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Krokengen OC, Touma C, Mularski A, Sutinen A, Dunkel R, Ytterdal M, Raasakka A, Mertens HDT, Simonsen AC, Kursula P. The cytoplasmic tail of myelin protein zero induces morphological changes in lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184368. [PMID: 38971517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The major myelin protein expressed by the peripheral nervous system Schwann cells is protein zero (P0), which represents 50% of the total protein content in myelin. This 30-kDa integral membrane protein consists of an immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain, a transmembrane helix, and a 69-residue C-terminal cytoplasmic tail (P0ct). The basic residues in P0ct contribute to the tight packing of myelin lipid bilayers, and alterations in the tail affect how P0 functions as an adhesion molecule necessary for the stability of compact myelin. Several neurodegenerative neuropathies are related to P0, including the more common Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) and Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS) as well as rare cases of motor and sensory polyneuropathy. We found that high P0ct concentrations affected the membrane properties of bicelles and induced a lamellar-to-inverted hexagonal phase transition, which caused bicelles to fuse into long, protein-containing filament-like structures. These structures likely reflect the formation of semicrystalline lipid domains with potential relevance for myelination. Not only is P0ct important for stacking lipid membranes, but time-lapse fluorescence microscopy also shows that it might affect membrane properties during myelination. We further describe recombinant production and low-resolution structural characterization of full-length human P0. Our findings shed light on P0ct effects on membrane properties, and with the successful purification of full-length P0, we have new tools to study the role of P0 in myelin formation and maintenance in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oda C Krokengen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christine Touma
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Mularski
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Aleksi Sutinen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ryan Dunkel
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marie Ytterdal
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arne Raasakka
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Haydyn D T Mertens
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory EMBL, Hamburg Site, c/o DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adam Cohen Simonsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Petri Kursula
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Träger J, Meister A, Hause G, Harauz G, Hinderberger D. Shaping membrane interfaces in lipid vesicles mimicking the cytoplasmic leaflet of myelin through variation of cholesterol and myelin basic protein contents. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184179. [PMID: 37244538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Myelin basic protein (MBP) is an intrinsically disordered protein and in the central nervous system (CNS) mainly responsible for connecting the cytoplasmic surfaces of the multilamellar, compact myelin. Increased posttranslational modification of MBP is linked to both, the natural development (from adolescent to adult brains) of myelin, and features of multiple sclerosis. Here, we study how a combination of this intrinsically disordered myelin protein with varying the natural cholesterol content may alter the characteristics of myelin-like membranes and interactions between these membranes. Large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) with a composition mimicking the cytoplasmic leaflet of myelin were chosen as the model system, in which different parameters contributing to the interactions between the lipid membrane and MBP were investigated. While we use cryo-transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for imaging, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic measurements through continuously-monitored phase-analysis light scattering (cmPALS) were used for a more global overview of particle size and charge, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was utilized for local behavior of lipids in the vesicles' membranes in aqueous solution. The cholesterol content was varied from 060 % in these LUVs and measurements were performed in the presence and absence of MBP. We find that the composition of the lipid layers is relevant to the interaction with MBP. Not only the size, the shape and the aggregation behavior of the vesicles depend on the cholesterol content, but also within each membrane, cholesterol's freedom of movement, its environmental polarity and its distribution were found to depend on the content using the EPR-active spin-labeled cholesterol (CSOSL). In addition, DLS and EPR measurements probing the transition temperatures of the lipid phases allow a correlation of specific behavior with the human body temperature of 37 °C. Overall, our results aid in understanding the importance of the native cholesterol content in the healthy myelin membrane, which serves as the basis for stable and optimum protein-bilayer interactions. Although studied in this specific myelin-like system, from a more general and materials science-oriented point of view, we could establish how membrane and vesicle properties depend on cholesterol and/or MBP content, which might be useful generally when specific membrane and vesicle characteristics are sought for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennica Träger
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-organizing Systems, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem at the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem at the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry, Physical Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gerd Hause
- Biocenter, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - George Harauz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-organizing Systems, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem at the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
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San Martín Molina I, Fratini M, Campi G, Burghammer M, Grünewald TA, Salo RA, Narvaez O, Aggarwal M, Tohka J, Sierra A. A multiscale tissue assessment in a rat model of mild traumatic brain injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 82:71-83. [PMID: 36331507 PMCID: PMC9764078 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has demonstrated the potential to assess the pathophysiology of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) but correlations of DTI findings and pathological changes in mTBI are unclear. We evaluated the potential of ex vivo DTI to detect tissue damage in a mild mTBI rat model by exploiting multiscale imaging methods, histology and scanning micro-X-ray diffraction (SμXRD) 35 days after sham-operation (n = 2) or mTBI (n = 3). There were changes in DTI parameters rostral to the injury site. When examined by histology and SμXRD, there was evidence of axonal damage, reduced myelin density, gliosis, and ultrastructural alterations in myelin that were ongoing at the experimental time point of 35 days postinjury. We assessed the relationship between the 3 imaging modalities by multiple linear regression analysis. In this analysis, DTI and histological parameters were moderately related, whereas SμXRD parameters correlated weakly with DTI and histology. These findings suggest that while DTI appears to distinguish tissue changes at the microstructural level related to the loss of myelinated axons and gliosis, its ability to visualize alterations in myelin ultrastructure is limited. The use of several imaging techniques represents a novel approach to reveal tissue damage and provides new insights into mTBI detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michela Fratini
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Tilman A Grünewald
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex, France,Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Raimo A Salo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Omar Narvaez
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Manisha Aggarwal
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jussi Tohka
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alejandra Sierra
- Send correspondence to: Alejandra Sierra, PhD, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (Kuopio Campus), PO Box 1627, Neulaniementie 2, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; E-mail:
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Yang L, Feng S, Wu C, Yang L. The Lung Microbiome: A Potential Target in Regulating Autoimmune Inflammation of the Brain. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1435-1437. [PMID: 35821336 PMCID: PMC9672157 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luoman Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shu Feng
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Luodan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
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Brown RB. Non-Specific Low Back Pain, Dietary Salt Intake, and Posterior Lumbar Subcutaneous Edema. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159158. [PMID: 35954516 PMCID: PMC9368517 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is the world’s leading disability, but the etiology of the majority of low back pain is non-specific with no known cause. Moreover, overuse of opioids to treat low back pain is a widespread problem. This paper proposes that non-specific low back pain may be associated with excessive intake of dietary salt, potentially mediated by posterior lumbar subcutaneous edema. In addition to pain, symptoms of edema include swelling, tightness, and stiff joints, which are common complaints of people with low back pain, along with restricted lumbar range of motion and impaired mobility. Many global populations consume excess sodium chloride, which can lead to fluid overload in hypervolemia, and cause swelling and temporary weight gain associated with low back pain. Numerous conditions comorbid with low back pain are also potentially mediated by excessive salt intake, including migraine headache, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism, liver disease, respiratory disorders, chronic kidney disease, pregnancy complications, and multiple sclerosis. Novel approaches to identify and prevent the cause of non-specific low back pain have potential to reduce disability worldwide by reducing low back pain prevalence. More research is needed to confirm the involvement of dietary salt and posterior lumbar subcutaneous edema in non-specific low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald B Brown
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Bijani M, Niknam M, Karimi S, Naderi Z, Dehghan A. The effect of peer education based on Pender's health promotion model on quality of life, stress management and self-efficacy of patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:144. [PMID: 35436876 PMCID: PMC9014276 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a chronic, disabling disease, multiple sclerosis (MS) has challenged healthcare systems in many ways. MS adversely affects patients' quality of life and self-efficacy and results in psychological stress. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of peer education based on Pender's health promotion model on the quality of life, stress management, and self-efficacy of patients with MS in the south of Iran. METHODS The present study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 90 patients were divided into group A intervention group 45 patients) and group B (control group 45 patients). The intervention was peer education based on Pender's health promotion model. Data were collected using the MS Quality of Life Scale, the Self-efficacy Scale, and the Stress Management Scale. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS version 22. To analyze the data, we used descriptive statistics. Thus, inferential statistics applied included Chi-square, independent-samples t-test, and Repeated measures (ANOVA). The significance level was considered p < 0.05. RESULTS The quality of life, self-efficacy, and stress management mean scores of the intervention group as measured immediately and 3 months after intervention were significant (p < 0.05). As for the control group, however, the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION Peer education based on Pender's health promotion model improves patients' quality of life, stress management, and self-efficacy with multiple sclerosis. Nursing managers and health system policymakers can use this educational approach for patients with other chronic diseases to enhance their quality of life and self-efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT registration number: IRCT20190917044802N3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Bijani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Maryam Niknam
- Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Shanaz Karimi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Zeinab Naderi
- Department of Nursing, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Azizallah Dehghan
- NonCommunicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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Creswell R, Dombrowski Y. Innate and adaptive immune mechanisms regulating central nervous system remyelination. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 63:102175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Amini P, Almasi-Hashiani A, Sahraian MA, Najafi M, Eskandarieh S. Multiple sclerosis projection in Tehran, Iran using Bayesian structural time series. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:235. [PMID: 34167483 PMCID: PMC8223333 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02281-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been increasing worldwide and the highest prevalence ratio among Asian countries was reported in Iran. This study aims to estimate the increase in MS occurrence during more than three decades in Tehran and forecast the future condition of the disease using time series approaches for the next ten years. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted from 1999 to 2019 based on records of MS cases from Iranian MS Society (IMSS) registry system. The prevalence was estimated using population data presented by the Statistical Centre of Iran. Through Bayesian Structural Time Series (BSTS) model, we want to predict the prevalence of familial and sporadic MS in the next ten years. . RESULTS Among 22,421 cases with MS, 16,831 (75.1 %) were female and 5589 (24.9 %) were male. Female to male ratio was 3.0:1 and the number of familial MS cases were 2982 (13.3 %) of subjects. Female gender was less responsible for higher rate of MS in familial definition (beta = 0.020) in comparison to sporadic cases (beta = 0.034). Forecasting by BSTS revealed an increase in MS prevalence for the next ten years so that the prevalence rate for total, familial and sporadic MS respectively begins with 189.50 (183.94-195.14), 25.69 (24.97-26.45) and 163.74(159.06-168.57) in 2020 and ends with 220.84 (171.48-266.92), 30.79 (24.16-37.15), and 189.33(146.97-230.19) in 2029. CONCLUSIONS According to the findings, MS prevalence increased during three decades and it will increase over the next ten years. Tehran province is one of the regions with highest MS prevalence in Asia. The results of present study indicated that females are at higher risk for MS than males in both sporadic and familial MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Amini
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Almasi-Hashiani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sahraian
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masood Najafi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharareh Eskandarieh
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Morgan ML, Brideau C, Teo W, Caprariello AV, Stys PK. Label-free assessment of myelin status using birefringence microscopy. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 360:109226. [PMID: 34052286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Label-free methods for quantifying myelination can reduce expense, time, and variability in results when examining tissue white matter pathology. NEW METHOD We sought to determine whether the optical birefringent properties of myelin could be exploited to determine myelination status of white matter in tissue sections. Sections of forebrains of mice (normal, and treated with cuprizone to cause demyelination) were examined by birefringence using a birefringence imaging system (Thorlabs LCC7201), and results compared with sections stained using Luxol Fast Blue. RESULTS Quantitative birefringence analysis of myelin was not only reliable in detecting demyelination, but also showed abnormalities that preceded myelin loss in cuprizone-treated mice. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Subtle myelin pathology visible with electron microscopy but not with conventional histopathological staining was readily detected with birefringence microscopy. CONCLUSIONS Birefringence imaging provides a rapid, label-free method of analyzing the myelin content and nanostructural status in longitudinal white matter structures, being sensitive to subtle myelin changes that precede overt pathological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Lynn Morgan
- University of Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W. HRIC 1B37A, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Craig Brideau
- University of Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W. HRIC 1B37A, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Wulin Teo
- University of Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W. HRIC 1B37A, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Andrew Vincent Caprariello
- University of Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W. HRIC 1B37A, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Peter K Stys
- University of Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W. HRIC 1B37A, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Krugmann B, Koutsioubas A, Haris L, Micciulla S, Lairez D, Radulescu A, Förster S, Stadler AM. Adhesion Process of Biomimetic Myelin Membranes Triggered by Myelin Basic Protein. Front Chem 2021; 9:631277. [PMID: 34017815 PMCID: PMC8129001 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.631277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The myelin sheath-a multi-double-bilayer membrane wrapped around axons-is an essential part of the nervous system which enables rapid signal conduction. Damage of this complex membrane system results in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The process in which myelin is generated in vivo is called myelination. In our study, we investigated the adhesion process of large unilamellar vesicles with a supported membrane bilayer that was coated with myelin basic protein (MBP) using time-resolved neutron reflectometry. Our aim was to mimic and to study the myelination process of membrane systems having either a lipid-composition resembling that of native myelin or that of the standard animal model for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) which represents MS-like conditions. We were able to measure the kinetics of the partial formation of a double bilayer in those systems and to characterize the scattering length density profiles of the initial and final states of the membrane. The kinetics could be modeled using a random sequential adsorption simulation. By using a free energy minimization method, we were able to calculate the shape of the adhered vesicles and to determine the adhesion energy per MBP. For the native membrane the resulting adhesion energy per MBP is larger than that of the EAE modified membrane type. Our observations might help in understanding myelination and especially remyelination-a process in which damaged myelin is repaired-which is a promising candidate for treatment of the still mostly incurable demyelinating diseases such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Krugmann
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexandros Koutsioubas
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany
| | - Luman Haris
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Didier Lairez
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, École Polytechnique, CEA, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany
| | - Stephan Förster
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Stadler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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11
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Teo W, Caprariello AV, Morgan ML, Luchicchi A, Schenk GJ, Joseph JT, Geurts JJG, Stys PK. Nile Red fluorescence spectroscopy reports early physicochemical changes in myelin with high sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2016897118. [PMID: 33593907 PMCID: PMC7923366 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016897118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular composition of myelin membranes determines their structure and function. Even minute changes to the biochemical balance can have profound consequences for axonal conduction and the synchronicity of neural networks. Hypothesizing that the earliest indication of myelin injury involves changes in the composition and/or polarity of its constituent lipids, we developed a sensitive spectroscopic technique for defining the chemical polarity of myelin lipids in fixed frozen tissue sections from rodent and human. The method uses a simple staining procedure involving the lipophilic dye Nile Red, whose fluorescence spectrum varies according to the chemical polarity of the microenvironment into which the dye embeds. Nile Red spectroscopy identified histologically intact yet biochemically altered myelin in prelesioned tissues, including mouse white matter following subdemyelinating cuprizone intoxication, as well as normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis brain. Nile Red spectroscopy offers a relatively simple yet highly sensitive technique for detecting subtle myelin changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulin Teo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Andrew V Caprariello
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Megan L Morgan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Antonio Luchicchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert J Schenk
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey T Joseph
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jeroen J G Geurts
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter K Stys
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
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Membrane stiffness and myelin basic protein binding strength as molecular origin of multiple sclerosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16691. [PMID: 33028889 PMCID: PMC7542173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin basic protein (MBP) and its interaction with lipids of the myelin sheath plays an important part in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies observed that changes in the myelin lipid composition lead to instabilities and enhanced local curvature of MBP-lipid multilayer structures. We investigated the molecular origin of the instability and found that the diseased lipid membrane has a 25% lower bending rigidity, thus destabilizing smooth \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$>1\,$$\end{document}>1µm curvature radius structures such as in giant unilamellar vesicles. MBP-mediated assembling of lipid bilayers proceeds in two steps, with a slow second step occurring over many days where native lipid membranes assemble into well-defined multilayer structures, whereas diseased lipid membranes form folded assemblies with high local curvature. For both native and diseased lipid mixtures we find that MBP forms dense liquid phases on top of the lipid membranes mediating attractive membrane interactions. Furthermore, we observe MBP to insert into its bilayer leaflet side in case of the diseased lipid mixture, whereas there is no insertion for the native mixture. Insertion increases the local membrane curvature, and could be caused by a decrease of the sphingomyelin content of the diseased lipid mixture. These findings can help to open a pathway to remyelination strategies.
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Yoo SW, Agarwal A, Smith MD, Khuder SS, Baxi EG, Thomas AG, Rojas C, Moniruzzaman M, Slusher BS, Bergles DE, Calabresi PA, Haughey NJ. Inhibition of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 promotes remyelination. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/40/eaba5210. [PMID: 33008902 PMCID: PMC7852391 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba5210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Myelination requires a highly organized synthesis of multiple lipid species that regulate myelin curvature and compaction. For reasons that are not understood, central nervous system remyelinated axons often have thin myelin sheaths with a disorganized structure susceptible to secondary demyelination. We found that expression of the sphingomyelin hydrolase neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) during the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to myelinating oligodendrocytes changes their response to inflammatory cytokines. OPCs do not express nSMase2 and exhibit a protective/regenerative response to tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Oligodendrocytes express nSMase2 and exhibit a stress response to cytokine challenge that includes an overproduction of ceramide, a sphingolipid that forms negative curvatures in membranes. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of nSMase2 in myelinating oligodendrocytes normalized the ceramide content of remyelinated fibers and increased thickness and compaction. These results suggest that inhibition of nSMase2 could improve the quality of myelin and stabilize structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Wan Yoo
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Amit Agarwal
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Matthew D Smith
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Saja S Khuder
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Emily G Baxi
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ajit G Thomas
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Camilo Rojas
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mohammed Moniruzzaman
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Dwight E Bergles
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Norman J Haughey
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Pezzotti G, Adachi T, Miyamoto N, Yamamoto T, Boschetto F, Marin E, Zhu W, Kanamura N, Ohgitani E, Pizzi M, Sowa Y, Mazda O. Raman Probes for In Situ Molecular Analyses of Peripheral Nerve Myelination. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2327-2339. [PMID: 32603086 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The myelinating activity of living Schwann cells in coculture with neuronal cells was examined in situ in a Raman microprobe spectroscope. The Raman label-free approach revealed vibrational fingerprints directly related to the activity of Schwann cells' metabolites and identified molecular species peculiar to myelinating cells. The identified chemical species included antioxidants, such as hypotaurine and glutathione, and compartmentalized water, in addition to sphingolipids, phospholipids, and nucleoside triphosphates also present in neuronal and nonmyelinating Schwann cells. Raman maps at specific frequencies could be collected, which clearly visualized the myelinating action of Schwann cells and located the demyelinated ones. An important finding was the spectroscopic visualization of confined water in the myelin structure, which exhibited a quite pronounced Raman signal at ∼3470 cm-1. This peculiar signal, whose spatial location precisely corresponded to a low-frequency fingerprint of hypotaurine, was absent in unmyelinating cells and in bulk water. Raman enhancement was attributed to frustration in the hydrogen-bond network as induced by interactions with lipids in the myelin sheaths. According to a generally accepted morphological model of myelin, an explanation was offered of the peculiar Raman scattering of water confined in intraperiod lines, according to an ordered hydrogen bonding structure. The possibility of concurrently mapping antioxidant molecules and compartmentalized water structure with high spectral accuracy and microscopic spatial resolution enables probing myelinating activity and might play a key-role in future studies of neuronal pathologies. Compatible with life, Raman microprobe spectroscopy with the newly discovered probes could be suitable for developing advanced strategies in the reconstruction of injured nerves and nerve terminals at neuromuscular junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0854, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Adachi
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Nao Miyamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Infectious Diseases, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Francesco Boschetto
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Elia Marin
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Wenliang Zhu
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Narisato Kanamura
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eriko Ohgitani
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Yoshihiro Sowa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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Raasakka A, Kursula P. Flexible Players within the Sheaths: The Intrinsically Disordered Proteins of Myelin in Health and Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020470. [PMID: 32085570 PMCID: PMC7072810 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin ensheathes selected axonal segments within the nervous system, resulting primarily in nerve impulse acceleration, as well as mechanical and trophic support for neurons. In the central and peripheral nervous systems, various proteins that contribute to the formation and stability of myelin are present, which also harbor pathophysiological roles in myelin disease. Many myelin proteins have common attributes, including small size, hydrophobic segments, multifunctionality, longevity, and regions of intrinsic disorder. With recent advances in protein biophysical characterization and bioinformatics, it has become evident that intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are abundant in myelin, and their flexible nature enables multifunctionality. Here, we review known myelin IDPs, their conservation, molecular characteristics and functions, and their disease relevance, along with open questions and speculations. We place emphasis on classifying the molecular details of IDPs in myelin, and we correlate these with their various functions, including susceptibility to post-translational modifications, function in protein–protein and protein–membrane interactions, as well as their role as extended entropic chains. We discuss how myelin pathology can relate to IDPs and which molecular factors are potentially involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Raasakka
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Petri Kursula
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway;
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7A, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
- Correspondence:
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The Role of Vesicle Trafficking and Release in Oligodendrocyte Biology. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:620-629. [PMID: 31782103 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are a subtype of glial cells found within the central nervous system (CNS), responsible for the formation and maintenance of specialized myelin membranes which wrap neuronal axons. The development of myelin requires tight coordination for the cell to deliver lipid and protein building blocks to specific myelin segments at the right time. Both internal and external cues control myelination, thus the reception of these signals also requires precise regulation. In late years, a growing body of evidence indicates that oligodendrocytes, like many other cell types, may use extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a medium for transferring information. The field of EV research has expanded rapidly over the past decade, with new contributions that suggest EVs might have direct involvement in communications with neurons and other glial cells to fine tune oligodendroglial function. This functional role of EVs might also be maladaptive, as it has likewise been implicated in the spreading of toxic molecules within the brain during disease. In this review we will discuss the field's current understanding of extracellular vesicle biology within oligodendrocytes, and their contribution to physiologic and pathologic conditions.
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Fink L, Steiner A, Szekely O, Szekely P, Raviv U. Structure and Interactions between Charged Lipid Membranes in the Presence of Multivalent Ions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:9694-9703. [PMID: 31283884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
When aqueous salt solutions contain multivalent ions (like Ca2+ or Mg2+), strong correlation effects may lead to ion-bridging, net attraction, and tight-coupling between like-charged interfaces. To examine the effects of surface charge density, temperature, salt type, and salt concentration on the structures of tightly coupled charged interfaces, we have used mixed lipid membranes, containing either saturated or unsaturated tails in the presence of multivalent ions. We discovered that tightly coupled membrane lamellar phases, dominated by attractive interactions, coexisted with weakly coupled lamellar phases, dominated by repulsive interactions. To control the membrane charge density, we mixed lipids with negatively charged headgroups, DLPS and DOPS, with their zwitterionic analogue having the same tails, DLPC and DOPC, respectively. Using solution X-ray scattering we measured the lamellar repeat distance, D, at different ion concentrations, temperatures, and membrane charge densities. The multivalent ions tightly coupled the mixed lipid bilayers whose charged lipid molar fraction was between 0.1 and 1. The repeat distance of the tightly coupled phase was about 4 nm for the DLPS/DLPC mixtures and about 5 nm for the DOPS/DOPC mixtures. In this phase, the repeat distance slightly increased with increasing temperature and decreased with increasing charge density. When the molar fraction of charged lipid was 0.1 or 0.25, a less tightly coupled phase coexisted with the tightly coupled phase. The weakly coupled lamellar phase had significantly larger D values, although they were consistently shorter than the D values in monovalent salt solutions with similar screening lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Fink
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , 9190401 , Israel
| | - Ariel Steiner
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , 9190401 , Israel
| | - Or Szekely
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , 9190401 , Israel
| | - Pablo Szekely
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , 9190401 , Israel
| | - Uri Raviv
- Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , 9190401 , Israel
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