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Peña-Alvarez M, Binns J, Marqués M, Kuzovnikov MA, Dalladay-Simpson P, Pickard CJ, Ackland GJ, Gregoryanz E, Howie RT. Chemically Assisted Precompression of Hydrogen Molecules in Alkaline-Earth Tetrahydrides. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8447-8454. [PMID: 36053162 PMCID: PMC9488899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Through a series of high pressure diamond anvil experiments, we report the synthesis of alkaline earth (Ca, Sr, Ba) tetrahydrides, and investigate their properties through Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations. The tetrahydrides incorporate both atomic and quasi-molecular hydrogen, and we find that the frequency of the intramolecular stretching mode of the H2δ- units downshifts from Ca to Sr and to Ba upon compression. The experimental results indicate that the larger the host cation, the longer the H2δ- bond. Analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) demonstrates that the lengthening of the H-H bond is caused by the charge transfer from the metal to H2δ- and by the steric effect of the metal host on the H-H bond. This effect is most prominent for BaH4, where the precompression of H2δ- units at 50 GPa results in bond lengths comparable to that of pure H2 above 275 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Peña-Alvarez
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Jack Binns
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
| | - Miriam Marqués
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Mikhail A. Kuzovnikov
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Philip Dalladay-Simpson
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
| | - Chris J. Pickard
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
- Advanced
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku
University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Graeme J. Ackland
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Eugene Gregoryanz
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory
of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid
State Physics, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Ross T. Howie
- Centre
for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 100094, P. R. China
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2
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Roorda S, Clancy P, Bellemare J, Laliberté-Riverin S. Exploring the use of neutrons to detect hydrogen embrittlement in high strength steel. JOURNAL OF NEUTRON RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of exploring neutron techniques for the non-destructive detection of hydrogen in embrittled steel, three sets of steel samples were studied with neutron scattering: Ni coated, Cd coated, and Cr coated. Each set contained a non-embrittled or low-hydrogen concentration reference and one or two embrittled and high-hydrogen concentration samples. It is observed that the incoherent scattering, when normalized by the intensity of the Bragg peak, is significantly higher for high-hydrogen concentration or embrittled samples than in the reference. Although the difference is small, this represents a non-destructive technique of detecting hydrogen embrittlement. Neutron radiography, and inelastic or small-angle scattering could not distinguish between embrittled and reference samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd Roorda
- Département de physique, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pat Clancy
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, ON, Canada
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, ON, Canada
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Hartl A, Jurányi F, Krack M, Lunkenheimer P, Schulz A, Sheptyakov D, Paulmann C, Appel M, PARK S. Dynamically disordered hydrogen bonds in the hureaulite-type phosphatic oxyhydroxide Mn5[(PO4)2(PO3(OH))2](HOH)4. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:094502. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0083856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Arthur Schulz
- University of Augsburg Institute of Physics, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Paulmann
- Institute of Mineralogy and Petrography, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Appel
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - SoHyun PARK
- LMU München Department für Geo und Umweltwissenschaften Sektion Kristallographie [München 80333 academic/earth], Germany
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4
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The Crystal Structures in Hydrogen Absorption Reactions of REMgNi4-Based Alloys (RE: Rare-Earth Metals). ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14238163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
REMgNi4-based alloys, RE(2−x)MgxNi4 (RE: rare-earth metals; 0 < x < 2), with a AuBe5-type crystal structure, exhibit reversible hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions, which are known as hydrogen storage properties. These reactions involve formation of three hydride phases. The hydride formation pressures and hydrogen storage capacities are related to the radii of the RE(2−x)MgxNi4, which in turn are dependent on the radii and compositional ratios of the RE and Mg atoms. The crystal structures formed during hydrogen absorption reactions are the key to understanding the hydrogen storage properties of RE(2−x)MgxNi4. Therefore, in this review, we provide an overview of the crystal structures in the hydrogen absorption reactions focusing on RE(2−x)MgxNi4.
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Komander K, Tran T, Saha J, Moro MV, Pálsson GK, Wolff M, Primetzhofer D. Interstitial Hydrogen in Fe/V Superstructures: Lattice Site Location and Thermal Vibration. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:136102. [PMID: 34623839 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.136102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report real space location of hydrogen in single crystalline Fe/V superstructures. Anisotropic strain is quantified versus hydrogen concentration by using the yield of backscattered primary 2 MeV ^{4}He ions for incidence in different crystallographic directions. From a comparison of ion channeling in combination with ^{1}H(^{15}N,αγ)^{12}C nuclear reaction analysis and Monte Carlo simulations we show that hydrogen is located in octahedral z sites and quantify its vibrational amplitude of 0.2 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Komander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tuan Tran
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jitendra Saha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcos V Moro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar K Pálsson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Max Wolff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Primetzhofer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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Sato T, Mochizuki T, Ikeda K, Honda T, Otomo T, Sagayama H, Yang H, Luo W, Lombardo L, Züttel A, Takagi S, Kono T, Orimo SI. Crystal Structural Investigations for Understanding the Hydrogen Storage Properties of YMgNi 4-Based Alloys. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:31192-31198. [PMID: 33324828 PMCID: PMC7726944 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen storage properties and crystal structures of YMgNi4-based alloys, which were synthesized from (2 - x)YNi2 and xMgNi2 (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1.2), were investigated by pressure-composition-temperature measurements and powder neutron diffraction at a deuterium gas pressure to understand the hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions viewed from atomic arrangements around H atoms. Reducing the amounts of MgNi2, which was utilized as a Mg source in YMgNi4-based alloys, has been observed to lower the hydrogen absorption and desorption pressures and increase the hydrogen storage capacities. However, the reversible hydrogen capacity attained a maximum value of 1.2 mass % at x = 0.8 because of the formation of a thermodynamically stable hydride in which hydrogen was not released at x = 0.6. In the case of x = 0.6, the presence of excessive Y atoms around the H atoms in the hydrogen-absorbed phase would lead to the formation of a hydride with stronger interaction between Y and H because of the affinity between them. Moreover, the presence of small amounts of D atoms with short interatomic D-D distances (1.6 and 1.9 Å) in the deuterium-absorbed phase (Y0.81Mg1.19Ni4.00D3.35 and Y1.06Mg0.94Ni4.00D3.86) at <5 MPa and 323 K was proposed by the crystal structural investigations. The D atoms with short D-D interatomic distances were located in the same local atomic arrangements of D atoms in a deuterium-absorbed phase, which were formed at a higher-pressure range, and had higher hydrogen storage capacities than the deuterium-absorbed phases in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyoto Sato
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Mochizuki
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Takashi Honda
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Toshiya Otomo
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hajime Sagayama
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Heena Yang
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Basic Science Faculty, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais/Wallis, Energypolis, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
- Empa Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Wen Luo
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Basic Science Faculty, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais/Wallis, Energypolis, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
- Empa Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Loris Lombardo
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Basic Science Faculty, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais/Wallis, Energypolis, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
- Empa Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Züttel
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Basic Science Faculty, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais/Wallis, Energypolis, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
- Empa Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Shigeyuki Takagi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tatsuoki Kono
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Orimo
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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Mandal N, Datta A. Molecular designs for expanding the limits of ultralong C-C bonds and ultrashort HH non-bonded contacts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15377-15386. [PMID: 33210669 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06690g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent experiments have reported the formation of very long C-C bonds (dC-C > 1.80 Å) and very short HH non-bonded contacts (dHH < 1.5 Å) in several sets of molecules. Both these rare phenomena arise due to specific donor-acceptor interactions and London dispersion interactions respectively. Favorable negative hyperconjugation, namely H2N(lone-pair) →σ*(C-C), creates an ultralong C-C bond in diamino-o-carborane with dC-C > 1.829 Å and a planar amine reminiscent of a transition-state like structure for ammonia inversion. The small and narrow barrier favours rapid inversion through quantum mechanical tunnelling (QMT) and produces a translationally averaged planar amine as observed in the experiments. On the other hand, designing specific confined molecular cavities or chambers like in,in-bis(hydrosilane) or its germanane analogs furnishes an ultrashort HH distance = 1.47 Å and 1.38 Å respectively. The predisposition of such closely placed HH contacts arises from the rather effective attractive dispersion interactions between them. Controlling the strength of the dispersion interactions provides a rich landscape for realizing such close HH distances. Molecular design ably assisted by computational modeling to further tune these interactions provides new avenues to break the glass-ceilings of ultralong C-C bonds or ultrashort HH contacts. Dispersion-corrected DFT calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations generate a large library of such unique features in a diverse class of molecules. This feature article highlights the design principles to realize hitherto longest C-C bonds/shortest HH contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilangshu Mandal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur - 700032, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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