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Li CX, Yue L. The Multifaceted Nature of Macrophages in Cardiovascular Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1317. [PMID: 38927523 PMCID: PMC11201197 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As the leading cause of mortality worldwide, cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a variety of heart diseases and vascular disorders, including atherosclerosis, aneurysm, ischemic injury in the heart and brain, arrythmias, and heart failure. Macrophages, a diverse population of immune cells that can promote or suppress inflammation, have been increasingly recognized as a key regulator in various processes in both healthy and disease states. In healthy conditions, these cells promote the proper clearance of cellular debris, dead and dying cells, and provide a strong innate immune barrier to foreign pathogens. However, macrophages can play a detrimental role in the progression of disease as well, particularly those inflammatory in nature. This review will focus on the current knowledge regarding the role of macrophages in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy X. Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiovascular Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA;
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiovascular Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA;
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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2
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Wu X, Singla S, Liu JJ, Hong L. The role of macrophage ion channels in the progression of atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1225178. [PMID: 37588590 PMCID: PMC10425548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1225178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease that affects the arteries and can lead to severe complications such as heart attack and stroke. Macrophages, a type of immune cell, play a crucial role in atherosclerosis initiation and progression. Emerging studies revealed that ion channels regulate macrophage activation, polarization, phagocytosis, and cytokine secretion. Moreover, macrophage ion channel dysfunction is implicated in macrophage-derived foam cell formation and atherogenesis. In this context, exploring the regulatory role of ion channels in macrophage function and their impacts on the progression of atherosclerosis emerges as a promising avenue for research. Studies in the field will provide insights into novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sidhant Singla
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jianhua J. Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Mukherjee P, Rahaman SG, Goswami R, Dutta B, Mahanty M, Rahaman SO. Role of mechanosensitive channels/receptors in atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C927-C938. [PMID: 35353635 PMCID: PMC9109792 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00396.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are critical physical cues that can affect numerous cellular processes regulating the development, tissue maintenance, and functionality of cells. The contribution of mechanical forces is especially crucial in the vascular system where it is required for embryogenesis and for maintenance of physiological function in vascular cells including aortic endothelial cells, resident macrophages, and smooth muscle cells. Emerging evidence has also identified a role of these mechanical cues in pathological conditions of the vascular system such as atherosclerosis and associated diseases like hypertension. Of the different mechanotransducers, mechanosensitive ion channels/receptors are gaining prominence due to their involvement in numerous physiological and pathological conditions. However, only a handful of potential mechanosensory ion channels/receptors have been shown to be involved in atherosclerosis, and their precise role in disease development and progression remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of recent studies investigating the role of mechanosensitive ion channels/receptors in atherosclerosis. We discuss the different groups of mechanosensitive proteins and their specific roles in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, macrophage foam cell formation, and lesion development, which are crucial for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Results of the studies discussed here will help in developing an understanding of the current state of mechanobiology in vascular diseases, specifically in atherosclerosis, which may be important for the development of innovative and targeted therapeutics for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Mukherjee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | | | - Rishov Goswami
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Bidisha Dutta
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Manisha Mahanty
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Shaik O Rahaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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4
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Gokula V, Terrero D, Joe B. Six Decades of History of Hypertension Research at the University of Toledo: Highlighting Pioneering Contributions in Biochemistry, Genetics, and Host-Microbiota Interactions. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022; 24:669-685. [PMID: 36301488 PMCID: PMC9708772 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The study aims to capture the history and lineage of hypertension researchers from the University of Toledo in Ohio and showcase their collective scientific contributions dating from their initial discoveries of the physiology of adrenal and renal systems and genetics regulating blood pressure (BP) to its more contemporary contributions including microbiota and metabolomic links to BP regulation. RECENT FINDINGS The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences (UTCOMLS), previously known as the Medical College of Ohio, has contributed significantly to our understanding of the etiology of hypertension. Two of the scientists, Patrick Mulrow and John Rapp from UTCOMLS, have been recognized with the highest honor, the Excellence in Hypertension award from the American Heart Association for their pioneering work on the physiology and genetics of hypertension, respectively. More recently, Bina Joe has continued their legacy in the basic sciences by uncovering previously unknown novel links between microbiota and metabolites to the etiology of hypertension, work that has been recognized by the American Heart Association with multiple awards. On the clinical research front, Christopher Cooper and colleagues lead the CORAL trials and contributed importantly to the investigations on renal artery stenosis treatment paradigms. Hypertension research at this institution has not only provided these pioneering insights, but also grown careers of scientists as leaders in academia as University Presidents and Deans of Medical Schools. Through the last decade, the university has expanded its commitment to Hypertension research as evident through the development of the Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine led by Bina Joe as its founding Director. Hypertension being the top risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which is the leading cause of human mortality, is an important area of research in multiple international universities. The UTCOMLS is one such university which, for the last 6 decades, has made significant contributions to our current understanding of hypertension. This review is a synthesis of this rich history. Additionally, it also serves as a collection of audio archives by more recent faculty who are also prominent leaders in the field of hypertension research, including John Rapp, Bina Joe, and Christopher Cooper, which are cataloged at Interviews .
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Affiliation(s)
- Veda Gokula
- grid.267337.40000 0001 2184 944XCenter for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Building, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614-2598 USA
| | - David Terrero
- grid.267337.40000 0001 2184 944XDepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH USA
| | - Bina Joe
- grid.267337.40000 0001 2184 944XCenter for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Building, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614-2598 USA
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5
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Liao L, Yang Q, Li H, Meng R, Li Y. miR-454-3p prevents ox-LDL-induced apoptosis in HAECs by targeting TRPC3. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:323. [PMID: 33732296 PMCID: PMC7905327 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial-cell (EC) apoptosis serves a vital role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence has implicated microRNA (miRNA/miR) dysregulation in EC apoptosis. Although the role of miR-454-3p in carcinogenesis has been well documented, its role and underlying mechanism in EC apoptosis remain unclear. In the present study, the results revealed that miR-454-3p expression was substantially downregulated in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) following oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) treatment. miR-454-3p suppression significantly attenuated the viability of HAECs, while miR-454-3p overexpression repressed ox-LDL-induced HAEC apoptosis. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays revealed that transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3), a key regulator of atherosclerosis development, was the direct target of miR-454-3p. Furthermore, TRPC3 overexpression abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of miR-454-3p on HAECs. These results revealed a novel role of miR-454-3p in ox-LDL-induced apoptosis in HAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Liao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Qiaolan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Hailiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Rongsen Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Yuntian Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
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Chen X, Sooch G, Demaree IS, White FA, Obukhov AG. Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) Channels: Then and Now. Cells 2020; 9:E1983. [PMID: 32872338 PMCID: PMC7565274 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, the first mammalian Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channel was cloned, opening the vast horizon of the TRPC field. Today, we know that there are seven TRPC channels (TRPC1-7). TRPCs exhibit the highest protein sequence similarity to the Drosophila melanogaster TRP channels. Similar to Drosophila TRPs, TRPCs are localized to the plasma membrane and are activated in a G-protein-coupled receptor-phospholipase C-dependent manner. TRPCs may also be stimulated in a store-operated manner, via receptor tyrosine kinases, or by lysophospholipids, hypoosmotic solutions, and mechanical stimuli. Activated TRPCs allow the influx of Ca2+ and monovalent alkali cations into the cytosol of cells, leading to cell depolarization and rising intracellular Ca2+ concentration. TRPCs are involved in the continually growing number of cell functions. Furthermore, mutations in the TRPC6 gene are associated with hereditary diseases, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The most important recent breakthrough in TRPC research was the solving of cryo-EM structures of TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, and TRPC6. These structural data shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying TRPCs' functional properties and propelled the development of new modulators of the channels. This review provides a historical overview of the major advances in the TRPC field focusing on the role of gene knockouts and pharmacological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Chen
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
| | - Gagandeep Sooch
- The Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (G.S.); (I.S.D.)
| | - Isaac S. Demaree
- The Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (G.S.); (I.S.D.)
| | - Fletcher A. White
- The Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Alexander G. Obukhov
- The Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (G.S.); (I.S.D.)
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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TRPC and TRPV Channels' Role in Vascular Remodeling and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176125. [PMID: 32854408 PMCID: PMC7503586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potentials (TRPs) are non-selective cation channels that are widely expressed in vascular beds. They contribute to the Ca2+ influx evoked by a wide spectrum of chemical and physical stimuli, both in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Within the superfamily of TRP channels, different isoforms of TRPC (canonical) and TRPV (vanilloid) have emerged as important regulators of vascular tone and blood flow pressure. Additionally, several lines of evidence derived from animal models, and even from human subjects, highlighted the role of TRPC and TRPV in vascular remodeling and disease. Dysregulation in the function and/or expression of TRPC and TRPV isoforms likely regulates vascular smooth muscle cells switching from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. This process contributes to the development and progression of vascular disorders, such as systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and restenosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the implication of TRPC and TRPV in the physiological and pathological processes of some frequent vascular diseases.
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Thakore P, Earley S. Transient Receptor Potential Channels and Endothelial Cell Calcium Signaling. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1249-1277. [PMID: 31187891 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a broadly distributed and highly specialized organ. The endothelium has a number of functions including the control of blood vessels diameter through the production and release of potent vasoactive substances or direct electrical communication with underlying smooth muscle cells, regulates the permeability of the vascular barrier, stimulates the formation of new blood vessels, and influences inflammatory and thrombotic processes. Endothelial cells that make up the endothelium express a variety of cell-surface receptors and ion channels on the plasma membrane that are capable of detecting circulating hormones, neurotransmitters, oxygen tension, and shear stress across the vascular wall. Changes in these stimuli activate signaling cascades that initiate an appropriate physiological response. Increases in the global intracellular Ca2+ concentration and localized Ca2+ signals that occur within specialized subcellular microdomains are fundamentally important components of many signaling pathways in the endothelium. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of cation-permeable ion channels that act as a primary means of increasing cytosolic Ca2+ in endothelial cells. Consequently, TRP channels are vitally important for the major functions of the endothelium. In this review, we provide an in-depth discussion of Ca2+ -permeable TRP channels in the endothelium and their role in vascular regulation. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1249-1277, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratish Thakore
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
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9
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Mitochondrial TRPC3 promotes cell proliferation by regulating the mitochondrial calcium and metabolism in renal polycystin-2 knockdown cells. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:1059-1070. [PMID: 31012036 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies indicate that autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cells exhibited dysregulated calcium homeostasis and enhanced cell proliferation. TRPC3 has been shown to function in the modulation of calcium and sodium entry, but whether TRPC3 plays a role in cellular abnormalities of ADPKD cells has not been defined. METHODS Human conditionally immortalized proximal tubular epithelial cells and mouse IMCD3 cells were used with polycystin-2 (PC2, TRPP2) knockdown. Cell proliferation assay was used to detect the cell proliferations upon different treatments. QRT-PCR and western blotting were used to measure the expression profiles of TRPP2 and other proteins. High-resolution respirometry, enzymic activities and ROS levels were detected to reflect the mitochondrial functions. Calcium and sodium uptakes were measured using Fura2-AM and SBFI dyes. RESULTS We showed that PC2 knockdown promoted cell proliferation, ROS productions and ERK phosphorylation, compared with negative control. Meanwhile, we demonstrated that receptor-operated calcium entry (ROCE) exhibited less reductions compared with store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) upon PC2 knockdown. Inhibition of ROCE and SOCE by specific inhibitors partially reversed the enhanced cell proliferation, ROS productions and ERK phosphorylation induced by PC2 knockdown. Moreover, TRPC3 upregulation was observed upon PC2 knockdown, which acted as both SOC and ROC, promoting cation entry, cell proliferation and ERK phosphorylation. Furthermore, we showed that mitochondrial located TRPC3 was upregulated and modulating mitochondrial calcium uptake, thus promoting the ROS productions in the presence of PC2 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that TRPC3 upregulation upon PC2 knockdown aggravated the mitochondrial abnormalities and cell proliferation by modulating mitochondrial calcium uptake. Targeting TRPC3 might be a promising target for ADPKD treatment.
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Chauhan A, Sun Y, Sukumaran P, Quenum Zangbede FO, Jondle CN, Sharma A, Evans DL, Chauhan P, Szlabick RE, Aaland MO, Birnbaumer L, Sharma J, Singh BB, Mishra BB. M1 Macrophage Polarization Is Dependent on TRPC1-Mediated Calcium Entry. iScience 2018; 8:85-102. [PMID: 30293012 PMCID: PMC6174824 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage plasticity is essential for innate immunity, but in-depth signaling mechanism(s) regulating their functional phenotypes are ill-defined. Here we report that interferon (IFN) γ priming of naive macrophages induces store-mediated Ca2+ entry and inhibition of Ca2+ entry impairs polarization to M1 inflammatory phenotype. In vitro and in vivo functional analyses revealed ORAI1 to be a primary contributor to basal Ca2+ influx in macrophages, whereas IFNγ-induced Ca2+ influx was mediated by TRPC1. Deficiency of TRPC1 displayed abrogated IFNγ-induced M1 inflammatory mediators in macrophages. In a preclinical model of peritonitis by Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, macrophages showed increased Ca2+ influx, which was TRPC1 dependent. Macrophages from infected TRPC1−/− mice showed inhibited expression of M1-associated signature molecules. Furthermore, in human patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, the level of TRPC1 expression in circulating macrophages directly correlated with M1 inflammatory mediators. Overall, TRPC1-mediated Ca2+ influx is essential for the induction/shaping of macrophage polarization to M1 inflammatory phenotype. TRPC1 mediates sterile or infection-induced Ca2+ influx and M1 phenotype in macrophages ORAI1 mediates the basal Ca2+ influx in macrophages In patients with SIRS, the TRPC1 level correlates with M1 inflammatory mediators in macrophages
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Pramod Sukumaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Fredice O Quenum Zangbede
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Christopher N Jondle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Atul Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Dustin L Evans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Randolph E Szlabick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Mary O Aaland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, NIHES, NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; School of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Argentina, Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1300, Edificio San Jose Piso 3, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
| | - Jyotika Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Bibhuti B Mishra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
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Lichtenegger M, Tiapko O, Svobodova B, Stockner T, Glasnov TN, Schreibmayer W, Platzer D, de la Cruz GG, Krenn S, Schober R, Shrestha N, Schindl R, Romanin C, Groschner K. An optically controlled probe identifies lipid-gating fenestrations within the TRPC3 channel. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 14:396-404. [PMID: 29556099 PMCID: PMC5903546 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels TRPC3, TRPC6 and TRPC7 are able to sense the lipid messenger diacylglycerol (DAG). The DAG-sensing and lipid-gating processes in these ion channels are still unknown. To gain insights into the lipid-sensing principle, we generated a DAG photoswitch, OptoDArG, that enabled efficient control of TRPC3 by light. A structure-guided mutagenesis screen of the TRPC3 pore domain unveiled a single glycine residue behind the selectivity filter (G652) that is exposed to lipid through a subunit-joining fenestration. Exchange of G652 with larger residues altered the ability of TRPC3 to discriminate between different DAG molecules. Light-controlled activation-deactivation cycling of TRPC3 channels by an OptoDArG-mediated optical 'lipid clamp' identified pore domain fenestrations as pivotal elements of the channel´s lipid-sensing machinery. We provide evidence for a novel concept of lipid sensing by TRPC channels based on a lateral fenestration in the pore domain that accommodates lipid mediators to control gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Lichtenegger
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Oleksandra Tiapko
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbora Svobodova
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Stockner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang Schreibmayer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dieter Platzer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Sarah Krenn
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Romana Schober
- Institute of Biophysics, University of Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Niroj Shrestha
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Klaus Groschner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,
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12
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Russo L, Muturi HT, Ghadieh HE, Wisniewski AM, Morgan EE, Quadri SS, Landesberg GP, Siragy HM, Vazquez G, Scalia R, Gupta R, Najjar SM. Liver-specific rescuing of CEACAM1 reverses endothelial and cardiovascular abnormalities in male mice with null deletion of Ceacam1 gene. Mol Metab 2018; 9:98-113. [PMID: 29396368 PMCID: PMC5870095 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mice with global null mutation of Ceacam1 (Cc1−/−), display impairment of insulin clearance that causes hyperinsulinemia followed by insulin resistance, elevated hepatic de novo lipogenesis, and visceral obesity. In addition, they manifest abnormal vascular permeability and elevated blood pressure. Liver-specific rescuing of Ceacam1 reversed all of the metabolic abnormalities in Cc1−/−liver+ mice. The current study examined whether Cc1−/− male mice develop endothelial and cardiac dysfunction and whether this relates to the metabolic abnormalities caused by defective insulin extraction. Methods and results Myography studies showed reduction of agonist-stimulated nitric oxide production in resistance arterioles in Cc1−/−, but not Cc1−/−liver+ mice. Liver-based rescuing of CEACAM1 also attenuated the abnormal endothelial adhesiveness to circulating leukocytes in parallel to reducing plasma endothelin-1 and recovering plasma nitric oxide levels. Echocardiography studies revealed increased septal wall thickness, cardiac hypertrophy and reduced cardiac performance in Cc1−/−, but not Cc1−/−xliver+ mice. Insulin signaling experiments indicated compromised IRS1/Akt/eNOS pathway leading to lower nitric oxide level, and activated Shc/MAPK pathway leading to more endothelin-1 production in the aortae and hearts of Cc1−/−, but not Cc1−/−xliver+ mice. The increase in the ratio of endothelin-1 receptor A/B indicated an imbalance in the vasomotor activity of Cc1−/− mice, which was normalized in Cc1−/−xliver+ mice. Conclusions The data underscore a critical role for impaired CEACAM1-dependent hepatic insulin clearance pathways and resulting hyperinsulinemia and lipid accumulation in aortae and heart in regulating the cardiovascular function. Mice with global deletion of Ceacam1 gene (Cc1−/−) manifest endothelial dysfunction which is reversed by liver-specific rescuing of CEACAM1. Restoring CEACAM1 expression in the liver reversed cardiac hypertrophy and rescued cardiac performance. Hyperinsulinemia emerging from impaired insulin clearance regulates endothelial and cardiovascular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Russo
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Harrison T Muturi
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Hilda E Ghadieh
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Alexander M Wisniewski
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Eric E Morgan
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Syed S Quadri
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Gavin P Landesberg
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Helmy M Siragy
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Sonia M Najjar
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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13
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Moccia F, Lucariello A, Guerra G. TRPC3-mediated Ca 2+ signals as a promising strategy to boost therapeutic angiogenesis in failing hearts: The role of autologous endothelial colony forming cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3901-3917. [PMID: 28816358 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a sub-population of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells that are released in circulation to restore damaged endothelium during its physiological turnover or rescue blood perfusion after an ischemic insult. Additionally, they may be mobilized from perivascular niches located within larger arteries' wall in response to hypoxic conditions. For this reason, EPCs have been regarded as an effective tool to promote revascularization and functional recovery of ischemic hearts, but clinical application failed to exploit the full potential of patients-derived cells. Indeed, the frequency and biological activity of EPCs are compromised in aging individuals or in subjects suffering from severe cardiovascular risk factors. Rejuvenating the reparative phenotype of autologous EPCs through a gene transfer approach has, therefore, been put forward as an alternative approach to enhance their therapeutic potential in cardiovascular patients. An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration constitutes a pivotal signal for the activation of the so-called endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), the only known truly endothelial EPC subset. Studies from our group showed that the Ca2+ toolkit differs between peripheral blood- and umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived ECFCs. In the present article, we first discuss how VEGF uses repetitive Ca2+ spikes to regulate angiogenesis in ECFCs and outline how VEGF-induced intracellular Ca2+ oscillations differ between the two ECFC subtypes. We then hypothesize about the possibility to rejuvenate the biological activity of autologous ECFCs by transfecting the cell with the Ca2+ -permeable channel Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3, which selectively drives the Ca2+ response to VEGF in UCB-derived ECFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Universy of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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14
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Abstract
TRPC channels play important roles in neuronal death/survival in ischemic stroke, vasospasm in hemorrhagic stroke, thrombin-induced astrocyte pathological changes, and also in the initiation of stroke by affecting blood pressure and atherogenesis. TRPCs' unique channel characters and downstream pathways make them possible new targets for stroke therapy. TRPC proteins have different functions in different cell types. Considering TRPCs' extensive distribution in various tissues and cell types, drugs targeting them could induce more complicated effects. More specific agonists/antagonists and antibodies are required for future study of TRPCs as potential targets for stroke therapy.
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15
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Xiao X, Liu HX, Shen K, Cao W, Li XQ. Canonical Transient Receptor Potential Channels and Their Link with Cardio/Cerebro-Vascular Diseases. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:471-481. [PMID: 28274093 PMCID: PMC5590790 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) constitute a series of nonselective cation channels with variable degrees of Ca2+ selectivity. TRPCs consist of seven mammalian members, TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPC6, and TRPC7, which are further divided into four subtypes, TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC4/5, and TRPC3/6/7. These channels take charge of various essential cell functions such as contraction, relaxation, proliferation, and dysfunction. This review, organized into seven main sections, will provide an overview of current knowledge about the underlying pathogenesis of TRPCs in cardio/cerebrovascular diseases, including hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia, and cerebrovascular ischemia reperfusion injury. Collectively, TRPCs could become a group of drug targets with important physiological functions for the therapy of human cardio/cerebro-vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hui-Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.,Cadet Brigade, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Kuo Shen
- Cadet Brigade, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Natural Medicine & Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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16
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Coupling between the TRPC3 ion channel and the NCX1 transporter contributed to VEGF-induced ERK1/2 activation and angiogenesis in human primary endothelial cells. Cell Signal 2017; 37:12-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Wang B, Xiong S, Lin S, Xia W, Li Q, Zhao Z, Wei X, Lu Z, Wei X, Gao P, Liu D, Zhu Z. Enhanced Mitochondrial Transient Receptor Potential Channel, Canonical Type 3-Mediated Calcium Handling in the Vasculature From Hypertensive Rats. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e005812. [PMID: 28711865 PMCID: PMC5586301 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis is fundamental to the regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and adenosine triphosphate production. Recently, transient receptor potential channel, canonical type 3 (TRPC3), has been shown to localize to the mitochondria and to play a role in maintaining mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. Inhibition of TRPC3 attenuates vascular calcium influx in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). However, it remains elusive whether mitochondrial TRPC3 participates in hypertension by increasing mitochondrial calcium handling and ROS production. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study we demonstrated increased TRPC3 expression in purified mitochondria in the vasculature from SHRs, which facilitates enhanced mitochondrial calcium uptake and ROS generation compared with Wistar-Kyoto rats. Furthermore, inhibition of TRPC3 by its specific inhibitor, Pyr3, significantly decreased the vascular mitochondrial ROS production and H2O2 synthesis and increased adenosine triphosphate content. Administration of telmisartan can improve these abnormalities. This beneficial effect was associated with improvement of the mitochondrial respiratory function through recovering the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase in the vasculature of SHRs. In vivo, chronic administration of telmisartan suppressed TRPC3-mediated excessive mitochondrial ROS generation and vasoconstriction in the vasculature of SHRs. More importantly, TRPC3 knockout mice exhibited significantly ameliorated hypertension through reduction of angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial ROS generation. CONCLUSIONS Together, we give experimental evidence for a potential mechanism by which enhanced TRPC3 activity at the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial levels contributes to redox signaling and calcium dysregulation in the vasculature from SHRs. Angiotensin II or telmisartan can regulate [Ca2+]mito, ROS production, and mitochondrial energy metabolism through targeting TRPC3.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Benzoates/pharmacology
- Blood Pressure
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Energy Metabolism
- Hypertension/drug therapy
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- TRPC Cation Channels/genetics
- TRPC Cation Channels/metabolism
- Telmisartan
- Time Factors
- Up-Regulation
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiqiang Xiong
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaoyang Lin
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Weijie Xia
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongshi Lu
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoyan Liu
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China
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18
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Transient receptor potential canonical type 3 channels: Interactions, role and relevance - A vascular focus. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 174:79-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Mizoguchi Y, Monji A. TRPC Channels and Brain Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 976:111-121. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1088-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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20
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Reduced Necrosis and Content of Apoptotic M1 Macrophages in Advanced Atherosclerotic Plaques of Mice With Macrophage-Specific Loss of Trpc3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42526. [PMID: 28186192 PMCID: PMC5301208 DOI: 10.1038/srep42526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous work we reported that ApoeKO mice transplanted with bone marrow cells deficient in the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel have reduced necrosis and number of apoptotic macrophages in advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Also, in vitro studies with polarized macrophages derived from mice with macrophage-specific loss of TRPC3 showed that M1, but not M2 macrophages, deficient in Trpc3 are less susceptible to ER stress-induced apoptosis than Trpc3 expressing cells. The questions remained (a) whether the plaque phenotype in transplanted mice resulted from a genuine effect of Trpc3 on macrophages, and (b) whether the reduced necrosis and macrophage apoptosis in plaques of these mice was a manifestation of the selective effect of TRPC3 on apoptosis of M1 macrophages previously observed in vitro. Here, we addressed these questions using Ldlr knockout (Ldlr−/−) mice with macrophage-specific loss of Trpc3 (MacTrpc3−/−/Ldlr−/− → Ldlr−/−). Compared to controls, we observed decreased plaque necrosis and number of apoptotic macrophages in MacTrpc3−/−/Ldlr−/− → Ldlr−/− mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a reduction in apoptotic M1, but not apoptotic M2 macrophages. These findings confirm an effect of TRPC3 on plaque necrosis and support the notion that this is likely a reflection of the reduced susceptibility of Trpc3-deficient M1 macrophages to apoptosis.
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21
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Smedlund K, Dube P, Vazquez G. Early steatohepatitis in hyperlipidemic mice with endothelial-specific gain of TRPC3 function precedes changes in aortic atherosclerosis. Physiol Genomics 2016; 48:644-9. [PMID: 27449657 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00067.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its more advanced form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the most common chronic liver diseases in developed countries. Moreover, NAFLD and NASH are considerable risk factors for atherosclerosis, the most frequent vascular pathology in these and other metabolic diseases. Despite this strong connection, current knowledge of the relationship between NAFLD/NASH and atherosclerosis is scarce. Recently, we studied hyperlipidemic Apoe knockout mice with endothelial-specific gain of transient receptor potential canonical 3 channel function (TgESTRPC3/ApoeKO) and found that these animals had increased burden of advanced aortic atherosclerosis (16 wk on high-fat diet) compared with nontransgenic ApoeKO littermate controls (non-Tg/ApoeKO), whereas early lesions (10 wk on high-fat diet) were not different. Here, we report that at the early stage when differences in aortic atherosclerosis are not yet manifest, the livers of TgESTRPC3/ApoeKO mice show steatosis, fibrosis, and altered hepatic enzymes compared with non-Tg/ApoeKO animals. Because differences in liver pathology were noticeable long before differences in atherosclerosis were evident, our studies suggest that TRPC3-related endothelial mechanisms that promote steatohepatitis may also contribute to atherosclerosis progression. In vitro, downregulation of TRPC3 in liver sinusoid endothelial cells reduces their susceptibility to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis, suggesting that a proapoptotic effect of TRPC3 may add to other fibrogenic factors in vivo. These novel findings show a positive association between augmented expression of an endothelial TRPC channel, development of early steatohepatitis, and atherosclerotic burden in a hyperlipidemic mouse model of NAFLD fed conventional Western-type diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Smedlund
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Prabhatachandra Dube
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
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Pleiotropic Effect of a High Resolution Mapped Blood Pressure QTL on Tumorigenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153519. [PMID: 27073989 PMCID: PMC4830557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is focused on a translationally significant, genome-wide-association-study (GWAS) locus for cardiovascular disease (QT-interval) on human chromosome 17. We have previously validated and high resolution mapped the homologous genomic segment of this human locus to <42.5 kb on rat chromosome 10. This <42.5 kb segment in rats regulates both QT-interval and blood pressure and contains a single protein-coding gene, rififylin (Rffl). The expression of Rffl in the hearts and kidneys is differential between Dahl S and S.LEW congenic rats, which are the strains used for mapping this locus. Our previous study points to altered rate of endocytic recycling as the underlying mechanism, through which Rffl operates to control both QT-interval and blood pressure. Interestingly, Rffl also contributes to tumorigenesis by repressing caspases and tumor suppressor genes. Moreover, the expression of Methyl-CpG Binding Domain Protein 2 (Mbd2) in the hearts and kidneys is also higher in the S.LEW congenic strain than the background (control) Dahl S strain. Mbd2 can repress methylated tumor suppressor genes. These data suggest that the S.LEW congenic strain could be more susceptible to tumorigenesis. To test this hypothesis, the S and S.LEW strains were compared for susceptibility to azoxymethane-induced colon tumors. The number of colon tumors was significantly higher in the S.LEW congenic strain compared with the S rat. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed that the chemical carcinogenesis pathway was significantly up-regulated in the congenic strain. These studies provide evidence for a GWAS-validated genomic segment on rat chromosome 10 as being important for the regulation of cardiovascular function and tumorigenesis.
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Vazquez G, Solanki S, Dube P, Smedlund K, Ampem P. On the Roles of the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) Channel in Endothelium and Macrophages: Implications in Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:185-99. [PMID: 27161230 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel has a well-recognized role in a number of signaling mechanisms that impact the function of diverse cells and tissues in physiology and disease. The latter includes, but is not limited to, molecular and cellular mechanisms associated to the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Despite several of these functions being closely related to atherorelevant mechanisms, the potential roles of TRPC3 in atherosclerosis, the major cause of coronary artery disease, have remained largely unexplored. Over recent years, a series of studies from the authors' laboratory revealed novel functions of TRPC3 in mechanisms related to endothelial inflammation, monocyte adhesion to endothelium and survival and apoptosis of macrophages. The relevance of these new TRPC3 functions to atherogenesis has recently began to receive validation through studies in mouse models of atherosclerosis with conditional gain or loss of TRPC3 function. This chapter summarizes these novel findings and provides a discussion of their impact in the context of atherosclerosis, in an attempt to delineate a framework for further exploration of this terra incognita in the TRPC field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| | - Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Prabhatachandra Dube
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Kathryn Smedlund
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Prince Ampem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
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24
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"TRP inflammation" relationship in cardiovascular system. Semin Immunopathol 2015; 38:339-56. [PMID: 26482920 PMCID: PMC4851701 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-015-0536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable advances in the research and treatment, the precise relationship between inflammation and cardiovascular (CV) disease remains incompletely understood. Therefore, understanding the immunoinflammatory processes underlying the initiation, progression, and exacerbation of many cardiovascular diseases is of prime importance. The innate immune system has an ancient origin and is well conserved across species. Its activation occurs in response to pathogens or tissue injury. Recent studies suggest that altered ionic balance, and production of noxious gaseous mediators link to immune and inflammatory responses with altered ion channel expression and function. Among plausible candidates for this are transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that function as polymodal sensors and scaffolding proteins involved in many physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we will first focus on the relevance of TRP channel to both exogenous and endogenous factors related to innate immune response and transcription factors related to sustained inflammatory status. The emerging role of inflammasome to regulate innate immunity and its possible connection to TRP channels will also be discussed. Secondly, we will discuss about the linkage of TRP channels to inflammatory CV diseases, from a viewpoint of inflammation in a general sense which is not restricted to the innate immunity. These knowledge may serve to provide new insights into the pathogenesis of various inflammatory CV diseases and their novel therapeutic strategies.
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25
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Ampem PT, Smedlund K, Vazquez G. Pharmacological evidence for a role of the transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis of human coronary artery endothelial cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26215710 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Unresolved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, with the subsequent persistent activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is a well-recognized mechanism of endothelial cell apoptosis with a major impact on the integrity of the endothelium during the course of cardiovascular diseases. As in other cell types, Ca(2+) influx into endothelial cells can promote ER stress and/or contribute to mechanisms associated with it. In previous work we showed that in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) the Ca(2+)-permeable non-selective cation channel Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) mediates constitutive Ca(2+) influx which is critical for operation of inflammatory signaling in these cells, through a mechanism that entails coupling of TRPC3 constitutive function to activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII). TRPC3 has been linked to UPR signaling and apoptosis in cells other than endothelial, and CAMKII is a mediator of ER stress-induced apoptosis in various cell types, including endothelial cells. In the present work we used a pharmacological approach to examine whether in HCAECs TRPC3 and CAMKII also contribute to mechanisms of ER stress-induced apoptosis. The findings show for the first time that in HCAECs activation of the UPR and the subsequent ER stress-induced apoptosis exhibit a strong requirement for constitutive Ca(2+) influx and that TRPC3 contributes to this process. In addition, we obtained evidence indicating that, similar to its roles in non-endothelial cells, CAMKII participates in ER stress-induced apoptosis in HCAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince T Ampem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Kathryn Smedlund
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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