1
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Chee SW, Lunkenbein T, Schlögl R, Roldán Cuenya B. Operando Electron Microscopy of Catalysts: The Missing Cornerstone in Heterogeneous Catalysis Research? Chem Rev 2023; 123:13374-13418. [PMID: 37967448 PMCID: PMC10722467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis in thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase chemical conversion plays an important role in our modern energy landscape. However, many of the structural features that drive efficient chemical energy conversion are still unknown. These features are, in general, highly distinct on the local scale and lack translational symmetry, and thus, they are difficult to capture without the required spatial and temporal resolution. Correlating these structures to their function will, conversely, allow us to disentangle irrelevant and relevant features, explore the entanglement of different local structures, and provide us with the necessary understanding to tailor novel catalyst systems with improved productivity. This critical review provides a summary of the still immature field of operando electron microscopy for thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase reactions. It focuses on the complexity of investigating catalytic reactions and catalysts, progress in the field, and analysis. The forthcoming advances are discussed in view of correlative techniques, artificial intelligence in analysis, and novel reactor designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- See Wee Chee
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldán Cuenya
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Wang Z, Xu J, Cai X, Gan Z, Ji C, Lei C, Liu S. Electromagnetic-Thermal Coupling Study for RF Compression Cavity Applied to Ultrafast Electron Diffraction. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7455. [PMID: 37687911 PMCID: PMC10490589 DOI: 10.3390/s23177455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is a powerful tool for observing the evolution of transient structures at the atomic level. However, temporal resolution is a huge challenge for UEDs, mainly depending on the pulse duration. Unfortunately, the Coulomb force between electrons causes the pulse duration to increase continually when propagating, reducing the temporal resolution. In this paper, we theoretically design a radio frequency (RF) compression cavity using the finite-element method of electromagnetic-thermal coupling to overcome this limitation and obtain a high-brightness, short-pulse-duration, and stable electron beam. In addition, the cavity's size parameters are optimized, and a water-cooling system is designed to ensure stable operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the electromagnetic-thermal coupling method has been used to study the RF cavity applied to UED. The results show that the RF cavity operates in TM010 mode with a resonant frequency of 2970 MHz and generates a resonant electric field. This mode of operation generates an electric field that varies periodically and transiently, compressing the electronic pulse duration. The electromagnetic-thermal coupling method proposed in this study effectively improves the temporal resolution of UED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (X.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;
| | - Xintian Cai
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (X.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Zhiyin Gan
- School of Mechanical Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Caoyue Ji
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (X.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Cheng Lei
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (X.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Sheng Liu
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (X.C.); (C.J.)
- School of Power & Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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3
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Gross N, Kuhs CT, Ostovar B, Chiang WY, Wilson KS, Volek TS, Faitz ZM, Carlin CC, Dionne JA, Zanni MT, Gruebele M, Roberts ST, Link S, Landes CF. Progress and Prospects in Optical Ultrafast Microscopy in the Visible Spectral Region: Transient Absorption and Two-Dimensional Microscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:14557-14586. [PMID: 37554548 PMCID: PMC10406104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast optical microscopy, generally employed by incorporating ultrafast laser pulses into microscopes, can provide spatially resolved mechanistic insight into scientific problems ranging from hot carrier dynamics to biological imaging. This Review discusses the progress in different ultrafast microscopy techniques, with a focus on transient absorption and two-dimensional microscopy. We review the underlying principles of these techniques and discuss their respective advantages and applicability to different scientific questions. We also examine in detail how instrument parameters such as sensitivity, laser power, and temporal and spatial resolution must be addressed. Finally, we comment on future developments and emerging opportunities in the field of ultrafast microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Gross
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christopher T. Kuhs
- Army
Research Laboratory-South, U.S. Army DEVCOM, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Behnaz Ostovar
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Wei-Yi Chiang
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kelly S. Wilson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Tanner S. Volek
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zachary M. Faitz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Claire C. Carlin
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Dionne
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Martin T. Zanni
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Martin Gruebele
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Center
for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sean T. Roberts
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Stephan Link
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christy F. Landes
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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4
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Photocatalytic Reactions on the Single-Site Heterogeneous Catalysts. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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5
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Zeng J, Li Z, Jiang H, Wang X. Progress on photocatalytic semiconductor hybrids for bacterial inactivation. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2964-3008. [PMID: 34609391 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00773d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to its use of green and renewable energy and negligible bacterial resistance, photocatalytic bacterial inactivation is to be considered a promising sterilization process. Herein, we explore the relevant mechanisms of the photoinduced process on the active sites of semiconductors with an emphasis on the active sites of semiconductors, the photoexcited electron transfer, ROS-induced toxicity and interactions between semiconductors and bacteria. Pristine semiconductors such as metal oxides (TiO2 and ZnO) have been widely reported; however, they suffer some drawbacks such as narrow optical response and high photogenerated carrier recombination. Herein, some typical modification strategies will be discussed including noble metal doping, ion doping, hybrid heterojunctions and dye sensitization. Besides, the biosafety and biocompatibility issues of semiconductor materials are also considered for the evaluation of their potential for further biomedical applications. Furthermore, 2D materials have become promising candidates in recent years due to their wide optical response to NIR light, superior antibacterial activity and favorable biocompatibility. Besides, the current research limitations and challenges are illustrated to introduce the appealing directions and design considerations for the future development of photocatalytic semiconductors for antibacterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Ziming Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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6
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Liu L, Sun Y, Liu Y, He G, Liu Y. Facile fabrication of titanosilicate zeolites with an unprecedented wide range of Si/Ti ratios by employing transition metal dichalcogenides as metal precursors. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01572h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein JDF-L1 titanosilicate zeolites with ultra-low Si/Ti ratios in the framework were facilely prepared via hydrothermal treatment of layered TiS2 precursors along with effective suppression of an undesired TiO2 impurity phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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7
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Kondrat SA, van Bokhoven JA. A Perspective on Counting Catalytic Active Sites and Rates of Reaction Using X-Ray Spectroscopy. Top Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-1057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Thomas JM. Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world: a summary and recommendations for urgent future action. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0068. [PMID: 29175987 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to summarizing the main thrusts of each paper presented at this Discussion, other urgent issues involving the role (and characterization) of new catalysts for eliminating oxides of nitrogen, for using CO2 liberated from steel mills, for fuel cells and the need for rapid decarbonization of fossil fuels are outlined.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world'.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Meurig Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
- University Chemical Laboratories, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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9
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10
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Ultrafast Transmission Electron Microscopy: Historical Development, Instrumentation, and Applications. ADVANCES IN IMAGING AND ELECTRON PHYSICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aiep.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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11
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Wörner HJ, Arrell CA, Banerji N, Cannizzo A, Chergui M, Das AK, Hamm P, Keller U, Kraus PM, Liberatore E, Lopez-Tarifa P, Lucchini M, Meuwly M, Milne C, Moser JE, Rothlisberger U, Smolentsev G, Teuscher J, van Bokhoven JA, Wenger O. Charge migration and charge transfer in molecular systems. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2017; 4:061508. [PMID: 29333473 PMCID: PMC5745195 DOI: 10.1063/1.4996505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of charge at the molecular level plays a fundamental role in many areas of chemistry, physics, biology and materials science. Today, more than 60 years after the seminal work of R. A. Marcus, charge transfer is still a very active field of research. An important recent impetus comes from the ability to resolve ever faster temporal events, down to the attosecond time scale. Such a high temporal resolution now offers the possibility to unravel the most elementary quantum dynamics of both electrons and nuclei that participate in the complex process of charge transfer. This review covers recent research that addresses the following questions. Can we reconstruct the migration of charge across a molecule on the atomic length and electronic time scales? Can we use strong laser fields to control charge migration? Can we temporally resolve and understand intramolecular charge transfer in dissociative ionization of small molecules, in transition-metal complexes and in conjugated polymers? Can we tailor molecular systems towards specific charge-transfer processes? What are the time scales of the elementary steps of charge transfer in liquids and nanoparticles? Important new insights into each of these topics, obtained from state-of-the-art ultrafast spectroscopy and/or theoretical methods, are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher A Arrell
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalie Banerji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Cannizzo
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Akshaya K Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Keller
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisa Liberatore
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Lopez-Tarifa
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Markus Meuwly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chris Milne
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jacques-E Moser
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Joël Teuscher
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Oliver Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Alarcos N, Cohen B, Ziółek M, Douhal A. Photochemistry and Photophysics in Silica-Based Materials: Ultrafast and Single Molecule Spectroscopy Observation. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13639-13720. [PMID: 29068670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Silica-based materials (SBMs) are widely used in catalysis, photonics, and drug delivery. Their pores and cavities act as hosts of diverse guests ranging from classical dyes to drugs and quantum dots, allowing changes in the photochemical behavior of the confined guests. The heterogeneity of the guest populations as well as the confinement provided by these hosts affect the behavior of the formed hybrid materials. As a consequence, the observed reaction dynamics becomes significantly different and complex. Studying their photobehavior requires advanced laser-based spectroscopy and microscopy techniques as well as computational methods. Thanks to the development of ultrafast (spectroscopy and imaging) tools, we are witnessing an increasing interest of the scientific community to explore the intimate photobehavior of these composites. Here, we review the recent theoretical and ultrafast experimental studies of their photodynamics and discuss the results in comparison to those in homogeneous media. The discussion of the confined dynamics includes solvation and intra- and intermolecular proton-, electron-, and energy transfer events of the guest within the SBMs. Several examples of applications in photocatalysis, (photo)sensors, photonics, photovoltaics, and drug delivery demonstrate the vast potential of the SBMs in modern science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Alarcos
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III, S.N., 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Boiko Cohen
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III, S.N., 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marcin Ziółek
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Abderrazzak Douhal
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III, S.N., 45071 Toledo, Spain
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13
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Ji S, Piazza L, Cao G, Park ST, Reed BW, Masiel DJ, Weissenrieder J. Influence of cathode geometry on electron dynamics in an ultrafast electron microscope. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2017; 4:054303. [PMID: 28781982 PMCID: PMC5515673 DOI: 10.1063/1.4994004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to understand matter at ever-increasing spatial and temporal resolutions have led to the development of instruments such as the ultrafast transmission electron microscope (UEM) that can capture transient processes with combined nanometer and picosecond resolutions. However, analysis by UEM is often associated with extended acquisition times, mainly due to the limitations of the electron gun. Improvements are hampered by tradeoffs in realizing combinations of the conflicting objectives for source size, emittance, and energy and temporal dispersion. Fundamentally, the performance of the gun is a function of the cathode material, the gun and cathode geometry, and the local fields. Especially shank emission from a truncated tip cathode results in severe broadening effects and therefore such electrons must be filtered by applying a Wehnelt bias. Here we study the influence of the cathode geometry and the Wehnelt bias on the performance of a photoelectron gun in a thermionic configuration. We combine experimental analysis with finite element simulations tracing the paths of individual photoelectrons in the relevant 3D geometry. Specifically, we compare the performance of guard ring cathodes with no shank emission to conventional truncated tip geometries. We find that a guard ring cathode allows operation at minimum Wehnelt bias and improve the temporal resolution under realistic operation conditions in an UEM. At low bias, the Wehnelt exhibits stronger focus for guard ring than truncated tip cathodes. The increase in temporal spread with bias is mainly a result from a decrease in the accelerating field near the cathode surface. Furthermore, simulations reveal that the temporal dispersion is also influenced by the intrinsic angular distribution in the photoemission process and the initial energy spread. However, a smaller emission spot on the cathode is not a dominant driver for enhancing time resolution. Space charge induced temporal broadening shows a close to linear relation with the number of electrons up to at least 10 000 electrons per pulse. The Wehnelt bias will affect the energy distribution by changing the Rayleigh length, and thus the interaction time, at the crossover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozheng Ji
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Material Physics, Electrum 229, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden
| | - Luca Piazza
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Material Physics, Electrum 229, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden
| | - Gaolong Cao
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Material Physics, Electrum 229, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden
| | - Sang Tae Park
- Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc. (IDES), Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Bryan W Reed
- Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc. (IDES), Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Daniel J Masiel
- Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc. (IDES), Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Jonas Weissenrieder
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Material Physics, Electrum 229, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden
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14
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Chergui M, Thomas JM. From structure to structural dynamics: Ahmed Zewail's legacy. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2017; 4:043802. [PMID: 28868324 PMCID: PMC5562505 DOI: 10.1063/1.4998243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this brief tribute to Ahmed Zewail, we highlight and place in the historical context, several of the major achievements that he and his colleagues have made in Femtochemistry (of which he was the principal instigator) and his introduction of ultrafast electron scattering, diffraction, microscopy and spectroscopy. By achieving a sub-picosecond temporal resolution, coupled with a picometer spatial resolution, he revolutionised our understanding of the corpus of chemical, physical, biological and materials science systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Chergui
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), ISIC, Faculté des Sciences de Base, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Meurig Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB30FS, United Kingdom
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15
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Jiang Y, Liu LC, Müller-Werkmeister HM, Lu C, Zhang D, Field RL, Sarracini A, Moriena G, Collet E, Miller RJD. Structural Dynamics upon Photoexcitation in a Spin Crossover Crystal Probed with Femtosecond Electron Diffraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Jiang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter; Luruper Chaussee 149 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Lai Chung Liu
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | | | - Cheng Lu
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter; Luruper Chaussee 149 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Ryan L. Field
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Antoine Sarracini
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Gustavo Moriena
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Eric Collet
- Université Rennes 1, CNRS; Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, UBL, 3; 5042 Rennes France
| | - R. J. Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter; Luruper Chaussee 149 22607 Hamburg Germany
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16
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Jiang Y, Liu LC, Müller-Werkmeister HM, Lu C, Zhang D, Field RL, Sarracini A, Moriena G, Collet E, Miller RJD. Structural Dynamics upon Photoexcitation in a Spin Crossover Crystal Probed with Femtosecond Electron Diffraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7130-7134. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Jiang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter; Luruper Chaussee 149 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Lai Chung Liu
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | | | - Cheng Lu
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter; Luruper Chaussee 149 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Ryan L. Field
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Antoine Sarracini
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Gustavo Moriena
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Eric Collet
- Université Rennes 1, CNRS; Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, UBL, 3; 5042 Rennes France
| | - R. J. Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter; Luruper Chaussee 149 22607 Hamburg Germany
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Su Z, Baskin JS, Zhou W, Thomas JM, Zewail AH. Ultrafast Elemental and Oxidation-State Mapping of Hematite by 4D Electron Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4916-4922. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zixue Su
- Physical
Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes
Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J. Spencer Baskin
- Physical
Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes
Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Wuzong Zhou
- School
of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - John M. Thomas
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K
| | - Ahmed H. Zewail
- Physical
Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes
Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Thomas JM. Reflections on the value of electron microscopy in the study of heterogeneous catalysts. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2017; 473:20160714. [PMID: 28265196 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2016.0714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Electron microscopy (EM) is arguably the single most powerful method of characterizing heterogeneous catalysts. Irrespective of whether they are bulk and multiphasic, or monophasic and monocrystalline, or nanocluster and even single-atom and on a support, their structures in atomic detail can be visualized in two or three dimensions, thanks to high-resolution instruments, with sub-Ångstrom spatial resolutions. Their topography, tomography, phase-purity, composition, as well as the bonding, and valence-states of their constituent atoms and ions and, in favourable circumstances, the short-range and long-range atomic order and dynamics of the catalytically active sites, can all be retrieved by the panoply of variants of modern EM. The latter embrace electron crystallography, rotation and precession electron diffraction, X-ray emission and high-resolution electron energy-loss spectra (EELS). Aberration-corrected (AC) transmission (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) have led to a revolution in structure determination. Environmental EM is already playing an increasing role in catalyst characterization, and new advances, involving special cells for the study of solid catalysts in contact with liquid reactants, have recently been deployed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Meurig Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS , UK
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Meurig Thomas J. Developments in Structural Chemistry from the Viewpoint of a Solid-state Chemist: A Review Prompted by the Sixtieth Anniversary of Professor Jack Dunitz's Research Group in the ETH, Zurich. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Meurig Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy; University of Cambridge; 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
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Thomas SJM, Leary RK. On choosing the most appropriate catalysts for the conversion of carbon dioxide to fuels and other commodities, and on the environmentally benign processing of renewable and nonrenewable feedstocks. APPLIED PETROCHEMICAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13203-016-0167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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