, 15 days, or 21 days. We also determined the effect of EPO administered 10 min after training on the expression of arc and bdnf during retrieval at 24 h and 21 days. Data show that learning induces EPO/EPOr expression increase linked to memory extent, exogenous EPO prolongs memory up to 21 days; and prefrontal cortex bdnf expression at 24 h and in the hippocampus at 21 days, whereas arc expression increases at 21 days in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Almaguer-Melian
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Daymara Mercerón-Martinez
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Esteban Alberti-Amador
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Laura Alacán-Ricardo
- Facultad de Medicina Victoria de Girón, Universidad Médica de La Habana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Javier Curi de Bardet
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | - Norma Orama-Rojo
- Laboratorio de Electrofisiología Experimental del Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | - Jorge A Bergado
- Department of Psychology, Universidad del Sinú "Elías Bechara Zainum, ", Montería, Colombia
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4
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Budriesi P, Tintorelli R, Correa J, Villar ME, Marchal P, Giurfa M, Viola H. A behavioral tagging account of kinase contribution to memory formation after spaced aversive training. iScience 2023; 26:107278. [PMID: 37520708 PMCID: PMC10372744 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term memory (LTM) can be induced by repeated spaced training trials. Using the weak inhibitory avoidance (wIA) task, we showed that one wIA session does not lead to a 24-h LTM, whereas two identical wIA sessions spaced by 15 min to 6 h induce a 24-h LTM. This LTM promotion depends both on hippocampal protein synthesis and the activity of several kinases. In agreement with the behavioral tagging (BT) hypothesis, our results suggest that the two training sessions induce transient learning tags and lead, via a cooperative effect, to the synthesis of plasticity-related proteins (PRPs) that become available and captured by the tag from the second session. Although ERKs1/2 are needed for PRPs synthesis and CaMKs are required for tag setting, PKA participates in both processes. We conclude that the BT mechanism accounts for the molecular constraints underlying the classic effect of spaced learning on LTM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Budriesi
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Tintorelli
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Correa
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Eugenia Villar
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Marchal
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Poe Lab, Integrative Biology and Physiology department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin Giurfa
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Haydee Viola
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular “Dr. Héctor Maldonado” (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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5
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Dunsmoor JE, Murty VP, Clewett D, Phelps EA, Davachi L. Tag and capture: how salient experiences target and rescue nearby events in memory. Trends Cogn Sci 2022; 26:782-795. [PMID: 35842373 PMCID: PMC9378568 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The long-term fate of a memory is not exclusively determined by the events occurring at the moment of encoding. Research at the cellular, circuit, and behavioral levels is beginning to reveal how neurochemical activations in the moments surrounding an event can retroactively and proactively rescue weak memory for seemingly mundane experiences. We review emerging evidence showing enhancement of weakly formed memories encoded minutes to hours before or after a related motivationally relevant experience. We discuss proposed neurobiological mechanisms for strengthening weak memories formed in temporal proximity to a strong event, and how this knowledge could be leveraged to improve memory for information that is prone to forgetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Dunsmoor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Vishnu P Murty
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Clewett
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Lila Davachi
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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6
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Correa J, Tintorelli R, Budriesi P, Viola H. Persistence of spatial memory induced by spaced training involves a behavioral-tagging process. Neuroscience 2022; 497:215-227. [PMID: 35276307 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Spaced training, which involves long inter-trial intervals, has positive effects on memories. One of the main attributes of long-term memories (LTM) is persistence. Here, to identify the process that promotes LTM persistence by spaced learning, we used the spatial object recognition (SOR) task. The protocol consisted of a first strong training session that induced LTM formation (tested 1 day after training), but not LTM persistence (tested 7 or 14 days after training); and a second weak training session that promoted memory persistence when applied 1 day, but not 7 days, after the first training. We propose that the promotion of memory persistence is based on the Behavioral Tagging (BT) mechanism operating when the memory trace is retrieved. BT involves the setting of a tag induced by learning which gives rise to input selectivity, and the use of plasticity-related proteins (PRPs) to establish the mnemonic trace. We postulate that retraining will mainly retag the sites initially activated by the original learning, where the PRPs needed for memory expression and/or induced by retrieval would be used to maintain a persistent mnemonic trace. Our results suggest that the mechanism of memory expression, but not those of memory reinforcement or reconsolidation, is necessary to promote memory persistence after retraining. The molecular mechanisms involve ERKs1/2 activity to set the SOR learning tag, and the availability of GluA2-containing AMPA receptor. In conclusion, both the synthesis of PRPs and the setting of a learning tag are key processes triggered by retraining that allow SOR memory persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Correa
- Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Memoria, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Tintorelli
- Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Memoria, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Budriesi
- Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Memoria, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H Viola
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular "Dr. Héctor Maldonado" (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Memoria, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Trauma-like exposure alters neuronal apoptosis, Bin1, Fkbp5 and NR2B expression in an amyloid-beta (1-42) rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 190:107611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gros A, Lim AWH, Hohendorf V, White N, Eckert M, McHugh TJ, Wang SH. Behavioral and Cellular Tagging in Young and in Early Cognitive Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:809879. [PMID: 35283750 PMCID: PMC8907879 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.809879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to maintain relevant information on a daily basis is negatively impacted by aging. However, the neuronal mechanism manifesting memory persistence in young animals and memory decline in early aging is not fully understood. A novel event, when introduced around encoding of an everyday memory task, can facilitate memory persistence in young age but not in early aging. Here, we investigated in male rats how sub-regions of the hippocampus are involved in memory representation in behavioral tagging and how early aging affects such representation by combining behavioral training in appetitive delayed-matching-to-place tasks with the “cellular compartment analysis of temporal activity by fluorescence in situ hybridization” technique. We show that neuronal assemblies activated by memory encoding were also partially activated by novelty, particularly in the distal CA1 and proximal CA3 subregions in young male rats. In early aging, both encoding- and novelty-triggered neuronal populations were significantly reduced with a more profound effect in encoding neurons. Thus, memory persistence through novelty facilitation engages overlapping hippocampal assemblies as a key cellular signature, and cognitive aging is associated with underlying reduction in neuronal activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gros
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Amos W. H. Lim
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Hohendorf
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole White
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Eckert
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Thomas John McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Szu-Han Wang
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Szu-Han Wang,
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Mercerón-Martínez D, Almaguer-Melian W, Bergado JA. Basolateral amygdala stimulation plus water maze training restore dentate gyrus LTP and improve spatial learning and memory. Behav Brain Res 2022; 417:113589. [PMID: 34547342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is a key mechanism of neural plasticity involved in learning and memory. A reduced or impaired synaptic plasticity could lead to a deficient learning and memory. On the other hand, besides reducing hipocampal dependent learning and memory, fimbria-fornix lesion affects LTP. However, we have consistently shown that stimulation of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) 15 min after water maze training is able to improve spatial learning and memory in fimbria fornix lesioned rats while also inducing changes in the expression of plasticity-related genes expression in memory associated brain regions like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. In this study we test that hypothesis: whether BLA stimulation 15 min after water maze training can improve LTP in the hippocampus of fimbria-fornix lesioned rats. To address this question, we trained fimbria-fornix lesioned rats in water maze for four consecutive days, and the BLA was bilaterally stimulated 15 min after each training session.Our data show that trained fimbria-fornix lesioned rats develop a partially improved LTP in dentated gyrus compared with the non-trained fimbria-fornix lesioned rats. In contrast, dentated gyrus LTP in trained and BLA stimulated fimbria-fornix lesioned rats improved significantly compared to the trained fimbria-fornix lesioned rats, but was not different from that shown by healthy animals. BLA stimulation in non-trained FF lesioned rats did not improve LTP; instead produces a transient synaptic depression. Restoration of the ability to develop LTP by the combination of training and BLA stimulation would be one of the mechanisms involved in ameliorating memory deficits in lesioned animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge A Bergado
- Universidad del Sinú "Elías Bechara Zainum", Montería, Colombia.
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10
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Lima KR, da Rosa ACDS, Picua SS, E Silva SS, Soares NM, Mello-Carpes PB. Novelty promotes recognition memory persistence by D1 dopamine receptor and protein kinase A signalling in rat hippocampus. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:78-90. [PMID: 34904283 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Strategies for improving memory are increasingly studied, and exposure to a novel experience can be an efficient neuromodulator. Novelty effects on memory depend on D1-family dopamine receptors (D1Rs) activation. Here, we evaluated the novelty effect on memory persistence of Wistar rats and investigated the contribution of D1Rs and their signalling pathways by protein kinase A (PKA) and C (PKC). Animals with infusion cannulae inserted into the CA1 hippocampus area were trained on the novel object recognition (NOR) task, which involved exploring two different objects. After training, some rats received intrahippocampal infusions of vehicle or D1Rs agonist; others explored a novel environment for 5 min and were infused with a variety of drugs targeting D1Rs and their signalling pathways. We demonstrated that pharmacological stimulation of D1Rs or novelty exposure promoted NOR memory persistence for 14 days and that the novelty effect depended on D1Rs activation. To determine if the D1 and D5 receptor subtypes were necessary for the impact of novelty exposure on memory, we blocked or stimulated PKA or PKC-protein kinases activated mainly by D1 and D5, respectively. Only PKA inhibition impaired the effect of novelty on memory persistence. After novelty and D1Rs blocking, PKA but not PKC stimulation maintained the memory persistence effect. Thus, we concluded that novelty promoted memory persistence by a mechanism-dependent on activating hippocampal D1Rs and PKA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Ramires Lima
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | | | - Steffanie Severo Picua
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Shara Souza E Silva
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Náthaly Marks Soares
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Billig Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
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11
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Bin Ibrahim MZ, Benoy A, Sajikumar S. Long-term plasticity in the hippocampus: maintaining within and 'tagging' between synapses. FEBS J 2021; 289:2176-2201. [PMID: 34109726 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synapses between neurons are malleable biochemical structures, strengthening and diminishing over time dependent on the type of information they receive. This phenomenon known as synaptic plasticity underlies learning and memory, and its different forms, long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), perform varied cognitive roles in reinforcement, relearning and associating memories. Moreover, both LTP and LTD can exist in an early transient form (early-LTP/LTD) or a late persistent form (late-LTP/LTD), which are triggered by different induction protocols, and also differ in their dependence on protein synthesis and the involvement of key molecular players. Beyond homosynaptic modifications, synapses can also interact with one another. This is encapsulated in the synaptic tagging and capture hypothesis (STC), where synapses expressing early-LTP/LTD present a 'tag' that can capture the protein synthesis products generated during a temporally proximal late-LTP/LTD induction. This 'tagging' phenomenon forms the framework of synaptic interactions in various conditions and accounts for the cellular basis of the time-dependent associativity of short-lasting and long-lasting memories. All these synaptic modifications take place under controlled neuronal conditions, regulated by subcellular elements such as epigenetic regulation, proteasomal degradation and neuromodulatory signals. Here, we review current understanding of the different forms of synaptic plasticity and its regulatory mechanisms in the hippocampus, a brain region critical for memory formation. We also discuss expression of plasticity in hippocampal CA2 area, a long-overlooked narrow hippocampal subfield and the behavioural correlate of STC. Lastly, we put forth perspectives for an integrated view of memory representation in synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zaki Bin Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amrita Benoy
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Lopes da Cunha P, Tintorelli R, Correa J, Budriesi P, Viola H. Behavioral tagging as a mechanism for aversive-memory formation under acute stress. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:2651-2665. [PMID: 33914357 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The behavioral tagging (BT) hypothesis postulates that a weak learning experience, which only induces short-term memory, may benefit from another event that provides plasticity-related proteins (PRPs) to establish a long-lasting memory. According to BT, the weak experience sets a transient learning tag at specific activated sites, and its temporal and spatial convergence with the PRPs allows the long-term memory (LTM) formation. In this work, rats were subjected to a weak inhibitory avoidance (IAw) training and we observed that acute stress (elevated platform, EP) experienced 1 hr before IAw promoted IA-LTM formation. This effect was dependent on glucocorticoid-receptor activity as well as protein synthesis in the dorsal hippocampus. However, the same stress has negative effects on IA-LTM formation when training is strong, probably by competing for necessary PRPs. Furthermore, our experiments showed that EP immediately after training did not impair the setting of the learning tag and even facilitated IA-LTM formation. These findings reveal different impacts of a given acute stressful experience on the formation of an aversive memory that could be explained by BT processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Lopes da Cunha
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Tintorelli
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Correa
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Budriesi
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haydee Viola
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular "Dr. Hector Maldonado" (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Abstract
Memory reconsolidation occurs when a retrieving event destabilizes transiently a consolidated memory, triggering thereby a new process of restabilization that ensures memory persistence. Although this phenomenon has received wide attention, the effect of new information cooccurring with the reconsolidation process has been less explored. Here we demonstrate that a memory-retrieving event sets a neural tag, which enables the reconsolidation of memory after binding proteins provided by the original or a different contiguous experience. We characterized the specific temporal window during which this association is effective and identified the protein kinase A (PKA) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) pathways as the mechanisms related to the setting of the reconsolidation tag and the synthesis of proteins. Our results show, therefore, that memory reconsolidation is mediated by a "behavioral tagging" process, which is common to different memory forms. They represent a significant advance in understanding the fate of memories reconsolidated while being adjacent to other events, and provide a tool for designing noninvasive strategies to attenuate (pathological/traumatic) or improve (education-related) memories.
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Facilitation of fear extinction by novelty is modulated by β-adrenergic and 5-HT1A serotoninergic receptors in hippocampus. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 166:107101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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15
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PKM-ζ Expression Is Important in Consolidation of Memory in Prelimbic Cortex Formed by the Process of Behavioral Tagging. Neuroscience 2019; 410:305-315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Loprinzi PD, Ponce P, Frith E. Hypothesized mechanisms through which acute exercise influences episodic memory. Physiol Int 2018; 105:285-297. [PMID: 30525869 DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.4.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Emerging research demonstrates that exercise is favorably associated with several cognitive outcomes, including episodic memory function. The majority of the mechanistic work describing the underlying mechanisms of this effect has focused on chronic exercise engagement. Such mechanisms include, e.g., chronic exercise-induced neurogenesis, gliogenesis, angiogenesis, cerebral circulation, and growth factor production. Less research has examined the mechanisms through which acute (vs. chronic) exercise subserves episodic memory function. The purpose of this review is to discuss these potential underlying mechanisms, which include, e.g., acute exercise-induced (via several pathways, such as vagus nerve and muscle spindle stimulation) alterations in neurotransmitters, synaptic tagging/capturing, associativity, and psychological attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Loprinzi
- 1 Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi , Oxford, MS, USA
| | - P Ponce
- 1 Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi , Oxford, MS, USA
| | - E Frith
- 1 Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi , Oxford, MS, USA
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Mondal AC, Fatima M. Direct and indirect evidences of BDNF and NGF as key modulators in depression: role of antidepressants treatment. Int J Neurosci 2018; 129:283-296. [PMID: 30235967 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1527328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depression is one of the most prevalent, recurrent and life-threatening mental illnesses. However, the precise mechanism underlying the disorder is not yet clearly understood. It is therefore, essential to identify the novel biomarkers which may help in the development of effective treatment. METHODS In this milieu, the profile of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were considered as biomarkers in the light of pathophysiology of depression and its treatment. RESULTS Previously, we have reported that BDNF level in the postmortem brain of suicide victims was significantly lower than those of normal controls. We also found decreased BDNF levels in the specific brain regions of the learned helplessness model of depression in rat, and was found to increase normal level following chronic fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment. NGF is another important member of neurotrophin, which is dysregulated in the pathophysiology of depression in some models of peripheral nerve damage and stress. The results shown evidences of the effect of antidepressants on modulating depression via the NGF in preclinical and clinical models of depression, but conflicted, therefore make it currently difficult to affirm the therapeutic role of antidepressants. CONCLUSIONS Here, we review some of the preclinical and clinical studies aimed at disclosing the role of BDNF and NGF mediated pathophysiological mechanisms of depression and the new therapeutic approaches targeting those key molecules. In addition, an important link between BDNF, NGF and depression has been discussed in the light of current existing knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Chandra Mondal
- a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology , School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
| | - Mahino Fatima
- a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology , School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
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18
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Wang SH. Novelty enhances memory persistence and remediates propranolol-induced deficit via reconsolidation. Neuropharmacology 2018; 141:42-54. [PMID: 30125560 PMCID: PMC6178872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Memory reactivation has been shown to open a time window for memory modulation. The majority of the methodological or pharmacological approaches target disruption of reconsolidation to weaken aversive memories. However, methods to improve appetitive memory persistence through reconsolidation or to reverse drug-induced reconsolidation impairment are limited. To improve memory persistence, previous studies show that a novel event, introduced around the time of memory encoding, enables the persistence of an otherwise decayed memory. This is mainly through a memory consolidation process. The current study first investigated if a novel event introduced during memory reactivation improves memory persistence through reconsolidation. Using a rodent appetitive spatial paradigm, similar to the human everyday experience of recalling where an item is located, a novel event around memory reactivation facilitated the persistence of spatial memory. This facilitation did not occur when the novel event was omitted and the protein synthesis-dependent reconsolidation was not affected by zif268 anti-sense in the dorsal hippocampus. Furthermore, beta-adrenergic antagonists, propranolol, impaired reconsolidation of appetitive spatial memory and contextual fear conditioning. A novel event after memory reactivation could reverse this impairment due to propranolol. Together, this study provides methods and confirmation for improving memory persistence during memory reactivation and reconsolidation. A novel event can reverse memory impairment caused by interfering reconsolidation with a noradrenergic β-blocker. Immediate-early gene, zif268, is not required for protein synthesis-dependent reconsolidation of appetitive spatial memory. A novel event can reverse the memory impairment caused by blocking reconsolidation with the noradrenergic beta-blocker propranolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Han Wang
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.
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19
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Improving effect of mild foot electrical stimulation on pentylenetetrazole-induced impairment of learning and memory. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 84:83-87. [PMID: 29754109 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that affects learning and memory. Recently it has been shown that mild foot electrical stimulation (MFES) can increase learning and memory in normal rats. Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling is a model of human epilepsy. As with human epilepsy, PTZ kindling impairs learning and memory in rats. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect MFES on kindling-induced learning and memory deficits in rats. Forty-nine male Wistar rats weighting 200 to 250 g were divided into the following seven groups: PTZ only, phenytoin only, MFES only, PTZ plus phenytoin, PTZ plus MFES, phenytoin plus MFES, and saline (control), with the treatments administered for 26 days. Forty-eight hours after the last injection, the animals performed the Morris water maze (MWM) task, and spatial learning and memory were measured. The results indicated that although chronic administration of phenytoin inhibited the development of PTZ kindling, it did not exert a protective effect against kindling-induced spatial learning and memory impairment in rats. On the other hand, pretreatment of PTZ-kindled animals with MFES significantly improved spatial working and reference memory. The results point to potential novel beneficial effects of MFES on learning and memory impairment induced by PTZ kindling in rats.
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20
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Abstract
Behavioral tagging is the transformation of a short-term memory induced by a weak experience into a long-term memory through temporal association with a novel experience. This phenomenon was discovered to recapitulate synaptic tagging and capture at the behavioral level. Significant progress has been made in determining the molecular machinery associated with synaptic tagging and capture and behavioral tagging theories. However, the tag setting and recruitment of plasticity-related proteins that occur within the spatiotemporally constrained cell ensemble at the network level (cellular tagging) in the brain where multimodal sensory information is input are just beginning to be understood. Here, we review the evidence for behavioral tagging and the mechanism underlying memory allocation at the network level leading to the overlap of cell ensembles. We also discuss the functional significance of overlapping cell ensembles in association of standard Pavlovian conditioning and distinct memories. Finally, we describe the role of neuronal ensemble overlap in behavioral tagging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Nomoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kaoru Inokuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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21
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Blanco-Lezcano L, Alberti-Amador E, Díaz-Hung ML, González-Fraguela ME, Estupiñán-Díaz B, Serrano-Sánchez T, Francis-Turner L, Jiménez-Martín J, Vega-Hurtado Y, Fernández-Jiménez I. Tyrosine Hydroxylase, Vesicular Monoamine Transporter and Dopamine Transporter mRNA Expression in Nigrostriatal Tissue of Rats with Pedunculopontine Neurotoxic Lesion. Behav Sci (Basel) 2018; 8:bs8020020. [PMID: 29389881 PMCID: PMC5836003 DOI: 10.3390/bs8020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The degeneration of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) precedes the degeneration of the nigral cells in the pre-symptomatic stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the literature recognizes that a lesion of the PPN increases the vulnerability of dopaminergic cells, it is unknown if this risk is associated with the loss of capability of handling the dopaminergic function. METHODS In this paper, the effects of a unilateral neurotoxic lesion of the PPN in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) and dopamine transporter (DAT) mRNA expression in nigrostriatal tissue were evaluated. Three experimental groups were organized: non-treated rats, NMDA-lesioned rats and Sham-operated rats. RESULTS Seven days after the PPN lesion, in nigral tissue, TH mRNA expression was higher in comparison with control groups (p < 0.05); in contrast, VMAT2 mRNA expression showed a significant decrease (p < 0.01). DAT mRNA expression showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in the striatal tissue. Comparing nigral neuronal density of injured and control rats revealed no significant difference seven days post-PPN injury. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that the PPN lesion modifies the mRNA expression of the proteins associated with dopaminergic homeostasis at nigrostriatal level. It could represent vulnerability signals for nigral dopaminergic cells and further increase the risk of degeneration of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Blanco-Lezcano
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
- Latinoamerican School of Medicine, Km 3½ Carretera Panamericana, Santa Fé. Playa, Havana 19148, Cuba.
| | - Esteban Alberti-Amador
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
| | - Mei-Li Díaz-Hung
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
- Latinoamerican School of Medicine, Km 3½ Carretera Panamericana, Santa Fé. Playa, Havana 19148, Cuba.
| | - María Elena González-Fraguela
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
- Latinoamerican School of Medicine, Km 3½ Carretera Panamericana, Santa Fé. Playa, Havana 19148, Cuba.
| | - Bárbara Estupiñán-Díaz
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
- Latinoamerican School of Medicine, Km 3½ Carretera Panamericana, Santa Fé. Playa, Havana 19148, Cuba.
| | - Teresa Serrano-Sánchez
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
- Latinoamerican School of Medicine, Km 3½ Carretera Panamericana, Santa Fé. Playa, Havana 19148, Cuba.
| | - Liliana Francis-Turner
- Experimental Group: "Experimental Models for Zoo-Human Sciences", Faculty of Sciences, Tolima University, 42nd Street, Barrio Santa Elena, Parte Alta, CP 730001, Colombia.
| | - Javier Jiménez-Martín
- Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Yamilé Vega-Hurtado
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
| | - Isabel Fernández-Jiménez
- Experimental Neurophysiology Department, International Center of Neurological Restoration (CIREN) Ave. 25 No. 15805 e/158 and 160, Playa, Havana 11300, Cuba.
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Shivarama Shetty M, Sajikumar S. 'Tagging' along memories in aging: Synaptic tagging and capture mechanisms in the aged hippocampus. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:22-35. [PMID: 28065806 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a general decline in the physiological functions of the body with the deteriorating organ systems. Brain is no exception to this and deficits in cognitive functions are quite common in advanced aging. Though a variety of age-related alterations are observed in the structure and function throughout the brain, certain regions show selective vulnerability. Medial temporal lobe, especially the hippocampus, is one such preferentially vulnerable region and is a crucial structure involved in the learning and long-term memory functions. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity, such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD), are candidate cellular correlates of learning and memory and alterations in these properties have been well documented in aging. A related phenomenon called synaptic tagging and capture (STC) has been proposed as a mechanism for cellular memory consolidation and to account for temporal association of memories. Mounting evidences from behavioral settings suggest that STC could be a physiological phenomenon. In this article, we review the recent data concerning STC and provide a framework for how alterations in STC-related mechanisms could contribute to the age-associated memory impairments. The enormity of impairment in learning and memory functions demands an understanding of age-associated memory deficits at the fundamental level given its impact in the everyday tasks, thereby in the quality of life. Such an understanding is also crucial for designing interventions and preventive measures for successful brain aging.
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23
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Blanco-Lezcano L, Jimenez-Martin J, Díaz-Hung ML, Alberti-Amador E, Wong-Guerra M, González-Fraguela ME, Estupiñán-Díaz B, Serrano-Sánchez T, Francis-Turner L, Delgado-Ocaña S, Núñez-Figueredo Y, Vega-Hurtado Y, Fernández-Jiménez I. Motor dysfunction and alterations in glutathione concentration, cholinesterase activity, and BDNF expression in substantia nigra pars compacta in rats with pedunculopontine lesion. Neuroscience 2017; 348:83-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Patarroyo WE, García-Perez M, Lamprea M, Múnera A, Troncoso J. Vibrissal paralysis produces increased corticosterone levels and impairment of spatial memory retrieval. Behav Brain Res 2017; 320:58-66. [PMID: 27913253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This research was aimed at establishing how the absence of active whisking in rats affects acquisition and recovery of spatial memory. The mystacial vibrissae were irreversibly paralyzed by cutting the facial nerve's mandibular and buccal branches bilaterally in the facial nerve lesion group (N=14); control animals were submitted to sham-surgery (N=15). Sham-operated (N=11) and facial nerve-lesioned (N=10) animals were trained (one session, eight acquisition trials) and tested 24h later in a circular Barnes maze. It was found that facial nerve lesioned-animals adequately acquired the spatial task, but had impaired recovery of it when tested 24h after training as compared to control ones. Plasma corticosterone levels were measured after memory testing in four randomly chosen animals of each trained group and after a single training trial in the maze in additional facial nerve-lesioned (N=4) and sham-operated animals (N=4). Significant differences respecting the elevation of corticosterone concentration after either a single training trial or memory testing indicated that stress response was enhanced in facial nerve-lesioned animals as compared to control ones. Increased corticosterone levels during training and testing might have elicited the observed whisker paralysis-induced spatial memory retrieval impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Patarroyo
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Neurosciences Laboratory, Psychology Department, School of Human Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Milady García-Perez
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Neurosciences Laboratory, Psychology Department, School of Human Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marisol Lamprea
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Neurosciences Laboratory, Psychology Department, School of Human Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Múnera
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julieta Troncoso
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Biology Department, School of Science, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
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25
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Katche C, Tomaiuolo M, Dorman G, Medina JH, Viola H. Novelty during a late postacquisition time window attenuates the persistence of fear memory. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35220. [PMID: 27734911 PMCID: PMC5062250 DOI: 10.1038/srep35220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning to avoid threats in the environment is highly adaptive. However, sometimes a dysregulation of fear memories processing may underlie fear-related disorders. Despite recent advances, a major question of how to effectively attenuate persistent fear memories in a safe manner remains unresolved. Here we show experiments employing a behavioural tool to target a specific time window after training to limit the persistence of a fear memory in rats. We observed that exposure to a novel environment 11 h after an inhibitory avoidance (IA) training that induces a long-lasting memory, attenuates the durability of IA memory but not its formation. This effect is time-restricted and not seen when the environment is familiar. In addition, novelty-induced attenuation of IA memory durability is prevented by the intrahippocampal infusion of the CaMKs inhibitor KN-93. This new behavioural approach which targets a specific time window during late memory consolidation, might represent a new tool for reducing the durability of persistent fear memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Katche
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (UBA-CONICET), UBA, Paraguay 2155, 3 piso, Buenos Aires (C1121ABG), Argentina
| | - Micol Tomaiuolo
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (UBA-CONICET), UBA, Paraguay 2155, 3 piso, Buenos Aires (C1121ABG), Argentina
| | - Guido Dorman
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (UBA-CONICET), UBA, Paraguay 2155, 3 piso, Buenos Aires (C1121ABG), Argentina
| | - Jorge H Medina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (UBA-CONICET), UBA, Paraguay 2155, 3 piso, Buenos Aires (C1121ABG), Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, Paraguay 2155, 7 piso, Buenos Aires (C1121ABG), Argentina
| | - Haydee Viola
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina "Dr Eduardo De Robertis" (UBA-CONICET), UBA, Paraguay 2155, 3 piso, Buenos Aires (C1121ABG), Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular Dr Hector Maldonado, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (C1428EGA), Argentina
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26
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Vargas-López V, Lamprea MR, Múnera A. Histone deacetylase inhibition abolishes stress-induced spatial memory impairment. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 134 Pt B:328-38. [PMID: 27544851 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Acute stress induced before spatial training impairs memory consolidation. Although non-epigenetic underpinning of such effect has been described, the epigenetic mechanisms involved have not yet been studied. Since spatial training and intense stress have opposite effects on histone acetylation balance, it is conceivable that disruption of such balance may underlie acute stress-induced spatial memory consolidation impairment and that inhibiting histone deacetylases prevents such effect. Trichostatin-A (TSA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor) was used to test its effectiveness in preventing stress' deleterious effect on memory. Male Wistar rats were trained in a spatial task in the Barnes maze; 1-h movement restraint was applied to half of them before training. Immediately after training, stressed and non-stressed animals were randomly assigned to receive either TSA (1mg/kg) or vehicle intraperitoneal injection. Twenty-four hours after training, long-term spatial memory was tested; plasma and brain tissue were collected immediately after the memory test to evaluate corticosterone levels and histone H3 acetylation in several brain areas. Stressed animals receiving vehicle displayed memory impairment, increased plasma corticosterone levels and markedly reduced histone H3 acetylation in prelimbic cortex and hippocampus. Such effects did not occur in stressed animals treated with TSA. The aforementioned results support the hypothesis that acute stress induced-memory impairment is related to histone deacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Vargas-López
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marisol R Lamprea
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Psychology Department, School of Human Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Múnera
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Moncada D. Evidence of VTA and LC control of protein synthesis required for the behavioral tagging process. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 138:226-237. [PMID: 27291857 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several works have shown that the formation of different long-term memories relies on a behavioral tagging process. In other words, to establish a lasting memory, at least two parallel processes must occur: the setting of a learning tag (triggered during learning) that defines where a memory could be stored, and the synthesis of proteins, that once captured at tagged sites will effectively allow the consolidation process to occur. This work focused in studying which brain structures are responsible of controlling the synthesis of those proteins at the brain areas where memory is being stored. It combines electrical activation of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and/or the locus coeruleus (LC), with local pharmacological interventions and weak and strong behavioral trainings in the inhibitory avoidance and spatial object recognition tasks in rats. The results presented here strongly support the idea that the VTA is a brain structure responsible for regulating the consolidation of memories acting through the D1/D5 dopaminergic receptors of the hippocampus to control the synthesis of new proteins required for this process. Moreover, they provide evidence that the LC may be a second structure with a similar role, acting independently and complementary to the VTA, through the β-adrenergic receptors of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Moncada
- Neurophysiology of Learning and Memory Research Group, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckstr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 3° Piso, CP 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Vishnoi S, Raisuddin S, Parvez S. Behavioral tagging: A novel model for studying long-term memory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:361-369. [PMID: 27216211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
New information acquired by our brain is stored in the form of two types of memories: short term memory (STM) and long term memory (LTM). Initially, Synaptic and Capture hypothesis has been proposed to describe the synaptic changes that occur during memory formation. However, recently Behavioral Tagging hypothesis was proposed that relies on the setting of a learning tag and the synthesis of plasticity related proteins (PRPs). Behavioral Tagging has its roots in Synaptic and Capture hypothesis. It seeks to explain that how a learning tag produced as a result of weak training can be paired up with PRPs (formed as a result of novelty) and can lead to long lasting memories. We have focused on describing behavioral paradigms that have been used for establishing the model of "Behavioral Tagging" and the molecules which qualify for potential PRP candidature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Vishnoi
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India.
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Abstract
Fear memory is the best-studied form of memory. It was thoroughly investigated in the past 60 years mostly using two classical conditioning procedures (contextual fear conditioning and fear conditioning to a tone) and one instrumental procedure (one-trial inhibitory avoidance). Fear memory is formed in the hippocampus (contextual conditioning and inhibitory avoidance), in the basolateral amygdala (inhibitory avoidance), and in the lateral amygdala (conditioning to a tone). The circuitry involves, in addition, the pre- and infralimbic ventromedial prefrontal cortex, the central amygdala subnuclei, and the dentate gyrus. Fear learning models, notably inhibitory avoidance, have also been very useful for the analysis of the biochemical mechanisms of memory consolidation as a whole. These studies have capitalized on in vitro observations on long-term potentiation and other kinds of plasticity. The effect of a very large number of drugs on fear learning has been intensively studied, often as a prelude to the investigation of effects on anxiety. The extinction of fear learning involves to an extent a reversal of the flow of information in the mentioned structures and is used in the therapy of posttraumatic stress disorder and fear memories in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Izquierdo
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R. G. Furini
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jociane C. Myskiw
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Tomaiuolo M, Katche C, Viola H, Medina JH. Evidence of Maintenance Tagging in the Hippocampus for the Persistence of Long-Lasting Memory Storage. Neural Plast 2015; 2015:603672. [PMID: 26380116 PMCID: PMC4561985 DOI: 10.1155/2015/603672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The synaptic tagging and capture (STC) hypothesis provides a compelling explanation for synaptic specificity and facilitation of long-term potentiation. Its implication on long-term memory (LTM) formation led to postulate the behavioral tagging mechanism. Here we show that a maintenance tagging process may operate in the hippocampus late after acquisition for the persistence of long-lasting memory storage. The proposed maintenance tagging has several characteristics: (1) the tag is transient and time-dependent; (2) it sets in a late critical time window after an aversive training which induces a short-lasting LTM; (3) exposing rats to a novel environment specifically within this tag time window enables the consolidation to a long-lasting LTM; (4) a familiar environment exploration was not effective; (5) the effect of novelty on the promotion of memory persistence requires dopamine D1/D5 receptors and Arc expression in the dorsal hippocampus. The present results can be explained by a broader version of the behavioral tagging hypothesis and highlight the idea that the durability of a memory trace depends either on late tag mechanisms induced by a training session or on events experienced close in time to this tag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micol Tomaiuolo
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Dr. Eduardo De Robertis”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cynthia Katche
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Dr. Eduardo De Robertis”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haydee Viola
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Dr. Eduardo De Robertis”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular Dr. Hector Maldonado, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge H. Medina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Dr. Eduardo De Robertis”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Behavioral Tagging: A Translation of the Synaptic Tagging and Capture Hypothesis. Neural Plast 2015; 2015:650780. [PMID: 26380117 PMCID: PMC4562088 DOI: 10.1155/2015/650780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Similar molecular machinery is activated in neurons following an electrical stimulus that induces synaptic changes and after learning sessions that trigger memory formation. Then, to achieve perdurability of these processes protein synthesis is required for the reinforcement of the changes induced in the network. The synaptic tagging and capture theory provided a strong framework to explain synaptic specificity and persistence of electrophysiological induced plastic changes. Ten years later, the behavioral tagging hypothesis (BT) made use of the same argument, applying it to learning and memory models. The hypothesis postulates that the formation of lasting memories relies on at least two processes: the setting of a learning tag and the synthesis of plasticity related proteins, which once captured at tagged sites allow memory consolidation. BT explains how weak events, only capable of inducing transient forms of memories, can result in lasting memories when occurring close in time with other behaviorally relevant experiences that provide proteins. In this review, we detail the findings supporting the existence of BT process in rodents, leading to the consolidation, persistence, and interference of a memory. We focus on the molecular machinery taking place in these processes and describe the experimental data supporting the BT in humans.
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Role of hippocampal β-adrenergic and glucocorticoid receptors in the novelty-induced enhancement of fear extinction. J Neurosci 2015; 35:8308-21. [PMID: 26019344 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0005-15.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fear extinction forms a new memory but does not erase the original fear memory. Exposure to novelty facilitates transfer of short-term extinction memory to long-lasting memory. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Using a classical contextual fear-conditioning model, we investigated the effect of novelty on long-lasting extinction memory in rats. We found that exposure to a novel environment but not familiar environment 1 h before or after extinction enhanced extinction long-term memory (LTM) and reduced fear reinstatement. However, exploring novelty 6 h before or after extinction had no such effect. Infusion of the β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) inhibitor propranolol and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) inhibitor RU486 into the CA1 area of the dorsal hippocampus before novelty exposure blocked the effect of novelty on extinction memory. Propranolol prevented activation of the hippocampal PKA-CREB pathway, and RU486 prevented activation of the hippocampal extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2)-CREB pathway induced by novelty exposure. These results indicate that the hippocampal βAR-PKA-CREB and GR-Erk1/2-CREB pathways mediate the extinction-enhancing effect of novelty exposure. Infusion of RU486 or the Erk1/2 inhibitor U0126, but not propranolol or the PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMPS, into the CA1 before extinction disrupted the formation of extinction LTM, suggesting that hippocampal GR and Erk1/2 but not βAR or PKA play critical roles in this process. These results indicate that novelty promotes extinction memory via hippocampal βAR- and GR-dependent pathways, and Erk1/2 may serve as a behavioral tag of extinction.
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The learning of fear extinction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 47:670-83. [PMID: 25452113 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent work on the extinction of fear-motivated learning places emphasis on its putative circuitry and on its modulation. Extinction is the learned inhibition of retrieval of previously acquired responses. Fear extinction is used as a major component of exposure therapy in the treatment of fear memories such as those of the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is initiated and maintained by interactions between the hippocampus, basolateral amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, which involve feedback regulation of the latter by the other two areas. Fear extinction depends on NMDA receptor activation. It is positively modulated by d-serine acting on the glycine site of NMDA receptors and blocked by AP5 (2-amino-5-phosphono propionate) in the three structures. In addition, histamine acting on H2 receptors and endocannabinoids acting on CB1 receptors in the three brain areas mentioned, and muscarinic cholinergic fibers from the medial septum to hippocampal CA1 positively modulate fear extinction. Importantly, fear extinction can be made state-dependent on circulating epinephrine, which may play a role in situations of stress. Exposure to a novel experience can strongly enhance the consolidation of fear extinction through a synaptic tagging and capture mechanism; this may be useful in the therapy of states caused by fear memory like PTSD.
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34
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Almaguer-Melian W, Mercerón-Martínez D, Pavón-Fuentes N, Alberti-Amador E, Leon-Martinez R, Ledón N, Delgado Ocaña S, Bergado Rosado JA. Erythropoietin Promotes Neural Plasticity and Spatial Memory Recovery in Fimbria-Fornix-Lesioned Rats. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2015; 29:979-88. [PMID: 25847024 DOI: 10.1177/1545968315572389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythropoietin (EPO) upregulates the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, a central signaling pathway in cellular plastic mechanisms, and is critical for normal brain development. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that EPO could modulate the plasticity mechanisms supporting spatial memory recovery in fimbria-fornix-transected animals. METHODS Fimbria-fornix was transected in 3 groups of rats. Seven days later, EPO was injected daily for 4 consecutive days within 10 minutes after training on a water maze task. RESULTS Our results show that EPO injections 10 minutes after training produced a substantial spatial memory recovery in fimbria-fornix-lesioned animals. In contrast, an EPO injection shortly after fimbria-fornix lesion surgery does not promote spatial-memory recovery. Neither does daily EPO injection 5 hours after the water maze performance. EPO, on the other hand, induced the expression of plasticity-related genes like arc and bdnf, but this effect was independent of training or lesion. CONCLUSIONS This finding supports our working hypothesis that EPO can modulate transient neuroplastic mechanisms triggered by training in lesioned animals. Consequently, we propose that EPO administration can be a useful trophic factor to promote neural restoration when given in combination with training.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nuris Ledón
- Centro de Inmunología Molecular, La Habana, Cuba
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35
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Menezes J, Alves N, Borges S, Roehrs R, de Carvalho Myskiw J, Furini CRG, Izquierdo I, Mello-Carpes PB. Facilitation of fear extinction by novelty depends on dopamine acting on D1-subtype dopamine receptors in hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E1652-8. [PMID: 25775606 PMCID: PMC4386331 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1502295112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Extinction is the learned inhibition of retrieval. Recently it was shown that a brief exposure to a novel environment enhances the extinction of contextual fear in rats, an effect explainable by a synaptic tagging-and-capture process. Here we examine whether this also happens with the extinction of another fear-motivated task, inhibitory avoidance (IA), and whether it depends on dopamine acting on D1 or D5 receptors. Rats were trained first in IA and then in extinction of this task. The retention of extinction was measured 24 h later. A 5-min exposure to a novel environment 30 min before extinction training enhanced its retention. Right after exposure to the novelty, animals were given bilateral intrahippocampal infusions of vehicle (VEH), of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, of the D1/D5 dopaminergic antagonist SCH23390, of the PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMP or of the PKC inhibitor Gö6976, and of the PKA stimulator Sp-cAMP or of the PKC stimulator PMA. The novelty increased hippocampal dopamine levels and facilitated the extinction, which was inhibited by intrahippocampal protein synthesis inhibitor anisomysin, D1/D5 dopaminerdic antagonist SCH23390, or PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMP and unaffected by PKC inhibitor Gö6976; additionally, the hippocampal infusion of PKA stimulator Sp-cAMP reverts the effect of D1/D5 dopaminergic antagonist SCH 23390, but the infusion of PKC stimulator PMA does not. The results attest to the generality of the novelty effect on fear extinction, suggest that it relies on synaptic tagging and capture, and show that it depends on hippocampal dopamine D1 but not D5 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Menezes
- Stress, Memory and Behavior Laboratory, Federal University of Pampa, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; and
| | - Niége Alves
- Stress, Memory and Behavior Laboratory, Federal University of Pampa, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; and
| | - Sidnei Borges
- Stress, Memory and Behavior Laboratory, Federal University of Pampa, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; and
| | - Rafael Roehrs
- Stress, Memory and Behavior Laboratory, Federal University of Pampa, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; and
| | - Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivan Izquierdo
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmela B Mello-Carpes
- Stress, Memory and Behavior Laboratory, Federal University of Pampa, 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; and
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de Carvalho Myskiw J, Furini CRG, Schmidt B, Ferreira F, Izquierdo I. Extinction learning, which consists of the inhibition of retrieval, can be learned without retrieval. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E230-3. [PMID: 25550507 PMCID: PMC4299186 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1423465112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study we test the hypothesis that extinction is not a consequence of retrieval in unreinforced conditioned stimulus (CS) presentation but the mere perception of the CS in the absence of a conditioned response. Animals with cannulae implanted in the CA1 region of hippocampus were subjected to extinction of contextual fear conditioning. Muscimol infused intra-CA1 before an extinction training session of contextual fear conditioning (CFC) blocks retrieval but not consolidation of extinction measured 24 h later. Additionally, this inhibition of retrieval does not affect early persistence of extinction when tested 7 d later or its spontaneous recovery after 2 wk. Furthermore, both anisomycin, an inhibitor of ribosomal protein synthesis, and rapamycin, an inhibitor of extraribosomal protein synthesis, given into the CA1, impair extinction of CFC regardless of whether its retrieval was blocked by muscimol. Therefore, retrieval performance in the first unreinforced session is not necessary for the installation, maintenance, or spontaneous recovery of extinction of CFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Schmidt
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia Ferreira
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivan Izquierdo
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Bernier BE, Lacagnina AF, Drew MR. Potent attenuation of context fear by extinction training contiguous with acquisition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:31-8. [PMID: 25512575 PMCID: PMC4274325 DOI: 10.1101/lm.036673.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the behavioral mechanisms underlying contextual fear conditioning (CFC) have demonstrated the importance of preshock context exposure in the formation of aversive context memories. However, there has been comparatively little investigation of the effects of context exposure immediately after the shock. Some models predict that nonreinforced context exposure at the end of the acquisition session will strongly influence the strength of conditioning and/or recruit distinct neural mechanisms relative to extinction after acquisition. Here we investigate the effects of manipulating postshock context exposure on CFC in mice. Prolonging the period of context exposure immediately following the shock caused a significant and durable reduction in conditioned fear. This immediate postshock context exposure was more effective at attenuating conditioned fear than was an equivalent amount of context exposure a day or more after acquisition. The results suggest that nonreinforced exposure to the context influences conditioned fear through distinct mechanisms depending on whether it occurs during acquisition or after it. The superiority of immediate postshock context exposure was specific to single-shock CFC; in two-shock CFC, immediate and delayed postshock context exposure had similar effects. Consistent with previous reports, we hypothesize that the effectiveness of extinction is modulated by emotional state, and procedures engendering higher postshock freezing (such as two-shock CFC) are associated with weaker immediate extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Bernier
- Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Anthony F Lacagnina
- Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Michael R Drew
- Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
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38
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Modulation of the extinction of fear learning. Brain Res Bull 2014; 105:61-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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de Carvalho Myskiw J, Furini CRG, Benetti F, Izquierdo I. Hippocampal molecular mechanisms involved in the enhancement of fear extinction caused by exposure to novelty. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:4572-7. [PMID: 24591622 PMCID: PMC3970530 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1400423111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to a novel environment enhances the extinction of contextual fear. This has been explained by tagging of the hippocampal synapses used in extinction, followed by capture of proteins from the synapses that process novelty. The effect is blocked by the inhibition of hippocampal protein synthesis following the novelty or the extinction. Here, we show that it can also be blocked by the postextinction or postnovelty intrahippocampal infusion of the NMDA receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphono pentanoic acid; the inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide; or the blocker of L-voltage-dependent calcium channels (L-VDCCs), nifedipine. Inhibition of proteasomal protein degradation by β-lactacystin has no effect of its own on extinction or on the influence of novelty thereon but blocks the inhibitory effects of all the other substances except that of rapamycin on extinction, suggesting that their action depends on concomitant synaptic protein turnover. Thus, the tagging-and-capture mechanism through which novelty enhances fear extinction involves more molecular processes than hitherto thought: NMDA receptors, L-VDCCs, CaMKII, and synaptic protein turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando Benetti
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Ivan Izquierdo
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
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40
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Salvetti B, Morris RGM, Wang SH. The role of rewarding and novel events in facilitating memory persistence in a separate spatial memory task. Learn Mem 2014; 21:61-72. [PMID: 24429424 PMCID: PMC3895229 DOI: 10.1101/lm.032177.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Many insignificant events in our daily life are forgotten quickly but can be remembered for longer when other memory-modulating events occur before or after them. This phenomenon has been investigated in animal models in a protocol in which weak memories persist longer if exploration in a novel context is introduced around the time of memory encoding. This study aims to understand whether other types of rewarding or novel tasks, such as rewarded learning in a T-maze and novel object recognition, can also be effective memory-modulating events. Rats were trained in a delayed matching-to-place task to encode and retrieve food locations in an event arena. Weak encoding with only one food pellet at the sample location induced memory encoding but forgetting over 24 h. When this same weak encoding was followed by a rewarded task in a T-maze, the memory persisted for 24 h. Moreover, the same persistence of memory over 24 h could be achieved by exploration in a novel box or by a rewarded T-maze task after a “non-rewarded” weak encoding. When the one-pellet weak encoding was followed by novel object exploration, the memory did not persist at 24 h. Together, the results confirm that place encoding is possible without explicit reward, and that rewarded learning in a separate task lacking novelty can be an effective memory-modulating event. The behavioral and neurobiological implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Salvetti
- Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, United Kingdom
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41
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Furini CRG, Myskiw JC, Benetti F, Izquierdo I. New frontiers in the study of memory mechanisms. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2014; 35:173-7. [PMID: 23904024 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2012-1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We review recent work on three major lines of memory research: a) the possible role of the protein kinase M-zeta (PKMzeta) in memory persistence; b) the processes of "synaptic tagging and capture" in memory formation; c) the modulation of extinction learning, widely used in the psychotherapy of fear memories under the name of "exposure therapy". PKMzeta is a form of protein kinase C (PKC) that apparently remains stimulated for months after the consolidation of a given memory. Synaptic tagging is a mechanism whereby the weak activation of one synapse can tag it with a protein so other synapses in the same cell can reactivate it by producing other proteins that bind to the tag. Extinction, once mistakenly labeled as a form of forgetting, is by itself a form of learning; through it animals can learn to inhibit a response. We now know it can be modulated by neurotransmitters or by synaptic tagging, which should enable better control of its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane R G Furini
- Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Viola H, Ballarini F, Martínez MC, Moncada D. The tagging and capture hypothesis from synapse to memory. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2014; 122:391-423. [PMID: 24484708 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420170-5.00013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The synaptic tagging and capture theory (STC) was postulated by Frey and Morris in 1997 and provided a strong framework to explain how to achieve synaptic specificity and persistence of electrophysiological-induced plasticity changes. Ten years later, the same argument was applied on learning and memory models to explain the formation of long-term memories, resulting in the behavioral tagging hypothesis (BT). These hypotheses are able to explain how a weak event that induces transient changes in the brain can establish long-lasting phenomena through a tagging and capture process. In this framework, it was postulated that the weak event sets a tag that captures plasticity-related proteins/products (PRPs) synthesized by an independent strong event. The tagging and capture processes exhibit symmetry, and therefore, PRPs can be captured if they are synthesized either before or after the setting of the tag. In summary, the hypothesis provides a wide framework that gives a solid explanation of how lasting changes occur and how the interaction between different events leads to promotion, reinforcement, or impairment of such changes. In this chapter, we will summarize the postulates of STC hypothesis, the common features between synaptic plasticity and memory, as well as a detailed compilation of the findings supporting the existence of BT process. At the end, we pose some questions related to BT mechanism and LTM formation, which probably will be answered in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydée Viola
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabricio Ballarini
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Martínez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Moncada
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Prof. E. De Robertis", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Neurophysiology of Learning and Memory Research Group, Leibniz-Institut für Neurobiologie, Magdeburg, Germany
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Fonseca R. Asymmetrical synaptic cooperation between cortical and thalamic inputs to the amygdale. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:2675-87. [PMID: 23884343 PMCID: PMC3828539 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fear conditioning, a form of associative learning is thought to involve the induction of an associative long-term potentiation of cortical and thalamic inputs to the lateral amygdala. Here, we show that stimulation of the thalamic input can reinforce a transient form of plasticity (E-LTP) induced by weak stimulation of the cortical inputs. This synaptic cooperation occurs within a time window of 30 min, suggesting that synaptic integration at amygdala synapses can occur within large time windows. Interestingly, we found that synaptic cooperation is not symmetrical. Reinforcement of a thalamic E-LTP by subsequent cortical stimulation is only observed within a shorter time window. We found that activation of endocannabinoid CB1 receptors is involved in the time restriction of thalamic and cortical synaptic cooperation in an activity-dependent manner. Our results support the hypothesis that synaptic cooperation can underlie associative learning and that synaptic tagging and capture is a general mechanism in synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalina Fonseca
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Program at Gulbenkian Institute of Science, Oeiras, Portugal,Cellular and Systems Neuroscience, Gulbenkian Institute of Science, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, Oeiras 2850 Portugal, Tel: +351 214 404 664, Fax: +351 214 407 970, E-mail:
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Cassini LF, Sierra RO, Haubrich J, Crestani AP, Santana F, de Oliveira Alvares L, Quillfeldt JA. Memory reconsolidation allows the consolidation of a concomitant weak learning through a synaptic tagging and capture mechanism. Hippocampus 2013; 23:931-41. [PMID: 23733489 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Motivated by the synaptic tagging and capture (STC) hypothesis, it was recently shown that a weak learning, only able to produce short-term memory (STM), can succeed in establishing long-term memory (LTM) with a concomitant, stronger experience. This is consistent with the capture, by the first-tagged event, of the so-called plasticity-related proteins (PRPs) provided by the second one. Here, we describe how a concomitant session of reactivation/reconsolidation of a stronger, contextual fear conditioning (CFC) memory, allowed LTM to result from a weak spatial object recognition (wSOR) training. Consistent with an STC process, the effect was observed only during a critical time window and was dependent on the CFC reconsolidation-related protein synthesis. Retrieval by itself (without reconsolidation) did not have the same promoting effect. We also found that the inactivation of the NMDA receptor by AP5 prevented wSOR training to receive this support of CFC reconsolidation (supposedly through the production of PRPs), which may be the equivalent of blocking the setting of a learning tag in the dorsal CA1 region for that task. Furthermore, either a Water Maze reconsolidation, or a CFC extinction session, allowed the formation of wSOR-LTM. These results suggest for the first time that a reconsolidation session can promote the consolidation of a concomitant weak learning through a probable STC mechanism. These findings allow new insights concerning the influence of reconsolidation in the acquisition of memories of otherwise unrelated events during daily life situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey F Cassini
- Psychobiology and Neurocomputation Laboratory, Biophysics Department, Institute of Biosciences, 91.501-970; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, 90.046-900, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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The role of histamine receptors in the consolidation of object recognition memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2013; 103:64-71. [PMID: 23583502 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ballarini F, Martínez MC, Díaz Perez M, Moncada D, Viola H. Memory in Elementary School Children Is Improved by an Unrelated Novel Experience. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66875. [PMID: 23840541 PMCID: PMC3686730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Education is the most traditional means with formative effect on the human mind, learning and memory being its fundamental support. For this reason, it is essential to find different strategies to improve the studentś performance. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that a novel experience could exert an enhancing effect on learning and memory within the school environment. Here we show that novel experience improved the memory of literary or graphical activities when it is close to these learning sessions. We found memory improvements in groups of students who had experienced a novel science lesson 1 hour before or after the reading of a story, but not when these events were 4 hours apart. Such promoting effect on long-term memory (LTM) was also reproduced with another type of novelty (a music lesson) and also after another type of learning task (a visual memory). Interestingly, when the lesson was familiar, it failed to enhance the memory of the other task. Our results show that educationally relevant novel events experienced during normal school hours can improve LTM for tasks/activities learned during regular school lessons. This effect is restricted to a critical time window around learning and is particularly dependent on the novel nature of the associated experience. These findings provide a tool that could be easily transferred to the classroom by the incorporation of educationally novel events in the school schedule as an extrinsic adjuvant of other information acquired some time before or after it. This approach could be a helpful tool for the consolidation of certain types of topics that generally demand a great effort from the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio Ballarini
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Martínez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Magdalena Díaz Perez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Moncada
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Haydée Viola
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Memory reconsolidation and its maintenance depend on L-voltage-dependent calcium channels and CaMKII functions regulating protein turnover in the hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:6566-70. [PMID: 23576750 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1302356110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immediate postretrieval bilateral blockade of long-acting voltage-dependent calcium channels (L-VDCCs), but not of glutamatergic NMDA receptors, in the dorsal CA1 region of the hippocampus hinders retention of long-term spatial memory in the Morris water maze. Immediate postretrieval bilateral inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II in dorsal CA1 does not affect retention of this task 24 h later but does hinder it 5 d later. These two distinct amnesic effects are abolished if protein degradation by proteasomes is inhibited concomitantly. These results indicate that spatial memory reconsolidation depends on the functionality of L-VDCC in dorsal CA1, that maintenance of subsequent reconsolidated memory trace depends on CaMKII, and these results also suggest that the role played by both L-VDCC and CaMKII is to promote the retrieval-dependent, synaptically localized enhancement of protein synthesis necessary to counteract a retrieval-dependent, synaptic-localized enhancement of protein degradation, which has been described as underlying the characteristic labilization of the memory trace triggered by retrieval. Thus, conceivably, L-VDCC and CaMKII would enhance activity-dependent localized protein renewal, which may account for the improvement of the long-term efficiency of the synapses responsible for the maintenance of reactivated long-term spatial memory.
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Mello-Carpes PB, Izquierdo I. The Nucleus of the Solitary Tract→Nucleus Paragigantocellularis→Locus Coeruleus→CA1 region of dorsal hippocampus pathway is important for consolidation of object recognition memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2013; 100:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sandi C. Stress and cognition. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2013; 4:245-261. [DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sandi
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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de Carvalho Myskiw J, Benetti F, Izquierdo I. Behavioral tagging of extinction learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:1071-6. [PMID: 23277583 PMCID: PMC3549103 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1220875110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extinction of contextual fear in rats is enhanced by exposure to a novel environment at 1-2 h before or 1 h after extinction training. This effect is antagonized by administration of protein synthesis inhibitors anisomycin and rapamycin into the hippocampus, but not into the amygdala, immediately after either novelty or extinction training, as well as by the gene expression blocker 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole administered after novelty training, but not after extinction training. Thus, this effect can be attributed to a mechanism similar to synaptic tagging, through which long-term potentiation can be enhanced by other long-term potentiations or by exposure to a novel environment in a protein synthesis-dependent fashion. Extinction learning produces a tag at the appropriate synapses, whereas novelty learning causes the synthesis of plasticity-related proteins that are captured by the tag, strengthening the synapses that generated this tag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw
- National institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Benetti
- National institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iván Izquierdo
- National institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil, and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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