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Tussipkan D, Manabayeva SA. Employing CRISPR/Cas Technology for the Improvement of Potato and Other Tuber Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:747476. [PMID: 34764969 PMCID: PMC8576567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.747476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
New breeding technologies have not only revolutionized biological science, but have also been employed to generate transgene-free products. Genome editing is a powerful technology that has been used to modify genomes of several important crops. This review describes the basic mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages of genome editing systems, such as ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas. Secondly, we summarize in detail all studies of the CRISPR/Cas system applied to potato and other tuber crops, such as sweet potato, cassava, yam, and carrot. Genes associated with self-incompatibility, abiotic-biotic resistance, nutrient-antinutrient content, and post-harvest factors targeted utilizing the CRISPR/Cas system are analyzed in this review. We hope that this review provides fundamental information that will be useful for future breeding of tuber crops to develop novel cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuga A. Manabayeva
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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Amaranth proteins emulsions as delivery system of Angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Xu M, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Yin H, Peng X, Cheng Z, Yang Z, Zheng J. Production of Marker-free Transgenic Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) with Improved Nutritive Quality Expressing AmA1. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 15:102-110. [PMID: 29845057 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Rice seed proteins are lacking essential amino acids (EAAs). Genetic engineering offers a fast and sustainable method to solve this problem as it allows the specific expression of heterologous EAA-rich proteins. The use of selectable marker gene is essential for generation of transgenic crops, but might also lead to potential environmental and food safety problems. Therefore, the production of marker-free transgenic crops is becoming an extremely attractive alternative and could contribute to the public acceptance of transgenic crops. Objectives: The present study was conducted to examine whether AmA1 can be expressed specifically in rice seeds, and generate marker-free transgenic rice with improved nutritive value. Materials and Methods:AmA1 was transferred into rice using Agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation system with a twin T-DNA binary vector and its integration in rice genome was confirmed by southern blot. Transcription of AmA1 was analyzed by Real-Time PCR and its expression was verified by western analysis. Protein and amino acid content were measured by the Kjeldahl method and the high-speed amino acid analyzer, respectively. Results: Five selectable marker-free homozygous transgenic lines were obtained from the progeny. The expression of recombinant AmA1 was confirmed by the observation of a 35 kDa band in SDS-PAGE and western blot. Compared to the wild-type control, the total protein contents in the seeds of five homozygous lines were increased by 1.06~12.87%. In addition, the content of several EAAs, including lysine, threonine, and valine was increased significantly in the best expressing line. Conclusions: The results indicated that the amino acid composition of rice grain could be improved by seed-specific expression of AmA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Yuwen Zhang
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Hengjie Yin
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xuejuan Peng
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Zuxin Cheng
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jingui Zheng
- Crop Quality Institute, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
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Manzano S, Megías Z, Martínez C, García A, Aguado E, Chileh T, López-Alonso D, García-Maroto F, Kejnovský E, Široký J, Kubát Z, Králová T, Vyskot B, Jamilena M. Overexpression of a flower-specific aerolysin-like protein from the dioecious plant Rumex acetosa alters flower development and induces male sterility in transgenic tobacco. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:58-72. [PMID: 27599169 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sex determination in Rumex acetosa, a dioecious plant with a complex XY1 Y2 sex chromosome system (females are XX and males are XY1 Y2 ), is not controlled by an active Y chromosome but depends on the ratio between the number of X chromosomes and autosomes. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of sex determination, we generated a subtracted cDNA library enriched in genes specifically or predominantly expressed in female floral buds in early stages of development, when sex determination mechanisms come into play. In the present paper, we report the molecular and functional characterization of FEM32, a gene encoding a protein that shares a common architecture with proteins in different plants, animals, bacteria and fungi of the aerolysin superfamily; many of these function as β pore-forming toxins. The expression analysis, assessed by northern blot, RT-PCR and in situ hybridization, demonstrates that this gene is specifically expressed in flowers in both early and late stages of development, although its transcripts accumulate much more in female flowers than in male flowers. The ectopic expression of FEM32 under both the constitutive promoter 35S and the flower-specific promoter AP3 in transgenic tobacco showed no obvious alteration in vegetative development but was able to alter floral organ growth and pollen fertility. The 35S::FEM32 and AP3::FEM32 transgenic lines showed a reduction in stamen development and pollen viability, as well as a diminution in fruit set, fruit development and seed production. Compared with other floral organs, pistil development was, however, enhanced in plants overexpressing FEM32. According to these effects, it is likely that FEM32 functions in Rumex by arresting stamen and pollen development during female flower development. The aerolysin-like pore-forming proteins of eukaryotes are mainly involved in defence mechanisms against bacteria, fungi and insects and are also involved in apoptosis and programmed cell death (PCD), a mechanism that could explain the role of FEM32 in Rumex sex determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Manzano
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Zoraida Megías
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Cecilia Martínez
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Alicia García
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Encarnación Aguado
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Tarik Chileh
- Grupo de investigación 'Biotecnología de productos naturales', BITAL, CeiA3, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Diego López-Alonso
- Grupo de investigación 'Biotecnología de productos naturales', BITAL, CeiA3, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Federico García-Maroto
- Grupo de investigación 'Biotecnología de productos naturales', BITAL, CeiA3, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Eduard Kejnovský
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Široký
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kubát
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Králová
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Boris Vyskot
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Jamilena
- Grupo de investigación 'Genética de hortícolas' (BIO293), Centro de Investigación en Biotencología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
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Kamthan A, Chaudhuri A, Kamthan M, Datta A. Genetically modified (GM) crops: milestones and new advances in crop improvement. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:1639-55. [PMID: 27381849 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-016-2747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
New advances in crop genetic engineering can significantly pace up the development of genetically improved varieties with enhanced yield, nutrition and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Genetically modified (GM) crops can act as powerful complement to the crops produced by laborious and time consuming conventional breeding methods to meet the worldwide demand for quality foods. GM crops can help fight malnutrition due to enhanced yield, nutritional quality and increased resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, several biosafety issues and public concerns are associated with cultivation of GM crops developed by transgenesis, i.e., introduction of genes from distantly related organism. To meet these concerns, researchers have developed alternative concepts of cisgenesis and intragenesis which involve transformation of plants with genetic material derived from the species itself or from closely related species capable of sexual hybridization, respectively. Recombinase technology aimed at site-specific integration of transgene can help to overcome limitations of traditional genetic engineering methods based on random integration of multiple copy of transgene into plant genome leading to gene silencing and unpredictable expression pattern. Besides, recently developed technology of genome editing using engineered nucleases, permit the modification or mutation of genes of interest without involving foreign DNA, and as a result, plants developed with this technology might be considered as non-transgenic genetically altered plants. This would open the doors for the development and commercialization of transgenic plants with superior phenotypes even in countries where GM crops are poorly accepted. This review is an attempt to summarize various past achievements of GM technology in crop improvement, recent progress and new advances in the field to develop improved varieties aimed for better consumer acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Kamthan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Abira Chaudhuri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Mohan Kamthan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Asis Datta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Shekhar S, Agrawal L, Mishra D, Buragohain AK, Unnikrishnan M, Mohan C, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Ectopic expression of amaranth seed storage albumin modulates photoassimilate transport and nutrient acquisition in sweetpotato. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25384. [PMID: 27147459 PMCID: PMC4857128 DOI: 10.1038/srep25384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Storage proteins in plants, because of high nutrient value, have been a subject of intensive investigation. These proteins are synthesized de novo in the cytoplasm and transported to the storage organelles where they serve as reservoir of energy and supplement of nitrogen during rapid growth and development. Sweetpotato is the seventh most important food crop worldwide, and has a significant contribution to the source of nutrition, albeit with low protein content. To determine the behaviour of seed storage proteins in non-native system, a seed albumin, AmA1, was overexpressed in sweetpotato with an additional aim of improving nutritional quality of tuber proteins. Introduction of AmA1 imparted an increase in protein and amino acid contents as well as the phytophenols. The proteometabolomics analysis revealed a rebalancing of the proteome, with no significant effects on the global metabolome profile of the transgenic tubers. Additionally, the slower degradation of starch and cellulose in transgenic tubers, led to increased post-harvest durability. Present study provides a new insight into the role of a seed storage protein in the modulation of photoassimilate movement and nutrient acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhendu Shekhar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Lalit Agrawal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Divya Mishra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | | | | | - Chokkappan Mohan
- Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
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Klubicová K, Szabová M, Skultety L, Libiaková G, Hricová A. Revealing the seed proteome of the health benefitting grain amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.). CHEMICAL PAPERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2016-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAmaranth, a staple food source in ancient Aztec, Maya and Inca cultures, has been recognized as a 21st century crop. This superfood, known as Inca wheat, attracts the worldwide attention of researchers and farmers for its superior agronomical and technological properties but especially because of its exceptional nutritive value. A combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) with MS facilitating the effective differentiation of 13 classes of
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Narula K, Pandey A, Gayali S, Chakraborty N, Chakraborty S. Birth of plant proteomics in India: a new horizon. J Proteomics 2015; 127:34-43. [PMID: 25920368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the post-genomic era, proteomics is acknowledged as the next frontier for biological research. Although India has a long and distinguished tradition in protein research, the initiation of proteomics studies was a new horizon. Protein research witnessed enormous progress in protein separation, high-resolution refinements, biochemical identification of the proteins, protein-protein interaction, and structure-function analysis. Plant proteomics research, in India, began its journey on investigation of the proteome profiling, complexity analysis, protein trafficking, and biochemical modeling. The research article by Bhushan et al. in 2006 marked the birth of the plant proteomics research in India. Since then plant proteomics studies expanded progressively and are now being carried out in various institutions spread across the country. The compilation presented here seeks to trace the history of development in the area during the past decade based on publications till date. In this review, we emphasize on outcomes of the field providing prospects on proteomic pathway analyses. Finally, we discuss the connotation of strategies and the potential that would provide the framework of plant proteome research. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The past decades have seen rapidly growing number of sequenced plant genomes and associated genomic resources. To keep pace with this increasing body of data, India is in the provisional phase of proteomics research to develop a comparative hub for plant proteomes and protein families, but it requires a strong impetus from intellectuals, entrepreneurs, and government agencies. Here, we aim to provide an overview of past, present and future of Indian plant proteomics, which would serve as an evaluation platform for those seeking to incorporate proteomics into their research programs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Narula
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Aarti Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Saurabh Gayali
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Silva RDC, Carmo LST, Luis ZG, Silva LP, Scherwinski-Pereira JE, Mehta A. Proteomic identification of differentially expressed proteins during the acquisition of somatic embryogenesis in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). J Proteomics 2014; 104:112-27. [PMID: 24675181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the present study we have identified and characterized the proteins expressed during different developmental stages of Elaeis guineensis calli obtained from zygotic embryos. We were interested in the possible proteomic changes that would occur during the acquisition of somatic embryogenesis and therefore samples were collected from zygotic embryos (E1), swollen explants 14days (E2) in induction medium, primary callus (E3), and pro-embryogenic callus (E4). The samples were grinded in liquid nitrogen, followed by total protein extraction using phenol and extraction buffer. Proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and the differentially expressed protein spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS and MS/MS). Interestingly, we have identified proteins, which can be used as potential candidates for future studies aiming at the development of biomarkers for embryogenesis acquisition and for the different stages leading to pro-embryogenic callus formation such as type IIIa membrane protein cp-wap13, fructokinase and PR proteins. The results obtained shed some light on the biochemical events involved in the process of somatic embryogenesis of E. guineensis obtained from zygotic embryos. The use of stage-specific protein markers can help monitor cell differentiation and contribute to improve the protocols for successfully cloning the species. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the fate and dynamics of cells and tissues during callus formation is essential to understand totipotency and the mechanisms involved during acquisition of somatic embryogenesis (SE). In this study we have investigated the early stages of somatic embryogenesis induction in oil palm and have identified potential markers as well as proteins potentially involved in embryogenic competence acquisition. The use of these proteins can help improve tissue culture protocols in order to increase regeneration rates. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Environmental and structural proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Carvalho Silva
- PPGBIOTEC, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, CEP 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Zanderluce Gomes Luis
- PPGBOT, Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasilia, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Luciano Paulino Silva
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Av. W5 Norte Final, CEP 70770-917, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Av. W5 Norte Final, CEP 70770-917, Brasília, DF, Brazil; PPGBOT, Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasilia, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Angela Mehta
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Av. W5 Norte Final, CEP 70770-917, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Agrawal L, Narula K, Basu S, Shekhar S, Ghosh S, Datta A, Chakraborty N, Chakraborty S. Comparative Proteomics Reveals a Role for Seed Storage Protein AmA1 in Cellular Growth, Development, and Nutrient Accumulation. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:4904-30. [DOI: 10.1021/pr4007987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Agrawal
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Kanika Narula
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Swaraj Basu
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shubhendu Shekhar
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sudip Ghosh
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Asis Datta
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- Laboratory 104 and ‡Laboratory 105, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna
Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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Goo YM, Kim TW, Lee MK, Lee SW. Accumulation of PrLeg, a Perilla legumin protein in potato tuber results in enhanced level of sulphur-containing amino acids. C R Biol 2013; 336:433-9. [PMID: 24161240 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Potato is the fourth staple food in the world, following rice, wheat, and maize, whereas tubers contain high quality of starch, relatively high amounts of vitamin C and many other important substances. It also contains relatively good quality of protein (about 3 to 6% of the dried weight) and patatin, and 11S globulin is a major storage protein with high level of lysine. However, tuber protein contains relatively low amounts of sulphur-containing amino acids, which may result in low nutritional value. Recently, we cloned a gene encoding PrLeg polypeptide, a seed storage protein from Perilla, which contains relatively higher levels of sulphur-containing amino acids. We transformed PrLeg cDNA into a potato plant to over-express under the direction of the tuber-specific promoter, patatin. Most of the transgenic lines identified through PCR and RT-PCR analyses were able to accumulate high amount of prLeg transcript in their tuber tissue, while very little or no transcript that were detected in their leaf tissues. The level of methionine content was elevated up to three-fold compared to non-transgenic parental line, without any significant changes in other amino acids, suggesting that further research is required to get a deeper insight into their nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Goo
- Sancheong Oriental Medicinal Herb Institute, Sancheong, Gyeongnam Province, South Korea
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Medina-Godoy S, Rodríguez-Yáñez SK, Bobadilla NA, Pérez-Villalva R, Valdez-Ortiz R, Hong E, Luna-Suárez S, Paredes-López O, Valdez-Ortiz A. Antihypertensive activity of AMC3, an engineered 11S amaranth globulin expressed in Escherichia coli, in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Rastogi A, Shukla S. Amaranth: A New Millennium Crop of Nutraceutical Values. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:109-25. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.517876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jha B, Singh NP, Mishra A. Proteome profiling of seed storage proteins reveals the nutritional potential of Salicornia brachiata Roxb., an extreme halophyte. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:4320-6. [PMID: 22494338 DOI: 10.1021/jf203632v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Salicornia brachiata is an extreme halophyte that grows in salty marshes and is considered to be a potential alternative crop for seawater agriculture. Salicornia seeds are rich in protein, and its tender shoots are eaten as salad greens. Seed storage proteins were fractionated by sequential extraction using different solvents, including distilled water for albumins, NaCl (1.0 M) for globulins, NaOH (0.1 N) for glutelins, and ethanol (70% v/v) for prolamins. Globulins accounted for 54.75% of the total seed storage proteins followed by albumins (34.30%) and glutelins (8.70%). The fractionated proteins were characterized using 2D-diagonal SDS-PAGE and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The globulin fraction, composed of seven intermolecular disulfide-linked polypeptide pairs of molecular mass 63.5, 62.5, 54.7, 53.0, 43.2, 38.5, and 35.1 kDa, encompassed a basic and an acidic subunit. Two-dimensional gels revealed approximately 32 spots, with isoelectric points and molecular masses ranging from 4.93 to 11.6 and from ∼5.2 to ∼109.4 kDa, respectively. Protein spots were identified by MALDI-TOF MS peptide mass fingerprint analysis and further classified. Homology analysis demonstrated that 19% of the proteins were involved in metabolism, 16% were involved in signaling, and 15% were regulatory proteins. Peptide mass fingerprint analysis confirmed the presence of inter- and intramolecular disulfide linkages in the globulin fraction. Sulfur-rich proteins are of high nutritional value, and disulfides make S. brachiata a potential source of dietary supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavanath Jha
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India.
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Novel Concepts About the Role of Lectins in the Plant Cell. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 705:271-94. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7877-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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17
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Abstract
Potato breeding programmes worldwide are undergoing a period of rapid change. In order to be successful, breeders must adapt and incorporate the newest up-to-date techniques as they become available. Recent advances in biotechnology make it possible to develop and cultivate more and more sophisticated transgenic crops with multiple modified traits. Gene transfer methods can be used for a wide range of fundamental studies, contributing to a better understanding of the mechanisms of plant/pathogen interactions and the metabolic pathways in plants. Transgenic potato plants are being generated worldwide to investigate the impact of transgene expression on parameters as complex as yield. Historically, potato was one of the first successfully transformed crop plants. Nowadays, transgenic potatoes have been introduced into the food chain of people and animals in several countries. Some of the genetic modifications give potato plants increased resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, while others lead to improved nutritional value, or cause the plants to produce proteins of the immune system of humans or animals or substances that may be used as vaccines in humans or veterinary medicine. The trend today is towards the generation of crops with output traits, e.g. modified starch or carotenoids, or the production of pharmaceuticals in tubers, whereas the early targets were input traits, e.g. herbicide resistance, pest or virus resistance. This review provides a summary of examples illustrating the versatility and applicability of transgenic biology in potato improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Z. Polgar
- 1 University of Pannonia Potato Research Centre, Centre of Agricultural Sciences Keszthely Hungary
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18
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Next-generation protein-rich potato expressing the seed protein gene AmA1 is a result of proteome rebalancing in transgenic tuber. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:17533-8. [PMID: 20855595 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1006265107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein deficiency is the most crucial factor that affects physical growth and development and that increases morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. Efforts have been made to improve protein quality and quantity in crop plants but with limited success. Here, we report the development of transgenic potatoes with enhanced nutritive value by tuber-specific expression of a seed protein, AmA1 (Amaranth Albumin 1), in seven genotypic backgrounds suitable for cultivation in different agro-climatic regions. Analyses of the transgenic tubers revealed up to 60% increase in total protein content. In addition, the concentrations of several essential amino acids were increased significantly in transgenic tubers, which are otherwise limited in potato. Moreover, the transgenics also exhibited enhanced photosynthetic activity with a concomitant increase in total biomass. These results are striking because this genetic manipulation also resulted in a moderate increase in tuber yield. The comparative protein profiling suggests that the proteome rebalancing might cause increased protein content in transgenic tubers. Furthermore, the data on field performance and safety evaluation indicate that the transgenic potatoes are suitable for commercial cultivation. In vitro and in vivo studies on experimental animals demonstrate that the transgenic tubers are also safe for human consumption. Altogether, these results emphasize that the expression of AmA1 is a potential strategy for the nutritional improvement of food crops.
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19
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Prakash D, Pal M. Chenopodium: seed protein, fractionation and amino acid composition. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09637489809089398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Prakash D, Pal M. Chenopodium quinoa: changes in amino acid composition in seed during maturity. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09637489809089400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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21
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Tamás C, Kisgyörgy BN, Rakszegi M, Wilkinson MD, Yang MS, Láng L, Tamás L, Bedo Z. Transgenic approach to improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) nutritional quality. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2009; 28:1085-94. [PMID: 19466426 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-009-0716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
An amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) albumin gene, encoding the 35-kDa AmA1 protein of the seed, with a high content of essential amino acids, was used in the biolistic transformation of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Cadenza. The transformation cassette carried the ama1 gene under the control of a powerful wheat endosperm-specific promoter (1Bx17 HMW-GS). Southern-blot analysis of T(1) lines confirmed the integration of the foreign gene, while RT-PCR and Western-blot analyses of the samples confirmed the transcription and translation of the transgene. The effects of the extra albumin protein on the properties of flour, produced from bulked T(2) seeds, were calculated using total protein and essential amino acid content analysis, polymeric/monomeric protein and HMW/LMW glutenin subunit ratio measurements. The results indicated that not only can essential amino acid content be increased, but some parameters associated with functional quality may also be improved because of the expression of the AmA1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Tamás
- Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
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22
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Genetic Engineering of Seed Storage Proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1755-0408(07)01005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
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23
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Stupak M, Vanderschuren H, Gruissem W, Zhang P. Biotechnological approaches to cassava protein improvement. Trends Food Sci Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2006.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Puthoff DP, Sardesai N, Subramanyam S, Nemacheck JA, Williams CE. Hfr-2, a wheat cytolytic toxin-like gene, is up-regulated by virulent Hessian fly larval feedingdouble dagger. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2005; 6:411-423. [PMID: 20565667 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2005.00289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY Both yield and grain-quality are dramatically decreased when susceptible wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants are infested by Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae. Examination of the changes in wheat gene expression during infestation by virulent Hessian fly larvae has identified the up-regulation of a gene, Hessian fly responsive-2 (Hfr-2), which contains regions similar to genes encoding seed-specific agglutinin proteins from Amaranthus. Hfr-2, however, did not accumulate in developing seeds, as do other wheat seed storage proteins. Additionally, a separate region of the HFR-2 predicted amino acid sequence is similar to haemolytic proteins, from both mushroom and bacteria, that are able to form pores in cell membranes of mammalian red blood cells. The involvement of Hfr-2 in interactions with insects was supported by experiments demonstrating its up-regulation by both fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) infestations but not by virus infection. Examination of wheat defence response pathways showed Hfr-2 up-regulation following methyl jasmonate treatment and only slight up-regulation in response to salicylic acid, abscisic acid and wounding treatments. Like related proteins, HFR-2 may normally function in defence against certain insects or pathogens. However, we propose that as virulent Hessian fly larvae manipulate the physiology of the susceptible host, the HFR-2 protein inserts in plant cell membranes at the feeding sites and by forming pores provides water, ions and other small nutritive molecules to the developing larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Puthoff
- USDA-ARS Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Van Damme EJM, Barre A, Rougé P, Peumans WJ. Cytoplasmic/nuclear plant lectins: a new story. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2004; 9:484-9. [PMID: 15465683 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2004.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Els J M Van Damme
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Tyagi AK, Khurana JP. Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research in the post-recombinant DNA era. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2003; 84:91-121. [PMID: 12934934 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-36488-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
After the beginning of the recombinant DNA era in the mid-1970s, researchers in India started to make use of the new technology to understand the structure of plant genes and regulation of their expression. The outcome started to appear in print in early the 1980s and genes for histones, tubulin, photosynthetic membrane proteins, phototransduction components, organelles and those regulated differentially by developmental and extrinsic signals were sequenced and characterized. Some genes of biotechnological importance like those encoding an interesting seed protein and the enzyme glyoxalase were also isolated. While work on the characterization of genome structure and organization was started quite early, it remained largely focused on the identification of DNA markers and genetic variability. In this context, the work on mustard, rice and wheat is worth mentioning. In the year 2000, India became a member of the international consortium to sequence entire rice genome. Several laboratories have also given attention to regulated expression of plastid and nuclear genes as well as to isolate target-specific promoters or design promoters with improved potential. Simultaneously, transgenic systems for crops like mustard, rice, wheat, cotton, legumes and several vegetables have been established. More recently, genes of agronomic importance like those for insect resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, nutritional improvement and male sterility, isolated in India or abroad, have been utilized for raising transgenics for crop improvement. Some of these transgenics have already shown their potential in containment facility or limited field trials conducted under the stipulated guidelines. Plant molecular biology and biotechnology are thus clearly poised to make an impact on research in basic biology and agriculture in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh K Tyagi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
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27
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Mahajan A, Dua S. Salts and pH Induced Changes in Functional Properties of Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolorL.) Seed Meal. Cereal Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem.2002.79.6.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mahajan
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - S. Dua
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
- Corresponding author. E-mail: : 91-0172-601000
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28
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Telang A, Buck NA, Wheeler DE. Response of storage protein levels to variation in dietary protein levels. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2002; 48:1021-1029. [PMID: 12770025 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1910(02)00190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Storage proteins have been found to play a major role in insect metamorphosis and egg production and are accumulated during the actively feeding larval stage. Yet few studies have focused on how nutrition affects storage protein levels. Three storage proteins were identified in male and female Heliothis virescens pupae, one arylphorin and two putative high-methionine hexamers. Storage proteins were quantified in early pupae and in pharate adults. Storage protein levels peaked in 48-h pupae and were more abundant in females across all stages. Both male and female pharate adults retained a portion of total storage protein levels and females retained greater levels overall. In females, post-eclosion protein reserves will likely be used toward egg manufacturing, while the role of protein reserves in males remains speculative. In our previous study of H. virescens larvae, we found that protein-derived growth in females progressively increased as dietary protein levels increased. Our present data show that levels of storage protein also increased progressively along with dietary protein levels. This suggests that females allocated protein, in excess of adult tissue formation needs, toward storage protein. Our study is the first to demonstrate how responsive storage protein levels can be in face of varying levels of dietary protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Telang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Insect Science, University of Arizona, 410 Forbes Building, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA
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29
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Chakraborty S, Sarmah B, Chakraborty N, Datta A. Premature termination of RNA polymerase II mediated transcription of a seed protein gene in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Nucleic Acids Res 2002; 30:2940-9. [PMID: 12087180 PMCID: PMC117036 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkf334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The poly(A) signal and downstream elements with transcriptional pausing activity play an important role in termination of RNA polymerase II transcription. We show that an intronic sequence derived from the plant seed protein gene (AmA1) specifically acts as a transcriptional terminator in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The 3'-end points of mRNA encoded by the AmA1 gene were mapped at different positions in S.pombe and in native cells of Amaranthus hypochondriacus. Deletion analyses of the AmA1 intronic sequence revealed that multiple elements essential for proper transcriptional termination in S.pombe include two site-determining elements (SDEs) and three downstream sequence elements. RT-PCR analyses detected transcripts up to the second SDE. This is the first report showing that the highly conserved mammalian poly(A) signal, AAUAAA, is also functional in S.pombe. The poly(A) site was determined as Y(A) both in native and heterologous systems but at different positions. Deletion of these cis-elements abolished 3'-end processing in S.pombe and a single point mutation in this motif reduced the activity by 70% while enhancing activity at downstream SDE. These results indicate that the bipartite sequence elements as signals for 3'-end processing in fission yeast act in tandem with other cis-acting elements. A comparison of these elements in the AmA1 intron that function as a transcriptional terminator in fission yeast with that of its native genes showed that both require an AT-rich distal and proximal upstream element. However, these sequences are not identical. Transcription run-on analysis indicates that elongating RNA polymerase II molecules accumulate over these pause signals, maximal at 611-949 nt. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the AmA1 intronic terminator sequence acts in a position-independent manner when placed within another gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhra Chakraborty
- National Center for Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi 110067, India
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30
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Sarmah B, Chakraborty N, Chakraborty S, Datta A. Plant pre-mRNA splicing in fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 293:1209-16. [PMID: 12054504 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00364-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing or the removal of introns from precursor messenger RNAs depends on the accurate recognition of intron sequences by the splicing machinery. We have analyzed various aspects of intron sequence and structure in relation to splice site selection and splicing efficiency of a plant gene AmA1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Earlier, we reported the cloning of AmA1, a seed albumin gene from Amaranthus hypochondriacus [A. Raina, A. Datta, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 (1992) 11774]. In the absence of an in vitro splicing system for plants, the expression of AmA1 genomic clone in S. pombe has been used to analyze splicing of intron constructs. We aim to focus on S. pombe as a possible alternative and examined its effectiveness as a host for plant gene splicing. The results show here that pre-mRNA transcripts of AmA1 gene underwent splicing in S. pombe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskarjyoti Sarmah
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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31
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Azam M, Kesarwani M, Natarajan K, Datta A. A secretion signal is present in the Collybia velutipes oxalate decarboxylase gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 289:807-12. [PMID: 11735117 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The oxalate decarboxylase (OXDC) gene from Collybia velutipes is overexpressed as an active form in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The recombinant enzyme shows similar pH optima and stability, while substrate kinetic analysis shows a ninefold decrease in K(m) value with respect to native OXDC. Most of the expressed protein was present in periplasm and remained firmly bound to cell-wall materials. However, 20% of enzyme expressed was secreted out into the medium suggesting the presence of a secretion signal (C. velutipes) in the oxalate decarboxylase gene. This secretion signal is associated with the N-terminal of OXDC as is evident by secretion of nonsecretory genes AmA1 and beta-galactosidase. An expression vector using this signal is constructed for expression and secretion of heterologous proteins in S. pombe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Azam
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067, India
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32
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Kim TG, Kim J, Kim DH, Yang MS. Expression of nutritionally well-balanced protein, AmA1, inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02932546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hernández P, Debray H, Jaekel H, Garfias Y, Jiménez Md MDC, Martínez-Cairo S, Zenteno E. Chemical characterization of the lectin from Amaranthus leucocarpus syn. hypocondriacus by 2-D proteome analysis. Glycoconj J 2001; 18:321-9. [PMID: 11788800 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013760915738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we characterized chemically the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine specific lectin from Amaranthus leucocarpus syn hypocondriacus lectin (ALL). It is a dimeric glycoprotein composed by three isoforms with pl at 4.8, 4.9, and 5.2. Circular dichroism analysis indicated that the secondary structure of ALL contains 45% of \bibeta-sheet and 5% of \bialpha-helix. Amino acid sequence of the purified lectin and its isoforms was determined from peptides obtained after trypsin digestion by MALDI-TOF (Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight). The tryptic peptides prepared from the purified lectin and the three isoforms showed different degrees (80 to 83%) of identity with the amino acid sequence belonging to a previously described high nutritional value protein from A. hypocondriacus not shown at the time to be a lectin. Furthermore, analysis of tryptic peptides obtained from ALL previously treated with peptide N-glycosidase, revealed a 93% identity with the aforementioned protein. Presence of N-glycosidically linked glycans of the oligomannosidic type and, in minor proportion, of the N-acetyllactosaminic type glycans was determined by affinity chromatography on immobilized Con A.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Tlalpan D.F., 14080, México
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Ghose TK, Bisaria VS. Development of biotechnology in India. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 69:87-124. [PMID: 11036692 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-44964-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
India has embarked upon a very ambitious program in biotechnology with a view to harnessing its available human and unlimited biodiversity resources. It has mainly been a government sponsored effort with very little private industry participation in investment. The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) established under the Ministry of Science and Technology in 1986 was the major instrument of action to bring together most talents, material resources, and budgetary provisions. It began sponsoring research in molecular biology, agricultural and medical sciences, plant and animal tissue culture, biofertilizers and biopesticides, environment, human genetics, microbial technology, and bioprocess engineering, etc. The establishment of a number of world class bioscience research institutes and provision of large research grants to some existing universities helped in developing specialized centres of biotechnology. Besides DBT, the Department of Science & Technology (DST), also under the Ministry of S&T, sponsors research at universities working in the basic areas of life sciences. Ministry of Education's most pioneering effort was instrumental in the creation of Biochemical Engineering Research Centre at IIT Delhi with substantial assistance from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland to make available state-of-the-art infrastructure for education, training, and research in biochemical engineering and biotechnology in 1974. This initiative catalysed biotechnology training and research at many institutions a few years later. With a brief introduction, the major thrust areas of biotechnology development in India have been reviewed in this India Paper which include education and training, agricultural biotechnology, biofertilizers and biopesticides, tissue culture for tree and woody species, medicinal and aromatic plants, biodiversity conservation and environment, vaccine development, animal, aquaculture, seri and food biotechnology, microbial technology, industrial biotechnology, biochemical engineering and associated activities such as creation of biotechnology information system and national repositories. Current status of intellectual property rights has also been discussed. Contribution to the India's advances in biotechnology by the industry, excepting a limited few, has been far below expectations. The review concludes with some cautious notes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Ghose
- Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
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35
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Peumans WJ, Van Damme EJ, Barre A, Rougé P. Classification of plant lectins in families of structurally and evolutionary related proteins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2001; 491:27-54. [PMID: 14533788 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1267-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The majority of plant lectins can be classified in seven families of structurally and evolutionary related proteins. Within a given lectin family most but not necessarily all members are built up of protomers with a similar primary structure and overall 3-D fold. The overall structure of the native lectins is not only determined by the structure of the protomers but depends also on the degree of oligomerization and in some cases on the post-translational processing of the lectin precursors. In general, lectin families are fairly homogeneous for what concerns the overall specificity of the individual lectins, which illustrates that the 3-D structure of the binding site has been conserved during evolution. In the case of the jacalin-related lectins the occurrence of a mannose- and galactose-binding subfamily can be explained by the fact that a post-translational cleavage of the protomers (of the galactose-binding subfamily) yields a slightly altered binding site. Unlike the other families, the legume lectins display a wide range of specificites, which is clearly reflected in the occurrence of sugar-binding sites with a different 3-D structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Peumans
- Laboratory for Phytopathology and Plant Protection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Giri CC, Vijaya Laxmi G. Production of transgenic rice with agronomically useful genes: an assessment. Biotechnol Adv 2000; 18:653-83. [PMID: 14538093 DOI: 10.1016/s0734-9750(00)00053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rice is the most important food crop in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Yield enhancement to increase rice production is one of the essential strategies to meet the demand for food of the growing population. Both abiotic and biotic features limit adversely the productivity of rice growing areas. Conventional breeding has been an effective means for developing high yielding varieties, however; it is associated with its own limitations. It is envisaged that recent trends in biotechnology can contribute to the agronomic improvement of rice in terms of yield and nutritional quality as a supplement to traditional breeding methods. Genetic transformation of rice has demonstrated numerous important opportunities resulting in the genetic improvement of existing elite rice varieties and production of new plant types. Significant advances have been made in the genetic engineering of rice since the first transgenic rice plant production in the late 1980s. Several gene transfer protocols have been employed successfully for the introduction of foreign genes to rice. In more than 60 rice cultivars belonging to indica, japonica, javanica, and elite African cultivars, the protocol has been standardized for transgenic rice production. Selection and use of appropriate promoters, selectable markers, and reporter genes has been helpful for development of efficient protocols for transgenic rice in a number of rice cultivars. The present review is an attempt to assess the current state of development in transgenic rice for the transfer of agronomically useful genes, emphasizing the application and future prospects of transgenic rice production for the genetic improvement of this food crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Giri
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, AP, India.
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Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N, Datta A. Increased nutritive value of transgenic potato by expressing a nonallergenic seed albumin gene from Amaranthus hypochondriacus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:3724-9. [PMID: 10716698 PMCID: PMC16307 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement of nutritive value of crop plants, in particular the amino acid composition, has been a major long-term goal of plant breeding programs. Toward this end, we reported earlier the cloning of the seed albumin gene AmA1 from Amaranthus hypochondriacus. The AmA1 protein is nonallergenic in nature and is rich in all essential amino acids, and the composition corresponds well with the World Health Organization standards for optimal human nutrition. In an attempt to improve the nutritional value of potato, the AmA1 coding sequence was successfully introduced and expressed in tuber-specific and constitutive manner. There was a striking increase in the growth and production of tubers in transgenic populations and also of the total protein content with an increase in most essential amino acids. The expressed protein was localized in the cytoplasm as well as in the vacuole of transgenic tubers. Thus we have been able to use a seed albumin gene with a well-balanced amino acid composition as a donor protein to develop a transgenic crop plant. The results document, in addition to successful nutritional improvement of potato tubers, the feasibility of genetically modifying other crop plants with novel seed protein composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chakraborty
- National Center for Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus and School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Increased nutritive value of transgenic potato by expressing a nonallergenic seed albumin gene from Amaranthus hypochondriacus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000. [PMID: 10716698 PMCID: PMC16307 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.050012697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement of nutritive value of crop plants, in particular the amino acid composition, has been a major long-term goal of plant breeding programs. Toward this end, we reported earlier the cloning of the seed albumin gene AmA1 from Amaranthus hypochondriacus. The AmA1 protein is nonallergenic in nature and is rich in all essential amino acids, and the composition corresponds well with the World Health Organization standards for optimal human nutrition. In an attempt to improve the nutritional value of potato, the AmA1 coding sequence was successfully introduced and expressed in tuber-specific and constitutive manner. There was a striking increase in the growth and production of tubers in transgenic populations and also of the total protein content with an increase in most essential amino acids. The expressed protein was localized in the cytoplasm as well as in the vacuole of transgenic tubers. Thus we have been able to use a seed albumin gene with a well-balanced amino acid composition as a donor protein to develop a transgenic crop plant. The results document, in addition to successful nutritional improvement of potato tubers, the feasibility of genetically modifying other crop plants with novel seed protein composition.
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Radovic RS, Maksimovic RV, Brkljacic MJ, Varkonji Gasic IE, Savic PA. 2S albumin from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum moench) seeds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 1999; 47:1467-1470. [PMID: 10564000 DOI: 10.1021/jf980778s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose density gradient centrifugation showed that approximately 30% of total buckwheat proteins migrated with a 2S sedimentation coefficient. The main part of that fraction, polypeptides in the range of molecular mass from 8 to 16 kDa, were water soluble and represented albumins. SDS-PAGE analysis in nonreducing and reducing conditions showed that these polypeptides were not linked by disulfide bonds. The albumins make 25% of total salt soluble proteins, but that content is dramatically reduced under S-deficiency conditions. Determination of amino acid composition showed high methionine (9.2%) and lysine (5.6%) contents. That characteristic offers the possibility of transfer of the genes for individual albumin polypeptides to legumes and cereals limited in those essential amino acids to improve their nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Radovic
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Yugoslavia
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Vasco-Méndez NL, Soriano-García M, Moreno A, Castellanos-Molina R, Paredes-López O. Purification, crystallization, and preliminary X-ray characterization of a 36 kDa amaranth globulin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 1999; 47:862-866. [PMID: 10552382 DOI: 10.1021/jf9809131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to purify, crystallize, and characterize by X-ray diffraction an amaranth globulin for its subsequent structure elucidation. A 36-kDa amaranth globulin was extracted by sequential precipitation and purified by gel filtration and cationic exchange columns. It was crystallized at 18 degrees C from 4 M sodium formate. Suitable crystals for X-ray analysis were found to belong to the tetragonal crystal system with cell dimensions of a = b = 195.5 A and c = 164.14 A. Two possible tetragonal space groups P4(1)2(1)2 or P4(3)2(1)2 were determined. The crystals diffracted up to 2.5 A.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Vasco-Méndez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Zacatenco, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico, D.F., Departamento de
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Transue TR, Smith AK, Mo H, Goldstein IJ, Saper MA. Structure of benzyl T-antigen disaccharide bound to Amaranthus caudatus agglutinin. NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 1997; 4:779-83. [PMID: 9334739 DOI: 10.1038/nsb1097-779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Amaranthus caudatus agglutinin contains a novel arrangement of four beta-trefoil domains. The sugar-binding site provides specificity for the carcinoma-associated T-antigen disaccharide even when 'masked' by other sugars.
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Rout MK, Chrungoo K, Rao KS. Amino acid sequence of the basic subunit of 13S globulin of buckwheat. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 1997; 45:865-7. [PMID: 9214774 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(97)00051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A 26 kDa basic subunit of 13S globulin has been purified from grains of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). The amino acid composition of the protein closely matches the W.H.O. recommended values for a nutritionally balanced protein. The sequence of 17 N terminal amino acid residues of the protein revealed 73.3 and 66.7% homology with soya bean glycinin and pea legumin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Rout
- Department of Botany, NE Hill University, Shillong, India
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Peumans WJ, Winter HC, Bemer V, Van Leuven F, Goldstein IJ, Truffa-Bachi P, Van Damme EJ. Isolation of a novel plant lectin with an unusual specificity from Calystegia sepium. Glycoconj J 1997; 14:259-65. [PMID: 9111143 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018502107707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel plant lectin has been isolated from the rhizomes of Calystegia sepium (hedge bindweed) and partially characterized. The lectin is a dimeric protein composed of two identical non-covalently linked subunits of 16 kDa. Hapten inhibition studies indicate that the novel lectin is best inhibited by maltose and mannose and hence exhibits a sugar binding specificity that differs in some respects from that of all previously isolated plant lectins. Mitogenicity tests have shown that the Calystegia lectin is a powerful T-cell mitogen. Affinity purification of human, plant and fungal glycoproteins on immobilized C. sepium lectin demonstrates that this novel lectin can be used for the isolation of glycoconjugates from various sources. Moreover, it can be expected that by virtue of its distinct specificity, the new lectin will become an important tool in glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Peumans
- Laboratory for Phytopathology and Plant Protection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
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Van Damme EJ, Barre A, Verhaert P, Rougé P, Peumans WJ. Molecular cloning of the mitogenic mannose/maltose-specific rhizome lectin from Calystegia sepium. FEBS Lett 1996; 397:352-6. [PMID: 8955378 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(96)01211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
cDNA clones encoding the mitogenic mannose/maltose-specific lectin from the rhizomes of hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium) have been isolated and sequenced. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence and the molecular weight of the lectin subunit as determined by mass spectrometry indicated that the mature protein comprises the entire open reading frame of the cDNA, which implies that the primary translation product contains no signal peptide and is not proteolytically processed. Searches in the databases revealed sequence homology with the previously described lectins from the taxonomically unrelated Moraceae species Artocarpus integrifolia and Maclura pomifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Van Damme
- Laboratorium voor Fytopathologie en Plantenbescherming, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
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