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Gu W, Wu S, Liu X, Wang L, Wang X, Qiu Q, Wang G. Algal-bacterial consortium promotes carbon sink formation in saline environment. J Adv Res 2024; 60:111-125. [PMID: 37597746 PMCID: PMC11156706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The level of atmospheric CO2 has continuously been increasing and the resulting greenhouse effects are receiving attention globally. Carbon removal from the atmosphere occurs naturally in various ecosystems. Among them, saline environments contribute significantly to the global carbon cycle. Carbonate deposits in the sediments of salt lakes are omnipresent, and the biological effects, especially driven by halophilic microalgae and bacteria, on carbonate formation remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES The present study aims to characterize the carbonates formed in saline environments and demonstrate the mechanisms underlying biological-driven CO2 removal via microalgal-bacterial consortium. METHODS The carbonates naturally formed in saline environments were collected and analyzed. Two saline representative organisms, the photosynthetic microalga Dunaliella salina and its mutualistic halophilic bacteria Nesterenkonia sp. were isolated from the inhabiting saline environment and co-cultivated to study their biological effects on carbonates precipitation and isotopic composition. During this process, electrochemical parameters and Ca2+ flux, and expression of genes related to CaCO3 formation were analyzed. Genome sequencing and metagenomic analysis were conducted to provide molecular evidence. RESULTS The results showed that natural saline sediments are enriched with CaCO3 and enrichment of genes related to photosynthesis and ureolysis. The co-cultivation stimulated 54.54% increase in CaCO3 precipitation and significantly promoted the absorption of external CO2 by 49.63%. A pH gradient was formed between the bacteria and algae culture, creating 150.22 mV of electronic potential, which might promote Ca2+ movement toward D. salina cells. Based on the results of lab-scale induction and 13C analysis, a theoretical calculation indicates a non-negligible amount of 0.16 and 2.3 Tg C/year carbon sequestration in China and global saline lakes, respectively. CONCLUSION The combined effects of these two typical representative species have contributed to the carbon sequestration in saline environments, by promoting Ca2+ influx and increase of pH via microalgal and bacterial metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Songcui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xulei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Tianjin Changlu Hangu Saltern Co., LTD, 300480, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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de Souza Celente G, de Cassia de Souza Schneider R, Medianeira Rizzetti T, Lobo EA, Sui Y. Using wastewater as a cultivation alternative for microalga Dunaliella salina: Potentials and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168812. [PMID: 38000734 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Untreated or poorly treated wastewater still represents environmental issues world-widely. Wastewater, especially saline wastewater treatment, is still primarily associated with high costs from physical and chemical processes, as high salinity hinders biological treatment. One favourable way is to find the suitable biological pathways and organisms to improve the biological treatment efficiency. In this context, halophilic microorganisms could be strong candidates to address the economics and effectiveness of the saline wastewater treatment process. Dunaliella salina is a photoautotrophic microalga that grows in saline environments. It is known for producing marketable bio-compounds such as carotenoids, lipids, and proteins. A biological treatment based on D. salina cultivation offers the opportunity to treat saline wastewater, reducing the threat of possible eutrophication from inappropriate discharge. At the same time, D. salina cultivation could yield compounds of industrial relevance to turn saline wastewater treatment into a profitable and sustainable process. Most research on D. salina has primarily focused on bioproduct generation, leaving thorough reviews of its application in wastewater treatment inadequate. This paper discusses the future challenges and opportunities of using D. salina to treat wastewater from different sources. The main conclusions are (1) D. salina effectively recovers some heavy metals (driven by metal binding capacity and exposure time) and nutrients (driven by pH, their bioavailability, and functional groups in the cell); (2) salinity plays a significant role in bioproducts generation, and (3) wastewater can be combined with the generation of bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleison de Souza Celente
- Environmental Technology Post-graduation Program, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil; Centre of Excellence in Oleochemical and Biotechnological Products and Processes, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil; School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Rosana de Cassia de Souza Schneider
- Environmental Technology Post-graduation Program, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil; Centre of Excellence in Oleochemical and Biotechnological Products and Processes, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiele Medianeira Rizzetti
- Environmental Technology Post-graduation Program, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil; Centre of Excellence in Oleochemical and Biotechnological Products and Processes, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alcayaga Lobo
- Environmental Technology Post-graduation Program, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Yixing Sui
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
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Langella E, Di Fiore A, Alterio V, Monti SM, De Simone G, D’Ambrosio K. α-CAs from Photosynthetic Organisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912045. [PMID: 36233343 PMCID: PMC9570166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the reversible carbon dioxide hydration reaction. Among the eight different CA classes existing in nature, the α-class is the largest one being present in animals, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and photosynthetic organisms. Although many studies have been reported on these enzymes, few functional, biochemical, and structural data are currently available on α-CAs isolated from photosynthetic organisms. Here, we give an overview of the most recent literature on the topic. In higher plants, these enzymes are engaged in both supplying CO2 at the Rubisco and determining proton concentration in PSII membranes, while in algae and cyanobacteria they are involved in carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM), photosynthetic reactions and in detecting or signaling changes in the CO2 level in the environment. Crystal structures are only available for three algal α-CAs, thus not allowing to associate specific structural features to cellular localizations or physiological roles. Therefore, further studies on α-CAs from photosynthetic organisms are strongly needed to provide insights into their structure–function relationship.
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de Oliveira Maciel A, Christakopoulos P, Rova U, Antonopoulou I. Carbonic anhydrase to boost CO 2 sequestration: Improving carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134419. [PMID: 35364080 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CO2 Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is a fundamental strategy to mitigate climate change, and carbon sequestration, through absorption, can be one of the solutions to achieving this goal. In nature, carbonic anhydrase (CA) catalyzes the CO2 hydration to bicarbonates. Targeting the development of novel biotechnological routes which can compete with traditional CO2 absorption methods, CA utilization has presented a potential to expand as a promising catalyst for CCUS applications. Driven by this feature, the search for novel CAs as biocatalysts and the utilization of enzyme improvement techniques, such as protein engineering and immobilization methods, has resulted in suitable variants able to catalyze CO2 absorption at relevant industrial conditions. Limitations related to enzyme recovery and recyclability are still a concern in the field, affecting cost efficiency. Under different absorption approaches, CA enhances both kinetics and CO2 absorption yields, besides reduced energy consumption. However, efforts directed to process optimization and demonstrative plants are still limited. A recent topic with great potential for development is the CA utilization in accelerated weathering, where industrial residues could be re-purposed towards becoming carbon sequestrating agents. Furthermore, research of new solvents has identified potential candidates for integration with CA in CO2 capture, and through techno-economic assessments, CA can be a path to increase the competitiveness of alternative CO2 absorption systems, offering lower environmental costs. This review provides a favorable scenario combining the enzyme and CO2 capture, with possibilities in reaching an industrial-like stage in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayanne de Oliveira Maciel
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Io Antonopoulou
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden.
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Yadav N, Gupta N, Singh DP. Ameliorating Effect of Bicarbonate on Salinity Induced Changes in the Growth, Nutrient Status, Cell Constituents and Photosynthetic Attributes of Microalga Chlorella vulgaris. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:491-499. [PMID: 33594450 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03135-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The cells of Chlorella vulgaris exhibited NaCl (0-400 mM) induced decrease in the growth, protein, chlorophyll, carbohydrate and total organic carbon, whereas total lipid and proline content increased with rising level of NaCl. Addition of NaHCO3 (20 mM) exhibited antagonistic effect against the adverse effect of salinity on the growth, level of macromolecules except proline. The SEM-EDS analysis of NaCl treated cells exhibited morphological variations as well as reduced accumulation of Na and Cl due to the presence of NaHCO3. The results on chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics revealed NaCl induced decline in the photosynthetic performance and quantum yield, while non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll was enhanced, particularly at lower concentrations of NaCl. Addition of NaHCO3 to NaCl treated cells exhibited further increase in the non-photochemical quenching values. Thus, these results demonstrated that adverse impact of NaCl on the C. vulgaris cells was significantly mitigated in the presence of bicarbonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- Department of Environmental Science, BabasahebBhimraoAmbedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 226025, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Environmental Science, BabasahebBhimraoAmbedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 226025, India
| | - D P Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, BabasahebBhimraoAmbedkar University, VidyaVihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 226025, India.
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Rudenko NN, Ignatova LK, Nadeeva-Zhurikova EM, Fedorchuk TP, Ivanov BN, Borisova-Mubarakshina MM. Advances in understanding the physiological role and locations of carbonic anhydrases in C3 plant cells. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:249-262. [PMID: 33118061 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The review describes the structures of plant carbonic anhydrases (CAs), enzymes catalyzing the interconversion of inorganic carbon forms and belonging to different families, as well as the interaction of inhibitors and activators of CA activity with the active sites of CAs in representatives of these families. We outline the data that shed light on the location of CAs in green cells of C3 plants, algae and angiosperms, with the emphasis on the recently obtained data. The proven and proposed functions of CAs in these organisms are listed. The possibility of the involvement of several chloroplast CAs in acceleration of the conversion of bicarbonate to CO2 and in supply of CO2 for fixation by Rubisco is particularly considered. Special attention is paid to CAs in various parts of thylakoids and to discussion about current knowledge of their possible physiological roles. The review states that, despite the significant progress in application of the mutants with suppressed CAs synthesis, the approach based on the use of the inhibitors of CA activity in some cases remains quite effective. Combination of these two approaches, namely determining the effect of CA activity inhibitors in plants with certain knocked-out CA genes, turns out to be very useful for understanding the functions of other CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N Rudenko
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290.
| | - Lyudmila K Ignatova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
| | - Elena M Nadeeva-Zhurikova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
| | - Tatiana P Fedorchuk
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
| | - Boris N Ivanov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
| | - Maria M Borisova-Mubarakshina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
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7
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Polishchuk OV. Stress-Related Changes in the Expression and Activity of Plant Carbonic Anhydrases. PLANTA 2021; 253:58. [PMID: 33532871 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The data on stress-related changes in the expression and activity of plant carbonic anhydrases (CAs) suggest that they are generally upregulated at moderate stress severity. This indicates probable involvement of CAs in adaptation to drought, high salinity, heat, high light, Ci deficit, and excess bicarbonate. The changes in CA levels under cold stress are less studied and generally represented by the downregulation of CAs excepting βCA2. Excess Cd2+ and deficit of Zn2+ specifically reduce CA activity and reduce its synthesis. Probable roles of βCAs in stress adaptation include stomatal closure, ROS scavenging and partial compensation for decreased mesophyll CO2 conductance. βCAs play contrasting roles in pathogen responses, interacting with phytohormone signaling networks. Their role can be either negative or positive, probably depending on the host-pathogen system, pathogen initial titer, and levels of ·NO and ROS. It is still not clear why CAs are suppressed under severe stress levels. It should be noted, that the role of βCAs in the facilitation of CO2 diffusion and their involvement in redox signaling or ROS detoxication are potentially antagonistic, as they are inactivated by oxidation or nitrosylation. Interestingly, some chloroplastic βCAs may be relocated to the cytoplasm under stress conditions, but the physiological meaning of this effect remains to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Polishchuk
- Membranology and Phytochemistry Department, M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska Str, Kyiv, 01004, Ukraine.
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Polle JE, Calhoun S, McKie-Krisberg Z, Prochnik S, Neofotis P, Yim WC, Hathwaik LT, Jenkins J, Molina H, Bunkenborg J, Grigoriev IV, Barry K, Schmutz J, Jin E, Cushman JC, Magnusson JK. Genomic adaptations of the green alga Dunaliella salina to life under high salinity. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Polle JE, Roth R, Ben-Amotz A, Goodenough U. Ultrastructure of the green alga Dunaliella salina strain CCAP19/18 (Chlorophyta) as investigated by quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Monte J, Bernardo J, Sá M, Parreira C, Galinha CF, Costa L, Casanovas C, Brazinha C, Crespo JG. Development of an integrated process of membrane filtration for harvesting carotenoid-rich Dunaliella salina at laboratory and pilot scales. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Salinity Stress Responses and Adaptation Mechanisms in Eukaryotic Green Microalgae. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121657. [PMID: 31861232 PMCID: PMC6952985 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High salinity is a challenging environmental stress for organisms to overcome. Unicellular photosynthetic microalgae are especially vulnerable as they have to grapple not only with ionic imbalance and osmotic stress but also with the generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) interfering with photosynthesis. This review attempts to compare and contrast mechanisms that algae, particularly the eukaryotic Chlamydomonas microalgae, exhibit in order to immediately respond to harsh conditions caused by high salinity. The review also collates adaptation mechanisms of freshwater algae strains under persistent high salt conditions. Understanding both short-term and long-term algal responses to high salinity is integral to further fundamental research in algal biology and biotechnology.
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Monte J, Sá M, Parreira C, Galante J, Serra AR, Galinha CF, Costa L, Pereira VJ, Brazinha C, Crespo JG. Recycling of Dunaliella salina cultivation medium by integrated membrane filtration and advanced oxidation. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lee Y, Kwak C, Jeong KW, Durai P, Ryu KS, Kim EH, Cheong C, Ahn HC, Kim HJ, Kim Y. Tyr51: Key Determinant of the Low Thermostability of the Colwellia psychrerythraea Cold-Shock Protein. Biochemistry 2018; 57:3625-3640. [PMID: 29737840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cold-shock proteins (Csps) are expressed at lower-than-optimum temperatures, and they function as RNA chaperones; however, no structural studies on psychrophilic Csps have been reported. Here, we aimed to investigate the structure and dynamics of the Csp of psychrophile Colwellia psychrerythraea 34H, ( Cp-Csp). Although Cp-Csp shares sequence homology, common folding patterns, and motifs, including a five β-stranded barrel, with its thermophilic counterparts, its thermostability (37 °C) was markedly lower than those of other Csps. Cp-Csp binds heptathymidine with an affinity of 10-7 M, thereby increasing its thermostability to 50 °C. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of the Cp-Csp structure and backbone dynamics revealed a flexible structure with only one salt bridge and 10 residues in the hydrophobic cavity. Notably, Cp-Csp contains Tyr51 instead of the conserved Phe in the hydrophobic core, and its phenolic hydroxyl group projects toward the surface. The Y51F mutation increased the stability of hydrophobic packing and may have allowed for the formation of a K3-E21 salt bridge, thereby increasing its thermostability to 43 °C. Cp-Csp exhibited conformational exchanges in its ribonucleoprotein motifs 1 and 2 (754 and 642 s-1), and heptathymidine binding markedly decreased these motions. Cp-Csp lacks salt bridges and has longer flexible loops and a less compact hydrophobic cavity resulting from Tyr51 compared to mesophilic and thermophilic Csps. These might explain the low thermostability of Cp-Csp. The conformational flexibility of Cp-Csp facilitates its accommodation of nucleic acids at low temperatures in polar oceans and its function as an RNA chaperone for cold adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongjoon Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Konkuk University , Seoul 05029 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhee Kwak
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Konkuk University , Seoul 05029 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Woong Jeong
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Konkuk University , Seoul 05029 , Republic of Korea
| | - Prasannavenkatesh Durai
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Konkuk University , Seoul 05029 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seok Ryu
- Division of Magnetic Resonance , KBSI , Chungbuk 28119 , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance , KBSI , Chungbuk 28119 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chaejoon Cheong
- Division of Magnetic Resonance , KBSI , Chungbuk 28119 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chul Ahn
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University , Goyang , Gyeonggi-do 410-820 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Jun Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Pukyong National University , Busan 48547 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yangmee Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Konkuk University , Seoul 05029 , Republic of Korea
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Koh CZY, Hiong KC, Choo CYL, Boo MV, Wong WP, Chew SF, Neo ML, Ip YK. Molecular Characterization of a Dual Domain Carbonic Anhydrase From the Ctenidium of the Giant Clam, Tridacna squamosa, and Its Expression Levels After Light Exposure, Cellular Localization, and Possible Role in the Uptake of Exogenous Inorganic Carbon. Front Physiol 2018; 9:281. [PMID: 29632495 PMCID: PMC5879104 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A Dual-Domain Carbonic Anhydrase (DDCA) had been sequenced and characterized from the ctenidia (gills) of the giant clam, Tridacna squamosa, which lives in symbiosis with zooxanthellae. DDCA was expressed predominantly in the ctenidium. The complete cDNA coding sequence of DDCA from T. squamosa comprised 1,803 bp, encoding a protein of 601 amino acids and 66.7 kDa. The deduced DDCA sequence contained two distinct α-CA domains, each with a specific catalytic site. It had a high sequence similarity with tgCA from Tridacna gigas. In T. squamosa, the DDCA was localized apically in certain epithelial cells near the base of the ctenidial filament and the epithelial cells surrounding the tertiary water channels. Due to the presence of two transmembrane regions in the DDCA, one of the Zn2+-containing active sites could be located externally and the other one inside the cell. These results denote that the ctenidial DDCA was positioned to dehydrate [Formula: see text] to CO2 in seawater, and to hydrate the CO2 that had permeated the apical membrane back to [Formula: see text] in the cytoplasm. During insolation, the host clam needs to increase the uptake of inorganic carbon from the ambient seawater to benefit the symbiotic zooxanthellae; only then, can the symbionts conduct photosynthesis and share the photosynthates with the host. Indeed, the transcript and protein levels of DDCA/DDCA in the ctenidium of T. squamosa increased significantly after 6 and 12 h of exposure to light, respectively, denoting that DDCA could participate in the light-enhanced uptake and assimilation of exogenous inorganic carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Z. Y. Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kum C. Hiong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Celine Y. L. Choo
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mel V. Boo
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai P. Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shit F. Chew
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei L. Neo
- St. John's Island National Marine Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuen K. Ip
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- The Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Perfetto R, Del Prete S, Vullo D, Carginale V, Sansone G, Barone CMA, Rossi M, Alasmary FAS, Osman SM, AlOthman Z, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Cloning, expression and purification of the α-carbonic anhydrase from the mantle of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:1029-1035. [PMID: 28741386 PMCID: PMC6010101 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1353502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We cloned, expressed, purified, and determined the kinetic constants of the recombinant α-carbonic anhydrase (rec-MgaCA) identified in the mantle tissue of the bivalve Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. In metazoans, the α-CA family is largely represented and plays a pivotal role in the deposition of calcium carbonate biominerals. Our results demonstrated that rec-MgaCA was a monomer with an apparent molecular weight of about 32 kDa. Moreover, the determined kinetic parameters for the CO2 hydration reaction were kcat = 4.2 × 105 s−1 and kcat/Km of 3.5 × 107 M−1 ×s−1. Curiously, the rec-MgaCA showed a very similar kinetic and acetazolamide inhibition features when compared to those of the native enzyme (MgaCA), which has a molecular weight of 50 kDa. Analysing the SDS-PAGE, the protonography, and the kinetic analysis performed on the native and recombinant enzyme, we hypothesised that probably the native MgaCA is a multidomain protein with a single CA domain at the N-terminus of the protein. This hypothesis is corroborated by the existence in mollusks of multidomain proteins with a hydratase activity. Among these proteins, nacrein is an example of α-CA multidomain proteins characterised by a single CA domain at the N-terminus part of the entire protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Perfetto
- a Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse , CNR , Napoli , Italy
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- a Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse , CNR , Napoli , Italy.,b Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- b Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Sansone
- c Dipartimento di Biologia , Università degli Studi di Napoli, Federico II , Napoli , Italy
| | - Carmela M A Barone
- d Dipartimento di Agraria , Università degli Studi di Napoli, Federico II , Portici, Napoli , Italy
| | - Mosè Rossi
- a Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse , CNR , Napoli , Italy
| | - Fatmah A S Alasmary
- e Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- e Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- e Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy.,e Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy.,f Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
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Xiong JQ, Kurade MB, Patil DV, Jang M, Paeng KJ, Jeon BH. Biodegradation and metabolic fate of levofloxacin via a freshwater green alga, Scenedesmus obliquus in synthetic saline wastewater. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jeon H, Jeong J, Baek K, McKie-Krisberg Z, Polle JE, Jin E. Identification of the carbonic anhydrases from the unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina strain CCAP 19/18. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ki MR, Nguyen TKM, Kim SH, Kwon I, Pack SP. Chimeric protein of internally duplicated α-type carbonic anhydrase from Dunaliella species for improved expression and CO 2 sequestration. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Foflonker F, Ananyev G, Qiu H, Morrison A, Palenik B, Dismukes GC, Bhattacharya D. The unexpected extremophile: Tolerance to fluctuating salinity in the green alga Picochlorum. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Gel-based and gel-free search for plasma membrane proteins in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) augments the comprehensive data sets of membrane protein repertoire. J Proteomics 2016; 143:199-208. [PMID: 27109347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Plasma membrane (PM) encompasses total cellular contents, serving as semi-porous barrier to cell exterior. This living barrier regulates all cellular exchanges in a spatio-temporal fashion. Most of the essential tasks of PMs including molecular transport, cell-cell interaction and signal transduction are carried out by their proteinaceous components, which make the PM protein repertoire to be diverse and dynamic. Here, we report the systematic analysis of PM proteome of a food legume, chickpea and develop a PM proteome reference map. Proteins were extracted from highly enriched PM fraction of four-week-old seedlings using aqueous two-phase partitioning. To address a population of PM proteins that is as comprehensive as possible, both gel-based and gel-free approaches were employed, which led to the identification of a set of 2732 non-redundant proteins. These included both integral proteins having bilayer spanning domains as well as peripheral proteins associated with PMs through posttranslational modifications or protein-protein interactions. Further, the proteins were subjected to various in-silico analyses and functionally classified based on their gene ontology. Finally an inventory of the complete set of PM proteins, identified in several monocot and dicot species, was created for comparative study with the generated PM protein dataset of chickpea. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chickpea, a rich source of dietary proteins, is the second most cultivated legume, which is grown over 10 million hectares of land worldwide. The annual global production of chickpea hovers around 8.5 million metric tons. Recent chickpea genome sequencing effort has provided a broad genetic basis for highlighting the important traits that may fortify other crop legumes. Improvement in chickpea varieties can further strengthen the world food security, which includes food availability, access and utilization. It is known that the phenotypic trait of a cultivar is the manifestation of the orchestrated functions of its proteins. Study of the PM proteome offers insights into the mechanism of communication between the cell and its environment by identification of receptors, signalling proteins and membrane transporters. Knowledge of the PM protein repertoire of a relatively dehydration tolerant chickpea variety, JG-62, can contribute in development of strategies for metabolic reprograming of crop species and breeding applications.
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Chen XJ, Zhang XH, Hu LD, Zhang JQ, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Yan YB. DsCaf1 is involved in environmental stress response of Dunaliella salina. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 82:369-74. [PMID: 26454106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of mRNA fates can alter the gene-expression profile promptly and specifically. Deadenylation is a process of which the poly(A) tail is degraded by deadenylases. By regulating mRNA turnover, deadenylases are involved in various vital cellular processes including stress responses. However, it is unclear whether deadenylases play a role in the adaption/tolerance of extremophiles. In this research, we cloned the deadenylase caf1 from Dunaliella salina (dscaf1), a unicellular green alga with exceptional halotolerance. In silicon analysis indicated that compared with the mesophilic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii caf1, dscaf1 promoter contained more elements responsive to abiotic stresses. Dscaf1 had an extremely high expression level under hypersaline conditions. When the D. salina cells were subject to stress shock, a two-stage response was observed for dscaf1 expression. The mRNA level of dscaf1 had an immediate 2-4 fold increase and followed by an ∼10 fold increase after hyperosmotic, heat or UV treatment, while had an about 3 fold increase quickly followed by an abrupt decrease after hypoosmotic or cold shock. The dissimilarity in dscaf1 expression patterns suggested that DsCaf1 is a stress-responsive deadenylase with the ability to regulate fates of a specific group of mRNAs for a certain type of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of MOE, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xin-Hang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li-Dan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-Quan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of MOE, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of MOE, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Chen XJ, Wu MJ, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Yan YB. Dunaliella salina Hsp90 is halotolerant. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 75:418-25. [PMID: 25680963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dunaliella salina is a unicellular green alga with exceptional halotolerance. Although the D. salina cells are capable to proliferate in hypersaline medium, the intracellular salt concentrations are maintained at a low level. Thus the extracellular but not intracellular Dunaliella proteins are expected to be highly halotolerant. In this research, we compared the salt-dependence of the activity and stability of Hsp90s from the halotolerant alga D. salina (dsHsp90) and the mesophilic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (crHsp90). We found that the ATPase activity of crHsp90 could be enhanced about six-fold by 2M NaCl, while the activity of dsHsp90 showed a much weaker dependence on salinity. When denatured by urea, both crHsp90 and dsHsp90 exhibited an apparent three-state unfolding with the population of an unfolding intermediate. High salinity significantly decreased the Gibbs free energy change of crHsp90 but not dsHsp90 for the transition from the native state to the intermediate. The little dependence of dsHsp90 activity and folding on salinity suggests that dsHsp90 is halotolerant though it is an intracellular protein. We propose that the halotolerance of intracellular Dunaliella proteins might play a role in fighting against the transient intracellular salt fluctuations during hyperosmotic or hypoosmotic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of MOE, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming-Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of MOE, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of MOE, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of MOE, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Kim SW, Min CW, Gupta R, Jo IH, Bang KH, Kim YC, Kim KH, Kim ST. Proteomics Analysis of Early Salt-Responsive Proteins in Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) Leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.7783/kjmcs.2014.22.5.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Baxter BK, Gunde-Cimerman N, Oren A. Salty sisters: The women of halophiles. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:192. [PMID: 24926287 PMCID: PMC4045239 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A history of halophile research reveals the commitment of scientists to uncovering the secrets of the limits of life, in particular life in high salt concentration and under extreme osmotic pressure. During the last 40 years, halophile scientists have indeed made important contributions to extremophile research, and prior international halophiles congresses have documented both the historical and the current work. During this period of salty discoveries, female scientists, in general, have grown in number worldwide. But those who worked in the field when there were small numbers of women sometimes saw their important contributions overshadowed by their male counterparts. Recent studies suggest that modern female scientists experience gender bias in matters such as conference invitations and even representation among full professors. In the field of halophilic microbiology, what is the impact of gender bias? How has the participation of women changed over time? What do women uniquely contribute to this field? What are factors that impact current female scientists to a greater degree? This essay emphasizes the “her story” (not “history”) of halophile discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie K Baxter
- Great Salt Lake Institute, Westminster College Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nina Gunde-Cimerman
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia ; Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aharon Oren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Givat Ram, Israel
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Lao YM, Xiao L, Luo LX, Jiang JG. Hypoosmotic expression of Dunaliella bardawil ζ-carotene desaturase is attributed to a hypoosmolarity-responsive element different from other key carotenogenic genes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:359-72. [PMID: 24632600 PMCID: PMC4012594 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.235390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Some key carotenogenic genes (crts) in Dunaliella bardawil are regulated in response to salt stress partly due to salt-inducible cis-acting elements in their promoters. Thus, we isolated and compared the ζ-carotene desaturase (Dbzds) promoter with other crts promoters including phytoene synthase (Dbpsy), phytoene desaturase (Dbpds), and lycopene β-cyclase1 (DblycB1) to identify salt-inducible element(s) in the Dbzds promoter. In silico analysis of the Dbzds promoter found several potential cis-acting elements, such as abscisic acid response element-like sequence, myelocytomatosis oncogene1 recognition motif, AGC box, anaerobic motif2, and activation sequence factor1 binding site. Remarkably, instead of salt-inducible elements, we found a unique regulatory sequence architecture in the Dbzds promoter: a hypoosmolarity-responsive element (HRE) candidate followed by a potential hypoosmolarity-inducible factor GBF5 binding site. Deletion experiments demonstrated that only HRE, but not the GBF5 binding site, is responsible for hypoosmotic expression of the fusion of Zeocin resistance gene (ble) to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) chimeric gene under salt stress. Dbzds transcripts were in accordance with those of ble-egfp driven by the wild-type Dbzds promoter. Consequently, Dbzds is hypoosmotically regulated by its promoter, and HRE is responsible for this hypoosmotic response. Finally, the hypoosmolarity mechanism of Dbzds was studied by comparing transcript profiles and regulatory elements of Dbzds with those of Dbpsy, Dbpds, DblycB1, and DblycB2, revealing that different induction characteristics of crts may correlate with regulatory sequence architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Min Lao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China (Y.-M.L., J.-G.J.); and
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China (Y.-M.L., L.X., L.-X.L.)
| | - Lan Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China (Y.-M.L., J.-G.J.); and
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China (Y.-M.L., L.X., L.-X.L.)
| | - Li-Xin Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China (Y.-M.L., J.-G.J.); and
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China (Y.-M.L., L.X., L.-X.L.)
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Davidi L, Shimoni E, Khozin-Goldberg I, Zamir A, Pick U. Origin of β-carotene-rich plastoglobuli in Dunaliella bardawil. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 164:2139-56. [PMID: 24567188 PMCID: PMC3982768 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.235119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The halotolerant microalgae Dunaliella bardawil accumulates under nitrogen deprivation two types of lipid droplets: plastoglobuli rich in β-carotene (βC-plastoglobuli) and cytoplasmatic lipid droplets (CLDs). We describe the isolation, composition, and origin of these lipid droplets. Plastoglobuli contain β-carotene, phytoene, and galactolipids missing in CLDs. The two preparations contain different lipid-associated proteins: major lipid droplet protein in CLD and the Prorich carotene globule protein in βC-plastoglobuli. The compositions of triglyceride (TAG) molecular species, total fatty acids, and sn-1+3 and sn-2 positions in the two lipid pools are similar, except for a small increase in palmitic acid in plastoglobuli, suggesting a common origin. The formation of CLD TAG precedes that of βC-plastoglobuli, reaching a maximum after 48 h of nitrogen deprivation and then decreasing. Palmitic acid incorporation kinetics indicated that, at early stages of nitrogen deprivation, CLD TAG is synthesized mostly from newly formed fatty acids, whereas in βC-plastoglobuli, a large part of TAG is produced from fatty acids of preformed membrane lipids. Electron microscopic analyses revealed that CLDs adhere to chloroplast envelope membranes concomitant with appearance of small βC-plastoglobuli within the chloroplast. Based on these results, we propose that CLDs in D. bardawil are produced in the endoplasmatic reticulum, whereas βC-plastoglobuli are made, in part, from hydrolysis of chloroplast membrane lipids and in part, by a continual transfer of TAG or fatty acids derived from CLD.
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Biotechnological applications of halophilic lipases and thioesterases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:1011-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Chi Z, Elloy F, Xie Y, Hu Y, Chen S. Selection of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Strains for Bicarbonate-Based Integrated Carbon Capture and Algae Production System. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:447-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gagat P, Bodył A, Mackiewicz P. How protein targeting to primary plastids via the endomembrane system could have evolved? A new hypothesis based on phylogenetic studies. Biol Direct 2013; 8:18. [PMID: 23845039 PMCID: PMC3716720 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6150-8-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is commonly assumed that a heterotrophic ancestor of the supergroup Archaeplastida/Plantae engulfed a cyanobacterium that was transformed into a primary plastid; however, it is still unclear how nuclear-encoded proteins initially were imported into the new organelle. Most proteins targeted to primary plastids carry a transit peptide and are transported post-translationally using Toc and Tic translocons. There are, however, several proteins with N-terminal signal peptides that are directed to higher plant plastids in vesicles derived from the endomembrane system (ES). The existence of these proteins inspired a hypothesis that all nuclear-encoded, plastid-targeted proteins initially carried signal peptides and were targeted to the ancestral primary plastid via the host ES. Results We present the first phylogenetic analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana α-carbonic anhydrase (CAH1), Oryza sativa nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (NPP1), and two O. sativa α-amylases (αAmy3, αAmy7), proteins that are directed to higher plant primary plastids via the ES. We also investigated protein disulfide isomerase (RB60) from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii because of its peculiar dual post- and co-translational targeting to both the plastid and ES. Our analyses show that these proteins all are of eukaryotic rather than cyanobacterial origin, and that their non-plastid homologs are equipped with signal peptides responsible for co-translational import into the host ES. Our results indicate that vesicular trafficking of proteins to primary plastids evolved long after the cyanobacterial endosymbiosis (possibly only in higher plants) to permit their glycosylation and/or transport to more than one cellular compartment. Conclusions The proteins we analyzed are not relics of ES-mediated protein targeting to the ancestral primary plastid. Available data indicate that Toc- and Tic-based translocation dominated protein import into primary plastids from the beginning. Only a handful of host proteins, which already were targeted through the ES, later were adapted to reach the plastid via the vesicular trafficking. They represent a derived class of higher plant plastid-targeted proteins with an unusual evolutionary history. Reviewers This article was reviewed by Prof. William Martin, Dr. Philippe Deschamps (nominated by Dr. Purificacion Lopez-Garcia) and Dr Simonetta Gribaldo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Gagat
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, ul. Przybyszewskiego 63/77, Wrocław 51-148, Poland
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Xu J, Ji P, Wang B, Zhao L, Wang J, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Li J, Xu P, Sun X. Transcriptome sequencing and analysis of wild Amur Ide (Leuciscus waleckii) inhabiting an extreme alkaline-saline lake reveals insights into stress adaptation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59703. [PMID: 23573207 PMCID: PMC3613414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amur ide (Leuciscus waleckii) is an economically and ecologically important species in Northern Asia. The Dali Nor population inhabiting Dali Nor Lake, a typical saline-alkaline lake in Inner Mongolia, is well-known for its adaptation to extremely high alkalinity. Genome information is needed for conservation and aquaculture purposes, as well as to gain further understanding into the genetics of stress tolerance. The objective of the study is to sequence the transcriptome and obtain a well-assembled transcriptome of Amur ide. Results The transcriptome of Amur ide was sequenced using the Illumina platform and assembled into 53,632 cDNA contigs, with an average length of 647 bp and a N50 length of 1,094 bp. A total of 19,338 unique proteins were identified, and gene ontology and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analyses classified all contigs into functional categories. Open Reading Frames (ORFs) were detected from 34,888 (65.1%) of contigs with an average length of 577 bp, while 9,638 full-length cDNAs were identified. Comparative analyses revealed that 31,790 (59.3%) contigs have a significant similarity to zebrafish proteins, and 27,096 (50.5%), 27,524 (51.3%) and 27,996 (52.2%) to teraodon, medaka and three-spined stickleback proteins, respectively. A total of 10,395 microsatellites and 34,299 SNPs were identified and classified. A dN/dS analysis on unigenes was performed, which identified that 61 of the genes were under strong positive selection. Most of the genes are associated with stress adaptation and immunity, suggesting that the extreme alkaline-saline environment resulted in fast evolution of certain genes. Conclusions The transcriptome of Amur ide had been deeply sequenced, assembled and characterized, providing a valuable resource for a better understanding of the Amur ide genome. The transcriptome data will facilitate future functional studies on the Amur ide genome, as well as provide insight into potential mechanisms for adaptation to an extreme alkaline-saline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peifeng Ji
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baosen Wang
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan Zhao
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zixia Zhao
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiongtang Li
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (PX); (XS)
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- Centre for Applied Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (PX); (XS)
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Ki MR, Kanth BK, Min KH, Lee J, Pack SP. Increased expression level and catalytic activity of internally-duplicated carbonic anhydrase from Dunaliella species by reconstitution of two separate domains. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Karthik D, Ilavenil S, Kaleeswaran B, Ravikumar S. Analysis of Modification of Liver Proteome in Diabetic Rats by 2D Electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 27:221-30. [PMID: 26405379 PMCID: PMC4577502 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-012-0209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The uncontrolled hyperglycemia can lead to disturbances in the cell structure and functions of organs. This study was performed to analyze the "differential proteome" change in rat liver associated with diabetes mellitus in relation to effects of an anti-diabetic herb, Cynodon dactylon leaf extracts. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with alloxan (150 mg/kg/bw) and treated with C. dactylon leaf extracts (450 mg/kg/bw/day/orally). The liver proteins were subjected to proteome analysis using the advanced technologies i.e., 2D electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry. Comparison of 2-DE protein distribution profiles among the livers from normal, alloxan-induced diabetic rats and alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with C. dactylon leaves identified three proteins that were up-regulated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats i.e., nucleophosmin, l-xylulose reductase and carbonic anhydrase III which are known to be mainly involved in ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, cell proliferation, tumor suppression, glucose metabolism, osmo-regulation, water-CO2 balance and acid-base balance. These results help us to understand the elucidation of molecular mechanism connected to liver function and insulin associated with diabetes mellitus. These identified proteins were primarily involved in cell proliferation and homoeostasis of liver tissues upon the treatment with C. dactylon leaf extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanaraj Karthik
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, PRIST University, Thanjavur, 613 403 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Soundherrajan Ilavenil
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, PRIST University, Thanjavur, 613 403 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Balasubramanian Kaleeswaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, PRIST University, Thanjavur, 613 403 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sivanesan Ravikumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, PRIST University, Thanjavur, 613 403 Tamil Nadu India
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Liu W, Ming Y, Li P, Huang Z. Inhibitory effects of hypo-osmotic stress on extracellular carbonic anhydrase and photosynthetic efficiency of green alga Dunaliella salina possibly through reactive oxygen species formation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2012; 54:43-48. [PMID: 22377429 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Dunaliella salina (D. salina) maintained in 30‰ salinity for more than two years was exposed to the salinities of 5‰, 10‰, 20‰, 30‰ (control) in order to investigate oxidative burst and it's possible connection with extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA) under hypo-osmotic stress (low salinity). The results indicated that intracellular ROS contents increased significantly when cells were exposed to salinity of 5 and 10‰, and the increase also occurred at 20‰ salinity. The activity of extracellular CA and its gene (P60) expression decreased significantly when cells were exposed to salinity of 5-20‰. Data from H₂O₂ treatments hinted that ROS production was possibly one of the factors affecting CA, including enzyme activity and gene expression levels. Significant inhibition of effective quantum efficiency of PSII and photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate were observed with the increase of ROS production and decline of CA activities. Taken together, hypo-osmotic stresses could induce ROS production in D. salina, and CA enzyme activities and expression levels were consequently inhibited. As a result, algal photosynthesis and oxygen evolution were inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Liu
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
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Zhao R, Cao Y, Xu H, Lv L, Qiao D, Cao Y. ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS FROM THE GREEN ALGA DUNALIELLA SALINA (CHLOROPHYTA)(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2011; 47:1454-1460. [PMID: 27020369 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teodor. is a novel model photosynthetic eukaryote for studying photosystems, high salinity acclimation, and carotenoid accumulation. In spite of such significance, there have been limited studies on the Dunaliella genome transcriptome and proteome. To further investigate D. salina, a cDNA library was constructed and sequenced. Here, we present the analysis of the 2,282 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated together with 3,990 ESTs from dbEST. A total of 4,148 unique sequences (UniSeqs) were identified, of which 56.1% had sequence similarity with Uniprot entries, suggesting that a large number of unique genes may be harbored by Dunaliella. Additionally, protein family domains were identified to further characterize these sequences. Then, we also compared EST sequences with different complete eukaryotic genomes from several animals, plants, and fungi. We observed notable differences between D. salina and other organisms. This EST collection and its annotation provided a significant resource for basic and applied research on D. salina and laid the foundation for a systematic analysis of the transcriptome basis of green algae development and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Yu Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Hui Xu
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Linfeng Lv
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Dairong Qiao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
| | - Yi Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 610064
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Alkayal F, Albion RL, Tillett RL, Hathwaik LT, Lemos MS, Cushman JC. Expressed sequence tag (EST) profiling in hyper saline shocked Dunaliella salina reveals high expression of protein synthetic apparatus components. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 179:437-49. [PMID: 21802602 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2009] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The unicellular, halotolerant, green alga, Dunaliella salina (Chlorophyceae) has the unique ability to adapt and grow in a wide range of salt conditions from about 0.05 to 5.5M. To better understand the molecular basis of its salinity tolerance, a complementary DNA (cDNA) library was constructed from D. salina cells adapted to 2.5M NaCl, salt-shocked at 3.4M NaCl for 5h, and used to generate an expressed sequence tag (EST) database. ESTs were obtained for 2831 clones representing 1401 unique transcripts. Putative functions were assigned to 1901 (67.2%) ESTs after comparison with protein databases. An additional 154 (5.4%) ESTs had significant similarity to known sequences whose functions are unclear and 776 (27.4%) had no similarity to known sequences. For those D. salina ESTs for which functional assignments could be made, the largest functional categories included protein synthesis (35.7%), energy (photosynthesis) (21.4%), primary metabolism (13.8%) and protein fate (6.8%). Within the protein synthesis category, the vast majority of ESTs (80.3%) encoded ribosomal proteins representing about 95% of the approximately 82 subunits of the cytosolic ribosome indicating that D. salina invests substantial resources in the production and maintenance of protein synthesis. The increased mRNA expression upon salinity shock was verified for a small set of selected genes by real-time, quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This EST collection also provided important new insights into the genetic underpinnings for the biosynthesis and utilization of glycerol and other osmoprotectants, the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, reactive oxygen-scavenging enzymes, and molecular chaperones (heat shock proteins) not described previously for D. salina. EST discovery also revealed the existence of RNA interference and signaling pathways associated with osmotic stress adaptation. The unknown ESTs described here provide a rich resource for the identification of novel genes associated with the mechanistic basis of salinity stress tolerance and other stress-adaptive traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Alkayal
- Dasman Center for Research and Treatment of Diabetes, P.O Box 1180, Dasman, Kuwait
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Zhang N, Wang F, Meng X, Luo S, Li Q, Dong H, Xu Z, Song R. Molecular cloning and characterization of a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase/phosphatase from Dunaliella viridis. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:2241-8. [PMID: 20878239 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dunaliella is a group of green algae with exceptional stress tolerance capability, and is considered as an important model organism for stress tolerance study. Here we cloned a TPS (trehalose-6-phosphate synthase) gene from Dunaliella viridis and designated it as DvTPS (D. viridis trehalose-6-phosphate synthase/phosphatase).The DvTPS cDNA contained an ORF of 2793 bp encoding 930 aa. DvTPS had both TPS and TPP domain and belonged to the Group II TPS/TPP fusion gene family. Southern blots showed it has a single copy in the genome. Genome sequence analysis revealed that it has 18 exons and 17 introns. DvTPS had a constitutive high expression level under various NaCl culture conditions, however, could be induced by salt shock. Promoter analysis indicated there were ten STREs (stress response element) in its promoter region, giving a possible explanation of its inducible expression pattern upon salt shock. Yeast functional complementation analysis showed that DvTPS had neither TPS nor TPP activity. However, DvTPS could improve the salt tolerance of yeast salt sensitive mutant G19. Our results indicated that despite DvTPS showed significant similarity with TPS/TPP, its real biological function is still remained to be revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
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Li J, Lu Y, Xue L, Xie H. A structurally novel salt-regulated promoter of duplicated carbonic anhydrase gene 1 from Dunaliella salina. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 37:1143-54. [PMID: 19823944 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9901-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the duplicated carbonic anhydrase is induced by salt in the Dunaliella salina (D. salina) and duplicated carbonic anhydrase 1 (DCA1) is a member of carbonic anhydrase family. The purpose of this study was to identify whether both the DCA1 gene and its promoter from D. salina are salt-inducible. In this study, the results of real time RT-PCR showed that the transcripts of DCA1 were induced by gradient concentration of sodium chloride. Subsequently, a structurally novel promoter containing highly repeated GT/AC sequences of the DCA1 gene was isolated, which was able to drive a stable expression of the foreign bar gene in transformed cells of D. salina, and the gradient concentrations of sodium chloride in media paralleled regulations in the levels of both proteins and mRNA of the bar gene driven by the DCA1 promoter. Furthermore, analysis of GUS activities revealed that the salt-inducible expression of the external gus gene was regulated by the promoter fragments containing highly repeated GT sequences, but not by the promoter fragments deleting highly repeated GT sequences. The findings above-mentioned suggest that the highly repeated GT sequence in the DCA1 promoter is involved in the salt-inducible regulation in D. salina and may be a novel salt-inducible element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
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Bodył A, Mackiewicz P, Stiller JW. Early steps in plastid evolution: current ideas and controversies. Bioessays 2009; 31:1219-32. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.200900073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Chen H, Jiang JG. Osmotic responses ofDunaliellato the changes of salinity. J Cell Physiol 2009; 219:251-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Hewezi T, Léger M, Gentzbittel L. A comprehensive analysis of the combined effects of high light and high temperature stresses on gene expression in sunflower. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2008; 102:127-40. [PMID: 18477560 PMCID: PMC2712429 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcn071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although high light (HL) and high temperature (HT) stresses have been extensively investigated, a global analysis of their combined effects on the transcriptome of any plant species has not yet been described. Sunflower is an agronomically important oil crop frequently subjected to these stress factors. Because results in model plants may not always translate well to crop plants, responses of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) to HL, HT and a combination of both stresses were analysed by profiling gene expression in leaves and immature seeds. METHODS Plants were grown in HL (600 microE m(-2) s(-1)), HT (35 degrees C) and a combination of HL and HT (HL + HT), and gene expression in leaves and immature seeds was profiled using cDNA microarrays containing more than 8000 putative unigenes. KEY RESULTS Using two-way analysis of variance, 105, 55 and 129 cDNA clones were identified showing significant changes in steady-state transcript levels, across the two tissues, in response to HL, HT and HL + HT, respectively. A significant number of these transcripts were found to be specific to each stress. Comparing gene expression profiles between leaves and immature seeds revealed that 89, 113 and 186 cDNA clones can be considered as differentially expressed in response to HL, HT and HL + HT, respectively. More than half of the cDNA clones showing significant differences between embryo and leaf tissues in response to HL + HT were specific to this stress. Significant differences between leaves and seeds shared by all three stress treatments were observed for only eight genes. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicate that vegetative and reproductive tissues employ different transcriptome responses to these stress treatments. Careful examination of the putative functions of these genes revealed novel and specific responses. The potential roles of many of the differentially expressed genes in stress tolerance are mentioned and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Hewezi
- For correspondence. Current address: Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, 429 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011USA. E-mail or
| | | | - Laurent Gentzbittel
- For correspondence. Current address: Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, 429 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011USA. E-mail or
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Ye C, Gao K, Giordano M. The odd behaviour of carbonic anhydrase in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme during hydration-dehydration cycles. Environ Microbiol 2008; 10:1018-23. [PMID: 18177372 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01522.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme, inhabiting arid areas, withstands prolonged periods of dehydration. How dehydration and occasional wetting affect inorganic C acquisition in this organism is not well known. As inorganic C acquisition in cyanobacteria often involves carbonic anhydrases (CA), we studied the effect of cycles of hydration and dehydration on the extracellular and intracellular CA activities, at the pH values presumably associated with dew or rain wetting. The external CA of N. flagelliforme (or of the microorganismal consortium of which N. flagelliforme is the main component) is activated by hydration, especially at low pH, and it may facilitate inorganic C acquisition when N. flagelliforme colonies are wetted by dew. Internal CA is present in dry colonies and is rapidly inactivated upon rehydration, therefore an anaplerotic role for this enzyme is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Ye
- Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, China
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43
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Katz A, Waridel P, Shevchenko A, Pick U. Salt-induced changes in the plasma membrane proteome of the halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina as revealed by blue native gel electrophoresis and nano-LC-MS/MS analysis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2007; 6:1459-72. [PMID: 17569891 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m700002-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina is a recognized model photosynthetic organism for studying plant adaptation to high salinity. The adaptation mechanisms involve major changes in the proteome composition associated with energy metabolism and carbon and iron acquisition. To clarify the molecular basis for the remarkable resistance to high salt, we performed a comprehensive proteomics analysis of the plasma membrane. Plasma membrane proteins were recognized by tagging intact cells with a membrane-impermeable biotin derivative. Proteins were resolved by two-dimensional blue native/SDS-PAGE and identified by nano-LC-MS/MS. Of 55 identified proteins, about 60% were integral membrane or membrane-associated proteins. We identified novel surface coat proteins, lipid-metabolizing enzymes, a new family of membrane proteins of unknown function, ion transporters, small GTP-binding proteins, and heat shock proteins. The abundance of 20 protein spots increased and that of two protein spots decreased under high salt. The major salt-regulated proteins were implicated in protein and membrane structure stabilization and within signal transduction pathways. The migration profiles of native protein complexes on blue native gels revealed oligomerization or co-migration of major surface-exposed proteins, which may indicate mechanisms of stabilization at high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Katz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Chen C, Bai LH, Qiao DR, Xu H, Dong GL, Ruan K, Huang F, Cao Y. Cloning and expression study of a putative carotene biosynthesis related (cbr) gene from the halotolerant green alga Dunaliella salina. Mol Biol Rep 2007; 35:321-7. [PMID: 17562223 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-007-9089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dunaliella salina, a unicelluar green alga that can tolerate an extreme variation of salt concentration is being studied as a model system to analyze the tolerance of abiotic stresses at the molecular level. Upon abnormal NaCl levels, new transcripts were abundantly expressed in cells of the alga. EST gene discovery efforts utilizing salt-shock cells had identified one cDNA designated Dscbr (GenBank accession no. DQ867041) with significant similarity to a carotene biosynthesis related gene (cbr) from Dunaliella bardawil and to early light inducible genes (elip) of higher plants. Dscbr was 976 bp in length, encoding a 190 amino acid deduced polypeptide (DsCBR) with a predicted molecular mass of 19.9 kDa and pI of 9.0. The three dimensional structure of DsCBR modeled by computer homology modeling techniques showed that the protein possessed three predicted transmembrane helices and six conserved pigment-binding residues. Real-Time Quantitative PCR clearly demonstrated that Dscbr mRNA can be rapidly induced by high light intensity and salt shocks. The results presented in this work are consistent with the earlier proposal (Jin et al. 2001 Biochim Biophys Acta 1506:244-259, 2003 Plant Physiol 132:352-364) that the DsCBR protein is an adaptive response to stress-induced photodamage within the alga chloroplast, and plays a key role in the protection and/or repair of the photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education (College of Life Science, Sichuan University), Chengdu, P. R. China
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Walia H, Wilson C, Condamine P, Liu X, Ismail AM, Close TJ. Large-scale expression profiling and physiological characterization of jasmonic acid-mediated adaptation of barley to salinity stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2007; 30:410-21. [PMID: 17324228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2006.01628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a salt-tolerant member of the Triticeae. Recent transcriptome studies on salinity stress response in barley revealed regulation of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and JA-responsive genes by salt stress. From that observation and several other physiological reports, it was hypothesized that JA is involved in the adaptation of barley to salt stress. Here we tested that hypothesis by applying JA to barley plants and observing the physiological responses and transcriptome changes. Photosynthetic and sodium ion accumulation responses were compared after (1) salinity stress, (2) JA treatment and (3) JA pre-treatment followed by salinity stress. The JA-pre-treated salt-stressed plants accumulated strikingly low levels of Na(+) in the shoot tissue compared with untreated salt-stressed plants after several days of exposure to stress. In addition, pre-treatment with JA partially alleviated photosynthetic inhibition caused by salinity stress. Expression profiling after a short-term exposure to salinity stress indicated a considerable overlap between genes regulated by salinity stress and JA application. Three JA-regulated genes, arginine decarboxylase, ribulose 1.5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase and apoplastic invertase are possibly involved in salinity tolerance mediated by JA. This work provides a reference data set for further study of the role of JA in salinity tolerance in barley and other plants species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harkamal Walia
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
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Sun XM, Tang YP, Meng XZ, Zhang WW, Li S, Deng ZR, Xu ZK, Song RT. Sequencing and analysis of a genomic fragment provide an insight into the Dunaliella viridis genomic sequence. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2006; 38:812-20. [PMID: 17091199 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2006.00227.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dunaliella is a genus of wall-less unicellular eukaryotic green alga. Its exceptional resistances to salt and various other stresses have made it an ideal model for stress tolerance study. However, very little is known about its genome and genomic sequences. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed a 29,268 bp genomic fragment from Dunaliella viridis. The fragment showed low sequence homology to the GenBank database. At the nucleotide level, only a segment with significant sequence homology to 18S rRNA was found. The fragment contained six putative genes, but only one gene showed significant homology at the protein level to GenBank database. The average GC content of this sequence was 51.1%, which was much lower than that of close related green algae Chlamydomonas (65.7%). Significant segmental duplications were found within this fragment. The duplicated sequences accounted for about 35.7% of the entire region. Large amounts of simple sequence repeats (microsatellites) were found, with strong bias towards (AC)(n) type (76%). Analysis of other Dunaliella genomic sequences in the GenBank database (total 25,749 bp) was in agreement with these findings. These sequence features made it difficult to sequence Dunaliella genomic sequences. Further investigation should be made to reveal the biological significance of these unique sequence features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Soto AR, Zheng H, Shoemaker D, Rodriguez J, Read BA, Wahlund TM. Identification and preliminary characterization of two cDNAs encoding unique carbonic anhydrases from the marine alga Emiliania huxleyi. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:5500-11. [PMID: 16885304 PMCID: PMC1538761 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00237-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 05/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine coccolithophorid algae are thought to play a significant role in carbon cycling due to their ability to incorporate dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) into both calcite and photosynthetic products. Among coccolithophorids, Emiliania huxleyi is the most prolific, forming massive blooms that affect the global environment. In addition to its ecological importance, the elaborate calcite structures (coccoliths) are being investigated for the design of potential materials for science and biotechnological devices. To date, most of the research focus in this organism has involved the partitioning of DIC between calcification and photosynthesis, primarily using measurements of an external versus internal carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity under defined conditions. The actual genes, proteins, and pathways employed in these processes have not been identified and characterized (see the work of Quinn et al. in this issue [P. Quinn, R. M. Bowers, X. Zhang, T. M. Wahlund, M. A. Fanelli, D. Olszova, and B. A. Read, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72:5512-5526, 2006]). In this study, the cloning and preliminary characterization of two genetically distinct carbonic anhydrase cDNAs are described. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these two genes belonged to the gamma (gamma-EhCA2) and delta (delta-EhCA1) classes of carbonic anhydrases. The deduced amino acid sequence of delta-EhCA1 revealed that it encodes a protein of 702 amino acids (aa) (ca. 77.3 kDa), with a transmembrane N-terminal region of 373 aa and an in-frame C-terminal open reading frame of 329 aa that defines the CA region. The gamma-EhCA2 protein was 235 aa in length (ca. 24.9 kDa) and was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and purified as an active recombinant CA. The expression levels of each transcript from quantitative reverse transcription-PCR experiments under bicarbonate limitation and over a 24-h time course suggest that these isozymes perform different functions in E. huxleyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia R Soto
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096-0001, USA
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Ogata N, Ohtaguchi K. Production in Escherichia coli and Application of a Recombinant Carbonic Anhydrase of the Cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. Strain PCC7120. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2006. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.39.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naohisa Ogata
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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Oren A. A hundred years of Dunaliella research: 1905-2005. SALINE SYSTEMS 2005; 1:2. [PMID: 16176593 PMCID: PMC1224875 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1448-1-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2005] [Accepted: 07/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A hundred years have passed since the description of the genus Dunaliella, the unicellular green alga which is responsible for most of the primary production in hypersaline environments worldwide. The present paper provides an historical survey of research on Dunaliella, from the early work in the 19th century to the thorough taxonomic studies by Teodoresco, Hamburger, Lerche and others from the beginnig of the 20th century onwards. It attempts to trace the origin of some of the most important breakthroughs that have contributed to our present understanding of this alga that plays such a key role in many hypersaline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Oren
- Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
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Leggat W, Dixon R, Saleh S, Yellowlees D. A novel carbonic anhydrase from the giant clam Tridacna gigas contains two carbonic anhydrase domains. FEBS J 2005; 272:3297-305. [PMID: 15978036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04742.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the presence of a unique dual domain carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the giant clam, Tridacna gigas. CA plays an important role in the movement of inorganic carbon (Ci) from the surrounding seawater to the symbiotic algae that are found within the clam's tissue. One of these isoforms is a glycoprotein which is significantly larger (70 kDa) than any previously reported from animals (generally between 28 and 52 kDa). This alpha-family CA contains two complete carbonic anhydrase domains within the one protein, accounting for its large size; dual domain CAs have previously only been reported from two algal species. The protein contains a leader sequence, an N-terminal CA domain and a C-terminal CA domain. The two CA domains have relatively little identity at the amino acid level (29%). The genomic sequence spans in excess of 17 kb and contains at least 12 introns and 13 exons. A number of these introns are in positions that are only found in the membrane attached/secreted CAs. This fact, along with phylogenetic analysis, suggests that this protein represents the second example of a membrane attached invertebrate CA and it contains a dual domain structure unique amongst all animal CAs characterized to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Leggat
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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