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Sluka P, Ackermann U, Rigopoulos A, Wardan H, Pezaro C, Burvenich IJ, Scott AM, Davis ID. Characterization of an Estrogen Receptor α-Selective 18 F-Estradiol PET Tracer. World J Nucl Med 2024; 23:153-160. [PMID: 39170834 PMCID: PMC11335392 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Conventional imaging of cancer with modalities such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging provides little information about the underlying biology of the cancer and consequently little guidance for systemic treatment choices. Accurate identification of aggressive cancers or those that are likely to respond to specific treatment regimens would allow more precisely tailored treatments to be used. The expression of the estrogen receptor α subunit is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, with a greater propensity to metastasize. We aimed to characterize the binding properties of an 18 F-estradiol positron emission tomography (PET) tracer in its ability to bind to the α and β forms of estrogen receptors in vitro and confirmed its binding to estrogen receptor α in vivo. Methods The 18 F-estradiol PET tracer was synthesized and its quality confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Binding of the tracer was assessed in vitro by saturation and competitive binding studies to HEK293T cells transfected with estrogen receptor α ( ESR1 ) and/or estrogen receptor β ( ESR2 ). Binding of the tracer to estrogen receptor α in vivo was assessed by imaging of uptake of the tracer into MCF7 xenografts in BALB/c nu/nu mice. Results The 18 F-estradiol PET tracer bound with high affinity (94 nM) to estrogen receptor α, with negligible binding to estrogen receptor β. Uptake of the tracer was observed in MCF7 xenografts, which almost exclusively express estrogen receptor α. Conclusion 18 F-estradiol PET tracer binds in vitro with high specificity to the estrogen receptor α isoform, with minimal binding to estrogen receptor β. This may help distinguish human cancers with biological dependence on estrogen receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Sluka
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Uwe Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Angela Rigopoulos
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Hady Wardan
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Carmel Pezaro
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Ingrid J.G. Burvenich
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Scott
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian D. Davis
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
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2
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Li L, Zhang Y, Zhan Y, Zhong Y, Li X. LINC00467 mediates the 5-fluorouracil resistance in breast cancer cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:80-88. [PMID: 38127229 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prevalent global disease that requires the development of effective therapeutic approaches. The occurrence of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in breast cancer is emerging, which urgently needs new way to overcome the obstacle. In this study, we validated that the expression of LINC00467 is up-regulated in the breast cancer patients and breast cancer cells. In addition, the high expression of LINC00467 is associated with the 5-FU resistance of breast cancer cells. Interestingly, LINC00467 induced the homologous recombination (HR) repair via promoting the expression of NBS1 in 5-FU resistant breast cancer cells. Furthermore, miR-205 was validated as a common target of LINC00467 and NBS1, indicating that LINC00467 may induce NBS1 via the miRNA-mRNA target. Importantly, we identified that XBP1, as a transcription factor, induced the expression of LINC00467, which resulted in the enhanced HR efficiency and 5-FU resistance. Silencing XBP1 sensitized the 5-FU resistant breast cancer cells to the 5-FU treatment, whereas the ectopic expression of LINC00467 abrogated the effect of XBP1 silencing. In conclusion, LINC00467 enhances the 5-FU resistance by inducing NBS1-mediated DNA repair. LINC00467 also mediates the function of XBP1 in 5-FU resistance in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Taping Rd. No.25, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Taping Rd. No.25, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Zhan
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Taping Rd. No.25, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuanke Zhong
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Taping Rd. No.25, Luzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Li
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Taping Rd. No.25, Luzhou, China.
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3
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Fard SS, Holz MK. Regulation of mRNA translation by estrogen receptor in breast cancer. Steroids 2023; 200:109316. [PMID: 37806603 PMCID: PMC10841406 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related fatalities and the most often diagnosed malignancy in women globally. Dysregulation of sex hormone signaling pathways mediated by the estrogen receptor (ER) in breast cancer is well characterized. Although ER is known to promote cell growth and survival by altering gene transcription, recent research suggests that its effects in cancers are also mediated through dysregulation of protein synthesis. This implies that ER can coordinately affect gene expression through both translational and transcriptional pathways, leading to the development of malignancy. In this review, we will cover the current understanding of how the ER controls mRNA translation in breast cancer and discuss any potential clinical implications of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad S Fard
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Marina K Holz
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
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4
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Deng F, Fu M, Zhao C, Lei J, Xu T, Ji B, Ding H, Zhang Y, Chen J, Qiu J, Gao Q. Calcium signals and potential therapy targets in ovarian cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2023; 63:125. [PMID: 37711071 PMCID: PMC10552713 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a deadly disease. The poor prognosis and high lethality of OC are attributed to its high degrees of aggressiveness, resistance to chemotherapy and recurrence rates. Calcium ion (Ca2+) signaling has received attention in recent years, as it appears to form an essential part of various aspects of cancer pathophysiology and is a potential therapeutic target for OC treatment. Disruption of normal Ca2+ signaling pathways can induce changes in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, proliferation and migration and invasion, leading to the development of the malignant phenotype of tumors. In the present review, the main roles of ion channel/receptor/pump‑triggered Ca2+ signaling pathways located at the plasma membrane and organelle Ca2+ transport in OC are summarized. In addition, the potential of Ca2+ signaling as a novel target for the development of effective treatment strategies for OC was discussed. Furthering the understanding into the role of Ca2+ signaling in OC is expected to facilitated the identification of novel therapeutic targets and improved clinical outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Deng
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Mengyu Fu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Chenxuan Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yueming Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215100, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Junlan Qiu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Yan T, Ma X, Guo L, Lu R. Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in ovarian cancer therapy. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 20:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0232. [PMID: 37817482 PMCID: PMC10618951 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle present in various eukaryotic cells, is responsible for intracellular protein synthesis, post-translational modification, and folding and transport, as well as the regulation of lipid and steroid metabolism and Ca2+ homeostasis. Hypoxia, nutrient deficiency, and a low pH tumor microenvironment lead to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER, thus activating ER stress (ERS) and the unfolded protein response, and resulting in either restoration of cellular homeostasis or cell death. ERS plays a crucial role in cancer oncogenesis, progression, and response to therapies. This article reviews current studies relating ERS to ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women globally, and discusses pharmacological agents and possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqing Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaolu Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renquan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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6
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Li Y, Zhang Q, Yang J, He W, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Wang Y. Metformin combined with glucose starvation synergistically suppress triple-negative breast cancer by enhanced unfolded protein response. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 675:146-154. [PMID: 37473529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Metformin (MET) is a well-documented drug used in the treatment of type II diabetes. Recent studies have revealed its potential anti-tumor effects in various types of cancer. However, the dosage of MET required to exhibit anti-tumor activity is considerably higher than the clinically recommended dosage. In this study, we investigated the synergistical anti-tumor effect of glucose deprivation and MET in MDA-MB-231 cells, which represents a triple-negative breast cancer subtype (TNBC). Our findings demonstrate that glucose deprivation significantly enhances the anti-tumor activity of MET by reducing cell proliferation and increasing cell apoptosis. RNA-seq was performed to identify the key molecules involved in this process. Our results indicate that unfolded protein response of endoplasmic reticulum (UPRER) was significantly activated upon glucose starvation combining with MET compared to glucose starvation alone. Notably, the combined treatment significantly activated UPRER signaling pathway through ATF4/ATF3/CHOP axis, due to enhanced UPRER stress. In conclusion, our study suggests that the synergistic effects of MET and glucose deprivation suppress cell proliferation in TNBC by activating pro-apoptotic molecules through UPRER stress. These findings have potential implications for the anti-tumor application of MET in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qingqian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jintao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weiping He
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yulan Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.
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7
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Teder T, Haeggström JZ, Airavaara M, Lõhelaid H. Cross-talk between bioactive lipid mediators and the unfolded protein response in ischemic stroke. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 168:106760. [PMID: 37331425 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic cerebral stroke is a severe medical condition that affects about 15 million people every year and is the second leading cause of death and disability globally. Ischemic stroke results in neuronal cell death and neurological impairment. Current therapies may not adequately address the deleterious metabolic changes and may increase neurological damage. Oxygen and nutrient depletion along with the tissue damage result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, including the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), and neuroinflammation in the affected area and cause cell death in the lesion core. The spatio-temporal production of lipid mediators, either pro-inflammatory or pro-resolving, decides the course and outcome of stroke. The modulation of the UPR as well as the resolution of inflammation promotes post-stroke cellular viability and neuroprotection. However, studies about the interplay between the UPR and bioactive lipid mediators remain elusive and this review gives insights about the crosstalk between lipid mediators and the UPR in ischemic stroke. Overall, the treatment of ischemic stroke is often inadequate due to lack of effective drugs, thus, this review will provide novel therapeutical strategies that could promote the functional recovery from ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarvi Teder
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helike Lõhelaid
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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8
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Ghosh S, Yang R, Duraki D, Zhu J, Kim JE, Jabeen M, Mao C, Dai X, Livezey MR, Boudreau MW, Park BH, Nelson ER, Hergenrother PJ, Shapiro DJ. Plasma Membrane Channel TRPM4 Mediates Immunogenic Therapy-Induced Necrosis. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3115-3130. [PMID: 37522838 PMCID: PMC10635591 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Several emerging therapies kill cancer cells primarily by inducing necrosis. As necrosis activates immune cells, potentially, uncovering the molecular drivers of anticancer therapy-induced necrosis could reveal approaches for enhancing immunotherapy efficacy. To identify necrosis-associated genes, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen with negative selection against necrosis-inducing preclinical agents BHPI and conducted follow-on experiments with ErSO. The screen identified transient receptor potential melastatin member 4 (TRPM4), a calcium-activated, ATP-inhibited, sodium-selective plasma membrane channel. Cancer cells selected for resistance to BHPI and ErSO exhibited robust TRPM4 downregulation, and TRPM4 reexpression restored sensitivity to ErSO. Notably, TRPM4 knockout (TKO) abolished ErSO-induced regression of breast tumors in mice. Supporting a broad role for TRPM4 in necrosis, knockout of TRPM4 reversed cell death induced by four additional diverse necrosis-inducing cancer therapies. ErSO induced anticipatory unfolded protein response (a-UPR) hyperactivation, long-term necrotic cell death, and release of damage-associated molecular patterns that activated macrophages and increased monocyte migration, all of which was abolished by TKO. Furthermore, loss of TRPM4 suppressed the ErSO-induced increase in cell volume and depletion of ATP. These data suggest that ErSO triggers initial activation of the a-UPR but that it is TRPM4-mediated sodium influx and cell swelling, resulting in osmotic stress, which sustains and propagates lethal a-UPR hyperactivation. Thus, TRPM4 plays a pivotal role in sustaining lethal a-UPR hyperactivation that mediates the anticancer activity of diverse necrosis-inducing therapies. SIGNIFICANCE A genome-wide CRISPR screen reveals a pivotal role for TRPM4 in cell death and immune activation following treatment with diverse necrosis-inducing anticancer therapies, which could facilitate development of necrosis-based cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Ghosh
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rachel Yang
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Darjan Duraki
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Junyao Zhu
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Musarrat Jabeen
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chengjian Mao
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xinyi Dai
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Mara R. Livezey
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI 48221, USA (present address)
| | - Matthew W. Boudreau
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 (present address)
| | - Ben H. Park
- Vanderbilt University College of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Erik R. Nelson
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - David J. Shapiro
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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9
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Xu D, Liu Z, Liang MX, Fei YJ, Zhang W, Wu Y, Tang JH. Endoplasmic reticulum stress targeted therapy for breast cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:174. [PMCID: PMC9639265 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRecurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance are still big challenges in breast cancer therapy. Internal and external stresses have been proven to substantially facilitate breast cancer progression through molecular and systemic mechanisms. For example, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) results in activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which are considered an important cellular stress response. More and more reports indicate its key role in protein homeostasis and other diverse functions involved in the process of breast cancer progression. Therefore, therapies targeting the activation of ERS and its downstream signaling pathways are potentially helpful and novel tools to counteract and fight breast cancer. However, recent advances in our understanding of ERS are focused on characterizing and modulating ERS between healthy and disease states, and so little attention has been paid to studying the role and clinical application of targeting ERS in a certain cancer. In this review, we summarize the function and main mechanisms of ERS in different molecular types of breast cancer, and focus on the development of agents targeting ERS to provide new treatment strategies for breast cancer.
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10
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Bean ML, Alkohaif RA, Anbari A, Fedraw CP, Ghantasala V, Gojcaj F, Hanein P, Harris MR, Kim D, Proffett DLD, Husseini MH, James EA, O'Rourke BM, Sareini LH, Livezey MR. Computational approaches to identify a novel binding site of BHPI on estrogen receptor alpha. Steroids 2022; 186:109075. [PMID: 35792153 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,3,dihydro-2H-indol-2-one (BHPI) is a biomodulator of Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) that targets ERα positive cancer cells by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR). BHPI induces strong and sustained activation of this pathway, eventually resulting in necrotic cell death. While much is known about how BHPI triggers the UPR leading to necrotic cell death, it is not known how BHPI binds to its putative molecular target, ERα. In an effort to identify the binding site of BHPI on ERα, molecular docking studies in AutoDock Vina were utilized. Unexpectedly, BHPI was found to dock more frequently and with significantly better binding affinity to a newly described surface pocket on the ERα ligand-binding domain, compared to the ligand-binding pocket. This work uncovers a novel binding site for small molecules on ERα that is not targeted by classical ligands, such as estrogen and tamoxifen, and may allow for the design of additional anti-cancer drugs that work in distinct ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Bean
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US; Meharry Medical College. 1005 Dr DB Todd Jr Blvd, Nashville, TN 37208, US
| | - Reham A Alkohaif
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Ahed Anbari
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Caela P Fedraw
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Vishnu Ghantasala
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Florina Gojcaj
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Philopateer Hanein
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Myles R Harris
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Dennis Kim
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | | | - Mahdi H Husseini
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Elizabeth A James
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US; Xavier University of Louisiana. 1 Drexel Dr, New Orleans, LA 70125, US
| | - Brendan M O'Rourke
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Laila H Sareini
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US
| | - Mara R Livezey
- University of Detroit Mercy. 4001 W. McNichols Rd, Detroit, MI 48221, US.
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Varga A, Márton É, Markovics A, Penyige A, Balogh I, Nagy B, Szilágyi M. Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway by miR-30d-5p Mimic Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cells to Cell Death Induced by High-Dose Estrogen. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092060. [PMID: 36140161 PMCID: PMC9495868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in tumor development and are considered to be promising candidates in cancer therapy. Here, we studied the role of miR-30s in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer. According to our results miR-30a-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-30e-5p were overexpressed in the estrogen receptor α (ERα)-expressing PEO1 cell line compared to A2780 that lacks this receptor. Furthermore, the expression of miR-30a-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-30e-5p were induced in response to high-dose estrogen treatment in PEO1 where intensive cell death was observed according to the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Lacking or blocking ERα function reduced tolerance to high-dose estrogen that suggests the importance of ERα-mediated estrogen response in the maintenance of proliferation. MiR-30d-5p mimic reduced cell proliferation in both A2780 and PEO1. Furthermore, it decreased the tolerance of PEO1 cells to high-dose estrogen by blocking the ERα-mediated estrogen response. This was accompanied by decreased SOX4 expression that is thought to be involved in the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Blocking this pathway by AZD8835 led to the same results. MiR-30d-5p or AZD8835 sensitized PEO1 cells to tamoxifen. We suggest that miR-30d-5p might be a promising candidate in the therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Varga
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Márton
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arnold Markovics
- Institute of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Penyige
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Balogh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Melinda Szilágyi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-416-531
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12
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Boudreau MW, Hergenrother PJ. Evolution of 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)indoline-2-one as a scaffold for potent and selective anticancer activity. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:711-725. [PMID: 35814932 PMCID: PMC9215341 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of targeted anticancer modalities has prompted a new era in cancer treatment that is notably different from the age of radical surgery and highly toxic chemotherapy. Behind each effective compound is a rich and complex history from first identification of chemical matter, detailed optimization, and mechanistic investigations, ultimately leading to exciting molecules for drug development. Herein we review the history and on-going journey of one such anticancer scaffold, the 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)indoline-2-ones. With humble beginnings in 19th century Bavaria, we review this scaffold's synthetic history and anticancer optimization, including its recent demonstration of tumor eradication of drug-resistant, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Compounds containing the 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)indoline-2-one pharmacophore are emerging as intriguing candidates for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Boudreau
- Dept. of Chemistry, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Dept. of Chemistry, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
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13
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Sobočan M, Brunialti D, Sprung S, Schatz C, Knez J, Kavalar R, Takač I, Haybaeck J. Initiation and elongation factor co-expression correlates with recurrence and survival in epithelial ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:73. [PMID: 35718769 PMCID: PMC9208098 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-00998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High grade epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive features and short recurrence free survival (RFS) after primary treatment. Novel targets to inform our understanding of the EOC carcinogenesis in the translational machinery can provide us with independent prognostic markers and provide drugable targets. We have identified candidate eukaryotic initiation factors (eIF) and eukaryotic elongation factors (eEF) in the translational machinery for differential expression in EOC through in-silico analysis. We present the analysis of 150 ovarian tissue microarray (TMA) samples on the expression of the translational markers eIF2α, eIF2G, eIF5 (eIF5A and eIF5B), eIF6 and eEF1A1. All translational markers were differentially expressed among non-neoplastic ovarian samples and tumour samples (borderline tumours and EOC). In EOC, expression of eIF5A was found to be significantly correlated with recurrence free survival (RFS) and expression of eIF2G and eEF1A1 with overall survival (OS). Expression correlation among factor subunits showed that the correlation of eEF1A1, eIF2G, EIF2α and eIF5A were significantly interconnected. eIF5A was also correlated with eIF5B and eIF6. Our study demonstrates that EOCs have different translational profile compared to benign ovarian tissue and that eIF5A is a central dysregulated factor of the translation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sobočan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
- Division of Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Daniela Brunialti
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sussanne Sprung
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Schatz
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jure Knez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Rajko Kavalar
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Takač
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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14
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Li Y, Lu L, Zhang G, Ji G, Xu H. The role and therapeutic implication of endoplasmic reticulum stress in inflammatory cancer transformation. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2277-2292. [PMID: 35693091 PMCID: PMC9185617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs when proteins are affected by various factors, fail to fold properly into higher structures and accumulate in the lumen of the ER, which activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore normal cellular function or induce apoptosis as a self-protective mechanism. However, a growing number of studies have shown that the three branches of ER stress and the UPR can mediate inflammation and cancer development by interacting with inflammatory transformation-related signaling pathways. Targeting the UPR, especially the use of small molecules that target the active sites of the enzymes IRE1α and PERK and BIP/GRP78 inhibitors are potential strategies for treating tumors and have shown promising results in some tumor models. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the progress of ER stress/UPR research and the signaling pathways associated with inflammatory cancer transformation, provide an in-depth description of the mechanisms of these pathways, and outline strategies in the field of UPR biology in tumor therapy to provide new ideas for the mechanisms of inflammatory cancer transformation and tumor-related treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guangtao Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 200032, China
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15
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Gao H, He C, Hua R, Guo Y, Wang B, Liang C, Gao L, Shang H, Xu JD. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress of Gut Enterocyte and Intestinal Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:817392. [PMID: 35402506 PMCID: PMC8988245 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.817392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum, a vast reticular membranous network from the nuclear envelope to the plasma membrane responsible for the synthesis, maturation, and trafficking of a wide range of proteins, is considerably sensitive to changes in its luminal homeostasis. The loss of ER luminal homeostasis leads to abnormalities referred to as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Thus, the cell activates an adaptive response known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), a mechanism to stabilize ER homeostasis under severe environmental conditions. ER stress has recently been postulated as a disease research breakthrough due to its significant role in multiple vital cellular functions. This has caused numerous reports that ER stress-induced cell dysfunction has been implicated as an essential contributor to the occurrence and development of many diseases, resulting in them targeting the relief of ER stress. This review aims to outline the multiple molecular mechanisms of ER stress that can elucidate ER as an expansive, membrane-enclosed organelle playing a crucial role in numerous cellular functions with evident changes of several cells encountering ER stress. Alongside, we mainly focused on the therapeutic potential of ER stress inhibition in gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer. To conclude, we reviewed advanced research and highlighted future treatment strategies of ER stress-associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongxuan Hua
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Guo
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Wang
- Undergraduate Student of 2018 Eight Program of Clinical Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Shang
- Experimental Center for Morphological Research Platform, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Dong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Dong Xu,
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16
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Boudreau MW, Mulligan MP, Shapiro DJ, Fan TM, Hergenrother PJ. Activators of the Anticipatory Unfolded Protein Response with Enhanced Selectivity for Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3894-3912. [PMID: 35080871 PMCID: PMC9067622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 75% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor alpha-positive (ERα+), and targeting ERα directly with ERα antagonists/degraders or indirectly with aromatase inhibitors is a successful therapeutic strategy. However, such treatments are rarely curative and development of resistance is universal. We recently reported ErSO, a compound that induces ERα-dependent cancer cell death through a mechanism distinct from clinically approved ERα drugs, via hyperactivation of the anticipatory unfolded protein response. ErSO has remarkable tumor-eradicative activity in multiple ERα+ tumor models. While ErSO has promise as a new drug, it has effects on ERα-negative (ERα-) cells in certain contexts. Herein, we construct modified versions of ErSO and identify variants with enhanced differential activity between ERα+ and ERα- cells. We report ErSO-DFP, a compound that maintains antitumor efficacy, has enhanced selectivity for ERα+ cancer cells, and is well tolerated in rodents. ErSO-DFP and related compounds represent an intriguing new class for the treatment of ERα+ cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, United States,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic, Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael P. Mulligan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David J. Shapiro
- Cancer Center at Illinois and Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Timothy M. Fan
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry and Cancer, Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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17
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Fan P, Jordan VC. Estrogen Receptor and the Unfolded Protein Response: Double-Edged Swords in Therapy for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Target Oncol 2022; 17:111-124. [PMID: 35290592 PMCID: PMC9007905 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a target for the treatment of ER-positive breast cancer patients. Paradoxically, it is also the initial site for estrogen (E2) to induce apoptosis in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. How ERα exhibits distinct functions, in different contexts, is the focus of numerous investigations. Compelling evidence demonstrated that unfolded protein response (UPR) is closely correlated with ER-positive breast cancer. Treatment with antiestrogens initially induces mild UPR through ERα with activation of three sensors of UPR-PRK-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)-in the endoplasmic reticulum. Subsequently, these sensors interact with stress-associated transcription factors such as c-MYC, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), leading to acquired endocrine resistance. Paradoxically, E2 further activates sustained secondary UPR via ERα to induce apoptosis in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Specifically, PERK plays a key role in inducing apoptosis, whereas IRE1α and ATF6 are involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated degradation after E2 treatment. Furthermore, persistent activation of PERK deteriorates stress responses in mitochondria and triggers of NF-κB/tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) axis, ultimately determining cell fate to apoptosis. The discovery of E2-induced apoptosis has clinical relevance for treatment of endocrine-resistant breast cancer. All of these findings demonstrate that ERα and associated UPR are double-edged swords in therapy for ER-positive breast cancer, depending on the duration and intensity of UPR stress. Herein, we address the mechanistic progress on how UPR leads to endocrine resistance and commits E2 to inducing apoptosis in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, Texas, TX 77030, USA
| | - V Craig Jordan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, Texas, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Chen H, Miao Y, Bian A, Ye J, Wang J, Cong X, Jian S, Yi Z, Liang L, Sun Z, Yang F, Ding T. A novel small-molecule activator of unfolded protein response suppresses castration-resistant prostate cancer growth. Cancer Lett 2022; 532:215580. [PMID: 35121048 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Androgen receptor-targeted therapy improves survival in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, almost all patients with CRPC eventually develop secondary resistance to these drugs. Therefore, alternative therapeutic approaches for incurable metastatic CRPC are urgently needed. Unfolded protein response (UPR) is regarded as a cytoprotective mechanism that removes misfolded proteins in rapidly proliferating tumor cells. However, acute activation of the UPR directly leads to tumor cell death. This study has shown that WJ-644A, a novel small molecule activator of UPR, potently inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and caused tumor regression with a good safety profile in multiple animal models. Mechanistically, we have identified that WJ-644A induced cell methuosis and autophagy upon UPR activation. Our study not only identifies the UPR as an actionable target for CRPC treatment, but also establishes WJ-644A as a novel UPR activator that has potential therapeutic value for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Chen
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Ying Miao
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Aiwu Bian
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Jiangnan Ye
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, SCME, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaonan Cong
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Shuyi Jian
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Lin Liang
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China, 201499
| | - Zhenliang Sun
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China, 201499.
| | - Fan Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, SCME, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Urology, Southern Medical University Affifiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China, 201499.
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19
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Patel JM, Jeselsohn RM. Estrogen Receptor Alpha and ESR1 Mutations in Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1390:171-194. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11836-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Transcription Regulation and Genome Rewiring Governing Sensitivity and Resistance to FOXM1 Inhibition in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246282. [PMID: 34944900 PMCID: PMC8699539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), an oncogenic transcription factor associated with aggressiveness and highly expressed in many cancers, is an emerging therapeutic target. Using novel 1,1-diarylethylene-diammonium small molecule FOXM1 inhibitors, we undertook transcriptomic, protein, and functional analyses to identify mechanisms by which these compounds impact breast cancer growth and survival, and the changes that occur in estrogen receptor (ERα)-positive and triple negative breast cancer cells that acquire resistance upon long-term treatment with the inhibitors. In sensitive cells, these compounds regulated FOXM1 gene networks controlling cell cycle progression, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis. Resistant cells showed transcriptional alterations that reversed the expression of many genes in the FOXM1 network and rewiring that enhanced inflammatory signaling and upregulated HER2 or EGFR growth factor pathways. ERα-positive breast cancer cells that developed resistance showed greatly reduced ERα levels and responsiveness to fulvestrant and a 10-fold increased sensitivity to lapatinib, suggesting that targeting rewired processes in the resistant state may provide benefits and prolong anticancer effectiveness. Improved understanding of how FOXM1 inhibitors suppress breast cancer and how cancer cells can defeat their effectiveness and acquire resistance should be helpful in directing further studies to move these agents towards translation into the clinic.
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21
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Matteoni S, Matarrese P, Ascione B, Ricci-Vitiani L, Pallini R, Villani V, Pace A, Paggi MG, Abbruzzese C. Chlorpromazine induces cytotoxic autophagy in glioblastoma cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:347. [PMID: 34740374 PMCID: PMC8569984 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM; grade IV glioma) is characterized by a very short overall survival time and extremely low 5-year survival rates. We intend to promote experimental and clinical research on rationale and scientifically driven drug repurposing. This may represent a safe and often inexpensive way to propose novel pharmacological approaches to GBM. Our precedent work describes the role of chlorpromazine (CPZ) in hindering malignant features of GBM. Here, we investigate in greater detail the molecular mechanisms at the basis of the effect of CPZ on GBM cells. METHODS We employed proteomics platforms, i.e., activity-based protein profiling plus mass spectrometry, to identify potential cellular targets of the drug. Then, by means of established molecular and cellular biology techniques, we assessed the effects of this drug on GBM cell metabolic and survival pathways. RESULTS The experimental output indicated as putative targets of CPZ several of factors implicated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, with consequent unfolded protein response (UPR). Such a perturbation culminated in a noticeable reactive oxygen species generation and intense autophagic response that resulted in cytotoxic and abortive effects for six GBM cell lines, three of which growing as neurospheres, while it appeared cytoprotective for the RPE-1 human non-cancer neuro-ectodermal cell line. CONCLUSIONS This discrepancy could be central in explaining the lethal effects of the drug on GBM cells and the relatively scarce cytotoxicity toward normal tissues attributed to this compound. The data presented here offer support to the multicenter phase II clinical trial we have undertaken, which consists of the addition of CPZ to first-line treatment of GBM patients carrying a hypo- or un-methylated MGMT gene, i.e. those characterized by intrinsic resistance to temozolomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Matteoni
- Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Proteomics Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Ascione
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Ricci-Vitiani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Pallini
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University School of Medicine, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Villani
- Neuro-Oncology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Neuro-Oncology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco G Paggi
- Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Proteomics Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudia Abbruzzese
- Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Proteomics Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Fan P, Jordan VC. PERK, Beyond an Unfolded Protein Response Sensor in Estrogen-Induced Apoptosis in Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:193-201. [PMID: 34728551 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced apoptosis has clinical relevance. Mechanistically, E2 over activates nuclear estrogen receptor α that results in stress responses. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is initiated by E2 in the endoplasmic reticulum after hours of treatment in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells, thereby activating three UPR sensors-PRK-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) with different functions. Specifically, PERK plays a critical role in induction of apoptosis whereas IRE1α and ATF6 are involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated degradation (ERAD) of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. In addition to attenuating protein translation, PERK increases the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB and subsequent TNFα expression. In addition, PERK communicates with the mitochondria to regulate oxidative stress at mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAM). Furthermore, PERK is a component enriched in MAMs that interacts with multifunctional MAM-tethering proteins and integrally modulates the exchange of metabolites such as lipids, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Ca2+ at contact sites. MAMs are also critical sites for the initiation of autophagy to remove defective organelles and misfolded proteins through specific regulatory proteins. Thus, PERK conveys signals from nucleus to these membrane-structured organelles that form an interconnected network to regulate E2-induced apoptosis. Herein, we address the mechanistic progress on how PERK acts as a multifunctional molecule to commit E2 to inducing apoptosis in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - V Craig Jordan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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23
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Xu Y, Huangyang P, Wang Y, Xue L, Devericks E, Nguyen HG, Yu X, Oses-Prieto JA, Burlingame AL, Miglani S, Goodarzi H, Ruggero D. ERα is an RNA-binding protein sustaining tumor cell survival and drug resistance. Cell 2021; 184:5215-5229.e17. [PMID: 34559986 PMCID: PMC8547373 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a hormone receptor and key driver for over 70% of breast cancers that has been studied for decades as a transcription factor. Unexpectedly, we discover that ERα is a potent non-canonical RNA-binding protein. We show that ERα RNA binding function is uncoupled from its activity to bind DNA and critical for breast cancer progression. Employing genome-wide cross-linking immunoprecipitation (CLIP) sequencing and a functional CRISPRi screen, we find that ERα-associated mRNAs sustain cancer cell fitness and elicit cellular responses to stress. Mechanistically, ERα controls different steps of RNA metabolism. In particular, we demonstrate that ERα RNA binding mediates alternative splicing of XBP1 and translation of the eIF4G2 and MCL1 mRNAs, which facilitates survival upon stress conditions and sustains tamoxifen resistance of cancer cells. ERα is therefore a multifaceted RNA-binding protein, and this activity transforms our knowledge of post-transcriptional regulation underlying cancer development and drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Xu
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peiwei Huangyang
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lingru Xue
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Emily Devericks
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hao G Nguyen
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Xiuyan Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sohit Miglani
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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24
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Boudreau MW, Duraki D, Wang L, Mao C, Kim JE, Henn MA, Tang B, Fanning SW, Kiefer J, Tarasow TM, Bruckheimer EM, Moreno R, Mousses S, Greene GL, Roy EJ, Park BH, Fan TM, Nelson ER, Hergenrother PJ, Shapiro DJ. A small-molecule activator of the unfolded protein response eradicates human breast tumors in mice. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/603/eabf1383. [PMID: 34290053 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer is presently incurable. Seeking to target these drug-resistant cancers, we report the discovery of a compound, called ErSO, that activates the anticipatory unfolded protein response (a-UPR) and induces rapid and selective necrosis of ERα-positive breast cancer cell lines in vitro. We then tested ErSO in vivo in several preclinical orthotopic and metastasis mouse models carrying different xenografts of human breast cancer lines or patient-derived breast tumors. In multiple orthotopic models, ErSO treatment given either orally or intraperitoneally for 14 to 21 days induced tumor regression without recurrence. In a cell line tail vein metastasis model, ErSO was also effective at inducing regression of most lung, bone, and liver metastases. ErSO treatment induced almost complete regression of brain metastases in mice carrying intracranial human breast cancer cell line xenografts. Tumors that did not undergo complete regression and regrew remained sensitive to retreatment with ErSO. ErSO was well tolerated in mice, rats, and dogs at doses above those needed for therapeutic responses and had little or no effect on normal ERα-expressing murine tissues. ErSO mediated its anticancer effects through activation of the a-UPR, suggesting that activation of a tumor protective pathway could induce tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Darjan Duraki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lawrence Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chengjian Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Madeline A Henn
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Bingtao Tang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sean W Fanning
- Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Geoffrey L Greene
- Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Edward J Roy
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ben Ho Park
- Department of Medicine, Division of Heme/Onc, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Erik R Nelson
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. .,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - David J Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. .,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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25
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Xie J, Kusnadi EP, Furic L, Selth LA. Regulation of mRNA Translation by Hormone Receptors in Breast and Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3254. [PMID: 34209750 PMCID: PMC8268847 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast and prostate cancer are the second and third leading causes of death amongst all cancer types, respectively. Pathogenesis of these malignancies is characterised by dysregulation of sex hormone signalling pathways, mediated by the estrogen receptor-α (ER) in breast cancer and androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer. ER and AR are transcription factors whose aberrant function drives oncogenic transcriptional programs to promote cancer growth and progression. While ER/AR are known to stimulate cell growth and survival by modulating gene transcription, emerging findings indicate that their effects in neoplasia are also mediated by dysregulation of protein synthesis (i.e., mRNA translation). This suggests that ER/AR can coordinately perturb both transcriptional and translational programs, resulting in the establishment of proteomes that promote malignancy. In this review, we will discuss relatively understudied aspects of ER and AR activity in regulating protein synthesis as well as the potential of targeting mRNA translation in breast and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Xie
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Eric P Kusnadi
- Translational Prostate Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Luc Furic
- Translational Prostate Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Luke A Selth
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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26
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Dash R, Jahan I, Ali MC, Mitra S, Munni YA, Timalsina B, Hannan MA, Moon IS. Potential roles of natural products in the targeting of proteinopathic neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:105011. [PMID: 33711400 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Defective proteostasis is associated with the gradual accumulations of misfolded proteins and is a hallmark of many age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. In the aged brain, maintenance of the proteostasis network presents a substantial challenge, and its loss contributes to the onset and progression of neurological diseases associated with cognitive decline due to the generation of toxic protein aggregates, a process termed 'proteinopathy'. Emerging evidence suggests that reversing proteinopathies by boosting proteostasis might provide an effective means of preventing neurodegeneration. From this perspective, phytochemicals may play significant roles as potent modulators of the proteostasis network, as previous reports have suggested they can interact with various network components to modify pathologies and confer neuroprotection. This review focuses on some potent phytochemicals that directly or indirectly modulate the proteostasis network and on their possible molecular targets. In addition, we propose strategies for the natural product-based modulation of proteostasis machinery that target proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Israt Jahan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Chayan Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Binod Timalsina
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Chen X, Cubillos-Ruiz JR. Endoplasmic reticulum stress signals in the tumour and its microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:71-88. [PMID: 33214692 PMCID: PMC7927882 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-00312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 579] [Impact Index Per Article: 193.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein handling, modification and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are tightly regulated processes that determine cell function, fate and survival. In several tumour types, diverse oncogenic, transcriptional and metabolic abnormalities cooperate to generate hostile microenvironments that disrupt ER homeostasis in malignant and stromal cells, as well as infiltrating leukocytes. These changes provoke a state of persistent ER stress that has been demonstrated to govern multiple pro-tumoural attributes in the cancer cell while dynamically reprogramming the function of innate and adaptive immune cells. Aberrant activation of ER stress sensors and their downstream signalling pathways have therefore emerged as key regulators of tumour growth and metastasis as well as response to chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapy. In this Review, we discuss the physiological inducers of ER stress in the tumour milieu, the interplay between oncogenic signalling and ER stress response pathways in the cancer cell and the profound immunomodulatory effects of sustained ER stress responses in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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28
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Jenkins EC, Casalena G, Gomez M, Zhao D, Kenny TC, Shah N, Manfredi G, Germain D. Raloxifene is a Female-specific Proteostasis Therapeutic in the Spinal Cord. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6017493. [PMID: 33269387 PMCID: PMC7774777 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by proteasome dysfunctions leading to protein aggregations and pathogenesis. Since we showed that estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) activates the proteasome, drugs able to stimulate ERα in the central nervous system (CNS) could hold potential for therapeutic intervention. However, the transcriptional effects of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as tamoxifen and raloxifene, can be tissue specific. A direct comparison of the effects of different SERMs on gene transcription in the CNS has never been performed. Here, we report an RNA-seq analysis of the spinal cord treated with estrogen, tamoxifen, or raloxifene. We find stark SERM and sex-specific differences in gene expression profiles in the spinal cord. Notably, raloxifene, but not estrogen or tamoxifen, modulates numerous deubiquitinating enzymes, proteasome subunits and assembly factors, and these effects translate into decreased protein aggregates. In the SOD1-G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, we found that even a low dose of raloxifene causes a significant decrease in mutant SOD1 aggregates in the spinal cord, accompanied by a delay in the decline of muscle strength in females, but not in males. These results strongly indicate SERM-selective as well as sex-specific effects, and emphasize the importance of sex as a biological variable to be considered for the careful selection of specific SERM for use in clinical trials for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Charles Jenkins
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriella Casalena
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Gomez
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dazhi Zhao
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy C Kenny
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nagma Shah
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Correspondence: Doris Germain, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, 10029 NY, USA. ; or Giovanni Manfredi, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10065 NY, USA.
| | - Doris Germain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, NY, USA
- Correspondence: Doris Germain, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, 10029 NY, USA. ; or Giovanni Manfredi, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10065 NY, USA.
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29
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Altered Organelle Calcium Transport in Ovarian Physiology and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082232. [PMID: 32785177 PMCID: PMC7464720 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium levels have a huge impact on the physiology of the female reproductive system, in particular, of the ovaries. Cytosolic calcium levels are influenced by regulatory proteins (i.e., ion channels and pumps) localized in the plasmalemma and/or in the endomembranes of membrane-bound organelles. Imbalances between plasma membrane and organelle-based mechanisms for calcium regulation in different ovarian cell subtypes are contributing to ovarian pathologies, including ovarian cancer. In this review, we focused our attention on altered calcium transport and its role as a contributor to tumor progression in ovarian cancer. The most important proteins described as contributing to ovarian cancer progression are inositol trisphosphate receptors, ryanodine receptors, transient receptor potential channels, calcium ATPases, hormone receptors, G-protein-coupled receptors, and/or mitochondrial calcium uniporters. The involvement of mitochondrial and/or endoplasmic reticulum calcium imbalance in the development of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in ovarian cancer is also discussed, since Ca2+ channels and/or pumps are nowadays regarded as potential therapeutic targets and are even correlated with prognosis.
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30
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McLellan MA, Skelly DA, Dona MSI, Squiers GT, Farrugia GE, Gaynor TL, Cohen CD, Pandey R, Diep H, Vinh A, Rosenthal NA, Pinto AR. High-Resolution Transcriptomic Profiling of the Heart During Chronic Stress Reveals Cellular Drivers of Cardiac Fibrosis and Hypertrophy. Circulation 2020; 142:1448-1463. [PMID: 32795101 PMCID: PMC7547893 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.045115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Cardiac fibrosis is a key antecedent to many types of cardiac dysfunction including heart failure. Physiological factors leading to cardiac fibrosis have been recognized for decades. However, the specific cellular and molecular mediators that drive cardiac fibrosis, and the relative effect of disparate cell populations on cardiac fibrosis, remain unclear. Methods: We developed a novel cardiac single-cell transcriptomic strategy to characterize the cardiac cellulome, the network of cells that forms the heart. This method was used to profile the cardiac cellular ecosystem in response to 2 weeks of continuous administration of angiotensin II, a profibrotic stimulus that drives pathological cardiac remodeling. Results: Our analysis provides a comprehensive map of the cardiac cellular landscape uncovering multiple cell populations that contribute to pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix of the heart. Two phenotypically distinct fibroblast populations, Fibroblast-Cilp and Fibroblast-Thbs4, emerged after induction of tissue stress to promote fibrosis in the absence of smooth muscle actin–expressing myofibroblasts, a key profibrotic cell population. After angiotensin II treatment, Fibroblast-Cilp develops as the most abundant fibroblast subpopulation and the predominant fibrogenic cell type. Mapping intercellular communication networks within the heart, we identified key intercellular trophic relationships and shifts in cellular communication after angiotensin II treatment that promote the development of a profibrotic cellular microenvironment. Furthermore, the cellular responses to angiotensin II and the relative abundance of fibrogenic cells were sexually dimorphic. Conclusions: These results offer a valuable resource for exploring the cardiac cellular landscape in health and after chronic cardiovascular stress. These data provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote pathological remodeling of the mammalian heart, highlighting early transcriptional changes that precede chronic cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheal A McLellan
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME (M.A.M., D.A.S., G.T.S., R.P., N.A.R.).,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA (M.A.M.)
| | - Daniel A Skelly
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME (M.A.M., D.A.S., G.T.S., R.P., N.A.R.)
| | - Malathi S I Dona
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (M.S.I.D., G.E.F., T.L.G., C.D.C., A.R.P.)
| | - Galen T Squiers
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME (M.A.M., D.A.S., G.T.S., R.P., N.A.R.)
| | - Gabriella E Farrugia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (M.S.I.D., G.E.F., T.L.G., C.D.C., A.R.P.)
| | - Taylah L Gaynor
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (M.S.I.D., G.E.F., T.L.G., C.D.C., A.R.P.)
| | - Charles D Cohen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (M.S.I.D., G.E.F., T.L.G., C.D.C., A.R.P.)
| | - Raghav Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME (M.A.M., D.A.S., G.T.S., R.P., N.A.R.)
| | - Henry Diep
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (T.L.G, C.D.C., H.D., A.V., A.R.P.)
| | - Antony Vinh
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (T.L.G, C.D.C., H.D., A.V., A.R.P.)
| | - Nadia A Rosenthal
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME (M.A.M., D.A.S., G.T.S., R.P., N.A.R.)
| | - Alexander R Pinto
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (M.S.I.D., G.E.F., T.L.G., C.D.C., A.R.P.).,Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (T.L.G, C.D.C., H.D., A.V., A.R.P.)
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31
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Yu L, Wang L, Kim JE, Mao C, Shapiro DJ. Src couples estrogen receptor to the anticipatory unfolded protein response and regulates cancer cell fate under stress. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118765. [PMID: 32502618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of unfolded protein, or other stresses, activates the classical reactive unfolded protein response (UPR). In the recently characterized anticipatory UPR, receptor-bound estrogen, progesterone and other mitogenic hormones rapidly elicit phosphorylation of phospholipase C γ (PLCγ), activating the anticipatory UPR. How estrogen and progesterone activating their receptors couples to PLCγ phosphorylation and anticipatory UPR activation was unknown. We show that the oncogene c-Src is a rate-limiting regulator whose tyrosine kinase activity links estrogen and progesterone activating their receptors to anticipatory UPR activation. Supporting Src coupling estrogen and progesterone to anticipatory UPR activation, we identified extranuclear complexes of estrogen receptor α (ERα):Src:PLCγ and progesterone receptor:Src:PLCγ. Moreover, Src inhibition protected cancer cells against cell death. To probe Src's role, we used the preclinical ERα biomodulator, BHPI, which kills cancer cells by inducing lethal anticipatory UPR hyperactivation. Notably, Src inhibition blocked BHPI-mediated anticipatory UPR activation and the resulting rapid increase in intracellular calcium. After unbiased long-term selection for BHPI-resistant human breast cancer cells, 4/11 BHPI-resistant T47D clones, and nearly all MCF-7 clones, exhibited reduced levels of normally growth-stimulating Src. Notably, Src overexpression by virus transduction restored sensitivity to BHPI. Furthermore, in wild type cells, several-fold knockdown of Src, but not of ERα, strongly blocked BHPI-mediated UPR activation and subsequent HMGB1 release and necrotic cell death. Thus, Src plays a previously undescribed pivotal role in activation of the tumor-protective anticipatory UPR, thereby increasing the resilience of breast cancer cells. This is a new role for Src and the anticipatory UPR in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lawrence Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Chengjian Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - David J Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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32
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Ayaz G, Razizadeh N, Yaşar P, Kars G, Kahraman DC, Saatci Ö, Şahin Ö, Çetin-Atalay R, Muyan M. CXXC5 as an unmethylated CpG dinucleotide binding protein contributes to estrogen-mediated cellular proliferation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5971. [PMID: 32249801 PMCID: PMC7136269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the CXXC type zinc finger (ZF-CXXC) protein 5 (CXXC5) is a critical regulator/integrator of various signaling pathways that include the estrogen (E2)-estrogen receptor α (ERα). Due to its ZF-CXXC domain, CXXC5 is considered to be a member of the ZF-CXXC family, which binds to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides of DNA and through enzymatic activities for DNA methylation and/or chromatin modifications generates a chromatin state critical for gene expressions. Structural/functional features of CXXC5 remain largely unknown. CXXC5, suggested as transcription and/or epigenetic factor, participates in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and death. To explore the role of CXXC5 in E2-ERα mediated cellular events, we verified by generating a recombinant protein that CXXC5 is indeed an unmethylated CpG binder. We uncovered that CXXC5, although lacks a transcription activation/repression function, participates in E2-driven cellular proliferation by modulating the expression of distinct and mutual genes also regulated by E2. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of CXXC5, which correlates with mRNA and protein levels of ERα, associates with poor prognosis in ER-positive breast cancer patients. Thus, CXXC5 as an unmethylated CpG binder contributes to E2-mediated gene expressions that result in the regulation of cellular proliferation and may contribute to ER-positive breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Ayaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Negin Razizadeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Pelin Yaşar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Gizem Kars
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cansen Kahraman
- Enformatics Institute, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,Cansyl Laboratories, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Özge Saatci
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Özgür Şahin
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Rengül Çetin-Atalay
- Enformatics Institute, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,Cansyl Laboratories, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Mesut Muyan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. .,Cansyl Laboratories, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling in Cancer Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:934-946. [PMID: 32112719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To survive, cancer cells must resist numerous internal and environmental insults associated with neoplasia that jeopardize proteostasis within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Solid and hematopoietic tumors often experience genomic instability, oncogene activation, increased protein secretion demands, and somatic mutations in proteins handled by the secretory pathway that impede their folding. Invasion or metastasis into foreign environments can expose tumor cells to hypoxia, oxidative stress, lack of growth signals, inadequate amino acid supplies, glucose deprivation, and lactic acidosis, all of which pose challenges for protein processing in the ER. Together, these conditions can promote the buildup of misfolded proteins in the ER to cause ER stress, which then activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). An intracellular signaling network largely initiated by three ER transmembrane proteins, the UPR constantly surveils protein folding conditions within the ER lumen and when necessary initiates counteractive measures to maintain ER homeostasis. Under mild or moderate levels of ER stress, the homeostatic UPR sets in motion transcriptional and translational changes that promote cell adaption and survival. However, if these processes are unsuccessful at resolving ER stress, a terminal UPR program dominates and actively signals cell suicide. This article summarizes the mounting evidence that cancer cells are predisposed to ER stress and vulnerable to targeted interventions against ongoing UPR signaling.
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Chen F, Ni X, Chen L, Wang X, Xu J. miR-939-3p promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and may be used as a prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2727-2732. [PMID: 32218824 PMCID: PMC7068245 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide with a high morbidity and mortality rate. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) serve an important role in HCC. The present study investigated the role of miR-939-3p in HCC. It was demonstrated that miR-939-3p was upregulated in HCC cell lines and HCC tissues compared with normal liver cell lines and paired normal tissues, respectively. It was also found that upregulation of miR-939-3p expression levels in HCC tissues was associated with a less favorable prognosis. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-939-3p in LM3 cells enhanced the metastatic capacity of these cells and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In contrast, miR-939-3p inhibition decreased the invasive capacity of HCC cells and EMT. Potential binding target of miR-939-3p to estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) were predicted using TargetScan. The expression levels of miR-939-3p were negatively associated with ESR1 in HCC tissues based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm ESR1 as a direct downstream target of miR-393-3p. The miR-939-3p/ESR1 axis may be a potential novel target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Digestive Center, Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Ni
- Department of Digestive Center, Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, P.R. China
| | - Lingxiu Chen
- Department of Digestive Center, Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Digestive Center, Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317200, P.R. China
| | - Ji Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Peoples' Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang, Peoples' Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Peoples' Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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35
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Direito I, Fardilha M, Helguero LA. Contribution of the unfolded protein response to breast and prostate tissue homeostasis and its significance to cancer endocrine response. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:203-215. [PMID: 30596981 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistant breast and prostate cancers remain a major clinical problem, new therapeutic approaches and better predictors of therapeutic response are clearly needed. Because of the involvement of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in cell proliferation and apoptosis evasion, an increasing number of publications support the hypothesis that impairments in this network trigger and/or exacerbate cancer. Moreover, UPR activation could contribute to the development of drug resistance phenotypes in both breast and prostate cancers. Therefore, targeting this pathway has recently emerged as a promising strategy in anticancer therapy. This review addresses the contribution of UPR to breast and prostate tissues homeostasis and its significance to cancer endocrine response with focus on the current progress on UPR research related to cancer biology, detection, prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute for Biomedicine (iBiMED), Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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36
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Kim JN, Kim BJ. Depolarization of pacemaker potentials by caffeic acid phenethyl ester in interstitial cells of Cajal from the murine small intestine. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 98:201-210. [PMID: 31689119 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and generate pacemaker potentials. In this study, we investigated the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on the pacemaker potentials of ICCs from the mouse small or large intestine. Using the whole-cell patch-clamp configuration, we found that CAPE depolarized the pacemaker potentials of cultured ICCs from the murine small intestine in a dose-dependent manner. The estrogen receptor (ER) β antagonist PHTPP completely inhibited CAPE-induced depolarization, but the ERα antagonist BHPI did not. Intracellular GDP-β-S and pretreatment with Ca2+-free solution or thapsigargin also blocked CAPE-induced depolarization. To investigate the mechanisms of CAPE-mediated depolarization of ICCs, we used the nonselective cation channel (NSCC) inhibitor flufenamic acid, the Cl- channel blocker, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors PD98059, SB203580, or SP600125, and PI3 kinase inhibitor LY294002. All inhibitors blocked the CAPE-induced pacemaker potential depolarization of ICCs. These results suggest that CAPE induces pacemaker potential depolarization through ERβ in a G protein, NSCC, Cl- channel, MAPK- and PI3 kinase dependent manner via intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ regulation in the murine small intestine. CAPE may therefore modulate GI motility by acting on ICCs in the murine small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Nam Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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37
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Lattanzio R, Iezzi M, Sala G, Tinari N, Falasca M, Alberti S, Buglioni S, Mottolese M, Perracchio L, Natali PG, Piantelli M. PLC-gamma-1 phosphorylation status is prognostic of metastatic risk in patients with early-stage Luminal-A and -B breast cancer subtypes. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:747. [PMID: 31362705 PMCID: PMC6668079 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1) is highly expressed in human tumours. Our previous studies reported that both stable and inducible PLCγ1 down-regulation can inhibit formation of breast-cancer-derived experimental lung metastasis. Further, high expression of PLCγ1 and its constitutively activated forms (i.e., PLCγ1-pY1253, PLCγ1-pY783) is associated with worse clinical outcome in terms of incidence of distant metastases, but not of local relapse in T1-T2, N0 breast cancer patients. Methods In the present retrospective study, we analysed the prognostic role of PLCγ1 in early breast cancer patients stratified according to the St. Gallen criteria and to their menopausal status. PLCγ1-pY1253 and PLCγ1-pY783 protein expression levels were determined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, and were correlated with patients’ clinical data, using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Results In our series, the prognostic value of PLCγ1 overexpression was restricted to Luminal type tumours. From multivariate analyses, pY1253-PLCγ1High was an independent prognostic factor only in postmenopausal patients with Luminal-B tumours (hazard ratio [HR], 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–5.3; P = 0.034). Conversely, PLCγ1-pY783High was a remarkably strong risk factor (HR, 20.1; 95% CI, 2.2–178.4; P = 0.003) for pre/perimenopausal patients with Luminal-A tumours. Conclusions PLCγ1 overexpression is a strong predictive surrogate marker of development of metastases in early Luminal-A and -B breast cancer patients, being able to discriminate patients with high and low risk of metastases. Therefore, targeting the PLCγ1 pathway can be considered of potential benefit for prevention of metastatic disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5949-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossano Lattanzio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy. .,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sala
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Saverio Alberti
- Department of Biotechnology BIOMORF, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Department of Pathology, 'Regina Elena' National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Mottolese
- Department of Pathology, 'Regina Elena' National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Perracchio
- Department of Pathology, 'Regina Elena' National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Natali
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mauro Piantelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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38
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Fan P, Jordan VC. New insights into acquired endocrine resistance of breast cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:198-209. [PMID: 31815253 PMCID: PMC6897388 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The translational research strategy of targeting estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive breast cancer and then using long term anti-hormone adjuvant therapy (5-10 years) has reduced recurrences and mortality. However, resistance continues to occur and improvements are required to build on the success of tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) established over the past 40 years. Further translational research has described the evolution of acquired resistance of breast cancer cell lines to long term estrogen deprivation that parallels clinical experience over years. Additionally, recent reports have identified mutations in the ERα obtained from the recurrences of AI treated patients. These mutations allow the ERα to activate without ligands and auto stimulate metastatic tumor growth. Furthermore, the new biology of estrogen-induced apoptosis in acquired resistant models in vitro and in vivo has been interrogated and applied to clinical trials. Inflammation and stress are emerging concepts occurring in the process of acquired resistance and estrogen-induced apoptosis with different mechanisms. In this review, we will present progress in the understanding of acquired resistance, focus on stress and inflammatory responses in the development of acquired resistance, and consider approaches to create new treatments to improve the treatment of breast cancer with endocrine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - V Craig Jordan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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39
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Havighorst A, Zhang Y, Farmaki E, Kaza V, Chatzistamou I, Kiaris H. Differential regulation of the unfolded protein response in outbred deer mice and susceptibility to metabolic disease. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.037242. [PMID: 30733237 PMCID: PMC6398494 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been causatively linked to the onset of various pathologies. However, whether and how inherent variations in the resulting unfolded protein response (UPR) affect predisposition to ER-stress-associated metabolic conditions remains to be established. By using genetically diverse deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) as a model, we show that the profile of tunicamycin-induced UPR in fibroblasts isolated at puberty varies between individuals and predicts deregulation of lipid metabolism and diet-induced hepatic steatosis later in life. Among the different UPR targets tested, CHOP (also known as Ddit3) more consistently predicted elevated plasma cholesterol and hepatic steatosis. Compared with baseline levels or inducibility, the maximal intensity of the UPR following stimulation best predicts the onset of pathology. Differences in the expression profile of the UPR recorded in cells from different populations of deer mice correlate with the varying response to ER stress in altitude adaptation. Our data suggest that the response to ER stress in cultured cells varies among individuals, and its profile early in life might predict the onset of ER-stress-associated disease in the elderly. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: By using genetically diverse deer mice, we show that the expression of different chaperones is highly coordinated in individual animals and its profile predicts the onset of metabolic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Havighorst
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA
| | - Youwen Zhang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA
| | - Elena Farmaki
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA
| | - Vimala Kaza
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA
| | - Hippokratis Kiaris
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA .,Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA
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40
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Busonero C, Leone S, Bartoloni S, Acconcia F. Strategies to degrade estrogen receptor α in primary and ESR1 mutant-expressing metastatic breast cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 480:107-121. [PMID: 30389467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of omic technologies, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying estrogen receptor α (ERα)-expressing breast cancer (BC) progression has grown exponentially. Nevertheless, the most widely used therapy for inhibiting this disease is endocrine therapy (ET) (i.e., aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen - Tam, faslodex/fulvestrant - FUL). However, in a considerable number of cases, prolonged patient treatment with ET generates the development of resistant tumor cells and, consequently, tumor relapse, which manifests as metastatic disease that is extremely difficult to manage, especially because such metastatic BCs (MBCs) often express ERα mutations (e.g., Y537S, D538G) that confer pronounced growth advantages to tumor cells. Interestingly, ET continues to be the therapy of choice for this neoplasia, which underscores the need to identify novel drugs that could work in primary and MBCs. In this study, we review the approaches that have been undertaken to discover these new anti-ERα compounds, especially considering those focused on evaluating ERα degradation. A literature analysis demonstrated that current strategies for discovering new anti-BC drugs are focusing on the identification either of novel ERα inhibitors, of compounds that inhibit ERα-related pathways or of drugs that influence ERα-unrelated cellular pathways. Several lines of evidence suggest that all of these molecules alter the ERα content and block the proliferation of both primary and MBCs. In turn, we propose to rationalize all these discoveries into the definition of e.m.eral.d.s (i.e., selective modulators of ERα levels and degradation) as a novel supercategory of anti-ERα drugs that function both as modulators of ERα levels and inhibitors of BC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Busonero
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Bartoloni
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Acconcia
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy.
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41
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Imanikia S, Sheng M, Taylor RC. Cell Non-autonomous UPR ER Signaling. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2018; 414:27-43. [PMID: 28879522 DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The UPRER is an important regulator of secretory pathway homeostasis, and plays roles in many physiological processes. Its broad range of targets and ability to modulate secretion and membrane trafficking make it perfectly positioned to influence intercellular communication, enabling the UPRER to coordinate physiological processes between cells and tissues. Recent evidence suggests that the activation of the UPRER can itself be communicated between cells. This cell non-autonomous route to UPRER activation occurs in multiple species, and enables organism-wide responses to stress that involve processes as diverse as immunity, metabolism, aging and reproduction. It may also play roles in disease progression, making the pathways that mediate cell non-autonomous UPRER signaling a potential source of novel future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming Sheng
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
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42
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Strong and sustained activation of the anticipatory unfolded protein response induces necrotic cell death. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1796-1807. [PMID: 29899383 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor, the unfolded protein response (UPR), regulates intracellular protein homeostasis. While transient activation of the reactive UPR by unfolded protein is protective, prolonged and sustained activation of the reactive UPR triggers CHOP-mediated apoptosis. In the recently characterized, evolutionarily conserved anticipatory UPR, mitogenic hormones and other effectors pre-activate the UPR; how strong and sustained activation of the anticipatory UPR induces cell death was unknown. To characterize this cell death pathway, we used BHPI, a small molecule that activates the anticipatory UPR through estrogen receptor α (ERα) and induces death of ERα+ cancer cells. We show that sustained activation of the anticipatory UPR by BHPI kills cells by inducing depletion of intracellular ATP, resulting in classical necrosis phenotypes, including plasma membrane disruption and leakage of intracellular contents. Unlike reactive UPR activation, BHPI-induced hyperactivation of the anticipatory UPR does not induce apoptosis or sustained autophagy. BHPI does not induce CHOP protein or PARP cleavage, and two pan-caspase inhibitors, or Bcl2 overexpression, have no effect on BHPI-induced cell death. Moreover, BHPI does not increase expression of autophagy markers, or work through recently identified programmed-necrosis pathways, such as necroptosis. Opening of endoplasmic reticulum IP3R calcium channels stimulates cell swelling, cPLA2 activation, and arachidonic acid release. Notably, cPLA2 activation requires ATP depletion. Importantly, blocking rapid cell swelling or production of arachidonic acid does not prevent necrotic cell death. Rapid cell death is upstream of PERK activation and protein synthesis inhibition, and results from strong and sustained activation of early steps in the anticipatory UPR. Supporting a central role for ATP depletion, reversing ATP depletion blocks rapid cell death, and the onset of necrotic cell death is correlated with ATP depletion. Necrotic cell death initiated by strong and sustained activation of the anticipatory UPR is a newly discovered role of the UPR.
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43
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Wang F, Tipoe GL, Yang C, Nanji AA, Hao X, So KF, Xiao J. Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide Supplementation Improves Alcoholic Liver Injury in Female Mice by Inhibiting Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800144. [PMID: 29797417 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is a water fraction of wolfberry, which has been demonstrated to possess a hepatoprotective effect in several liver disease models. However, the anti-alcoholic liver disease (anti-ALD) mechanism of LBP has not been investigated thoroughly. Its protective effects on both male and femal mice are investigated in the current study. METHODS AND RESULTS A chronic ethanol-fed ALD in vivo model is applied to study the effect of LBP in both male and female mice. It is observed that ethanol causes more severe liver injury in female than male mice, and the ameliorative effects of LBP are also more significant in female mice, which are impaired after complete bilateral oophorectomy. The hepatic SCD1 expression is found to be positively correlated with the severity of the liver damage and the main mediator of LBP inducer of protection. The AMPK-CPT pathway is also activated by LBP to rebalance the dysregulated lipid metabolism during ALD development. By using concurrent sodium palmitate and an ethanol-induced in vitro cell damage model in AML-12 cell line, it is characterized that LBP directly interacts with ERα instead of ERβ to activate the SCD1-AMPK-CPT pathway. CONCLUSIONS LBP is an effective and safe hepatoprotective agent against ALD primarily through the SCD1-AMPK-CPT pathway after ERα agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - George L Tipoe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Changqing Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Amin A Nanji
- School of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H1V, Canada
| | - Xiangfeng Hao
- Yinchuan Bairuiyuan Biotechnology, Yinchuan, 750200, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- GMH Institute of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong Medical Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong.,GMH Institute of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong Medical Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Starkey NJE, Li Y, Drenkhahn-Weinaug SK, Liu J, Lubahn DB. 27-Hydroxycholesterol Is an Estrogen Receptor β-Selective Negative Allosteric Modifier of 17β-Estradiol Binding. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1972-1981. [PMID: 29579190 PMCID: PMC6693046 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens bind to two nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERα and ERβ, which are expressed in differing amounts in various tissues. The endogenous estrogen, 17β-estradiol (E2), binds to both subtypes with nearly equal affinity and is the prototypical agonist. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) may bind to both subtypes with equivalent affinities but have agonist activities in some tissues while having antagonist activities in others. In the present study, we demonstrate that the first reported endogenous SERM, 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC), binds preferentially (>100-fold) to ERβ over ERα. Furthermore, 27-OHC is not able to fully compete with E2 binding, suggesting the two may bind at different sites. We provide an allosteric ternary complex model for the simultaneous binding of 27-OHC and E2 to ERβ, which accurately describes the binding data we have observed. We conclude that 27-OHC is a negative allosteric modifier of E2 binding, with an inhibitor constantof 50 nM and cooperativity factor (α) of 0.036. We also propose an in silico three-dimensional model of the simultaneous binding to guide future experiments. Further study of this unique binding model may allow for the discovery of novel ERβ-selective ligands and potentially explain the lack of effectiveness of ERβ-selective agonists in humans vs preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yufei Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Sara K Drenkhahn-Weinaug
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Chemistry, Lindenwood University–Belleville, Belleville, Illinois
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Dennis B Lubahn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Correspondence: Dennis B. Lubahn, PhD, 110A Animal Science Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211. E-mail:
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Li C, Fan Q, Quan H, Nie M, Luo Y, Wang L. The three branches of the unfolded protein response exhibit differential significance in breast cancer growth and stemness. Exp Cell Res 2018; 367:170-185. [PMID: 29601799 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is widely activated in cancers. The mammalian UPR encompasses three signaling branches, namely inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α), protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α). The functional significance of each branch in tumorigenesis is incompletely understood, especially in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Here, we report that inhibition and silencing of the three UPR sensors has differential effects on breast cancer growth and the CSC population. The levels of PERK and ATF6α strongly correlate with the expression of sex determining region Y (SRY)-box 2 (SOX2), a pluripotency regulator, in human breast cancer tissues. UPR activation is also elevated in the CSC-enriched mammospheres. Inhibition of the UPR sensors or excess ER stress markedly reduces the formation and maintenance of mammospheres, suggesting that an appropriate level of UPR activation is critical for the CSC survival. Mechanistically, transcription factors from UPR and pluripotency pathways interact and reciprocally influence each other. A transcription modulator, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein delta (C/EBPδ), interacts with pluripotency regulator, SOX2, and UPR transcription factors, thus likely serving as a link to coordinate UPR and pluripotency maintenance in CSCs. Our findings demonstrate that UPR is critical for both cancer growth and pluripotency, and highlight the differential role and complexity of the three UPR branches in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Li
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Qianqian Fan
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hongyang Quan
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Meng Nie
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yunping Luo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China.
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Livezey M, Kim JE, Shapiro DJ. A New Role for Estrogen Receptor α in Cell Proliferation and Cancer: Activating the Anticipatory Unfolded Protein Response. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:325. [PMID: 29963013 PMCID: PMC6013567 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells react to a variety of stresses, including accumulation of unfolded or misfolded protein, by activating the endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress sensor, the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR is highly conserved and plays a key role in the maintenance of protein folding quality control and homeostasis. In contrast to the classical reactive mode of UPR activation, recent studies describe a hormone-activated anticipatory UPR. In this pathway, mitogenic hormones, such as estrogen (E2), epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor rapidly activate the UPR in anticipation of a future need for increased protein folding capacity upon cell proliferation. Here, we focus on this recently unveiled pathway of E2-estrogen receptor α (ERα) action. Notably, rapid activation of the anticipatory UPR pathway is essential for subsequent activation of the E2-ERα regulated transcription program. Moreover, activation of the UPR at diagnosis is a powerful prognostic marker in ERα positive breast cancer. Furthermore, in cells containing ERα mutations that confer estrogen independence and are common in metastatic breast cancer, the UPR is constitutively activated and linked to antiestrogen resistance. Lethal ERα-dependent hyperactivation of the anticipatory UPR represents a promising therapeutic approach exploited by a new class of small molecule ERα biomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Livezey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - David J. Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: David J. Shapiro,
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Abstract
The efficient production, folding, and secretion of proteins is critical for cancer cell survival. However, cancer cells thrive under stress conditions that damage proteins, so many cancer cells overexpress molecular chaperones that facilitate protein folding and target misfolded proteins for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome or autophagy pathway. Stress response pathway induction is also important for cancer cell survival. Indeed, validated targets for anti-cancer treatments include molecular chaperones, components of the unfolded protein response, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy. We will focus on links between breast cancer and these processes, as well as the development of drug resistance, relapse, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, A320 Langley Hall, 4249 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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A Novel IMP1 Inhibitor, BTYNB, Targets c-Myc and Inhibits Melanoma and Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:818-827. [PMID: 28846937 PMCID: PMC5576976 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncofetal mRNA-binding protein, IMP1 or insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP1), binds to and stabilizes c-Myc, β-TrCP1, and other oncogenic mRNAs, leading to increased expression of the proteins encoded by its target mRNAs. IMP1 is frequently overexpressed in cancer and is strongly correlated with a poor prognosis and reduced survival in melanoma, ovarian, breast, colon, and lung cancer. While IMP1 is an attractive anticancer drug target, there are no small molecule inhibitors of IMP1. A fluorescence anisotropy-based assay was used to screen 160,000 small molecules for their ability to inhibit IMP1 binding to fluorescein-labeled c-Myc mRNA. The small molecule, BTYNB, was identified as a potent and selective inhibitor of IMP1 binding to c-Myc mRNA. In cells, BTYNB downregulates several mRNA transcripts regulated by IMP1. BTYNB destabilizes c-Myc mRNA, resulting in downregulation of c-Myc mRNA and protein. BTYNB downregulates β-TrCP1 mRNA and reduces activation of nuclear transcriptional factors-kappa B (NF-κB). The oncogenic translation regulator, eEF2, emerged as a new IMP1 target mRNA, enabling BTYNB to inhibit tumor cell protein synthesis. BTYNB potently inhibited proliferation of IMP1-containing ovarian cancer and melanoma cells with no effect in IMP1-negative cells. Overexpression of IMP1 reversed BTYNB inhibition of cell proliferation. BTYNB completely blocked anchorage-independent growth of melanoma and ovarian cancer cells in colony formation assays. With its ability to target c-Myc and to inhibit proliferation of difficult-to-target melanomas and ovarian cancer cells, and with its unique mode of action, BTYNB is a promising small molecule for further therapeutic evaluation and mechanistic studies.
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Sexual Dimorphism in a Reciprocal Interaction of Ryanodine and IP 3 Receptors in the Induction of Hyperalgesic Priming. J Neurosci 2017; 37:2032-2044. [PMID: 28115480 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2911-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperalgesic priming, a model of pain chronification in the rat, is mediated by ryanodine receptor-dependent calcium release. Although ryanodine induces priming in both sexes, females are 5 orders of magnitude more sensitive, by an estrogen receptor α (EsRα)-dependent mechanism. An inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor inhibitor prevented the induction of priming by ryanodine. For IP3 induced priming, females were also more sensitive. IP3-induced priming was prevented by pretreatment with inhibitors of the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase and ryanodine receptor. Antisense to EsRα prevented the induction of priming by low-dose IP3 in females. The induction of priming by an EsRα agonist was ryanodine receptor-dependent and prevented by the IP3 antagonist. Thus, an EsRα-dependent bidirectional interaction between endoplasmic reticulum IP3 and ryanodine receptor-mediated calcium signaling is present in the induction of hyperalgesic priming, in females. In cultured male DRG neurons, IP3 (100 μm) potentiated depolarization-induced transients produced by extracellular application of high-potassium solution (20 mm, K20), in nociceptors incubated with β-estradiol. This potentiation of depolarization-induced calcium transients was blocked by the IP3 antagonist, and not observed in the absence of IP3 IP3 potentiation was also blocked by ryanodine receptor antagonist. The application of ryanodine (2 nm), instead of IP3, also potentiated K20-induced calcium transients in the presence of β-estradiol, in an IP3 receptor-dependent manner. Our results point to an EsRα-dependent, reciprocal interaction between IP3 and ryanodine receptors that contributes to sex differences in hyperalgesic priming.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The present study demonstrates a mechanism that plays a role in the marked sexual dimorphism observed in a model of the transition to chronic pain, hyperalgesic priming. This mechanism involves a reciprocal interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum receptors, IP3 and ryanodine, in the induction of priming, regulated by estrogen receptor α in the nociceptor of female rats. The presence of this signaling pathway modulating the susceptibility of nociceptors to develop plasticity may contribute to our understanding of sex differences observed clinically in chronic pain syndromes.
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Niklasson M, Maddalo G, Sramkova Z, Mutlu E, Wee S, Sekyrova P, Schmidt L, Fritz N, Dehnisch I, Kyriatzis G, Krafcikova M, Carson BB, Feenstra JM, Marinescu VD, Segerman A, Haraldsson M, Gustavsson AL, Hammarström LG, Jenmalm Jensen A, Uhrbom L, Altelaar AM, Linnarsson S, Uhlén P, Trantirek L, Vincent CT, Nelander S, Enger PØ, Andäng M. Membrane-Depolarizing Channel Blockers Induce Selective Glioma Cell Death by Impairing Nutrient Transport and Unfolded Protein/Amino Acid Responses. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1741-1752. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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