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Farah CS, Shearston K, Melton PE, Fox SA. Genome-wide characterization of the mutational landscape of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 138:99-111. [PMID: 38760284 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a rare but highly aggressive variant of oral leukoplakia that almost inevitably progresses to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aims of this study were to perform whole exome sequencing of a cohort of patients diagnosed with PVL and identify potential mutational profiles and pathways in this disorder. STUDY DESIGN A total of 12 oral cavity mucosal biopsies from 6 patients with oral lesions clinically compatible with PVL were used. Of these, 9 were diagnosed as dysplasia, 1 OSCC, and 2 hyperkeratosis/hyperplasia. Exome sequencing used the Ion AmpliSeq Exome platform. Ion Reporter software was used for variant calling, annotation, and filtering. Analysis and visualization of somatic mutations was carried out using the MAFtools R package. RESULTS Following exome sequencing and mutational profiling, we analyzed the profiles for cancer associated genes and signatures. Genes previously associated with OSCC, including HYDIN, MUC16, MAML3, CDKN2A, FAT1, and CASP8, were mutated in multiple samples. Several DNA damage repair genes including PARP1 were mutated in PVL samples. NOTCH and Hippo pathways were the most frequently impacted by mutation. CONCLUSIONS This genome wide characterization of premalignant PVL identifies both known and potentially novel oncogenic mechanisms in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camile S Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, Nedlands WA, Australia; Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia; Genomics for Life, Milton QLD, Australia.
| | - Kate Shearston
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, Nedlands WA, Australia; UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA, Australia
| | - Phillip E Melton
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Simon A Fox
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, Nedlands WA, Australia; UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA, Australia
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Keggenhoff FL, Castven D, Becker D, Stojkovic S, Castven J, Zimpel C, Straub BK, Gerber T, Langer H, Hähnel P, Kindler T, Fahrer J, O'Rourke CJ, Ehmer U, Saborowski A, Ma L, Wang XW, Gaiser T, Matter MS, Sina C, Derer S, Lee JS, Roessler S, Kaina B, Andersen JB, Galle PR, Marquardt JU. PARP-1 selectively impairs KRAS-driven phenotypic and molecular features in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2023-331237. [PMID: 38857989 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is the second most common primary liver cancer with limited therapeutic options. KRAS mutations are among the most abundant genetic alterations in iCCA associated with poor clinical outcome and treatment response. Recent findings indicate that Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase1 (PARP-1) is implicated in KRAS-driven cancers, but its exact role in cholangiocarcinogenesis remains undefined. DESIGN PARP-1 inhibition was performed in patient-derived and established iCCA cells using RNAi, CRISPR/Cas9 and pharmacological inhibition in KRAS-mutant, non-mutant cells. In addition, Parp-1 knockout mice were combined with iCCA induction by hydrodynamic tail vein injection to evaluate an impact on phenotypic and molecular features of Kras-driven and Kras-wildtype iCCA. Clinical implications were confirmed in authentic human iCCA. RESULTS PARP-1 was significantly enhanced in KRAS-mutant human iCCA. PARP-1-based interventions preferentially impaired cell viability and tumourigenicity in human KRAS-mutant cell lines. Consistently, loss of Parp-1 provoked distinct phenotype in Kras/Tp53-induced versus Akt/Nicd-induced iCCA and abolished Kras-dependent cholangiocarcinogenesis. Transcriptome analyses confirmed preferential impairment of DNA damage response pathways and replicative stress response mediated by CHK1. Consistently, inhibition of CHK1 effectively reversed PARP-1 mediated effects. Finally, Parp-1 depletion induced molecular switch of KRAS-mutant iCCA recapitulating good prognostic human iCCA patients. CONCLUSION Our findings identify the novel prognostic and therapeutic role of PARP-1 in iCCA patients with activation of oncogenic KRAS signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike L Keggenhoff
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Darko Castven
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Diana Becker
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stojan Stojkovic
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jovana Castven
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carolin Zimpel
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Beate K Straub
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Tissue Biobank of the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tiemo Gerber
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Langer
- Cardiology Angiology, University Medical Centre, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patricia Hähnel
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Kindler
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Fahrer
- Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Colm J O'Rourke
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Ursula Ehmer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat, München, Germany
| | - Anna Saborowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lichun Ma
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias S Matter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefanie Derer
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephanie Roessler
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kaina
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Peter R Galle
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens U Marquardt
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Amor-Guéret M. Loss of cytidine deaminase expression as a potential attempt to counteract the process of carcinogenesis by reducing basal PARP-1 activity and increasing tau levels. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167213. [PMID: 38714266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Cytidine deaminase (CDA) is a pyrimidine salvage pathway enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of free cytidine and deoxycytidine to uridine and deoxyuridine, respectively. Our team discovered that CDA deficiency is associated with several aspects of genetic instability, such as increased sister chromatid exchange and ultrafine anaphase bridge frequencies. Based on these results, we sought (1) to determine how CDA deficiency contributes to genetic instability, (2) to explore the possible relationships between CDA deficiency and carcinogenesis, and (3) to develop a new anticancer treatment targeting CDA-deficient tumors. This review summarizes our major findings indicating that CDA deficiency is associated with a genetic instability that does not confer an increased cancer risk. In light of our results and published data, I propose a novel hypothesis that loss of CDA, by reducing basal PARP-1 activity and increasing Tau levels, may reflect an attempt to prevent, slow or reverse the process of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Amor-Guéret
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3348, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Universitaire, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France.
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Singla S, Jena G. Studies on the mechanism of local and extra-intestinal tissue manifestations in AOM-DSS-induced carcinogenesis in BALB/c mice: role of PARP-1, NLRP3, and autophagy. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4321-4337. [PMID: 38091080 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CACC) is one of the devastating complications of long-term inflammatory bowel disease and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Combination of azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) has been extensively used for inflammation-mediated colon tumor development due to its reproducibility, potency, histological and molecular changes, and resemblance to human CACC. In the tumor microenvironment and extra-intestinal tissues, PARP-1, NLRP3 inflammasome, and autophagy's biological functions are complicated and encompass intricate interactions between these molecular components. The focus of the present investigation is to determine the colonic and extra-intestinal tissue damage induced by AOM-DSS and related molecular mechanisms. Azoxymethane (10 mg/kg, i.p.; single injection) followed by DSS (3 cycles, 7 days per cycle) over a period of 10 weeks induced colitis-associated colon cancer in male BALB/c mice. By initiating carcinogenesis with a single injection of azoxymethane (AOM) and then establishing inflammation with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), a two-stage murine model for CACC was developed. Biochemical parameters, ELISA, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis, and western blotting have been performed to evaluate the colonic, hepatic, testicular and pancreatic damage. In addition, the AOM/DSS-induced damage has been assessed by analyzing the expression of a variety of molecular targets, including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), interleukin-10 (IL-10), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), cysteine-associated protein kinase-1 (caspase-1), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), beclin-1, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Present findings revealed that AOM/DSS developed tumors in colon tissue followed by extra-intestinal hepatic, testicular, and pancreatic damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Singla
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S, Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S, Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
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Qiao X, Sun J, Ren P, Guo H, Xu H, Bao C, Jiang C. Integrated single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptome sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing highlights the molecular characteristics of parthanatos in gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5471-5500. [PMID: 38499384 PMCID: PMC11006479 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parthanatos is a novel programmatic form of cell death based on DNA damage and PARP-1 dependency. Nevertheless, its specific role in the context of gastric cancer (GC) remains uncertain. METHODS In this study, we integrated multi-omics algorithms to investigate the molecular characteristics of parthanatos in GC. A series of bioinformatics algorithms were utilized to explore clinical heterogeneity of GC and further predict the clinical outcomes. RESULTS Firstly, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the omics features of parthanatos in various human tumors, including genomic mutations, transcriptome expression, and prognostic relevance. We successfully identified 7 cell types within the GC microenvironment: myeloid cell, epithelial cell, T cell, stromal cell, proliferative cell, B cell, and NK cell. When compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues, single-cell sequencing results from GC tissues revealed elevated scores for the parthanatos pathway across multiple cell types. Spatial transcriptomics, for the first time, unveiled the spatial distribution characteristics of parthanatos signaling. GC patients with different parthanatos signals often exhibited distinct immune microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming features, leading to different clinical outcomes. The integration of parthanatos signaling and clinical indicators enabled the creation of novel survival curves that accurately assess patients' survival times and statuses. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the molecular characteristics of parthanatos' unicellular and spatial transcriptomics in GC were revealed for the first time. Our model based on parthanatos signals can be used to distinguish individual heterogeneity and predict clinical outcomes in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaao Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pingping Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chongchan Bao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology in Tumors of Guangxi, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunmeng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Brockmueller A, Buhrmann C, Moravejolahkami AR, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol and p53: How are they involved in CRC plasticity and apoptosis? J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00005-5. [PMID: 38190940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC), which is mainly caused by epigenetic and lifestyle factors, is very often associated with functional plasticity during its development. In addition, the malignant plasticity of CRC cells underscores one of their survival abilities to functionally adapt to specific stresses, including inflammation, that occur during carcinogenesis. This leads to the generation of various subsets of cancer cells with phenotypic diversity and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), formation of cancer cell stem cells (CSCs) and metabolic reprogramming. This can enhance cancer cell differentiation and facilitate tumorigenic potential, drug resistance and metastasis. AIM OF REVIEW The tumor protein p53 acts as one of the central suppressors of carcinogenesis by regulating its target genes, whose proteins are involved in the plasticity of cancer cells, autophagy, cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest published research on resveratrol's effect in the prevention of CRC, its regulatory actions, specifically on the p53 pathway, and its treatment options. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, is a potent inducer of a variety of tumor-controlling. However, the underlying mechanisms linking the p53 signaling pathway to the functional anti-plasticity effect of resveratrol in CRC are still poorly understood. Therefore, this review discusses novel relationships between anti-cellular plasticity/heterogeneity, pro-apoptosis and modulation of tumor protein p53 signaling in CRC oncogenesis, as one of the crucial mechanisms by which resveratrol prevents malignant phenotypic changes leading to cell migration and drug resistance, thus improving the ongoing treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze Buhrmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Amir Reza Moravejolahkami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
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Skouteris N, Papageorgiou G. PARP Inhibitors in Colorectal Malignancies: A 2023 Update. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2024; 19:101-108. [PMID: 38058097 DOI: 10.2174/0115748871260815231116060817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the Western world, and metastatic disease is associated with a dismal prognosis. Poly-ADpribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors gain increasing attention in the field of medical oncology, as they lead to synthetic lethality in malignancies with preexisting alterations in the DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway. As those alterations are frequently seen in CRC, a targeted approach through PARP inhibitors is expected to benefit these patients, both alone and in combination with other agents like chemotherapy, immunotherapy, antiangiogenics, and radiation. OBJECTIVE This review article aims to better clarify the role of PARP inhibitors as a treatment option in patients with metastatic CRC with alterations in the DDR pathway. METHODS We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were all human studies that illustrated the effective role of PARP inhibitors in patients with metastatic CRC with homologous repair deficiency (HRD) and the correct line of therapy. RESULTS Current evidence supports the utilization of PARP inhibitors in CRC subgroups, as monotherapy and in combination with other agents. Up to now, data are insufficient to support a formal indication, and further research is needed. CONCLUSION Efforts to precisely define the homologous repair deficiency (HRD) in CRC - and eventually the subgroup of patients that are expected to benefit the most - are also underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Skouteris
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Medicine, "Metaxa" Cancer Hospital, 51 Botassi Street, 18537 Piraeus, Greece
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Kopiasz Ł, Dziendzikowska K, Oczkowski M, Harasym J, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. Low-molar-mass oat beta-glucan impacts autophagy and apoptosis in early stages of induced colorectal carcinogenesis in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127832. [PMID: 37924897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Oat beta-glucan is one of the soluble dietary fibre fractions with a wide spectrum of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour properties. In the present study, the effect of low-molar-mass oat beta-glucan isolate (OβGl) on the level of autophagy and apoptosis in the colorectum of rats with induced early stages of colorectal cancer was investigated. Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two main groups: control and azoxymethane-induced early-stage colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC). Both groups were divided into three dietary subgroups fed standard feed without OβGl (OβGl-), with 1 % of OβGl (OβGl+1 %) or with 3 % of OβGl (OβGl+3 %). The expression of autophagy (LC3B, beclin-1) and apoptosis (caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, BAX, BCL-2 and PARP-1) markers was determined by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and PCR analysis. The obtained results showed that the expression of LC3B, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in the CRC mucosa, and LC3B-II expression in the CRC wall were higher in the OβGl+3 % compared to the OβGl- rats. A higher BAX/BCL-2 ratio was also observed in the CRC OβGl+1 % rats compared to the other CRC animals. In summary, OβGl+3 % has a modulatory effect, stimulating autophagy and the extrinsic apoptosis pathway, while OβGl+1 % has a stimulatory effect on the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kopiasz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Dziendzikowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Michał Oczkowski
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Harasym
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Cacciola NA, Venneri T, Salzano A, D'Onofrio N, Martano M, Saggese A, Vinale F, Neglia G, Campanile C, Baccigalupi L, Maiolino P, Cuozzo M, Russo R, Balestrieri ML, D'Occhio MJ, Ricca E, Borrelli F, Campanile G. Chemopreventive effect of a milk whey by-product derived from Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in protecting from colorectal carcinogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:245. [PMID: 37730576 PMCID: PMC10510155 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies show that natural foods are a source of compounds with anticancer properties that affect the gut microbiota and its metabolites. In the present study, we investigate the effect of a delactosed buffalo milk whey by-product (DMW) on colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS The effect of DMW on colorectal carcinoma (CRC) was investigated in the established mouse model of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon carcinoma, which closely resembles the human clinical condition of CRC. The effect of DMW on CRC immortalized cell lines was also evaluated to further identify the antineoplastic mechanism of action. RESULTS Pretreatment of AOM-treated mice with DMW significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the percentage of mice bearing both aberrant crypt foci with more than four crypts (which are early precancerous lesions that progress to CRC) and tumors. In addition, DMW completely counteracted the effect of AOM on protein expression of caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase in colonic tissue. Administration of DMW alone (i.e. without AOM) resulted in changes in the composition of the gut microbiota, leading to enrichment or depletion of genera associated with health and disease, respectively. DMW was also able to restore AOM-induced changes in specific genera of the gut microbiota. Specifically, DMW reduced the genera Atopobiaceae, Ruminococcus 1 and Lachnospiraceae XPB1014 and increased the genera Parabacteroides and Candidatus Saccharimonas, which were increased and reduced, respectively, by AOM. Blood levels of butyric acid and cancer diagnostic markers (5-methylcytidine and glycerophosphocholine), which were increased by AOM treatment, were reduced by DMW. Furthermore, DMW exerted cytotoxic effects on two human CRC cell lines (HCT116 and HT29) and these effects were associated with the induction of apoptotic signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DMW exerts chemopreventive effects and restores the gut microbiota in AOM-induced CRC, and induces cytotoxic effect on CRC cells. DMW could be an important dietary supplement to support a healthy gut microbiota and reduce the prevalence of CRC in humans. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Antonio Cacciola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Tommaso Venneri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio, 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Manuela Martano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Anella Saggese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via V. Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Francesco Vinale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Ciro Campanile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR-IGB), Via P. Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Loredana Baccigalupi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Paola Maiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Cuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio, 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Michael John D'Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Ezio Ricca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via V. Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Francesca Borrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
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Maru B, Messikommer A, Huang L, Seipel K, Kovecses O, Valk PJM, Theocharides APA, Mercier FE, Pabst T, McKeague M, Luedtke NW. PARP-1 improves leukemia outcomes by inducing parthanatos during chemotherapy. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101191. [PMID: 37683650 PMCID: PMC10518631 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous chemotherapy research has focused almost exclusively on apoptosis. Here, a standard frontline drug combination of cytarabine and idarubicin induces distinct features of caspase-independent, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1)-mediated programmed cell death "parthanatos" in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines (n = 3/10 tested), peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy human donors (n = 10/10 tested), and primary cell samples from patients with AML (n = 18/39 tested, French-American-British subtypes M4 and M5). A 3-fold improvement in survival rates is observed in the parthanatos-positive versus -negative patient groups (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.28-0.37, p = 0.002-0.046). Manipulation of PARP-1 activity in parthanatos-competent cells reveals higher drug sensitivity in cells that have basal PARP-1 levels as compared with those subjected to PARP-1 overexpression or suppression. The same trends are observed in RNA expression databases and support the conclusion that PARP-1 can have optimal levels for favorable chemotherapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruktawit Maru
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Linhui Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katja Seipel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Kovecses
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter J M Valk
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre P A Theocharides
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francois E Mercier
- Division of Hematology and Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maureen McKeague
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Nathan W Luedtke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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11
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Audebert M, Assmann AS, Azqueta A, Babica P, Benfenati E, Bortoli S, Bouwman P, Braeuning A, Burgdorf T, Coumoul X, Debizet K, Dusinska M, Ertych N, Fahrer J, Fetz V, Le Hégarat L, López de Cerain A, Heusinkveld HJ, Hogeveen K, Jacobs MN, Luijten M, Raitano G, Recoules C, Rundén-Pran E, Saleh M, Sovadinová I, Stampar M, Thibol L, Tomkiewicz C, Vettorazzi A, Van de Water B, El Yamani N, Zegura B, Oelgeschläger M. New approach methodologies to facilitate and improve the hazard assessment of non-genotoxic carcinogens-a PARC project. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1220998. [PMID: 37492623 PMCID: PMC10364052 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1220998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenic chemicals, or their metabolites, can be classified as genotoxic or non-genotoxic carcinogens (NGTxCs). Genotoxic compounds induce DNA damage, which can be detected by an established in vitro and in vivo battery of genotoxicity assays. For NGTxCs, DNA is not the primary target, and the possible modes of action (MoA) of NGTxCs are much more diverse than those of genotoxic compounds, and there is no specific in vitro assay for detecting NGTxCs. Therefore, the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential is still dependent on long-term studies in rodents. This 2-year bioassay, mainly applied for testing agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, is time-consuming, costly and requires very high numbers of animals. More importantly, its relevance for human risk assessment is questionable due to the limited predictivity for human cancer risk, especially with regard to NGTxCs. Thus, there is an urgent need for a transition to new approach methodologies (NAMs), integrating human-relevant in vitro assays and in silico tools that better exploit the current knowledge of the multiple processes involved in carcinogenesis into a modern safety assessment toolbox. Here, we describe an integrative project that aims to use a variety of novel approaches to detect the carcinogenic potential of NGTxCs based on different mechanisms and pathways involved in carcinogenesis. The aim of this project is to contribute suitable assays for the safety assessment toolbox for an efficient and improved, internationally recognized hazard assessment of NGTxCs, and ultimately to contribute to reliable mechanism-based next-generation risk assessment for chemical carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Audebert
- INRAE: Toxalim, INRAE, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ann-Sophie Assmann
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UNAV: University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX: RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- IRFMN: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sylvie Bortoli
- INSERM: INSERM UMR-S 1124 T3S—Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Peter Bouwman
- UL-LACDR: Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Burgdorf
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM: INSERM UMR-S 1124 T3S—Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kloé Debizet
- INSERM: INSERM UMR-S 1124 T3S—Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU: The Climate and Environmental Research Institute, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Norman Ertych
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Fahrer
- Department of Chemistry, RPTU: Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Verena Fetz
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludovic Le Hégarat
- ANSES: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Adela López de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UNAV: University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Harm J. Heusinkveld
- RIVM: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Kevin Hogeveen
- ANSES: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Miriam N. Jacobs
- Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UKHSA: UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Luijten
- RIVM: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Giuseppa Raitano
- IRFMN: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cynthia Recoules
- INRAE: Toxalim, INRAE, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Elise Rundén-Pran
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU: The Climate and Environmental Research Institute, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Mariam Saleh
- ANSES: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Iva Sovadinová
- RECETOX: RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martina Stampar
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, NIB: National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lea Thibol
- Department of Chemistry, RPTU: Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UNAV: University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bob Van de Water
- UL-LACDR: Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Naouale El Yamani
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU: The Climate and Environmental Research Institute, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Bojana Zegura
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, NIB: National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michael Oelgeschläger
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Klapp V, Álvarez-Abril B, Leuzzi G, Kroemer G, Ciccia A, Galluzzi L. The DNA Damage Response and Inflammation in Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1521-1545. [PMID: 37026695 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Genomic stability in normal cells is crucial to avoid oncogenesis. Accordingly, multiple components of the DNA damage response (DDR) operate as bona fide tumor suppressor proteins by preserving genomic stability, eliciting the demise of cells with unrepairable DNA lesions, and engaging cell-extrinsic oncosuppression via immunosurveillance. That said, DDR sig-naling can also favor tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Indeed, DDR signaling in cancer cells has been consistently linked to the inhibition of tumor-targeting immune responses. Here, we discuss the complex interactions between the DDR and inflammation in the context of oncogenesis, tumor progression, and response to therapy. SIGNIFICANCE Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that DDR is intimately connected to the emission of immunomodulatory signals by normal and malignant cells, as part of a cell-extrinsic program to preserve organismal homeostasis. DDR-driven inflammation, however, can have diametrically opposed effects on tumor-targeting immunity. Understanding the links between the DDR and inflammation in normal and malignant cells may unlock novel immunotherapeutic paradigms to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Klapp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Tumor Stroma Interactions, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Beatriz Álvarez-Abril
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Leuzzi
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Ciccia
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, New York
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13
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Rivera-Mejías P, Narbona-Pérez ÁJ, Hasberg L, Kroczek L, Bahat A, Lawo S, Folz-Donahue K, Schumacher AL, Ahola S, Mayer FC, Giavalisco P, Nolte H, Lavandero S, Langer T. The mitochondrial protease OMA1 acts as a metabolic safeguard upon nuclear DNA damage. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112332. [PMID: 37002921 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic plasticity of mitochondria ensures cell development, differentiation, and survival. The peptidase OMA1 regulates mitochondrial morphology via OPA1 and stress signaling via DELE1 and orchestrates tumorigenesis and cell survival in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Here, we use unbiased systems-based approaches to show that OMA1-dependent cell survival depends on metabolic cues. A metabolism-focused CRISPR screen combined with an integrated analysis of human gene expression data found that OMA1 protects against DNA damage. Nucleotide deficiencies induced by chemotherapeutic agents promote p53-dependent apoptosis of cells lacking OMA1. The protective effect of OMA1 does not depend on OMA1 activation or OMA1-mediated OPA1 and DELE1 processing. OMA1-deficient cells show reduced glycolysis and accumulate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins upon DNA damage. OXPHOS inhibition restores glycolysis and confers resistance against DNA damage. Thus, OMA1 dictates the balance between cell death and survival through the control of glucose metabolism, shedding light on its role in cancerogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rivera-Mejías
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Advanced Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | | | - Lidwina Hasberg
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lara Kroczek
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Amir Bahat
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Lawo
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kat Folz-Donahue
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Sofia Ahola
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Center for Advanced Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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14
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Haas M, Wirachowski K, Thibol L, Küpper JH, Schrenk D, Fahrer J. Potency ranking of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in metabolically competent human liver cancer cells and primary human hepatocytes using a genotoxicity test battery. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1413-1428. [PMID: 36928417 PMCID: PMC10110667 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) occur as contaminants in plant-based foods and herbal medicines. Following metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, PAs induce DNA damage, hepatotoxicity and can cause liver cancer in rodents. There is ample evidence that the chemical structure of PAs determines their toxicity. However, more quantitative genotoxicity data are required, particularly in primary human hepatocytes (PHH). Here, the genotoxicity of eleven structurally different PAs was investigated in human HepG2 liver cells with CYP3A4 overexpression and PHH using an in vitro test battery. Furthermore, the data were subject to benchmark dose (BMD) modeling to derive the genotoxic potency of individual PAs. The cytotoxicity was initially determined in HepG2-CYP3A4 cells, revealing a clear structure-toxicity relationship for the PAs. Importantly, experiments in PHH confirmed the structure-dependent toxicity and cytotoxic potency ranking of the tested PAs. The genotoxicity markers γH2AX and p53 as well as the alkaline Comet assay consistently demonstrated a structure-dependent genotoxicity of PAs in HepG2-CYP3A4 cells, correlating well with their cytotoxic potency. BMD modeling yielded BMD values in the range of 0.1-10 µM for most cyclic and open diesters, followed by the monoesters. While retrorsine showed the highest genotoxic potency, monocrotaline and lycopsamine displayed the lowest genotoxicity. Finally, experiments in PHH corroborated the genotoxic potency ranking, and revealed genotoxic effects even in the absence of detectable cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our findings strongly support the concept of grouping PAs into potency classes and help to pave the way for a broader acceptance of relative potency factors in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Haas
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Karina Wirachowski
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Lea Thibol
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jan-Heiner Küpper
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Environment and Nature Science, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Schrenk
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jörg Fahrer
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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15
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Onclercq-Delic R, Buhagiar-Labarchède G, Leboucher S, Larcher T, Ledevin M, Machon C, Guitton J, Amor-Guéret M. Cytidine deaminase deficiency in mice enhances genetic instability but limits the number of chemically induced colon tumors. Cancer Lett 2023; 555:216030. [PMID: 36496104 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cytidine deaminase (CDA) catalyzes the deamination of cytidine (C) and deoxycytidine (dC) to uridine and deoxyuridine, respectively. We recently showed that CDA deficiency leads to genomic instability, a hallmark of cancers. We therefore investigated whether constitutive CDA inactivation conferred a predisposition to cancer development. We developed a novel mouse model of Cda deficiency by generating Cda-knockout mice. Cda+/+ and Cda-/- mice did not differ in lifetime phenotypic or behavioral characteristics, or in the frequency or type of spontaneous cancers. However, the frequency of chemically induced tumors in the colon was significantly lower in Cda-/- mice. An analysis of primary kidney cells from Cda-/- mice revealed an excess of C and dC associated with significantly higher frequencies of sister chromatid exchange and ultrafine anaphase bridges and lower Parp-1 activity than in Cda+/+ cells. Our results suggest that, despite inducing genetic instability, an absence of Cda limits the number of chemically induced tumors. These results raise questions about whether a decrease in basal Parp-1 activity can protect against inflammation-driven tumorigenesis; we discuss our findings in light of published data for the Parp-1-deficient mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosine Onclercq-Delic
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3348, Centre Universitaire, 91405, Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Universitaire, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Géraldine Buhagiar-Labarchède
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3348, Centre Universitaire, 91405, Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Universitaire, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Sophie Leboucher
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3348, Centre Universitaire, 91405, Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Universitaire, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France
| | | | | | - Christelle Machon
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Guitton
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; Laboratoire de Toxicologie, ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mounira Amor-Guéret
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3348, Centre Universitaire, 91405, Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Universitaire, UMR 3348, 91405, Orsay, France.
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16
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Metzger R, Winter L, Bouznad N, Garzetti D, von Armansperg B, Rokavec M, Lutz K, Schäfer Y, Krebs S, Winheim E, Friedrich V, Matzek D, Öllinger R, Rad R, Stecher B, Hermeking H, Brocker T, Krug AB. CCL17 Promotes Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis Dependent on the Microbiota. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:2227-2238. [PMID: 36426975 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers and a major cause of mortality. Proinflammatory and antitumor immune responses play critical roles in colitis-associated colon cancer. CCL17, a chemokine of the C-C family and ligand for CCR4, is expressed by intestinal dendritic cells in the steady state and is upregulated during colitis in mouse models and inflammatory bowel disease patients. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and functional relevance of CCL17 for colitis-associated colon tumor development using CCL17-enhanced GFP-knockin mice. CCL17 was highly expressed by dendritic cells but also upregulated in macrophages and intermediary monocytes in colon tumors induced by exposure to azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate. Despite a similar degree of inflammation in the colon, CCL17-deficient mice developed fewer tumors than did CCL17-competent mice. This protective effect was abrogated by cohousing, indicating a dependency on the microbiota. Changes in microbiota diversity and composition were detected in separately housed CCL17-deficient mice, and these mice were more susceptible to azoxymethane-induced early apoptosis in the colon affecting tumor initiation. Immune cell infiltration in colitis-induced colon tumors was not affected by the lack of CCL17. Taken together, our results indicate that CCL17 promotes colitis-associated tumorigenesis by influencing the composition of the intestinal microbiome and reducing apoptosis during tumor initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Metzger
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lis Winter
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nassim Bouznad
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Debora Garzetti
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt von Armansperg
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matjaz Rokavec
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Lutz
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Schäfer
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Krebs
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elena Winheim
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Verena Friedrich
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dana Matzek
- Core Facility Animal Models, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany; and.,German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bärbel Stecher
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Hermeking
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany; and.,German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Brocker
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne B Krug
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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17
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Upregulation of PARG in prostate cancer cells suppresses their malignant behavior and downregulates tumor-promoting genes. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113504. [PMID: 36076593 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of nuclear proteins through the addition of poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr) moieties is upregulated in many metastatic cancers, where the high levels of pADPr have often been associated with poor cancer prognosis. Although the inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) have been utilized as potent anti-cancer agents, their efficacy in clinical trials varied among patient groups and has often been unpredictable. Such outcome cannot be interpreted solely by the inability to keep PARP-driven DNA repair in check. The focus of studies on PARP-driven tumorigenesis have recently been shifted toward PARP-dependent regulation of transcription. Here we utilized the controlled overexpression of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), a sole pADPr-degrading enzyme, to investigate pADPr-dependent gene regulation in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. We demonstrated that PARG upregulation reduces pADPr levels and inhibits the expression of genes in key tumor-promoted pathways, including TNFα/NF-kB, IL6/STAT3, MYC, and KRAS signaling, the genes involved in inflammation response, especially chemokines, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. The observed effect of PARG on transcription was consistent across all tested prostate cancer cell lines and correlates with PARG-induced reduction of clonogenic potential of PC-3 cells in vitro and a significant growth inhibition of PC-3-derived tumors in nude mice in vivo.
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18
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A Double-Edged Sword: The Two Faces of PARylation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179826. [PMID: 36077221 PMCID: PMC9456079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a post-translational modification process. Following the discovery of PARP-1, numerous studies have demonstrated the role of PARylation in the DNA damage and repair responses for cellular stress and DNA damage. Originally, studies on PARylation were confined to PARP-1 activation in the DNA repair pathway. However, the interplay between PARylation and DNA repair suggests that PARylation is important for the efficiency and accuracy of DNA repair. PARylation has contradicting roles; however, recent evidence implicates its importance in inflammation, metabolism, and cell death. These differences might be dependent on specific cellular conditions or experimental models used, and suggest that PARylation may play two opposing roles in cellular homeostasis. Understanding the role of PARylation in cellular function is not only important for identifying novel therapeutic approaches; it is also essential for gaining insight into the mechanisms of unexplored diseases. In this review, we discuss recent reports on the role of PARylation in mediating diverse cellular functions and homeostasis, such as DNA repair, inflammation, metabolism, and cell death.
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19
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Navas LE, Carnero A. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) Metabolism as a Relevant Target in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172627. [PMID: 36078035 PMCID: PMC9454445 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD+ is an important metabolite in cell homeostasis that acts as an essential cofactor in oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions in various energy production processes, such as the Krebs cycle, fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis and serine biosynthesis. Furthermore, high NAD+ levels are required since they also participate in many other nonredox molecular processes, such as DNA repair, posttranslational modifications, cell signalling, senescence, inflammatory responses and apoptosis. In these nonredox reactions, NAD+ is an ADP-ribose donor for enzymes such as sirtuins (SIRTs), poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPRs). Therefore, to meet both redox and nonredox NAD+ demands, tumour cells must maintain high NAD+ levels, enhancing their synthesis mainly through the salvage pathway. NAMPT, the rate-limiting enzyme of this pathway, has been identified as an oncogene in some cancer types. Thus, NAMPT has been proposed as a suitable target for cancer therapy. NAMPT inhibition causes the depletion of NAD+ content in the cell, leading to the inhibition of ATP synthesis. This effect can cause a decrease in tumour cell proliferation and cell death, mainly by apoptosis. Therefore, in recent years, many specific inhibitors of NAMPT have been developed, and some of them are currently in clinical trials. Here we review the NAD metabolism as a cancer therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola E. Navas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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20
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Peng F, Liao M, Qin R, Zhu S, Peng C, Fu L, Chen Y, Han B. Regulated cell death (RCD) in cancer: key pathways and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:286. [PMID: 35963853 PMCID: PMC9376115 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD), also well-known as programmed cell death (PCD), refers to the form of cell death that can be regulated by a variety of biomacromolecules, which is distinctive from accidental cell death (ACD). Accumulating evidence has revealed that RCD subroutines are the key features of tumorigenesis, which may ultimately lead to the establishment of different potential therapeutic strategies. Hitherto, targeting the subroutines of RCD with pharmacological small-molecule compounds has been emerging as a promising therapeutic avenue, which has rapidly progressed in many types of human cancers. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing not only the key apoptotic and autophagy-dependent cell death signaling pathways, but the crucial pathways of other RCD subroutines, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, entosis, NETosis and lysosome-dependent cell death (LCD) in cancer. Moreover, we further discuss the current situation of several small-molecule compounds targeting the different RCD subroutines to improve cancer treatment, such as single-target, dual or multiple-target small-molecule compounds, drug combinations, and some new emerging therapeutic strategies that would together shed new light on future directions to attack cancer cell vulnerabilities with small-molecule drugs targeting RCD for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Leilei Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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21
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Johnson S, Karpova Y, Guo D, Ghatak A, Markov DA, Tulin AV. PARG suppresses tumorigenesis and downregulates genes controlling angiogenesis, inflammatory response, and immune cell recruitment. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:557. [PMID: 35585513 PMCID: PMC9118775 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are highly expressed in tumor microenvironment and play a critical role in all aspects of tumorigenesis, including the recruitment of tumor-promoting immune cells, activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, angiogenesis, metastasis, and growth. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a multi-target transcription regulator with high levels of poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr) being reported in a variety of cancers. Furthermore, poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), an enzyme that degrades pADPr, has been reported to be downregulated in tumor tissues with abnormally high levels of pADPr. In conjunction to this, we have recently reported that the reduction of pADPr, by either pharmacological inhibition of PARP or PARG's overexpression, disrupts renal carcinoma cell malignancy in vitro. Here, we use 3 T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts, a universal model for malignant transformation, to follow the effect of PARG upregulation on cells' tumorigenicity in vivo. We found that the overexpression of PARG in mouse allografts produces significantly smaller tumors with a delay in tumor onset. As downregulation of PARG has also been implicated in promoting the activation of pro-inflammatory genes, we also followed the gene expression profile of PARG-overexpressing 3 T3 cells using RNA-seq approach and observed that chemokine transcripts are significantly reduced in those cells. Our data suggest that the upregulation of PARG may be potentially useful for the tumor growth inhibition in cancer treatment and as anti-inflammatory intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
| | - Yaroslava Karpova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - Danping Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
| | - Atreyi Ghatak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
| | - Dmitriy A. Markov
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084 USA
| | - Alexei V. Tulin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
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22
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Yamada S, Osakabe M, Eizuka M, Hashimoto M, Uesugi N, Yanagawa N, Otsuka K, Suzuki H, Takayuki M, Sugai T. Cribriform type adenocarcinoma of the colorectum: comprehensive molecular analyses of a distinctive histologic subtype of colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:601-610. [PMID: 35278309 PMCID: PMC9234757 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA) is characterized by marked heterogeneity and may be composed of an admixture of various histologic patterns, including well-formed gland and cribriform types. Although tumors displaying a prominent or predominant cribriform feature are frequently found in CRA, this type may contain specific histologic variants with a characteristic molecular alteration. We investigated the molecular features of 51 primary CRAs with a predominant cribriform histology using array-based analyses (somatic copy number alterations [SCNA]; mRNA expression). Mutations (TP53, KRAS, PIK3CA and BRAF) and DNA methylation status were also analyzed. The crypt isolation method was used to obtain isolated tumor glands of each type separately. All patients were classified by their CRA histologic subtype into two groups: well-formed gland and cribriform. Next, we performed cluster analysis to stratify SCNA and mRNA expression patterns between the two subtypes. Two distinctive subgroups were stratified based on patterns of SCNA and mRNA expression and were correlated with each histologic subtype. The cribriform type was characterized by a high frequency of SCNA compared with that of the well-formed gland type and was closely associated with the expression of specific mRNAs. In addition, the frequency of KRAS mutation was significantly higher in the cribriform type than in the well-formed gland type. Finally, there was no difference in DNA methylation status between the two subtypes. Overall, these data suggest that the cribriform type provides important insights into colorectal carcinogenesis, suggesting specific potential histologic implications based on the molecular profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yamada
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Osakabe
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Makoto Eizuka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Mai Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Uesugi
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Naoki Yanagawa
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Koki Otsuka
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Matsumoto Takayuki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sugai
- Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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23
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Lu A, Dong C, Chen B, Xie L, Hu H. Case Report: Stress-Induced Childhood-Onset Neurodegeneration With Ataxia-Seizures Syndrome Caused by a Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutation in ADPRHL2. Front Neurol 2022; 13:807291. [PMID: 35222245 PMCID: PMC8874324 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.807291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ADPRHL2 gene mutations have been demonstrated as the cause of stress-induced childhood-onset neurodegeneration with variable ataxia and seizures (CONDSIAS), an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by an abnormal gait, intellectual disability, seizures, ataxia, other nervous system degenerative diseases, and axonal sensorimotor neuropathy. Since first reported in 2018, ADP-ribosylhydrolase like 2 (ADPRHL2) gene mutations in previous cases were all diallelic homozygous. Here, we report a case of CONDSIAS with a novel compound heterozygous mutation in the ADPRHL2 gene. This patient is presented with autonomic nervous dysfunction manifested as polyuria, gastrointestinal disturbance, and sinus arrhythmia, which may be considered as new clinical manifestations in addition to the above classical manifestations. Muscle biopsy revealed myogenic lesions, which is a previously unreported feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Lu
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chunxia Dong
- The 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Jinan, China
| | | | - Lei Xie
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Huaiqiang Hu
- The 960th Hospital of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Huaiqiang Hu
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24
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Yuan Y, Yang C, Wang Y, Sun M, Bi C, Sun S, Sun G, Hao J, Li L, Shan C, Zhang S, Li Y. Functional metabolome profiling may improve individual outcomes in colorectal cancer management implementing concepts of predictive, preventive, and personalized medical approach. EPMA J 2022; 13:39-55. [PMID: 35273658 PMCID: PMC8897532 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common solid tumors worldwide, but its diagnosis and treatment are limited. The objectives of our study were to compare the metabolic differences between CRC patients and healthy controls (HC), and to identify potential biomarkers in the serum that can be used for early diagnosis and as effective therapeutic targets. The aim was to provide a new direction for CRC predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). Methods In this study, CRC patients (n = 30) and HC (n = 30) were recruited. Serum metabolites were assayed using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) technology. Subsequently, CRC cell lines (HCT116 and HCT8) were treated with metabolites to verify their function. Key targets were identified by molecular docking, thermal shift assay, and protein overexpression/inhibition experiments. The inhibitory effect of celastrol on tumor growth was also assessed, which included IC50 analysis, nude mice xenografting, molecular docking, protein overexpression/inhibition experiments, and network pharmacology technology. Results In the CRC group, 15 serum metabolites were significantly different in comparison with the HC group. The level of glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) was positively correlated with CRC and showed high sensitivity and specificity for the clinical diagnostic reference (AUC = 0.825). In vitro findings showed that GDCA promoted the proliferation and migration of CRC cell lines (HCT116 and HCT8), and Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) was identified as one of the key targets of GDCA. The IC50 of celastrol in HCT116 cells was 121.1 nM, and the anticancer effect of celastrol was supported by in vivo experiments. Based on the potential of GDCA in PPPM, PARP-1 was found to be significantly correlated with the anticancer functions of celastrol. Conclusion These findings suggest that GDCA is an abnormally produced metabolite of CRC, which may provide an innovative molecular biomarker for the predictive identification and targeted prevention of CRC. In addition, PARP-1 was found to be an important target of GDCA that promotes CRC; therefore, celastrol may be a potential targeted therapy for CRC via its effects on PARP-1. Taken together, the pathophysiology and progress of tumor molecules mediated by changes in metabolite content provide a new perspective for predictive, preventive, and personalized medical of clinical cancer patients based on the target of metabolites in vivo.Clinical trials registration number: ChiCTR2000039410. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00269-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617 China
| | - Chenxin Yang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617 China
| | - Yingzhi Wang
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Mingming Sun
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Chenghao Bi
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617 China
| | - Sitong Sun
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617 China
| | - Guijiang Sun
- grid.412648.d0000 0004 1798 6160Department of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Jingpeng Hao
- grid.412648.d0000 0004 1798 6160Department of Anorectal Surgery, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Lingling Li
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617 China
| | - Changliang Shan
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617 China
| | - Yubo Li
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617 China
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25
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Gutierrez-Quintana R, Walker DJ, Williams KJ, Forster DM, Chalmers AJ. Radiation-induced neuroinflammation: a potential protective role for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors? Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdab190. [PMID: 35118383 PMCID: PMC8807076 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) plays a fundamental role in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). GBM are notoriously invasive and harbor a subpopulation of cells with stem-like features which exhibit upregulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) and are radioresistant. High radiation doses are therefore delivered to large brain volumes and are known to extend survival but also cause delayed toxicity with 50%-90% of patients developing neurocognitive dysfunction. Emerging evidence identifies neuroinflammation as a critical mediator of the adverse effects of RT on cognitive function. In addition to its well-established role in promoting repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) can exacerbate neuroinflammation by promoting secretion of inflammatory mediators. Therefore, PARP represents an intriguing mechanistic link between radiation-induced activation of the DDR and subsequent neuroinflammation. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as promising new agents for GBM when given in combination with RT, with multiple preclinical studies demonstrating radiosensitizing effects and at least 3 compounds being evaluated in clinical trials. We propose that concomitant use of PARPi could reduce radiation-induced neuroinflammation and reduce the severity of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction while at the same time improving tumor control by enhancing radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David J Walker
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kaye J Williams
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Duncan M Forster
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, Manchester Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony J Chalmers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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26
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Ni J, Gao J, Li Q. Ribosome ADP-ribosylation: A mechanism for maintaining protein homeostasis in cancers. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:333-335. [PMID: 34897867 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A recent study suggests that ribosome MARylation in cancers maintains proteostasis by reducing protein synthesis and preventing toxic protein aggregation. Mechanistically, NMNAT-2 is a cytosolic NAD+ synthase that supports the catalytic activity of PARP-16, which mediates ribosomal proteins MARylation. Ribosomal protein MARylation regulates polysomes assembly or function through the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) stem-loop secondary structures in mRNAs, resulting in reduced protein synthesis and preventing toxic protein aggregation, thus supporting the growth of cancer cells during accelerated cell growth. When PARP-16 or NMNAT-2 is deleted, the stem-loop element in the 3'-UTRs of mRNAs increases polysome loading, enhances protein synthesis, promotes toxic protein aggregation, leading to inhibited cancer cell growth. Collectively, ribosome MARylation provides us with an exciting and scientific direction for us to understand cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ni
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China.,Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiayin Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
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27
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Therapeutic Potential of PARP Inhibitors in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081024. [PMID: 34440228 PMCID: PMC8392860 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies are a major global health burden, with high mortality rates. The identification of novel therapeutic strategies is crucial to improve treatment and survival of patients. The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes involved in the DNA damage response (DDR) play major roles in the development, progression and treatment response of cancer, with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) currently used in the clinic for breast, ovarian, fallopian, primary peritoneal, pancreatic and prostate cancers with deficiencies in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair. This article examines the current evidence for the role of the DDR PARP enzymes (PARP1, 2, 3 and 4) in the development, progression and treatment response of GI cancers. Furthermore, we discuss the role of HR status as a predictive biomarker of PARPi efficacy in GI cancer patients and examine the pre-clinical and clinical evidence for PARPi and cytotoxic therapy combination strategies in GI cancer. We also include an analysis of the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of the DDR PARP genes and key HR genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, RAD51, MRE11, PALB2) in GI patient tumours (n = 1744) using publicly available datasets to identify patients that may benefit from PARPi therapeutic approaches.
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28
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Distinct roles for PARP-1 and PARP-2 in c-Myc-driven B-cell lymphoma in mice. Blood 2021; 139:228-239. [PMID: 34359075 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the c-Myc oncogene occurs in a wide variety of haematologic malignancies and its overexpression has been linked with aggressive tumour progression. Here, we show that Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 and PARP-2 exert opposing influences on progression of c-Myc-driven B-cell lymphomas. PARP-1 and PARP-2 catalyse the synthesis and transfer of ADP-ribose units onto amino acid residues of acceptor proteins in response to DNA-strand breaks, playing a central role in the response to DNA damage. Accordingly, PARP inhibitors have emerged as promising new cancer therapeutics. However, the inhibitors currently available for clinical use are not able to discriminate between individual PARP proteins. We found that genetic deletion of PARP-2 prevents c-Myc-driven B-cell lymphomas, while PARP-1-deficiency accelerates lymphomagenesis in the Em-Myc mouse model of aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Loss of PARP-2 aggravates replication stress in pre-leukemic Em-Myc B cells resulting in accumulation of DNA damage and concomitant cell death that restricts the c-Myc-driven expansion of B cells, thereby providing protection against B-cell lymphoma. In contrast, PARP-1-deficiency induces a proinflammatory response, and an increase in regulatory T cells likely contributing to immune escape of B-cell lymphomas, resulting in an acceleration of lymphomagenesis. These findings pinpoint specific functions for PARP-1 and PARP-2 in c-Myc-driven lymphomagenesis with antagonistic consequences that may help inform the design of new PARP-centred therapeutic strategies with selective PARP-2 inhibition potentially representing a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of c-Myc-driven tumours.
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Natural Merosesquiterpenes Activate the DNA Damage Response via DNA Strand Break Formation and Trigger Apoptotic Cell Death in p53-Wild-type and Mutant Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133282. [PMID: 34209047 PMCID: PMC8268692 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bowel cancer is a serious disease, which affects many people worldwide. Unfortunately, the disease is often diagnosed in an advanced stage, which impairs the chance of survival. Furthermore, resistance to therapy occurs frequently. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are required to improve cancer therapy. Here, we studied whether merosesquiterpenes might be useful for cancer treatment. These compounds occur in marine sponges and were isolated by our group. We were able to identify three compounds with potent cytotoxic activity in different cell lines established from human large bowel cancer. Our experiments provided evidence that the compounds cause DNA damage and trigger cell death, so-called mitochondrial apoptosis, which was attested in cancer cells with expression of wild-type and mutated p53 tumor suppressor. Finally, we show that merosesquiterpenes also kill intestinal tumor organoids, an ex vivo model of large bowel cancer. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a frequently occurring malignant disease with still low survival rates, highlighting the need for novel therapeutics. Merosesquiterpenes are secondary metabolites from marine sponges, which might be useful as antitumor agents. To address this issue, we made use of a compound library comprising 11 isolated merosesquiterpenes. The most cytotoxic compounds were smenospongine > ilimaquinone ≈ dactylospontriol, as shown in different human CRC cell lines. Alkaline Comet assays and γH2AX immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated DNA strand break formation in CRC cells. Western blot analysis revealed an activation of the DNA damage response with CHK1 phosphorylation, stabilization of p53 and p21, which occurred both in CRC cells with p53 knockout and in p53-mutated CRC cells. This resulted in cell cycle arrest followed by a strong increase in the subG1 population, indicative of apoptosis, and typical morphological alterations. In consistency, cell death measurements showed apoptosis following exposure to merosesquiterpenes. Gene expression studies and analysis of caspase cleavage revealed mitochondrial apoptosis via BAX, BIM, and caspase-9 as the main cell death pathway. Interestingly, the compounds were equally effective in p53-wild-type and p53-mutant CRC cells. Finally, the cytotoxic activity of the merosesquiterpenes was corroborated in intestinal tumor organoids, emphasizing their potential for CRC chemotherapy.
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Chronic intestinal inflammation drives colorectal tumor formation triggered by dietary heme iron in vivo. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2507-2522. [PMID: 33978766 PMCID: PMC8241717 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of red meat is associated with an increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). Multiple lines of evidence suggest that heme iron as abundant constituent of red meat is responsible for its carcinogenic potential. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood and particularly the role of intestinal inflammation has not been investigated. To address this important issue, we analyzed the impact of heme iron (0.25 µmol/g diet) on the intestinal microbiota, gut inflammation and colorectal tumor formation in mice. An iron-balanced diet with ferric citrate (0.25 µmol/g diet) was used as reference. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that dietary heme reduced α-diversity and caused a persistent intestinal dysbiosis, with a continuous increase in gram-negative Proteobacteria. This was linked to chronic gut inflammation and hyperproliferation of the intestinal epithelium as attested by mini-endoscopy, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Dietary heme triggered the infiltration of myeloid cells into colorectal mucosa with an increased level of COX-2 positive cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry-based phenotyping demonstrated an increased number of T cells and B cells in the lamina propria following heme intake, while γδ-T cells were reduced in the intraepithelial compartment. Dietary heme iron catalyzed formation of fecal N-nitroso compounds and was genotoxic in intestinal epithelial cells, yet suppressed intestinal apoptosis as evidenced by confocal microscopy and western blot analysis. Finally, a chemically induced CRC mouse model showed persistent intestinal dysbiosis, chronic gut inflammation and increased colorectal tumorigenesis following heme iron intake. Altogether, this study unveiled intestinal inflammation as important driver in heme iron-associated colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Kaur A, Lim JYS, Sepramaniam S, Patnaik S, Harmston N, Lee MA, Petretto E, Virshup DM, Madan B. WNT inhibition creates a BRCA-like state in Wnt-addicted cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13349. [PMID: 33660437 PMCID: PMC8033517 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling maintains diverse adult stem cell compartments and is implicated in chemotherapy resistance in cancer. PORCN inhibitors that block Wnt secretion have proven effective in Wnt-addicted preclinical cancer models and are in clinical trials. In a survey for potential combination therapies, we found that Wnt inhibition synergizes with the PARP inhibitor olaparib in Wnt-addicted cancers. Mechanistically, we find that multiple genes in the homologous recombination and Fanconi anemia repair pathways, including BRCA1, FANCD2, and RAD51, are dependent on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in Wnt-high cancers, and treatment with a PORCN inhibitor creates a BRCA-like state. This coherent regulation of DNA repair genes occurs in part via a Wnt/β-catenin/MYBL2 axis. Importantly, this pathway also functions in intestinal crypts, where high expression of BRCA and Fanconi anemia genes is seen in intestinal stem cells, with further upregulation in Wnt-high APCmin mutant polyps. Our findings suggest a general paradigm that Wnt/β-catenin signaling enhances DNA repair in stem cells and cancers to maintain genomic integrity. Conversely, interventions that block Wnt signaling may sensitize cancers to radiation and other DNA damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell BiologyDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - Jun Yi Stanley Lim
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell BiologyDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | | | - Siddhi Patnaik
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell BiologyDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - Nathan Harmston
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell BiologyDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Science DivisionYale‐NUS CollegeSingaporeSingapore
| | - May Ann Lee
- Experimental Drug Development CentreA*StarSingaporeSingapore
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Center for Computational Biology and Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic DisordersDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - David M Virshup
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell BiologyDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Department of PediatricsDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA
| | - Babita Madan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell BiologyDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
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The Prognostic Values of PARP-1 Expression in Uveal Melanoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020285. [PMID: 33572586 PMCID: PMC7911114 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. In advanced cases, the prognosis is very poor. Thus far, no effective methods of pharmacotherapy of this cancer have been found. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of PARP-1, the best-known member of the family of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, in uveal melanoma and its associations with clinicopathological parameters, overall survival, and disease-free survival. Methods: The study included 91 patients who underwent enucleation due to uveal melanoma. PARP-1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results: High PARP-1 expression was associated with more frequent chromosome 3 loss, higher histopathological grade, bigger tumor size, and absence of intrascleral extension. High PARP-1 expression was associated with shorter overall survival time and disease-free survival time. Conclusions: The above findings indicate that high expression of PARP-1 can be considered as an unfavorable prognostic factor in uveal melanoma.
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Ghonim MA, Ibba SV, Tarhuni AF, Errami Y, Luu HH, Dean MJ, El-Bahrawy AH, Wyczechowska D, Benslimane IA, Del Valle L, Al-Khami AA, Ochoa AC, Boulares AH. Targeting PARP-1 with metronomic therapy modulates MDSC suppressive function and enhances anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in colon cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001643. [PMID: 33495297 PMCID: PMC7839867 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (eg, olaparib) are effective against BRCA-mutated cancers at/near maximum tolerated doses by trapping PARP-1 on damaged chromatin, benefitting only small patient proportions. The benefits of targeting non-DNA repair aspects of PARP with metronomic doses remain unexplored. Methods Colon epithelial cells or mouse or human bone marrow (BM)-derived-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were stimulated to assess the effect of partial PARP-1 inhibition on inflammatory gene expression or immune suppression. Mice treated with azoxymethane/four dextran-sulfate-sodium cycles or APCMin/+ mice bred into PARP-1+/− or treated with olaparib were used to examine the role of PARP-1 in colitis-induced or spontaneous colon cancer, respectively. Syngeneic MC-38 cell-based (microsatellite instability, MSIhigh) or CT-26 cell-based (microsatellite stable, MSS) tumor models were used to assess the effects of PARP inhibition on host responses and synergy with anti-Programmed cell Death protein (PD)-1 immunotherapy. Results Partial PARP-1 inhibition, via gene heterozygosity or a moderate dose of olaparib, protected against colitis-mediated/APCMin-mediated intestinal tumorigenesis and APCMin-associated cachexia, while extensive inhibition, via gene knockout or a high dose of olaparib, was ineffective or aggravating. A sub-IC50-olaparib dose or PARP-1 heterozygosity was sufficient to block tumorigenesis in a syngeneic colon cancer model by modulating the suppressive function, but not intratumoral migration or differentiation, of MDSCs, with concomitant increases in intratumoral T cell function and cytotoxicity, as assessed by granzyme-B/interferon-γ levels. Adoptive transfer of WT-BM-MDSCs abolished the protective effects of PARP-1 heterozygosity. The mechanism of MDSC modulation involved a reduction in arginase-1/inducible nitric oxide synthase/cyclo-oxygenase-2, but independent of PARP-1 trapping on chromatin. Although a high-concentration olaparib or the high-trapping PARP inhibitor, talazoparib, activated stimulator of interferon gene (STING) in BRCA-proficient cells and induced DNA damage, sub-IC50 concentrations of either drug failed to induce activation of the dsDNA break sensor. STING expression appeared dispensable for MDSC suppressive function and was not strictly required for olaparib-mediated effects. Ironically, STING activation blocked human and mouse MDSC function with no additive effects with olaparib. A metronomic dose of olaparib was highly synergistic with anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy, leading to eradication of MSIhigh or reduction of MSS tumors in mice. Conclusions These results support a paradigm-shifting concept that expands the utility of PARP inhibitor and encourage testing metronomic dosing of PARP inhibitor to enhance the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Ghonim
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Salome V Ibba
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Abdelmetalab F Tarhuni
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Youssef Errami
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hanh H Luu
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew J Dean
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ali H El-Bahrawy
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Dorota Wyczechowska
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ilyes A Benslimane
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Luis Del Valle
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Amir A Al-Khami
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Augusto C Ochoa
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Hamid Boulares
- Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Navas LE, Carnero A. NAD + metabolism, stemness, the immune response, and cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:2. [PMID: 33384409 PMCID: PMC7775471 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+ was discovered during yeast fermentation, and since its discovery, its important roles in redox metabolism, aging, and longevity, the immune system and DNA repair have been highlighted. A deregulation of the NAD+ levels has been associated with metabolic diseases and aging-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, defective immune responses, and cancer. NAD+ acts as a cofactor through its interplay with NADH, playing an essential role in many enzymatic reactions of energy metabolism, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. NAD+ also plays a role in deacetylation by sirtuins and ADP ribosylation during DNA damage/repair by PARP proteins. Finally, different NAD hydrolase proteins also consume NAD+ while converting it into ADP-ribose or its cyclic counterpart. Some of these proteins, such as CD38, seem to be extensively involved in the immune response. Since NAD cannot be taken directly from food, NAD metabolism is essential, and NAMPT is the key enzyme recovering NAD from nicotinamide and generating most of the NAD cellular pools. Because of the complex network of pathways in which NAD+ is essential, the important role of NAD+ and its key generating enzyme, NAMPT, in cancer is understandable. In the present work, we review the role of NAD+ and NAMPT in the ways that they may influence cancer metabolism, the immune system, stemness, aging, and cancer. Finally, we review some ongoing research on therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola E Navas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain. .,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain.
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Schistosoma mansoni eggs induce Wnt/β-catenin signaling and activate the protooncogene c-Jun in human and hamster colon. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22373. [PMID: 33361772 PMCID: PMC7758332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis (bilharzia) is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma, with considerable morbidity in parts of the Middle East, South America, Southeast Asia, in sub-Saharan Africa, and particularly also in Europe. The WHO describes an increasing global health burden with more than 290 million people threatened by the disease and a potential to spread into regions with temperate climates like Corsica, France. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of S. mansoni infection on colorectal carcinogenic signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro. S. mansoni infection, soluble egg antigens (SEA) and the Interleukin-4-inducing principle from S. mansoni eggs induce Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the protooncogene c-Jun as well as downstream factor Cyclin D1 and markers for DNA-damage, such as Parp1 and γH2a.x in enterocytes. The presence of these characteristic hallmarks of colorectal carcinogenesis was confirmed in colon biopsies from S. mansoni-infected patients demonstrating the clinical relevance of our findings. For the first time it was shown that S. mansoni SEA may be involved in the induction of colorectal carcinoma-associated signaling pathways.
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Abstract
Cellular DNA is constantly chemically altered by exogenous and endogenous agents. As all processes of life depend on the transmission of the genetic information, multiple biological processes exist to ensure genome integrity. Chemically damaged DNA has been linked to cancer and aging, therefore it is of great interest to map DNA damage formation and repair to elucidate the distribution of damage on a genome-wide scale. While the low abundance and inability to enzymatically amplify DNA damage are obstacles to genome-wide sequencing, new developments in the last few years have enabled high-resolution mapping of damaged bases. Recently, a number of DNA damage sequencing library construction strategies coupled to new data analysis pipelines allowed the mapping of specific DNA damage formation and repair at high and single nucleotide resolution. Strikingly, these advancements revealed that the distribution of DNA damage is heavily influenced by chromatin states and the binding of transcription factors. In the last seven years, these novel approaches have revealed new genomic maps of DNA damage distribution in a variety of organisms as generated by diverse chemical and physical DNA insults; oxidative stress, chemotherapeutic drugs, environmental pollutants, and sun exposure. Preferred sequences for damage formation and repair have been elucidated, thus making it possible to identify persistent weak spots in the genome as locations predicted to be vulnerable for mutation. As such, sequencing DNA damage will have an immense impact on our ability to elucidate mechanisms of disease initiation, and to evaluate and predict the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Mingard
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Heme oxygenase 1 protects human colonocytes against ROS formation, oxidative DNA damage and cytotoxicity induced by heme iron, but not inorganic iron. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:787. [PMID: 32968051 PMCID: PMC7511955 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of red meat is probably carcinogenic to humans and is associated with an increased risk to develop colorectal cancer (CRC). Red meat contains high amounts of heme iron, which is thought to play a causal role in tumor formation. In this study, we investigated the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of heme iron (i.e., hemin) versus inorganic iron in human colonic epithelial cells (HCEC), human CRC cell lines and murine intestinal organoids. Hemin catalyzed the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induced oxidative DNA damage as well as DNA strand breaks in both HCEC and CRC cells. In contrast, inorganic iron hardly affected ROS levels and only slightly increased DNA damage. Hemin, but not inorganic iron, caused cell death and reduced cell viability. This occurred preferentially in non-malignant HCEC, which was corroborated in intestinal organoids. Both hemin and inorganic iron were taken up into HCEC and CRC cells, however with differential kinetics and efficiency. Hemin caused stabilization and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and ferritin heavy chain (FtH). This was not observed after inorganic iron treatment. Chemical inhibition or genetic knockdown of HO-1 potentiated hemin-triggered ROS generation and oxidative DNA damage preferentially in HCEC. Furthermore, HO-1 abrogation strongly augmented the cytotoxic effects of hemin in HCEC, revealing its pivotal function in colonocytes and highlighting the toxicity of free intracellular heme iron. Taken together, this study demonstrated that hemin, but not inorganic iron, induces ROS and DNA damage, resulting in a preferential cytotoxicity in non-malignant intestinal epithelial cells. Importantly, HO-1 conferred protection against the detrimental effects of hemin.
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The Role of PARP1 in Monocyte and Macrophage Commitment and Specification: Future Perspectives and Limitations for the Treatment of Monocyte and Macrophage Relevant Diseases with PARP Inhibitors. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092040. [PMID: 32900001 PMCID: PMC7565932 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of PARP1 expression, changes in its enzymatic activity, post-translational modifications, and inflammasome-dependent cleavage play an important role in the development of monocytes and numerous subtypes of highly specialized macrophages. Transcription of PARP1 is governed by the proliferation status of cells at each step of their development. Higher abundance of PARP1 in embryonic stem cells and in hematopoietic precursors supports their self-renewal and pluri-/multipotency, whereas a low level of the enzyme in monocytes determines the pattern of surface receptors and signal transducers that are functionally linked to the NFκB pathway. In macrophages, the involvement of PARP1 in regulation of transcription, signaling, inflammasome activity, metabolism, and redox balance supports macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1), which drives host defense against pathogens. On the other hand, it seems to limit the development of a variety of subsets of anti-inflammatory myeloid effectors (M2), which help to remove tissue debris and achieve healing. PARP inhibitors, which prevent protein ADP-ribosylation, and PARP1‒DNA traps, which capture the enzyme on chromatin, may allow us to modulate immune responses and the development of particular cell types. They can be also effective in the treatment of monocytic leukemia and other cancers by reverting the anti- to the proinflammatory phenotype in tumor-associated macrophages.
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Smeby J, Kryeziu K, Berg KCG, Eilertsen IA, Eide PW, Johannessen B, Guren MG, Nesbakken A, Bruun J, Lothe RA, Sveen A. Molecular correlates of sensitivity to PARP inhibition beyond homologous recombination deficiency in pre-clinical models of colorectal cancer point to wild-type TP53 activity. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102923. [PMID: 32799124 PMCID: PMC7452640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PARP inhibitors are active in various tumour types beyond BRCA-mutant cancers, but their activity and molecular correlates in colorectal cancer (CRC) are not well studied. METHODS Mutations and genome-wide mutational patterns associated with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) were investigated in 255 primary CRCs with whole-exome sequencing and/or DNA copy number data. Efficacy of five PARP inhibitors and their molecular correlates were evaluated in 93 CRC cell lines partly annotated with mutational-, DNA copy number-, and/or gene expression profiles. Post-treatment gene expression profiling and specific protein expression analyses were performed in two pairs of PARP inhibitor sensitive and resistant cell lines. FINDINGS A subset of microsatellite stable (MSS) CRCs had truncating mutations in homologous recombination-related genes, but these were not associated with genomic signatures of HRD. Eight CRC cell lines (9%) were sensitive to PARP inhibition, but sensitivity was not predicted by HRD-related genomic and transcriptomic signatures. In contrast, drug sensitivity in MSS cell lines was strongly associated with TP53 wild-type status (odds ratio 15.7, p = 0.023) and TP53-related expression signatures. Increased downstream TP53 activity was among the primary response mechanisms, and TP53 inhibition antagonized the effect of PARP inhibitors. Wild-type TP53-mediated suppression of RAD51 was identified as a possible mechanism of action for sensitivity to PARP inhibition. INTERPRETATION PARP inhibitors are active in a subset of CRC cell lines and preserved TP53 function may increase the likelihood of response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen Smeby
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaja C G Berg
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ina A Eilertsen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter W Eide
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjarne Johannessen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne G Guren
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arild Nesbakken
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarle Bruun
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anita Sveen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Lew ZX, Zhou HM, Fang YY, Ye Z, Zhong W, Yang XY, Yu Z, Chen DY, Luo SM, Chen LF, Lin Y. Transgelin interacts with PARP1 in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:366. [PMID: 32774160 PMCID: PMC7398379 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transgelin, an actin-binding protein, is associated with cytoskeleton remodeling. Findings from our previous studies demonstrated that transgelin was up-regulated in node-positive colorectal cancer (CRC) versus node-negative disease. Over-expression of TAGLN affected the expression of 256 downstream transcripts and increased the metastatic potential of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. This study aims to explore the mechanisms through which transgelin participates in the metastasis of colon cancer cells. Methods Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analysis were used to determine the cellular localization of endogenous and exogenous transgelin in colon cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation and subsequently high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry were performed to identify the proteins that were potentially interacting with transgelin. The 256 downstream transcripts regulated by transgelin were analyzed with bioinformatics methods to discriminate the specific key genes and signaling pathways. The Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Information (GCBI) tools were used to predict the potential transcription factors (TFs) for the key genes. The predicted TFs corresponded to the proteins identified to interact with transgelin. The interaction between transgelin and the TFs was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. Results Transgelin was found to localize in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of the colon cancer cells. Approximately 297 proteins were identified to interact with transgelin. The overexpression of TAGLN led to the differential expression of 184 downstream genes. Network topology analysis discriminated seven key genes, including CALM1, MYO1F, NCKIPSD, PLK4, RAC1, WAS and WIPF1, which are mostly involved in the Rho signaling pathway. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) was predicted as the unique TF for the key genes and concurrently corresponded to the DNA-binding proteins potentially interacting with transgelin. The interaction between PARP1 and transgelin in human RKO colon cancer cells was further validated by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. Conclusions Our results suggest that transgelin binds to PARP1 and regulates the expression of downstream key genes, which are mainly involved in the Rho signaling pathway, and thus participates in the metastasis of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Xian Lew
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Surgery, Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510045 China
| | - Hui-Min Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Intensive Care Unit, Tongling People's Hospital, Tongling City, 244000 Anhui province China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Wa Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Xin-Yi Yang
- Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Zhong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Dan-Yu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Si-Min Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Li-Fei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
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Aryan H, Razmara E, Farhud D, Zarif-Yeganeh M, Zokaei S, Hassani SA, Ashrafi MR, Garshasbi M, Tavasoli AR. Novel imaging and clinical phenotypes of CONDSIAS disorder caused by a homozygous frameshift variant of ADPRHL2: a case report. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:291. [PMID: 32746785 PMCID: PMC7397971 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stress-induced childhood-onset neurodegeneration with variable ataxia and seizures (CONDSIAS) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by defects in the ADP-Ribosylhydrolase Like 2 (ADPRHL2; OMIM: 618170) gene. This gene encodes the ADP-ribosylhydrolase enzyme (ARH3) that eliminates the addition of poly-ADP ribose (PAR) in the cellular stress onto proteins in the ADP-ribosylation process in which adding one or more ADP-ribose moieties onto the target proteins in the post-translational modification have occurred. In this study, we report a new case of CONDSIAS in the Iranian population. A literature review of CONDSIAS is also included. Case presentation A four-year-old female patient, born to a consanguineous Iranian family, was referred with various clinical symptoms including impaired speech, variable ataxia, infrequent seizures, and gradual onset of truncal hypotonia. Over time, she developed complete motor and speech regression, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, infrequent seizures, abdominal distension and gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance, and loss of consciousness. To better molecularly diagnose, trio-whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband and her parents. Sanger sequencing was also applied to investigate co-segregation analysis. Using in silico predictive tools, the possible impacts of the variant on the structure and function of ADPRHL2 protein were predicted. All basic metabolic tests were normal, while serial coronal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed progressive cerebral and cerebellar atrophy in addition to cerebral white matter signal changes as a novel neuroimaging finding. GI intolerance was another novelty of clinical scenarios in the patient. An auditory brainstem response test showed a severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. An electroencephalogram also confirmed focal seizures. From the molecular perspective, a novel homozygous frameshift variant in the ADPRHL2 gene (NM_017825.2; c.636_639del, p.(Leu212fs)) was identified by WES. Conclusions CONDSIAS is an ultra-rare neurodegenerative disorder. In the present study, we introduced extra-neurological and neuroimaging findings of this disorder in a female child caused by a novel frameshift variation in the ADPRHL2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Aryan
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.,Dr. Farhud's Genetics Clinic, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Razmara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dariush Farhud
- Dr. Farhud's Genetics Clinic, Tehran, Iran.,School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Basic Sciences, Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Zarif-Yeganeh
- Dr. Farhud's Genetics Clinic, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Zokaei
- Dr. Farhud's Genetics Clinic, Tehran, Iran.,School of Advanced Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Hassani
- Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi
- Myelin Disorders Clinic, Pediatric Neurology Division, Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Tavasoli
- Myelin Disorders Clinic, Pediatric Neurology Division, Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Neitzel C, Demuth P, Wittmann S, Fahrer J. Targeting Altered Energy Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer: Oncogenic Reprogramming, the Central Role of the TCA Cycle and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1731. [PMID: 32610612 PMCID: PMC7408264 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequent cancer entities worldwide. Multiple factors are causally associated with CRC development, such as genetic and epigenetic alterations, inflammatory bowel disease, lifestyle and dietary factors. During malignant transformation, the cellular energy metabolism is reprogrammed in order to promote cancer cell growth and proliferation. In this review, we first describe the main alterations of the energy metabolism found in CRC, revealing the critical impact of oncogenic signaling and driver mutations in key metabolic enzymes. Then, the central role of mitochondria and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in this process is highlighted, also considering the metabolic crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. The identified cancer-specific metabolic transformations provided new therapeutic targets for the development of small molecule inhibitors. Promising agents are in clinical trials and are directed against enzymes of the TCA cycle, including isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH). Finally, we focus on the α-lipoic acid derivative CPI-613, an inhibitor of both PDC and KGDH, and delineate its anti-tumor effects for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jörg Fahrer
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (C.N.); (P.D.); (S.W.)
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44
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Hembram KC, Dash SR, Das B, Sethy C, Chatterjee S, Bindhani BK, Kundu CN. Quinacrine Based Gold Hybrid Nanoparticles Caused Apoptosis through Modulating Replication Fork in Oral Cancer Stem Cells. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2463-2472. [PMID: 32407635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the tumor microenvironment is responsible for the development of chemoresistance and recurrence of cancer. Our previous investigation revealed the anticancer mechanism of quinacrine-based silver and gold hybrid nanoparticles (QAgNP and QAuNP) in oral cancer cells, but to avoid cancer recurrence, it is important to study the effect of these nanoparticles (NPs) on CSCs. Here, we developed an in vitro CSCs model using SCC-9 oral cancer cells and validated via FACS analysis. Then, 40-60% of cells were found to be CD44+/CD133+ and CD24-. QAuNP showed excellent anti-CSC growth potential against SCC-9-cancer stem like cells (IC50 = 0.4 μg/mL) with the down-regulation of representative CSC markers. Prolonged exposure of QAuNP induced the S-phase arrest and caused re-replication shown by the extended G2/M population and apoptosis to SCC-9-CSC like cells. Up-regulation of BAX, PARP cleavage, and simultaneous down-regulation of Bcl-xL in prolonged treatment to CSCs suggested that the majority of the cells have undergone apoptosis. QAuNP treatment also caused a loss in DNA repair in CSCs. Mostly, the base excision repair (BER) components (Fen-1, DNA ligase-1, Pol-β, RPA, etc.) were significantly down-regulated after QAuNP treatment, which suggested its action against DNA repair machinery. The replication fork maintenance-related proteins, RAD 51 and BRCA-2, were also deregulated. Very surprisingly, depletion of WRN (an interacting partner for Pre-RC and Fen-1) and a significant increase in expression of fork-degrading nuclease MRE-11 in 96 h treated NPs were observed. Results suggest QAuNP treatment caused excessive DNA damage and re-replication mediated replication stress (RS) and stalling of the replication fork. Inhibition of BER components hinders the flap clearance activity of Fen-1, and it further caused RS and stopped DNA synthesis. Overall, QAuNP treatment led to irreparable replication fork movement, and the stalled replication fork might have degraded by MRE-11, which ultimately results in apoptosis and the death of the CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Hembram
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Somya Ranjan Dash
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Biswajit Das
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Chinmayee Sethy
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Subhajit Chatterjee
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Birendra Kumar Bindhani
- Plant Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
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Seiwert N, Fahrer J, Nagel G, Frank J, Behnam D, Kaina B. Curcumin Administered as Micellar Solution Suppresses Intestinal Inflammation and Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:686-693. [PMID: 32468854 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1771384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and preventive strategies based on natural compounds are highly desirable. Curcumin, the principal bioactive compound in Curcuma longa, was described to have multiple beneficial health effects. A drawback, however, is the low bioavailability due to its insolubility in water. Here, we studied whether nanoscaled micellar curcumin with improved bioavailability administered in drinking water reduces inflammation and CRC formation in a mouse model. C57BL6 wild-type (WT) mice and a strain defective in the DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) were used, in which tumors were induced by azoxymethane (AOM) followed by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Inflammation and tumor formation were determined by mini-colonoscopy. Micellar curcumin (mCur) administered in drinking water significantly reduced AOM/DSS-induced colorectal inflammation in both WT and MGMT-deficient mice as compared to animals receiving drinking water with micelles not containing curcumin. In line with this, the tumor yield and tumor score were significantly lower in mCur-treated mice compared to the control group. No adverse effects were observed in animals receiving mCur daily for at least three months. Overall, our data show that chronic oral administered micellar curcumin is well tolerated and reduces chemical-induced gut inflammation and CRC formation in mice.Impact: The study shows that micellar curcumin with high bioavailability chronically administered at low and physiologically relevant concentration suppresses inflammation and carcinogenesis in a mouse colorectal tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Seiwert
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Fahrer
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Georg Nagel
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Frank
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dariush Behnam
- Aquanova AG, Research and Development, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernd Kaina
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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Sui H, Tan H, Fu J, Song Q, Jia R, Han L, Lv Y, Zhang H, Zheng D, Dong L, Wang S, Li Q, Xu H. The active fraction of Garcinia yunnanensis suppresses the progression of colorectal carcinoma by interfering with tumorassociated macrophage-associated M2 macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro. FASEB J 2020; 34:7387-7403. [PMID: 32283574 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903011r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common solid tumor worldwide and has shown resistance to several immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint blockade therapy, which is effective in many other types of cancer. Our previous studies indicated that the active fraction of Garcinia yunnanensis (YTE-17), had potent anticancer activities by regulating multiple signaling pathways. However, knowledge regarding the mechanism and effect of YTE-17 in the prevention of CRC is limited. This study tested the effects of YTE-17 on colon cancer development in vivo by using two murine models: the carcigenic azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced CRC model and a genetically induced model using ApcMin/+ mice. Here, the tumor load, tumor number, histology, and even some oncogenes were used to evaluate the effect of YTE-17. The intragastric administration of YTE-17 for 12 weeks significantly decreased CRC incidence, tumor number and size, immunity, and some tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) markers, including CD206, Arg-1, IL-10, and TGF-β. Importantly, the macrophages depletion by clodronate (CEL) also played a role in reducing the tumor burden and inhibiting tumor development, which were not affected by YTE-17 in the ApcMin/+ mice. Moreover, the YTE-17 treatment attenuated CRC cell growth in a co-culture system in the presence of macrophages. Consistently, YTE-17 effectively reduced the tumor burden and macrophage infiltration and enhanced immunity in the AOM/DSS and ApcMin/+ colon tumor models. Altogether, we demonstrate that macrophages in the microenvironment may contribute to the development and progression of CRC cells and propose YTE-17 as a new potential drug option for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songpo Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Gotoh N, Minato Y, Saitoh T, Takahashi N, Kasamatsu T, Souma K, Oda T, Hoshino T, Sakura T, Ishizaki T, Shimizu H, Takizawa M, Yokohama A, Tsukamoto N, Handa H, Murakami H. PARP1 V762A polymorphism affects the prognosis of myelodysplastic syndromes. Eur J Haematol 2020; 104:526-537. [PMID: 32003046 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), caused by various genetic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells, are associated with highly variable outcomes. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) plays an important role in DNA damage repair and contributes to the progression of several types of cancer. Here, we investigated the impact of PARP1 V762A polymorphism on the susceptibility to and prognosis of MDS. METHODS Samples collected from 105 MDS patients and 202 race-matched healthy controls were subjected to polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for genotyping. RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies of PARP1 V762A did not differ between MDS patients and the control group. However, MDS patients with the PARP1 V762A non-AA genotype, which is associated with high gene activity, had shorter overall survival rates (P = .01) than those with the AA genotype. Multivariate analysis of overall survival also revealed PARP1 V762A non-AA genotype as a poor prognostic factor (P = .02). When patients were analyzed according to treatment history, the PARP1 V762A non-AA genotype was only associated with poor survival in patients who had received treatment (P = .02). CONCLUSION PARP1 V762A polymorphism may be an independent prognostic factor for MDS, and a predictive biomarker for MDS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Gotoh
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yusuke Minato
- Department of Virology and Preventive Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Saitoh
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | | | | | - Kana Souma
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Oda
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takumi Hoshino
- Leukemia Research Center, Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toru Sakura
- Leukemia Research Center, Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takuma Ishizaki
- Department of Hematology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimizu
- Department of Hematology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Makiko Takizawa
- Department of Hematology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yokohama
- Division of Blood Transfusion Service, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Hematology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
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Switching off DNA repair-how colorectal cancer evades targeted therapies through adaptive mutability. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:19. [PMID: 32296051 PMCID: PMC7035417 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Pazzaglia S, Pioli C. Multifaceted Role of PARP-1 in DNA Repair and Inflammation: Pathological and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer and Non-Cancer Diseases. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010041. [PMID: 31877876 PMCID: PMC7017201 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP-1 (poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase 1), mainly known for its protective role in DNA repair, also regulates inflammatory processes. Notably, defects in DNA repair and chronic inflammation may both predispose to cancer development. On the other hand, inhibition of DNA repair and inflammatory responses can be beneficial in cancer therapy and PARP inhibitors are currently used for their lethal effects on tumor cells. Furthermore, excess of PARP-1 activity has been associated with many tumors and inflammation-related clinical conditions, including asthma, sepsis, arthritis, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases, to name a few. Activation and inhibition of PARP represent, therefore, a double-edged sword that can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. In our review, we will discuss recent findings highlighting the composite multifaceted role of PARP-1 in cancer and inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Pazzaglia
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (C.P.); Tel.: +39-06-3048-6535 (S.P.); +39-06-3048-3398 (C.P.)
| | - Claudio Pioli
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (C.P.); Tel.: +39-06-3048-6535 (S.P.); +39-06-3048-3398 (C.P.)
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50
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Seiwert N, Heylmann D, Hasselwander S, Fahrer J. Mechanism of colorectal carcinogenesis triggered by heme iron from red meat. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1873:188334. [PMID: 31783067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major tumor entities worldwide, with an increasing incidence in younger people. CRC formation is causally linked to various genetic, life-style and dietary risk factors. Among the ladder, the consumption of red meat has emerged as important risk factor contributing to CRC. A large body of evidence shows that heme iron is the critical component of red meat, which promotes colorectal carcinogenesis. In this review, we describe the uptake and cellular fate of both heme and inorganic iron in intestinal epithelial cells. Next, an overview on the DNA damaging properties of heme iron is provided, highlighting the DNA adducts relevant for CRC etiology. Moreover, heme triggered mechanisms leading to colonic hyperproliferation are presented, which are intimately linked to changes in the intestinal microbiota induced by heme. A special focus was set on the impact of heme iron on innate and adaptive immune cells, which could be relevant in the context of CRC. Finally, we recapitulate in vivo studies providing evidence for the tumor-promoting potential of dietary heme iron. Altogether, heme iron affects numerous key pathways involved in the pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Seiwert
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Daniel Heylmann
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Fahrer
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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