1
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Firdaus S, Boye S, Janke A, Friedel P, Janaszewska A, Appelhans D, Müller M, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Voit B, Lederer A. Advancing Antiamyloidogenic Activity by Fine-Tuning Macromolecular Topology. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5797-5806. [PMID: 37939018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid β peptide can aggregate into thin β-sheet fibrils or plaques deposited on the extracellular matrix, which is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Multifunctional macromolecular structures play an important role in inhibiting the aggregate formation of amyloidogenic materials and thus are promising candidates with antiamyloidogenic characteristics for the development of next-generation therapeutics. In this study, we evaluate how small differences in the dendritic topology of these structures influence their antiamyloidogenic activity by the comparison of "perfectly dendritic" and "pseudodendritic" macromolecules, both decorated with mannose units. Their compactness, the position of surface units, and the size of glyco-architectures influence their antiamyloidogenic activity against Aβ 40, a major component of amyloid plaques. For the advanced analysis of the aggregation of the Aβ peptide, we introduce asymmetric flow field flow fractionation as a suitable method for the quantification of large and delicate structures. This alternative method focuses on the quantification of complex aggregates of Aβ 40 and glycodendrimer/glyco-pseudodendrimer over different time intervals of incubation, showing a good correlation to ThT assay and CD spectroscopy results. Kinetic studies of the second-generation glyco-pseudodendrimer revealed maximum inhibition of Aβ 40 aggregates, verified with atomic force microscopy. The second-generation glyco-pseudodendrimer shows the best antiamyloidogenic properties confirming that macromolecular conformation in combination with optimal functional group distribution is the key to its performance. These molecular properties were validated and confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamila Firdaus
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Janke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Friedel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Łódź, Poland
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Łódź, Poland
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
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2
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Moreira DA, Santos SD, Leiro V, Pêgo AP. Dendrimers and Derivatives as Multifunctional Nanotherapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041054. [PMID: 37111540 PMCID: PMC10140951 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia. It affects more than 30 million people worldwide and costs over US$ 1.3 trillion annually. AD is characterized by the brain accumulation of amyloid β peptide in fibrillar structures and the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates in neurons, both leading to toxicity and neuronal death. At present, there are only seven drugs approved for the treatment of AD, of which only two can slow down cognitive decline. Moreover, their use is only recommended for the early stages of AD, meaning that the major portion of AD patients still have no disease-modifying treatment options. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient therapies for AD. In this context, nanobiomaterials, and dendrimers in particular, offer the possibility of developing multifunctional and multitargeted therapies. Due to their intrinsic characteristics, dendrimers are first-in-class macromolecules for drug delivery. They have a globular, well-defined, and hyperbranched structure, controllable nanosize and multivalency, which allows them to act as efficient and versatile nanocarriers of different therapeutic molecules. In addition, different types of dendrimers display antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-prion, and most importantly for the AD field, anti-amyloidogenic properties. Therefore, dendrimers can not only be excellent nanocarriers, but also be used as drugs per se. Here, the outstanding properties of dendrimers and derivatives that make them excellent AD nanotherapeutics are reviewed and critically discussed. The biological properties of several dendritic structures (dendrimers, derivatives, and dendrimer-like polymers) that enable them to be used as drugs for AD treatment will be pointed out and the chemical and structural characteristics behind those properties will be analysed. The reported use of these nanomaterials as nanocarriers in AD preclinical research is also presented. Finally, future perspectives and challenges that need to be overcome to make their use in the clinic a reality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora A Moreira
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FEUP-Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia D Santos
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victoria Leiro
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P Pêgo
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Sorokina SA, Shifrina ZB. Dendrimers as Antiamyloid Agents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040760. [PMID: 35456594 PMCID: PMC9031116 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimer–protein conjugates have significant prospects for biological applications. The complexation changes the biophysical behavior of both proteins and dendrimers. The dendrimers could influence the secondary structure of proteins, zeta-potential, distribution of charged regions on the surface, the protein–protein interactions, etc. These changes offer significant possibilities for the application of these features in nanotheranostics and biomedicine. Based on the dendrimer–protein interactions, several therapeutic applications of dendrimers have emerged. Thus, the formation of stable complexes retains the disordered proteins on the aggregation, which is especially important in neurodegenerative diseases. To clarify the origin of these properties and assess the efficiency of action, the mechanism of protein–dendrimer interaction and the nature and driving force of binding are considered in this review. The review outlines the antiamyloid activity of dendrimers and discusses the effect of dendrimer structures and external factors on their antiamyloid properties.
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4
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Teruya K, Doh-Ura K. Therapeutic development of polymers for prion disease. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 392:349-365. [PMID: 35307792 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03604-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases, also known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, are caused by the accumulation of abnormal isoforms of the prion protein (scrapie isoform of the prion protein, PrPSc) in the central nervous system. Many compounds with anti-prion activities have been found using in silico screening, in vitro models, persistently prion-infected cell models, and prion-infected rodent models. Some of these compounds include several types of polymers. Although the inhibition or removal of PrPSc production is the main target of therapy, the unique features of prions, namely protein aggregation and assembly accompanied by steric structural transformation, may require different strategies for the development of anti-prion drugs than those for conventional therapeutics targeting enzyme inhibition, agonist ligands, or modulation of signaling. In this paper, we first overview the history of the application of polymers to prion disease research. Next, we describe the characteristics of each type of polymer with anti-prion activity. Finally, we discuss the common features of these polymers. Although drug delivery of these polymers to the brain is a challenge, they are useful not only as leads for therapeutic drugs but also as tools to explore the structure of PrPSc and are indispensable for prion disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Teruya
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Katsumi Doh-Ura
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
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Ferrer-Lorente R, Lozano-Cruz T, Fernández-Carasa I, Miłowska K, de la Mata FJ, Bryszewska M, Consiglio A, Ortega P, Gómez R, Raya A. Cationic Carbosilane Dendrimers Prevent Abnormal α-Synuclein Accumulation in Parkinson's Disease Patient-Specific Dopamine Neurons. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4582-4591. [PMID: 34613701 PMCID: PMC8906628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Accumulation
of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) is a
hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) thought to play important
roles in the pathophysiology of the disease. Dendritic systems, able
to modulate the folding of proteins, have emerged as promising new
therapeutic strategies for PD treatment. Dendrimers have been shown
to be effective at inhibiting α-syn aggregation in cell-free
systems and in cell lines. Here, we set out to investigate the effects
of dendrimers on endogenous α-syn accumulation in disease-relevant
cell types from PD patients. For this purpose, we chose cationic carbosilane
dendrimers of bow-tie topology based on their performance at inhibiting
α-syn aggregation in vitro. Dopamine neurons
were differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines
generated from PD patients carrying the LRRK2G2019S mutation, which reportedly display
abnormal accumulation of α-syn, and from healthy individuals
as controls. Treatment of PD dopamine neurons with non-cytotoxic concentrations
of dendrimers was effective at preventing abnormal accumulation and
aggregation of α-syn. Our results in a genuinely human experimental
model of PD highlight the therapeutic potential of dendritic systems
and open the way to developing safe and efficient therapies for delaying
or even halting PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ferrer-Lorente
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia─P-CMR[C], L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge─IDIBELL, Barcelona 08907, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Tania Lozano-Cruz
- University of Alcalá, Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Carasa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Universitat de Barcelona and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge─IDIBELL, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Katarzyna Miłowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain.,University of Alcalá, Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Antonella Consiglio
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Universitat de Barcelona and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge─IDIBELL, Barcelona 08907, Spain.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25121, Italy
| | - Paula Ortega
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain.,University of Alcalá, Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain.,University of Alcalá, Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Madrid 28805, Spain
| | - Angel Raya
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia─P-CMR[C], L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge─IDIBELL, Barcelona 08907, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08907, Spain
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6
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Abstract
Introduction: Prion diseases are a class of rare and fatal neurodegenerative diseases for which no cure is currently available. They are characterized by conformational conversion of cellular prion protein (PrPC) into the disease-associated 'scrapie' isoform (PrPSc). Under an etiological point of view, prion diseases can be divided into acquired, genetic, and idiopathic form, the latter of which are the most frequent.Areas covered: Therapeutic approaches targeting prion diseases are based on the use of chemical and nature-based compounds, targeting either PrPC or PrPSc or other putative player in pathogenic mechanism. Other proposed anti-prion treatments include passive and active immunization strategies, peptides, aptamers, and PrPC-directed RNA interference techniques. The treatment efficacy has been mainly assessed in cell lines or animal models of the disease testing their ability to reduce prion accumulation.Expert opinion: The assessed strategies focussing on the identification of an efficient anti-prion therapy faced various issues, which go from permeation of the blood brain barrier to immunological tolerance of the host. Indeed, the use of combinatory approaches, which could boost a synergistic anti-prion effect and lower the potential side effects of single treatments and may represent an extreme powerful and feasible way to tackle prion disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zattoni
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Legname
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
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7
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Kamat S, Kumari M. Repurposing Chloroquine Against Multiple Diseases With Special Attention to SARS-CoV-2 and Associated Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:576093. [PMID: 33912030 PMCID: PMC8072386 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.576093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroquine and its derivatives have been used since ages to treat malaria and have also been approved by the FDA to treat autoimmune diseases. The drug employs pH-dependent inhibition of functioning and signalling of the endosome, lysosome and trans-Golgi network, immunomodulatory actions, inhibition of autophagy and interference with receptor binding to treat cancer and many viral diseases. The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has brought the whole world on the knees, seeking an urgent hunt for an anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug. Chloroquine has shown to inhibit receptor binding of the viral particles, interferes with their replication and inhibits "cytokine storm". Though multiple modes of actions have been employed by chloroquine against multiple diseases, viral diseases can provide an added advantage to establish the anti-SARS-CoV-2 mechanism, the in vitro and in vivo trials against SARS-CoV-2 have yielded mixed results. The toxicological effects and dosage optimization of chloroquine have been studied for many diseases, though it needs a proper evaluation again as chloroquine is also associated with several toxicities. Moreover, the drug is inexpensive and is readily available in many countries. Though much of the hope has been created by chloroquine and its derivatives against multiple diseases, repurposing it against SARS-CoV-2 requires large scale, collaborative, randomized and unbiased clinical trials to avoid false promises. This review summarizes the use and the mechanism of chloroquine against multiple diseases, its side-effects, mechanisms and the different clinical trials ongoing against "COVID-19".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madhuree Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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8
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Human cerebral organoids as a therapeutic drug screening model for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5165. [PMID: 33727594 PMCID: PMC7943797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a fatal, currently incurable, neurodegenerative disease. The search for candidate treatments would be greatly facilitated by the availability of human cell-based models of prion disease. Recently, an induced pluripotent stem cell derived human cerebral organoid model was shown to take up and propagate human CJD prions. This model offers new opportunities to screen drug candidates for the treatment of human prion diseases in an entirely human genetic background. Here we provide the first evidence that human cerebral organoids can be a viable model for CJD drug screening by using an established anti-prion compound, pentosan polysulfate (PPS). PPS delayed prion propagation in a prophylactic-like treatment paradigm and also alleviated propagation when applied following establishment of infection in a therapeutic-like treatment paradigm. This study demonstrates the utility of cerebral organoids as the first human 3D cell culture system for screening therapeutic drug candidates for human prion diseases.
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Ortega MÁ, Guzmán Merino A, Fraile-Martínez O, Recio-Ruiz J, Pekarek L, G. Guijarro L, García-Honduvilla N, Álvarez-Mon M, Buján J, García-Gallego S. Dendrimers and Dendritic Materials: From Laboratory to Medical Practice in Infectious Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090874. [PMID: 32937793 PMCID: PMC7560085 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are one of the main global public health risks, predominantly caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. The control of infections is founded on three main pillars: prevention, treatment, and diagnosis. However, the appearance of microbial resistance has challenged traditional strategies and demands new approaches. Dendrimers are a type of polymeric nanoparticles whose nanometric size, multivalency, biocompatibility, and structural perfection offer boundless possibilities in multiple biomedical applications. This review provides the reader a general overview about the uses of dendrimers and dendritic materials in the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of highly prevalent infectious diseases, and their advantages compared to traditional approaches. Examples of dendrimers as antimicrobial agents per se, as nanocarriers of antimicrobial drugs, as well as their uses in gene transfection, in vaccines or as contrast agents in imaging assays are presented. Despite the need to address some challenges in order to be used in the clinic, dendritic materials appear as an innovative tool with a brilliant future ahead in the clinical management of infectious diseases and many other health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.Á.O.); (A.G.M.); (O.F.-M.); (L.P.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Registry, Pathological Anatomy Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Guzmán Merino
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.Á.O.); (A.G.M.); (O.F.-M.); (L.P.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.Á.O.); (A.G.M.); (O.F.-M.); (L.P.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
| | - Judith Recio-Ruiz
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.Á.O.); (A.G.M.); (O.F.-M.); (L.P.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Department of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Networking Research Centre on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBER-EHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.Á.O.); (A.G.M.); (O.F.-M.); (L.P.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.Á.O.); (A.G.M.); (O.F.-M.); (L.P.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology and Medicine Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.Á.O.); (A.G.M.); (O.F.-M.); (L.P.); (N.G.-H.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.)
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Registry, Pathological Anatomy Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra García-Gallego
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Choe R, Il Yun S. Fmoc-diphenylalanine-based hydrogels as a potential carrier for drug delivery. E-POLYMERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2020-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSelf-assembled hydrogels from 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-modified diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) peptides were evaluated as potential vehicles for drug delivery. During self-assembly of Fmoc-FF, high concentrations of indomethacin (IDM) drugs were shown to be incorporated into the hydrogels. The β-sheet arrangement of peptides was found to be predominant in Fmoc-FF–IDM hydrogels regardless of the IDM content. The release mechanism for IDM displayed a biphasic profile comprising an initial hydrogel erosion-dominated stage followed by the diffusion-controlled stage. Small amounts of polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) added to the hydrogel (Fmoc-FF 0.5%–IDM 0.5%–PAMAM 0.03%) resulted in a more prolonged IDM release compared with Fmoc-FF 0.5%–IDM 0.5% hydrogel. Furthermore, these IDM-loaded hydrogels demonstrated excellent thixotropic response and injectability, which make them suitable candidates for use as injectable self-healing matrices for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjoo Choe
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Il Yun
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, Republic of Korea
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11
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Caballero AB, Gamez P. Nanochaperone-Based Strategies to Control Protein Aggregation Linked to Conformational Diseases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:41-52. [PMID: 32706460 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The generation of highly organized amyloid fibrils is associated with a wide range of conformational pathologies, including primarily neurodegenerative diseases. Such disorders are characterized by misfolded proteins that lose their normal physiological roles and acquire toxicity. Recent findings suggest that proteostasis network impairment may be one of the causes leading to the accumulation and spread of amyloids. These observations are certainly contributing to a new focus in anti-amyloid drug design, whose efforts are so far being centered on single-target approaches aimed at inhibiting amyloid aggregation. Chaperones, known to maintain proteostasis, hence represent interesting targets for the development of novel therapeutics owing to their potential protective role against protein misfolding diseases. In this minireview, research on nanoparticles that can either emulate or help molecular chaperones in recognizing and/or correcting protein misfolding is discussed. The nascent concept of "nanochaperone" may indeed set future directions towards the development of cost-effective, disease-modifying drugs to treat several currently fatal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Caballero
- nanoBIC, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrick Gamez
- nanoBIC, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Caballero AB, Gamez P. Nanochaperone‐Based Strategies to Control Protein Aggregation Linked to Conformational Diseases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Caballero
- nanoBIC Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès, 1–11 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB) Universitat de Barcelona 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Patrick Gamez
- nanoBIC Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès, 1–11 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB) Universitat de Barcelona 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
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13
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Inactivation of Scrapie Prions by the Electrically Charged Disinfectant CAC-717. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9070536. [PMID: 32635278 PMCID: PMC7400677 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9070536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that the electrically charged disinfectant CAC-717 has strong virucidal and bactericidal effects but is safe for humans and animals. In this study, CAC-717 was further evaluated for its potential effects as a disinfectant against scrapie prions. Western blotting showed that CAC-717 reduced the amount of the abnormal isoform of prion protein (PrPSc) in prion-infected cell (ScN2a) lysates. Furthermore, the reduction of prion transmissibility was confirmed by a mouse bioassay, in which mice injected with scrapie prions pre-treated with CAC-717 survived longer than those injected with untreated scrapie prions. Lastly, to evaluate the seeding activity of ScN2a cell lysates treated with CAC-717, quantitative protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) was performed directly on ScN2a cell lysates treated with CAC-717, which showed that the median dose of PMCA (PMCA50) dropped from log9.95 to log5.20 after CAC-717 treatment, indicating more than a 4 log reduction. This suggests that the seeding activity of PrPSc is decreased by CAC-717. Collectively, these results suggest that CAC-717 has anti-prion activity, reducing both PrPSc conversion activity and prion transmissibility; thus, CAC-717 will be useful as a novel disinfectant in prion diseases.
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14
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Esmaili M, Tancowny BP, Wang X, Moses A, Cortez LM, Sim VL, Wille H, Overduin M. Native nanodiscs formed by styrene maleic acid copolymer derivatives help recover infectious prion multimers bound to brain-derived lipids. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8460-8469. [PMID: 32358064 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prions are lipidated proteins that interact with endogenous lipids and metal ions. They also assemble into multimers and propagate into the infectious scrapie form known as PrPSc The high-resolution structure of the infectious PrPSc state remains unknown, and its analysis largely relies on detergent-based preparations devoid of endogenous ligands. Here we designed polymers that allow isolation of endogenous membrane:protein assemblies in native nanodiscs without exposure to conventional detergents that destabilize protein structures and induce fibrillization. A set of styrene-maleic acid (SMA) polymers including a methylamine derivative facilitated gentle release of the infectious complexes for resolution of multimers, and a thiol-containing version promoted crystallization. Polymer extraction from brain homogenates from Syrian hamsters infected with Hyper prions and WT mice infected with Rocky Mountain Laboratories prions yielded infectious prion nanoparticles including oligomers and microfilaments bound to lipid vesicles. Lipid analysis revealed the brain phospholipids that associate with prion protofilaments, as well as those that are specifically enriched in prion assemblies captured by the methylamine-modified copolymer. A comparison of the infectivity of PrPSc attached to SMA lipid particles in mice and hamsters indicated that these amphipathic polymers offer a valuable tool for high-yield production of intact, detergent-free prions that retain in vivo activity. This native prion isolation method provides an avenue for producing relevant prion:lipid targets and potentially other proteins that form multimeric assemblies and fibrils on membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoore Esmaili
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brian P Tancowny
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiongyao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Audric Moses
- Lipidomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Leonardo M Cortez
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Valerie L Sim
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Holger Wille
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada .,Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Overduin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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15
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Rajpoot K. Nanotechnology-based Targeting of Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Promising Tool for Efficient Delivery of Neuromedicines. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:819-836. [PMID: 31906836 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200106105633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Traditional drug delivery approaches remained ineffective in offering better treatment to various neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). In this context, diverse types of nanocarriers have shown their great potential to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and have emerged as a prominent carrier system in drug delivery. Moreover, nanotechnology-based methods usually involve numerous nanosized carrier platforms, which potentiate the effect of the therapeutic agents in the therapy of NDs especially in diagnosis and drug delivery with negligible side effects. In addition, nanotechnology-based techniques have offered several strategies to cross BBB to intensify the bioavailability of drug moieties in the brain. In the last few years, diverse kinds of nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed by incorporating various biocompatible components (e.g., polysaccharide-based NPs, polymeric NPs, selenium NPs, AuNPs, protein-based NPs, gadolinium NPs, etc.), that showed great therapeutic benefits against NDs. Eventually, this review provides deep insights to explore recent applications of some innovative nanocarriers enclosing active molecules for the efficient treatment of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Rajpoot
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495 009, Chhattisgarh, India
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16
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Abdelaziz DH, Thapa S, Abdulrahman B, Vankuppeveld L, Schatzl HM. Metformin reduces prion infection in neuronal cells by enhancing autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:423-428. [PMID: 31874705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal infectious neurodegenerative disorders in human and animals that are caused by misfolding of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into the infectious isoform PrPSc. No effective treatment is available for prion diseases. Metformin is a first-line medication for treatment of type 2 diabetes which is known to activate AMPK and induce autophagy through the inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR1) signaling. Metformin was reported to be beneficial in various protein misfolding and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases. In this study we investigated the anti-prion effect of metformin in persistently prion-infected neuronal cells. Our data showed that metformin significantly decreased the PrPSc load in the treated cells, as shown by less PK resistant PrP in Western blots and reduced prion conversion activity in Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) assay in both 22L-ScN2a and RML-ScCAD5 cells. Additionally, metformin induced autophagy as shown by higher levels of LC3-II in treated cells compared with control cells. On the other hand, our mouse bioassay showed that oral metformin at a dose of 2 mg/ml in drinking water had no effect on the survival of prion-infected mice. In conclusion, our findings describe the anti-prion effect of metformin in two persistently prion-infected neuronal cell lines. This effect can be explained at least partially by the autophagy inducing activity of metformin. This study sheds light on metformin as an anti-prion candidate for the combination therapy of prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H Abdelaziz
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simrika Thapa
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Basant Abdulrahman
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lauren Vankuppeveld
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hermann M Schatzl
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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17
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Elkhoury K, Russell C, Sanchez-Gonzalez L, Mostafavi A, Williams T, Kahn C, Peppas NA, Arab-Tehrany E, Tamayol A. Soft-Nanoparticle Functionalization of Natural Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900506. [PMID: 31402589 PMCID: PMC6752977 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has emerged as an important research area that provides numerous research tools for the fabrication of biologically functional constructs that can be used in drug discovery, disease modeling, and the treatment of diseased or injured organs. From a materials point of view, scaffolds have become an important part of tissue engineering activities and are usually used to form an environment supporting cellular growth, differentiation, and maturation. Among various materials used as scaffolds, hydrogels based on natural polymers are considered one of the most suitable groups of materials for creating tissue engineering scaffolds. Natural hydrogels, however, do not always provide the physicochemical and biological characteristics and properties required for optimal cell growth. This review discusses the properties and tissue engineering applications of widely used natural hydrogels. In addition, methods of modulation of their physicochemical and biological properties using soft nanoparticles as fillers or reinforcing agents are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carina Russell
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68508, USA
| | | | | | - Tyrell Williams
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68508, USA
| | - Cyril Kahn
- LIBio, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Departments of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68508, USA
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program University of Nebraska-Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198
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18
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Bender H, Noyes N, Annis JL, Hitpas A, Mollnow L, Croak K, Kane S, Wagner K, Dow S, Zabel M. PrPC knockdown by liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes (LSPCs) prolongs survival and normal behavior of prion-infected mice immunotolerant to treatment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219995. [PMID: 31329627 PMCID: PMC6645518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are members of neurodegenerative protein misfolding diseases (NPMDs) that include Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tauopathies, traumatic brain injuries, and chronic traumatic encephalopathies. No known therapeutics extend survival or improve quality of life of humans afflicted with prion disease. We and others developed a new approach to NPMD therapy based on reducing the amount of the normal, host-encoded protein available as substrate for misfolding into pathologic forms, using RNA interference, a catabolic pathway that decreases levels of mRNA encoding a particular protein. We developed a therapeutic delivery system consisting of small interfering RNA (siRNA) complexed to liposomes and addressed to the central nervous system using a targeting peptide derived from rabies virus glycoprotein. These liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes (LSPCs) cross the blood-brain barrier and deliver PrP siRNA to neuronal cells to decrease expression of the normal cellular prion protein, PrPC, which acts as a substrate for prion replication. Here we show that LSPCs can extend survival and improve behavior of prion-infected mice that remain immunotolerant to treatment. LSPC treatment may be a viable therapy for prion and other NPMDs that can improve the quality of life of patients at terminal disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Bender
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Noelle Noyes
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Annis
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Amanda Hitpas
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Luke Mollnow
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Kendra Croak
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Sarah Kane
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Wagner
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Steven Dow
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Mark Zabel
- Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
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19
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Sorokina SA, Stroylova YY, Tishina SA, Shifrina ZB, Muronetz VI. Promising anti-amyloid behavior of cationic pyridylphenylene dendrimers: Role of structural features and mechanism of action. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Recent advances in understanding of the molecular biology of prion diseases and improved clinical diagnostic techniques might allow researchers to think about therapeutic trials in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) patients. Some attempts have been made in the past and various compounds have been tested in single case reports and patient series. Controlled trials are rare. However, in the past few years, it has been demonstrated that clinical trials are feasible. The clinicians might face several specific problems when evaluating the efficacy of the drug in CJD, such as rareness of the disease, lack of appropriate preclinical tests and heterogeneous clinical presentation in humans. These problems have to be carefully addressed in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Zafar
- Clinical Dementia Center and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Georg-August University, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Department, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneeqa Noor
- Clinical Dementia Center and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Georg-August University, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Clinical Dementia Center and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Georg-August University, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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21
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Abstract
Delivery of imaging agents and pharmaceutical payloads to the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for efficient diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases. However, therapeutic delivery is often restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents transport of clinical compounds to their region of interest. This review discusses the methods that have been used to avoid or overcome this barrier, presenting the use of biologically-derived nanomaterial systems as an efficient strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of CNS diseases. Biological nanomaterials have many advantages over synthetic systems, including being biodegradable, biocompatible, easily surface functionalised for conjugation of targeting moieties, and are often able to self-assemble. These abilities are discussed in relation to various systems, including liposomes, dendrimers, and viral nanoparticles.
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22
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Honda R, Yamaguchi KI, Elhelaly AE, Fuji M, Kuwata K. Poly-L-histidine inhibits prion propagation in a prion-infected cell line. Prion 2018; 12:226-233. [PMID: 30074430 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2018.1505395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of lethal neurodegenerative diseases involving the structural conversion of cellular prion protein (PrPC) into the pathogenic isoform (PrPSc) for which no effective treatment is currently available. Previous studies have implicated that a polymeric molecule with a repeating unit, such as pentosane polysulfate and polyamidoamide dendrimers, exhibits a potent anti-prion activity, suggesting that poly-(amino acid)s could be a candidate molecule for inhibiting prion propagation. Here, by screening a series of poly-(amino acid)s in a prion-infected neuroblastoma cell line (GTFK), we identified poly-L-His as a novel anti-prion compound with an IC50 value of 1.8 µg/mL (0.18 µM). This potent anti-prion activity was specific to a high-molecular-weight poly-L-His and absent in monomeric histidine or low-molecular-weight poly-L-His. Solution NMR data indicated that poly-L-His directly binds to the loop region connecting Helix 2 and Helix 3 of PrPC and sterically blocks the structural conversion toward PrPSc. Poly-L-His, however, did not inhibit prion propagation in a prion-infected mouse when administered intraperitoneally, suggesting that the penetration of blood-brain barrier and/or the chemical stability of this polypeptide must be addressed before its application in vivo. Taken together, this study revealed the potential use of poly-L-His as a novel treatment against TSEs. (203 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Honda
- a United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan
| | | | - Abdelazim Elsayed Elhelaly
- a United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Fuji
- a United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan
| | - Kazuo Kuwata
- a United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan.,c Department of Gene and Development , Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University , Gifu , Japan
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23
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Phadwal K, Kurian D, Salamat MKF, MacRae VE, Diack AB, Manson JC. Spermine increases acetylation of tubulins and facilitates autophagic degradation of prion aggregates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10004. [PMID: 29968775 PMCID: PMC6030104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autolysosomal dysfunction and unstable microtubules are hallmarks of chronic neurodegenerative diseases associated with misfolded proteins. Investigation of impaired protein quality control and clearance systems could therefore provide an important avenue for intervention. To investigate this we have used a highly controlled model for protein aggregation, an in vitro prion system. Here we report that prion aggregates traffic via autolysosomes in the cytoplasm. Treatment with the natural polyamine spermine clears aggregates by enhancing autolysosomal flux. We demonstrated this by blocking the formation of mature autophagosomes resulting in accumulation of prion aggregates in the cytoplasm. Further we investigated the mechanism of spermine’s mode of action and we demonstrate that spermine increases the acetylation of microtubules, which is known to facilitate retrograde transport of autophagosomes from the cellular periphery to lysosomes located near the nucleus. We further report that spermine facilitates selective autophagic degradation of prion aggregates by binding to microtubule protein Tubb6. This is the first report in which spermine and the pathways regulated by it are applied as a novel approach towards clearance of misfolded prion protein and we suggest that this may have important implication for the broader family of protein misfolding diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Phadwal
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Dominic Kurian
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | | | - Vicky E MacRae
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Abigail B Diack
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Jean C Manson
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK. .,Centre for Dementia Prevention, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,Edinburgh Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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24
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Kakinen A, Adamcik J, Wang B, Ge X, Mezzenga R, Davis TP, Ding F, Ke PC. Nanoscale inhibition of polymorphic and ambidextrous IAPP amyloid aggregation with small molecules. NANO RESEARCH 2018; 11:3636-3647. [PMID: 30275931 PMCID: PMC6162064 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-017-1930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how small molecules interface amyloid fibrils on the nanoscale is of importance for developing therapeutic treatment against amyloid-based diseases. Here we show, for the first time, that human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) in the fibrillar form is polymorphic and ambidextrous possessing multiple periodicities. Upon interfacing with small molecule epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), IAPP aggregation was rendered off pathway assuming the form of soft and disordered clusters, while mature IAPP fibrils displayed kinks and branching but conserved the twisted fibril morphology. These nanoscale phenomena resulted from competitive interactions between EGCG and the IAPP amyloidogenic region, as well as end capping of the fibrils by the small molecule. This information is crucial to delineating IAPP toxicity implicated in type 2 diabetes and developing new inhibitors against amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Kakinen
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jozef Adamcik
- Food & Soft Materials, Department of Health Science & Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO, E23, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Xinwei Ge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Food & Soft Materials, Department of Health Science & Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO, E23, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Warwick University, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to Raffaele Mezzenga, ; Thomas P. Davis, ; Feng Ding, ; and Pu Chun Ke,
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Address correspondence to Raffaele Mezzenga, ; Thomas P. Davis, ; Feng Ding, ; and Pu Chun Ke,
| | - Pu Chun Ke
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Address correspondence to Raffaele Mezzenga, ; Thomas P. Davis, ; Feng Ding, ; and Pu Chun Ke,
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25
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Moscariello P, Ng DYW, Jansen M, Weil T, Luhmann HJ, Hedrich J. Brain Delivery of Multifunctional Dendrimer Protein Bioconjugates. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700897. [PMID: 29876217 PMCID: PMC5979778 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are undoubtedly among the most alarming diseases humans might face. In treatment of neurological disorders, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a challenging obstacle preventing drug penetration into the brain. Advances in dendrimer chemistry for central nervous system (CNS) treatments are presented here. A poly(amido)amine (PAMAM) dendrimer bioconjugate with a streptavidin adapter for the attachment of dendrons or any biotinylated drug is constructed. In vitro studies on porcine or murine models and in vivo mouse studies are performed and reveal the permeation of dendronized streptavidin (DSA) into the CNS. The bioconjugate is taken up mainly by the caveolae pathway and transported across the BBB via transcytosis escaping from lysosomes. After transcytosis DSA are delivered to astrocytes and neurons. Furthermore, DSA offer high biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. In summary, a new strategy for implementing therapeutic PAMAM function as well as drug delivery in neuropathology is presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Moscariello
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
| | - David Y. W. Ng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Malin Jansen
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Heiko J. Luhmann
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
| | - Jana Hedrich
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
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26
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Longhena F, Spano P, Bellucci A. Targeting of Disordered Proteins by Small Molecules in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2018; 245:85-110. [PMID: 28965171 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The formation of protein aggregates and inclusions in the brain and spinal cord is a common neuropathological feature of a number of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and many others. These are commonly referred as neurodegenerative proteinopathies or protein-misfolding diseases. The main characteristic of protein aggregates in these disorders is the fact that they are enriched in amyloid fibrils. Since protein aggregation is considered to play a central role for the onset of neurodegenerative proteinopathies, research is ongoing to develop strategies aimed at preventing or removing protein aggregation in the brain of affected patients. Numerous studies have shown that small molecule-based approaches may be potentially the most promising for halting protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, several of these compounds have been found to interact with intrinsically disordered proteins and promote their clearing in experimental models. This notwithstanding, at present small molecule inhibitors still awaits achievements for clinical translation. Hopefully, if we determine whether the formation of insoluble inclusions is effectively neurotoxic and find a valid biomarker to assess their protein aggregation-inhibitory activity in the human central nervous system, the use of small molecule inhibitors will be considered as a cure for neurodegenerative protein-misfolding diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Longhena
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa No. 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - PierFranco Spano
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa No. 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa No. 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy.
- Laboratory of Personalized and Preventive Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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27
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Pilkington E, Lai M, Ge X, Stanley WJ, Wang B, Wang M, Kakinen A, Sani MA, Whittaker MR, Gurzov EN, Ding F, Quinn JF, Davis TP, Ke PC. Star Polymers Reduce Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Toxicity via Accelerated Amyloid Aggregation. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4249-4260. [PMID: 29035554 PMCID: PMC5729549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation into amyloid fibrils is a ubiquitous phenomenon across the spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders and type 2 diabetes. A common strategy against amyloidogenesis is to minimize the populations of toxic oligomers and protofibrils by inhibiting protein aggregation with small molecules or nanoparticles. However, melanin synthesis in nature is realized by accelerated protein fibrillation to circumvent accumulation of toxic intermediates. Accordingly, we designed and demonstrated the use of star-shaped poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA) nanostructures for promoting aggregation while ameliorating the toxicity of human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), the peptide involved in glycemic control and the pathology of type 2 diabetes. The binding of PHEA elevated the β-sheet content in IAPP aggregates while rendering a new morphology of "stelliform" amyloids originating from the polymers. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the PHEA arms served as rodlike scaffolds for IAPP binding and subsequently accelerated IAPP aggregation by increased local peptide concentration. The tertiary structure of the star nanoparticles was found to be essential for driving the specific interactions required to impel the accelerated IAPP aggregation. This study sheds new light on the structure-toxicity relationship of IAPP and points to the potential of exploiting star polymers as a new class of therapeutic agents against amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily
H. Pilkington
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - May Lai
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Xinwei Ge
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - William J. Stanley
- St
Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Department
of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bo Wang
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Miaoyi Wang
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Aleksandr Kakinen
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Marc-Antonie Sani
- School of
Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University
of Melbourne, 30 Flemington
Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael R. Whittaker
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Esteban N. Gurzov
- St
Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Department
of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Feng Ding
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - John F. Quinn
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Pu Chun Ke
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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28
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What Is Our Current Understanding of PrP Sc-Associated Neurotoxicity and Its Molecular Underpinnings? Pathogens 2017; 6:pathogens6040063. [PMID: 29194372 PMCID: PMC5750587 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens6040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prion diseases are a collection of fatal, transmissible neurodegenerative diseases that cause rapid onset dementia and ultimately death. Uniquely, the infectious agent is a misfolded form of the endogenous cellular prion protein, termed PrPSc. Despite the identity of the molecular agent remaining the same, PrPSc can cause a range of diseases with hereditary, spontaneous or iatrogenic aetiologies. However, the link between PrPSc and toxicity is complex, with subclinical cases of prion disease discovered, and prion neurodegeneration without obvious PrPSc deposition. The toxic mechanisms by which PrPSc causes the extensive neuropathology are still poorly understood, although recent advances are beginning to unravel the molecular underpinnings, including oxidative stress, disruption of proteostasis and induction of the unfolded protein response. This review will discuss the diseases caused by PrPSc toxicity, the nature of the toxicity of PrPSc, and our current understanding of the downstream toxic signaling events triggered by the presence of PrPSc.
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Jancy Nixon Abraham
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division; CSIR National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Corinne Nardin
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les matériaux (IPREM); Equipe Physique et Chimie des Polymères (EPCP); Pau France
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30
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Abstract
Three decades after the discovery of prions as the cause of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, we are still nowhere close to finding an effective therapy. Numerous pharmacological interventions have attempted to target various stages of disease progression, yet none has significantly ameliorated the course of disease. We still lack a mechanistic understanding of how the prions damage the brain, and this situation results in a dearth of validated pharmacological targets. In this review, we discuss the attempts to interfere with the replication of prions and to enhance their clearance. We also trace some of the possibilities to identify novel targets that may arise with increasing insights into prion biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Asvin K K Lakkaraju
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Karl Frontzek
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland;
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31
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Giles K, Woerman AL, Berry DB, Prusiner SB. Bioassays and Inactivation of Prions. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2017; 9:cshperspect.a023499. [PMID: 28246183 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a023499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The experimental study of prions requires a model for their propagation. However, because prions lack nucleic acids, the simple techniques used to replicate bacteria and viruses are not applicable. For much of the history of prion research, time-consuming bioassays in animals were the only option for measuring infectivity. Although cell models and other in vitro tools for the propagation of prions have been developed, they all suffer limitations, and animal bioassays remain the gold standard for measuring infectivity. A wealth of recent data argues that both β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau proteins form prions that cause Alzheimer's disease, and α-synuclein forms prions that cause multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease. Cell and animal models that recapitulate some of the key features of cell-to-cell spreading and distinct strains of prions can now be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Giles
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Amanda L Woerman
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - David B Berry
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Stanley B Prusiner
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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32
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Waqas M, Jeong WJ, Lee YJ, Kim DH, Ryou C, Lim YB. pH-Dependent In-Cell Self-Assembly of Peptide Inhibitors Increases the Anti-Prion Activity While Decreasing the Cytotoxicity. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:943-950. [PMID: 28128930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The first step in the conventional approach to self-assembled biomaterials is to develop well-defined nanostructures in vitro, which is followed by disruption of the preformed nanostructures at the inside of the cell to achieve bioactivity. Here, we propose an inverse strategy to develop in-cell gain-of-function self-assembled nanostructures. In this approach, the supramolecular building blocks exist in a unimolecular/unordered state in vitro or at the outside of the cell and assemble into well-defined nanostructures after cell internalization. We used block copolypeptides of an oligoarginine and a self-assembling peptide as building blocks and investigated correlations among the nanostructural state, antiprion bioactivity, and cytotoxicity. The optimal bioactivity (i.e., the highest antiprion activity and lowest cytotoxicity) was obtained when the building blocks existed in a unimolecular/unordered state in vitro and during the cell internalization process, exerting minimal cytotoxic damage to cell membranes, and were subsequently converted into high-charge-density vesicles in the low pH endosome/lysosomes in vivo, thus, resulting in the significantly enhanced antiprion activity. In particular, the in-cell self-assembly concept presents a feasible approach to developing therapeutics against protein misfolding diseases. In general, the in-cell self-assembly provides a novel inverse methodology to supramolecular bionanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University , Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University , Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Chongsuk Ryou
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University , Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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33
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Mignani S, Bryszewska M, Zablocka M, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Cladera J, Shcharbin D, Majoral JP. Can dendrimer based nanoparticles fight neurodegenerative diseases? Current situation versus other established approaches. Prog Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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34
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Sorokina S, Semenyuk P, Stroylova Y, Muronetz V, Shifrina Z. Complexes between cationic pyridylphenylene dendrimers and ovine prion protein: do hydrophobic interactions matter? RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26563d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MD simulation predicted the possible binding sites for the dendrimer interactions with protein while ITC data revealed both electrostatic and hydrophobic driving forces for the complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sorokina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - P. Semenyuk
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Yu. Stroylova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - V. Muronetz
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Z. Shifrina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
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35
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Teruya K, Oguma A, Nishizawa K, Kawata M, Sakasegawa Y, Kamitakahara H, Doh-ura K. A Single Subcutaneous Injection of Cellulose Ethers Administered Long before Infection Confers Sustained Protection against Prion Diseases in Rodents. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1006045. [PMID: 27973536 PMCID: PMC5156379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal, progressive, neurodegenerative diseases caused by prion accumulation in the brain and lymphoreticular system. Here we report that a single subcutaneous injection of cellulose ethers (CEs), which are commonly used as inactive ingredients in foods and pharmaceuticals, markedly prolonged the lives of mice and hamsters intracerebrally or intraperitoneally infected with the 263K hamster prion. CEs provided sustained protection even when a single injection was given as long as one year before infection. These effects were linked with persistent residues of CEs in various tissues. More effective CEs had less macrophage uptake ratios and hydrophobic modification of CEs abolished the effectiveness. CEs were significantly effective in other prion disease animal models; however, the effects were less remarkable than those observed in the 263K prion-infected animals. The genetic background of the animal model was suggested to influence the effects of CEs. CEs did not modify prion protein expression but inhibited abnormal prion protein formation in vitro and in prion-infected cells. Although the mechanism of CEs in vivo remains to be solved, these findings suggest that they aid in elucidating disease susceptibility and preventing prion diseases. Prion diseases are progressive, fatal, neurodegenerative transmissible illnesses in humans and animals caused by prion accumulation in the brain and lymphoreticular system. Because they are prevalent in nature, with atypical forms continuing to emerge, prion diseases are potential threats to both public health and the economy. However, there are no effective methods to prevent these diseases. Here we report that cellulose ethers (CEs), which are non-digestible water-soluble polysaccharides that are commonly used as inactive ingredients in foods and pharmaceuticals, show prophylactic efficacy in prion-infected animals. CEs persist in various tissues and confer sustained preventive efficacy for years, suggesting that they help to prevent prion diseases. Although the enteral absorption of CEs is limited, we found that a portion of the absorbed CEs influences disease progression. Therefore, CEs may be useful to assess disease susceptibility and prevent disease occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Teruya
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ayumi Oguma
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keiko Nishizawa
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Maki Kawata
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuji Sakasegawa
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamitakahara
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsumi Doh-ura
- Department of Neurochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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36
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Abstract
Since the term protein was first coined in 1838 and protein was discovered to be the essential component of fibrin and albumin, all cellular proteins were presumed to play beneficial roles in plants and mammals. However, in 1967, Griffith proposed that proteins could be infectious pathogens and postulated their involvement in scrapie, a universally fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in goats and sheep. Nevertheless, this novel hypothesis had not been evidenced until 1982, when Prusiner and coworkers purified infectious particles from scrapie-infected hamster brains and demonstrated that they consisted of a specific protein that he called a "prion." Unprecedentedly, the infectious prion pathogen is actually derived from its endogenous cellular form in the central nervous system. Unlike other infectious agents, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, prions do not contain genetic materials such as DNA or RNA. The unique traits and genetic information of prions are believed to be encoded within the conformational structure and posttranslational modifications of the proteins. Remarkably, prion-like behavior has been recently observed in other cellular proteins-not only in pathogenic roles but also serving physiological functions. The significance of these fascinating developments in prion biology is far beyond the scope of a single cellular protein and its related disease.
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37
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Sekar G, Florance I, Sivakumar A, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N. Role of PAMAM-OH dendrimers against the fibrillation pathway of biomolecules. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:1007-1018. [PMID: 27651276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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38
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Gurzov EN, Wang B, Pilkington EH, Chen P, Kakinen A, Stanley WJ, Litwak SA, Hanssen EG, Davis TP, Ding F, Ke PC. Inhibition of hIAPP Amyloid Aggregation and Pancreatic β-Cell Toxicity by OH-Terminated PAMAM Dendrimer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1615-1626. [PMID: 26808649 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP, or amylin) forms amyloid deposits in the islets of Langerhans, a phenomenon that is associated with type-2 diabetes impacting millions of people worldwide. Accordingly, strategies against hIAPP aggregation are essential for the prevention and eventual treatment of the disease. Here, it is shown that generation-3 OH-terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer, a polymeric nanoparticle, can effectively halt the aggregation of hIAPP and shut down hIAPP toxicity in pancreatic MIN6 and NIT-1 cells as well as in mouse islets. This finding is supported by high-throughput dynamic light scattering experiment and thioflavin T assay, where the rapid evolution of hIAPP nucleation and elongation processes is halted by the addition of the dendrimer up to 8 h. Discrete molecular dynamics simulations further reveal that hIAPP residues bound strongly with the dendrimer near the c-terminal portion of the peptide, where the amyloidogenic sequence (residues 22-29) locates. Furthermore, simulations of hIAPP dimerization reveal that binding with the dendrimer significantly reduces formation of interpeptide contacts and hydrogen bonds, thereby prohibiting peptide self-association and amyloidosis. This study points to a promising nanomedicinal strategy for combating type-2 diabetes and may have broader implications for targeting neurological disorders whose distinct hallmark is also amyloid fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban N Gurzov
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Emily H Pilkington
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 28109, USA
| | - Aleksandr Kakinen
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - William J Stanley
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sara A Litwak
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | - Eric G Hanssen
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Pu Chun Ke
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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39
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Sorokina SA, Stroylova YY, Shifrina ZB, Muronetz VI. Disruption of Amyloid Prion Protein Aggregates by Cationic Pyridylphenylene Dendrimers. Macromol Biosci 2015; 16:266-75. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A. Sorokina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Vavilova str., 28 119991
| | - Yulia Yu. Stroylova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow Leninskye gory, 1/40, 119992 Russia
| | - Zinaida B. Shifrina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Vavilova str., 28 119991
| | - Vladimir I. Muronetz
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow Leninskye gory, 1/40, 119992 Russia
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40
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Caminade AM, Ouali A, Laurent R, Turrin CO, Majoral JP. The dendritic effect illustrated with phosphorus dendrimers. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3890-9. [PMID: 25297494 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00261j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dendritic (or dendrimer) effect is observed when a functional group behaves differently when it is alone or linked to a dendrimer; its properties can even vary depending on the generation of the dendrimers. The dendritic effect can be observed with any type of dendrimer, and for any type of property, even if it has been most generally tracked in catalysis and biology, and to a lesser extent in the field of materials. This review is mainly oriented towards the various types of dendritic effects observed with polyphosphorhydrazone dendrimers, even if many examples obtained with other types of dendrimers are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Caminade
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
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Goold R, McKinnon C, Tabrizi SJ. Prion degradation pathways: Potential for therapeutic intervention. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 66:12-20. [PMID: 25584786 PMCID: PMC4503822 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders. Pathology is closely linked to the misfolding of native cellular PrP(C) into the disease-associated form PrP(Sc) that accumulates in the brain as disease progresses. Although treatments have yet to be developed, strategies aimed at stimulating the degradation of PrP(Sc) have shown efficacy in experimental models of prion disease. Here, we describe the cellular pathways that mediate PrP(Sc) degradation and review possible targets for therapeutic intervention. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Neuronal Protein'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Goold
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris McKinnon
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.
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Wrobel D, Appelhans D, Signorelli M, Wiesner B, Fessas D, Scheler U, Voit B, Maly J. Interaction study between maltose-modified PPI dendrimers and lipidic model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:1490-501. [PMID: 25843678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The influence of maltose-modified poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) or dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPC/DMPG) (3%) liposomes was studied. Fourth generation (G4) PPI dendrimers with primary amino surface groups were partially (open shell glycodendrimers - OS) or completely (dense shell glycodendrimers - DS) modified with maltose residues. As a model membrane, two types of 100nm diameter liposomes were used to observe differences in the interactions between neutral DMPC and negatively charged DMPC/DMPG bilayers. Interactions were studied using fluorescence spectroscopy to evaluate the membrane fluidity of both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the lipid bilayer and using differential scanning calorimetry to investigate thermodynamic parameter changes. Pulsed-filed gradient NMR experiments were carried out to evaluate common diffusion coefficient of DMPG and DS PPI in D2O when using below critical micelle concentration of DMPG. Both OS and DS PPI G4 dendrimers show interactions with liposomes. Neutral DS dendrimers exhibit stronger changes in membrane fluidity compared to OS dendrimers. The bilayer structure seems more rigid in the case of anionic DMPC/DMPG liposomes in comparison to pure and neutral DMPC liposomes. Generally, interactions of dendrimers with anionic DMPC/DMPG and neutral DMPC liposomes were at the same level. Higher concentrations of positively charged OS dendrimers induced the aggregation process with negatively charged liposomes. For all types of experiments, the presence of NaCl decreased the strength of the interactions between glycodendrimers and liposomes. Based on NMR diffusion experiments we suggest that apart from electrostatic interactions for OS PPI hydrogen bonds play a major role in maltose-modified PPI dendrimer interactions with anionic and neutral model membranes where a contact surface is needed for undergoing multiple H-bond interactions between maltose shell of glycodendrimers and surface membrane of liposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Wrobel
- Department of Biology, Jan Evangelista Purkinje University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Signorelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Universita di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Brigitte Wiesner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Fessas
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Universita di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ulrich Scheler
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Maly
- Department of Biology, Jan Evangelista Purkinje University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
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Katir N, El Brahmi N, El Kadib A, Mignani S, Caminade AM, Bousmina M, Majoral JP. Synthesis of onion-peel nanodendritic structures with sequential functional phosphorus diversity. Chemistry 2015; 21:6400-8. [PMID: 25754619 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of novel families of phosphorus-based macromolecular architectures called "onion peel" phosphorus nanodendritic systems is reported. This construct is based on the versatility of methods of synthesis using several building blocks and on the capability of these systems to undergo regioselective reactions within the cascade structure. Sustainable metal-free routes such as the Staudinger reaction or Schiff-base condensation, involving only water and nitrogen as byproducts, allow access to several dendritic macromolecules bearing up to seven different phosphorus units in their backbone, each of them featuring specific reactivity. The presence of the highly aurophilic P=N-P=S fragment enables selective ligation of Au(I) within the dendritic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Katir
- Euromed Research Institute, Engineering Division, Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fès-Shore, Route de Sidi Hrazem, 30070 Fès (Morocco)
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Appelhans D, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Janaszewska A, Lazniewska J, Voit B. Dendritic glycopolymers based on dendritic polyamine scaffolds: view on their synthetic approaches, characteristics and potential for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3968-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00339j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The potential of dendritic glycopolymers based on dendritic polyamine scaffolds for biomedical applications is presented and compared with that of the structurally related anti-adhesive dendritic glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
- Organic Chemistry of Polymers
- Technische Universität Dresden
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Laumann K, Boas U, Larsen HM, Heegaard PMH, Bergström AL. Urea and thiourea modified polypropyleneimine dendrimers clear intracellular α-synuclein aggregates in a human cell line. Biomacromolecules 2014; 16:116-24. [PMID: 25418683 DOI: 10.1021/bm501244m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative pathologies in which disease progression is closely correlated to brain accumulation of insoluble α-synuclein, a small protein abundantly expressed in neural tissue. Here, two types of modified polypropyleneimine (PPI) dendrimers having either urea or methylthiourea (MTU) surface functional groups were investigated in a cellular model of synucleinopathy. Dendrimers are synthetic macromolecules that may be produced in a range of well-defined molecular sizes. Using cellomics array scan high-content screening, we show that both types of dendrimers are able to significantly reduce intracellular levels of α-synuclein aggregates dependent on the concentration, the type and molecular size of the dendrimer with the bigger size MTU-dendrimers having the highest potency. The intracellular clearance of α-synuclein aggregates by dendrimers was achieved at noncytotoxic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Laumann
- Innate Immunology Group, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark , 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Yamasaki T, Suzuki A, Hasebe R, Horiuchi M. Comparison of the anti-prion mechanism of four different anti-prion compounds, anti-PrP monoclonal antibody 44B1, pentosan polysulfate, chlorpromazine, and U18666A, in prion-infected mouse neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106516. [PMID: 25181483 PMCID: PMC4152300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecules that inhibit the formation of an abnormal isoform of prion protein (PrPSc) in prion-infected cells are candidate therapeutic agents for prion diseases. Understanding how these molecules inhibit PrPSc formation provides logical basis for proper evaluation of their therapeutic potential. In this study, we extensively analyzed the effects of the anti-PrP monoclonal antibody (mAb) 44B1, pentosan polysulfate (PPS), chlorpromazine (CPZ) and U18666A on the intracellular dynamics of a cellular isoform of prion protein (PrPC) and PrPSc in prion-infected mouse neuroblastoma cells to re-evaluate the effects of those agents. MAb 44B1 and PPS rapidly reduced PrPSc levels without altering intracellular distribution of PrPSc. PPS did not change the distribution and levels of PrPC, whereas mAb 44B1 appeared to inhibit the trafficking of cell surface PrPC to organelles in the endocytic-recycling pathway that are thought to be one of the sites for PrPSc formation. In contrast, CPZ and U18666A initiated the redistribution of PrPSc from organelles in the endocytic-recycling pathway to late endosomes/lysosomes without apparent changes in the distribution of PrPC. The inhibition of lysosomal function by monensin or bafilomycin A1 after the occurrence of PrPSc redistribution by CPZ or U18666A partly antagonized PrPSc degradation, suggesting that the transfer of PrPSc to late endosomes/lysosomes, possibly via alteration of the membrane trafficking machinery of cells, leads to PrPSc degradation. This study revealed that precise analysis of the intracellular dynamics of PrPC and PrPSc provides important information for understanding the mechanism of anti-prion agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akio Suzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Hasebe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Sousa-Herves A, Novoa-Carballal R, Riguera R, Fernandez-Megia E. GATG dendrimers and PEGylated block copolymers: from synthesis to bioapplications. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:948-61. [PMID: 25004824 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9642-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are synthetic macromolecules composed of repetitive layers of branching units that emerge from a central core. They are characterized by a tunable size and precise number of peripheral groups which determine their physicochemical properties and function. Their high multivalency, functional surface, and globular architecture with diameters in the nanometer scale makes them ideal candidates for a wide range of applications. Gallic acid-triethylene glycol (GATG) dendrimers have attracted our attention as a promising platform in the biomedical field because of their high tunability and versatility. The presence of terminal azides in GATG dendrimers and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-dendritic block copolymers allows their efficient functionalization with a variety of ligands of biomedical relevance including anionic and cationic groups, carbohydrates, peptides, or imaging agents. The resulting functionalized dendrimers have found application in drug and gene delivery, as antiviral agents and for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in diagnosis and as tools to study multivalent carbohydrate recognition and dendrimer dynamics. Herein, we present an account on the preparation and recent applications of GATG dendrimers in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sousa-Herves
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CIQUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Modeling dendrimers charge interaction in solution: relevance in biosystems. Biochem Res Int 2014; 2014:837651. [PMID: 24719765 PMCID: PMC3955673 DOI: 10.1155/2014/837651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are highly branched macromolecules obtained by stepwise controlled, reaction sequences. The ability to be designed for specific applications makes dendrimers unprecedented components to control the structural organization of matter during the bottom-up synthesis of functional nanostructures. For their applications in the field of biotechnology the determination of dendrimer structural properties as well as the investigation of the specific interaction with guest components are needed. We show how the analysis of the scattering structure factor S(q), in the framework of current models for charged systems in solution, allows for obtaining important information of the interdendrimers electrostatic interaction potential. The finding of the presented results outlines the important role of the dendrimer charge and the solvent conditions in regulating, through the modulation of the electrostatic interaction potential, great part of the main structural properties. This charge interaction has been indicated by many studies as a crucial factor for a wide range of structural processes involving their biomedical application. Due to their easily controllable properties dendrimers can be considered at the crossroad between traditional colloids, associating polymers, and biological systems and represent then an interesting new technological approach and a suitable model system of molecular organization in biochemistry and related fields.
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Ludewigs H, Zuber C, Vana K, Nikles D, Zerr I, Weiss S. Therapeutic approaches for prion disorders. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 5:613-30. [PMID: 17678425 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.5.4.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are lethal for both humans and animals, and affected individuals die after several months following a rapid disease progression. Although researchers have attempted for decades to develop effective therapeutics for the therapy of human prion disorders, until now no efficient drug has been available on the market for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) treatment or cure. Approximately 200 patients worldwide have died or suffer from variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Incidences for sporadic and familial CJD are approximately 1.5-2 per million per year and one per 10 million per year, respectively, in Europe. This review summarizes classical and modern trials for the development of effective anti-TSE drugs, introduces potential effective delivery systems, such as lentiviral and adeno-associated virus systems for antiprion components, including antibodies and siRNAs, and presents vaccination trials. Most of the antiprion drugs target prion protein PrP(c) and/or PrP(Sc). Alternative targets are receptors and coreceptors for PrP, that is, the 37/67-kDa laminin receptor and heparan sulfate proteoglycanes. We review clinical trials for the treatment of TSEs and describe hindrances and chances for a breakthrough in therapy of prion disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Ludewigs
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie, Genzentrum, Institut für Biochemie der LMU München, München, Germany.
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McCarthy JM, Appelhans D, Tatzelt J, Rogers MS. Nanomedicine for prion disease treatment: new insights into the role of dendrimers. Prion 2014; 7:198-202. [PMID: 23764833 DOI: 10.4161/pri.24431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their devastating impact, no effective therapeutic yet exists for prion diseases at the symptomatic stage in humans or animals. Progress is hampered by the difficulty in identifying compounds that affect PrP (Sc) and the necessity of any potential therapeutic to gain access to the CNS. Synthetic polymers known as dendrimers are a particularly promising candidate in this area. Studies with cell culture models of prion disease and prion infected brain homogenate have demonstrated that numerous species of dendrimers eliminate PrP (Sc) in a dose and time dependent fashion and specific glycodendrimers are capable of crossing the CNS. However, despite their potential a number of important questions remained unanswered such as what makes an effective dendrimer and how dendrimers eliminate prions intracellularly. In a number of recent studies we have tackled these questions and revealed for the first time that a specific dendrimer can inhibit the intracellular conversion of PrP (C) to PrP (Sc) and that a high density of surface reactive groups is a necessity for dendrimers in vitro anti-prion activity. Understanding how a therapeutic works is a vital component in maximising its activity and these studies therefore represent a significant development in the race to find effective treatments for prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M McCarthy
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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