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Sánchez-Hernández R, Benítez-Angeles M, Hernández-Vega AM, Rosenbaum T. Recent advances on the structure and the function relationships of the TRPV4 ion channel. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2313323. [PMID: 38354101 PMCID: PMC10868539 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2313323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The members of the superfamily of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) ion channels are physiologically important molecules that have been studied for many years and are still being intensively researched. Among the vanilloid TRP subfamily, the TRPV4 ion channel is an interesting protein due to its involvement in several essential physiological processes and in the development of various diseases. As in other proteins, changes in its function that lead to the development of pathological states, have been closely associated with modification of its regulation by different molecules, but also by the appearance of mutations which affect the structure and gating of the channel. In the last few years, some structures for the TRPV4 channel have been solved. Due to the importance of this protein in physiology, here we discuss the recent progress in determining the structure of the TRPV4 channel, which has been achieved in three species of animals (Xenopus tropicalis, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens), highlighting conserved features as well as key differences among them and emphasizing the binding sites for some ligands that play crucial roles in its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Sánchez-Hernández
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miguel Benítez-Angeles
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ana M. Hernández-Vega
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Tamara Rosenbaum
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
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2
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Human skeletal dysplasia causing L596P-mutant alters the conserved amino acid pattern at the lipid-water-Interface of TRPV4. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184085. [PMID: 36403799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
TRPV4 is a polymodal and non-selective cation channel that is activated by multiple physical and chemical stimuli. >50 naturally occurring point-mutation of TRPV4 have been identified in human, most of which induce different diseases commonly termed as channelopathies. While, these mutations are either "gain-of-function" or "loss-of-function" in nature, the exact molecular and cellular mechanisms behind such diverse channelopathies are largely unknown. In this work, we analyze the evolutionary conservation of individual amino acids present in the lipid-water-interface (LWI) regions and the relationship of TRPV4 with membrane cholesterol. Our data suggests that the positive-negative charges and hydrophobic-hydrophilic amino acids form "specific patterns" in the LWI region which remain conserved throughout the vertebrate evolution and thus suggesting for the specific microenvironment where TRPV4 remain functional. Notably, Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia, Kozlowski (SMDK) disease causing L596P mutation disrupts this pattern significantly at the LWI region. L596P mutant also sequesters Caveolin-1 differently, especially in partial cholesterol-depleted (~40 % reduction) conditions. L596P shows altered localization in membrane and enhanced Ca2+-influx properties in cell as well as in filopodia-like structures. We propose that conserved pattern of amino acids is an important parameter for proper localization and functions of TRPV4 in physiological conditions. These findings also offer a new paradigm to analyze the channelopathies caused by mutations in LWI regions of other channels as well.
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3
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Natural variation in the binding pocket of a parasitic flatworm TRPM channel resolves the basis for praziquantel sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217732120. [PMID: 36574686 PMCID: PMC9910428 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217732120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug praziquantel (PZQ) is the key clinical therapy for treating schistosomiasis and other infections caused by parasitic flatworms. A schistosome target for PZQ was recently identified- a transient receptor potential ion channel in the melastatin subfamily (TRPMPZQ)-however, little is known about the properties of TRPMPZQ in other parasitic flatworms. Here, TRPMPZQ orthologs were scrutinized from all currently available parasitic flatworm genomes. TRPMPZQ is present in all parasitic flatworms, and the consensus PZQ binding site was well conserved. Functional profiling of trematode, cestode, and a free-living flatworm TRPMPZQ ortholog revealed differing sensitives (~300-fold) of these TRPMPZQ channels toward PZQ, which matched the varied sensitivities of these different flatworms to PZQ. Three loci of variation were defined across the parasitic flatworm TRPMPZQ pocketome with the identity of an acidic residue in the TRP domain acting as a gatekeeper residue impacting PZQ residency within the TRPMPZQ ligand binding pocket. In trematodes and cyclophyllidean cestodes, which display high sensitivity to PZQ, this TRP domain residue is an aspartic acid which is permissive for potent activation by PZQ. However, the presence of a glutamic acid residue found in other parasitic and free-living flatworm TRPMPZQ was associated with lower sensitivity to PZQ. The definition of these different binding pocket architectures explains why PZQ shows high therapeutic effectiveness against specific fluke and tapeworm infections and will help the development of better tailored therapies toward other parasitic infections of humans, livestock, and fish.
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4
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Taga A, Peyton MA, Goretzki B, Gallagher TQ, Ritter A, Harper A, Crawford TO, Hellmich UA, Sumner CJ, McCray BA. TRPV4 mutations causing mixed neuropathy and skeletal phenotypes result in severe gain of function. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:375-391. [PMID: 35170874 PMCID: PMC8935273 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Distinct dominant mutations in the calcium-permeable ion channel TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) typically cause nonoverlapping diseases of either the neuromuscular or skeletal systems. However, accumulating evidence suggests that some patients develop mixed phenotypes that include elements of both neuromuscular and skeletal disease. We sought to define the genetic and clinical features of these patients. METHODS We report a 2-year-old with a novel R616G mutation in TRPV4 with a severe neuropathy phenotype and bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Interestingly, a different substitution at the same residue, R616Q, has been reported in families with isolated skeletal dysplasia. To gain insight into clinical features and potential genetic determinants of mixed phenotypes, we perform in-depth analysis of previously reported patients along with functional and structural assessment of selected mutations. RESULTS We describe a wide range of neuromuscular and skeletal manifestations and highlight specific mutations that are more frequently associated with overlap syndromes. We find that mutations causing severe, mixed phenotypes have an earlier age of onset and result in more marked elevations of intracellular calcium, increased cytotoxicity, and reduced sensitivity to TRPV4 antagonism. Structural analysis of the two mutations with the most dramatic gain of ion channel function suggests that these mutants likely cause constitutive channel opening through disruption of the TRPV4 S5 transmembrane domain. INTERPRETATION These findings demonstrate that the degree of baseline calcium elevation correlates with development of mixed phenotypes and sensitivity to pharmacologic channel inhibition, observations that will be critical for the design of future clinical trials for TRPV4 channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arens Taga
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Margo A Peyton
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Benedikt Goretzki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany.,Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, 60438, Germany
| | - Thomas Q Gallagher
- Departments of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery & Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, and Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, 23508, USA
| | - Ann Ritter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
| | - Amy Harper
- Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
| | - Thomas O Crawford
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Ute A Hellmich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany.,Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, 60438, Germany
| | - Charlotte J Sumner
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA.,The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Brett A McCray
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
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5
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Chen Z, Kerwin M, Keenan O, Montell C. Conserved Modules Required for Drosophila TRP Function in Vivo. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5822-5832. [PMID: 34099505 PMCID: PMC8265800 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0200-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are broadly required in animals for sensory physiology. To provide insights into regulatory mechanisms, the structures of many TRPs have been solved. This has led to new models, some of which have been tested in vitro Here, using the classical TRP required for Drosophila visual transduction, we uncovered structural requirements for channel function in photoreceptor cells. Using a combination of molecular genetics, field recordings, protein expression analysis, and molecular modeling, we interrogated roles for the S4-S5 linker and the TRP domain, and revealed mutations in the S4-S5 linker that impair channel opening or closing. We also uncovered differential requirements for the two highly conserved motifs in the TRP domain for activation and protein stability. By performing genetic complementation, we found an intrasubunit interaction between the S4-S5 linker and the S5 segment that contributes to activation. This analysis highlights key structural requirements for TRP channel opening, closing, folding, and for intrasubunit interactions in a native context-Drosophila photoreceptor cells.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The importance of TRP channels for sensory biology and human health has motivated tremendous effort in trying to understand the roles of the structural motifs essential for their activation, inactivation, and protein folding. In the current work, we have exploited the unique advantages of the Drosophila visual system to reveal mechanistic insights into TRP channel function in a native system-photoreceptor cells. Using a combination of electrophysiology (field recordings), cell biology, and molecular modeling, we have revealed roles of key motifs for activation, inactivation and protein folding of TRP in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Maggie Kerwin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Orlaith Keenan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Craig Montell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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6
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Xian W, Wang H, Moretti A, Laugwitz KL, Flockerzi V, Lipp P. Domain zipping and unzipping modulates TRPM4's properties in human cardiac conduction disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:12114-12126. [PMID: 32681584 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000097rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a Ca2+ -activated nonselective cation channel linked to human cardiac diseases. The human mutation K914R within TRPM4's S4-S5 linker was identified in patients with atrioventricular block. During UV-flash-mediated Ca2+ transients, TRPM4K914R generated a threefold augmented membrane current concomitant with 2 to 3-fold slowed down activation and deactivation kinetics resulting in excessive membrane currents during human cardiac action potentials. Mutagenesis of K914 paired with molecular modeling suggested the importance of the nanoscopic interface between the S4-S5 linker, the MHR4-, and TRP-domain as a major determinant for TRPM4's behavior. Rational mutagenesis of an interacting amino acid (R1062Q) in the TRP domain was able to offset K914R`s gain-of-function by zipping and unzipping of this nanoscopic interface. In conclusion, repulsion and attraction between the amino acids at positions 914 and 1062 alters the flexibility of the nanoscopic interface suggesting a zipping and unzipping mechanism that modulates TRPM4's functions. Pharmacological modulation of this intramolecular mechanism might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of TRPM4-mediated cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Xian
- Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Alessandra Moretti
- First Medical Department (Cardiology), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) - partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- First Medical Department (Cardiology), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) - partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter Lipp
- Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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7
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Ben-Abu Y. RETRACTED: Symmetrical interactions in K+ channel. Biophys Chem 2019; 254:106259. [PMID: 31494500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2019.106259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ben-Abu
- Department of Physics and Project Unit, Sapir Academic College, Sderot, Hof Ashkelon 79165, Israel
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8
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Rasmussen T, Rasmussen A, Yang L, Kaul C, Black S, Galbiati H, Conway SJ, Miller S, Blount P, Booth IR. Interaction of the Mechanosensitive Channel, MscS, with the Membrane Bilayer through Lipid Intercalation into Grooves and Pockets. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:3339-3352. [PMID: 31173776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
All membrane proteins have dynamic and intimate relationships with the lipids of the bilayer that may determine their activity. Mechanosensitive channels sense tension through their interaction with the lipids of the membrane. We have proposed a mechanism for the bacterial channel of small conductance, MscS, that envisages variable occupancy of pockets in the channel by lipid chains. Here, we analyze protein-lipid interactions for MscS by quenching of tryptophan fluorescence with brominated lipids. By this strategy, we define the limits of the bilayer for TM1, which is the most lipid exposed helix of this protein. In addition, we show that residues deep in the pockets, created by the oligomeric assembly, interact with lipid chains. On the cytoplasmic side, lipids penetrate as far as the pore-lining helices and lipid molecules can align along TM3b perpendicular to lipids in the bilayer. Cardiolipin, free fatty acids, and branched lipids can access the pockets where the latter have a distinct effect on function. Cholesterol is excluded from the pockets. We demonstrate that introduction of hydrophilic residues into TM3b severely impairs channel function and that even "conservative" hydrophobic substitutions can modulate the stability of the open pore. The data provide important insights into the interactions between phospholipids and MscS and are discussed in the light of recent developments in the study of Piezo1 and TrpV4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Rasmussen
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| | - Akiko Rasmussen
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Limin Yang
- Department of Physiology, U.T. Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX 75390-9040, USA.
| | - Corinna Kaul
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Susan Black
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Heloisa Galbiati
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Stuart J Conway
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Samantha Miller
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| | - Paul Blount
- Department of Physiology, U.T. Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX 75390-9040, USA.
| | - Ian Rylance Booth
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
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9
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Muller MP, Jiang T, Sun C, Lihan M, Pant S, Mahinthichaichan P, Trifan A, Tajkhorshid E. Characterization of Lipid-Protein Interactions and Lipid-Mediated Modulation of Membrane Protein Function through Molecular Simulation. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6086-6161. [PMID: 30978005 PMCID: PMC6506392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The cellular membrane constitutes one of the most fundamental compartments of a living cell, where key processes such as selective transport of material and exchange of information between the cell and its environment are mediated by proteins that are closely associated with the membrane. The heterogeneity of lipid composition of biological membranes and the effect of lipid molecules on the structure, dynamics, and function of membrane proteins are now widely recognized. Characterization of these functionally important lipid-protein interactions with experimental techniques is however still prohibitively challenging. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations offer a powerful complementary approach with sufficient temporal and spatial resolutions to gain atomic-level structural information and energetics on lipid-protein interactions. In this review, we aim to provide a broad survey of MD simulations focusing on exploring lipid-protein interactions and characterizing lipid-modulated protein structure and dynamics that have been successful in providing novel insight into the mechanism of membrane protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie P. Muller
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- College of Medicine
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chang Sun
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Muyun Lihan
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Shashank Pant
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Paween Mahinthichaichan
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Anda Trifan
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- College of Medicine
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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10
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Benso B, Bustos D, Zarraga MO, Gonzalez W, Caballero J, Brauchi S. Chalcone derivatives as non-canonical ligands of TRPV1. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 112:18-23. [PMID: 31026506 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a polymodal cation channel activated by heat, voltage, and ligands. Also known as the capsaicin receptor, TRPV1 is expressed in numerous tissues by different cell types, including peripheral sensory fibers where acts as a thermal and chemical detector in nociceptive pathways. TRPV1 channels are able to bind a wide range of ligands, including a number of vanilloid derivatives all modulating channel's activity. When expressed by sensory neurons, activation of TRPV1 channels by heat (>40 °C), capsaicin (sub-micromolar), or acid environment (pH < 6), causes depolarization leading to burning pain sensation in mammals. Naturally occurring chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) have been reported as effective inhibitors of TRPV1. Their relatively simple chemical structure and the possibility for handy chemical modification make them attractive ligands for the treatment of peripheral pain. By taking advantage of the structural information available, here we discuss pharmacological properties of chalcones and their putative mechanism of binding to TRPV1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Benso
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, RM, Chile; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Valdivia, Chile
| | - Daniel Bustos
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation (CBSM), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Miguel O Zarraga
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Wendy Gonzalez
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Valdivia, Chile; Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation (CBSM), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation (CBSM), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Sebastian Brauchi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Valdivia, Chile.
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11
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Human mutations highlight an intersubunit cation-π bond that stabilizes the closed but not open or inactivated states of TRPV channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:9410-9416. [PMID: 31010928 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820673116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An adequate response of a living cell to the ever-changing environment requires integration of numerous sensory inputs. In many cases, it can be achieved even at the level of a single receptor molecule. Polymodal transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been shown to integrate mechanical, chemical, electric, and thermal stimuli. Inappropriate gating can lead to pathologies. Among the >60 known TRP vanilloid subfamily (V) 4 mutations that interfere with bone development are Y602C or R616Q at the S4-S5 linker. A cation-π bond between the conservative residues Y602 and R616 of neighboring subunits appears likely in many homologous channel structures in a closed state. Our experiments with TRPV4 mutants indicate that the resting-closed state remains stable while the bond is substituted by a salt bridge or disulfide bond, whereas disruption of the contact by mutations like Y602C or R616Q produces gain-of-function phenotypes when TRPV4 is heterologously expressed in the Xenopus oocyte or yeast. Our data indicate that the Y602-R616 cation-π interactions link the four S4-S5 linker helices together, forming a girdle backing the closed gate. Analogous cation-π bonds and the girdle are seen in many closed TRP channel structures. This girdle is not observed in the cryo-EM structure of amphibian TRPV4 (Protein Data Bank ID code 6BBJ), which appears to be in a different impermeable state-we hypothesize this is the inactivated state.
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12
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Wray R, Iscla I, Kovacs Z, Wang J, Blount P. Novel compounds that specifically bind and modulate MscL: insights into channel gating mechanisms. FASEB J 2019; 33:3180-3189. [PMID: 30359098 PMCID: PMC6404570 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801628r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) normally functions as an emergency release valve discharging cytoplasmic solutes upon osmotic stress. Opening the large pore of MscL inappropriately is detrimental to the cell, and thus it has been speculated to be a potential antibiotic target. Although MscL is one of the best studied mechanosensitive channels, no chemical that influenced bacterial growth by modulating MscL is known. We therefore used a high-throughput screen to identify compounds that slowed growth in an MscL-dependent manner. We characterized 2 novel sulfonamide compounds identified in the screen. We demonstrated that, although both increase MscL gating, one of these compounds does not work through the folate pathway, as other antimicrobial sulfonamides; indeed, the sulfonamide portion of the compound is not needed for activity. The only mode of action appears to be MscL activation. The binding pocket is where an α-helix runs along the cytoplasmic membrane and interacts with a neighboring subunit; analogous motifs have been observed in several prokaryotic and eukaryotic channels. The data not only demonstrate that MscL is a viable antibiotic target, but also give insight into the gating mechanisms of MscL, and they may have implications for developing agonists for other channels.-Wray, R., Iscla, I., Kovacs, Z., Wang, J., Blount, P. Novel compounds that specifically bind and modulate MscL: insights into channel gating mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Wray
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Irene Iscla
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zoltan Kovacs
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Junmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul Blount
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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13
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Duret G, Polali S, Anderson ED, Bell AM, Tzouanas CN, Avants BW, Robinson JT. Magnetic Entropy as a Proposed Gating Mechanism for Magnetogenetic Ion Channels. Biophys J 2019; 116:454-468. [PMID: 30665695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetically sensitive ion channels would allow researchers to better study how specific brain cells affect behavior in freely moving animals; however, recent reports of "magnetogenetic" ion channels based on biogenic ferritin nanoparticles have been questioned because known biophysical mechanisms cannot explain experimental observations. Here, we reproduce a weak magnetically mediated calcium response in HEK cells expressing a previously published TRPV4-ferritin fusion protein. We find that this magnetic sensitivity is attenuated when we reduce the temperature sensitivity of the channel but not when we reduce the mechanical sensitivity of the channel, suggesting that the magnetic sensitivity of this channel is thermally mediated. As a potential mechanism for this thermally mediated magnetic response, we propose that changes in the magnetic entropy of the ferritin particle can generate heat via the magnetocaloric effect and consequently gate the associated temperature-sensitive ion channel. Unlike other forms of magnetic heating, the magnetocaloric mechanism can cool magnetic particles during demagnetization. To test this prediction, we constructed a magnetogenetic channel based on the cold-sensitive TRPM8 channel. Our observation of a magnetic response in cold-gated channels is consistent with the magnetocaloric hypothesis. Together, these new data and our proposed mechanism of action provide additional resources for understanding how ion channels could be activated by low-frequency magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Duret
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Sruthi Polali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Applied Physics Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Erin D Anderson
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - A Martin Bell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Applied Physics Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Benjamin W Avants
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Jacob T Robinson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Applied Physics Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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14
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Dobson L, Mészáros B, Tusnády GE. Structural Principles Governing Disease-Causing Germline Mutations. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:4955-4970. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Cao S, Anishkin A, Zinkevich NS, Nishijima Y, Korishettar A, Wang Z, Fang J, Wilcox DA, Zhang DX. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) activation by arachidonic acid requires protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5307-5322. [PMID: 29462784 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.811075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca2+-permeable channel of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily activated by diverse stimuli, including warm temperature, mechanical forces, and lipid mediators such as arachidonic acid (AA) and its metabolites. This activation is tightly regulated by protein phosphorylation carried out by various serine/threonine or tyrosine kinases. It remains poorly understood how phosphorylation differentially regulates TRPV4 activation in response to different stimuli. We investigated how TRPV4 activation by AA, an important signaling process in the dilation of coronary arterioles, is affected by protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-824. Wildtype and mutant TRPV4 channels were expressed in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). AA-induced TRPV4 activation was blunted in the S824A mutant but was enhanced in the phosphomimetic S824E mutant, whereas the channel activation by the synthetic agonist GSK1016790A was not affected. The low level of basal phosphorylation at Ser-824 was robustly increased by the redox signaling molecule hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The H2O2-induced phosphorylation was accompanied by an enhanced channel activation by AA, and this enhanced response was largely abolished by PKA inhibition or S824A mutation. We further identified a potential structural context dependence of Ser-824 phosphorylation-mediated TRPV4 regulation involving an interplay between AA binding and the possible phosphorylation-induced rearrangements of the C-terminal helix bearing Ser-824. These results provide insight into how phosphorylation specifically regulates TRPV4 activation. Redox-mediated TRPV4 phosphorylation may contribute to pathologies associated with enhanced TRPV4 activity in endothelial and other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Cao
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center
| | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Natalya S Zinkevich
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center.,Department of Health and Medicine, Carroll University, Waukesha, Wisconsin 53186, and
| | | | | | - Zhihao Wang
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center
| | - Juan Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226.,Children's Research Institute, The Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - David A Wilcox
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226.,Children's Research Institute, The Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - David X Zhang
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center,
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16
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Caires R, Sierra-Valdez FJ, Millet JR, Herwig JD, Roan E, Vásquez V, Cordero-Morales JF. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Modulate TRPV4 Function through Plasma Membrane Remodeling. Cell Rep 2017; 21:246-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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17
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Synthesis, high-throughput screening and pharmacological characterization of β-lactam derivatives as TRPM8 antagonists. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10766. [PMID: 28883526 PMCID: PMC5589751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian transient receptor potential melastatin channel 8 (TRPM8), highly expressed in trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia, mediates the cooling sensation and plays an important role in the cold hypersensitivity characteristic of some types of neuropathic pain, as well as in cancer. Consequently, the identification of selective and potent ligands for TRPM8 is of great interest. Here, a series of compounds, having a β-lactam central scaffold, were prepared to explore the pharmacophore requirements for TRPM8 modulation. Structure-activity studies indicate that the minimal requirements for potent β-lactam-based TRPM8 blockers are hydrophobic groups (benzyl preferentially or tBu) on R1, R2, R3 and R5 and a short N-alkyl chain (≤3 carbons). The best compounds in the focused library (41 and 45) showed IC50 values of 46 nM and 83 nM, respectively, in electrophysiology assays. These compounds selectively blocked all modalities of TRPM8 activation, i.e. menthol, voltage, and temperature. Molecular modelling studies using a homology model of TRPM8 identified two putative binding sites, involving networks of hydrophobic interactions, and suggesting a negative allosteric modulation through the stabilization of the closed state. Thus, these β-lactams provide a novel pharmacophore scaffold to evolve TRPM8 allosteric modulators to treat TRPM8 channel dysfunction.
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18
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Structural determinants of 5',6'-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid binding to and activation of TRPV4 channel. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10522. [PMID: 28874838 PMCID: PMC5585255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPV4 cation channel activation by cytochrome P450-mediated derivatives of arachidonic acid (AA), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), constitute a major mechanisms of endothelium-derived vasodilatation. Besides, TRPV4 mechano/osmosensitivity depends on phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation and subsequent production of AA and EETs. However, the lack of evidence for a direct interaction of EETs with TRPV4 together with claims of EET-independent mechanical activation of TRPV4 has cast doubts on the validity of this mechanism. We now report: 1) The identification of an EET-binding pocket that specifically mediates TRPV4 activation by 5',6'-EET, AA and hypotonic cell swelling, thereby suggesting that all these stimuli shared a common structural target within the TRPV4 channel; and 2) A structural insight into the gating of TRPV4 by a natural agonist (5',6'-EET) in which K535 plays a crucial role, as mutant TRPV4-K535A losses binding of and gating by EET, without affecting GSK1016790A, 4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate and heat mediated channel activation. Together, our data demonstrates that the mechano- and osmotransducing messenger EET gates TRPV4 by a direct action on a site formed by residues from the S2-S3 linker, S4 and S4-S5 linker.
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