1
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Zarzyczny KM, Rius M, Williams ST, Fenberg PB. The ecological and evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation. Trends Ecol Evol 2024; 39:267-279. [PMID: 38030539 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Tropicalisation is a marine phenomenon arising from contemporary climate change, and is characterised by the range expansion of tropical/subtropical species and the retraction of temperate species. Tropicalisation occurs globally and can be detected in both tropical/temperate transition zones and temperate regions. The ecological consequences of tropicalisation range from single-species impacts (e.g., altered behaviour) to whole ecosystem changes (e.g., phase shifts in intertidal and subtidal habitats). Our understanding of the evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation is limited, but emerging evidence suggests that tropicalisation could induce phenotypic change as well as shifts in the genotypic composition of both expanding and retracting species. Given the rapid rate of contemporary climate change, research on tropicalisation focusing on shifts in ecosystem functioning, biodiversity change, and socioeconomic impacts is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina M Zarzyczny
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK; Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
| | - Marc Rius
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Accés a la Cala Sant Francesc 14, Blanes 17300, Spain; Department of Zoology, Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Phillip B Fenberg
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK; Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
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2
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Kendrick GA, Cambridge ML, Orth RJ, Fraser MW, Hovey RK, Statton J, Pattiaratchi CB, Sinclair EA. The cycle of seagrass life: From flowers to new meadows. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10456. [PMID: 37664509 PMCID: PMC10469021 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding sexual reproduction and recruitment in seagrasses is crucial to their conservation and restoration. Flowering, seed production, seed recruitment, and seedling establishment data for the seagrass Posidonia australis was collected annually between 2013 and 2018 in meadows at six locations around Rottnest Island, Western Australia. Variable annual rates of flowering and seed production were observed among meadows between northern and southern sides of the island and among years. Meadows on the northern shore consistently flowered more intensely and produced more seeds across the years of the survey. Inter-site variation in clonal diversity and size of clones, seed production, wind and surface currents during pollen and seed release, and the large, but variable, impact of seed predation are likely the principal drivers of successful recruitment into established meadows and in colonizing unvegetated sands. The prolific but variable annual reproductive investment increases the probability of low levels of continuous recruitment from seed in this seagrass, despite high rates of abiotic and biotic disturbance at seedling, shoot, and patch scales. This strategy also imparts a level of ecological resilience to this long-lived and persistent species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A. Kendrick
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaCrawleyAustralia
| | - Marion L. Cambridge
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaCrawleyAustralia
| | - Robert J. Orth
- Virginia Institute of Marine ScienceCollege of William and MaryGloucester PointVirginiaUSA
| | - Matthew W. Fraser
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaCrawleyAustralia
| | - Renae K. Hovey
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaCrawleyAustralia
| | - John Statton
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaCrawleyAustralia
| | - Charitha B. Pattiaratchi
- Oceans Graduate School and UWA Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Elizabeth A. Sinclair
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaCrawleyAustralia
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3
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Jofré Madariaga D, González MT, Días Bórquez C, Macaya EC, Harrod C, Thiel M. Successful intertidal colonization of the invasive macroalga Codium fragile near its equatorial/warm range limit in the South-East Pacific. Biol Invasions 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-023-03015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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4
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Chandelier G, Kiszka JJ, Dulau-Drouot V, Jean C, Poirout T, Estrade V, Barret M, Fayan J, Jaquemet S. Isotopic niche partitioning of co-occurring large marine vertebrates around an Indian ocean tropical oceanic island. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 183:105835. [PMID: 36527765 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tropical oceans host a high diversity of species, including large marine consumers. In these oligotrophic ecosystems, oceanic islands often favour the aggregation of species and biomass as they provide feeding opportunities related to the mechanisms of island mass effect. As such, the waters surrounding La Reunion (Southwest Indian Ocean) host seabirds, large pelagic teleosts, elasmobranchs, delphinids and sea turtles. Isotopic niche partitioning and comparison of trophic levels among these species (n = 21) were investigated using stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analysis. Overall, δ13C values were highly variable among taxa, indicating that the species exploit multiple foraging habitats along a coast-open ocean gradient. Overlap in δ15N values was limited, except for teleost species, the two species of sea turtles and two species of delphinids, the Indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) and the Spinner dolphin (Stellena longirostris). Stable isotope analyses of samples collected over a 9-years period on different tissues with different integration times provide a consistent picture of the structure of the community of large marine vertebrates species around La Reunion and highlight the underlying mechanisms to limit the competition between species. The wide range of isotopic values confirms that large marine vertebrates have different trophic roles in coastal marine food webs around this oceanic island, which limits their potential of competitive interactions for resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Chandelier
- UMR Entropie, Université de la Réunion, 15 avenue René Cassin, 97744, Saint Denis Cédex 9, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Jeremy J Kiszka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151th Street, North Miami, FL, 33181, USA
| | - Violaine Dulau-Drouot
- Groupe Local d'Observation et d'Identification des Cétacés (GLOBICE), 97432, Ravine des Cabris, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Claire Jean
- Kelonia, l'observatoire des tortues marines, 46 rue du Général de Gaulle, 97436, Saint Leu, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Thomas Poirout
- UMR Entropie, Université de la Réunion, 15 avenue René Cassin, 97744, Saint Denis Cédex 9, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Vanessa Estrade
- Groupe Local d'Observation et d'Identification des Cétacés (GLOBICE), 97432, Ravine des Cabris, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Mathieu Barret
- Kelonia, l'observatoire des tortues marines, 46 rue du Général de Gaulle, 97436, Saint Leu, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Jacques Fayan
- Brigade Nature Océan Indien (BNOI), 12 All de la forêt parc de la providence, 97400, Saint-Denis, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Sébastien Jaquemet
- UMR Entropie, Université de la Réunion, 15 avenue René Cassin, 97744, Saint Denis Cédex 9, Ile de La Réunion, France.
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5
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Spake R, O’Dea RE, Nakagawa S, Doncaster CP, Ryo M, Callaghan CT, Bullock JM. Improving quantitative synthesis to achieve generality in ecology. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1818-1828. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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6
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Unsworth RKF, Cullen-Unsworth LC, Jones BLH, Lilley RJ. The planetary role of seagrass conservation. Science 2022; 377:609-613. [PMID: 35926055 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq6923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Seagrasses are remarkable plants that have adapted to live in a marine environment. They form extensive meadows found globally that bioengineer their local environments and preserve the coastal seascape. With the increasing realization of the planetary emergency that we face, there is growing interest in using seagrasses as a nature-based solution for greenhouse gas mitigation. However, seagrass sensitivity to stressors is acute, and in many places, the risk of loss and degradation persists. If the ecological state of seagrasses remains compromised, then their ability to contribute to nature-based solutions for the climate emergency and biodiversity crisis remains in doubt. We examine the major ecological role that seagrasses play and how rethinking their conservation is critical to understanding their part in fighting our planetary emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K F Unsworth
- Seagrass Ecosystem Research Group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.,Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK
| | - Leanne C Cullen-Unsworth
- Seagrass Ecosystem Research Group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.,Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK
| | - Benjamin L H Jones
- Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK.,Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard J Lilley
- Project Seagrass, The Yard, Bridgend Industrial Estate, Bridgend CF31 3EB, Wales, UK
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7
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Ashton GV, Freestone AL, Duffy JE, Torchin ME, Sewall BJ, Tracy B, Albano M, Altieri AH, Altvater L, Bastida-Zavala R, Bortolus A, Brante A, Bravo V, Brown N, Buschmann AH, Buskey E, Barrera RC, Cheng B, Collin R, Coutinho R, De Gracia L, Dias GM, DiBacco C, Flores AAV, Haddad MA, Hoffman Z, Erquiaga BI, Janiak D, Campeán AJ, Keith I, Leclerc JC, Lecompte-Pérez OP, Longo GO, Matthews-Cascon H, McKenzie CH, Miller J, Munizaga M, Naval-Xavier LPD, Navarrete SA, Otálora C, Palomino-Alvarez LA, Palomo MG, Patrick C, Pegau C, Pereda SV, Rocha RM, Rumbold C, Sánchez C, Sanjuan-Muñoz A, Schlöder C, Schwindt E, Seemann J, Shanks A, Simoes N, Skinner L, Suárez-Mozo NY, Thiel M, Valdivia N, Velez-Zuazo X, Vieira EA, Vildoso B, Wehrtmann IS, Whalen M, Wilbur L, Ruiz GM. Predator control of marine communities increases with temperature across 115 degrees of latitude. Science 2022; 376:1215-1219. [PMID: 35679394 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Early naturalists suggested that predation intensity increases toward the tropics, affecting fundamental ecological and evolutionary processes by latitude, but empirical support is still limited. Several studies have measured consumption rates across latitude at large scales, with variable results. Moreover, how predation affects prey community composition at such geographic scales remains unknown. Using standardized experiments that spanned 115° of latitude, at 36 nearshore sites along both coasts of the Americas, we found that marine predators have both higher consumption rates and consistently stronger impacts on biomass and species composition of marine invertebrate communities in warmer tropical waters, likely owing to fish predators. Our results provide robust support for a temperature-dependent gradient in interaction strength and have potential implications for how marine ecosystems will respond to ocean warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail V Ashton
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Tiburon, CA and Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Amy L Freestone
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Tiburon, CA and Edgewater, MD, USA.,Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama
| | - J Emmett Duffy
- Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network and MarineGEO program, Smithsonian Institution, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Mark E Torchin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama.,Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Brent J Sewall
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brianna Tracy
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Tiburon, CA and Edgewater, MD, USA.,United States Naval Academy Oceanography Department, Annapolis, MD, USA
| | - Mariano Albano
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
| | - Andrew H Altieri
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama.,Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Luciana Altvater
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rolando Bastida-Zavala
- Laboratorio de Sistemática de Invertebrados Marinos (LABSIM), Universidad del Mar, campus Puerto Angel, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Bortolus
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Antonio Brante
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustenables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Viviana Bravo
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama
| | - Norah Brown
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada.,School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Edward Buskey
- Mission-Aransas NERR, University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, USA
| | | | - Brian Cheng
- Gloucester Marine Station, Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Collin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama
| | - Ricardo Coutinho
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luis De Gracia
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustenables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gustavo M Dias
- Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio DiBacco
- Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
| | - Augusto A V Flores
- Centre for Marine Biology, University of São Paulo, São Sebastião, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Zvi Hoffman
- Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | | | - Dean Janiak
- Smithsonian Marine Station, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Analí Jiménez Campeán
- Laboratorio MARINAR, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.,Asociacion Conservaccion, Lima, Peru
| | - Inti Keith
- Charles Darwin Research Station, Charles Darwin Foundation, Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador
| | - Jean-Charles Leclerc
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Dinámicas de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Chile
| | | | | | | | - Cynthia H McKenzie
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL Canada
| | - Jessica Miller
- Oregon State University, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Martín Munizaga
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Island (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Lais P D Naval-Xavier
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio A Navarrete
- Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Las Cruces, Chile
| | - Carlos Otálora
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Lilian A Palomino-Alvarez
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México.,Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación Sisal (UMDI-SISAL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Yucatán, México
| | | | - Chris Patrick
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, VA, USA
| | - Cormack Pegau
- Oil Spill Recovery Institute/PWSSC, Cordova, AK, USA
| | - Sandra V Pereda
- Centro i-mar and CeBiB, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Rosana M Rocha
- Zoology Department, University Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rumbold
- CIT Santa Cruz (CONICET-UNPA), IlMyC (CONICET-FCEyN, UNMdP), Argentina
| | - Carlos Sánchez
- Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Sanjuan-Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Carmen Schlöder
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama
| | - Evangelina Schwindt
- Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Janina Seemann
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama.,Zukunft Umwelt Gesellschaft (ZUG) gGmbH, International Climate Initiative, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alan Shanks
- University of Oregon, Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, Charleston, OR, USA
| | - Nuno Simoes
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación Sisal (UMDI-SISAL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Yucatán, México.,Laboratorio Nacional de Resiliencia Costera (LANRESC), CONACYT, Sisal, Yucatan, Mexico.,International Chair for Ocean and Coastal Studies, Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University at Corpus Christi (TAMUCC), Corpus Christi, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Skinner
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nancy Yolimar Suárez-Mozo
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México.,Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación Sisal (UMDI-SISAL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Yucatán, México
| | - Martin Thiel
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Island (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Nelson Valdivia
- Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Dinámicas de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ximena Velez-Zuazo
- Center for Conservation and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Edson A Vieira
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Ingo S Wehrtmann
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Matt Whalen
- Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network and MarineGEO program, Smithsonian Institution, Edgewater, MD, USA.,Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada.,Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Lynn Wilbur
- University of Aberdeen, Oceanlab, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Gregory M Ruiz
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Tiburon, CA and Edgewater, MD, USA
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8
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Bosch NE, McLean M, Zarco-Perello S, Bennett S, Stuart-Smith RD, Vergés A, Pessarrodona A, Tuya F, Langlois T, Spencer C, Bell S, Saunders BJ, Harvey ES, Wernberg T. Persistent thermally driven shift in the functional trait structure of herbivorous fishes: Evidence of top-down control on the rebound potential of temperate seaweed forests? GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2296-2311. [PMID: 34981602 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events can reshape the functional structure of ecological communities, potentially altering ecological interactions and ecosystem functioning. While these shifts have been widely documented, evidence of their persistence and potential flow-on effects on ecosystem structure following relaxation of extreme events remains limited. Here, we investigate changes in the functional trait structure - encompassing dimensions of resource use, thermal affinity, and body size - of herbivorous fishes in a temperate reef system that experienced an extreme marine heatwave (MHW) and subsequent return to cool conditions. We quantify how changes in the trait structure modified the nature and intensity of herbivory-related functions (macroalgae, turf, and sediment removal), and explored the potential flow-on effects on the recovery dynamics of macroalgal foundation species. The trait structure of the herbivorous fish assemblage shifted as a result of the MHW, from dominance of cool-water browsing species to increased evenness in the distribution of abundance among temperate and tropical guilds supporting novel herbivory roles (i.e. scraping, cropping, and sediment sucking). Despite the abundance of tropical herbivorous fishes and intensity of herbivory-related functions declined following a period of cooling after the MHW, the underlying trait structure displayed limited recovery. Concomitantly, algal assemblages displayed a lack of recovery of the formerly dominant foundational species, the kelp Ecklonia radiata, transitioning to an alternative state dominated by turf and Sargassum spp. Our study demonstrates a legacy effect of an extreme MHW and exemplified the value of monitoring phenotypic (trait mediated) changes in the nature of core ecosystem processes to predict and adapt to the future configurations of changing reef ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor E Bosch
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Salvador Zarco-Perello
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Scott Bennett
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rick D Stuart-Smith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Centre of Marine Science & Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Albert Pessarrodona
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de G.C., Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Tim Langlois
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Claude Spencer
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sahira Bell
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Saunders
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Euan S Harvey
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
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9
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Gross CP, Duffy JE, Hovel KA, Kardish MR, Reynolds PL, Boström C, Boyer KE, Cusson M, Eklöf J, Engelen AH, Eriksson BK, Fodrie FJ, Griffin JN, Hereu CM, Hori M, Hughes AR, Ivanov MV, Jorgensen P, Kruschel C, Lee KS, Lefcheck J, McGlathery K, Moksnes PO, Nakaoka M, O'Connor MI, O'Connor NE, Olsen JL, Orth RJ, Peterson BJ, Reiss H, Rossi F, Ruesink J, Sotka EE, Thormar J, Tomas F, Unsworth R, Voigt EP, Whalen MA, Ziegler SL, Stachowicz JJ. The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20211762. [PMID: 35193403 PMCID: PMC8864368 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
While considerable evidence exists of biogeographic patterns in the intensity of species interactions, the influence of these patterns on variation in community structure is less clear. Studying how the distributions of traits in communities vary along global gradients can inform how variation in interactions and other factors contribute to the process of community assembly. Using a model selection approach on measures of trait dispersion in crustaceans associated with eelgrass (Zostera marina) spanning 30° of latitude in two oceans, we found that dispersion strongly increased with increasing predation and decreasing latitude. Ocean and epiphyte load appeared as secondary predictors; Pacific communities were more overdispersed while Atlantic communities were more clustered, and increasing epiphytes were associated with increased clustering. By examining how species interactions and environmental filters influence community structure across biogeographic regions, we demonstrate how both latitudinal variation in species interactions and historical contingency shape these responses. Community trait distributions have implications for ecosystem stability and functioning, and integrating large-scale observations of environmental filters, species interactions and traits can help us predict how communities may respond to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin P Gross
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J Emmett Duffy
- Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, MarineGEO, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Kevin A Hovel
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Melissa R Kardish
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pamela L Reynolds
- DataLab: Data Science and Informatics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christoffer Boström
- Department of Environmental and Marine Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo, Finland
| | - Katharyn E Boyer
- Estuary & Ocean Science Center and Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mathieu Cusson
- Sciences fondamentales and Québec Océan, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Johan Eklöf
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences (DEEP), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - F Joel Fodrie
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, USA
| | - John N Griffin
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Clara M Hereu
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja CA, Mexico
| | - Masakazu Hori
- Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - A Randall Hughes
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA, USA
| | - Mikhail V Ivanov
- Department of Ichthyology and Hydrobiology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Pablo Jorgensen
- Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur, Argentina
| | | | - Kun-Seop Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jonathan Lefcheck
- DataLab: Data Science and Informatics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Karen McGlathery
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Per-Olav Moksnes
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Mary I O'Connor
- Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nessa E O'Connor
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Robert J Orth
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA
| | - Bradley J Peterson
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Francesca Rossi
- Centre National de la Récherche Scientifique, ECOSEAS Laboratory, Université de Cote d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jennifer Ruesink
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erik E Sotka
- Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Fiona Tomas
- IMEDEAS (CSIC), Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | | | - Erin P Voigt
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Matthew A Whalen
- Hakai Institute, Campbell River, British Columbia, Canada.,University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - John J Stachowicz
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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10
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Esquivel‐Muelbert JR, Lanham BS, Martínez‐Baena F, Dafforn KA, Gribben PE, Bishop MJ. Spatial variation in the biotic and abiotic filters of oyster recruitment: Implications for restoration. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brendan S. Lanham
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Francisco Martínez‐Baena
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
- The Nature Conservancy Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Katherine A. Dafforn
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Paul E. Gribben
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Melanie J. Bishop
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
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11
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Arfianti T, Costello MJ. The distribution of benthic amphipod crustaceans in Indonesian seas. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12054. [PMID: 34540368 PMCID: PMC8411938 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphipod crustaceans are an essential component of tropical marine biodiversity. However, their distribution and biogeography have not been analysed in one of the world’s largest tropical countries nested in the Coral Triangle, Indonesia. We collected and identified amphipod crustaceans from eight sites in Indonesian waters and combined the results with data from 32 additional sites in the literature. We analysed the geographic distribution of 147 benthic amphipod crustaceans using cluster analysis and the ‘Bioregions Infomaps’ neural network method of biogeographic discrimination. We found five groups of benthic amphipod crustaceans which show relationships with sampling methods, depth, and substrata. Neural network biogeographic analysis indicated there was only one biogeographic region that matched with the global amphipod regions and marine biogeographic realms defined for all marine taxa. There was no support for Wallaces or other lines being marine biogeographic boundaries in the region. Species richness was lower than expected considering the region is within the Coral Triangle. We hypothesise that this low richness might be due to the intense fish predation which may have limited amphipod diversification. The results indicated that habitat rather than biogeography determines amphipod distribution in Indonesia. Therefore, future research needs to sample more habitats, and consider habitat in conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri Arfianti
- Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Mark John Costello
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Faculty of Bioscience and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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12
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Freestone AL, Torchin ME, Jurgens LJ, Bonfim M, López DP, Repetto MF, Schlöder C, Sewall BJ, Ruiz GM. Stronger predation intensity and impact on prey communities in the tropics. Ecology 2021; 102:e03428. [PMID: 34105781 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that biotic interactions strengthen toward lower latitudes provides a framework for linking community-scale processes with the macroecological scales that define our biosphere. Despite the importance of this hypothesis for understanding community assembly and ecosystem functioning, the extent to which interaction strength varies across latitude and the effects of this variation on natural communities remain unresolved. Predation in particular is central to ecological and evolutionary dynamics across the globe, yet very few studies explore both community-scale causes and outcomes of predation across latitude. Here we expand beyond prior studies to examine two important components of predation strength: intensity of predation (including multiple dimensions of the predator guild) and impact on prey community biomass and structure, providing one of the most comprehensive examinations of predator-prey interactions across latitude. Using standardized experiments, we tested the hypothesis that predation intensity and impact on prey communities were stronger at lower latitudes. We further assessed prey recruitment to evaluate the potential for this process to mediate predation effects. We used sessile marine invertebrate communities and their fish predators in nearshore environments as a model system, with experiments conducted at 12 sites in four regions spanning the tropics to the subarctic. Our results show clear support for an increase in both predation intensity and impact at lower relative to higher latitudes. The predator guild was more diverse at low latitudes, with higher predation rates, longer interaction durations, and larger predator body sizes, suggesting stronger predation intensity in the tropics. Predation also reduced prey biomass and altered prey composition at low latitudes, with no effects at high latitudes. Although recruitment rates were up to three orders of magnitude higher in the tropics than the subarctic, prey replacement through this process was insufficient to dampen completely the strong impacts of predators in the tropics. Our study provides a novel perspective on the biotic interaction hypothesis, suggesting that multiple components of the predator community likely contribute to predation intensity at low latitudes, with important consequences for the structure of prey communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Freestone
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122, USA.,Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, 21037-0028, USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado, 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama
| | - Mark E Torchin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado, 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama
| | - Laura J Jurgens
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122, USA.,Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, 21037-0028, USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado, 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama
| | - Mariana Bonfim
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122, USA
| | - Diana P López
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122, USA
| | - Michele F Repetto
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122, USA
| | - Carmen Schlöder
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado, 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama
| | - Brent J Sewall
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122, USA
| | - Gregory M Ruiz
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, 21037-0028, USA
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13
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Leclerc JC, de Bettignies T, de Bettignies F, Christie H, Franco JN, Leroux C, Davoult D, Pedersen MF, Filbee-Dexter K, Wernberg T. Local flexibility in feeding behaviour and contrasting microhabitat use of an omnivore across latitudes. Oecologia 2021; 196:441-453. [PMID: 34009471 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
As the environment is getting warmer and species are redistributed, consumers can be forced to adjust their interactions with available prey, and this could have cascading effects within food webs. To better understand the capacity for foraging flexibility, our study aimed to determine the diet variability of an ectotherm omnivore inhabiting kelp forests, the sea urchin Echinus esculentus, along its entire latitudinal distribution in the northeast Atlantic. Using a combination of gut content and stable isotope analyses, we determined the diet and trophic position of sea urchins at sites in Portugal (42° N), France (49° N), southern Norway (63° N), and northern Norway (70° N), and related these results to the local abundance and distribution of putative food items. With mean estimated trophic levels ranging from 2.4 to 4.6, omnivory and diet varied substantially within and between sites but not across latitudes. Diet composition generally reflected prey availability within epiphyte or understorey assemblages, with local affinities demonstrating that the sea urchin adjusts its foraging to match the small-scale distribution of food items. A net "preference" for epiphytic food sources was found in northern Norway, where understorey food was limited compared to other regions. We conclude that diet change may occur in response to food source redistribution at multiple spatial scales (microhabitats, sites, regions). Across these scales, the way that key consumers alter their foraging in response to food availability can have important implication for food web dynamics and ecosystem functions along current and future environmental gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Charles Leclerc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France. .,Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Thibaut de Bettignies
- UMS Patrimoine Naturel (PATRINAT), AFB-CNRS-MNHN, CP41, 36 rue Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 75005, Paris, France.,School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 39 Fairway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Florian de Bettignies
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Hartvig Christie
- Marine Biology Section, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - João N Franco
- CIIMAR, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões. Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.,MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Cédric Leroux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR 2424, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Dominique Davoult
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Morten F Pedersen
- Department for Science and Environment (DSE), Roskilde University, PO Box 260, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Karen Filbee-Dexter
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 39 Fairway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Benthic Communities Research Group, Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 39 Fairway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department for Science and Environment (DSE), Roskilde University, PO Box 260, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.,Benthic Communities Research Group, Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
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