1
|
Wu W, Nie G, Lin J, Huang J, Guo X, Chen M, Fang X, Mao Y, Li Y, Wang L, Tao X, Gao Y, Yang Z, Huang J. Regulation of Glandular Size and Phytoalexin Biosynthesis by a Negative Feedback Loop in Cotton. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403059. [PMID: 38840438 PMCID: PMC11321651 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved diverse defense mechanisms encompassing physical and chemical barriers. Cotton pigment glands are known for containing various defense metabolites, but the precise regulation of gland size to modulate defense compound levels remains enigmatic. Here, it is discovered that the VQ domain-containing protein JAVL negatively regulates pigment gland size and the biosynthesis of defense compounds, while the MYC2-like transcription factor GoPGF has the opposite effect. Notably, GoPGF directly activates the expression of JAVL, whereas JAVL suppresses GoPGF transcription, establishing a negative feedback loop that maintains the expression homeostasis between GoPGF and JAVL. Furthermore, it is observed that JAVL negatively regulates jasmonate levels by inhibiting the expression of jasmonate biosynthetic genes and interacting with GoPGF to attenuate its activation effects, thereby maintaining homeostatic regulation of jasmonate levels. The increased expression ratio of GoPGF to JAVL leads to enlarged pigment glands and elevated jasmonates and defense compounds, enhancing insect and pathogen resistance in cotton. These findings unveil a new mechanism for regulating gland size and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, providing innovative strategies for strengthening plant defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Kai Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Gui‐Bin Nie
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jia‐Ling Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai200031China
| | - Jia‐Fa Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xiao‐Xiang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Mei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West ChinaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Bo Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Yan Li
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug DiscoveryBohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug DiscoveryYantaiShandong264117China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Ling‐Jian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | | | - Yiqun Gao
- Department of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington campusUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamLE12 5RDUnited Kingdom
| | - Zuo‐Ren Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‐breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangHenan455000China
- Western Agricultural Research CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangjiXinjiang831100China
| | - Jin‐Quan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu W, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Li J, Zhu W, Ma Z, Li W. Terpene synthases GhTPS6 and GhTPS47 participate in resistance to Verticillium dahliae in upland cotton. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108798. [PMID: 38852238 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Terpene synthases (TPSs) are enzymes responsible for catalyzing the production of diverse terpenes, the largest class of secondary metabolites in plants. Here, we identified 107 TPS gene loci encompassing 92 full-length TPS genes in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Phylogenetic analysis showed they were divided into six subfamilies. Segmental duplication and tandem duplication events contributed greatly to the expansion of TPS gene family, particularly the TPS-a and TPS-b subfamilies. Expression profile analysis screened out that GhTPSs may mediate the interaction between cotton and Verticillium dahliae. Three-dimensional structures and subcellular localizations of the two selected GhTPSs, GhTPS6 and GhTPS47, which belong to the TPS-a subfamily, demonstrated similarity in protein structures and nucleus and cytoplasm localization. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of the two GhTPSs yielded plants characterized by increased wilting and chlorosis, more severe vascular browning, and higher disease index than control plants. Additionally, knockdown of GhTPS6 and GhTPS47 led to the down-regulation of cotton terpene synthesis following V. dahliae infection, indicating that these two genes may positively regulate resistance to V. dahliae through the modulation of disease-resistant terpene biosynthesis. Overall, our study represents a comprehensive analysis of the G. hirsutum TPS gene family, revealing their potential roles in defense responses against Verticillium wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuzhi Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zongbin Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun Y, Han Y, Liu B, Jiang M, Sheng K, Li H, Yang P, Zhu QH, Sun J, Chen J, Zhu S, Zhao T. GoPGS regulates cotton pigment gland size and contributes to biotic stress tolerance through jasmonic acid pathways. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:839-845. [PMID: 38845449 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yifei Han
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Institute of Hainan, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kuang Sheng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huazu Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qian-Hao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Jie Sun
- Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Jinhong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Institute of Hainan, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shuijin Zhu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Institute of Hainan, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tianlun Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Institute of Hainan, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin X, Tang B, Li Z, Shi L, Zhu H. Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of CYP450 genes in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). BMC Genomics 2024; 25:58. [PMID: 38218763 PMCID: PMC10787477 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-09965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450s) play a crucial role in various biochemical reactions involved in the synthesis of antioxidants, pigments, structural polymers, and defense-related compounds in plants. As sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) holds significant economic importance, a comprehensive analysis of CYP450 genes in this plant species can offer valuable insights into the evolutionary relationships and functional characteristics of these genes. RESULTS In this study, we successfully identified and categorized 95 CYP450 genes from the sweet potato genome into 5 families and 31 subfamilies. The predicted subcellular localization results indicate that CYP450s are distributed in the cell membrane system. The promoter region of the IbCYP450 genes contains various cis-acting elements related to plant hormones and stress responses. In addition, ten conserved motifs (Motif1-Motif10) have been identified in the IbCYP450 family proteins, with 5 genes lacking introns and only one exon. We observed extensive duplication events within the CYP450 gene family, which may account for its expansion. The gene duplication analysis results showed the presence of 15 pairs of genes with tandem repeats. Interaction network analysis reveals that IbCYP450 families can interact with multiple target genes and there are protein-protein interactions within the family. Transcription factor interaction analysis suggests that IbCYP450 families interact with multiple transcription factors. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed tissue-specific expression patterns of CYP450 genes in sweet potatoes, as well as their response to abiotic stress and plant hormones. Notably, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) analysis indicated the involvement of CYP450 genes in the defense response against nonbiological stresses in sweet potatoes. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a foundation for further investigations aiming to elucidate the biological functions of CYP450 genes in sweet potatoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongjian Lin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Binquan Tang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhenqin Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Hongbo Zhu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang ZN, Long L, Zhao XT, Shang SZ, Xu FC, Zhao JR, Hu GY, Mi LY, Song CP, Gao W. The dual role of GoPGF reveals that the pigment glands are synthetic sites of gossypol in aerial parts of cotton. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:314-328. [PMID: 37865884 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Gossypol and the related terpenoids are stored in the pigment gland to protect cotton plants from biotic stresses, but little is known about the synthetic sites of these metabolites. Here, we showed that GoPGF, a key gene regulating gland formation, was expressed in gland cells and roots. The chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis demonstrated that GoPGF targets GhJUB1 to regulate gland morphogenesis. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) showed high accumulation of gossypol biosynthetic genes in gland cells. Moreover, integrated analysis of the ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data revealed that GoPGF binds to the promoter of several gossypol biosynthetic genes. The cotton callus overexpressing GoPGF had dramatically increased the gossypol levels, indicating that GoPGF can directly activate the biosynthesis of gossypol. In addition, the gopgf mutant analysis revealed the existence of both GoPGF-dependent and -independent regulation of gossypol production in cotton roots. Our study revealed that the pigment glands are synthetic sites of gossypol in aerial parts of cotton and that GoPGF plays a dual role in regulating gland morphogenesis and gossypol biosynthesis. The study provides new insights for exploring the complex relationship between glands and the metabolites they store in cotton and other plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Nan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Lu Long
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Shen-Zhai Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Fu-Chun Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
- Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Jing-Ruo Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Gai-Yuan Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, Hainan, 572024, China
| | - Ling-Yu Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Wei Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin JL, Chen L, Wu WK, Guo XX, Yu CH, Xu M, Nie GB, Dun JL, Li Y, Xu B, Wang LJ, Chen XY, Gao W, Huang JQ. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network of terpenoid biosynthesis in cotton secretory glandular cells. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1990-2003. [PMID: 37849250 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants can synthesize a wide range of terpenoids in response to various environmental cues. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms governing terpenoid biosynthesis at the cellular level remain largely elusive. In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to comprehensively characterize the transcriptome profile of cotton leaves and established a hierarchical transcriptional network regulating cell-specific terpenoid production. We observed substantial expression levels of genes associated with the biosynthesis of both volatile terpenes (such as β-caryophyllene and β-myrcene) and non-volatile gossypol-type terpenoids in secretory glandular cells. Moreover, two novel transcription factors, namely GoHSFA4a and GoNAC42, are identified to function downstream of the Gossypium PIGMENT GLAND FORMATION genes. Both transcription factors could directly regulate the expression of terpenoid biosynthetic genes in secretory glandular cells in response to developmental and environmental stimuli. For convenient retrieval of the single-cell RNA sequencing data generated in this study, we developed a user-friendly web server . Our findings not only offer valuable insights into the precise regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis genes in cotton leaves but also provide potential targets for cotton breeding endeavors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Longxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng-Hui Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Gui-Bin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun-Ling Dun
- Analytical Applications Center, Shimadzu (China) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Baofu Xu
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ling-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Wei Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), Henan 475004, China.
| | - Jin-Quan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wen X, Chen Z, Yang Z, Wang M, Jin S, Wang G, Zhang L, Wang L, Li J, Saeed S, He S, Wang Z, Wang K, Kong Z, Li F, Zhang X, Chen X, Zhu Y. A comprehensive overview of cotton genomics, biotechnology and molecular biological studies. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2214-2256. [PMID: 36899210 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is an irreplaceable economic crop currently domesticated in the human world for its extremely elongated fiber cells specialized in seed epidermis, which makes it of high research and application value. To date, numerous research on cotton has navigated various aspects, from multi-genome assembly, genome editing, mechanism of fiber development, metabolite biosynthesis, and analysis to genetic breeding. Genomic and 3D genomic studies reveal the origin of cotton species and the spatiotemporal asymmetric chromatin structure in fibers. Mature multiple genome editing systems, such as CRISPR/Cas9, Cas12 (Cpf1) and cytidine base editing (CBE), have been widely used in the study of candidate genes affecting fiber development. Based on this, the cotton fiber cell development network has been preliminarily drawn. Among them, the MYB-bHLH-WDR (MBW) transcription factor complex and IAA and BR signaling pathway regulate the initiation; various plant hormones, including ethylene, mediated regulatory network and membrane protein overlap fine-regulate elongation. Multistage transcription factors targeting CesA 4, 7, and 8 specifically dominate the whole process of secondary cell wall thickening. And fluorescently labeled cytoskeletal proteins can observe real-time dynamic changes in fiber development. Furthermore, research on the synthesis of cotton secondary metabolite gossypol, resistance to diseases and insect pests, plant architecture regulation, and seed oil utilization are all conducive to finding more high-quality breeding-related genes and subsequently facilitating the cultivation of better cotton varieties. This review summarizes the paramount research achievements in cotton molecular biology over the last few decades from the above aspects, thereby enabling us to conduct a status review on the current studies of cotton and provide strong theoretical support for the future direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Wen
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Zuoren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Maojun Wang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guangda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lingjian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianying Li
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sumbul Saeed
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shoupu He
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhaosheng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China.
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang Y, Du X, Xu Q, Yin C, Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu X, Yan H. Biodegradation of Gossypol by Aspergillus terreus-YJ01. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2148. [PMID: 37763992 PMCID: PMC10535836 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gossypol, generally found in the roots, stems, leaves, and, especially, the seeds of cotton plants, is highly toxic to animals and humans, which inhibits the use of cotton stalks as a feed resource. Here, a promising fungal strain for biodegrading gossypol was successfully isolated from the soil of cotton stalk piles in Xinjiang Province, China, and identified as Aspergillus terreus-YJ01 with the analysis of ITS. Initial gossypol of 250 mg·L-1 could be removed by 97% within 96 h by YJ01, and initial gossypol of 150 mg·L-1 could also be catalyzed by 98% or 99% within 36 h by the intracellular or extracellular crude enzymes of YJ01. Sucrose and sodium nitrate were found to be the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for the growth of YJ01, and the optimal initial pH and inoculum size for the growth of YJ01 were 6.0 and 1%, respectively. To further elucidate the mechanisms underlying gossypol biodegradation by YJ01, the draft genome of YJ01 was sequenced using Illumina HiSeq, which is 31,566,870 bp in length with a GC content of 52.27% and a total of 9737 genes. Eight genes and enzymes were predicted to be involved in gossypol biodegradation. Among them, phosphoglycerate kinase, citrate synthase, and other enzymes are related to the energy supply process. With sufficient energy, β-1, 4-endo-xylanase may achieve the purpose of biodegrading gossypol. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into both the basic research and the application of A. terreus-YJ01 in the biodegradation of gossypol in cotton stalks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hai Yan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lanier ER, Andersen TB, Hamberger B. Plant terpene specialized metabolism: complex networks or simple linear pathways? THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1178-1201. [PMID: 36891828 PMCID: PMC11166267 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
From the perspectives of pathway evolution, discovery and engineering of plant specialized metabolism, the nature of the biosynthetic routes represents a critical aspect. Classical models depict biosynthesis typically from an end-point angle and as linear, for example, connecting central and specialized metabolism. As the number of functionally elucidated routes increased, the enzymatic foundation of complex plant chemistries became increasingly well understood. The perception of linear pathway models has been severely challenged. With a focus on plant terpenoid specialized metabolism, we review here illustrative examples supporting that plants have evolved complex networks driving chemical diversification. The completion of several diterpene, sesquiterpene and monoterpene routes shows complex formation of scaffolds and their subsequent functionalization. These networks show that branch points, including multiple sub-routes, mean that metabolic grids are the rule rather than the exception. This concept presents significant implications for biotechnological production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Björn Hamberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Molecular Plant Sciences Building, 1066 Bogue Street, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kong L, Li S, Qian Y, Cheng H, Zhang Y, Zuo D, Lv L, Wang Q, Li J, Song G. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Key Genes Regulating Gossypol Synthesis in Tetraploid Cultivated Cotton. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1144. [PMID: 37372323 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraploid cultivated cotton (Gossypium spp.) produces cottonseeds rich in protein and oil. Gossypol and related terpenoids, stored in the pigment glands of cottonseeds, are toxic to human beings and monogastric animals. However, a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of gossypol and gland formation is still lacking. We performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of four glanded versus two glandless tetraploid cultivars distributed in Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on 431 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) uncovered a candidate module that was strongly associated with the reduction in or disappearance of gossypol and pigment glands. Further, the co-expression network helped us to focus on 29 hub genes, which played key roles in the regulation of related genes in the candidate module. The present study contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of gossypol and gland formation and serves as a rich potential source for breeding cotton cultivars with gossypol-rich plants and gossypol-free cottonseed, which is beneficial for improving food safety, environmental protection, and economic gains of tetraploid cultivated cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linglei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
- Semi-Arid Agriculture Engineering & Technology Research Center of P. R. China, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Shaoqi Li
- Institute of Cotton, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yuyuan Qian
- Institute of Cotton, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Hailiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Youping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Dongyun Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Limin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Qiaolian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Junlan Li
- Institute of Cotton, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Guoli Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wen T, Xu X, Ren A, Zhao G, Wu J. Genome-wide identification of terpenoid synthase family genes in Gossypium hirsutum and functional dissection of its subfamily cadinene synthase A in gossypol synthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1162237. [PMID: 37180387 PMCID: PMC10169749 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1162237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant terpenoid synthase (TPS) family genes participate in metabolite synthesis, hormones, gossypol, etc. Here, we genome-widely identified TPS family genes in 12 land plant species. Four hundred and thirty TPS-related genes were divided into seven subfamilies. The TPS-c in Bryophytes was suggested to be the earliest subfamily, followed by the TPS-e/f and TPS-h presence in ferns. TPS-a, the largest number of genes, was derived from monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Collinearity analysis showed that 38 out of the 76 TPS genes in G. hirsutum were collinear within G. arboreum and G. raimondii. Twenty-one GhTPS-a genes belong to the cadinene synthase (GhCDN) subfamily and were divided into five groups, A, B, C, D, and E. The special cis-elements in the promoters of 12 GhCDN-A genes suggested that the JA and ethylene signaling pathways may be involved in their expression regulation. When 12 GhCDN-A genes were simultaneously silenced through virus-induced gene silencing, the glandular color of GhCDN-A-silenced plants was lighter than that of the control, supported by a gossypol content decrease based on HPLC testing, suggesting that GhCDN-A subgroup genes participate in gossypol synthesis. According to RNA-seq analysis, gossypol synthesis-related genes and disease-resistant genes in the glandular variety exhibited upregulated expression compared to the glandless variety, whereas hormone signaling-related genes were downregulated. All in all, these results revealed plant TPS gene evolution rules and dissected the TPS subfamily, GhCDN-A, function in gossypol synthesis in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Wen
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aiping Ren
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ge Zhao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiahe Wu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dai Y, Liu S, Zuo D, Wang Q, Lv L, Zhang Y, Cheng H, Yu JZ, Song G. Identification of MYB gene family and functional analysis of GhMYB4 in cotton (Gossypium spp.). Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:755-766. [PMID: 37027022 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-02005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factors (TFs) form a large gene family involved in a variety of biological processes in plants. Little is known about their roles in the development of cotton pigment glands. In this study, 646 MYB members were identified in Gossypium hirsutum genome and phylogenetic classification was analyzed. Evolution analysis revealed assymetric evolution of GhMYBs during polyploidization and sequence divergence of MYBs in G. hirustum was preferentially happend in D sub-genome. WGCNA (weighted gene co-expression network analysis) showed that four modules had potential relationship with gland development or gossypol biosynthesis in cotton. Eight differentially expressed GhMYB genes were identified by screening transcriptome data of three pairs of glanded and glandless cotton lines. Of these, four were selected as candidate genes for cotton pigment gland formation or gossypol biosynthesis by qRT-PCR assay. Silencing of GH_A11G1361 (GhMYB4) downregulated expression of multiple genes in gossypol biosynthesis pathway, indicating it could be involved in gossypol biosynthesis. The potential protein interaction network suggests that several MYBs may have indirect interaction with GhMYC2-like, a key regulator of pigment gland formation. Our study was the systematic analysis of MYB genes in cotton pigment gland development, providing candidate genes for further study on the roles of cotton MYB genes in pigment gland formation, gossypol biosynthesis and future crop plant improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Dai
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shang Liu
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Dongyun Zuo
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Qiaolian Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Limin Lv
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Youping Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hailiang Cheng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| | - John Z Yu
- USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
| | - Guoli Song
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun Y, Han Y, Sheng K, Yang P, Cao Y, Li H, Zhu QH, Chen J, Zhu S, Zhao T. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the developmental trajectory and transcriptional regulatory networks of pigment glands in Gossypium bickii. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:694-708. [PMID: 36772793 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive utilization of cottonseeds is limited by the presence of pigment glands and its inclusion gossypol. The ideal cotton has glandless seeds but a glanded plant, a trait found in only a few Australian wild cotton species, including Gossypium bickii. Introgression of this trait into cultivated species has proved to be difficult. Understanding the biological processes toward pigment gland morphogenesis and the associated underlying molecular mechanisms will facilitate breeding of cultivated cotton varieties with the trait of glandless seeds and glanded plant. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on 12 222 protoplasts isolated from cotyledons of germinating G. bickii seeds 48 h after imbibition. Clustered into 14 distinct clusters unsupervisedly, these cells could be grouped into eight cell populations with the assistance of known cell marker genes. The pigment gland cells were well separated from others and could be separated into pigment gland parenchyma cells, secretory cells, and apoptotic cells. By integrating the pigment gland cell developmental trajectory, transcription factor regulatory networks, and core transcription factor functional validation, we established a model for pigment gland formation. In this model, light and gibberellin were verified to promote the formation of pigment glands. In addition, three novel genes, GbiERF114 (ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 114), GbiZAT11 (ZINC FINGER OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 11), and GbiNTL9 (NAC TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-LIKE 9), were found to affect pigment gland formation. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into pigment gland morphogenesis and lay the cornerstone for future cotton scRNA-seq investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yifei Han
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kuang Sheng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuefen Cao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huazu Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian-Hao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jinhong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Hainan, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuijin Zhu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Hainan, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Tianlun Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Hainan, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Removing the toxic enantiomer from crop products with selective gene editing. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:513-514. [PMID: 36932144 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
|
15
|
Lin JL, Fang X, Li JX, Chen ZW, Wu WK, Guo XX, Liu NJ, Huang JF, Chen FY, Wang LJ, Xu B, Martin C, Chen XY, Huang JQ. Dirigent gene editing of gossypol enantiomers for toxicity-depleted cotton seeds. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:605-615. [PMID: 36928775 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Axial chirality of biaryls can generate varied bioactivities. Gossypol is a binaphthyl compound made by cotton plants. Of its two axially chiral isomers, (-)-gossypol is the bioactive form in mammals and has antispermatogenic activity, and its accumulation in cotton seeds poses health concerns. Here we identified two extracellular dirigent proteins (DIRs) from Gossypium hirsutum, GhDIR5 and GhDIR6, which impart the hemigossypol oxidative coupling into (-)- and (+)-gossypol, respectively. To reduce cotton seed toxicity, we disrupted GhDIR5 by genome editing, which eliminated (-)-gossypol but had no effects on other phytoalexins, including (+)-gossypol, that provide pest resistance. Reciprocal mutagenesis identified three residues responsible for enantioselectivity. The (-)-gossypol-forming DIRs emerged later than their enantiocomplementary counterparts, from tandem gene duplications that occurred shortly after the cotton genus diverged. Our study offers insight into how plants control enantiomeric ratios and how to selectively modify the chemical spectra of cotton plants and thereby improve crop quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ling Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Xu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Wen-Kai Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Jing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Fa Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Yan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Jian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baofu Xu
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Quan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Gao J, Ma L, Tu L, Hu T, Wu X, Su P, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Li D, Zhou J, Yin Y, Tong Y, Zhao H, Lu Y, Wang J, Gao W, Huang L. Tandemly duplicated CYP82Ds catalyze 14-hydroxylation in triptolide biosynthesis and precursor production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nat Commun 2023; 14:875. [PMID: 36797237 PMCID: PMC9936527 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Triptolide is a valuable multipotent antitumor diterpenoid in Tripterygium wilfordii, and its C-14 hydroxyl group is often selected for modification to enhance both the bioavailability and antitumor efficacy. However, the mechanism for 14-hydroxylation formation remains unknown. Here, we discover 133 kb of tandem duplicated CYP82Ds encoding 11 genes on chromosome 12 and characterize CYP82D274 and CYP82D263 as 14-hydroxylases that catalyze the metabolic grid in triptolide biosynthesis. The two CYP82Ds catalyze the aromatization of miltiradiene, which has been repeatedly reported to be a spontaneous process. In vivo assays and evaluations of the kinetic parameters of CYP82Ds indicate the most significant affinity to dehydroabietic acid among multiple intermediates. The precursor 14-hydroxy-dehydroabietic acid is successfully produced by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our study provides genetic elements for further elucidation of the downstream biosynthetic pathways and heterologous production of triptolide and of the currently intractable biosynthesis of other 14-hydroxyl labdane-type secondary metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lichan Tu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiadian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Y, Nour-Eldin HH, Zhang L, Li Z, Fernie AR, Ren M. Biotechnological detoxification: an unchanging source-sink balance strategy for crop improvement. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:135-138. [PMID: 36443186 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The wide occurrence of natural phytotoxins renders many crops unfit for human consumption. To overcome this problem and produce detoxified crop varieties, we propose the use of biotechnological strategies that can enhance the harvest index without the need to increase crop biomass or alter whole plant architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Liu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark
| | - Ling Zhang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Zhanshuai Li
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany.
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Ma L, Su P, Huang L, Gao W. Cytochrome P450s in plant terpenoid biosynthesis: discovery, characterization and metabolic engineering. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:1-21. [PMID: 34865579 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2003292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As the largest family of natural products, terpenoids play valuable roles in medicine, agriculture, cosmetics and food. However, the traditional methods that rely on direct extraction from the original plants not only produce low yields, but also result in waste of resources, and are not applicable at all to endangered species. Modern heterologous biosynthesis is considered a promising, efficient, and sustainable production method, but it relies on the premise of a complete analysis of the biosynthetic pathway of terpenoids, especially the functionalization processes involving downstream cytochrome P450s. In this review, we systematically introduce the biotech approaches used to discover and characterize plant terpenoid-related P450s in recent years. In addition, we propose corresponding metabolic engineering approaches to increase the effective expression of P450 and improve the yield of terpenoids, and also elaborate on metabolic engineering strategies and examples of heterologous biosynthesis of terpenoids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and plant hosts. Finally, we provide perspectives for the biotech approaches to be developed for future research on terpenoid-related P450.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhang
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Su
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sheng K, Sun Y, Liu M, Cao Y, Han Y, Li C, Muhammad U, Daud MK, Wang W, Li H, Samrana S, Hui Y, Zhu S, Chen J, Zhao T. A reference-grade genome assembly for Gossypium bickii and insights into its genome evolution and formation of pigment glands and gossypol. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100421. [PMID: 35949167 PMCID: PMC9860168 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
20
|
Chen X, Liu YQ, Wu MN, Yan L, Chen CY, Mu YP, Liu YJ, Wang MY, Chen XY, Mao YB. A highly accumulated secretory protein from cotton bollworm interacts with basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors to dampen plant defense. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:265-278. [PMID: 36131553 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Caterpillar oral secretion (OS) contains active molecules that modulate plant defense signaling. We isolated an effector-like protein (Highly Accumulated Secretory Protein 1, HAS1) from cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) that is the most highly accumulated secretory protein of the nondigestive components in OS and belongs to venom R-like protein. Elimination of HAS1 by plant-mediated RNA interference reduced the suppression of OS on the defense response in plants. Plants expressing HAS1 are more susceptible to insect herbivory accompanied by the reduced expressions of multiple defense genes. HAS1 binds to the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, including GoPGF involved in pigmented gland formation and defense compounds biosynthesis in cotton and MYC3/MYC4 the main regulators in jasmonate (JA) signaling in Arabidopsis. The binding activity is required for HAS1 to inhibit the activation of bHLHs on plant defense gene expressions. Together with our previous study that another venom R-like protein HARP1 in cotton bollworm OS blocks JA signaling by interacting with JASMONATE-ZIM-domain repressors, we conclude that the venom R-like proteins in OS interfere with plant defense in a dual suppression manner. Considering the venom proteins in parasitic wasp assault the immune system of its host animal, our investigation reveals their conserved function in carnivorous and herbivorous insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yao-Qian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Man-Ni Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Pei Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Mu-Yang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ying-Bo Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gao W, Zhu X, Ding L, Xu B, Gao Y, Cheng Y, Dai F, Liu B, Si Z, Fang L, Guan X, Zhu S, Zhang T, Hu Y. Development of the engineered "glanded plant and glandless seed" cotton. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 5:100130. [PMID: 35992508 PMCID: PMC9386459 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
After fiber, cottonseed is the second most important by-product of cotton production. However, high concentrations of toxic free gossypol deposited in the glands of the cottonseed greatly hamper its effective usage as food or feed. Here, we developed a cotton line with edible cottonseed by specifically silencing the endogenous expression of GoPGF in the seeds, which led to a glandless phenotype with an ultra-low gossypol content in the seeds and nearly normal gossypol in other parts of the plants. This engineered cotton maintains normal resistance to insect pests, but the gossypol content in the seeds dropped by 98%, and thus, it can be consumed directly as food. The trait of a low gossypol content in the cottonseeds was stable and heritable, while the protein, oil content, and fiber yield or quality were nearly unchanged compared to the transgenic receptor W0. In addition, comparative transcriptome analysis showed that down-regulated genes in the ovules of the glandless cotton were enriched in terpenoid biosynthesis, indicating the underlying relationship between gland formation and gossypol biosynthesis. These results pave the way for the comprehensive utilization of cotton as a fiber, oil, and feed crop in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Xiefei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lingyun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Biyu Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Fan Dai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Bingliang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology & Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhanfeng Si
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Xueying Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Shuijin Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310029, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pandeya D, Campbell LM, Puckhaber L, Suh C, Rathore KS. Gossypol and related compounds are produced and accumulate in the aboveground parts of the cotton plant, independent of roots as the source. PLANTA 2022; 257:21. [PMID: 36538120 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Use of Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed event as a scion in a graft combination confirmed that roots are not a source of terpenoids in the aboveground parts of a cotton plant. Gossypol and related terpenoids, derived from the same basic biosynthetic pathway, are present in the numerous lysigenous glands in the aboveground parts of a cotton plant. Roots, with sparse presence of such glands, do produce significant amount of gossypol and a different set of terpenoids. These compounds serve a defensive function against various pests and pathogens. This investigation was undertaken to examine whether gossypol produced in the roots can replenish the gossypol content of the cottonseed-glands that are largely devoid of this terpenoid in a genetically engineered event. Graft unions between a scion derived from the RNAi-based, Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed (ULGCS) event, TAM66274, and a rootstock derived from wild-type parental genotype, Coker 312 (Coker), were compared with various other grafts that served as controls. The results showed that the seeds developing within the scion of test grafts (ULGCS/Coker) continued to maintain the ultra-low gossypol levels found in the TAM66274 seeds. Molecular analyses confirmed that while the key gene involved in gland development showed normal activity in the developing embryos in the scion, two genes encoding the enzymes involved in gossypol biosynthesis were suppressed. Thus, the gene expression data confirmed the results obtained from biochemical measurements and collectively demonstrated that roots are not a source of gossypol for the aboveground parts of the cotton plant. These findings, combined with the results from previous investigations, support the assertion that gossypol and related terpenoids are produced in a highly localized manner in various organs of the cotton plant and are retained therein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Pandeya
- Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - LeAnne M Campbell
- Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lorraine Puckhaber
- Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Charles Suh
- Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Keerti S Rathore
- Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hao Y, Dong Z, Zhao Y, Tang W, Wang X, Li J, Wang L, Hu Y, Fang L, Guan X, Gu F, Liu Z, Zhang Z. Phylogenomic analysis of cytochrome P450 multigene family and its differential expression analysis in pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1078377. [PMID: 36561456 PMCID: PMC9763298 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1078377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant cytochrome P450 is a multifamily enzyme widely involved in biochemical reactions for the synthesis of antioxidants, pigments, structural polymers, and defense-related compounds. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an economically important plant. A comprehensive identification and characterization of P450 genes would provide valuable information on the evolutionary relationships of genes and their functional characteristics. In this study, we identified P450 genes in pepper with the aid of bioinformatics methods to investigate the phylogenetic relation, gene structure, chromosomal localization, duplicated events, and collinearity among Solanaceae species. We identified and classified 478 genes of P450 from the pepper genome into two major clades and nine subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. Massive duplication events were found in the P450 gene family, which may explain the expansion of the P450 gene family. In addition, we also found that these duplication genes may have undergone strict purification selection during evolution. Gene expression analysis showed that some P450 genes that belong to clan 71 in pepper may play an important role in placenta and pericarp development. Through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and transcriptome analysis, we also found that many P450 genes were related to defensive and phytohormone response in pepper. These findings provide insight for further studies to identify the biological functions of the P450 genes in pepper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Hao
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Dong
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongyan Zhao
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenchen Tang
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Jun Li
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Guan
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fenglin Gu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, China
| | - Ziji Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Y, Zhai Y, Li Y, Zheng J, Zhang J, Kumar M, Li F, Ren M. Multiple strategies to detoxify cottonseed as human food source. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1080407. [PMID: 36544881 PMCID: PMC9760795 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1080407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Yaohua Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingge Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Jinfa Zhang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Maozhi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhan C, Lei L, Guo H, Zhou S, Xu C, Liu Z, Wu Z, Deng Y, Miao Y, Han Y, Zhang M, Li H, Huang S, Yang C, Zhang F, Li Y, Liu L, Liu X, Abbas HMK, Fernie AR, Yuan M, Luo J. Disease resistance conferred by components of essential chrysanthemum oil and the epigenetic regulation of OsTPS1. SCIENCE CHINA LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 66:1108-1118. [PMID: 36462108 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The sesquiterpene alpha-bisabolol is the predominant active ingredient in essential oils that are highly valued in the cosmetics industry due to its wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties. Alpha-bisabolol was thought to be restricted to Compositae plants. Here we reveal that alpha-bisabolol is also synthesized in rice, a non-Compositae plant, where it acts as a novel sesquiterpene phytoalexin. Overexpressing the gene responsible for the biosynthesis of alpha-bisabolol, OsTPS1, conferred bacterial blight resistance in rice. Phylogenomic analyses revealed that alpha-bisabolol-synthesizing enzymes in rice and Compositae evolved independently. Further experiments demonstrated that the natural variation in the disease resistance level was associated with differential transcription of OsTPS1 due to polymorphisms in its promoter. We demonstrated that OsTPS1 was regulated at the epigenetic level by JMJ705 through the methyl jasmonate pathway. These data reveal the cross-family accumulation and regulatory mechanisms of alpha-bisabolol production.
Collapse
|
26
|
Sethi A, Bhandawat A, Pati PK. Engineering medicinal plant-derived CYPs: a promising strategy for production of high-valued secondary metabolites. PLANTA 2022; 256:119. [PMID: 36378350 PMCID: PMC9664027 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cytochorme P450s (CYPs) play a critical role in the catalysis of secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways. For their commercial use, various strategies for metabolic pathway engineering using CYP as a potential target have been explored. Plants produce a vast diversity of secondary metabolites which are being used to treat various ailments and diseases. Some of these metabolites are difficult to obtain in large quantities limiting their industrial use. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are important catalysts in the biosynthesis of highly valued secondary metabolites, and are found in all domains of life. With the development of high-throughput sequencing and high-resolution mass spectrometry, new biosynthetic pathways and associated CYPs are being identified. In this review, we present CYPs identified from medicinal plants as a potential game changer in the metabolic engineering of secondary metabolic pathways. We present the achievements made so far in enhancing the production of important bioactivities through pathway engineering, giving some popular examples. At last, current challenges and possible strategies to overcome the limitations associated with CYP engineering to enhance the biosynthesis of target secondary metabolites are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Sethi
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143 005, India
| | - Abhishek Bhandawat
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143 005, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143 005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cao J, Huang C, Liu J, Li C, Liu X, Zheng Z, Hou L, Huang J, Wang L, Zhang Y, Shangguan X, Chen Z. Comparative Genomics and Functional Studies of Putative m 6A Methyltransferase (METTL) Genes in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14111. [PMID: 36430588 PMCID: PMC9694044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification plays important regulatory roles in plant development and adapting to the environment, which requires methyltransferases to achieve the methylation process. However, there has been no research regarding m6A RNA methyltransferases in cotton. Here, a systematic analysis of the m6A methyltransferase (METTL) gene family was performed on twelve cotton species, resulting in six METTLs identified in five allotetraploid cottons, respectively, and three to four METTLs in the seven diploid species. Phylogenetic analysis of protein-coding sequences revealed that METTL genes from cottons, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Homo sapiens could be classified into three clades (METTL3, METTL14, and METTL-like clades). Cis-element analysis predicated the possible functions of METTL genes in G. hirsutum. RNA-seq data revealed that GhMETTL14 (GH_A07G0817/GH_D07G0819) and GhMETTL3 (GH_A12G2586/GH_D12G2605) had high expressions in root, stem, leaf, torus, petal, stamen, pistil, and calycle tissues. GhMETTL14 also had the highest expression in 20 and 25 dpa fiber cells, implying a potential role at the cell wall thickening stage. Suppressing GhMETTL3 and GhMETTL14 by VIGS caused growth arrest and even death in G. hirsutum, along with decreased m6A abundance from the leaf tissues of VIGS plants. Overexpression of GhMETTL3 and GhMETTL14 produced distinct differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in A. thaliana, indicating their possible divergent functions after gene duplication. Overall, GhMETTLs play indispensable but divergent roles during the growth of cotton plants, which provides the basis for the systematic investigation of m6A in subsequent studies to improve the agronomic traits in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Cao
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chaochen Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun’e Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chenyi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Esquel Group, 25 Harbour Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zishou Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lipan Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinquan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lingjian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yugao Zhang
- Esquel Group, 25 Harbour Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shangguan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Yuncheng 044099, China
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology/CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ma H, Wu Y, Lv R, Chi H, Zhao Y, Li Y, Liu H, Ma Y, Zhu L, Guo X, Kong J, Wu J, Xing C, Zhang X, Min L. Cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase CYP703A2 plays a central role in sporopollenin formation and ms5ms6 fertility in cotton. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:2009-2025. [PMID: 35929662 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The double-recessive genic male-sterile (ms) line ms5 ms6 has been used to develop cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) hybrids for many years, but its molecular-genetic basis has remained unclear. Here, we identified the Ms5 and Ms6 loci through map-based cloning and confirmed their function in male sterility through CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Ms5 and Ms6 are highly expressed in stages 7-9 anthers and encode the cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases CYP703A2-A and CYP703A2-D. The ms5 mutant carries a single-nucleotide C-to-T nonsense mutation leading to premature chain termination at amino acid 312 (GhCYP703A2-A312aa ), and ms6 carries three nonsynonymous substitutions (D98E, E168K, and G198R) and a synonymous mutation (L11L). Enzyme assays showed that GhCYP703A2 proteins hydroxylate fatty acids, and the ms5 (GhCYP703A2-A312aa ) and ms6 (GhCYP703A2-DD98E,E168K,G198R ) mutant proteins have decreased enzyme activities. Biochemical and lipidomic analyses showed that in ms5 ms6 plants, C12-C18 free fatty acid and phospholipid levels are significantly elevated in stages 7-9 anthers, while stages 8-10 anthers lack sporopollenin fluorescence around the pollen, causing microspore degradation and male sterility. Overall, our characterization uncovered functions of GhCYP703A2 in sporopollenin formation and fertility, providing guidance for creating male-sterile lines to facilitate hybrid cotton production and therefore exploit heterosis for improvement of cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuanlong Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ruiling Lv
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
| | - Huabin Chi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanlong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yizan Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Kong
- Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang, 830091, China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Chaozhu Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ling Min
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhan C, Shen S, Yang C, Liu Z, Fernie AR, Graham IA, Luo J. Plant metabolic gene clusters in the multi-omics era. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:981-1001. [PMID: 35365433 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolism in plants gives rise to a vast array of small-molecule natural products. The discovery of operon-like gene clusters in plants has provided a new perspective on the evolution of specialized metabolism and the opportunity to rapidly advance the metabolic engineering of natural product production. Here, we review historical aspects of the study of plant metabolic gene clusters as well as general strategies for identifying plant metabolic gene clusters in the multi-omics era. We also emphasize the exploration of their natural variation and evolution, as well as new strategies for the prospecting of plant metabolic gene clusters and a deeper understanding of how their structure influences their function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuansong Zhan
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Shuangqian Shen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenkun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Muhlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ian A Graham
- Center for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Han X, Xing Y, Zhu Y, Luo L, Liu L, Zhai Y, Wang W, Shao R, Ren M, Li F, Yang Q. GhMYC2 activates cytochrome P450 gene CYP71BE79 to regulate gossypol biosynthesis in cotton. PLANTA 2022; 256:63. [PMID: 35995890 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
GhMYC2 regulates the gossypol biosynthesis pathway in cotton through activation of the expression of gossypol synthesis gene CYP71BE79, CDNC, CYP706B1, DH1, and CYP82D113. Cotton is one of the main cash crops globally. Cottonseed contains fiber, fat, protein, and starch, and has important economic value. However, gossypol in cottonseed seriously affects the development and utilization of cottonseed. Nonetheless, gossypol has great application potential in agriculture, medicine, and industry. Therefore, it is very important to study gossypol biosynthesis and its upstream regulatory pathways. It has been reported that the content of gossypol in hairy roots of cotton is regulated through jasmonic acid signaling; however, the specific molecular mechanism has not been revealed yet. We found that the expression of basic helix-loop-helix family transcription factor GhMYC2 was significantly upregulated after exogenous administration of methyl jasmonate to cotton seedlings, and the content of gossypol changed significantly with the variation of GhMYC2 expression. Further studies revealed that GhMYC2 could specifically bind to the G-Box in the promoter region of CDNC, CYP706B1, DH1, CYP82D113, CYP71BE79 to activate its expression and regulate gossypol synthesis, and its activation of CYP71BE79 promoter was inhibited by GhJAZ2. Not only that GhMYC2 could also interact with GoPGF. In this work, the molecular mechanisms of gossypol biosynthesis regulated by GhMYC2 were analyzed. The results provide a theoretical basis for cultivating new varieties of low-gossypol or high-gossypol cotton and creating excellent germplasm resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinpei Han
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yadi Xing
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
| | - Yaqian Zhu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yaohua Zhai
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Ruixing Shao
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
| | - Qinghua Yang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li CY, Yang L, Liu Y, Xu ZG, Gao J, Huang YB, Xu JJ, Fan H, Kong Y, Wei YK, Hu WL, Wang LJ, Zhao Q, Hu YH, Zhang YJ, Martin C, Chen XY. The sage genome provides insight into the evolutionary dynamics of diterpene biosynthesis gene cluster in plants. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111236. [PMID: 35977487 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The widely cultivated medicinal and ornamental plant sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is an evergreen shrub of the Lamiaceae family, native to the Mediterranean. We assembled a high-quality sage genome of 480 Mb on seven chromosomes, and identified a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) encoding two pairs of diterpene synthases (diTPSs) that, together with the cytochromes P450 (CYPs) genes located inside and outside the cluster, form two expression cascades responsible for the shoot and root diterpenoids, respectively, thus extending BGC functionality from co-regulation to orchestrating metabolite production in different organs. Phylogenomic analysis indicates that the Salvia clades diverged in the early Miocene. In East Asia, most Salvia species are herbaceous and accumulate diterpenoids in storage roots. Notably, in Chinese sage S. miltiorrhiza, the diterpene BGC has contracted and the shoot cascade has been lost. Our data provide genomic insights of micro-evolution of growth type-associated patterning of specialized metabolite production in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Zhou-Geng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Bo Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Hang Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yu-Kun Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Wen-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ling-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yong-Hong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yi-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cathie Martin
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Genes Associated with the Gossypol Synthesis and Gland Morphogenesis in Gossypium hirsutum. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081452. [PMID: 36011363 PMCID: PMC9408450 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gossypium hirsutum is an important source of natural textile fibers. Gossypol, which is a sesquiterpenoid compound mainly existing in the cotton pigment glands, can facilitate resistance to the stress from diseases and pests. The level of gossypol in the cotton is positively correlated to the quantity of pigment glands. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of gossypol synthesis and gland morphogenesis are still poorly understood, especially from a transcriptional perspective. The transcripts of young leaves and ovules at 30 DPA of the glanded plants and glandless plants were studied by RNA-Seq and 865 million clean reads were obtained. A total of 34,426 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through comparative transcriptome analysis. Genes related to gossypol synthesis or gland morphogenesis displayed significant differential expression between the two cultivars. Functional annotation revealed that the candidate genes related to catalytic activity, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and biomolecular decomposition processes. Our work herein unveiled several potential candidate genes related to gossypol synthesis or gland morphogenesis and may provide useful clues for a breeding program of cotton cultivars with low cottonseed gossypol contents.
Collapse
|
33
|
Xing S, Zhu H, Zhou Y, Xue L, Wei Z, Wang Y, He S, Zhang H, Gao S, Zhao N, Zhai H, Liu Q. A cytochrome P450 superfamily gene, IbCYP82D47, increases carotenoid contents in transgenic sweet potato. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 318:111233. [PMID: 35351305 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 superfamily (CYP450) is one of the largest protein families in plants, and its members play diverse roles in primary and secondary metabolic biosynthesis. In this study, the CYP450 family gene IbCYP82D47 was cloned from the high carotenoid line HVB-3 of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). The IbCYP82D47 protein harbored two transmembrane domains and dynamically localized between plastid stroma and membrane. Overexpression of IbCYP82D47 not only increased total carotenoid, lutein, zeaxanthin and violaxanthin contents by 32.2-48.0%, 10.5-13.3%, 40.2-136% and 82.4-106%, respectively, but also increased the number of carotenoid globules in sweet potato storage roots. Furthermore, genes associated with the carotenoid biosynthesis (IbDXS, IbPSY, IbLCYE, IbBCH, IbZEP) were upregulated in transgenic sweet potato. In addition, IbCYP82D47 physically interacts with geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 12 (IbGGPPS12). Our findings suggest that IbCYP82D47 increases carotenoid contents by interacting with the carotenoid biosynthesis related protein IbGGPPS12, and influencing the expressions of carotenoid biosynthesis related genes in transgenic sweet potato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Luyao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaozhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaopei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jan M, Liu Z, Guo C, Zhou Y, Sun X. An Overview of Cotton Gland Development and Its Transcriptional Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094892. [PMID: 35563290 PMCID: PMC9103798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton refers to species in the genus Gossypium that bear spinnable seed coat fibers. A total of 50 species in the genus Gossypium have been described to date. Of these, only four species, viz. Gossypium, hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboretum, and G. herbaceum are cultivated; the rest are wild. The black dot-like structures on the surfaces of cotton organs or tissues, such as the leaves, stem, calyx, bracts, and boll surface, are called gossypol glands or pigment glands, which store terpenoid aldehydes, including gossypol. The cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) pigment gland is a distinctive structure that stores gossypol and its derivatives. It provides an ideal system for studying cell differentiation and organogenesis. However, only a few genes involved in the process of gland formation have been identified to date, and the molecular mechanisms underlying gland initiation remain unclear. The terpenoid aldehydes in the lysigenous glands of Gossypium species are important secondary phytoalexins (with gossypol being the most important) and one of the main defenses of plants against pests and diseases. Here, we review recent research on the development of gossypol glands in Gossypium species, the regulation of the terpenoid aldehyde biosynthesis pathway, discoveries from genetic engineering studies, and future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masood Jan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China; (M.J.); (Z.L.); (C.G.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China; (M.J.); (Z.L.); (C.G.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Chenxi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China; (M.J.); (Z.L.); (C.G.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China; (M.J.); (Z.L.); (C.G.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Xuwu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China; (M.J.); (Z.L.); (C.G.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen H, Su H, Zhang S, Jing T, Liu Z, Yang Y. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Responses in Cotton Plant to Apolygus lucorum Infestation. INSECTS 2022; 13:391. [PMID: 35447833 PMCID: PMC9025427 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
With the wide-scale adoption of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton, Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) has become the most serious pest and has caused extensive yield loss in cotton production. However, little is known about the defense responses of cotton at the seedling stage to A. lucorum feeding. In this study, to elucidate the cotton defense mechanism, cotton leaves were damaged by A. lucorum for 0, 4, 12 and 24 h. The transcriptomic results showed that A. lucorum feeding elicits a rapid and strong defense response in gene expression during the whole infestation process in cotton plants. Further analysis revealed that at each assessment time, more differentially expressed genes were up-regulated than down-regulated. The integrated analysis of transcriptomic and metabolic data showed that most of the genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis were initially up-regulated, and this trend continued during an infestation. Meanwhile, the content levels of JA and its intermediate products were also significantly increased throughout the whole infestation process. The similar trend was displayed in condensed tannins biosynthesis. This research proved that, after plants are damaged by A. lucorum, the JA pathway mediates the defense mechanisms in cotton plants by promoting the accumulation of condensed tannins as a defense mechanism against A. lucorum. These results will help us to discover unknown defensive genes and improve the integrated pest management of A. lucorum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yizhong Yang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225007, China; (H.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (T.J.); (Z.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Maryam H, Ali Z, Saddique MAB, Nawaz F. GhCDNC and GhCYP706B1 genes mediate gossypol biosynthesis in upland cotton. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4919-4928. [PMID: 35338438 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cotton the identification and characterization of natural defense is a cost-effective, sustainable, and environment-friendly strategy to combat cotton pests. The secondary metabolites traits in cotton plant i.e., toxic gossypol glands play significant role for development and self-defense mechanism. To utilize gossypol in breeding implements, the understanding of gossypol initiation biosynthesis genes has vital importance at reproductive organ development stages. METHODS Cotton germplasm of 100 genotypes screened visually based on gossypol glandedness and a core set of ten genotypes was developed. Further three genotypes FH-330 (high glanding), F-280 (low glanding) and IRMA-197 (glandless) were used for determining the transcript abundance of twelve gossypol biosynthesis genes. RESULTS Out of 100, germplasm categorized as (76) high glanding, (22) medium glanding), one genotype for each (low glanding) and (glandless) category. Real-time qPCR analysis revealed varied expression patterns among selected three genotypes. Out of twelve, three genes CYP706B1, CDNC and 2ODD-1 had strong expression levels in all tested tissues in high glanded genotype, while, slight or no expression of these genes was recorded in low glanding and glandless genotype, respectively. The shell of developing boll (10, 20, 30 DPA), and developing embryo (20, 30 DPA) showed substantially medium to maximum expression, respectively while high to medium expression was recorded in sepals and leaf tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that CYP706B1, CDNC and 2ODD-1 are the most promising genes involved in gossypol biosynthesis. Developing boll shell, developing embryo, leaf and sepal also have significant ability to synthesize gossypol. This will provide scientists a way to manipulate gossypol contents in economically important organs of cotton plant for targeted breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hira Maryam
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan. .,Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Fahim Nawaz
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan.,Institute of Crop Science (340h), University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang J, Zhao T, Sheng K, Sun Y, Han Y, Chen Y, E Z, Zhu S, Chen J. Root Illumination Promotes Seedling Growth and Inhibits Gossypol Biosynthesis in Upland Cotton. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:728. [PMID: 35336610 PMCID: PMC8950488 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gossypol, a terpenoid compound mainly synthesized in the cotton roots, acts as a phytoalexin in protecting the plants from biotic stress. Roots are critical for both the secondary metabolism and the growth of the plant. Light plays an important role in plant growth and material metabolism, however, the effect of root illumination (RI) on the cotton seedling growth and gossypol metabolism remains unclear. In the present study, the cotton genetic standard line TM-1 and four pairs of near-isogenic lines (NILs) were used as materials to study the impact of RI on cotton seedlings. Results showed that, compared with the cotton seedlings cultivated without RI, the photosynthetic rate, leaf area, and dry weight of roots and leaves were significantly increased, while the gossypol content in leaves and roots was significantly reduced in seedlings cultivated with RI. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with and without RI both indicated that photosynthesis and terpenoid biosynthesis-related GO terms and pathways were significantly enriched, the expression profile confirmed that RI positively regulated the photosynthesis system and negatively affected the gossypol biosynthesis pathway in roots. This study revealed the effects of RI on seedlings' growth and gossypol biosynthesis in upland cotton, and provided important insights for the engineering of cotton with low gossypol accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Tianlun Zhao
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Kuang Sheng
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yue Sun
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yifei Han
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yiran Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zhiying E
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuijin Zhu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jinhong Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (K.S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Z.E.); (S.Z.)
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Song JJ, Fang X, Li CY, Jiang Y, Li JX, Wu S, Guo J, Liu Y, Fan H, Huang YB, Wei YK, Kong Y, Zhao Q, Xu JJ, Hu YH, Chen XY, Yang L. A 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase converts dihydrofuran to furan in Salvia diterpenoids. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:1496-1506. [PMID: 34893909 PMCID: PMC8896610 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone ⅡA (TⅡA), a diterpene quinone with a furan ring, is a bioactive compound found in the medicinal herb redroot sage (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), in which both furan and dihydrofuran analogs are present in abundance. Progress has been made recently in elucidating the tanshinone biosynthetic pathway, including heterocyclization of the dihydrofuran D-ring by cytochrome P450s; however, dehydrogenation of dihydrofuran to furan, a key step of furan ring formation, remains uncharacterized. Here, by differential transcriptome mining, we identified six 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-ODD) genes whose expressions corresponded to tanshinone biosynthesis. We showed that Sm2-ODD14 acts as a dehydrogenase catalyzing the furan ring aromatization. In vitro Sm2-ODD14 converted cryptotanshinone to TⅡA and thus was designated TⅡA synthase (SmTⅡAS). Furthermore, SmTⅡAS showed a strict substrate specificity, and repression of SmTⅡAS expression in hairy root by RNAi led to increased accumulation of total dihydrofuran-tanshinones and decreased production of furan-tanshinones. We conclude that SmTⅡAS controls the metabolite flux from dihydrofuran- to furan-tanshinones, which influences medicinal properties of S. miltiorrhiza.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chen-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jian-Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sheng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hang Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yan-Bo Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yu-Kun Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yong-Hong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
The biosynthesis of thymol, carvacrol, and thymohydroquinone in Lamiaceae proceeds via cytochrome P450s and a short-chain dehydrogenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2110092118. [PMID: 34930840 PMCID: PMC8719858 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110092118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The monoterpene alcohols thymol, carvacrol, and thymohydroquinone are characteristic flavor compounds of thyme, oregano, and other Lamiaceae. These specialized metabolites are also valuable for their antibacterial, anti-spasmolytic, and antitumor activities. We elucidated the complete biosynthetic pathway of these compounds, which starts with the formation of γ-terpinene from geranyl diphosphate. The aromatic backbone of thymol and carvacrol is formed by P450 monooxygenases in combination with a dehydrogenase via an unstable intermediate. Additional P450s hydroxylate thymol and carvacrol to form thymohydroquinone. Our findings demonstrate a mechanism for the formation of phenolic monoterpenes that differs from previous predictions and provides targets for metabolic engineering of high-value terpenes in plants. Thymol and carvacrol are phenolic monoterpenes found in thyme, oregano, and several other species of the Lamiaceae. Long valued for their smell and taste, these substances also have antibacterial and anti-spasmolytic properties. They are also suggested to be precursors of thymohydroquinone and thymoquinone, monoterpenes with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities. Thymol and carvacrol biosynthesis has been proposed to proceed by the cyclization of geranyl diphosphate to γ-terpinene, followed by a series of oxidations via p-cymene. Here, we show that γ-terpinene is oxidized by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) of the CYP71D subfamily to produce unstable cyclohexadienol intermediates, which are then dehydrogenated by a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) to the corresponding ketones. The subsequent formation of the aromatic compounds occurs via keto–enol tautomerisms. Combining these enzymes with γ-terpinene in in vitro assays or in vivo in Nicotiana benthamiana yielded thymol and carvacrol as products. In the absence of the SDRs, only p-cymene was formed by rearrangement of the cyclohexadienol intermediates. The nature of these unstable intermediates was inferred from reactions with the γ-terpinene isomer limonene and by analogy to reactions catalyzed by related enzymes. We also identified and characterized two P450s of the CYP76S and CYP736A subfamilies that catalyze the hydroxylation of thymol and carvacrol to thymohydroquinone when heterologously expressed in yeast and N. benthamiana. Our findings alter previous views of thymol and carvacrol formation, identify the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these phenolic monoterpenes and thymohydroquinone in the Lamiaceae, and provide targets for metabolic engineering of high-value terpenes in plants.
Collapse
|
40
|
Zang Y, Xu C, Xuan L, Ding L, Zhu J, Si Z, Zhang T, Hu Y. Identification and characteristics of a novel gland-forming gene in cotton. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:781-792. [PMID: 34492144 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) pigment gland is a distinctive structure that functions as the main deposit organ of gossypol and its derivatives. It is also an ideal system in which to study cell differentiation and organogenesis. However, only a few genes that determine the process of gland formation have been reported, including GoPGF, CGP1, and CGFs; the molecular mechanisms underlying gland initiation are still largely unclear. Here, we report the discovery of the novel stem pigment gland-forming gene GoSPGF by map-based cloning; annotated as a GRAS transcription factor, this gene is responsible for the glandless trait specifically on the stem. In the stem glandless mutant T582, a point mutation (C to A) was found to create a premature stop codon and truncate the protein. Similarly, virus-induced gene silencing of GoSPGF resulted in glandless stems and dramatically reduced gossypol content. Comparative transcriptomic data showed that loss of GoSPGF significantly suppressed expression of many genes involved in gossypol biosynthesis and altered expression of genes involved in gibberellic acid signaling/biosynthesis. Overall, these findings provide more insight into the networks regulating glandular structure differentiation and formation in cotton, which will be helpful for understanding other plants bearing special gland structures such as tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana), artemisia annua, mint (Mentha spp.), and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Chenyu Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Lisha Xuan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Lingyun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - JianKun Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Zhanfeng Si
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang J, Wedegaertner T. Genetics and Breeding for Glandless Upland Cotton With Improved Yield Potential and Disease Resistance: A Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:753426. [PMID: 34691130 PMCID: PMC8526788 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.753426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Glandless cotton (devoid of toxic gossypol) can be grown as a triple-purpose crop for fiber, feeds, and food (as an oil and protein source). However, its sensitivity to insect pests and its low yield due to the lack of breeding activities has prevented the realization of its potential in commercial seed production and utilization. Since the mid-1990s, the commercialization of bollworm and budworm resistant Bt cotton and the eradication of boll weevils and pink bollworms have provided an opportunity to revitalize glandless cotton production in the United States. The objectives of this study were to review the current status of genetics and breeding for glandless cotton, with a focus on the progress in breeding for glandless Upland cotton in New Mexico, United States. Because there existed a 10-20% yield gap between the best existing glandless germplasm and commercial Upland cultivars, the breeding of glandless Upland cultivars with improved yield and disease resistance was initiated at the New Mexico State University more than a decade ago. As a result, three glandless Upland cultivars, i.e., long-staple Acala 1517-18 GLS, medium staple NuMex COT 15 GLS, and NuMex COT 17 GLS with Fusarium wilt race 4 resistance were released. However, to compete with the current commercial glanded cotton, more breeding efforts are urgently needed to introduce different glandless traits (natural mutations, transgenic or genome-editing) into elite cotton backgrounds with high yields and desirable fiber quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfa Zhang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Huang G, Huang JQ, Chen XY, Zhu YX. Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in Cotton Research. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 72:437-462. [PMID: 33428477 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-080720-113241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is not only the world's most important natural fiber crop, but it is also an ideal system in which to study genome evolution, polyploidization, and cell elongation. With the assembly of five different cotton genomes, a cotton-specific whole-genome duplication with an allopolyploidization process that combined the A- and D-genomes became evident. All existing A-genomes seemed to originate from the A0-genome as a common ancestor, and several transposable element bursts contributed to A-genome size expansion and speciation. The ethylene production pathway is shown to regulate fiber elongation. A tip-biased diffuse growth mode and several regulatory mechanisms, including plant hormones, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications, are involved in fiber development. Finally, we describe the involvement of the gossypol biosynthetic pathway in the manipulation of herbivorous insects, the role of GoPGF in gland formation, and host-induced gene silencing for pest and disease control. These new genes, modules, and pathways will accelerate the genetic improvement of cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gai Huang
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jin-Quan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Xian Zhu
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gene Expression Correlation Analysis Reveals MYC-NAC Regulatory Network in Cotton Pigment Gland Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095007. [PMID: 34066899 PMCID: PMC8125883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) family is involved in various development processes including Programmed Cell Death (PCD) associated development. However, the relationship between NAC family and PCD-associated cotton pigment gland development is largely unknown. In this study, we identified 150, 153 and 299 NAC genes in newly updated genome sequences of G. arboreum, G. raimondii and G. hirsutum, respectively. All NAC genes were divided into 8 groups by the phylogenetic analysis and most of them were conserved during cotton evolution. Using the vital regulator of gland formation GhMYC2-like as bait, expression correlation analysis screened out 6 NAC genes which were low-expressed in glandless cotton and high-expressed in glanded cotton. These 6 NAC genes acted downstream of GhMYC2-like and were induced by MeJA. Silencing CGF1(Cotton Gland Formation1), another MYC-coding gene, caused almost glandless phenotype and down-regulated expression of GhMYC2-like and the 6 NAC genes, indicating a MYC-NAC regulatory network in gland development. In addition, predicted regulatory mechanism showed that the 6 NAC genes were possibly regulated by light, various phytohormones and transcription factors as well as miRNAs. The interaction network and DNA binding sites of the 6 NAC transcription factors were also predicted. These results laid the foundation for further study of gland-related genes and gland development regulatory network.
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhou A, Zhou K, Li Y. Rational design strategies for functional reconstitution of plant cytochrome P450s in microbial systems. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 60:102005. [PMID: 33647811 PMCID: PMC8435529 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant natural products (NPs) are of pharmaceutical and agricultural significance, yet the low abundance is largely impeding the broad investigation and utilization. Microbial bioproduction is a promising alternative sourcing to plant NPs. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) play an essential role in plant secondary metabolism, and functional reconstitution of plant CYPs in the microbial system is one of the major challenges in establishing efficient microbial plant NP bioproduction. In this review, we briefly summarized the recent progress in rational engineering strategies for enhanced activity of plant CYPs in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two commonly used microbial hosts. We believe that in-depth foundational investigations on the native microenvironment of plant CYPs are necessary to adapt the microbial systems for more efficient functional reconstitution of plant CYPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Kang Zhou
- Disruptive & Sustainable Technologies for Agricultural Precision, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yanran Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yan X, Li W, Liang D, Zhao G, Caiyin Q, Qiao J. Comparative transcriptome analysis of sesquiterpene biosynthesis and functional characterization of sesquiterpene synthases in Leonurus sibiricus L. PLANTA 2021; 253:71. [PMID: 33604817 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two sesquiterpene synthases were identified through comparative transcriptome analysis of Leonurus sibiricus. LsSqTPS2 could produce high titer of δ-cadinene in vivo which suggests the terpene specificity of L. sibiricus. Leonurus sibiricus L., a medicinal herb, is widely used in China due to its pharmacological activities. Cadinene type sesquiterpenes, one of major bioactive components mainly present in aerial parts of L. sibiricus, showed antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. However, there is no report about the sesquiterpene biosynthesis in L. sibiricus. This study identified L. sibiricus sesquiterpene synthases (LsSqTPSs) through comparative transcriptome analysis of L. sibiricus leaf and root samples using the BGISEQ-500 sequencing technique. A total of 83,244 unigenes were obtained with an average length of 1025 bp. Among them, 50,356 unigenes (60.49%) acquired annotations according to the BLAST searching results. A total of 68 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were potentially involved in the sesquiterpene biosynthesis. Furthermore, four candidate DEGs encoding LsSqTPSs were characterized. The enzymatic characterization in engineered yeast showed that LsSqTPS1 produced α-farnesene as the single product and LsSqTPS2 mainly produced 76.23 mg/L of δ-cadinene, which constituted the major component of L. sibiricus leaf essential oil. This work contributes to the investigation of sesquiterpene biosynthesis in L. sibiricus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangrong Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinggele Caiyin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianjun Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wu C, Cheng H, Li S, Zuo D, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Lv L, Wang Q, Song G. Molecular cloning and characterization of GhERF105, a gene contributing to the regulation of gland formation in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:102. [PMID: 33602142 PMCID: PMC7893949 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gossypium hirsutum L. (cotton) is one of the most economically important crops in the world due to its significant source of fiber, feed, foodstuff, oil and biofuel products. However, the utilization of cottonseed was limited due to the presence of small and darkly pigmented glands that contain large amounts of gossypol, which is toxic to human beings and non-ruminant animals. To date, some progress has been made in the pigment gland formation, but the underlying molecular mechanism of its formation was still unclear. RESULTS In this study, we identified an AP2/ERF transcription factor named GhERF105 (GH_A12G2166), which was involved in the regulation of gland pigmentation by the comparative transcriptome analysis of the leaf of glanded and glandless plants. It encoded an ERF protein containing a converved AP2 domain which was localized in the nucleus with transcriptional activity, and showed the high expression in glanded cotton accessions that contained much gossypol. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) against GhERF105 caused the dramatic reduction in the number of glands and significantly lowered levels of gossypol in cotton leaves. GhERF105 showed the patterns of spatiotemporal and inducible expression in the glanded plants. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GhERF105 contributes to the pigment gland formation and gossypol biosynthesis in partial organs of glanded plant. It also provides a potential molecular basis to generate 'glandless-seed' and 'glanded-plant' cotton cultivar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Wu
- Research Base, Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070 China
- Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Hailiang Cheng
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Shuyan Li
- Research Base, Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
- Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Dongyun Zuo
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Zhongxu Lin
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070 China
| | - Youping Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Limin Lv
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Qiaolian Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Guoli Song
- Research Base, Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dou L, Sun Y, Li S, Ge C, Shen Q, Li H, Wang W, Mao J, Xiao G, Pang C. Transcriptomic analyses show that 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) promotes cold tolerance in cotton seedlings. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245070. [PMID: 33524020 PMCID: PMC7850480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroidal hormones that are involved in numerous physiological responses. However, the function of BRs in cold tolerance in cotton has not been explored. In this study, cotton seedlings were treated with five concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L) of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) at 4°C. We measured the electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline content, and net photosynthesis rate (Pn) of the seedlings, which showed that EBR treatment increased cold tolerance in cotton in a dose-dependent manner, and that 0.2 mg/L is an optimum concentration for enhancing cold tolerance. The function of EBR in cotton cotyledons was investigated in the control 0 mg/L (Cold+water) and 0.2 mg/L (Cold+EBR) treatments using RNA-Seq. A total of 4,001 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 2,591 up-regulated genes and 1,409 down-regulated genes were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and biochemical pathway enrichment analyses showed that EBR is involved in the genetic information process, secondary metabolism, and also inhibits abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ETH) signal transduction. In this study, physiological experiments showed that EBR can increase cold tolerance in cotton seedlings, and the comprehensive RNA-seq data shed light on the mechanisms through which EBR increases cold tolerance in cotton seedlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Dou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaru Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Shuye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Changwei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Qian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Huaizhu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayi Mao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guanghui Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (GX); (CP)
| | - Chaoyou Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
- * E-mail: (GX); (CP)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lackus ND, Morawetz J, Xu H, Gershenzon J, Dickschat JS, Köllner TG. The Sesquiterpene Synthase PtTPS5 Produces (1 S,5 S,7 R,10 R)-Guaia-4(15)-en-11-ol and (1 S,7 R,10 R)-Guaia-4-en-11-ol in Oomycete-Infected Poplar Roots. Molecules 2021; 26:555. [PMID: 33494506 PMCID: PMC7866031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen infection often leads to the enhanced formation of specialized plant metabolites that act as defensive barriers against microbial attackers. In this study, we investigated the formation of potential defense compounds in roots of the Western balsam poplar (Populus trichocarpa) upon infection with the generalist root pathogen Phytophthora cactorum (Oomycetes). P. cactorum infection led to an induced accumulation of terpenes, aromatic compounds, and fatty acids in poplar roots. Transcriptome analysis of uninfected and P. cactorum-infected roots revealed a terpene synthase gene PtTPS5 that was significantly induced upon pathogen infection. PtTPS5 had been previously reported as a sesquiterpene synthase producing two unidentified sesquiterpene alcohols as major products and hedycaryol as a minor product. Using heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, enzyme assays with deuterium-labeled substrates, and NMR analysis of reaction products, we could identify the major PtTPS5 products as (1S,5S,7R,10R)-guaia-4(15)-en-11-ol and (1S,7R,10R)-guaia-4-en-11-ol, with the former being a novel compound. The transcript accumulation of PtTPS5 in uninfected and P. cactorum-infected poplar roots matched the accumulation of (1S,5S,7R,10R)-guaia-4(15)-en-11-ol, (1S,7R,10R)-guaia-4-en-11-ol, and hedycaryol in this tissue, suggesting that PtTPS5 likely contributes to the pathogen-induced formation of these compounds in planta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie D. Lackus
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany; (N.D.L.); (J.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Jennifer Morawetz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany; (N.D.L.); (J.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Houchao Xu
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (H.X.); (J.S.D.)
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany; (N.D.L.); (J.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (H.X.); (J.S.D.)
| | - Tobias G. Köllner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany; (N.D.L.); (J.M.); (J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lynch JH, Huang XQ, Dudareva N. Silent constraints: the hidden challenges faced in plant metabolic engineering. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 69:112-117. [PMID: 33429160 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic engineering is embraced as a method to sustainably enhance production of valuable phytochemicals with beneficial properties. However, successful production of these compounds in plants is not always predictable even when the pathways are fully known, frequently due to the lack of comprehensive understanding of plant metabolism as a whole, and interconnections between different primary, secondary, and hormone metabolic networks. Here, we highlight critical hidden constraints, including substrate availability, silent metabolism, and metabolic crosstalk, that impair engineering strategies. We explore how these constraints have historically been manifested in engineering attempts and propose how modern advancements will enable future strategies to overcome these impediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H Lynch
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 South University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907-2063, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xing-Qi Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 South University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907-2063, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Natalia Dudareva
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 South University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907-2063, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu D, Li W, An X, Ghasemzadeh S, Huang X, Chen J, Kou J, Sun P, Zhang Y. Engineering Nicotiana tabacum for the de novo biosynthesis of DMNT to regulate orientation behavior of the parasitoid wasps Microplitis mediator. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:502-509. [PMID: 32816401 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (DMNT), one of the homoterpenes, is thought to contribute to plant indirect defense against insect herbivores. DMNT-enriched plants have great application potential to regulate insect behavior in the 'push & pull' strategy of pest management. However, de novo biosynthesis of DMNT in plants without a homoterpene metabolic pathway in their wild type is still not achieved, and the role of DMNT played in these plants and their interacted insects remains unclear. RESULTS Cytochrome P450s and terpene synthases involved in homoterpenes biosynthesis in cotton plants were employed to generate DMNT-releasing tobacco plants. Single GhTPS14 transgenic Nicotiana tabacum only emitted (E)-nerolidol, the precursor of DMNT. Transgenic tobaccos expressing single GhCYP82Ls were unable to produce DMNT or TMTT, while DMNT was detected when exogenous (E)-nerolidol was added. Compared to wild-type plants, only co-expression of GhCYP82Ls and GhTPS14 in transgenic tobaccos triggered the constitutive release of single-component DMNT. Furthermore, DMNT-emitting transgenic tobacco plants, whether infested with Helicoverpa armigera larvae or not, significantly incited orientation behavior of parasitoid wasps Microplitis mediator. CONCLUSION Wild type N. tabacum plants have no DMNT metabolic pathway. DMNT could be de novo biosynthesized via co-expression of GhCYP82Ls and GhTPS14. What is more, the parasitoid wasp M. mediator could be recruited by DMNT-releasing transgenic tobaccos, especially by H. armigera-infested transgenic tobaccos, suggesting the potential roles of engineered N. tabacum in regulating the behavioral preference of M. mediator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingkui An
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Somayyeh Ghasemzadeh
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jieyin Chen
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Kou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyao Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|