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Antony R, Aby K, Montgomery M, Li Y. Skeletal Muscle UCHL1 Negatively Regulates Muscle Development and Recovery after Muscle Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7330. [PMID: 39000437 PMCID: PMC11242864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme originally found in the brain. Our previous work revealed that UCHL1 was also expressed in skeletal muscle and affected myoblast differentiation and metabolism. In this study, we further tested the role of UCHL1 in myogenesis and muscle regeneration following muscle ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. In the C2C12 myoblast, UCHL1 knockdown upregulated MyoD and myogenin and promoted myotube formation. The skeletal muscle-specific knockout (smKO) of UCHL1 increased muscle fiber sizes in young mice (1 to 2 months old) but not in adult mice (3 months old). In IR-injured hindlimb muscle, UCHL1 was upregulated. UCHL1 smKO ameliorated tissue damage and injury-induced inflammation. UCHL1 smKO also upregulated myogenic factors and promoted functional recovery in IR injury muscle. Moreover, UCHL1 smKO increased Akt and Pink1/Parkin activities. The overall results suggest that skeletal muscle UCHL1 is a negative factor in skeletal muscle development and recovery following IR injury and therefore is a potential therapeutic target to improve muscle regeneration and functional recovery following injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yifan Li
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; (R.A.); (K.A.); (M.M.)
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2
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Maeda D, Fujimoto Y, Nakade T, Abe T, Ishihara S, Jujo K, Matsue Y. Frailty, Sarcopenia, Cachexia, and Malnutrition in Heart Failure. Korean Circ J 2024; 54:363-381. [PMID: 38767446 PMCID: PMC11252634 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2024.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
With global aging, the number of patients with heart failure has increased markedly. Heart failure is a complex condition intricately associated with aging, organ damage, frailty, and cognitive decline, resulting in a poor prognosis. The relationship among frailty, sarcopenia, cachexia, malnutrition, and heart failure has recently received considerable attention. Although these conditions are distinct, they often exhibit a remarkably close relationship. Overlapping diagnostic criteria have been observed in the recently proposed guidelines and position statements, suggesting that several of these conditions may coexist in patients with heart failure. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of these conditions is essential, and interventions must not only target these conditions individually, but also provide comprehensive management strategies. This review article provides an overview of the epidemiology, diagnostic methods, overlap, and prognosis of frailty, sarcopenia, cachexia, and malnutrition in patients with heart failure, incorporating insights from the FRAGILE-HF study data. Additionally, based on existing literature, this article discusses the impact of these conditions on the effectiveness of guideline-directed medical therapy for patients with heart failure. While recognizing these conditions early and promptly implementing interventions may be advantageous, further data, particularly from well-powered, large-scale, randomized controlled trials, are necessary to refine personalized treatment strategies for patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Maeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yudai Fujimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Nakade
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuro Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shiro Ishihara
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Jujo
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuya Matsue
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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3
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Liu S, Anderson PJ, Rajagopal S, Lefkowitz RJ, Rockman HA. G Protein-Coupled Receptors: A Century of Research and Discovery. Circ Res 2024; 135:174-197. [PMID: 38900852 PMCID: PMC11192237 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors), also known as 7 transmembrane domain receptors, are the largest receptor family in the human genome, with ≈800 members. GPCRs regulate nearly every aspect of human physiology and disease, thus serving as important drug targets in cardiovascular disease. Sharing a conserved structure comprised of 7 transmembrane α-helices, GPCRs couple to heterotrimeric G-proteins, GPCR kinases, and β-arrestins, promoting downstream signaling through second messengers and other intracellular signaling pathways. GPCR drug development has led to important cardiovascular therapies, such as antagonists of β-adrenergic and angiotensin II receptors for heart failure and hypertension, and agonists of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor for reducing adverse cardiovascular events and other emerging indications. There continues to be a major interest in GPCR drug development in cardiovascular and cardiometabolic disease, driven by advances in GPCR mechanistic studies and structure-based drug design. This review recounts the rich history of GPCR research, including the current state of clinically used GPCR drugs, and highlights newly discovered aspects of GPCR biology and promising directions for future investigation. As additional mechanisms for regulating GPCR signaling are uncovered, new strategies for targeting these ubiquitous receptors hold tremendous promise for the field of cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical
Center
| | - Preston J. Anderson
- Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB), Duke University, Durham,
NC, 27710, USA
- Duke Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University,
Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical
Center
- Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB), Duke University, Durham,
NC, 27710, USA
- Deparment of Biochemistry Duke University, Durham, NC,
27710, USA
| | - Robert J. Lefkowitz
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical
Center
- Deparment of Biochemistry Duke University, Durham, NC,
27710, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Howard A. Rockman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical
Center
- Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB), Duke University, Durham,
NC, 27710, USA
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4
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Liang W, Han M, Li G, Dang W, Wu H, Meng X, Zhen Y, Lin W, Ao R, Hu X, An Y. Perfusable adipose decellularized extracellular matrix biological scaffold co-recellularized with adipose-derived stem cells and L6 promotes functional skeletal muscle regeneration following volumetric muscle loss. Biomaterials 2024; 307:122529. [PMID: 38489911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Muscle tissue engineering is a promising therapeutic strategy for volumetric muscle loss (VML). Among them, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) biological scaffolds have shown certain effects in restoring muscle function. However, researchers have inconsistent or even contradictory results on whether dECM biological scaffolds can efficiently regenerate muscle fibers and restore muscle function. This suggests that therapeutic strategies based on dECM biological scaffolds need to be further optimized and developed. In this study, we used a recellularization method of perfusing adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and L6 into adipose dECM (adECM) through vascular pedicles. On one hand, this strategy ensures sufficient quantity and uniform distribution of seeded cells inside scaffold. On the other hand, auxiliary L6 cells addresses the issue of low myogenic differentiation efficiency of ASCs. Subsequently, the treatment of VML animal experiments showed that the combined recellularization strategy can improve muscle regeneration and angiogenesis than the single ASCs recellularization strategy, and the TA of former had greater muscle contraction strength. Further single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis found that L6 cells induced ASCs transform into a new subpopulation of cells highly expressing Mki67, CD34 and CDK1 genes, which had stronger ability of oriented myogenic differentiation. This study demonstrates that co-seeding ASCs and L6 cells through vascular pedicles is a promising recellularization strategy for adECM biological scaffolds, and the engineered muscle tissue constructed based on this has significant therapeutic effects on VML. Overall, this study provides a new paradigm for optimizing and developing dECM-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Meng Han
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guan Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wanwen Dang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Huiting Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyu Meng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yonghuan Zhen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weibo Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rigele Ao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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5
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Maaliki D, Jaffa AA, Nasser S, Sahebkar A, Eid AH. Adrenoceptor Desensitization: Current Understanding of Mechanisms. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:358-387. [PMID: 38697858 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce a wide range of extracellular signals. They are key players in the majority of biologic functions including vision, olfaction, chemotaxis, and immunity. However, as essential as most of them are to body function and homeostasis, overactivation of GPCRs has been implicated in many pathologic diseases such as cancer, asthma, and heart failure (HF). Therefore, an important feature of G protein signaling systems is the ability to control GPCR responsiveness, and one key process to control overstimulation involves initiating receptor desensitization. A number of steps are appreciated in the desensitization process, including cell surface receptor phosphorylation, internalization, and downregulation. Rapid or short-term desensitization occurs within minutes and involves receptor phosphorylation via the action of intracellular protein kinases, the binding of β-arrestins, and the consequent uncoupling of GPCRs from their cognate heterotrimeric G proteins. On the other hand, long-term desensitization occurs over hours to days and involves receptor downregulation or a decrease in cell surface receptor protein level. Of the proteins involved in this biologic phenomenon, β-arrestins play a particularly significant role in both short- and long-term desensitization mechanisms. In addition, β-arrestins are involved in the phenomenon of biased agonism, where the biased ligand preferentially activates one of several downstream signaling pathways, leading to altered cellular responses. In this context, this review discusses the different patterns of desensitization of the α 1-, α 2- and the β adrenoceptors and highlights the role of β-arrestins in regulating physiologic responsiveness through desensitization and biased agonism. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: A sophisticated network of proteins orchestrates the molecular regulation of GPCR activity. Adrenoceptors are GPCRs that play vast roles in many physiological processes. Without tightly controlled desensitization of these receptors, homeostatic imbalance may ensue, thus precipitating various diseases. Here, we critically appraise the mechanisms implicated in adrenoceptor desensitization. A better understanding of these mechanisms helps identify new druggable targets within the GPCR desensitization machinery and opens exciting therapeutic fronts in the treatment of several pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Maaliki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (D.M.); School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (A.A.J.); Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom (S.N.); Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar (A.H.E.)
| | - Aneese A Jaffa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (D.M.); School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (A.A.J.); Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom (S.N.); Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar (A.H.E.)
| | - Suzanne Nasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (D.M.); School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (A.A.J.); Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom (S.N.); Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar (A.H.E.)
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (D.M.); School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (A.A.J.); Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom (S.N.); Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar (A.H.E.)
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (D.M.); School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (A.A.J.); Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom (S.N.); Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (A.S.); and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar (A.H.E.)
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6
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Wess J, Oteng AB, Rivera-Gonzalez O, Gurevich EV, Gurevich VV. β-Arrestins: Structure, Function, Physiology, and Pharmacological Perspectives. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:854-884. [PMID: 37028945 PMCID: PMC10441628 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The two β-arrestins, β-arrestin-1 and -2 (systematic names: arrestin-2 and -3, respectively), are multifunctional intracellular proteins that regulate the activity of a very large number of cellular signaling pathways and physiologic functions. The two proteins were discovered for their ability to disrupt signaling via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) via binding to the activated receptors. However, it is now well recognized that both β-arrestins can also act as direct modulators of numerous cellular processes via either GPCR-dependent or -independent mechanisms. Recent structural, biophysical, and biochemical studies have provided novel insights into how β-arrestins bind to activated GPCRs and downstream effector proteins. Studies with β-arrestin mutant mice have identified numerous physiologic and pathophysiological processes regulated by β-arrestin-1 and/or -2. Following a short summary of recent structural studies, this review primarily focuses on β-arrestin-regulated physiologic functions, with particular focus on the central nervous system and the roles of β-arrestins in carcinogenesis and key metabolic processes including the maintenance of glucose and energy homeostasis. This review also highlights potential therapeutic implications of these studies and discusses strategies that could prove useful for targeting specific β-arrestin-regulated signaling pathways for therapeutic purposes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The two β-arrestins, structurally closely related intracellular proteins that are evolutionarily highly conserved, have emerged as multifunctional proteins able to regulate a vast array of cellular and physiological functions. The outcome of studies with β-arrestin mutant mice and cultured cells, complemented by novel insights into β-arrestin structure and function, should pave the way for the development of novel classes of therapeutically useful drugs capable of regulating specific β-arrestin functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Wess
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Antwi-Boasiako Oteng
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Osvaldo Rivera-Gonzalez
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Eugenia V Gurevich
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Vsevolod V Gurevich
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
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7
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Abe T, Jujo K, Maeda D, Saito K, Ogasahara Y, Saito K, Saito H, Iwata K, Konishi M, Kitai T, Kasai T, Wada H, Momomura SI, Kagiyama N, Kamiya K, Yamashita M, Hamazaki N, Nozaki K, Maekawa E, Ako J, Matsue Y. The interaction between physical frailty and prognostic impact of heart failure medication in elderly patients. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:1698-1705. [PMID: 36824014 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Frailty is highly prevalent and associated with poor prognoses in elderly patients with heart failure (HF). However, the potential effects of physical frailty on the benefits of HF medications in elderly patients with HF are unclear. We aimed to determine the influence of physical frailty on the prognosis of HF medications in elderly patients with HF with reduced and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFr/mrEF). METHODS AND RESULTS From the combined HF database of the FRAGILE-HF and Kitasato cohorts, hospitalized HF patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction < 50% and age ≥ 65 years were analysed. Patients treated with or without renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) and beta-blockers at discharge were compared. Physical frailty was defined by the presence of ≥3 items on the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality rate. Among the 1021 enrolled patients, 604 patients (59%) received both RAASi and beta-blockers, and 604 patients (59%) were diagnosed as physically frail. Patients receiving both RAASi and beta-blockers showed a significantly lower 1 year mortality than those not receiving either, even after adjusting for covariates (hazard ratio: 0.50, 95% confidence interval: 0.34-0.75). This beneficial effect of both medications on 1 year mortality was comparable between patients with and without physical frailty (hazard ratio: 0.53 and 0.51, respectively; P for interaction = 0.77). CONCLUSIONS The presence of physical frailty did not interact with the beneficial prognostic impact of RAASi and beta-blocker combination therapy in elderly patients with HFr/mrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Nishiarai Heart Center Hospital, 1-12-8 Nishiarai-Honcho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, 123-0845, Japan
| | - Kentaro Jujo
- Department of Cardiology, Nishiarai Heart Center Hospital, 1-12-8 Nishiarai-Honcho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, 123-0845, Japan
| | - Daichi Maeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Katsumi Saito
- Department of Cardiology, Nishiarai Heart Center Hospital, 1-12-8 Nishiarai-Honcho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, 123-0845, Japan
| | - Yuki Ogasahara
- Department of Nursing, The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuya Saito
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kentaro Iwata
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaaki Konishi
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Kasai
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | | | - Nobuyuki Kagiyama
- Department of Digital Health and Telemedicine R&D, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kamiya
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamashita
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Hamazaki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kohei Nozaki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Emi Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yuya Matsue
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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8
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Benkel T, Zimmermann M, Zeiner J, Bravo S, Merten N, Lim VJY, Matthees ESF, Drube J, Miess-Tanneberg E, Malan D, Szpakowska M, Monteleone S, Grimes J, Koszegi Z, Lanoiselée Y, O'Brien S, Pavlaki N, Dobberstein N, Inoue A, Nikolaev V, Calebiro D, Chevigné A, Sasse P, Schulz S, Hoffmann C, Kolb P, Waldhoer M, Simon K, Gomeza J, Kostenis E. How Carvedilol activates β 2-adrenoceptors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7109. [PMID: 36402762 PMCID: PMC9675828 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34765-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvedilol is among the most effective β-blockers for improving survival after myocardial infarction. Yet the mechanisms by which carvedilol achieves this superior clinical profile are still unclear. Beyond blockade of β1-adrenoceptors, arrestin-biased signalling via β2-adrenoceptors is a molecular mechanism proposed to explain the survival benefits. Here, we offer an alternative mechanism to rationalize carvedilol's cellular signalling. Using primary and immortalized cells genome-edited by CRISPR/Cas9 to lack either G proteins or arrestins; and combining biological, biochemical, and signalling assays with molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that G proteins drive all detectable carvedilol signalling through β2ARs. Because a clear understanding of how drugs act is imperative to data interpretation in basic and clinical research, to the stratification of clinical trials or to the monitoring of drug effects on the target pathway, the mechanistic insight gained here provides a foundation for the rational development of signalling prototypes that target the β-adrenoceptor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Benkel
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Julian Zeiner
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sergi Bravo
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicole Merten
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Victor Jun Yu Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Edda Sofie Fabienne Matthees
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, CMB-Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Drube
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, CMB-Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Elke Miess-Tanneberg
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniela Malan
- Institute of Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martyna Szpakowska
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stefania Monteleone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jak Grimes
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zsombor Koszegi
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Yann Lanoiselée
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Shannon O'Brien
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nikoleta Pavlaki
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Viacheslav Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institute of Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07747, Jena, Germany
- 7TM Antibodies GmbH, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, CMB-Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Kolb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maria Waldhoer
- InterAx Biotech AG, 5234, Villigen, Switzerland
- Ikherma Consulting Ltd, Hitchin, SG4 0TY, UK
| | - Katharina Simon
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jesus Gomeza
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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9
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G-Protein Coupled Receptors in Human Sperm: An In Silico Approach to Identify Potential Modulatory Targets. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196503. [PMID: 36235040 PMCID: PMC9571544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in several physiological processes, and they represent the largest family of drug targets to date. However, the presence and function of these receptors are poorly described in human spermatozoa. Here, we aimed to identify and characterize the GPCRs present in human spermatozoa and perform an in silico analysis to understand their potential role in sperm functions. The human sperm proteome, including proteomic studies in which the criteria used for protein identification was set as <5% FDR and a minimum of 2 peptides match per protein, was crossed with the list of GPCRs retrieved from GLASS and GPCRdb databases. A total of 71 GPCRs were identified in human spermatozoa, of which 7 had selective expression in male tissues (epididymis, seminal vesicles, and testis), and 9 were associated with male infertility defects in mice. Additionally, ADRA2A, AGTR1, AGTR2, FZD3, and GLP1R were already associated with sperm-specific functions such as sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction, and motility, representing potential targets to modulate and improve sperm function. Finally, the protein-protein interaction network for the human sperm GPCRs revealed that 24 GPCRs interact with 49 proteins involved in crucial processes for sperm formation, maturation, and fertilization. This approach allowed the identification of 8 relevant GPCRs (ADGRE5, ADGRL2, GLP1R, AGTR2, CELSR2, FZD3, CELSR3, and GABBR1) present in human spermatozoa that can be the subject of further investigation to be used even as potential modulatory targets to treat male infertility or to develop new non-hormonal male contraceptives.
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10
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Caged-carvedilol as a new tool for visible-light photopharmacology of β-adrenoceptors in native tissues. iScience 2022; 25:105128. [PMID: 36185381 PMCID: PMC9515591 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenoceptors are G protein-coupled receptors involved in a large variety of physiological processes, also under pathological conditions. This is due in large part to their ubiquitous expression in the body exerting numerous essential functions. Therefore, the possibility to control their activity with high spatial and temporal precision would constitute a valuable research tool. In this study, we present a caged version of the approved non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonist carvedilol, synthesized by alkylation of its secondary amine with a coumarin derivative. Introducing this photo-removable group abolished carvedilol physiological effects in cell cultures, mouse isolated perfused hearts and living zebrafish larvae. Only after visible light application, carvedilol was released and the different physiological systems were pharmacologically modulated in a similar manner as the control drug. This research provides a new photopharmacological tool for a wide range of research applications that may help in the development of future precise therapies. We report a diffusible caged antagonist based on the beta blocker carvedilol (C-C) Carvedilol release from C-C is produced by light on the visible range (405 nm) Light-dependent effects are assessed in cells, mice hearts, and zebrafish larvae Physiological processes can be regulated by C-C and light (heart rate and behavior)
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11
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Maning J, Desimine VL, Pollard CM, Ghandour J, Lymperopoulos A. Carvedilol Selectively Stimulates βArrestin2-Dependent SERCA2a Activity in Cardiomyocytes to Augment Contractility. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911315. [PMID: 36232617 PMCID: PMC9570329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) carries the highest mortality in the western world and β-blockers [β-adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonists] are part of the cornerstone pharmacotherapy for post-myocardial infarction (MI) chronic HF. Cardiac β1AR-activated βarrestin2, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) adapter protein, promotes Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)2a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier)-ylation and activity, thereby directly increasing cardiac contractility. Given that certain β-blockers, such as carvedilol and metoprolol, can activate βarrestins and/or SERCA2a in the heart, we investigated the effects of these two agents on cardiac βarrestin2-dependent SERCA2a SUMOylation and activity. We found that carvedilol, but not metoprolol, acutely induces βarrestin2 interaction with SERCA2a in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs), resulting in enhanced SERCA2a SUMOylation. However, this translates into enhanced SERCA2a activity only in the presence of the β2AR-selective inverse agonist ICI 118,551 (ICI), indicating an opposing effect of carvedilol-occupied β2AR subtype on carvedilol-occupied β1AR-stimulated, βarrestin2-dependent SERCA2a activation. In addition, the amplitude of fractional shortening of NRVMs, transfected to overexpress βarrestin2, is acutely enhanced by carvedilol, again in the presence of ICI only. In contrast, metoprolol was without effect on NRVMs’ shortening amplitude irrespective of ICI co-treatment. Importantly, the pro-contractile effect of carvedilol was also observed in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hIPSC)-derived cardiac myocytes (CMs) overexpressing βarrestin2, and, in fact, it was present even without concomitant ICI treatment of human CMs. Metoprolol with or without concomitant ICI did not affect contractility of human CMs, either. In conclusion, carvedilol, but not metoprolol, stimulates βarrestin2-mediated SERCA2a SUMOylation and activity through the β1AR in cardiac myocytes, translating into direct positive inotropy. However, this unique βarrestin2-dependent pro-contractile effect of carvedilol may be opposed or masked by carvedilol-bound β2AR subtype signaling.
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12
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Dalle S, Schouten M, Meeus G, Slagmolen L, Koppo K. Molecular networks underlying cannabinoid signaling in skeletal muscle plasticity. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3517-3540. [PMID: 35862111 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The cannabinoid system is ubiquitously present and is classically considered to engage in neural and immunity processes. Yet, the role of the cannabinoid system in the whole body and tissue metabolism via central and peripheral mechanisms is increasingly recognized. The present review provides insights in (i) how cannabinoid signaling is regulated via receptor-independent and -dependent mechanisms and (ii) how these signaling cascades (might) affect skeletal muscle plasticity and physiology. Receptor-independent mechanisms include endocannabinoid metabolism to eicosanoids and the regulation of ion channels. Alternatively, endocannabinoids can act as ligands for different classic (cannabinoid receptor 1 [CB1 ], CB2 ) and/or alternative (e.g., TRPV1, GPR55) cannabinoid receptors with a unique affinity, specificity, and intracellular signaling cascade (often tissue-specific). Antagonism of CB1 might hold clues to improve oxidative (mitochondrial) metabolism, insulin sensitivity, satellite cell growth, and muscle anabolism, whereas CB2 agonism might be a promising way to stimulate muscle metabolism and muscle cell growth. Besides, CB2 ameliorates muscle regeneration via macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, induction of MyoD and myogenin expression and antifibrotic mechanisms. Also TRPV1 and GPR55 contribute to the regulation of muscle growth and metabolism. Future studies should reveal how the cannabinoid system can be targeted to improve muscle quantity and/or quality in conditions such as ageing, disease, disuse, and metabolic dysregulation, taking into account challenges that are inherent to modulation of the cannabinoid system, such as central and peripheral side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Dalle
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Moniek Schouten
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gitte Meeus
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lotte Slagmolen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Koppo
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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13
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Pérez Piñero C, Rivero EM, Gargiulo L, Rodríguez MS, Bruque CD, Bruzzone A, Lüthy IA. Adrenergic receptors in breast cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 193:37-63. [PMID: 36357079 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide and in the majority of the countries. Breast cancers are classified on the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression and overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) as luminal, HER2+ and triple negative breast cancer. The intrinsic molecular subtypes match this classification. Cancer diagnosis and treatment cause distress. In both acute and chronic stress, the secreted catecholamines adrenaline and noradrenaline trigger the "fight-or-flight" response. This chapter focuses on the actions of the β2 and α2 adrenergic receptors in several models of breast cancer. The actions of these receptors depend on the model used to investigate them. The β2-adrenergic receptors seem to exert a dual action. They can directly act on the epithelial cells inhibiting cell proliferation and migration/invasion and indirectly upon the immune microenvironment. The proportion of β2 receptors in each compartment could, therefore, lean the scale to an inhibition or to an exacerbation of tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. All the work points to a beneficial or neutral action of β-blockers on breast cancer. With respect to α2-adrenergic receptors, the investigation performed by our group suggest that the α2B and the α2C receptors are linked to enhanced cell proliferation and tumor growth acting through both the epithelial and the stromal (fibroblastic) compartments while α2A could be beneficial for patients. Some adrenergic compounds could be repurposed for breast cancer treatment due to their very low side effects and very well-known pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Pérez Piñero
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Lucía Gargiulo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Sol Rodríguez
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos David Bruque
- Genética Molecular Humana y Bioinformática, Unidad de Conocimiento Traslacional Hospitalaria Patagónica, Hospital de Alta Complejidad SAMIC - El Calafate, El Calafate, Argentina
| | - Ariana Bruzzone
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca INIBIBB -CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isabel Alicia Lüthy
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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14
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Chen H, Zhang S, Zhang X, Liu H. QR code model: a new possibility for GPCR phosphorylation recognition. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:23. [PMID: 35236365 PMCID: PMC8889771 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane proteins in the human body and are responsible for accurately transmitting extracellular information to cells. Arrestin is an important member of the GPCR signaling pathway. The main function of arrestin is to assist receptor desensitization, endocytosis and signal transduction. In these processes, the recognition and binding of arrestin to phosphorylated GPCRs is fundamental. However, the mechanism by which arrestin recognizes phosphorylated GPCRs is not fully understood. The GPCR phosphorylation recognition "bar code model" and "flute" model describe the basic process of receptor phosphorylation recognition in terms of receptor phosphorylation sites, arrestin structural changes and downstream signaling. These two models suggest that GPCR phosphorylation recognition is a process involving multiple factors. This process can be described by a "QR code" model in which ligands, GPCRs, G protein-coupled receptor kinase, arrestin, and phosphorylation sites work together to determine the biological functions of phosphorylated receptors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Suli Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Fu L, Jin W, Zhang J, Zhu L, Lu J, Zhen Y, Zhang L, Ouyang L, Liu B, Yu H. Repurposing non-oncology small-molecule drugs to improve cancer therapy: Current situation and future directions. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:532-557. [PMID: 35256933 PMCID: PMC8897051 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing or repositioning has been well-known to refer to the therapeutic applications of a drug for another indication other than it was originally approved for. Repurposing non-oncology small-molecule drugs has been increasingly becoming an attractive approach to improve cancer therapy, with potentially lower overall costs and shorter timelines. Several non-oncology drugs approved by FDA have been recently reported to treat different types of human cancers, with the aid of some new emerging technologies, such as omics sequencing and artificial intelligence to overcome the bottleneck of drug repurposing. Therefore, in this review, we focus on summarizing the therapeutic potential of non-oncology drugs, including cardiovascular drugs, microbiological drugs, small-molecule antibiotics, anti-viral drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-neurodegenerative drugs, antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, and other drugs in human cancers. We also discuss their novel potential targets and relevant signaling pathways of these old non-oncology drugs in cancer therapies. Taken together, these inspiring findings will shed new light on repurposing more non-oncology small-molecule drugs with their intricate molecular mechanisms for future cancer drug discovery.
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16
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Mohamed RMSM, Elshazly SM, Nafea OE, Abd El Motteleb DM. Comparative cardioprotective effects of carvedilol versus atenolol in a rat model of cardiorenal syndrome type 4. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:2117-2128. [PMID: 34398250 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of chronic kidney disease is escalating; cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) type 4 is gaining a major health concern causing significant morbidity and mortality, putting major burdens on the healthcare system. This study was designed to compare the cardioprotective effects of carvedilol versus atenolol against CRS type 4 induced by subtotal 5/6 nephrectomy in rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Immediately after surgery, carvedilol (20 mg/kg/day) or atenolol (20 mg/kg/day) was added to drinking water for 10 weeks. Carvedilol was more effective than atenolol in improving kidney functions, decreasing elevated blood pressures, attenuating cardiac hypertrophy, reducing serum brain natriuretic peptide, and diminished cardiac fibrous tissue deposition. However, carvedilol was equivalent to atenolol in modulating β1-adrenergic receptors (β1ARs) and cardiac diacylglycerol (DAG) signaling, but carvedilol was superior in modulating β-arrestin2, phosphatidyl inositol 4,5 bisphosphates (PIP2), and caspase 3 levels. Carvedilol has superior cardioprotective effects than atenolol in a rat model of CRS type 4. These protective effects are mediated through modulating cardiac β1ARs/β-arrestin2/PIP2/DAG as well as abating cardiac apoptotic signaling pathways (caspase3/pS473 protein kinase B (Akt)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M S M Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ola E Nafea
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Du X. Sympatho-adrenergic mechanisms in heart failure: new insights into pathophysiology. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2021; 1:47-77. [PMID: 37724075 PMCID: PMC10388789 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2021-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system is activated in the setting of heart failure (HF) to compensate for hemodynamic instability. However, acute sympathetic surge or sustained high neuronal firing rates activates β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) signaling contributing to myocardial remodeling, dysfunction and electrical instability. Thus, sympatho-βAR activation is regarded as a hallmark of HF and forms pathophysiological basis for β-blocking therapy. Building upon earlier research findings, studies conducted in the recent decades have significantly advanced our understanding on the sympatho-adrenergic mechanism in HF, which forms the focus of this article. This review notes recent research progress regarding the roles of cardiac β2AR or α1AR in the failing heart, significance of β1AR-autoantibodies, and βAR signaling through G-protein independent signaling pathways. Sympatho-βAR regulation of immune cells or fibroblasts is specifically discussed. On the neuronal aspects, knowledge is assembled on the remodeling of sympathetic nerves of the failing heart, regulation by presynaptic α2AR of NE release, and findings on device-based neuromodulation of the sympathetic nervous system. The review ends with highlighting areas where significant knowledge gaps exist but hold promise for new breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Du
- Faculty of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi’an710061, Shaanxi, China
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC3004, Australia
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18
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Pani B, Ahn S, Rambarat PK, Vege S, Kahsai AW, Liu A, Valan BN, Staus DP, Costa T, Lefkowitz RJ. Unique Positive Cooperativity Between the β-Arrestin-Biased β-Blocker Carvedilol and a Small Molecule Positive Allosteric Modulator of the β2-Adrenergic Receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:513-525. [PMID: 34580163 PMCID: PMC8998675 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Among β-blockers that are clinically prescribed for heart failure, carvedilol is a first-choice agent with unique pharmacological properties. Carvedilol is distinct from other β-blockers in its ability to elicit β-arrestin–biased agonism, which has been suggested to underlie its cardioprotective effects. Augmenting the pharmacologic properties of carvedilol thus holds the promise of developing more efficacious and/or biased β-blockers. We recently identified compound-6 (cmpd-6), the first small molecule positive allosteric modulator of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR). Cmpd-6 is positively cooperative with orthosteric agonists at the β2AR and enhances agonist-mediated transducer (G-protein and β-arrestin) signaling in an unbiased manner. Here, we report that cmpd-6, quite unexpectedly, displays strong positive cooperativity only with carvedilol among a panel of structurally diverse β-blockers. Cmpd-6 enhances the binding affinity of carvedilol for the β2AR and augments its ability to competitively antagonize agonist-induced cAMP generation. Cmpd-6 potentiates β-arrestin1– but not Gs-protein–mediated high-affinity binding of carvedilol at the β2AR and β-arrestin–mediated cellular functions in response to carvedilol including extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, receptor endocytosis, and trafficking into lysosomes. Importantly, an analog of cmpd-6 that selectively retains positive cooperativity with carvedilol acts as a negative modulator of agonist-stimulated β2AR signaling. These unprecedented cooperative properties of carvedilol and cmpd-6 have implications for fundamental understanding of G-protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) allosteric modulation, as well as for the development of more effective biased beta blockers and other GPCR therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswaranjan Pani
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Seungkirl Ahn
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Paula K Rambarat
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Shashank Vege
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Alem W Kahsai
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Andrew Liu
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Bruno N Valan
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Dean P Staus
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Tommaso Costa
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
| | - Robert J Lefkowitz
- Department of Medicine (B.P., S.A., S.V., A.W.K., A.L., B.N.V., D.P.S., R.J.L.), Department of Biochemistry (R.J.L.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.J.L.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (P.K.R.); and Viale America 111, Rome, Italy (T.C.)
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19
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Yuan S, Zheng S, Zheng K, Gao Y, Chen M, Li Y, Bai X. Sympathetic activity is correlated with satellite cell aging and myogenesis via β2-adrenoceptor. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:505. [PMID: 34530910 PMCID: PMC8447727 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Sympathetic activity plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, and it changes over time, thereby exerting differential effects on various stem cell types. Aging causes sympathetic hyperactivity in aged tissues and blunts sympathetic nerves regulation, and sympathetic abnormalities play a role in aging-related diseases. Currently, the effect of sympathetic activity on skeletal muscle stem cells, namely satellite cells (SCs), is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of skeletal muscle sympathetic activity on SC aging and skeletal muscle repair. Materials and methods To evaluate skeletal muscle and fibrotic areas, numbers of SCs and myonuclei per muscle fiber, β2-adrenoceptor (β2-ADR) expression, muscle repair, and sympathetic innervation in skeletal muscle, aged mice, young mice that underwent chemical sympathectomy (CS) were utilized. Mice with a tibialis anterior muscle injury were treated by barium chloride (BaCl2) and clenbuterol (CLB) in vivo. SCs or C2C12 cells were differentiated into myotubes and treated with or without CLB. Immunofluorescence, western blot, sirius red, and hematoxylin–eosin were used to evaluate SCs, myogenic repair and differentiation. Results The number of SCs, sympathetic activity, and reparability of muscle injury in aged mice were significantly decreased, compared with those in young mice. The above characteristics of young mice that underwent CS were similar to those of aged mice. While CLB promoted the repair of muscle injury in aged and CS mice and ameliorated the reduction in the SC number and sympathetic activity, the effects of CLB on the SCs and sympathetic nerves in young mice were not significant. CLB inhibited the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells in vitro. We further found that NF-κB and ERK1/2 signaling pathways were activated during myogenic differentiation, and this process could be inhibited by CLB. Conclusion Normal sympathetic activity promoted the stemness of SCs to thereby maintain a steady state. It also could maintain total and self-renewing number of SCs and maintain a quiescent state, which was correlated with skeletal SCs via β2-ADR. Normal sympathetic activity was also beneficial for the myogenic repair of injured skeletal muscle. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02571-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiguo Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hainan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, 570203, China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Yanping Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Meixiong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hainan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, 570203, China
| | - Yikai Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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20
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Yin L, Li N, Jia W, Wang N, Liang M, Yang X, Du G. Skeletal muscle atrophy: From mechanisms to treatments. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105807. [PMID: 34389456 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a crucial tissue for movement, gestural assistance, metabolic homeostasis, and thermogenesis. It makes up approximately 40% of the total body weight and 50% of total protein. However, several pathological abnormalities (e.g., chronic diseases, cancer, long-term infection, aging) can induce an imbalance in skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation, which triggers muscle wasting and even leads to atrophy. Skeletal muscle atrophy is characterized by weakening, shrinking, and decreasing muscle mass and fiber cross-sectional area at the histological level. It manifests as a reduction in force production, easy fatigue and decreased exercise capability, along with a lower quality of life. Mechanistically, there are several pathophysiological processes involved in skeletal muscle atrophy, including oxidative stress and inflammation, which then activate signal transduction, such as the ubiquitin proteasome system, autophagy lysosome system, and mTOR. Considering the great economic and social burden that muscle atrophy can inflict, effective prevention and treatment strategies are essential but still limited. Exercise is widely acknowledged as the most effective therapy for skeletal muscle atrophy; unfortunately, it is not applicable for all patients. Several active substances for skeletal muscle atrophy have been discovered and evaluated in clinical trials, however, they have not been marketed to date. Knowledge is being gained on the underlying mechanisms, highlighting more promising treatment strategies in the future. In this paper, the mechanisms and treatment strategies for skeletal muscle atrophy are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Weihua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Nuoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Meidai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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21
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Abstract
The four vertebrate arrestins play a key role in the desensitization and internalization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and also mediate receptor-dependent signaling. Recent work has shown that bias for arrestin vs G protein signaling could offer certain therapeutic advantages (or disadvantages) in different systems, making assays that measure arrestin binding to receptors important for drug discovery efforts. Herein, we briefly review several commonly used techniques for measuring arrestin binding to receptors, as well as provide an in-depth and methodologically focused review of two methods that do not require receptor modification. The first approach measures direct binding between purified arrestin and rhodopsin, and the second measures the recruitment of arrestin to receptors in living cells.
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22
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Zhang D, Wang Y, Lin H, Sun Y, Wang M, Jia Y, Yu X, Jiang H, Xu W, Sun JP, Xu Z. Function and therapeutic potential of G protein-coupled receptors in epididymis. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5489-5508. [PMID: 32901914 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility rates for both females and males have increased continuously in recent years. Currently, effective treatments for male infertility with defined mechanisms or targets are still lacking. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of drug targets, but their functions and the implications for the therapeutic development for male infertility largely remain elusive. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that several members of the GPCR superfamily play crucial roles in the maintenance of ion-water homeostasis of the epididymis, development of the efferent ductules, formation of the blood-epididymal barrier and maturation of sperm. Knowledge of the functions, genetic variations and working mechanisms of such GPCRs, along with the drugs and ligands relevant to their specific functions, provide future directions and a great arsenal for new developments in the treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.,Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingli Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.,Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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