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Trukhin A, Gabrusenoks J, Sarakovskis A, Mashkovtsev RI. Luminescence, XPS and Raman of crystalline quartz affected to high pressure by detonation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:394001. [PMID: 38870988 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad581c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The Raman spectra, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and x-ray excited luminescence spectra of crystalline quartz samples subjected to different pressure levels through detonation were compared with the spectra of the original samples. In the samples under study, the luminescence of a self-trapped exciton (STE) was analyzed, which, when excited by x-rays, has a high energy yield (∼20%) in crystallineα-quartz not treated by detonation. The deviations of the luminescence spectrum are small in the pressure range from 9 to 27 GPa relative to untreated samples, which means the presence of crystalline quartz grains. A sharp change in the spectrum occurs for the sample subjected to a pressure of 34 GPa. The STE band practically disappeared and a band appeared at 350 nm. This band appears in thermally stimulated luminescence (in contrast to the STE band, which is not observed at all in thermally stimulated luminescence) and, therefore, can be attributed to some defects arising due to high pressure. This luminescence is not similar to the luminescence of a stishovite single crystal, but analysis of the XPS spectra suggests the formation of non-crystalline stishovite in detonated samples. In the Raman scattering spectra, a single sharp line at 465 cm-1, characteristic ofα-quartz, was observed in the samples after detonation pressure for the remaining small crystal grains. This line decreased greatly for the sample subjected to a pressure of 34 GPa. Against the structureless background of exposed samples of 'poor' optical quality, other Raman bands did not appear. It can be assumed that there are very broad bands of Raman scattering caused by the amorphization of stishovite under high detonation pressure. Amorphization explains the absence of luminescence, similar to the stishovite crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trukhin
- Institute of Solid State Physics of the University of Latvia, Riga LV-1057, Latvia
| | - J Gabrusenoks
- Institute of Solid State Physics of the University of Latvia, Riga LV-1057, Latvia
| | - A Sarakovskis
- Institute of Solid State Physics of the University of Latvia, Riga LV-1057, Latvia
| | - R I Mashkovtsev
- V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Mijit E, Durandurdu M, Rodrigues JEFS, Trapananti A, Rezvani SJ, Rosa AD, Mathon O, Irifune T, Di Cicco A. Structural and electronic transformations of GeSe 2 glass under high pressures studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318978121. [PMID: 38536755 PMCID: PMC10998580 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318978121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Pressure-induced transformations in an archetypal chalcogenide glass (GeSe2) have been investigated up to 157 GPa by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Ge and Se K-edge XAS data allowed simultaneous tracking of the correlated local structural and electronic changes at both Ge and Se sites. Thanks to the simultaneous analysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) signals of both edges, reliable quantitative information about the evolution of the first neighbor Ge-Se distribution could be obtained. It also allowed to account for contributions of the Ge-Ge and Se-Se bond distributions (chemical disorder). The low-density to high-density amorphous-amorphous transformation was found to occur within 10 to 30 GPa pressure range, but the conversion from tetrahedral to octahedral coordination of the Ge sites is completed above [Formula: see text] 80 GPa. No convincing evidence of another high-density amorphous state with coordination number larger than six was found within the investigated pressure range. The number of short Ge-Ge and Se-Se "wrong" bonds was found to increase upon pressurization. Experimental XAS results are confirmed by MD simulations, indicating the increase of chemical disorder under high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Mijit
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex 938043, France
| | - Murat Durandurdu
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri38080, Turkey
| | | | - Angela Trapananti
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
| | - S. Javad Rezvani
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
| | | | - Olivier Mathon
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex 938043, France
| | - Tetsuo Irifune
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama790-8577, Japan
| | - Andrea Di Cicco
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, CamerinoI-62032, Italy
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3
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Erhard LC, Rohrer J, Albe K, Deringer VL. Modelling atomic and nanoscale structure in the silicon-oxygen system through active machine learning. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1927. [PMID: 38431626 PMCID: PMC10908788 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Silicon-oxygen compounds are among the most important ones in the natural sciences, occurring as building blocks in minerals and being used in semiconductors and catalysis. Beyond the well-known silicon dioxide, there are phases with different stoichiometric composition and nanostructured composites. One of the key challenges in understanding the Si-O system is therefore to accurately account for its nanoscale heterogeneity beyond the length scale of individual atoms. Here we show that a unified computational description of the full Si-O system is indeed possible, based on atomistic machine learning coupled to an active-learning workflow. We showcase applications to very-high-pressure silica, to surfaces and aerogels, and to the structure of amorphous silicon monoxide. In a wider context, our work illustrates how structural complexity in functional materials beyond the atomic and few-nanometre length scales can be captured with active machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus C Erhard
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Strasse 3, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jochen Rohrer
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Strasse 3, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Karsten Albe
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Strasse 3, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Volker L Deringer
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, United Kingdom.
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4
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Shim SH, Ko B, Sokaras D, Nagler B, Lee HJ, Galtier E, Glenzer S, Granados E, Vinci T, Fiquet G, Dolinschi J, Tappan J, Kulka B, Mao WL, Morard G, Ravasio A, Gleason A, Alonso-Mori R. Ultrafast x-ray detection of low-spin iron in molten silicate under deep planetary interior conditions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi6153. [PMID: 37862409 PMCID: PMC10588943 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi6153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The spin state of Fe can alter the key physical properties of silicate melts, affecting the early differentiation and the dynamic stability of the melts in the deep rocky planets. The low-spin state of Fe can increase the affinity of Fe for the melt over the solid phases and the electrical conductivity of melt at high pressures. However, the spin state of Fe has never been measured in dense silicate melts due to experimental challenges. We report detection of dominantly low-spin Fe in dynamically compressed olivine melt at 150 to 256 gigapascals and 3000 to 6000 kelvin using laser-driven shock wave compression combined with femtosecond x-ray diffraction and x-ray emission spectroscopy using an x-ray free electron laser. The observation of dominantly low-spin Fe supports gravitationally stable melt in the deep mantle and generation of a dynamo from the silicate melt portion of rocky planets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Heon Shim
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Byeongkwan Ko
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Bob Nagler
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - He Ja Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Eric Galtier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Siegfried Glenzer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Eduardo Granados
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Tommaso Vinci
- Laboratoire pour l’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA, UPMC, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Guillaume Fiquet
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Dolinschi
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Jackie Tappan
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Britany Kulka
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Wendy L. Mao
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA
| | - Guillaume Morard
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Universé Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, Université Gustave Eiffel, ISTerre, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alessandra Ravasio
- Laboratoire pour l’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA, UPMC, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Arianna Gleason
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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5
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Glazyrin K, Aslandukov A, Aslandukova A, Fedotenko T, Khandarkhaeva S, Laniel D, Bykov M, Dubrovinsky L. High-pressure reactions between the pnictogens: the rediscovery of BiN. Front Chem 2023; 11:1257942. [PMID: 37901158 PMCID: PMC10602720 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1257942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore chemical reactions within pnictogens with an example of bismuth and nitrogen under extreme conditions. Understanding chemical reactions between Bi and N, elements representing the first and the last stable elements of the nitrogen group, and the physical properties of their compounds under ambient and high pressure is far from being complete. Here, we report the high-pressure high-temperature synthesis of orthorhombic Pbcn BiN (S.G. #60) from Bi and N2 precursors at pressures above 40 GPa. Using synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction on the polycrystalline sample, we solved and refined the compound's structure and studied its behavior and compressibility on decompression to ambient pressure. We confirm the stability of Pbcn BiN to pressures as low as 12.5(4) GPa. Below that pressure value, a group-subgroup phase transformation occurs, resulting in the formation of a non-centrosymmetric BiN solid with a space group Pca21 (S.G. #29). We use ab initio calculations to characterize the polymorphs of BiN. They also provide support and explanation for our experimental observations, in particular those corresponding to peculiar Bi-N bond evolution under pressure, resulting in a change in the coordination numbers of Bi and N as a function of pressure within the explored stability field of Pbcn BiN.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Glazyrin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Aslandukov
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - A. Aslandukova
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - T. Fedotenko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. Khandarkhaeva
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - D. Laniel
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M. Bykov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - L. Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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6
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Mijit E, Elias F S Rodrigues J, Tchoudinov G, Paparoni F, Shinmei T, Irifune T, Mathon O, Dorothea Rosa A, Di Cicco A. EXAFS investigations on the pressure induced local structural changes of GeSe 2glass under different hydrostatic conditions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:264001. [PMID: 36990102 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc8b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-induced transformations in glassy GeSe2have been studied using the x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Experiments have been carried out at the scanning-energy beamline BM23 (European Synchrotron Radiation Facility) providing a micrometric x-ray focal spot up to pressures of about 45 GPa in a diamond anvil cell. Both Se and Ge K-edge experiments were performed under different hydrostatic conditions identifying the metallization onsets by accurate determinations of the edge shifts. The semiconductor-metal transition was observed to be completed around 20 GPa when neon was used as a pressure transmitting medium (PTM), while this transition was slightly shifted to lower pressures when no PTM was used. Accurate double-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) refinements were carried out using advanced data-analysis methods. EXAFS data-analysis confirmed the trend shown by the edge shifts for this disordered material, showing that the transition from tetrahedral to octahedral coordination for Ge sites is not fully achieved at 45 GPa. Results of present high pressure EXAFS experiments have shown the absence of significant neon incorporation into the glass within the pressure range up to 45 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Mijit
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - João Elias F S Rodrigues
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Georghii Tchoudinov
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - Francesco Paparoni
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - Toru Shinmei
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Irifune
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Olivier Mathon
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Angelika Dorothea Rosa
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Andrea Di Cicco
- Physics Division, School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, I-62032 Camerino, (MC), Italy
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7
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Hong X, Newville M, Ding Y. Local structural investigation of non-crystalline materials at high pressure: the case of GeO 2glass. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:164001. [PMID: 36764002 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acbb4c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Local structures play a crucial role in the structural polyamorphism and novel electronic properties of amorphous materials, but their accurate measurement at high pressure remains a formidable challenge. In this article, we use the local structure of network-forming GeO2glass as an example, to present our recent approaches and advances in high-energy x-ray diffraction, high-pressure x-ray absorption fine structure, andab initiofirst-principles density functional theory calculations and simulations. Although GeO2glass is one of the best studied materials in the field of high pressure research due to its importance in glass theory and geophysical significance, there are still some long-standing puzzles, such as the existence of appreciable distinct fivefold[5]Ge coordination at low pressure and the sixfold-plus[6+]Ge coordination at ultrahigh pressure. Our work sheds light on the origin of pressure-induced polyamorphism of GeO2glass, and the[5]Ge polyhedral units may be the dominant species in the densification mechanism of network-forming glasses from tetrahedral to octahedral amorphous structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinguo Hong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Matt Newville
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
| | - Yang Ding
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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8
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Spiekermann G, Sahle CJ, Niskanen J, Gilmore K, Petitgirard S, Sternemann C, Tse JS, Murakami M. Sensitivity of the Kβ″ X-ray Emission Line to Coordination Changes in GeO 2 and TiO 2. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1848-1853. [PMID: 36779679 PMCID: PMC9940287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The hard X-ray Kβ″ emission line shows sensitivity with respect to a wide range of cation-ligand coordination, which we investigate in the cases of GeO2 and TiO2 on the basis of ab initio spectral calculations on amorphous and crystalline structures. In compressed amorphous GeO2, the sampling of a large number of instantaneous coordination polyhedra from an ab initio molecular dynamics trajectory reveals that the functional relation between the Kβ″ shift and coordination is close to linear between 4-fold and 7-fold coordination. A similar sensitivity of the Kβ″ emission line exists in the coordination range between six and nine of crystalline high-pressure TiO2 polymorphs. Our results demonstrate the potential of the Kβ″ emission line in research on the structure of amorphous oxide material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ch. J. Sahle
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - J. Niskanen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Turku, 20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - K. Gilmore
- Physics
Department and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt
Universität zu Berlin, Zum grossen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - C. Sternemann
- Technische
Universität Dortmund, Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Maria-Goeppert-Mayer-Strasse 2, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J. S. Tse
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, University
of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - M. Murakami
- ETH
Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Papadopoulos AG, Tagiara NS, Stavrou E, Li F, Yang G, Kamitsos EI. Pressure-Induced Structural Transformations and Electronic Transitions in TeO 2 Glass by Raman Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:387-394. [PMID: 36622290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
TeO2 glass has been studied by Raman spectroscopy up to the record pressure of 70 GPa. The boson peak frequency ωb exhibits a decrease of the ∂ωb/∂P slope at 5-6 GPa and saturates above 30 GPa with a practically constant value up to 70 GPa. Experiment and theory indicate that pressures up to 20 GPa induce the transformation of single Te-O-Te bridges to double Te-O2-Te bridges, leading to a more compact structure, while Raman activity developing at higher pressures around 580 cm-1 signals the increase of Te coordination from 4- to 6-fold. Natural bond orbital analysis shows that double Te-O2-Te bridges favor the s → d transition and promote the increase of Te coordination through d2sp3 hybridization. This transition leads to the formation of TeO6 octahedra, in strict difference with crystalline TeO2 at the same pressure range, and to the development of a 3D network that freezes the medium range order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios G Papadopoulos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 116 35Athens, Greece
| | - Nagia S Tagiara
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 116 35Athens, Greece
| | - Elissaios Stavrou
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong515063, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa32000, Israel
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Materials Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Materials Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Efstratios I Kamitsos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 116 35Athens, Greece
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10
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Morard G, Antonangeli D, Bouchet J, Rivoldini A, Boccato S, Miozzi F, Boulard E, Bureau H, Mezouar M, Prescher C, Chariton S, Greenberg E. Structural and Electronic Transitions in Liquid FeO Under High Pressure. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SOLID EARTH 2022; 127:e2022JB025117. [PMID: 36590903 PMCID: PMC9788056 DOI: 10.1029/2022jb025117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
FeO represents an important end-member for planetary interiors mineralogy. However, its properties in the liquid state under high pressure are poorly constrained. Here, in situ high-pressure and high-temperature X-ray diffraction experiments, ab initio simulations, and thermodynamic calculations are combined to study the local structure and density evolution of liquid FeO under extreme conditions. Our results highlight a strong shortening of the Fe-Fe distance, particularly pronounced between ambient pressure and ∼40 GPa, possibly related with the insulator to metal transition occurring in solid FeO over a similar pressure range. Liquid density is smoothly evolving between 60 and 150 GPa from values calculated for magnetic liquid to those calculated for non-magnetic liquid, compatibly with a continuous spin crossover in liquid FeO. The present findings support the potential decorrelation between insulator/metal transition and the high-spin to low-spin continuous transition, and relate the changes in the microscopic structure with macroscopic properties, such as the closure of the Fe-FeO miscibility gap. Finally, these results are used to construct a parameterized thermal equation of state for liquid FeO providing densities up to pressure and temperature conditions expected at the Earth's core-mantle boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Morard
- CNRSIRDIFSTTARISTerreUniversité Grenoble AlpesUniversité Savoie Mont BlancGrenobleFrance
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR CNRS 7590Institut de Minéralogiede Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieIMPMCSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Daniele Antonangeli
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR CNRS 7590Institut de Minéralogiede Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieIMPMCSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Johann Bouchet
- CEADAMDIFBruyères Le ChatelFrance
- CEADESIRESNEDECCadaracheSaint‐Paul‐Lez‐DuranceFrance
| | | | - Silvia Boccato
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR CNRS 7590Institut de Minéralogiede Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieIMPMCSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Francesca Miozzi
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR CNRS 7590Institut de Minéralogiede Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieIMPMCSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
- Now at Earth and Planets LaboratoryCarnegie Institution for ScienceDCWashingtonUSA
| | - Eglantine Boulard
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR CNRS 7590Institut de Minéralogiede Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieIMPMCSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Hélène Bureau
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR CNRS 7590Institut de Minéralogiede Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieIMPMCSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | | | - Clemens Prescher
- DESYHamburgGermany
- Institute of Earth and Environmental ScienceUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | | | - Eran Greenberg
- GSECARSThe University of ChicagoILChicagoUSA
- Now at Applied Physics DivisionSoreq NRCYavneIsrael
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11
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Peng SX, Yin Z, Zhang T, Yang Q, Yu H, ZENG M. Vibration assisted glass-formation in zeolitic imidazolate framework. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:104501. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0109885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
New glass forming method is essential for broadening the scope of liquid and glassy metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to limitations of the conventional melt-quenching method. Herein we show that in-situ mechanical vibration can facilitate the framework melting at lower temperature and produce glassy MOFs with unique properties. Using ZIF-62 as a concept-proofing material, in-situ mechanical vibration enables low-temperature melting at 653 K, far below its melting point (713 K). The resulted vibrated ZIF-62 glass exhibited a lower glass transition temperature of 545 K, improved gas accessible porosity and pronounced short-to-medium range structures compared to the corresponding melt-quenched glass. We propose that vibration facilitated surface reconstruction facilitates pre-melting, which could be the cause of the lowered melting temperature. The vibration assisted method represents a new general method to produce MOF glasses without thermal decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Yin
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - HaiBin Yu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
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12
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Sun N, Mao Z, Zhang X, Tkachev SN, Lin JF. Hot dense silica glass with ultrahigh elastic moduli. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13946. [PMID: 35977985 PMCID: PMC9385850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicate and oxide glasses are often chemically doped with a variety of cations to tune for desirable properties in technological applications, but their performances are often limited by relatively lower mechanical and elastic properties. Finding a new route to synthesize silica-based glasses with high elastic and mechanical properties needs to be explored. Here, we report a dense SiO2-glass with ultra-high elastic moduli using sound velocity measurements by Brillouin scattering up to 72 GPa at 300 K. High-temperature measurements were performed up to 63 GPa at 750 K and 59 GPa at 1000 K. Compared to compression at 300 K, elevated temperature helps compressed SiO2-glass effectively overcome the kinetic barrier to undergo permanent densification with enhanced coordination number and connectivity. This hot compressed SiO2-glass exhibits a substantially high bulk modulus of 361–429 GPa which is at least 2–3 times greater than the metallic, oxide, and silicate glasses at ambient conditions. Its Poisson’s ratio, an indicator for the packing efficiency, is comparable to the metallic glasses. Even after temperature quench and decompression to ambient conditions, the SiO2-glass retains some of its unique properties at compression and possesses a Poisson’s ratio of 0.248(11). In addition to chemical alternatives in glass syntheses, coupled compression and heating treatments can be an effective means to enhance mechanical and elastic properties in high-performance glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyu Sun
- Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhu Mao
- Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China. .,Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Sergey N Tkachev
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jung-Fu Lin
- Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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13
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Kim YH, Yi YS, Kim HI, Chow P, Xiao Y, Shen G, Lee SK. Pressure-Driven Changes in the Electronic Bonding Environment of GeO 2 Glass above Megabar Pressures. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10025-10033. [PMID: 35616519 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Noncrystalline oxides under pressure undergo gradual structural modifications, highlighted by the formation of a dense noncrystalline network topology. The nature of the densified networks and their electronic structures at high pressures may account for the mechanical hardening and the anomalous changes in electromagnetic properties. Despite its importance, direct probing of the electronic structures in amorphous oxides under compression above the Mbar pressure (>100 GPa) is currently lacking. Here, we report the observation of pressure-driven changes in electronic configurations and their delocalization around oxygen in glasses using inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy (IXS). In particular, the first O K-edge IXS spectra for compressed GeO2 glass up to 148 GPa, the highest pressure ever reached in an experimental study of GeO2 glass, reveal that the glass densification results from a progressive increase of oxygen proximity. While the triply coordinated oxygen [3]O is dominant below ∼50 GPa, the IXS spectra resolve multiple edge features that are unique to topologically disordered [4]O upon densification above 55 GPa. Topological compaction in GeO2 glass above 100 GPa results in pronounced electronic delocalization, revealing the contribution from Ge d-orbitals to oxide densification. Strong correlations between the glass density and the electronic configurations beyond the Mbar conditions highlight the electronic origins of densification of heavy-metal-bearing oxide glasses. Current experimental breakthroughs shed light on the direct probing of the electronic density of states in high-Z oxides above 1 Mbar, offering prospects for studies on the pressure-driven changes in magnetism, superconductivity, and electronic transport properties in heavy-metal-bearing oxides under compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hyun Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yoo Soo Yi
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyo-Im Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Paul Chow
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yuming Xiao
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Guoyin Shen
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Sung Keun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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14
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Henry L, Guignot N, King A, Giovenco E, Deslandes JP, Itié JP. In situ characterization of liquids at high pressure combining X-ray tomography, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption using the white beam station at PSICHÉ. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:853-861. [PMID: 35511017 PMCID: PMC9070723 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522003411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel experimental setup dedicated to the study of liquid and amorphous materials, on the white beam station of the PSICHÉ beamline at SOLEIL, is described. The Beer-Lambert absorption method has been developed using a broad-spectrum (white) incident beam for in situ density measurements at extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. This technique has been combined with other existing X-ray techniques (radiographic imaging, tomography and combined angle energy dispersive X-ray diffraction). Such a multi-technical approach offers new possibilities for the characterization of liquid and amorphous materials at high pressure and high temperature. The strength of this approach is illustrated by density measurements of liquid gallium at pressures up to 4 GPa, combining the three independent X-ray techniques (the Beer-Lambert absorption method, tomography and X-ray diffraction).
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Henry
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N. Guignot
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. King
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E. Giovenco
- Univ Lyon, UCBL, ENSL, UJM, CNRS, LGL-TPE, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J.-P. Deslandes
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J.-P. Itié
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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15
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Kono Y, Ohara K, Kondo NM, Yamada H, Hiroi S, Noritake F, Nitta K, Sekizawa O, Higo Y, Tange Y, Yumoto H, Koyama T, Yamazaki H, Senba Y, Ohashi H, Goto S, Inoue I, Hayashi Y, Tamasaku K, Osaka T, Yamada J, Yabashi M. Experimental evidence of tetrahedral symmetry breaking in SiO 2 glass under pressure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2292. [PMID: 35484122 PMCID: PMC9051114 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bimodal behavior in the translational order of silicon's second shell in SiO2 liquid at high temperatures and high pressures has been recognized in theoretical studies, and the fraction of the S state with high tetrahedrality is considered as structural origin of the anomalous properties. However, it has not been well identified in experiment. Here we show experimental evidence of a bimodal behavior in the translational order of silicon's second shell in SiO2 glass under pressure. SiO2 glass shows tetrahedral symmetry structure with separation between the first and second shells of silicon at low pressures, which corresponds to the S state structure reported in SiO2 liquid. On the other hand, at high pressures, the silicon's second shell collapses onto the first shell, and more silicon atoms locate in the first shell. These observations indicate breaking of local tetrahedral symmetry in SiO2 glass under pressure, as well as SiO2 liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Kono
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Koji Ohara
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Nozomi M Kondo
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hiroi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Fumiya Noritake
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Nitta
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Oki Sekizawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yuji Higo
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tange
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Hirokatsu Yumoto
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Takahisa Koyama
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Yasunori Senba
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Ohashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Shunji Goto
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Ichiro Inoue
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamasaku
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Taito Osaka
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
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16
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Ultrahigh-pressure disordered eight-coordinated phase of Mg 2GeO 4: Analogue for super-Earth mantles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2114424119. [PMID: 35165195 PMCID: PMC8872715 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114424119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents experimental evidence for the formation of a phase with eightfold coordination of germanium by oxygen in Mg2GeO4, a well-known analogue of Mg2SiO4 at extreme pressure and temperatures. Using both experiments and theoretical computations, we have determined the structure, equation of state, and phase stability of this phase at pressures above 200 GPa. The existence of this phase in the silicate counterpart may play an important role in the structure and dynamics of the deep interiors of large, rocky exoplanets. Mg2GeO4 is important as an analog for the ultrahigh-pressure behavior of Mg2SiO4, a major component of planetary interiors. In this study, we have investigated magnesium germanate to 275 GPa and over 2,000 K using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell combined with in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and density functional theory (DFT) computations. The experimental results are consistent with the formation of a phase with disordered Mg and Ge, in which germanium adopts eightfold coordination with oxygen: the cubic, Th3P4-type structure. DFT computations suggest partial Mg-Ge order, resulting in a tetragonal I4¯2d structure indistinguishable from I4¯3d Th3P4 in our experiments. If applicable to silicates, the formation of this highly coordinated and intrinsically disordered phase may have important implications for the interior mineralogy of large, rocky extrasolar planets.
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17
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Lobanov SS, Speziale S, Winkler B, Milman V, Refson K, Schifferle L. Electronic, Structural, and Mechanical Properties of SiO_{2} Glass at High Pressure Inferred from its Refractive Index. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:077403. [PMID: 35244414 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.077403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the first direct measurements of the refractive index of silica glass up to 145 GPa that allowed quantifying its density, bulk modulus, Lorenz-Lorentz polarizability, and band gap. These properties show two major anomalies at ∼10 and ∼40 GPa. The anomaly at ∼10 GPa signals the onset of the increase in Si coordination, and the anomaly at ∼40 GPa corresponds to a nearly complete vanishing of fourfold Si. More generally, we show that the compressibility and density of noncrystalline solids can be accurately measured in simple optical experiments up to at least 110 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey S Lobanov
- Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Sergio Speziale
- Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Björn Winkler
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, 334 Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Refson
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas Schifferle
- Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Golm 14476, Germany
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18
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Percolation transitions in compressed SiO 2 glasses. Nature 2021; 599:62-66. [PMID: 34732863 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous-amorphous transformations under pressure are generally explained by changes in the local structure from low- to higher-fold coordinated polyhedra1-4. However, as the notion of scale invariance at the critical thresholds has not been addressed, it is still unclear whether these transformations behave similarly to true phase transitions in related crystals and liquids. Here we report ab initio-based calculations of compressed silica (SiO2) glasses, showing that the structural changes from low- to high-density amorphous structures occur through a sequence of percolation transitions. When the pressure is increased to 82 GPa, a series of long-range ('infinite') percolating clusters composed of corner- or edge-shared tetrahedra, pentahedra and eventually octahedra emerge at critical pressures and replace the previous 'phase' of lower-fold coordinated polyhedra and lower connectivity. This mechanism provides a natural explanation for the well-known mechanical anomaly around 3 GPa, as well as the structural irreversibility beyond 10 GPa, among other features. Some of the amorphous structures that have been discovered mimic those of coesite IV and V crystals reported recently5,6, highlighting the major role of SiO5 pentahedron-based polyamorphs in the densification process of vitreous silica. Our results demonstrate that percolation theory provides a robust framework to understand the nature and pathway of amorphous-amorphous transformations and open a new avenue to predict unravelled amorphous solid states and related liquid phases7,8.
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19
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Drewitt JWE. Liquid structure under extreme conditions: high-pressure x-ray diffraction studies. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:503004. [PMID: 34544063 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Under extreme conditions of high pressure and temperature, liquids can undergo substantial structural transformations as their atoms rearrange to minimise energy within a more confined volume. Understanding the structural response of liquids under extreme conditions is important across a variety of disciplines, from fundamental physics and exotic chemistry to materials and planetary science.In situexperiments and atomistic simulations can provide crucial insight into the nature of liquid-liquid phase transitions and the complex phase diagrams and melting relations of high-pressure materials. Structural changes in natural magmas at the high-pressures experienced in deep planetary interiors can have a profound impact on their physical properties, knowledge of which is important to inform geochemical models of magmatic processes. Generating the extreme conditions required to melt samples at high-pressure, whilst simultaneously measuring their liquid structure, is a considerable challenge. The measurement, analysis, and interpretation of structural data is further complicated by the inherent disordered nature of liquids at the atomic-scale. However, recent advances in high-pressure technology mean that liquid diffraction measurements are becoming more routinely feasible at synchrotron facilities around the world. This topical review examines methods for high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction of liquids and the wide variety of systems which have been studied by them, from simple liquid metals and their remarkable complex behaviour at high-pressure, to molecular-polymeric liquid-liquid transitions in pnicogen and chalcogen liquids, and density-driven structural transformations in water and silicate melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W E Drewitt
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, H H Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
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20
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Ohara K, Onodera Y, Murakami M, Kohara S. Structure of disordered materials under ambient to extreme conditions revealed by synchrotron x-ray diffraction techniques at SPring-8-recent instrumentation and synergic collaboration with modelling and topological analyses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:383001. [PMID: 34286699 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The structure of disordered materials is still not well understood because of insufficient experimental data. Indeed, diffraction patterns from disordered materials are very broad and can be described only in pairwise correlations because of the absence of translational symmetry. Brilliant hard x-rays from third-generation synchrotron radiation sources enable us to obtain high-quality diffraction data for disordered materials from ambient to high temperature and high pressure, which has significantly improved our grasp of the nature of order in disordered materials. Here, we introduce the progress in the instrumentation for hard x-ray beamlines at SPring-8 over the last 20 years with associated results and advanced data analysis techniques to understand the topology in disordered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ohara
- Diffraction and Scattering Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yohei Onodera
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Kohara
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Earth Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
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21
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Solomatova NV, Caracas R. Buoyancy and Structure of Volatile-Rich Silicate Melts. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SOLID EARTH 2021; 126:e2020JB021045. [PMID: 33680690 PMCID: PMC7900987 DOI: 10.1029/2020jb021045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The early Earth was marked by at least one global magma ocean. Melt buoyancy played a major role for its evolution. Here we model the composition of the magma ocean using a six-component pyrolite melt, to which we add volatiles in the form of carbon as molecular CO or CO2 and hydrogen as molecular H2O or through substitution for magnesium. We compute the density relations from first-principles molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the addition of volatiles renders all the melts more buoyant compared to the reference volatile-free pyrolite. The effect is pressure dependent, largest at the surface, decreasing to about 20 GPa, and remaining roughly constant to 135 GPa. The increased buoyancy would have enhanced convection and turbulence, and thus promoted the chemical exchanges of the magma ocean with the early atmosphere. We determine the partial molar volume of both H2O and CO2 throughout the magma ocean conditions. We find a pronounced dependence with temperature at low pressures, whereas at megabar pressures the partial molar volumes are independent of temperature. At all pressures, the polymerization of the silicate melt is strongly affected by the amount of oxygen added to the system while being only weakly affected by the specific type of volatile added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Solomatova
- CNRSEcole Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon LGLTPE UMR5276Centre Blaise PascalLyonFrance
| | - Razvan Caracas
- CNRSEcole Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon LGLTPE UMR5276Centre Blaise PascalLyonFrance
- The Center for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED)University of OsloOsloNorway
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22
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Liu C, Shi J, Gao H, Wang J, Han Y, Lu X, Wang HT, Xing D, Sun J. Mixed Coordination Silica at Megabar Pressure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:035701. [PMID: 33543966 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.035701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silica (SiO_{2}), as a raw material of silicon, glass, ceramics, abrasive, and refractory substances, etc., is of significant importance in industrial applications and fundamental research such as electronics and planetary science. Here, using a crystal structure searching method and first-principles calculations, we predicted that a ground state crystalline phase of silica with R3[over ¯] symmetry is stable at around 645-890 GPa, which contains six-, eight-, and nine-coordinated silicon atoms and results in an average coordination number of eight. This mixed-coordination silica fills in the density, electronic band gap, and coordination number gaps between the previously known sixfold pyrite-type and ninefold Fe_{2}P-type phases, and may appear in the core or mantle of super-Earth exoplanets, or even the solar giant planets such as the Neptune. In addition, we also found that some silicon superoxides, Cmcm SiO_{3} and Ccce SiO_{6}, are stable in this pressure range and may appear in an oxygen-rich environment. Our finding enriches the high-pressure phase diagram of silicon oxides and improves understanding of the interior structure of giant planets in our solar system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiuyang Shi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hao Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu Han
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiancai Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hui-Tian Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dingyu Xing
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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23
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Kono Y, Shu Y, Kenney-Benson C, Wang Y, Shen G. Structural Evolution of SiO_{2} Glass with Si Coordination Number Greater than 6. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:205701. [PMID: 33258638 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.205701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pair distribution function measurement of SiO_{2} glass up to 120 GPa reveals changes in the first-, second-, and third-neighbor distances associated with an increase in Si coordination number C_{Si} to >6 above 95 GPa. Packing fractions of Si and O determined from the first- and second-neighbor distances show marked changes accompanied with the structural evolution from C_{Si}=6 to >6. Structural constraints in terms of ionic radius ratio of Si and O, and ratio of nonbonded radius to bonded Si─O distance support the structural evolution of SiO_{2} glass with C_{Si}>6 at high pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Kono
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yu Shu
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Curtis Kenney-Benson
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yanbin Wang
- GeoSoilEnviroCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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24
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Tracy SJ, Turneaure SJ, Duffy TS. Structural response of α-quartz under plate-impact shock compression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabb3913. [PMID: 32923639 PMCID: PMC7449673 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Because of its far-reaching applications in geophysics and materials science, quartz has been one of the most extensively examined materials under dynamic compression. Despite 50 years of active research, questions remain concerning the structure and transformation of SiO2 under shock compression. Continuum gas-gun studies have established that under shock loading quartz transforms through an assumed mixed-phase region to a dense high-pressure phase. While it has often been assumed that this high-pressure phase corresponds to the stishovite structure observed in static experiments, there have been no crystal structure data confirming this. In this study, we use gas-gun shock compression coupled with in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction to interrogate the crystal structure of shock-compressed α-quartz up to 65 GPa. Our results reveal that α-quartz undergoes a phase transformation to a disordered metastable phase as opposed to crystalline stishovite or an amorphous structure, challenging long-standing assumptions about the dynamic response of this fundamental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally June Tracy
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Stefan J. Turneaure
- Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Thomas S. Duffy
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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25
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Pruteanu CG, Naden Robinson V, Ansari N, Hassanali A, Scandolo S, Loveday JS. Squeezing Oil into Water under Pressure: Inverting the Hydrophobic Effect. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4826-4833. [PMID: 32496780 PMCID: PMC7467747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The molecular structure of dense homogeneous fluid water-methane mixtures has been determined for the first time using high-pressure neutron-scattering techniques at 1.7 and 2.2 GPa. A mixed state with a fully H-bonded water network is revealed. The hydration shell of the methane molecules is, however, revealed to be pressure-dependent with an increase in the water coordination between 1.7 and 2.2 GPa. In parallel, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to provide insight into the microscopic mechanisms associated with the phenomenon of mixing. These calculations reproduce the observed phase change from phase separation to mixing with increasing pressure. The calculations also reproduce the experimentally observed structural properties. Unexpectedly, the simulations show mixing is accompanied by a subtle enhancement of the polarization of methane. Our results highlight the key role played by fine electronic effects on miscibility and the need to readjust our fundamental understanding of hydrophobicity to account for these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciprian G. Pruteanu
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Naden Robinson
- The
“Abdus Salam” International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Narjes Ansari
- The
“Abdus Salam” International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ali Hassanali
- The
“Abdus Salam” International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sandro Scandolo
- The
“Abdus Salam” International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - John S. Loveday
- SUPA,
School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Science at Extreme
Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
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26
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In situ X-ray diffraction of silicate liquids and glasses under dynamic and static compression to megabar pressures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:11981-11986. [PMID: 32414927 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920470117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Properties of liquid silicates under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions are critical for modeling the dynamics and solidification mechanisms of the magma ocean in the early Earth, as well as for constraining entrainment of melts in the mantle and in the present-day core-mantle boundary. Here we present in situ structural measurements by X-ray diffraction of selected amorphous silicates compressed statically in diamond anvil cells (up to 157 GPa at room temperature) or dynamically by laser-generated shock compression (up to 130 GPa and 6,000 K along the MgSiO3 glass Hugoniot). The X-ray diffraction patterns of silicate glasses and liquids reveal similar characteristics over a wide pressure and temperature range. Beyond the increase in Si coordination observed at 20 GPa, we find no evidence for major structural changes occurring in the silicate melts studied up to pressures and temperatures exceeding Earth's core mantle boundary conditions. This result is supported by molecular dynamics calculations. Our findings reinforce the widely used assumption that the silicate glasses studies are appropriate structural analogs for understanding the atomic arrangement of silicate liquids at these high pressures.
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27
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Shu Y, Kono Y, Ohira I, Li Q, Hrubiak R, Park C, Kenney-Benson C, Wang Y, Shen G. Observation of 9-Fold Coordinated Amorphous TiO 2 at High Pressure. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:374-379. [PMID: 31867974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the structure in amorphous dioxides is important in many fields of science and engineering. Here we report new experimental results of high-pressure polyamorphism in amorphous TiO2 (a-TiO2). Our data show that the Ti coordination number (CN) increases from 7.2 ± 0.3 at ∼16 GPa to 8.8 ± 0.3 at ∼70 GPa and finally reaches a plateau at 8.9 ± 0.3 at ≲86 GPa. The evolution of the structural changes under pressure is rationalized by the ratio (γ) of the ionic radius of Ti to that of O. It appears that the CN ≈ 9 plateau correlates with the two 9-fold coordinated polymorphs (cotunnite, Fe2P) with different γ values. This CN-γ relationship is compared with those of a-SiO2 and a-GeO2, displaying remarkably consistent behavior between CN and γ. The unified CN-γ relationship may be generally used to predict the compression behavior of amorphous AO2 compounds under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shu
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Yoshio Kono
- Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institution of Washington , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Itaru Ohira
- Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institution of Washington , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Quanjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Rostislav Hrubiak
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Changyong Park
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Curtis Kenney-Benson
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources , The University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Guoyin Shen
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, X-ray Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
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28
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Lee SK, Kim YH, Yi YS, Chow P, Xiao Y, Ji C, Shen G. Oxygen Quadclusters in SiO_{2} Glass above Megabar Pressures up to 160 GPa Revealed by X-Ray Raman Scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:235701. [PMID: 31868455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.235701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As oxygen may occupy a major volume of oxides, a densification of amorphous oxides under extreme compression is dominated by reorganization of oxygen during compression. X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) spectra for SiO_{2} glass up to 1.6 Mbar reveal the evolution of heavily contracted oxygen environments characterized by a decrease in average O-O distance and the potential emergence of quadruply coordinated oxygen (oxygen quadcluster). Our results also reveal that the edge energies at the centers of gravity of the XRS features increase linearly with bulk density, yielding the first predictive relationship between the density and partial density of state of oxides above megabar pressures. The extreme densification paths with densified oxygen in amorphous oxides shed light upon the possible existence of stable melts in the planetary interiors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yoo Soo Yi
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Paul Chow
- HPCAT, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yuming Xiao
- HPCAT, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Cheng Ji
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- HPCAT, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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29
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Solomatova N, Caracas R. Pressure-Induced Coordination Changes in a Pyrolitic Silicate Melt From Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SOLID EARTH 2019; 124:11232-11250. [PMID: 32025456 PMCID: PMC6988478 DOI: 10.1029/2019jb018238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With ab initio molecular dynamics simulations on a Na-, Ca-, Fe-, Mg-, and Al-bearing silicate melt of pyrolite composition, we examine the detailed changes in elemental coordination as a function of pressure and temperature. We consider the average coordination as well as the proportion and distribution of coordination environments at pressures and temperatures encompassing the conditions at which molten silicates may exist in present-day Earth and those of the Early Earth's magma ocean. At ambient pressure and 2,000 K, we find that the average coordination of cations with respect to oxygen is 4.0 for Si-O, 4.0 for Al-O, 3.7 for Fe-O, 4.6 for Mg-O, 5.9 for Na-O, and 6.2 for Ca-O. Although the coordination for iron with respect to oxygen may be underestimated, the coordination number for all other cations are consistent with experiments. By 15 GPa (2,000 K), the average coordination for Si-O remains at 4.0 but increases to 4.1 for Al-O, 4.2 for Fe-O, 4.9 for Mg-O, 8.0 for Na-O, and 6.8 for Ca-O. The coordination environment for Na-O remains approximately constant up to core-mantle boundary conditions (135 GPa and 4000 K) but increases to about 6 for Si-O, 6.5 for Al-O, 6.5 for Fe-O, 8 for Mg-O, and 9.5 for Ca-O. We discuss our results in the context of the metal-silicate partitioning behavior of siderophile elements and the viscosity changes of silicate melts at upper mantle conditions. Our results have implications for melt properties, such as viscosity, transport coefficients, thermal conductivities, and electrical conductivities, and will help interpret experimental results on silicate glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.V. Solomatova
- CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5276LyonFrance
| | - R. Caracas
- CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de LyonLaboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5276LyonFrance
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30
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Cornet A, Martinet C, Martinez V, de Ligny D. Evidence of polyamorphic transitions during densified SiO2 glass annealing. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:164502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5121534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Cornet
- Institut Lumière Matière, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christine Martinet
- Institut Lumière Matière, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Valérie Martinez
- Institut Lumière Matière, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dominique de Ligny
- Department of Materials Science, Glass and Ceramics, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstra., D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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31
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Ultrahigh-pressure isostructural electronic transitions in hydrogen. Nature 2019; 573:558-562. [PMID: 31554980 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1565-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
High-pressure transitions are thought to modify hydrogen molecules to a molecular metallic solid and finally to an atomic metal1, which is predicted to have exotic physical properties and the topology of a two-component (electron and proton) superconducting superfluid condensate2,3. Therefore, understanding such transitions remains an important objective in condensed matter physics4,5. However, measurements of the crystal structure of solid hydrogen, which provides crucial information about the metallization of hydrogen under compression, are lacking for most high-pressure phases, owing to the considerable technical challenges involved in X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements under extreme conditions. Here we present a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of solid hydrogen at pressures of up to 254 gigapascals that reveals the crystallographic nature of the transitions from phase I to phases III and IV. Under compression, hydrogen molecules remain in the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) crystal lattice structure, accompanied by a monotonic increase in anisotropy. In addition, the pressure-dependent decrease of the unit cell volume exhibits a slope change when entering phase IV, suggesting a second-order isostructural phase transition. Our results indicate that the precursor to the exotic two-component atomic hydrogen may consist of electronic transitions caused by a highly distorted hcp Brillouin zone and molecular-symmetry breaking.
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32
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Penta- and hexa-coordinated beryllium and phosphorus in high-pressure modifications of CaBe 2P 2O 8. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2800. [PMID: 31243286 PMCID: PMC6594954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Beryllium oxides have been extensively studied due to their unique chemical properties and important technological applications. Typically, in inorganic compounds beryllium is tetrahedrally coordinated by oxygen atoms. Herein based on results of in situ single crystal X-ray diffraction studies and ab initio calculations we report on the high-pressure behavior of CaBe2P2O8, to the best of our knowledge the first compound showing a step-wise transition of Be coordination from tetrahedral (4) to octahedral (6) through trigonal bipyramidal (5). It is remarkable that the same transformation route is observed for phosphorus. Our theoretical analysis suggests that the sequence of structural transitions of CaBe2P2O8 is associated with the electronic transformation from predominantly molecular orbitals at low pressure to the state with overlapping electronic clouds of anions orbitals. Beryllium in inorganic compounds is usually coordinated to four oxygen atoms, but higher coordination numbers have been predicted. Here the authors observe a pressure induced stepwise transition in CaBe2P2O8 where Be coordination changes to trigonal-bipyramidal and octahedral, implying that d orbitals are not mandatory for high coordination.
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33
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Huy HA, Nguyen LT, Nguyen DLT, Truong TQ, Ong LK, Van Hoang V, Nguyen GH. Novel pressure-induced topological phase transitions of supercooled liquid and amorphous silicene. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:095403. [PMID: 30523966 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaf402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This molecular dynamics (MD) simulation carries a detailed analysis of a pressure-induced structural transition supercooled liquid and amorphous silicene (a-silicene). Low-density models of supercooled liquid and a-silicene containing 10 000 atoms are obtained by rapid cooling processes from the melts. Then, an a-silicene model at T = 1000 K, a supercooled liquid model at T = 1500 K and a liquid silicon model at T = 2000 K have been isothermally compressed step by step up to a high density in order to observe the pressure-induced structural changes. Specifically 'Cairo tiling' pentagonal and square lattices of silicene are discovered in our calculations. Structural properties of those penta-silicene and tetra-silicene models have been carefully analyzed through the radial distribution functions, interatomic distances, bond-angle distributions under high-pressure condition. The dependence of pressure on formation behaviors is calculated via pressure-volume and energy-density relationships. The first order transition from low-density supercooled liquid/amorphous silicene to high-density penta-silicene and continuous transition from low-density liquid to high-density tetra-silicene are discussed. Atomic mechanism and sp3/sp2 hybridization evolution are inspected whereas the role of low-membered ring defects/boundary promises remarkable application and advanced research in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Anh Huy
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
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34
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Bykova E, Bykov M, Černok A, Tidholm J, Simak SI, Hellman O, Belov MP, Abrikosov IA, Liermann HP, Hanfland M, Prakapenka VB, Prescher C, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L. Metastable silica high pressure polymorphs as structural proxies of deep Earth silicate melts. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4789. [PMID: 30442940 PMCID: PMC6237875 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Modelling of processes involving deep Earth liquids requires information on their structures and compression mechanisms. However, knowledge of the local structures of silicates and silica (SiO2) melts at deep mantle conditions and of their densification mechanisms is still limited. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of metastable high-pressure silica phases, coesite-IV and coesite-V, using in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ab initio simulations. Their crystal structures are drastically different from any previously considered models, but explain well features of pair-distribution functions of highly densified silica glass and molten basalt at high pressure. Built of four, five-, and six-coordinated silicon, coesite-IV and coesite-V contain SiO6 octahedra, which, at odds with 3rd Pauling's rule, are connected through common faces. Our results suggest that possible silicate liquids in Earth's lower mantle may have complex structures making them more compressible than previously supposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bykova
- Photon Sciences, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - M Bykov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Materials Modeling and Development Laboratory, National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Leninsky Avenue 4, 119049, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Černok
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - J Tidholm
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - S I Simak
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - O Hellman
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - M P Belov
- Materials Modeling and Development Laboratory, National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Leninsky Avenue 4, 119049, Moscow, Russia
| | - I A Abrikosov
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - H-P Liermann
- Photon Sciences, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - V B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - C Prescher
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 49b, 50674, Köln, Germany
| | - N Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - L Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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35
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Local structure of molten AuGa 2 under pressure: Evidence for coordination change and planetary implications. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6844. [PMID: 29717192 PMCID: PMC5931613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25297-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ x-ray diffraction measurements and inverse Monte Carlo simulations of pair distribution functions were used to characterize the local structure of molten AuGa2 up to 16 GPa and 940 K. Our results document systematic changes in liquid structure due to a combination of bond compression and coordination increase. Empirical potential structure refinement shows the first-neighbor coordination of Ga around Au and of Au around Ga to increase from about 8 to 10 and 4 to 5, respectively between 0 and 16 GPa, and the inferred changes in liquid structure can explain the observed melting-point depression of AuGa2 up to 5 GPa. As intermetallic AuGa2 is an analogue for metallic SiO2 at much higher pressures, our results imply that structural changes documented for non-metallic silicate melts below 100 GPa are followed by additional coordination changes in the metallic state at pressures in the 0.2–1 TPa range achieved inside large planets.
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36
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Tracy SJ, Turneaure SJ, Duffy TS. In situ X-Ray Diffraction of Shock-Compressed Fused Silica. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:135702. [PMID: 29694206 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.135702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of its widespread applications in materials science and geophysics, SiO_{2} has been extensively examined under shock compression. Both quartz and fused silica transform through a so-called "mixed-phase region" to a dense, low compressibility high-pressure phase. For decades, the nature of this phase has been a subject of debate. Proposed structures include crystalline stishovite, another high-pressure crystalline phase, or a dense amorphous phase. Here we use plate-impact experiments and pulsed synchrotron x-ray diffraction to examine the structure of fused silica shock compressed to 63 GPa. In contrast to recent laser-driven compression experiments, we find that fused silica adopts a dense amorphous structure at 34 GPa and below. When compressed above 34 GPa, fused silica transforms to untextured polycrystalline stishovite. Our results can explain previously ambiguous features of the shock-compression behavior of fused silica and are consistent with recent molecular dynamics simulations. Stishovite grain sizes are estimated to be ∼5-30 nm for compression over a few hundred nanosecond time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally June Tracy
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Stefan J Turneaure
- Institute for Shock Physics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2816, USA
| | - Thomas S Duffy
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Pressure-induced structural change in MgSiO 3 glass at pressures near the Earth's core-mantle boundary. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:1742-1747. [PMID: 29432162 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716748115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the structure and properties of silicate magma under extreme pressure plays an important role in understanding the nature and evolution of Earth's deep interior. Here we report the structure of MgSiO3 glass, considered an analog of silicate melts, up to 111 GPa. The first (r1) and second (r2) neighbor distances in the pair distribution function change rapidly, with r1 increasing and r2 decreasing with pressure. At 53-62 GPa, the observed r1 and r2 distances are similar to the Si-O and Si-Si distances, respectively, of crystalline MgSiO3 akimotoite with edge-sharing SiO6 structural motifs. Above 62 GPa, r1 decreases, and r2 remains constant, with increasing pressure until 88 GPa. Above this pressure, r1 remains more or less constant, and r2 begins decreasing again. These observations suggest an ultrahigh-pressure structural change around 88 GPa. The structure above 88 GPa is interpreted as having the closest edge-shared SiO6 structural motifs similar to those of the crystalline postperovskite, with densely packed oxygen atoms. The pressure of the structural change is broadly consistent with or slightly lower than that of the bridgmanite-to-postperovskite transition in crystalline MgSiO3 These results suggest that a structural change may occur in MgSiO3 melt under pressure conditions corresponding to the deep lower mantle.
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Petitgirard S, Malfait WJ, Journaux B, Collings IE, Jennings ES, Blanchard I, Kantor I, Kurnosov A, Cotte M, Dane T, Burghammer M, Rubie DC. SiO_{2} Glass Density to Lower-Mantle Pressures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:215701. [PMID: 29219420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.215701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The convection or settling of matter in the deep Earth's interior is mostly constrained by density variations between the different reservoirs. Knowledge of the density contrast between solid and molten silicates is thus of prime importance to understand and model the dynamic behavior of the past and present Earth. SiO_{2} is the main constituent of Earth's mantle and is the reference model system for the behavior of silicate melts at high pressure. Here, we apply our recently developed x-ray absorption technique to the density of SiO_{2} glass up to 110 GPa, doubling the pressure range for such measurements. Our density data validate recent molecular dynamics simulations and are in good agreement with previous experimental studies conducted at lower pressure. Silica glass rapidly densifies up to 40 GPa, but the density trend then flattens to become asymptotic to the density of SiO_{2} minerals above 60 GPa. The density data present two discontinuities at ∼17 and ∼60 GPa that can be related to a silicon coordination increase from 4 to a mixed 5/6 coordination and from 5/6 to sixfold, respectively. SiO_{2} glass becomes denser than MgSiO_{3} glass at ∼40 GPa, and its density becomes identical to that of MgSiO_{3} glass above 80 GPa. Our results on SiO_{2} glass may suggest that a variation of SiO_{2} content in a basaltic or pyrolitic melt with pressure has at most a minor effect on the final melt density, and iron partitioning between the melts and residual solids is the predominant factor that controls melt buoyancy in the lowermost mantle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wim J Malfait
- Laboratory for Building Energy Materials and Components, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Journaux
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement-UMR 5001, Université Grenoble Alpes CS 40700, 38 058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ines E Collings
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Eleanor S Jennings
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | - Ingrid Blanchard
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Kurnosov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | - Marine Cotte
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8220, Laboratoire d'archéologie moléculaire et structurale (LAMS), 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Dane
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Manfred Burghammer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - David C Rubie
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
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