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Chen G, Wang Y, Zheng Z, Jiang W, Leppert A, Zhong X, Belorusova A, Siegal G, Jegerschöld C, Koeck PJB, Abelein A, Hebert H, Knight SD, Johansson J. Molecular basis for different substrate-binding sites and chaperone functions of the BRICHOS domain. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5063. [PMID: 38864729 PMCID: PMC11168071 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Proteins can misfold into fibrillar or amorphous aggregates and molecular chaperones act as crucial guardians against these undesirable processes. The BRICHOS chaperone domain, found in several otherwise unrelated proproteins that contain amyloidogenic regions, effectively inhibits amyloid formation and toxicity but can in some cases also prevent non-fibrillar, amorphous protein aggregation. Here, we elucidate the molecular basis behind the multifaceted chaperone activities of the BRICHOS domain from the Bri2 proprotein. High-confidence AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAFold predictions suggest that the intramolecular amyloidogenic region (Bri23) is part of the hydrophobic core of the proprotein, where it occupies the proposed amyloid binding site, explaining the markedly reduced ability of the proprotein to prevent an exogenous amyloidogenic peptide from aggregating. However, the BRICHOS-Bri23 complex maintains its ability to form large polydisperse oligomers that prevent amorphous protein aggregation. A cryo-EM-derived model of the Bri2 BRICHOS oligomer is compatible with surface-exposed hydrophobic motifs that get exposed and come together during oligomerization, explaining its effects against amorphous aggregation. These findings provide a molecular basis for the BRICHOS chaperone domain function, where distinct surfaces are employed against different forms of protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gefei Chen
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Zihan Zheng
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of PharmacologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wangshu Jiang
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Axel Leppert
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Present address:
Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
| | - Xueying Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyHuddingeSweden
| | | | | | - Caroline Jegerschöld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyHuddingeSweden
| | - Philip J. B. Koeck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyHuddingeSweden
| | - Axel Abelein
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Hans Hebert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyHuddingeSweden
| | - Stefan D. Knight
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Jan Johansson
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
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2
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Sawazaki T, Sasaki D, Sohma Y. Catalysis driven by an amyloid-substrate complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314704121. [PMID: 38691589 PMCID: PMC11087796 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314704121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Amine modification through nucleophilic attack of the amine functionality is a very common chemical transformation. Under biorelevant conditions using acidic-to-neutral pH buffer, however, the nucleophilic reaction of alkyl amines (pKa ≈ 10) is not facile due to the generation of ammonium ions lacking nucleophilicity. Here, we disclose a unique molecular transformation system, catalysis driven by amyloid-substrate complex (CASL), that promotes amine modifications in acidic buffer. Ammonium ions attached to molecules with amyloid-binding capability were activated through deprotonation due to the close proximity to the amyloid catalyst formed by Ac-Asn-Phe-Gly-Ala-Ile-Leu-NH2 (NL6), derived from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Under the CASL conditions, alkyl amines underwent various modifications, i.e., acylation, arylation, cyclization, and alkylation, in acidic buffer. Crystallographic analysis and chemical modification studies of the amyloid catalysts suggested that the carbonyl oxygen of the Phe-Gly amide bond of NL6 plays a key role in activating the substrate amine by forming a hydrogen bond. Using CASL, selective conversion of substrates possessing equivalently reactive amine functionalities was achieved in catalytic reactions using amyloids. CASL provides a unique method for applying nucleophilic conversion reactions of amines in diverse fields of chemistry and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taka Sawazaki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama640-8156, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama640-8156, Japan
| | - Youhei Sohma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama640-8156, Japan
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3
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Huang F, Fan X, Wang Y, Zou Y, Lian J, Wang C, Ding F, Sun Y. Computational insights into the cross-talk between medin and Aβ: implications for age-related vascular risk factors in Alzheimer's disease. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbad526. [PMID: 38271485 PMCID: PMC10810335 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of medin forming aortic medial amyloid is linked to arterial wall degeneration and cerebrovascular dysfunction. Elevated levels of arteriolar medin are correlated with an increased presence of vascular amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia. The cross-interaction between medin and Aβ results in the formation of heterologous fibrils through co-aggregation and cross-seeding processes both in vitro and in vivo. However, a comprehensive molecular understanding of the cross-interaction between medin and Aβ-two intrinsically disordered proteins-is critically lacking. Here, we employed atomistic discrete molecular dynamics simulations to systematically investigate the self-association, co-aggregation and also the phenomenon of cross-seeding between these two proteins. Our results demonstrated that both Aβ and medin were aggregation prone and their mixture tended to form β-sheet-rich hetero-aggregates. The formation of Aβ-medin hetero-aggregates did not hinder Aβ and medin from recruiting additional Aβ and medin peptides to grow into larger β-sheet-rich aggregates. The β-barrel oligomer intermediates observed in the self-aggregations of Aβ and medin were also present during their co-aggregation. In cross-seeding simulations, preformed Aβ fibrils could recruit isolated medin monomers to form elongated β-sheets. Overall, our comprehensive simulations suggested that the cross-interaction between Aβ and medin may contribute to their pathological aggregation, given the inherent amyloidogenic tendencies of both medin and Aβ. Targeting medin, therefore, could offer a novel therapeutic approach to preserving brain function during aging and AD by improving vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xinjie Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Yunxiang Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
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4
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Zhang Y, Karamanova N, Morrow KT, Madine J, Truran S, Lozoya M, Weissig V, Li M, Nikkhah M, Park JG, Migrino RQ. Transcriptomic analyses reveal proinflammatory activation of human brain microvascular endothelial cells by aging-associated peptide medin and reversal by nanoliposomes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18802. [PMID: 37914766 PMCID: PMC10620412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45959-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Medin is a common vascular amyloidogenic peptide recently implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia and its pathology remains unknown. We aim to identify changes in transcriptomic profiles and pathways in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) exposed to medin, compare that to exposure to β-amyloid (Aβ) and evaluate protection by monosialoganglioside-containing nanoliposomes (NL). HBMVECs were exposed for 20 h to medin (5 µM) without or with Aβ(1-42) (2 µM) or NL (300 µg/mL), and RNA-seq with signaling pathway analyses were performed. Separately, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of select identified genes was done in HBMVECs treated with medin (5 µM) without or with NFκB inhibitor RO106-9920 (10 µM) or NL (300 µg/mL). Medin caused upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes that was not aggravated by Aβ42 co-treatment but reversed by NL. Pathway analysis on differentially expressed genes revealed multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the nuclear factor-κB (NFkB) signaling pathways, were affected specifically by medin treatment. RO106-9920 and NL reduced medin-induced pro-inflammatory activation. Medin induced endothelial cell pro-inflammatory signaling in part via NFκB that was reversed by NL. This could have potential implications in the pathogenesis and treatment of vascular aging, AD and vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Zhang
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Nina Karamanova
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
| | - Kaleb T Morrow
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
| | | | - Seth Truran
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
| | | | | | - Ming Li
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Jin G Park
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA.
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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5
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Huang F, Fan X, Wang Y, Wang C, Zou Y, Lian J, Ding F, Sun Y. Unveiling Medin Folding and Dimerization Dynamics and Conformations via Atomistic Discrete Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6376-6385. [PMID: 37782573 PMCID: PMC10752383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Medin is a principal component of localized amyloid found in the vasculature of individuals over 50 years old. Its amyloid aggregation has been linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, contributing to the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases. Despite its significance, the structures of the medin monomer, oligomer, and fibril remain elusive, and the dynamic processes of medin aggregation are not fully understood. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the medin folding and dimerization dynamics and conformations using atomistic discrete molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulation results suggested that the folding initiation of the medin involved the formation of β-sheets around medin30-41 and medin42-50, with subsequent capping of other segments to their β-sheet edges. Medin monomers typically consisted of three or four β-strands, along with a dynamic N-terminal helix. Two isolated medin peptides readily aggregated into a β-sheet-rich dimer, displaying a strong aggregation propensity. Dimerization of medin not only enhanced the β-sheet conformations but also led to the formation of β-barrel oligomers. The aggregation tendencies of medin1-18 and medin19-29 were relatively weak. However, the segments of medin30-41 and medin42-50 played a crucial role as they primarily formed a β-sheet core and facilitated medin1-18 and medin19-29 to form intra- and interpeptide β-sheets. The findings highlight the critical role of the medin30-41 and medin42-50 regions in stabilizing the monomer structure and driving the medin amyloid aggregation. These regions could potentially serve as promising targets for designing antiamyloid inhibitors against amyloid aggregation of medin. Additionally, our study provides a full picture of the monomer conformations and dimerization dynamics for medin, which will help better understand the pathology of medin aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering (NIIME), Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xinjie Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering (NIIME), Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Yunxiang Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
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6
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Lin FV, Heffner KL. Autonomic nervous system flexibility for understanding brain aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102016. [PMID: 37459967 PMCID: PMC10530154 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
A recent call was made for autonomic nervous system (ANS) measures as digital health markers for early detection of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (AD/ADRD). Nevertheless, contradictory or inconclusive findings exist. To help advance understanding of ANS' role in dementia, we draw upon aging and dementia-related literature, and propose a framework that centers on the role of ANS flexibility to guide future work on application of ANS function to differentiating the degree and type of dementia-related brain pathologies. We first provide a brief review of literature within the past 10 years on ANS and dementia-related brain pathologies. Next, we present an ANS flexibility model, describing how the model can be applied to understand these brain pathologies, as well as differentiate or even be leveraged to modify typical brain aging and dementia. Lastly, we briefly discuss the implication of the model for understanding resilience and vulnerability to dementia-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng V Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, USA.
| | - Kathi L Heffner
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, USA; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, USA
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7
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Madine J, Davies HA, Migrino RQ, Ruotsalainen SE, Wagner J, Neher JJ. Medin amyloid may drive arterial aging and disease in the periphery and brain. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1039-1041. [PMID: 37620584 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Madine
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hannah A Davies
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System and University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sanni E Ruotsalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jessica Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas J Neher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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8
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Whitehead M, Yusoff S, Ahmad S, Schmidt L, Mayr M, Madine J, Middleton D, Shanahan CM. Vascular smooth muscle cell senescence accelerates medin aggregation via small extracellular vesicle secretion and extracellular matrix reorganization. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13746. [PMID: 36433666 PMCID: PMC9924949 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular amyloidosis, caused when peptide monomers aggregate into insoluble amyloid, is a prevalent age-associated pathology. Aortic medial amyloid (AMA) is the most common human amyloid and is composed of medin, a 50-amino acid peptide. Emerging evidence has implicated extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of pathological amyloid accumulation in the extracellular matrix (ECM). To determine the mechanisms of AMA formation with age, we explored the impact of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence, EV secretion, and ECM remodeling on medin accumulation. Medin was detected in EVs secreted from primary VSMCs. Small, round medin aggregates colocalized with EV markers in decellularized ECM in vitro and medin was shown on the surface of EVs deposited in the ECM. Decreasing EV secretion with an inhibitor attenuated aggregation and deposition of medin in the ECM. Medin accumulation in the aortic wall of human subjects was strongly correlated with age and VSMC senescence increased EV secretion, increased EV medin loading and triggered deposition of fibril-like medin. Proteomic analysis showed VSMC senescence induced changes in EV cargo and ECM composition, which led to enhanced EV-ECM binding and accelerated medin aggregation. Abundance of the proteoglycan, HSPG2, was increased in the senescent ECM and colocalized with EVs and medin. Isolated EVs selectively bound to HSPG2 in the ECM and its knock-down decreased formation of fibril-like medin structures. These data identify VSMC-derived EVs and HSPG2 in the ECM as key mediators of medin accumulation, contributing to age-associated AMA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Whitehead
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Syabira Yusoff
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sadia Ahmad
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lukas Schmidt
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jillian Madine
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLondonUK
| | | | - Catherine M. Shanahan
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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9
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Milk Fat Globule Epidermal Growth Factor VIII Fragment Medin in Age-Associated Arterial Adverse Remodeling and Arterial Disease. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020253. [PMID: 36672188 PMCID: PMC9857039 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Medin, a small 50-amino acid peptide, is an internal cleaved product from the second discoidin domain of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor VIII (MFG-E8) protein. Medin has been reported as the most common amylogenic protein in the upper part of the arterial system, including aortic, temporal, and cerebral arterial walls in the elderly. Medin has a high affinity to elastic fibers and is closely associated with arterial degenerative inflammation, elastic fiber fragmentation, calcification, and amyloidosis. In vitro, treating with the medin peptide promotes the inflammatory phenotypic shift of both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies demonstrate that medin enhances the abundance of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species produced by both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and promotes vascular endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. Immunostaining and immunoblotting analyses of human samples indicate that the levels of medin are increased in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm/dissection, temporal arteritis, and cerebrovascular dementia. Thus, medin peptide could be targeted as a biomarker diagnostic tool or as a potential molecular approach to curbing the arterial degenerative inflammatory remodeling that accompanies aging and disease.
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10
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Krzek M, Stroobants S, Gelin P, De Malsche W, Maes D. Influence of Centrifugation and Shaking on the Self-Assembly of Lysozyme Fibrils. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121746. [PMID: 36551175 PMCID: PMC9775142 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein self-assembly into fibrils and oligomers plays a key role in the etiology of degenerative diseases. Several pathways for this self-assembly process have been described and shown to result in different types and ratios of final assemblies, therewith defining the effective physiological response. Known factors that influence assembly pathways are chemical conditions and the presence or lack of agitation. However, in natural and industrial systems, proteins are exposed to a sequence of different and often complex mass transfers. In this paper, we compare the effect of two fundamentally different mass transfer processes on the fibrilization process. Aggregation-prone solutions of hen egg white lysozyme were subjected to predominantly non-advective mass transfer by employing centrifugation and to advective mass transport represented by orbital shaking. In both cases, fibrilization was triggered, while in quiescent only oligomers were formed. The fibrils obtained by shaking compared to fibrils obtained through centrifugation were shorter, thicker, and more rigid. They had rod-like protofibrils as building blocks and a significantly higher β-sheet content was observed. In contrast, fibrils from centrifugation were more flexible and braided. They consisted of intertwined filaments and had low β-sheet content at the expense of random coil. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence of a fibrilization pathway selectivity, with the fibrilization route determined by the mass transfer and mixing configuration (shaking versus centrifugation). This selectivity can be potentially employed for directed protein fibrilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Krzek
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sander Stroobants
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gelin
- μFlow Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wim De Malsche
- μFlow Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maes
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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11
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Chen G, Andrade-Talavera Y, Zhong X, Hassan S, Biverstål H, Poska H, Abelein A, Leppert A, Kronqvist N, Rising A, Hebert H, Koeck PJB, Fisahn A, Johansson J. Abilities of the BRICHOS domain to prevent neurotoxicity and fibril formation are dependent on a highly conserved Asp residue. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:1342-1358. [PMID: 36349220 PMCID: PMC9627735 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00187j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins can self-assemble into amyloid fibrils or amorphous aggregates and thereby cause disease. Molecular chaperones can prevent both these types of protein aggregation, but to what extent the respective mechanisms are overlapping is not fully understood. The BRICHOS domain constitutes a disease-associated chaperone family, with activities against amyloid neurotoxicity, fibril formation, and amorphous protein aggregation. Here, we show that the activities of BRICHOS against amyloid-induced neurotoxicity and fibril formation, respectively, are oppositely dependent on a conserved aspartate residue, while the ability to suppress amorphous protein aggregation is unchanged by Asp to Asn mutations. The Asp is evolutionarily highly conserved in >3000 analysed BRICHOS domains but is replaced by Asn in some BRICHOS families. The conserved Asp in its ionized state promotes structural flexibility and has a pK a value between pH 6.0 and 7.0, suggesting that chaperone effects can be differently affected by physiological pH variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gefei Chen
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Center for Alzheimer Research, Departments of NVS and KBH, Karolinska Institutet 171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Xueying Zhong
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - Sameer Hassan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - Henrik Biverstål
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Riga LV-1006 Latvia
| | - Helen Poska
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University Tallinn Estonia
| | - Axel Abelein
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - Axel Leppert
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - Nina Kronqvist
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - Anna Rising
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Hans Hebert
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - Philip J B Koeck
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
| | - André Fisahn
- Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Center for Alzheimer Research, Departments of NVS and KBH, Karolinska Institutet 171 77 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jan Johansson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet 141 52 Huddinge Sweden
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Sasidharan S, Ramakrishnan V. Aromatic interactions directing peptide nano-assembly. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 130:119-160. [PMID: 35534106 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly is a process of spontaneous organization of molecules as a result of non-covalent interactions. Organized self-assembly at the nano level is emerging as a powerful tool in the bottom-up fabrication of functional nanostructures for targeted applications. Aromatic π-π stacking plays a significant role by facilitating the persistent supramolecular association of individual subunits to the self-assembled structures of high stability. Understanding, the supramolecular chemistry of the materials interacting through aromatic interactions, is of tremendous interest in not only constructing functional materials but also in revealing the mechanism of molecular assembly in living organisms. This chapter aims to focus on understanding the potential role of π-π interactions in directing and regulating the self-assembly of peptide nanostructures. The scope of the chapter starts with an outline of the history and mechanism of the aromatic π-π interactions. It progresses through the design strategy for the assembly of peptides containing aromatic rings, the conditions affecting the aromatic stacking interactions, their resulting nanoassemblies, properties, and applications. The properties and applications of the supramolecular materials formed through the aromatic stacking interactions are highlighted to provide an increased understanding of the role of weak interactions in the design and construction of novel functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajitha Sasidharan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Vibin Ramakrishnan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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13
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Wagner J, Degenhardt K, Veit M, Louros N, Konstantoulea K, Skodras A, Wild K, Liu P, Obermüller U, Bansal V, Dalmia A, Häsler LM, Lambert M, De Vleeschouwer M, Davies HA, Madine J, Kronenberg-Versteeg D, Feederle R, Del Turco D, Nilsson KPR, Lashley T, Deller T, Gearing M, Walker LC, Heutink P, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J, Jucker M, Neher JJ. Medin co-aggregates with vascular amyloid-β in Alzheimer's disease. Nature 2022; 612:123-131. [PMID: 36385530 PMCID: PMC9712113 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aggregates of medin amyloid (a fragment of the protein MFG-E8, also known as lactadherin) are found in the vasculature of almost all humans over 50 years of age1,2, making it the most common amyloid currently known. We recently reported that medin also aggregates in blood vessels of ageing wild-type mice, causing cerebrovascular dysfunction3. Here we demonstrate in amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice and in patients with Alzheimer's disease that medin co-localizes with vascular amyloid-β deposits, and that in mice, medin deficiency reduces vascular amyloid-β deposition by half. Moreover, in both the mouse and human brain, MFG-E8 is highly enriched in the vasculature and both MFG-E8 and medin levels increase with the severity of vascular amyloid-β burden. Additionally, analysing data from 566 individuals in the ROSMAP cohort, we find that patients with Alzheimer's disease have higher MFGE8 expression levels, which are attributable to vascular cells and are associated with increased measures of cognitive decline, independent of plaque and tau pathology. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that medin interacts directly with amyloid-β to promote its aggregation, as medin forms heterologous fibrils with amyloid-β, affects amyloid-β fibril structure, and cross-seeds amyloid-β aggregation both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, medin could be a therapeutic target for prevention of vascular damage and cognitive decline resulting from amyloid-β deposition in the blood vessels of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wagner
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karoline Degenhardt
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marleen Veit
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Louros
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katerina Konstantoulea
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angelos Skodras
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katleen Wild
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ping Liu
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Obermüller
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vikas Bansal
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anupriya Dalmia
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa M. Häsler
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Lambert
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias De Vleeschouwer
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannah A. Davies
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jillian Madine
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Deborah Kronenberg-Versteeg
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Domenico Del Turco
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - K. Peter R. Nilsson
- grid.5640.70000 0001 2162 9922Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas Deller
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marla Gearing
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Lary C. Walker
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Neurology and Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Peter Heutink
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathias Jucker
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas J. Neher
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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14
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Ikemoto‐Uezumi M, Zhou H, Kurosawa T, Yoshimoto Y, Toyoda M, Kanazawa N, Nakazawa T, Morita M, Tsuchida K, Uezumi A. Increased MFG-E8 at neuromuscular junctions is an exacerbating factor for sarcopenia-associated denervation. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13536. [PMID: 34953020 PMCID: PMC8761010 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an important health problem associated with adverse outcomes. Although the etiology of sarcopenia remains poorly understood, factors apart from muscle fibers, including humoral factors, might be involved. Here, we used cytokine antibody arrays to identify humoral factors involved in sarcopenia and found a significant increase in levels of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG‐E8) in skeletal muscle of aged mice, compared with young mice. We found that the increase in MFG‐E8 protein at arterial walls and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in muscles of aged mice. High levels of MFG‐E8 at NMJs and an age‐related increase in arterial MFG‐E8 have also been identified in human skeletal muscle. In NMJs, MFG‐E8 is localized on the surface of terminal Schwann cells, which are important accessory cells for the maintenance of NMJs. We found that increased MFG‐E8 at NMJs precedes age‐related denervation and is more prominent in sarcopenia‐susceptible fast‐twitch than in sarcopenia‐resistant slow‐twitch muscle. Comparison between fast and slow muscles further revealed that arterial MFG‐E8 can be uncoupled from sarcopenic phenotype. A genetic deficiency in MFG‐E8 attenuated age‐related denervation of NMJs and muscle weakness, providing evidence of a pathogenic role of increased MFG‐E8. Thus, our study revealed a mechanism by which increased MFG‐E8 at NMJs leads to age‐related NMJ degeneration and suggests that targeting MFG‐E8 could be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Ikemoto‐Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Tokyo Japan
| | - Heying Zhou
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Tokyo Japan
| | - Tamaki Kurosawa
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Tokyo Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences Tokyo University Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimoto
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Nobuo Kanazawa
- Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Mitsuhiro Morita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Fujita Health University Toyoake Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsuchida
- Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science Fujita Health University Toyoake Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Tokyo Japan
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15
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An GH, Lee J, Jin X, Chung J, Kim JC, Park JH, Kim M, Han C, Kim JH, Woo DH. Truncated Milk Fat Globule-EGF-like Factor 8 Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis via Inhibition of Integrin-TGFβ Receptor Interaction. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111529. [PMID: 34829758 PMCID: PMC8615163 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) protein is known as an immunomodulator in various diseases, and we previously demonstrated the anti-fibrotic role of MFG-E8 in liver disease. Here, we present a truncated form of MFG-E8 that provides an advanced therapeutic benefit in treating liver fibrosis. The enhanced therapeutic potential of the modified MFG-E8 was demonstrated in various liver fibrosis animal models, and the efficacy was further confirmed in human hepatic stellate cells and a liver spheroid model. In the subsequent analysis, we found that the modified MFG-E8 more efficiently suppressed transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling than the original form of MFG-E8, and it deactivated the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells in the liver disease environment through interfering with the interactions between integrins (αvβ3 & αvβ5) and TGF-βRI. Furthermore, the protein preferentially delivered in the liver after administration, and the safety profiles of the protein were demonstrated in male and female rat models. Therefore, in conclusion, this modified MFG-E8 provides a promising new therapeutic strategy for treating fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun Ho An
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Science Campus, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jaehun Lee
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Xiong Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Jin Ming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Jinwoo Chung
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Joon-Chul Kim
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Jung-Hyuck Park
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Choongseong Han
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Science Campus, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (D.-H.W.)
| | - Dong-Hun Woo
- Department of New Drug Development, NEXEL Co., Ltd., 8th Floor, 55 Magokdong-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07802, Korea; (G.H.A.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (J.-C.K.); (J.-H.P.); (M.K.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (D.-H.W.)
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16
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Tasaki M, Lavatelli F, Obici L, Obayashi K, Miyamoto T, Merlini G, Palladini G, Ando Y, Ueda M. Age-related amyloidosis outside the brain: A state-of-the-art review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101388. [PMID: 34116224 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Inside and outside the brain, accumulation of amyloid fibrils plays key roles in the pathogenesis of fatal age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis. Although the incidence of all amyloidoses increases with age, for some types of amyloidosis aging is known as the main direct risk factor, and these types are typically diseases of elderly people. More than 10 different precursor proteins are known to cause age-associated amyloidosis; these proteins include amyloid β protein, α-synuclein, transthyretin, islet amyloid polypeptide, atrial natriuretic factor, and the newly discovered epidermal growth factor-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1. Except for intracerebral amyloidoses, most age-related amyloidoses have been little studied. Indeed, in view of the increasing life expectancy in our societies, understanding how aging is involved in the process of amyloid fibril accumulation and the effects of amyloid deposits on the aging body is extremely important. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the nature of amyloid precursor proteins, the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis of amyloidosis, and recent advances in our understanding of age-related amyloidoses outside the brain.
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Rahamtullah, Mishra R. Nicking and fragmentation are responsible for α-lactalbumin amyloid fibril formation at acidic pH and elevated temperature. Protein Sci 2021; 30:1919-1934. [PMID: 34107116 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are ordered aggregates that may be formed from disordered, partially unfolded, and fragments of proteins and peptides. There are several diseases, which are due to the formation and deposition of insoluble β-sheet protein aggregates in various tissue, collectively known as amyloidosis. Here, we have used bovine α-lactalbumin as a model protein to understand the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation at pH 1.6 and 65°C under non-reducing conditions. Amyloid fibril formation is confirmed by Thioflavin T fluorescence and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our finding demonstrates that hydrolysis of peptide bonds occurs under these conditions, which results in nicking and fragmentation. The nicking and fragmentation have been confirmed on non-reducing and reducing gel. We have identified the fragments by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The fragmentation may initiate nucleation as it coincides with AFM images. Conformational changes associated with monomer resulting in fibrillation are shown by circular dichroism and Raman spectroscopy. The current study highlights the importance of nicking and fragmentation in amyloid fibril formation, which may help understand the role of acidic pH and proteolysis under in vivo conditions in the initiation of amyloid fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahamtullah
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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18
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Diteepeng T, Del Monte F, Luciani M. The long and winding road to target protein misfolding in cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13504. [PMID: 33527342 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decades, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have remained the first leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Although several therapeutic approaches have been introduced in the past, the development of novel treatments remains an important research goal, which is hampered by the lack of understanding of key mechanisms and targets. Emerging evidences in recent years indicate the involvement of misfolded proteins aggregation and the derailment of protein quality control in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Several potential interventions targeting protein quality control have been translated from the bench to the bedside to effectively employ the misfolded proteins as promising therapeutic targets for cardiac diseases, but with trivial results. DESIGN In this review, we describe the recent progresses in preclinical and clinical studies of protein misfolding and compromised protein quality control by selecting and reporting studies focusing on cardiovascular diseases including cardiomyopathies, cardiac amyloidosis, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation and thrombosis. RESULTS In preclinical models, modulators of several molecular targets (eg heat shock proteins, unfolded protein response, ubiquitin protein system, autophagy and histone deacetylases) have been tested in various conditions with promising results although lacking an adequate transition towards clinical setting. CONCLUSIONS At present, no therapeutic strategies have been reported to attenuate proteotoxicity in patients with CVD due to a lack of specific biomarkers for pinpointing upstream events in protein folding defects at a subclinical stage of the diseases requiring an intensive collaboration between basic scientists and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamonwan Diteepeng
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Federica Del Monte
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna Alma Mater, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Luciani
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland
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19
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Human pluripotent stem-cell-derived alveolar organoids for modeling pulmonary fibrosis and drug testing. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:48. [PMID: 33723255 PMCID: PMC7961057 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Detailed understanding of the pathogenesis and development of effective therapies for pulmonary fibrosis (PF) have been hampered by lack of in vitro human models that recapitulate disease pathophysiology. In this study, we generated alveolar organoids (AOs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for use as an PF model and for drug efficacy evaluation. Stepwise direct differentiation of hPSCs into alveolar epithelial cells by mimicking developmental cues in a temporally controlled manner was used to generate multicellular AOs. Derived AOs contained the expected spectrum of differentiated cells, including alveolar progenitors, type 1 and 2 alveolar epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells. Treatment with transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) induced fibrotic changes in AOs, offering a PF model for therapeutic evaluation of a structurally truncated form (NP-011) of milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) protein. The significant fibrogenic responses and collagen accumulation that were induced by treatment with TGF-β1 in these AOs were effectively ameliorated by treatment with NP-011 via suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Furthermore, administration of NP-011 reversed bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice also via ERK signaling suppression and collagen reduction. This anti-fibrotic effect mirrored that following Pirfenidone and Nintedanib administration. Furthermore, NP-011 interacted with macrophages, which accelerated the collagen uptake for eliminating accumulated collagen in fibrotic lung tissues. This study provides a robust in vitro human organoid system for modeling PF and assessing anti-fibrotic mechanisms of potential drugs and suggests that modified MGF-E8 protein has therapeutic potential for treating PF.
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20
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Dangerous Stops: Nonsense Mutations Can Dramatically Increase Frequency of Prion Conversion. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041542. [PMID: 33546497 PMCID: PMC7913716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid formation is associated with many incurable diseases. For some of these, sporadic cases are much more common than familial ones. Some reports point to the role of somatic cell mosaicism in these cases via origination of amyloids in a limited number of cells, which can then spread through tissues. However, specific types of sporadic mutations responsible for such effects are unknown. In order to identify mutations capable of increasing the de novo appearance of amyloids, we searched for such mutants in the yeast prionogenic protein Sup35. We introduced to yeast cells an additional copy of the SUP35 gene with mutated amyloidogenic domain and observed that some nonsense mutations increased the incidence of prions by several orders of magnitude. This effect was related to exposure at the C-terminus of an internal amyloidogenic region of Sup35. We also discovered that SUP35 mRNA could undergo splicing, although inefficiently, causing appearance of a shortened Sup35 isoform lacking its functional domain, which was also highly prionogenic. Our data suggest that truncated forms of amyloidogenic proteins, resulting from nonsense mutations or alternative splicing in rare somatic cells, might initiate spontaneous localized formation of amyloids, which can then spread, resulting in sporadic amyloid disease.
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21
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Belwal VK, Chaudhary N. Amyloids and their untapped potential as hydrogelators. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10013-10028. [PMID: 33146652 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01578d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are cross-β-sheet-rich fibrous aggregates. They were originally identified as disease-associated protein/peptide deposits. The cross-β motif was consequently labelled as an alien and pathogenic fold. Subsequent research revealed that the fibrillar aggregates were benign, and the cytotoxicity in the amyloid diseases was attributed to the pre-fibrillar structures. Research in the past two decades has identified the native functional amyloids in organisms ranging from bacteria to human. The amyloid-like fibrils, therefore, are not necessarily pathogenic, and the cross-β motif is very much native. This premise makes way for the amyloids to be used as biocompatible materials. Many naturally occurring amyloidogenic proteins/peptides or their fragments have been reported in the literature to form hydrogels. Hydrogels constitute one of the most interesting classes of soft materials that find application in diverse fields such as environmental, electronic, and biomedical engineering. Applications of hydrogels in medicine are particularly extensive. Among various classes of peptides that form hydrogels, the potential of amyloids is largely untapped. In this review, we have attempted to compile the literature on amyloid hydrogels and discuss their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Belwal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati - 781 039, India.
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22
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Medin aggregation causes cerebrovascular dysfunction in aging wild-type mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23925-23931. [PMID: 32900929 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011133117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Medin is the most common amyloid known in humans, as it can be found in blood vessels of the upper body in virtually everybody over 50 years of age. However, it remains unknown whether deposition of Medin plays a causal role in age-related vascular dysfunction. We now report that aggregates of Medin also develop in the aorta and brain vasculature of wild-type mice in an age-dependent manner. Strikingly, genetic deficiency of the Medin precursor protein, MFG-E8, eliminates not only vascular aggregates but also prevents age-associated decline of cerebrovascular function in mice. Given the prevalence of Medin aggregates in the general population and its role in vascular dysfunction with aging, targeting Medin may become a novel approach to sustain healthy aging.
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23
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Howitz WJ, Wierzbicki M, Cabanela RW, Saliba C, Motavalli A, Tran N, Nowick JS. Interpenetrating Cubes in the X-ray Crystallographic Structure of a Peptide Derived from Medin 19-36. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15870-15875. [PMID: 32816461 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidogenic peptides and proteins are rich sources of supramolecular assemblies. Sequences derived from well-known amyloids, including Aβ, human islet amyloid polypeptide, and tau have been found to assemble as fibrils, nanosheets, ribbons, and nanotubes. The supramolecular assembly of medin, a 50-amino acid peptide that forms fibrillary deposits in aging human vasculature, has not been heavily investigated. In this work, we present an X-ray crystallographic structure of a cyclic β-sheet peptide derived from the 19-36 region of medin that assembles to form interpenetrating cubes. The edge of each cube is composed of a single peptide, and each vertex is occupied by a divalent metal ion. This structure may be considered a metal-organic framework (MOF) containing a large peptide ligand. This work demonstrates that peptides containing Glu or Asp that are preorganized to adopt β-hairpin structures can serve as ligands and assemble with metal ions to form MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Howitz
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Michał Wierzbicki
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Rudy William Cabanela
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Cindy Saliba
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Ariana Motavalli
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Ngoctran Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - James S Nowick
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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Migrino RQ, Karamanova N, Truran S, Serrano GE, Davies HA, Madine J, Beach TG. Cerebrovascular medin is associated with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 12:e12072. [PMID: 32875054 PMCID: PMC7447901 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medin, an aging-associated amyloidogenic protein, induces cerebrovascular dysfunction and inflammation. We investigated the relationship between cerebrovascular medin and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS Cerebral arteriole medin was quantified from 91 brain donors with no dementia (ND), AD, VaD, or combined AD and VaD. Correlation analyses evaluated the relationship between arteriole medin, and plaques, tangles, or white matter lesions (WML). Receiver operating characteristic and regression analyses assessed whether medin is predictive of AD or VaD versus other cerebrovascular pathologies (circle of Willis [CoW] atherosclerosis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA]). RESULTS Arteriole medin was higher in those with AD, VaD, or combined AD/VaD versus ND (P < .05), and correlated with tangle, plaque, and WML, but not CAA or CoW atherosclerosis. Among cerebrovascular pathologies, medin was the strongest predictor of AD diagnosis, whereas CoW atherosclerosis and arteriole medin were predictors of VaD. DISCUSSION Cerebral arteriole medin is associated with and could be a potential novel risk factor or biomarker for AD and VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Q. Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPhoenixArizonaUSA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine‐PhoenixPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - Nina Karamanova
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - Seth Truran
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPhoenixArizonaUSA
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25
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Younger S, Jang H, Davies HA, Niemiec MJ, Garcia JGN, Nussinov R, Migrino RQ, Madine J, Arce FT. Medin Oligomer Membrane Pore Formation: A Potential Mechanism of Vascular Dysfunction. Biophys J 2020; 118:2769-2782. [PMID: 32402244 PMCID: PMC7264854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Medin, a 50-amino-acid cleavage product of the milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein, is one of the most common forms of localized amyloid found in the vasculature of individuals older than 50 years. Medin induces endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, yet despite its prevalence in the human aorta and multiple arterial beds, little is known about the nature of its pathology. Medin oligomers have been implicated in the pathology of aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and more recently, vascular dementia. Recent in vitro biomechanical measurements found increased oligomer levels in aneurysm patients with altered aortic wall integrity. Our results suggest an oligomer-mediated toxicity mechanism for medin pathology. Using lipid bilayer electrophysiology, we show that medin oligomers induce ionic membrane permeability by pore formation. Pore activity was primarily observed for preaggregated medin species from the growth-phase and rarely for lag-phase species. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging of medin aggregates at different stages of aggregation revealed the gradual formation of flat domains resembling the morphology of supported lipid bilayers. Transmission electron microscopy images showed the coexistence of compact oligomers, largely consistent with the AFM data, and larger protofibrillar structures. Circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed the presence of largely disordered species and suggested the presence of β-sheets. This observation and the significantly lower thioflavin T fluorescence emitted by medin aggregates compared to amyloid-β fibrils, along with the absence of amyloid fibers in the AFM and transmission electron microscopy images, suggest that medin aggregation into pores follows a nonamyloidogenic pathway. In silico modeling by molecular dynamics simulations provides atomic-level structural detail of medin pores with the CNpNC barrel topology and diameters comparable to values estimated from experimental pore conductances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Younger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hannah A Davies
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Niemiec
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Office of Research, Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jillian Madine
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando T Arce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
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Murakami T, Noguchi K, Hachiya N, Kametani F, Tasaki M, Nakaba S, Sassa Y, Yamashita T, Obayashi K, Ando Y, Hamamura M, Kanno T, Kawasako K. Needle-shaped amyloid deposition in rat mammary gland: evidence of a novel amyloid fibril protein. Amyloid 2020; 27:25-35. [PMID: 31615282 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2019.1675623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is an extremely rare event in rats. In this study, we report that lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) is the most likely amyloidogenic protein in rat mammary amyloidosis. Histologically, corpora amylacea (CA) and stromal amyloid (SA) were observed in rat mammary glands, and needle-shaped amyloid (NA) was also observed on the surface or gap of CA and SA. Following surveillance in aged rats, NA was observed in 62% of mammary tumours, 25% of male mammary glands and 83% of female mammary glands. Proteomic analysis showed that lactadherin was a major constitutive protein of CA and SA, and both were positive following immunohistochemistry with anti-lactadherin antibodies. In the same analysis, LBP was detected as a prime candidate protein in NA, and NA was positive following immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy with anti-LBP antibody. Furthermore, synthetic peptides derived from rat LBP formed amyloid fibrils in vitro. Overall, these results provide evidence that LBP is an amyloid precursor protein of NA in rat mammary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Murakami
- Division of Animal Life Science, Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Keiichi Noguchi
- Research Center for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Naomi Hachiya
- Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Kametani
- Department of Dementia and Higher Brain Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tasaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Morphological and Physiological Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakaba
- Division of Natural Resources and Eco-Materials, Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sassa
- Division of Animal Life Science, Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Konen Obayashi
- Department of Morphological and Physiological Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masao Hamamura
- Pathology Department, Nonclinical Research Center, Drug Development Service Segment, LSI Medicine Corporation, Uto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kanno
- Pathology Department, Nonclinical Research Center, Drug Development Service Segment, LSI Medicine Corporation, Uto, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Kawasako
- Pathology Department, Nonclinical Research Center, Drug Development Service Segment, LSI Medicine Corporation, Uto, Japan
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27
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Karamanova N, Truran S, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Madine J, Weissig V, Davies HA, Veldhuizen J, Nikkhah M, Hansen M, Zhang W, D'Souza K, Franco DA, Migrino RQ. Endothelial Immune Activation by Medin: Potential Role in Cerebrovascular Disease and Reversal by Monosialoganglioside-Containing Nanoliposomes. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014810. [PMID: 31928157 PMCID: PMC7033828 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The function of medin, one of the most common human amyloid proteins that accumulates in the vasculature with aging, remains unknown. We aim to probe medin's role in cerebrovascular disease by comparing cerebral arterial medin content between cognitively normal and vascular dementia (VaD) patients and studying its effects on endothelial cell (EC) immune activation and neuroinflammation. We also tested whether monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes could reverse medin's adverse effects. Methods and Results Cerebral artery medin and astrocyte activation were measured and compared between VaD and cognitively normal elderly brain donors. ECs were exposed to physiologic dose of medin (5 μmol/L), and viability and immune activation (interleukin‐8, interleukin‐6, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1) were measured without or with monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes (300 μg/mL). Astrocytes were exposed to vehicle, medin, medin‐treated ECs, or their conditioned media, and interleukin‐8 production was compared. Cerebral collateral arterial and parenchymal arteriole medin, white matter lesion scores, and astrocyte activation were higher in VaD versus cognitively normal donors. Medin induced EC immune activation (increased interleukin‐8, interleukin‐6, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1) and reduced EC viability, which were reversed by monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes. Interleukin‐8 production was augmented when astrocytes were exposed to medin‐treated ECs or their conditioned media. Conclusions Cerebral arterial medin is higher in VaD compared with cognitively normal patients. Medin induces EC immune activation that modulates astrocyte activation, and its effects are reversed by monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes. Medin is a candidate novel risk factor for aging‐related cerebrovascular disease and VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Phoenix AZ.,Arizona State University Tempe AZ
| | | | | | | | | | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Phoenix AZ.,University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix AZ
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28
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Davies HA, Caamaño-Gutiérrez E, Chim YH, Field M, Nawaytou O, Ressel L, Akhtar R, Madine J. Idiopathic degenerative thoracic aneurysms are associated with increased aortic medial amyloid. Amyloid 2019; 26:148-155. [PMID: 31210552 PMCID: PMC6816484 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2019.1625323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship of aortic medial amyloid with biochemical and micromechanical properties of the aortic wall in aneurysm patients. Methods: Human aortic tissues removed during aneurysm surgery from tricuspid (idiopathic degenerative aneurysm, DA) and bicuspid valve (BAV) patients were subjected to oscillatory nanoindentation experiments to determine localised mechanical properties of the tissue (shear storage modulus, G´ and shear loss modulus, G˝). Collagen, elastin, matrix metalloproteinase 2 and glycosaminoglycans concentrations were determined, along with relative levels of aortic medial amyloid-related factors (medin, milk fat globule-EGF factor 8, oligomers and fibrils). Measurements were combined with clinical data and statistical analyses performed. Results: The DA cohort can be divided based on their phenotype. One group shared similar characteristics with BAV patients, termed bicuspid like phenotype-tricuspid valve. The second group had high amyloid oligomer species present with a significantly lower G´ (p = .01), indicative of reduced elastic response of the tissue, termed amyloid-rich. Conclusions: We identified a group of DA patients with high amyloid oligomers and altered micromechanical and structural properties of the vessel wall. We propose these findings as a cause for aneurysm formation in these patients. Amyloid is not found in BAV patients, suggesting at least two distinct mechanisms for pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. Davies
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eva Caamaño-Gutiérrez
- Computational Biology Facility, Technology Directorate, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ya Hua Chim
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark Field
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Lorenzo Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jillian Madine
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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29
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Miura Y, Tsumoto H, Iwamoto M, Yamaguchi Y, Ko P, Soejima Y, Yoshida S, Toda T, Arai T, Hamamatsu A, Endo T, Sawabe M. Age‐associated proteomic alterations in human aortic media. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19:1054-1062. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Miura
- Research Team for Mechanism of AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroki Tsumoto
- Research Team for Mechanism of AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Machiko Iwamoto
- Research Team for Mechanism of AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Pojui Ko
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Yurie Soejima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Shoko Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Tosifusa Toda
- Research Team for Mechanism of AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of PathologyTokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Akihiko Hamamatsu
- Department of PathologyTokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Tamao Endo
- Research Team for Mechanism of AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Motoji Sawabe
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
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30
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Wang M, Monticone RE, McGraw KR. Proinflammatory Arterial Stiffness Syndrome: A Signature of Large Arterial Aging. J Vasc Res 2018; 55:210-223. [PMID: 30071538 PMCID: PMC6174095 DOI: 10.1159/000490244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated structural and functional remodeling of the arterial wall produces a productive environment for the initiation and progression of hypertension and atherosclerosis. Chronic aging stress induces low-grade proinflammatory signaling and causes cellular proinflammation in arterial walls, which triggers the structural phenotypic shifts characterized by endothelial dysfunction, diffuse intimal-medial thickening, and arterial stiffening. Microscopically, aged arteries exhibit an increase in arterial cell senescence, proliferation, invasion, matrix deposition, elastin fragmentation, calcification, and amyloidosis. These characteristic cellular and matrix alterations not only develop with aging but can also be induced in young animals under experimental proinflammatory stimulation. Interestingly, these changes can also be attenuated in old animals by reducing low-grade inflammatory signaling. Thus, mitigating age-associated proinflammation and arterial phenotype shifts is a potential approach to retard arterial aging and prevent the epidemic of hypertension and atherosclerosis in the elderly.
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31
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Yakupova EI, Vikhlyantsev IM, Lobanov MY, Galzitskaya OV, Bobylev AG. Amyloid Properties of Titin. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018. [PMID: 29523065 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917130077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review considers data on structural and functional features of titin, on the role of this protein in determination of mechanical properties of sarcomeres, and on specific features of regulation of the stiffness and elasticity of its molecules, amyloid aggregation of this protein in vitro, and possibilities of formation of intramolecular amyloid structure in vivo. Molecular mechanisms are described of protection of titin against aggregation in muscle cells. Based on the data analysis, it is supposed that titin and the formed by it elastic filaments have features of amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Yakupova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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32
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Wang Y, Feng X, Shen B, Ma J, Zhao W. Is Vascular Amyloidosis Intertwined with Arterial Aging, Hypertension and Atherosclerosis? Front Genet 2017; 8:126. [PMID: 29085385 PMCID: PMC5649204 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular amyloidosis (VA) is a component of aging, but both VA and aging move forward together. Although, not all age-related molecules are involved with VA, some molecules are involved in a crosstalk between both of them. However, the cellular mechanism by which, vascular cells are phenotypically shifted to arterial remodeling, is not only involved in aging but also linked to VA. Additionally, patients with hypertension and atherosclerosis are susceptible to VA, while amyloidosis alone may provide fertile soil for the initiation and progression of subsequent hypertension and atherosclerosis. It is known that hypertension, atherosclerosis and amyloidosis can be viewed as accelerated aging. This review summarizes the available experimental and clinical evidence to help the reader to understand the advance and underlying mechanisms for VA involvement in and interaction with aging. Taken together, it is clear that VA, hypertension and atherosclerosis are closely intertwined with arterial aging as equal partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxing Feng
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Botao Shen
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Waiou Zhao
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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33
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Ooishi T, Nadano D, Matsuda T, Oshima K. Extracellular vesicle-mediated MFG-E8 localization in the extracellular matrix is required for its integrin-dependent function in mouse mammary epithelial cells. Genes Cells 2017; 22:885-899. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ooishi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Daita Nadano
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Kenzi Oshima
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences; Nagoya University; Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
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34
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Davies HA, Rigden DJ, Phelan MM, Madine J. Probing Medin Monomer Structure and its Amyloid Nucleation Using 13C-Direct Detection NMR in Combination with Structural Bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45224. [PMID: 28327552 PMCID: PMC5361114 DOI: 10.1038/srep45224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic medial amyloid is the most prevalent amyloid found to date, but remarkably little is known about it. It is characterised by aberrant deposition of a 5.4 kDa protein called medin within the medial layer of large arteries. Here we employ a combined approach of ab initio protein modelling and 13C-direct detection NMR to generate a model for soluble monomeric medin comprising a stable core of three β-strands and shorter more labile strands at the termini. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that detachment of the short, C-terminal β-strand from the soluble fold exposes key amyloidogenic regions as a potential site of nucleation enabling dimerisation and subsequent fibril formation. This mechanism resembles models proposed for several other amyloidogenic proteins suggesting that despite variations in sequence and protomer structure these proteins may share a common pathway for amyloid nucleation and subsequent protofibril and fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. Davies
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Daniel J. Rigden
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Marie M. Phelan
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Jillian Madine
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB, UK
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Abstract
Amyloidoses are a spectrum of disorders caused by abnormal folding and extracellular deposition of proteins. The deposits lead to tissue damage and organ dysfunction, particularly in the heart, kidneys, and nerves. There are at least 30 different proteins that can cause amyloidosis. The clinical management depends entirely on the type of protein deposited, and thus on the underlying pathogenesis, and often requires high-risk therapeutic intervention. Application of mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies for analysis of amyloid plaques has transformed the way amyloidosis is diagnosed and classified. Proteomic assays have been extensively used for clinical management of patients with amyloidosis, providing unprecedented diagnostic and biological information. They have shed light on the pathogenesis of different amyloid types and have led to identification of numerous new amyloid types, including ALECT2 amyloidosis, which is now recognized as one of the most common causes of systemic amyloidosis in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Dogan
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065;
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In vitro disintegration of goat brain cystatin fibrils using conventional and gemini surfactants: Putative therapeutic intervention in amyloidoses. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:493-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Oxidative Stress Alters the Morphology and Toxicity of Aortic Medial Amyloid. Biophys J 2016; 109:2363-70. [PMID: 26636947 PMCID: PMC4675884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation and fibril deposition of amyloid proteins have been implicated in a range of neurodegenerative and vascular diseases, and yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we use a combination of cell-based assays, biophysical analysis, and atomic force microscopy to investigate the potential involvement of oxidative stress in aortic medial amyloid (AMA) pathogenesis and deposition. We show that medin, the main constituent of AMA, can induce an environment rich in oxidative species, increasing superoxide and reducing bioavailable nitric oxide in human cells. We investigate the role that this oxidative environment may play in altering the aggregation process of medin and identify potential posttranslational modification sites where site-specific modification and interaction can be unambiguously demonstrated. In an oxidizing environment, medin is nitrated at tyrosine and tryptophan residues, with resultant effects on morphology that lead to longer fibrils with increased toxicity. This provides further motivation to investigate the role of oxidative stress in AMA pathogenicity.
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Nizhnikov AA, Antonets KS, Inge-Vechtomov SG. Amyloids: from Pathogenesis to Function. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:1127-44. [PMID: 26555466 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915090047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The term "amyloids" refers to fibrillar protein aggregates with cross-β structure. They have been a subject of intense scrutiny since the middle of the previous century. First, this interest is due to association of amyloids with dozens of incurable human diseases called amyloidoses, which affect hundreds of millions of people. However, during the last decade the paradigm of amyloids as pathogens has changed due to an increase in understanding of their role as a specific variant of quaternary protein structure essential for the living cell. Thus, functional amyloids are found in all domains of the living world, and they fulfill a variety of roles ranging from biofilm formation in bacteria to long-term memory regulation in higher eukaryotes. Prions, which are proteins capable of existing under the same conditions in two or more conformations at least one of which having infective properties, also typically have amyloid features. There are weighty reasons to believe that the currently known amyloids are only a minority of their real number. This review provides a retrospective analysis of stages in the development of amyloid biology that during the last decade resulted, on one hand, in reinterpretation of the biological role of amyloids, and on the other hand, in the development of systems biology of amyloids, or amyloidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Nizhnikov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
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Smooth muscle titin forms in vitro amyloid aggregates. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160066. [PMID: 27129292 PMCID: PMC5293577 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are insoluble fibrous protein aggregates, and their accumulation is associated with amyloidosis and many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we report that smooth muscle titin (SMT; 500 kDa) from chicken gizzard forms amyloid aggregates in vitro. This conclusion is supported by EM data, fluorescence analysis using thioflavin T (ThT), Congo red (CR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Our dynamic light scattering (DLS) data show that titin forms in vitro amyloid aggregates with a hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of approximately 700–4500 nm. The initial titin aggregates with Rh approximately 700 nm were observed beyond first 20 min its aggregation that shows a high rate of amyloid formation by this protein. We also showed using confocal microscopy the cytotoxic effect of SMT amyloid aggregates on smooth muscle cells from bovine aorta. This effect involves the disorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and result is cell damage. Cumulatively, our results indicate that titin may be involved in generation of amyloidosis in smooth muscles.
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40
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Castellanos ER, Ciferri C, Phung W, Sandoval W, Matsumoto ML. Expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant human and murine milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 124:10-22. [PMID: 27102803 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG-E8), as its name suggests, is a major glycoprotein component of milk fat globules secreted by the mammary epithelium. Although its role in milk fat production is unclear, MFG-E8 has been shown to act as a bridge linking apoptotic cells to phagocytes for removal of these dying cells. MFG-E8 is capable of bridging these two very different cell types via interactions through both its epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain(s) and its lectin-type C domains. The EGF-like domain interacts with αVβ3 and αVβ5 integrins on the surface of phagocytes, whereas the C domains bind phosphatidylserine found on the surface of apoptotic cells. In an attempt to purify full-length, recombinant MFG-E8 expressed in either insect cells or CHO cells, we find that it is highly aggregated. Systematic truncation of the domain architecture of MFG-E8 indicates that the C domains are mainly responsible for the aggregation propensity. Addition of Triton X-100 to the conditioned cell culture media allowed partial recovery of non-aggregated, full-length MFG-E8. A more comprehensive detergent screen identified CHAPS as a stabilizer of MFG-E8 and allowed purification of a significant portion of non-aggregated, full-length protein. The CHAPS-stabilized recombinant MFG-E8 retained its natural ability to bind both αVβ3 and αVβ5 integrins and phosphatidylserine suggesting that it is properly folded and active. Herein we describe an efficient purification method for production of non-aggregated, full-length MFG-E8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick R Castellanos
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Claudio Ciferri
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wilson Phung
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wendy Sandoval
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Marissa L Matsumoto
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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Davies HA, Phelan MM, Madine J. 1H, 15N and 13C assignment of the amyloidogenic protein medin using fast-pulsing NMR techniques. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2016; 10:75-77. [PMID: 26377205 PMCID: PMC4788682 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-015-9641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-one proteins are known to form extracellular fibrillar amyloid in humans. Molecular information about many of these proteins in their monomeric, intermediate or fibrillar form and how they aggregate and interact to form the insoluble fibrils is sparse. This is because amyloid proteins are notoriously difficult to study in their soluble forms, due to their inherent propensity to aggregate. Using recent developments in fast NMR techniques, band-selective excitation short transient and band-selective optimized flip-angle short-transient heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence we have been able to assign a 5 kDa full-length amyloidogenic protein called medin. Medin is the key protein component of the most common form of localised amyloid with a proposed role in aortic aneurysm and dissection. This assignment will now enable the study of the early interactions that could influence initiation and progression of medin aggregation. The chemical shifts have been deposited in the BioMagRes-Bank accession Nos. 25399 and 26576.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Davies
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - M M Phelan
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - J Madine
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
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Abstract
Amyloid-reactive IgGs isolated from pooled blood of normal individuals (pAbs) have demonstrated clinical utility for amyloid diseases by in vivo targeting and clearing amyloidogenic proteins and peptides. We now report the following three novel findings on pAb conformer's binding to amyloidogenic aggregates: 1) pAb aggregates have greater activity than monomers (HMW species > dimers > monomers), 2) pAbs interactions with amyloidogenic aggregates at least partially involves unconventional (non-CDR) interactions of F(ab) regions, and 3) pAb's activity can be easily modulated by trace aggregates generated during sample processing. Specifically, we show that HMW aggregates and dimeric pAbs present in commercial preparations of pAbs, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), had up to ~200- and ~7-fold stronger binding to aggregates of Aβ and transthyretin (TTR) than the monomeric antibody. Notably, HMW aggregates were primarily responsible for the enhanced anti-amyloid activities of Aβ- and Cibacron blue-isolated IVIg IgGs. Human pAb conformer's binding to amyloidogenic aggregates was retained in normal human sera, and mimicked by murine pAbs isolated from normal pooled plasmas. An unconventional (non-CDR) component to pAb's activity was indicated from control human mAbs, generated against non-amyloid targets, binding to aggregated Aβ and TTR. Similar to pAbs, HMW and dimeric mAb conformers bound stronger than their monomeric forms to amyloidogenic aggregates. However, mAbs had lower maximum binding signals, indicating that pAbs were required to saturate a diverse collection of binding sites. Taken together, our findings strongly support further investigations on the physiological function and clinical utility of the inherent anti-amyloid activities of monomeric but not aggregated IgGs.
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Pachahara SK, Nagaraj R. Probing the role of aromatic residues in the self-assembly of Aβ(16-22) in fluorinated alcohols and their aqueous mixtures. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 2:1-13. [PMID: 29124140 PMCID: PMC5668628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aβ(16–22) sequence KLVFFAE spans the hydrophobic core of the Aβ peptide and plays an important role in its self-assembly. Apart from forming amyloid fibrils, Aβ(16–22) can self-associate into highly ordered nanotubes and ribbon-like structures depending on the composition of solvent used for dissolution. The Aβ(16–22) sequence which has FF at the 19th and 20th positions would be a good model to investigate peptide self-assembly in the context of aromatic interactions. In this study, self-assembly of Aβ(16–22) and its aromatic analogs obtained by replacement of F19, F20 or both by Y or W was examined after dissolution in fluorinated alcohols and their aqueous mixtures in solvent cluster forming conditions. The results indicate that the presence of aromatic residues Y and W and their position in the sequence plays an important role in self-assembly. We observe the formation of amyloid fibrils and other self-assembled structures such as spheres, rings and beads. Our results indicate that 20% HFIP is more favourable for amyloid fibril formation as compared to 20% TFE, when F is replaced with Y or W. The dissolution of peptides in DMSO followed by evaporation of solvent and dissolution in water appears to greatly influence peptide conformation, morphology and cross-β content of self-assembled structures. Our study shows that positioning of aromatic residues F, Y and W have an important role in directing self-assembly of the peptides. Effect of fluorinated alcohols on the aggregation of Aβ(16–22) and analogs was investigated. Replacement of F by Y and W in the Aβ(16–22) sequence modulates self-assembly. Positions of F, Y, W in Aβ(16–22) plays an important role in self-assembly.
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Davies HA, Madine J, Middleton DA. Comparisons with amyloid-β reveal an aspartate residue that stabilizes fibrils of the aortic amyloid peptide medin. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:7791-803. [PMID: 25614623 PMCID: PMC4367279 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.602177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic medial amyloid (AMA) is the most common localized human amyloid, occurring in virtually all of the Caucasian population over the age of 50. The main protein component of AMA, medin, readily assembles into amyloid-like fibrils in vitro. Despite the prevalence of AMA, little is known about the self-assembly mechanism of medin or the molecular architecture of the fibrils. The amino acid sequence of medin is strikingly similar to the sequence of the Alzheimer disease (AD) amyloid-β (Aβ) polypeptides around the structural turn region of Aβ, where mutations associated with familial, early onset AD, have been identified. Asp(25) and Lys(30) of medin align with residues Asp(23) and Lys(28) of Aβ, which are known to form a stabilizing salt bridge in some fibril morphologies. Here we show that substituting Asp(25) of medin with asparagine (D25N) impedes assembly into fibrils and stabilizes non-cytotoxic oligomers. Wild-type medin, by contrast, aggregates into β-sheet-rich amyloid-like fibrils within 50 h. A structural analysis of wild-type fibrils by solid-state NMR suggests a molecular repeat unit comprising at least two extended β-strands, separated by a turn stabilized by a Asp(25)-Lys(30) salt bridge. We propose that Asp(25) drives the assembly of medin by stabilizing the fibrillar conformation of the peptide and is thus reminiscent of the influence of Asp(23) on the aggregation of Aβ. Pharmacological comparisons of wild-type medin and D25N will help to ascertain the pathological significance of this poorly understood protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A Davies
- From the Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom and
| | - Jillian Madine
- From the Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom and
| | - David A Middleton
- the Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
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Westermark P. Localized Amyloidoses and Amyloidoses Associated with Aging Outside the Central Nervous System. CURRENT CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19294-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Expression and purification of the aortic amyloid polypeptide medin. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 98:32-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Wang M, Wang HH, Lakatta EG. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor VIII signaling in arterial wall remodeling. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2014; 11:768-76. [PMID: 22272902 DOI: 10.2174/1570161111311050014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arterial inflammation and remodeling, important sequellae of advancing age, are linked to the pathogenesis of age-associated arterial diseases e.g. hypertension, atherosclerosis, and metabolic disorders. Recently, high-throughput proteomic screening has identified milk fat globule epidermal growth factor VIII (MFG-E8) as a novel local biomarker for aging arterial walls. Additional studies have shown that MFG-E8 is also an element of the arterial inflammatory signaling network. The transcription, translation, and signaling levels of MFG-E8 are increased in aged, atherosclerotic, hypertensive, and diabetic arterial walls in vivo as well as activated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and a subset of macrophages in vitro. In VSMC, MFG-E8 increases proliferation and invasion as well as the secretion of inflammatory molecules. In endothelial cells (EC), MFG-E8 facilitates apoptosis. In addition, MFG-E8 has been found to be an essential component of the endothelial-derived microparticles that relay biosignals and modulate arterial wall phenotypes. This review mainly focuses upon the landscape of MFG-E8 expression and signaling in adverse arterial remodeling. Recent discoveries have suggested that MFG-E8 associated interventions are novel approaches for the retardation of the enhanced rates of VSMC proliferation and EC apoptosis that accompany arterial wall inflammation and remodeling during aging and age-associated arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging-National Institutes of Health, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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48
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Saini A, Chauhan VS. Self-assembling properties of peptides derived from TDP-43 C-terminal fragment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:3845-3856. [PMID: 24559403 DOI: 10.1021/la404710w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two highly fibrillogenic peptide sequences (MNFGAFSINP and EDLIIKGISV) were previously reported in the C-terminal fragment (CTF) of TDP-43 (220-414), a protein recently implicated in neuro-degenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-U). It was observed that the sequences MNFGAFS and EDLIIKG harbor their respective fibrillogenic domains. Here, the self-assembling properties of peptides obtained by systematic deletion of residues from these two sequences were investigated with the help of light scattering, thioflavin T fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. It was found that the pentapeptide NFGAF and the tetrapeptide DLII are the shortest fibrillogenic sequences from MNFGAFS and EDLIIKG, respectively. Structure function studies revealed that self-assembly of the peptides is largely governed by hydrophobic interactions. Both NFGAF and DLII formed hydrogels based on a complex fibrillar network, at relatively low concentrations, and of remarkable strength and stability. Of particular interest was DLII, a rare aliphatic tetrapeptide that formed a hydrogel at a concentration of 1 mg/mL in less than an hour. Interestingly, various other tetrapeptides based on DLII (YLII, KLII, NLII, and LIID) also formed hydrogels of comparable physical properties, suggesting that an amphipathic peptide design based on the hydrophobic LII motif and a single residue polar terminus is highly favorable for hydrogelation. Peptides discovered in this study, especially DLII and its variants, are some of the shortest ever reported to show such structural and functional features, suggesting that they can be useful templates for the design of peptide-based soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Saini
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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Wang M, Jiang L, Monticone RE, Lakatta EG. Proinflammation: the key to arterial aging. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:72-9. [PMID: 24365513 PMCID: PMC3917314 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Arterial aging is the major contributing factor to increases in the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease, due mainly to the presence of chronic, low-grade, 'sterile' arterial inflammation. Inflammatory signaling driven by the angiotensin II cascade perpetrates adverse age-associated arterial structural and functional remodeling. The aged artery is characterized by endothelial disruption, enhanced vascular smooth muscle cell (VMSC) migration and proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, elastin fracture, and matrix calcification/amyloidosis/glycation. Importantly, the molecular mechanisms of arterial aging are also relevant to the pathogenesis of hypertension and atherosclerosis. Age-associated arterial proinflammation is to some extent mutable, and interventions to suppress or delay it may have the potential to ameliorate or retard age-associated arterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Liqun Jiang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Robert E Monticone
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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50
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Castellano J, Badimon L, Llorente-Cortés V. Amyloid-β increases metallo- and cysteine protease activities in human macrophages. J Vasc Res 2013; 51:58-67. [PMID: 24335416 DOI: 10.1159/000356334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. Macrophages are a source of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cysteine proteases and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in the vascular wall. The aims of this study were to analyze the capacity of Aβ peptide (1-40) (Aβ40), Aβ peptide (1-42) (Aβ42) and fibrillar Aβ42 (fAβ42) to modulate the expression and activity of MMP-9, MMP-2 and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM). Additionally, we analyzed whether Aβ internalization alters the secretion of cathepsin S (CatS) and TGF-β1 by macrophages. METHODS HMDM were exposed to native and fibrillar Aβ. MMPs and TIMP-1 expression was analyzed by real-time PCR, and MMP abundance by zymography. Protein levels of precursor and active forms of CatS were analyzed by Western blot and TGF-β1 levels by ELISA. RESULTS Aβ40, Aβ42 and especially fAβ42 strongly induced MMP-9/MMP-2 levels. Moreover, we showed enhanced active CatS and reduced TGF-β1 protein levels in the secretome of Aβ42 and fAβ42-exposed macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Aβ can regulate the proinflammatory state of human macrophages by inducing metallo- and cysteine protease levels and by reducing TGF-β1 secretion. These effects may be crucial in atherosclerosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Castellano
- Cardiovascular Research Center CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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