1
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Hidki A, Peng JX, Singh SK, Khalid M, Asjad M. Entanglement and quantum coherence of two YIG spheres in a hybrid Laguerre-Gaussian cavity optomechanics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11204. [PMID: 38755238 PMCID: PMC11099069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61670-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We theoretically investigate continuous variable entanglement and macroscopic quantum coherence in the hybrid L-G rotational cavity optomechanical system containing two YIG spheres. In this system, a single L-G cavity mode and both magnon modes (which are due to the collective excitation of spins in two YIG spheres) are coupled through the magnetic dipole interaction whereas the L-G cavity mode can also exchange orbital angular momentum (OAM) with the rotating mirror (RM). We study in detail the effects of various physical parameters like cavity and both magnon detunings, environment temperature, optorotational and magnon coupling strengths on the bipartite entanglement and the macroscopic quantum coherence as well. We also explore parameter regimes to achieve maximum values for both of these quantum correlations. We also observed that the parameters regime for achieving maximum bipartite entanglement is completely different from macroscopic quantum coherence. So, our present study shall provide a method to control various nonclassical quantum correlations of macroscopic objects in the hybrid L-G rotational cavity optomechanical system and have potential applications in quantum sensing, quantum meteorology, and quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Hidki
- LPTHE, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Jia-Xin Peng
- School of Physics and Electronic Electrical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - S K Singh
- Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Research Institute of Sustainable Environment (RISE), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
- Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - M Khalid
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - M Asjad
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Sciences, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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2
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Zhu GL, Hu CS, Wang H, Qin W, Lü XY, Nori F. Nonreciprocal Superradiant Phase Transitions and Multicriticality in a Cavity QED System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:193602. [PMID: 38804940 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.193602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate the emergence of nonreciprocal superradiant phase transitions and novel multicriticality in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system, where a two-level atom interacts with two counterpropagating modes of a whispering-gallery-mode microcavity. The cavity rotates at a certain angular velocity and is directionally squeezed by a unidirectional parametric pumping χ^{(2)} nonlinearity. The combination of cavity rotation and directional squeezing leads to nonreciprocal first- and second-order superradiant phase transitions. These transitions do not require ultrastrong atom-field couplings and can be easily controlled by the external pump field. Through a full quantum description of the system Hamiltonian, we identify two types of multicritical points in the phase diagram, both of which exhibit controllable nonreciprocity. These results open a new door for all-optical manipulation of superradiant transitions and multicritical behaviors in light-matter systems, with potential applications in engineering various integrated nonreciprocal quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lei Zhu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chang-Sheng Hu
- Department of Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Wei Qin
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xin-You Lü
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Quantum Computing Center, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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3
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Chen HJ. Two-color electromagnetically induced transparency generated slow light in double-mechanical-mode coupling carbon nanotube resonators. iScience 2024; 27:109328. [PMID: 38500837 PMCID: PMC10946331 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We theoretically propose a multiple-mode-coupling hybrid quantum system comprising two-mode-coupling nanomechanical carbon nanotube (CNT) resonators realized by a phase-dependent phonon-exchange interaction interacting with the same nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. We investigate the coherent optical responses of the NV center under the condition of resonance and detuning. In particular, two-color electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be achieved by controlling the system parameters and coupling regimes. Combining the spin-phonon interactions and phonon-phonon coupling with the modulation phase, the switching of one and two EIT windows has been demonstrated, which generates a light delay or advance. The slow-to-fast and fast-to-slow light transitions have been studied in different coupling regimes, and the switch between slow and fast light can be controlled periodically by tuning the modulation phase. The study can be applied to phonon-mediated optical information storage or information processing with spin qubits based on multiple-mode hybrid quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jun Chen
- School of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China
- Center for Fundamental Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China
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4
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Mei K, Borrelli WR, Vong A, Schwartz BJ. Using Machine Learning to Understand the Causes of Quantum Decoherence in Solution-Phase Bond-Breaking Reactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:903-911. [PMID: 38241152 PMCID: PMC10839908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Decoherence is a fundamental phenomenon that occurs when an entangled quantum state interacts with its environment, leading to collapse of the wave function. The inevitability of decoherence provides one of the most intrinsic limits of quantum computing. However, there has been little study of the precise chemical motions from the environment that cause decoherence. Here, we use quantum molecular dynamics simulations to explore the photodissociation of Na2+ in liquid Ar, in which solvent fluctuations induce decoherence and thus determine the products of chemical bond breaking. We use machine learning to characterize the solute-solvent environment as a high-dimensional feature space that allows us to predict when and onto which photofragment the bonding electron will localize. We find that reaching a requisite photofragment separation and experiencing out-of-phase solvent collisions underlie decoherence during chemical bond breaking. Our work highlights the utility of machine learning for interpreting complex solution-phase chemical processes as well as identifies the molecular underpinnings of decoherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth
J. Mei
- Department of Chemistry &
Biochemistry, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - William R. Borrelli
- Department of Chemistry &
Biochemistry, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Andy Vong
- Department of Chemistry &
Biochemistry, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry &
Biochemistry, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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5
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Leitch H, Hammam K, De Chiara G. Thermodynamics of hybrid quantum rotor devices. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:024108. [PMID: 38491686 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.024108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the thermodynamics of a hybrid quantum device consisting of two qubits collectively interacting with a quantum rotor and coupled dissipatively to two equilibrium reservoirs at different temperatures. By modeling the dynamics and the resulting steady state of the system using a collision model, we identify the functioning of the device as a thermal engine, a refrigerator, or an accelerator. In addition, we also look into the device's capacity to operate as a heat rectifier and optimize both the rectification coefficient and the heat flow simultaneously. Drawing an analogy to heat rectification and since we are interested in the conversion of energy into the rotor's kinetic energy, we introduce the concept of angular momentum rectification, which may be employed to control work extraction through an external load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Leitch
- Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Kenza Hammam
- Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele De Chiara
- Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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6
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Burkard G. Diamond spins making waves again. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320837121. [PMID: 38227665 PMCID: PMC10823166 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320837121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Burkard
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, KonstanzD-78457, Germany
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7
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Smith JA, Zhang D, Balram KC. Robotic Vectorial Field Alignment for Spin-Based Quantum Sensors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304449. [PMID: 37974523 PMCID: PMC10787065 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Developing practical quantum technologies will require the exquisite manipulation of fragile systems in a robust and repeatable way. As quantum technologies move toward real world applications, from biological sensing to communication in space, increasing experimental complexity introduces constraints that can be alleviated by the introduction of new technologies. Robotics has shown tremendous progress in realizing increasingly smart, autonomous, and highly dexterous machines. Here, a robotic arm equipped with a magnet is demonstrated to sensitize an NV center quantum magnetometer in challenging conditions unachievable with standard techniques. Vector magnetic fields are generated with 1° angular and 0.1 mT amplitude accuracy and determine the orientation of a single stochastically-aligned spin-based sensor in a constrained physical environment. This work opens up the prospect of integrating robotics across many quantum degrees of freedom in constrained settings, allowing for increased prototyping speed, control, and robustness in quantum technology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe A Smith
- Quantum Engineering Technology Labs and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Bristol Robotics Laboratory and Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TW, UK
| | - Krishna C Balram
- Quantum Engineering Technology Labs and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
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8
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Agustí J, Zhang XHH, Minoguchi Y, Rabl P. Autonomous Distribution of Programmable Multiqubit Entanglement in a Dual-Rail Quantum Network. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:250801. [PMID: 38181340 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.250801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
We propose and analyze a scalable and fully autonomous scheme for preparing spatially distributed multiqubit entangled states in a dual-rail waveguide QED setup. In this approach, arrays of qubits located along two separated waveguides are illuminated by correlated photons from the output of a nondegenerate parametric amplifier. These photons drive the qubits into different classes of pure entangled steady states, for which the degree of multipartite entanglement can be conveniently adjusted by the chosen pattern of local qubit-photon detunings. Numerical simulations for moderate-sized networks show that the preparation time for these complex multiqubit states increases at most linearly with the system size and that one may benefit from an additional speedup in the limit of a large amplifier bandwidth. Therefore, this scheme offers an intriguing new route for distributing ready-to-use multipartite entangled states across large quantum networks, without requiring any precise pulse control and relying on a single Gaussian entanglement source only.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Agustí
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - X H H Zhang
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Y Minoguchi
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Rabl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), 80799 Munich, Germany
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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9
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Kitzman JM, Lane JR, Undershute C, Harrington PM, Beysengulov NR, Mikolas CA, Murch KW, Pollanen J. Phononic bath engineering of a superconducting qubit. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3910. [PMID: 37400431 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phonons, the ubiquitous quanta of vibrational energy, play a vital role in the performance of quantum technologies. Conversely, unintended coupling to phonons degrades qubit performance and can lead to correlated errors in superconducting qubit systems. Regardless of whether phonons play an enabling or deleterious role, they do not typically admit control over their spectral properties, nor the possibility of engineering their dissipation to be used as a resource. Here we show that coupling a superconducting qubit to a bath of piezoelectric surface acoustic wave phonons enables a novel platform for investigating open quantum systems. By shaping the loss spectrum of the qubit via the bath of lossy surface phonons, we demonstrate preparation and dynamical stabilization of superposition states through the combined effects of drive and dissipation. These experiments highlight the versatility of engineered phononic dissipation and advance the understanding of mechanical losses in superconducting qubit systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kitzman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - J R Lane
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - C Undershute
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - P M Harrington
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - N R Beysengulov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - C A Mikolas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - K W Murch
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - J Pollanen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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10
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Velu C, Putra FHR. How to introduce quantum computers without slowing economic growth. Nature 2023; 619:461-464. [PMID: 37460723 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-02317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
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11
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Chafatinos DL, Kuznetsov AS, Reynoso AA, Usaj G, Sesin P, Papuccio I, Bruchhausen AE, Biermann K, Santos PV, Fainstein A. Asynchronous locking in metamaterials of fluids of light and sound. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3485. [PMID: 37336923 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lattices of exciton-polariton condensates represent an attractive platform for the study and implementation of non-Hermitian bosonic quantum systems with strong non-linear interactions. The possibility to actuate on them with a time dependent drive could provide for example the means to induce resonant inter-level transitions, or to perform Floquet engineering or Landau-Zener-Stückelberg state preparation. Here, we introduce polaromechanical metamaterials, two-dimensional arrays of μm-sized traps confining zero-dimensional light-matter polariton fluids and GHz phonons. A strong exciton-mediated polariton-phonon interaction induces a time-dependent inter-site polariton coupling J(t) with remarkable consequences for the dynamics. When locally perturbed by continuous wave optical excitation, a mechanical self-oscillation sets-in and polaritons respond by locking the energy detuning between neighbor sites at integer multiples of the phonon energy, evidencing asynchronous locking involving the polariton and phonon fields. These results open the path for the coherent control of dissipative quantum light fluids with hypersound in a scalable platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Chafatinos
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN-Bariloche), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - A S Kuznetsov
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Leibniz-Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - A A Reynoso
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN-Bariloche), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
- Departamento de Física Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - G Usaj
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN-Bariloche), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
- TQC, Universiteit Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - P Sesin
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN-Bariloche), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - I Papuccio
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN-Bariloche), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - A E Bruchhausen
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN-Bariloche), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - K Biermann
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Leibniz-Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - P V Santos
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Leibniz-Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Hausvogteiplatz 5-7, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - A Fainstein
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), 8400, Bariloche, Argentina.
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN-Bariloche), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina.
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12
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Fan J, Zhang H, Jiao Y, Li C, Bai J, Wu J, Zhao J, Jia S. Manipulation of single stored-photon with microwave field based on Rydberg polariton. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:20641-20650. [PMID: 37381183 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a coherent microwave manipulation of a single optical photon based on a single Rydberg excitation in an atomic ensemble. Due to the strong nonlinearities in a Rydberg blockade region, a single photon can be stored in the formation of Rydberg polariton using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The manipulation of the stored single photon is performed by applying a microwave field that resonantly couples the nS1/2 and nP3/2, while the coherent readout is performed by mapping the excitation into a single photon. We achieve a single photon source with g(2)(0) = 0.29 ± 0.08 at 80S1/2 without applying microwave fields. By implementing the microwave field during the storage time and retrieval process, we show the Rabi oscillation and modulation of stored photons that can be controlled to retrieve early or late. Rapid modulation frequencies up to 50 MHz can be obtained. Our experimental observations can be well explained via numerical simulations based on an improved superatom model accounting for the dipole-dipole interactions in a Rydberg EIT medium. Our work provides a way to manipulate the stored photons by employing the microwave field, which is significant for developing quantum technologies.
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13
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Sahu R, Qiu L, Hease W, Arnold G, Minoguchi Y, Rabl P, Fink JM. Entangling microwaves with light. Science 2023; 380:718-721. [PMID: 37200415 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg3812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantum entanglement is a key resource in currently developed quantum technologies. Sharing this fragile property between superconducting microwave circuits and optical or atomic systems would enable new functionalities, but this has been hindered by an energy scale mismatch of >104 and the resulting mutually imposed loss and noise. In this work, we created and verified entanglement between microwave and optical fields in a millikelvin environment. Using an optically pulsed superconducting electro-optical device, we show entanglement between propagating microwave and optical fields in the continuous variable domain. This achievement not only paves the way for entanglement between superconducting circuits and telecom wavelength light, but also has wide-ranging implications for hybrid quantum networks in the context of modularization, scaling, sensing, and cross-platform verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sahu
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - L Qiu
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - W Hease
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - G Arnold
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Y Minoguchi
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Rabl
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Technische Universität München, TUM School of Natural Sciences, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - J M Fink
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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14
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Mercurio A, Abo S, Mauceri F, Russo E, Macrì V, Miranowicz A, Savasta S, Di Stefano O. Pure Dephasing of Light-Matter Systems in the Ultrastrong and Deep-Strong Coupling Regimes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:123601. [PMID: 37027872 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.123601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pure dephasing originates from the nondissipative information exchange between quantum systems and environments, and plays a key role in both spectroscopy and quantum information technology. Often pure dephasing constitutes the main mechanism of decay of quantum correlations. Here we investigate how pure dephasing of one of the components of a hybrid quantum system affects the dephasing rate of the system transitions. We find that, in turn, the interaction, in the case of a light-matter system, can significantly affect the form of the stochastic perturbation describing the dephasing of a subsystem, depending on the adopted gauge. Neglecting this issue can lead to wrong and unphysical results when the interaction becomes comparable to the bare resonance frequencies of subsystems, which correspond to the ultrastrong and deep-strong coupling regimes. We present results for two prototypical models of cavity quantun electrodynamics: the quantum Rabi and the Hopfield model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mercurio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Shilan Abo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Fabio Mauceri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Macrì
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Adam Miranowicz
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Omar Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
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15
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Gupta R, Singh R, Gehlot A, Akram SV, Yadav N, Brajpuriya R, Yadav A, Wu Y, Zheng H, Biswas A, Suhir E, Yadav VS, Kumar T, Verma AS. Silicon photonics interfaced with microelectronics for integrated photonic quantum technologies: a new era in advanced quantum computers and quantum communications? NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4682-4693. [PMID: 36779637 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05610k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Silicon photonics is rapidly evolving as an advanced chip framework for implementing quantum technologies. With the help of silicon photonics, general-purpose programmable networks with hundreds of discrete components have been developed. These networks can compute quantum states generated on-chip as well as more extraordinary functions like quantum transmission and random number generation. In particular, the interfacing of silicon photonics with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microelectronics enables us to build miniaturized quantum devices for next-generation sensing, communication, and generating randomness for assembling quantum computers. In this review, we assess the significance of silicon photonics and its interfacing with microelectronics for achieving the technology milestones in the next generation of quantum computers and quantum communication. To this end, especially, we have provided an overview of the mechanism of a homodyne detector and the latest state-of-the-art of measuring squeezed light along with its integration on a photonic chip. Finally, we present an outlook on future studies that are considered beneficial for the wide implementation of silicon photonics for distinct data-driven applications with maximum throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, India
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche C.P. 24560, México
| | - Anita Gehlot
- Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, India
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche C.P. 24560, México
| | - Shaik Vaseem Akram
- Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, India
| | - Neha Yadav
- Center for Advanced Laser Manufacturing (CALM), Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P.R. China.
| | - Ranjeet Brajpuriya
- Department of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
| | - Ashish Yadav
- Center for Advanced Laser Manufacturing (CALM), Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P.R. China.
| | - Yongling Wu
- Center for Advanced Laser Manufacturing (CALM), Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P.R. China.
| | - Hongyu Zheng
- Center for Advanced Laser Manufacturing (CALM), Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P.R. China.
| | - Abhijit Biswas
- USA Prime Biotech LLC, 1330 NW 6th Street, Suite A2, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Ephraim Suhir
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Vikram Singh Yadav
- Department of Applied Sciences, Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jhansi, India
| | - Tanuj Kumar
- Department of Nanoscience and materials, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, 181143, India
| | - Ajay Singh Verma
- Division of Research & Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248007, India
- University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab-140413, India
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16
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Zhang J, Hegde SS, Suter D. Fast Quantum State Tomography in the Nitrogen Vacancy Center of Diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:090801. [PMID: 36930911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.090801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantum state tomography is the procedure for reconstructing unknown quantum states from a series of measurements of different observables. Depending on the physical system, different sets of observables have been used for this procedure. In the case of spin qubits, the most common procedure is to measure the transverse magnetization of the system as a function of time. Here, we present a different scheme that relies on time-independent observables and therefore does not require measurements at different evolution times, thereby greatly reducing the overall measurement time. To recover the full density matrix, we use a set of unitary operations that transform the density operator elements into the directly measurable observable. We demonstrate the performance of this scheme in the electron-nuclear spin system of the nitrogen vacancy center in diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Zhang
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Swathi S Hegde
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dieter Suter
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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17
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Kumar A, Suleymanzade A, Stone M, Taneja L, Anferov A, Schuster DI, Simon J. Quantum-enabled millimetre wave to optical transduction using neutral atoms. Nature 2023; 615:614-619. [PMID: 36949338 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Early experiments with transiting circular Rydberg atoms in a superconducting resonator laid the foundations of modern cavity and circuit quantum electrodynamics1, and helped explore the defining features of quantum mechanics such as entanglement. Whereas ultracold atoms and superconducting circuits have since taken rather independent paths in the exploration of new physics, taking advantage of their complementary strengths in an integrated system enables access to fundamentally new parameter regimes and device capabilities2,3. Here we report on such a system, coupling an ensemble of cold 85Rb atoms simultaneously to an, as far as we are aware, first-of-its-kind optically accessible, three-dimensional superconducting resonator4 and a vibration-suppressed optical cavity in a cryogenic (5 K) environment. To demonstrate the capabilities of this platform, and with an eye towards quantum networking5, we leverage the strong coupling between Rydberg atoms and the superconducting resonator to implement a quantum-enabled millimetre wave (mmwave) photon to optical photon transducer6. We measured an internal conversion efficiency of 58(11)%, a conversion bandwidth of 360(20) kHz and added thermal noise of 0.6 photons, in agreement with a parameter-free theory. Extensions of this technique will allow near-unity efficiency transduction in both the mmwave and microwave regimes. More broadly, our results open a new field of hybrid mmwave/optical quantum science, with prospects for operation deep in the strong coupling regime for efficient generation of metrologically or computationally useful entangled states7 and quantum simulation/computation with strong non-local interactions8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Kumar
- The Department of Physics, The James Franck Institute and The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- The Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Aziza Suleymanzade
- The Department of Physics, The James Franck Institute and The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark Stone
- The Department of Physics, The James Franck Institute and The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lavanya Taneja
- The Department of Physics, The James Franck Institute and The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander Anferov
- The Department of Physics, The James Franck Institute and The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David I Schuster
- The Department of Physics, The James Franck Institute and The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Simon
- The Department of Physics, The James Franck Institute and The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- The Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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18
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Rieger D, Günzler S, Spiecker M, Paluch P, Winkel P, Hahn L, Hohmann JK, Bacher A, Wernsdorfer W, Pop IM. Granular aluminium nanojunction fluxonium qubit. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:194-199. [PMID: 36482206 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mesoscopic Josephson junctions, consisting of overlapping superconducting electrodes separated by a nanometre-thin oxide layer, provide a precious source of nonlinearity for superconducting quantum circuits. Here we show that in a fluxonium qubit, the role of the Josephson junction can also be played by a lithographically defined, self-structured granular aluminium nanojunction: a superconductor-insulator-superconductor Josephson junction obtained in a single-layer, zero-angle evaporation. The measured spectrum of the resulting qubit, which we nickname gralmonium, is indistinguishable from that of a standard fluxonium. Remarkably, the lack of a mesoscopic parallel plate capacitor gives rise to an intrinsically large granular aluminium nanojunction charging energy in the range of tens of gigahertz, comparable to its Josephson energy. We measure coherence times in the microsecond range and we observe spontaneous jumps of the value of the Josephson energy on timescales from milliseconds to days, which offers a powerful diagnostics tool for microscopic defects in superconducting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rieger
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - S Günzler
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - M Spiecker
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Paluch
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - P Winkel
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - L Hahn
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - J K Hohmann
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A Bacher
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - W Wernsdorfer
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - I M Pop
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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19
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Monge R, Delord T, Proscia NV, Shotan Z, Jayakumar H, Henshaw J, Zangara PR, Lozovoi A, Pagliero D, Esquinazi PD, An T, Sodemann I, Menon VM, Meriles CA. Spin Dynamics of a Solid-State Qubit in Proximity to a Superconductor. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:422-428. [PMID: 36602464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A broad effort is underway to understand and harness the interaction between superconductors and spin-active color centers with an eye on hybrid quantum devices and novel imaging modalities of superconducting materials. Most work, however, overlooks the interplay between either system and the environment created by the color center host. Here we use a diamond scanning probe to investigate the spin dynamics of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center proximal to a superconducting film. We find that the presence of the superconductor increases the NV spin coherence lifetime, a phenomenon we tentatively rationalize as a change in the electric noise due to a superconductor-induced redistribution of charge carriers near induced redistribution of charge carriers near the NV. We then build on these findings to demonstrate transverse-relaxation-time-weighted imaging of the superconductor film. These results shed light on the dynamics governing the spin coherence of shallow NVs, and promise opportunities for new forms of noise spectroscopy and imaging of superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Monge
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
- CUNY-Graduate Center, New York, New York10016, United States
| | - Tom Delord
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Nicholas V Proscia
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Zav Shotan
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Harishankar Jayakumar
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Jacob Henshaw
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Pablo R Zangara
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Artur Lozovoi
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Daniela Pagliero
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
| | - Pablo D Esquinazi
- Division of Superconductivity and Magnetism, Felix-Bloch-Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Leipzig, D-04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Toshu An
- Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi City, Ishikawa923-1292, Japan
| | - Inti Sodemann
- Institut for Theoretical Physics, University of Leipzig, D-04103Leipzig, Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187Dresden, Germany
| | - Vinod M Menon
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
- CUNY-Graduate Center, New York, New York10016, United States
| | - Carlos A Meriles
- Department. of Physics, CUNY-City College of New York, New York, New York10031, United States
- CUNY-Graduate Center, New York, New York10016, United States
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20
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Zhu GL, Hu CS, Wu Y, Lü XY. Cavity optomechanical chaos. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:63-74. [PMID: 38933568 PMCID: PMC11197703 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cavity optomechanics provides a powerful platform for observing many interesting classical and quantum nonlinear phenomena due to the radiation-pressure coupling between its optical and mechanical modes. In particular, the chaos induced by optomechanical nonlinearity has been of great concern because of its importance both in fundamental physics and potential applications ranging from secret information processing to optical communications. This review focuses on the chaotic dynamics in optomechanical systems. The basic theory of general nonlinear dynamics and the fundamental properties of chaos are introduced. Several nonlinear dynamical effects in optomechanical systems are demonstrated. Moreover, recent remarkable theoretical and experimental efforts in manipulating optomechanical chaotic motions are addressed. Future perspectives of chaos in hybrid systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lei Zhu
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Hu
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin-You Lü
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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21
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Shen Z, Xu GT, Zhang M, Zhang YL, Wang Y, Chai CZ, Zou CL, Guo GC, Dong CH. Coherent Coupling between Phonons, Magnons, and Photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:243601. [PMID: 36563280 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.243601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical degrees of freedom, which have often been overlooked in various quantum systems, have been studied for applications ranging from quantum information processing to sensing. Here, we develop a hybrid platform consisting of a magnomechanical cavity and an optomechanical cavity, which are coherently coupled by the straightway physical contact. The phonons in the system can be manipulated either with the magnetostrictive interaction or optically through the radiation pressure. Together with mechanical state preparation and sensitive readout, we demonstrate the microwave-to-optical conversion with an ultrawide tuning range up to 3 GHz. In addition, we observe a mechanical motion interference effect, in which the optically driven mechanical motion is canceled by the microwave-driven coherent motion. Manipulating mechanical oscillators with equal facility through both magnonic and photonic channels enables new architectures for signal transduction between the optical, microwave, mechanical, and magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Ting Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Mai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Zhe Chai
- Yongjiang Laboratory (Y-LAB), Ningbo, Zhejiang 315202 People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
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22
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Dasari DBR, Yang S, Chakrabarti A, Finkler A, Kurizki G, Wrachtrup J. Anti-Zeno purification of spin baths by quantum probe measurements. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7527. [PMID: 36473849 PMCID: PMC9726817 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno paradigms have thus far addressed the evolution control of a quantum system coupled to an immutable bath via non-selective measurements performed at appropriate intervals. We fundamentally modify these paradigms by introducing, theoretically and experimentally, the concept of controlling the bath state via selective measurements of the system (a qubit). We show that at intervals corresponding to the anti-Zeno regime of the system-bath exchange, a sequence of measurements has strongly correlated outcomes. These correlations can dramatically enhance the bath-state purity and yield a low-entropy steady state of the bath. The purified bath state persists long after the measurements are completed. Such purification enables the exploitation of spin baths as long-lived quantum memories or as quantum-enhanced sensors. The experiment involved a repeatedly probed defect center dephased by a nuclear spin bath in a diamond at low-temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao Dasari
- grid.5719.a0000 0004 1936 97133.Physics Institute, Center for Applied Quantum Technologies, IQST, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 70569 Germany
| | - Sen Yang
- grid.24515.370000 0004 1937 1450Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arnab Chakrabarti
- grid.13992.300000 0004 0604 7563AMOS and Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amit Finkler
- grid.13992.300000 0004 0604 7563AMOS and Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gershon Kurizki
- grid.13992.300000 0004 0604 7563AMOS and Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jörg Wrachtrup
- grid.5719.a0000 0004 1936 97133.Physics Institute, Center for Applied Quantum Technologies, IQST, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 70569 Germany ,grid.419552.e0000 0001 1015 6736Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
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23
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Ochoa MA. Quantum thermodynamics of periodically driven polaritonic systems. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:064113. [PMID: 36671137 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.064113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the energy distribution and quantum thermodynamics in periodically-driven polaritonic systems in the stationary state at room temperature. Specifically, we consider an exciton strongly coupled to a harmonic oscillator and quantify the energy reorganization between these two systems and their interaction as a function of coupling strength, driving force, and detuning. After deriving the quantum master equation for the polariton density matrix with weak environment interactions, we obtain the dissipative time propagator and the long-time evolution of an equilibrium initial state. This approach provides direct access to the stationary state and overcomes the difficulties found in the numerical evolution of weakly damped quantum systems near resonance, also providing maps on the polariton lineshape. Then, we compute the thermodynamic performance during harmonic modulation and demonstrate that maximum efficiency occurs at resonance. We also provide an expression for the irreversible heat rate and numerically demonstrate that this agrees with the thermodynamic laws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maicol A Ochoa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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24
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Irish EK, Armour AD. Defining the Semiclassical Limit of the Quantum Rabi Hamiltonian. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:183603. [PMID: 36374670 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.183603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The crossover from quantum to semiclassical behavior in the seminal Rabi model of light-matter interaction still, surprisingly, lacks a complete and rigorous understanding. A formalism for deriving the semiclassical model directly from the quantum Hamiltonian is developed here. Working in a displaced Fock-state basis |α,n⟩, the semiclassical limit is obtained by taking |α|→∞ and the coupling to zero. This resolves the discrepancy between coherent-state dynamics and semiclassical Rabi oscillations in both standard and ultrastrong coupling and driving regimes. Furthermore, it provides a framework for studying the quantum-to-semiclassical transition, with potential applications in quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Irish
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - A D Armour
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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25
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On Macroscopic Quantum Coherence with Synchronized Atoms and Molecules: Superradiance. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The collective behavior of quantum particles is one of the most intriguing phenomena in quantum optics. In particular, superradiance refers to spontaneous collective emissions from a group of quantum particles behaving collectively as a whole due to the buildup of macroscopic quantum coherence. An important question is whether macroscopic quantum coherence is constructed by means of a quantum synchronization (i.e., a quantum analog of classical synchronization) or not. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to this question from the author’s perspective. A few selected studies relevant to synchronized atoms and molecules are discussed. The author concludes that collective behaviors of quantum particles may be formulated as quantum synchronizations, but extensive studies are still needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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26
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Kong D, Xu J, Gong C, Wang F, Hu X. Magnon-atom-optical photon entanglement via the microwave photon-mediated Raman interaction. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:34998-35013. [PMID: 36242502 DOI: 10.1364/oe.468400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We show that it is possible to generate magnon-atom-optical photon tripartite entanglement via the microwave photon-mediated Raman interaction. Magnons in a macroscopic ferromagnet and optical photons in a cavity are induced into a Raman interaction with an atomic spin ensemble when a microwave field couples the magnons to one Raman wing. The controllable magnon-atom entanglement, magnon-optical photon entanglement, and even genuine magnon-atom-optical photon tripartite entanglement can be generated simultaneously. In addition, these bipartite and tripartite entanglements are robust against the environment temperature. Our scheme paves the way for exploring a quantum interface bridging the microwave and optical domains, and may provide a promising building block for hybrid quantum networks.
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27
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Chen Z, Liu Q, Zhou J, Zhao P, Yu H, Li T, Liu Y. Parity-dependent unidirectional and chiral photon transfer in reversed-dissipation cavity optomechanics. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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28
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Ruelle T, Jaeger D, Fogliano F, Braakman F, Poggio M. A tunable fiber Fabry-Perot cavity for hybrid optomechanics stabilized at 4 K. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:095003. [PMID: 36182449 DOI: 10.1063/5.0098140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We describe an apparatus for the implementation of hybrid optomechanical systems at 4 K. The platform is based on a high-finesse, micrometer-scale fiber Fabry-Perot cavity, which can be widely tuned using piezoelectric positioners. A mechanical resonator can be positioned within the cavity in the object-in-the-middle configuration by a second set of positioners. A high level of stability is achieved without sacrificing either performance or tunability, through the combination of a stiff mechanical design, passive vibration isolation, and an active Pound-Drever-Hall feedback lock incorporating a reconfigurable digital filter. The stability of the cavity length is demonstrated to be better than a few picometers over many hours both at room temperature and at 4 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Ruelle
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Jaeger
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Floris Braakman
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martino Poggio
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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29
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Gupt N, Bhattacharyya S, Das B, Datta S, Mukherjee V, Ghosh A. Floquet quantum thermal transistor. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:024110. [PMID: 36109934 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.024110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We apply periodic control to realize a quantum thermal transistor, which we term as the Floquet quantum thermal transistor. Periodic modulation allows us to control the heat flows and achieve large amplification factors even for fixed bath temperatures. Importantly, this transistor effect persists in the cutoff region, where traditional quantum thermal transistors operating in the absence of periodic modulation, fail to act as viable heat modulation devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Gupt
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Srijan Bhattacharyya
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Bikash Das
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subhadeep Datta
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Victor Mukherjee
- Department of Physical Sciences, IISER Berhampur, Berhampur 760010, India
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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30
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Kounalakis M, Bauer GEW, Blanter YM. Analog Quantum Control of Magnonic Cat States on a Chip by a Superconducting Qubit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:037205. [PMID: 35905351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.037205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We propose to directly and quantum-coherently couple a superconducting transmon qubit to magnons-the quanta of the collective spin excitations, in a nearby magnetic particle. The magnet's stray field couples to the qubit via a superconducting quantum interference device. We predict a resonant magnon-qubit exchange and a nonlinear radiation-pressure interaction that are both stronger than dissipation rates and tunable by an external flux bias. We additionally demonstrate a quantum control scheme that generates magnon-qubit entanglement and magnonic Schrödinger cat states with high fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Kounalakis
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit E W Bauer
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Yaroslav M Blanter
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
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31
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Bittencourt VASV, Liberal I, Viola Kusminskiy S. Optomagnonics in Dispersive Media: Magnon-Photon Coupling Enhancement at the Epsilon-near-Zero Frequency. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:183603. [PMID: 35594084 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.183603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reaching strong light-matter coupling in solid-state systems has long been pursued for the implementation of scalable quantum devices. Here, we put forward a system based on a magnetized epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) medium, and we show that strong coupling between magnetic excitations (magnons) and light can be achieved close to the ENZ frequency due to a drastic enhancement of the magneto-optical response. We adopt a phenomenological approach to quantize the electromagnetic field inside a dispersive magnetic medium in order to obtain the frequency-dependent coupling between magnons and photons. We predict that, in the epsilon-near-zero regime, the single-magnon single-photon coupling can be comparable to the magnon frequency for a small magnetic volume and perfect mode overlap. For state-of-the-art illustrative values, this would correspond to achieving the single-magnon strong coupling regime, where the coupling rate is larger than all the decay rates. Finally, we show that the nonlinear energy spectrum intrinsic to this coupling regime can be probed via the characteristic multiple magnon sidebands in the photon power spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I Liberal
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Viola Kusminskiy
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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32
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Patil YSS, Yu J, Frazier S, Wang Y, Johnson K, Fox J, Reichel J, Harris JGE. Measuring High-Order Phonon Correlations in an Optomechanical Resonator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:183601. [PMID: 35594119 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.183601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We use single photon detectors to probe the motional state of a superfluid ^{4}He resonator of mass ∼1 ng. The arrival times of Stokes and anti-Stokes photons (scattered by the resonator's acoustic mode) are used to measure the resonator's phonon coherences up to the fourth order. By postselecting on photon detection events, we also measure coherences in the resonator when ≤3 phonons have been added or subtracted. These measurements are found to be consistent with predictions that assume the acoustic mode to be in thermal equilibrium with a bath through a Markovian coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S S Patil
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J Yu
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Frazier
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Johnson
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J Fox
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J Reichel
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS-Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J G E Harris
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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33
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Yin TS, Jin GR, Chen A. Enhanced Phonon Antibunching in a Circuit Quantum Acoustodynamical System Containing Two Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040591. [PMID: 35457897 PMCID: PMC9027357 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to implement the phonon antibunching and phonon blockade in a circuit quantum acoustodynamical system containing two surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators coupled to a superconducting qubit. In the cases of driving only one SAW resonator and two SAW resonators, we investigate the phonon statistics by numerically calculating the second-order correlation function. It is found that, when only one SAW cavity is resonantly driven, the phonon antibunching effect can be achieved even when the qubit–phonon coupling strength is smaller than the decay rates of acoustic cavities. This result physically originates from the quantum interference between super-Poissonian statistics and Poissonian statistics of phonons. In particular, when the two SAW resonators are simultaneously driven under the mechanical resonant condition, the phonon antibunching effect can be significantly enhanced, which ultimately allows for the generation of a phonon blockade. Moreover, the obtained phonon blockade can be optimized by regulating the intensity ratio of the two SAW driving fields. In addition, we also discuss in detail the effect of system parameters on the phonon statistics. Our work provides an alternative way for manipulating and controlling the nonclassical effects of SAW phonons. It may inspire the engineering of new SAW-based phonon devices and extend their applications in quantum information processing.
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34
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Li Y, Yefremenko VG, Lisovenko M, Trevillian C, Polakovic T, Cecil TW, Barry PS, Pearson J, Divan R, Tyberkevych V, Chang CL, Welp U, Kwok WK, Novosad V. Coherent Coupling of Two Remote Magnonic Resonators Mediated by Superconducting Circuits. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:047701. [PMID: 35148146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.047701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate microwave-mediated distant magnon-magnon coupling on a superconducting circuit platform, incorporating chip-mounted single-crystal Y_{3}Fe_{5}O_{12} (YIG) spheres. Coherent level repulsion and dissipative level attraction between the magnon modes of the two YIG spheres are demonstrated. The former is mediated by cavity photons of a superconducting resonator, and the latter is mediated by propagating photons of a coplanar waveguide. Our results open new avenues toward exploring integrated hybrid magnonic networks for coherent information processing on a quantum-compatible superconducting platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | - Marharyta Lisovenko
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Cody Trevillian
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
| | - Tomas Polakovic
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Thomas W Cecil
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Peter S Barry
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - John Pearson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ralu Divan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Vasyl Tyberkevych
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
| | - Clarence L Chang
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ulrich Welp
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Valentine Novosad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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35
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Guo X, Delegan N, Karsch JC, Li Z, Liu T, Shreiner R, Butcher A, Awschalom DD, Heremans FJ, High AA. Tunable and Transferable Diamond Membranes for Integrated Quantum Technologies. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:10392-10399. [PMID: 34894697 PMCID: PMC8704172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Color centers in diamond are widely explored as qubits in quantum technologies. However, challenges remain in the effective and efficient integration of these diamond-hosted qubits in device heterostructures. Here, nanoscale-thick uniform diamond membranes are synthesized via "smart-cut" and isotopically (12C) purified overgrowth. These membranes have tunable thicknesses (demonstrated 50 to 250 nm), are deterministically transferable, have bilaterally atomically flat surfaces (Rq ≤ 0.3 nm), and bulk-diamond-like crystallinity. Color centers are synthesized via both implantation and in situ overgrowth incorporation. Within 110-nm-thick membranes, individual germanium-vacancy (GeV-) centers exhibit stable photoluminescence at 5.4 K and average optical transition line widths as low as 125 MHz. The room temperature spin coherence of individual nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers shows Ramsey spin dephasing times (T2*) and Hahn echo times (T2) as long as 150 and 400 μs, respectively. This platform enables the straightforward integration of diamond membranes that host coherent color centers into quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghan Guo
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Nazar Delegan
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jonathan C. Karsch
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Zixi Li
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Tianle Liu
- Department
of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Robert Shreiner
- Department
of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Amy Butcher
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - David D. Awschalom
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - F. Joseph Heremans
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Alexander A. High
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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36
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Heinrich AJ, Oliver WD, Vandersypen LMK, Ardavan A, Sessoli R, Loss D, Jayich AB, Fernandez-Rossier J, Laucht A, Morello A. Quantum-coherent nanoscience. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1318-1329. [PMID: 34845333 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For the past three decades nanoscience has widely affected many areas in physics, chemistry and engineering, and has led to numerous fundamental discoveries, as well as applications and products. Concurrently, quantum science and technology has developed into a cross-disciplinary research endeavour connecting these same areas and holds burgeoning commercial promise. Although quantum physics dictates the behaviour of nanoscale objects, quantum coherence, which is central to quantum information, communication and sensing, has not played an explicit role in much of nanoscience. This Review describes fundamental principles and practical applications of quantum coherence in nanoscale systems, a research area we call quantum-coherent nanoscience. We structure this Review according to specific degrees of freedom that can be quantum-coherently controlled in a given nanoscale system, such as charge, spin, mechanical motion and photons. We review the current state of the art and focus on outstanding challenges and opportunities unlocked by the merging of nanoscience and coherent quantum operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas J Heinrich
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience (QNS), Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Korea.
- Physics Department, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - William D Oliver
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Department of Physics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Lincoln Laboratory, MIT, Lexington, MA, USA
| | | | - Arzhang Ardavan
- CAESR, The Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry 'U. Schiff' & INSTM, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniel Loss
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Joaquin Fernandez-Rossier
- QuantaLab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Arne Laucht
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrea Morello
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Shen RC, Wang YP, Li J, Zhu SY, Agarwal GS, You JQ. Long-Time Memory and Ternary Logic Gate Using a Multistable Cavity Magnonic System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:183202. [PMID: 34767406 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.183202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multistability is an extraordinary nonlinear property of dynamical systems and can be explored to implement memory and switches. Here we experimentally realize the tristability in a three-mode cavity magnonic system with Kerr nonlinearity. The three stable states in the tristable region correspond to the stable solutions of the frequency shift of the cavity magnon polariton under specific driving conditions. We find that the system staying in which stable state depends on the history experienced by the system, and this state can be harnessed to store the history information. In our experiment, the memory time can reach as long as 5.11 s. Moreover, we demonstrate the ternary logic gate with good on-off characteristics using this multistable hybrid system. Our new findings pave a way towards cavity magnonics-based information storage and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chang Shen
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi-Pu Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jie Li
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shi-Yao Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - G S Agarwal
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas AM University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J Q You
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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38
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Gouzien É, Sangouard N. Factoring 2048-bit RSA Integers in 177 Days with 13 436 Qubits and a Multimode Memory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:140503. [PMID: 34652170 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.140503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the performance of a quantum computer architecture combining a small processor and a storage unit. By focusing on integer factorization, we show a reduction by several orders of magnitude of the number of processing qubits compared with a standard architecture using a planar grid of qubits with nearest-neighbor connectivity. This is achieved by taking advantage of a temporally and spatially multiplexed memory to store the qubit states between processing steps. Concretely, for a characteristic physical gate error rate of 10^{-3}, a processor cycle time of 1 microsecond, factoring a 2 048-bit RSA integer is shown to be possible in 177 days with 3D gauge color codes assuming a threshold of 0.75% with a processor made with 13 436 physical qubits and a memory that can store 28 million spatial modes and 45 temporal modes with 2 hours' storage time. By inserting additional error-correction steps, storage times of 1 second are shown to be sufficient at the cost of increasing the run-time by about 23%. Shorter run-times (and storage times) are achievable by increasing the number of qubits in the processing unit. We suggest realizing such an architecture using a microwave interface between a processor made with superconducting qubits and a multiplexed memory using the principle of photon echo in solids doped with rare-earth ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élie Gouzien
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Physique Théorique, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Sangouard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Physique Théorique, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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39
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Mukherjee V, Divakaran U. Many-body quantum thermal machines. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:454001. [PMID: 34359061 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac1b60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermodynamics of quantum systems and quantum thermal machines are rapidly developing fields, which have already delivered several promising results, as well as raised many intriguing questions. Many-body quantum machines present new opportunities stemming from many-body effects. At the same time, they pose new challenges related to many-body physics. In this short review we discuss some of the recent developments on technologies based on many-body quantum systems. We mainly focus on many-body effects in quantum thermal machines. We also briefly address the role played by many-body systems in the development of quantum batteries and quantum probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Mukherjee
- Department of Physical Sciences, IISER Berhampur, Berhampur 760010, India
| | - Uma Divakaran
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, 678557, India
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40
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Bao Z, Wang Z, Wu Y, Li Y, Ma C, Song Y, Zhang H, Duan L. On-Demand Storage and Retrieval of Microwave Photons Using a Superconducting Multiresonator Quantum Memory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:010503. [PMID: 34270274 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.010503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We realize on-demand storage and retrieval of weak coherent microwave photon pulses at the single-photon level. A superconducting multiresonator system which is composed of a set of frequency-tunable coplanar waveguide resonators is implemented as the quantum memory. By dynamically tuning the resonant frequencies of the resonators, we achieve tunable memory bandwidth from 10 to 55 MHz, with well preserved phase coherence. We further demonstrate on-demand storage and retrieval of a time-bin flying qubit. This result opens up a prospect to integrate our chip-based quantum memory with the state-of-the-art superconducting quantum circuit technology for quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Bao
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiling Wang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukai Wu
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yipu Song
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Luming Duan
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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41
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Keller J, Hou PY, McCormick KC, Cole DC, Erickson SD, Wu JJ, Wilson AC, Leibfried D. Quantum Harmonic Oscillator Spectrum Analyzers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:250507. [PMID: 34241508 PMCID: PMC10807510 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.250507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Characterization and suppression of noise are essential for the control of harmonic oscillators in the quantum regime. We measure the noise spectrum of a quantum harmonic oscillator from low frequency to near the oscillator resonance by sensing its response to amplitude modulated periodic drives with a qubit. Using the motion of a trapped ion, we experimentally demonstrate two different implementations with combined sensitivity to noise from 500 Hz to 600 kHz. We apply our method to measure the intrinsic noise spectrum of an ion trap potential in a previously unaccessed frequency range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Keller
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Pan-Yu Hou
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Katherine C McCormick
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Daniel C Cole
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Stephen D Erickson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Jenny J Wu
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Andrew C Wilson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Dietrich Leibfried
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
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Xu J, Zhong C, Han X, Jin D, Jiang L, Zhang X. Coherent Gate Operations in Hybrid Magnonics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:207202. [PMID: 34110202 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.207202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnonics-the hybridization of spin excitations and electromagnetic waves-has been recognized as a promising candidate for coherent information processing in recent years. Among its various implementations, the lack of available approaches for real-time manipulation on the system dynamics has become a common and urgent limitation. In this work, by introducing a fast and uniform modulation technique, we successfully demonstrate a series of benchmark coherent gate operations in hybrid magnonics, including semiclassical analogies of Landau-Zener transitions, Rabi oscillations, Ramsey interference, and controlled mode swap operations. Our approach lays the groundwork for dynamical manipulation of coherent signals in hybrid magnonics and can be generalized to a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Changchun Zhong
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xu Han
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Dafei Jin
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Liang Jiang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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Catalini L, Rossi M, Langman EC, Schliesser A. Modeling and Observation of Nonlinear Damping in Dissipation-Diluted Nanomechanical Resonators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:174101. [PMID: 33988425 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.174101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dissipation dilution enables extremely low linear loss in stressed, high aspect ratio nanomechanical resonators, such as strings or membranes. Here, we report on the observation and theoretical modeling of nonlinear dissipation in such structures. We introduce an analytical model based on von Kármán theory, which can be numerically evaluated using finite-element models for arbitrary geometries. We use this approach to predict nonlinear loss and (Duffing) frequency shift in ultracoherent phononic membrane resonators. A set of systematic measurements with silicon nitride membranes shows good agreement with the model for low-order soft-clamped modes. Our analysis also reveals quantitative connections between these nonlinearities and dissipation dilution. This is of interest for future device design and can provide important insight when diagnosing the performance of dissipation dilution in an experimental setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Catalini
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark and Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark and Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric C Langman
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark and Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Albert Schliesser
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark and Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Gehl M, Kindel W, Karl N, Orozco A, Musick K, Trotter D, Dallo C, Starbuck A, Leenheer A, DeRose C, Biedermann G, Jau YY, Lee J. Characterization of suspended membrane waveguides towards a photonic atom trap integrated platform. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:13129-13140. [PMID: 33985054 DOI: 10.1364/oe.418986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an optical waveguide device, capable of supporting the high, in-vacuum, optical power necessary for trapping a single atom or a cold atom ensemble with evanescent fields. Our photonic integrated platform, with suspended membrane waveguides, successfully manages optical powers of 6 mW (500 μm span) to nearly 30 mW (125 μm span) over an un-tethered waveguide span. This platform is compatible with laser cooling and magneto-optical traps (MOTs) in the vicinity of the suspended waveguide, called the membrane MOT and the needle MOT, a key ingredient for efficient trap loading. We evaluate two novel designs that explore critical thermal management features that enable this large power handling. This work represents a significant step toward an integrated platform for coupling neutral atom quantum systems to photonic and electronic integrated circuits on silicon.
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Shen Z, Zhang YL, Zou CL, Guo GC, Dong CH. Dissipatively Controlled Optomechanical Interaction via Cascaded Photon-Phonon Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:163604. [PMID: 33961448 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.163604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In an optomechanical system, we experimentally engineer the optical density of state to reduce or broaden the effective linewidth of the optical mode by introducing an ancillary mechanical mode, which has a large decay rate, i.e., stimulated backward Brillouin scattering. Based on this dissipation engineering, we could engineer the optical mode linewidth by one order of magnitude. In addition, we can either enhance or suppress the optomechanical cooling and amplification of the target mechanical oscillations. Our scheme demonstrates the cascaded photon-phonon coupling to control the mechanical interactions, and also presents a novel approach for engineering coherent light-matter interaction in hybrid systems, which consist of different types of nonlinear interactions and multiple modes, and promote the performance of quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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Lee J, Biedermann G, Mudrick J, Douglas EA, Jau YY. Demonstration of a MOT in a sub-millimeter membrane hole. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8807. [PMID: 33888789 PMCID: PMC8062532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87927-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of a cold-atom ensemble within a sub-millimeter diameter hole in a transparent membrane, a so-called “membrane MOT”. With a sub-Doppler cooling process, the atoms trapped by the membrane MOT are cooled down to 10 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\upmu$$\end{document}μK. The atom number inside the unbridged/bridged membrane hole is about \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$10^5$$\end{document}105, and the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$1/e^2$$\end{document}1/e2-diameter of the MOT cloud is about 180 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\upmu$$\end{document}μm for a 400 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\upmu$$\end{document}μm-diameter membrane hole. Such a membrane device can, in principle, efficiently load cold atoms into the evanescent-field optical trap generated by the suspended membrane waveguide for strong atom-light interaction and provide the capability of sufficient heat dissipation at the waveguide. This represents a key step toward the photonic atom trap integrated platform (ATIP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Lee
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
| | | | - John Mudrick
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | | | - Yuan-Yu Jau
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
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Liu YG, Xia K, Zhu SL. Efficient microwave-to-optical single-photon conversion with a single flying circular Rydberg atom. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:9942-9959. [PMID: 33820157 DOI: 10.1364/oe.416983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme for converting a microwave (mw) single photon in a mw cavity to a flying optical photon. The conversion is realized by using a flying circular Rydberg atom, which plays a role of the "data bus" as an excellent memory to connect the mw and optical cavities. To link the energy levels of atom in optical domain and mw domain, we use fast decircularization method and three-photon Raman transition method. Thank to these low loss processes and the super long lifetime of circular Rydberg states, this scheme can efficiently convert single mw photons into the optical domain. Based on existing experiments and data, the conversion efficiency is simulated as 60%. The theoretical limit of the conversion efficiency is about 87%.
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49
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Dong Y, Zheng X, Wang D, Ding J. Fluctuation-enhanced Kerr nonlinearity in an atom-assisted optomechanical system with atom-cavity interactions. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:5367-5383. [PMID: 33726074 DOI: 10.1364/oe.414563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We examine the effect of cavity field fluctuations on Kerr nonlinearity in an atom-assisted optomechanical system. It is found that a new self-Kerr (SK) nonlinearity term, which can greatly surpass that of a classical Λ type atomic system when the hybrid system has numerous atoms, is generated based on cavity field fluctuations by atom-cavity interactions. A strong photon-phonon cross-Kerr (CK) nonlinearity is also produced based on cavity field fluctuations. These nonlinearity features can be modified by atom-cavity and optomechanical interactions. This work may provide a new method to enhance the SK nonlinearity and generate the photon-phonon CK nonlinearity.
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50
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Zamani MR, Rahmani Z, Rezaie B. A novel model predictive control for a piecewise affine class of hybrid system with repetitive disturbance. ISA TRANSACTIONS 2021; 108:18-34. [PMID: 32863050 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2020.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation addresses an innovative method based on explicit form of the model predictive control (EMPC) for a constrained Piecewise affine (PWA) class of hybrid systems, considering repetitive disturbance. This model of hybrid systems is investigated due to the fact that PWA modeling structure can approximate nonlinear systems via various operating points, and also because the simulation of PWA models are easy. With EMPC, the problem of optimization is solved in an offline way only once. Unlike conventional EMPC, the process information of the past and the data which are predicted are applied in the proposed strategy. This is the first time that in this study, the investigators adopt an approach in which these predicted data are weighted by another optimization problem (OP) and this weighted predicted sequence along with the past information of the process as an updating control input formula. In fact, two separate OPs are solved simultaneously at each step of proposed EMPC. The first one is linked with calculating the control input from the constrained cost function of EMPC algorithm and the second one concerns finding the optimal weighting factors in order to minimize the error signal, i.e. the difference between the reference path and the output signal at each optimization step of EMPC strategy. The precision of the proposed method is extremely dependent on the accuracy of the process model, so iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm is applied to protecting the process model against the periodic disturbances. These mathematical analyses are proven and validated by simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Zamani
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, 47148-71167, Iran
| | - Z Rahmani
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, 47148-71167, Iran.
| | - B Rezaie
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, 47148-71167, Iran
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