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Kuramochi M, Nakamura M, Takahashi H, Komoriya T, Takita T, Pham NTK, Yasukawa K, Yoshimune K. Adenosine triphosphate induces amorphous aggregation of amyloid β by increasing Aβ dynamics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8134. [PMID: 38584155 PMCID: PMC10999452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58773-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates into two distinct fibril and amorphous forms in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a biological hydrotrope that causes Aβ to form amorphous aggregates and inhibit fibril formation at physiological concentrations. Based on diffracted X-ray blinking (DXB) analysis, the dynamics of Aβ significantly increased immediately after ATP was added compared to those in the absence and presence of ADP and AMP, and the effect diminished after 30 min as the aggregates formed. In the presence of ATP, the β-sheet content of Aβ gradually increased from the beginning, and in the absence of ATP, the content increased rapidly after 180 min incubation, as revealed by a time-dependent thioflavin T fluorescence assay. Images of an atomic force microscope revealed that ATP induces the formation of amorphous aggregates with an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preventing fibrillar formation during 4 days of incubation at 37 °C. ATP may induce amorphous aggregation by increasing the dynamics of Aβ, and as a result, the other aggregation pathway is omitted. Our results also suggest that DXB analysis is a useful method to evaluate the inhibitory effect of fibrillar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kuramochi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Momoka Nakamura
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1, Izumichou, Narashino, Chiba, 275-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroto Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoe Komoriya
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1, Izumichou, Narashino, Chiba, 275-8575, Japan
| | - Teisuke Takita
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ngan Thi Kim Pham
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1, Izumichou, Narashino, Chiba, 275-8575, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yasukawa
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshimune
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1, Izumichou, Narashino, Chiba, 275-8575, Japan.
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2
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Fihurka O, Wang Y, Hong Y, Lin X, Shen N, Yang H, Brown B, Mommer M, Zieneldien T, Li Y, Kim J, Li M, Cai J, Zhou Q, Cao C. Multi-Targeting Intranasal Nanoformulation as a Therapeutic for Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:232. [PMID: 36830601 PMCID: PMC9953380 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, insulin, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) have been shown to reverse cognitive deficits and attenuate neuropathologies in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) when used individually. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic properties of long-term intranasal treatment with a novel nanoformulation containing melatonin, insulin, and THC in aged APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) mice, a transgenic model of AD. Transgenic mice at the age of 12 months were intranasally administered with a new nanoformulation containing melatonin, insulin, and THC at doses of 0.04, 0.008, and 0.02 mg/kg, respectively, once daily for 3 months. The spatial memory of the mice was assessed using the radial arm water maze (RAWM) test before and after drug treatment. Brain tissues were collected at the end of the treatment period for the assessment of Aβ load, tauopathy state, and markers of mitochondrial function. The RAWM test revealed that the treatment with the melatonin-insulin-THC (MIT) nasal spray improved the spatial learning memory of APP/PS1 mice significantly. Results of protein analyses of brain homogenates indicated that MIT treatment significantly decreased the tau phosphorylation implicated in tau toxicity (p < 0.05) and the expression of CKMT1 associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, MIT significantly decreased the expression of two mitochondrial fusion-related proteins, Mfn2 and Opa1 (p < 0.01 for both), while increasing the expression of a mitophagy regulator, Parkin, suggesting a compensatory enhancement of mitophagy due to MIT-promoted mitochondrial fusion. In conclusion, this study was the first to demonstrate the ability of an MIT nanoformulation to improve spatial memory in AD mice through its multi-targeting effects on Aβ production, tau phosphorylation, and mitochondrial dynamics. Thus, MIT may be a safe and effective therapeutic for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Fihurka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Yuzhu Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Haiqiang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Breanna Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Marcus Mommer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Tarek Zieneldien
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Janice Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Minghua Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Qingyu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- USF-health Byrd Alzheimer Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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3
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Galvin J, Curran E, Arteaga F, Goossens A, Aubuchon-Endsley N, McMurray MA, Moore J, Hansen KC, Chial HJ, Potter H, Brodsky JL, Coughlan CM. Proteasome activity modulates amyloid toxicity. FEMS Yeast Res 2022; 22:foac004. [PMID: 35150241 PMCID: PMC8906389 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is responsible for 60%-80% of identified cases of dementia. While the generation and accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) fragments is accepted as a key step in AD pathogenesis, the precise role of these fragments remains poorly understood. To overcome this deficit, we induced the expression of the soluble C-terminal fragment of APP (C99), the rate-limiting peptide for the generation of amyloid fragments, in yeast that contain thermosensitive mutations in genes encoding proteasome subunits. Our previous work with this system demonstrated that these proteasome-deficient yeast cells, expressing C99 when proteasome activity was blunted, generated amyloid fragments similar to those observed in AD patients. We now report the phenotypic repercussions of inducing C99 expression in proteasome-deficient cells. We show increased levels of protein aggregates, cellular stress and chaperone expression, electron-dense accumulations in the nuclear envelope/ER, abnormal DNA condensation, and an induction of apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that the generation of C99 and its associated fragments in yeast cells with compromised proteasomal activity results in phenotypes that may be relevant to the neuropathological processes observed in AD patients. These data also suggest that this yeast model should be useful for testing therapeutics that target AD-associated amyloid, since it allows for the assessment of the reversal of the perturbed cellular physiology observed when degradation pathways are dysfunctional.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Galvin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver , Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Elizabeth Curran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver , Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Francisco Arteaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver , Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Alicia Goossens
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver , Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Nicki Aubuchon-Endsley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver , Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Michael A McMurray
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Jeffrey Moore
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Heidi J Chial
- University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center (CUACC), Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora 80045, United States
| | - Huntington Potter
- University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center (CUACC), Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora 80045, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Christina M Coughlan
- University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center (CUACC), Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora 80045, United States
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Zhao H, Huang X, Tong Z. Formaldehyde-Crosslinked Nontoxic Aβ Monomers to Form Toxic Aβ Dimers and Aggregates: Pathogenicity and Therapeutic Perspectives. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3376-3390. [PMID: 34396700 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of senile plaques in the brain. However, medicines targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) have not achieved the expected clinical effects. This review focuses on the formation mechanism of the Aβ dimer (the basic unit of oligomers and fibrils) and its tremendous potential as a drug target. Recently, age-associated formaldehyde and Aβ-derived formaldehyde have been found to crosslink the nontoxic Aβ monomer to form the toxic dimers, oligomers and fibrils. Particularly, Aβ-induced formaldehyde accumulation and formaldehyde-promoted Aβ aggregation form a vicious cycle. Subsequently, formaldehyde initiates Aβ toxicity in both the early-and late-onset AD. These facts also explain why AD drugs targeting only Aβ do not have the desired therapeutic effects. Development of the nanoparticle-based medicines targeting both formaldehyde and Aβ dimer is a promising strategy for improving the drug efficacy by penetrating blood-brain barrier and extracellular space into the cortical neurons in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xuerong Huang
- Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Department of Neurology, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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5
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Willbold D, Strodel B, Schröder GF, Hoyer W, Heise H. Amyloid-type Protein Aggregation and Prion-like Properties of Amyloids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8285-8307. [PMID: 34137605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review will focus on the process of amyloid-type protein aggregation. Amyloid fibrils are an important hallmark of protein misfolding diseases and therefore have been investigated for decades. Only recently, however, atomic or near-atomic resolution structures have been elucidated from various in vitro and ex vivo obtained fibrils. In parallel, the process of fibril formation has been studied in vitro under highly artificial but comparatively reproducible conditions. The review starts with a summary of what is known and speculated from artificial in vitro amyloid-type protein aggregation experiments. A partially hypothetic fibril selection model will be described that may be suitable to explain why amyloid fibrils look the way they do, in particular, why at least all so far reported high resolution cryo-electron microscopy obtained fibril structures are in register, parallel, cross-β-sheet fibrils that mostly consist of two protofilaments twisted around each other. An intrinsic feature of the model is the prion-like nature of all amyloid assemblies. Transferring the model from the in vitro point of view to the in vivo situation is not straightforward, highly hypothetic, and leaves many open questions that need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gunnar F Schröder
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Physics Department, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrike Heise
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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6
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Wang K, Na L, Duan M. The Pathogenesis Mechanism, Structure Properties, Potential Drugs and Therapeutic Nanoparticles against the Small Oligomers of Amyloid-β. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:151-167. [PMID: 32938351 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200916123000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of people in the world. The abnormal aggregation of amyloid β protein (Aβ) is regarded as the key event in AD onset. Meanwhile, the Aβ oligomers are believed to be the most toxic species of Aβ. Recent studies show that the Aβ dimers, which are the smallest form of Aβ oligomers, also have the neurotoxicity in the absence of other oligomers in physiological conditions. In this review, we focus on the pathogenesis, structure and potential therapeutic molecules against small Aβ oligomers, as well as the nanoparticles (NPs) in the treatment of AD. In this review, we firstly focus on the pathogenic mechanism of Aβ oligomers, especially the Aβ dimers. The toxicity of Aβ dimer or oligomers, which attributes to the interactions with various receptors and the disruption of membrane or intracellular environments, were introduced. Then the structure properties of Aβ dimers and oligomers are summarized. Although some structural information such as the secondary structure content is characterized by experimental technologies, detailed structures are still absent. Following that, the small molecules targeting Aβ dimers or oligomers are collected; nevertheless, all of these ligands have failed to come into the market due to the rising controversy of the Aβ-related "amyloid cascade hypothesis". At last, the recent progress about the nanoparticles as the potential drugs or the drug delivery for the Aβ oligomers are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Liu Na
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Mojie Duan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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7
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Nguyen PH, Ramamoorthy A, Sahoo BR, Zheng J, Faller P, Straub JE, Dominguez L, Shea JE, Dokholyan NV, De Simone A, Ma B, Nussinov R, Najafi S, Ngo ST, Loquet A, Chiricotto M, Ganguly P, McCarty J, Li MS, Hall C, Wang Y, Miller Y, Melchionna S, Habenstein B, Timr S, Chen J, Hnath B, Strodel B, Kayed R, Lesné S, Wei G, Sterpone F, Doig AJ, Derreumaux P. Amyloid Oligomers: A Joint Experimental/Computational Perspective on Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Type II Diabetes, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2545-2647. [PMID: 33543942 PMCID: PMC8836097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation is observed in many amyloidogenic diseases affecting either the central nervous system or a variety of peripheral tissues. Structural and dynamic characterization of all species along the pathways from monomers to fibrils is challenging by experimental and computational means because they involve intrinsically disordered proteins in most diseases. Yet understanding how amyloid species become toxic is the challenge in developing a treatment for these diseases. Here we review what computer, in vitro, in vivo, and pharmacological experiments tell us about the accumulation and deposition of the oligomers of the (Aβ, tau), α-synuclein, IAPP, and superoxide dismutase 1 proteins, which have been the mainstream concept underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), type II diabetes (T2D), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research, respectively, for many years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong H Nguyen
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Bikash R Sahoo
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - John E Straub
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Laura Dominguez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Joan-Emma Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Department of Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Molecular Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Sackler Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Saeed Najafi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mara Chiricotto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Pritam Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - James McCarty
- Chemistry Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carol Hall
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yifat Miller
- Department of Chemistry and The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
| | | | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Stepan Timr
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Jiaxing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Brianna Hnath
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Sylvain Lesné
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Guanghong Wei
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Science, Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Andrew J Doig
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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8
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Candreva J, Chau E, Rice ME, Kim JR. Interactions between Soluble Species of β-Amyloid and α-Synuclein Promote Oligomerization while Inhibiting Fibrillization. Biochemistry 2019; 59:425-435. [PMID: 31854188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aggregations of β-amyloid (Aβ) and α-synuclein (αS) into oligomeric and fibrillar assemblies are the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, respectively. Although Aβ and αS affect different regions of the brain and are separated at the cellular level, there is evidence of their eventual interaction in the pathology of both disorders. Characterization of interactions of Aβ and αS at various stages of their aggregation pathways could reveal mechanisms and therapeutic targets for the prevention and cure of these neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we comprehensively examined the interactions and their molecular manifestations using an array of characterization tools. We show for the first time that αS monomers and oligomers, but not αS fibrils, inhibit Aβ fibrillization while promoting oligomerization of Aβ monomers and stabilizing preformed Aβ oligomers via coassembly, as judged by Thioflavin T fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, and SDS- and native-PAGE with fluorescently labeled peptides/proteins. In contrast, soluble Aβ species, such as monomers and oligomers, aggregate into fibrils, when incubated alone under the otherwise same condition. Our study provides evidence that the interactions with αS soluble species, responsible for the effects, are mediated primarily by the C-terminus of Aβ, when judged by competitive immunoassays using antibodies recognizing various fragments of Aβ. We also show that the C-terminus of Aβ is a primary site for its interaction with αS fibrils. Collectively, these data demonstrate aggregation state-specific interactions between αS and Aβ and offer insight into a molecular basis of synergistic biological effects between the two polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Candreva
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , New York University , 6 MetroTech Center , Brooklyn , New York 11201 , United States
| | - Edward Chau
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , New York University , 6 MetroTech Center , Brooklyn , New York 11201 , United States
| | - Margaret E Rice
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Neuroscience and Physiology , New York University School of Medicine , New York , New York 10016 , United States
| | - Jin Ryoun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , New York University , 6 MetroTech Center , Brooklyn , New York 11201 , United States
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9
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John T, Greene GW, Patil NA, Dealey TJA, Hossain MA, Abel B, Martin LL. Adsorption of Amyloidogenic Peptides to Functionalized Surfaces Is Biased by Charge and Hydrophilicity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14522-14531. [PMID: 31537064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces are abundant in living systems, such as in the form of cellular membranes, and govern many biological processes. In this study, the adsorption of the amyloidogenic model peptides GNNQQNY, NNFGAIL, and VQIVYK as well as the amyloid-forming antimicrobial peptide uperin 3.5 (U3.5) were studied at low concentrations (100 μM) to different surfaces. The technique of a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was applied as it enables the monitoring of mass binding to sensors at nanogram sensitivity. Gold-coated quartz sensors were used as unmodified gold surfaces or functionalized with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols (terminated as methyl, amino, carboxyl, and hydroxyl) resulting in different adsorption affinities of the peptides. Our objective was to evaluate the underlying role of the nature and feature of interfaces in biological systems which could concentrate peptides and impact or trigger peptide aggregation processes. In overall, the largely hydrophobic peptides adsorbed with preference to hydrophobic or countercharged surfaces. Further, the glycoprotein lubricin (LUB) was tested as an antiadhesive coating. Despite its hydrophilicity, the adsorption of peptides to LUB coated sensors was similar to the adsorption to unmodified gold surfaces, which indicates that some peptides diffused through the LUB layer to reach the underlying gold sensor surface. The LUB protein-antiadhesive is thus more effective as a biomaterial coating against larger biomolecules than small peptides under the conditions used here. This study provides directions toward a better understanding of amyloid peptide adsorption to biologically relevant interfaces, such as cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten John
- School of Chemistry , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) , Permoserstraße 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , Leipzig University , Linnéstraße 3 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , 75 Pigdons Road , Waurn Ponds , Victoria 3216 , Australia
| | - Nitin A Patil
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Tiara J A Dealey
- School of Chemistry , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Mohammed A Hossain
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Bernd Abel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) , Permoserstraße 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , Leipzig University , Linnéstraße 3 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Lisandra L Martin
- School of Chemistry , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
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10
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Examination of Adsorption Orientation of Amyloidogenic Peptides Over Nano-Gold Colloidal Particle Surfaces. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215354. [PMID: 31661810 PMCID: PMC6862242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of amyloidogenic peptides, amyloid beta 1–40 (Aβ1–40), alpha-synuclein (α-syn), and beta 2 microglobulin (β2m), was attempted over the surface of nano-gold colloidal particles, ranging from d = 10 to 100 nm in diameter (d). The spectroscopic inspection between pH 2 and pH 12 successfully extracted the critical pH point (pHo) at which the color change of the amyloidogenic peptide-coated nano-gold colloids occurred due to aggregation of the nano-gold colloids. The change in surface property caused by the degree of peptide coverage was hypothesized to reflect the ΔpHo, which is the difference in pHo between bare gold colloids and peptide coated gold colloids. The coverage ratio (Θ) for all amyloidogenic peptides over gold colloid of different sizes was extracted by assuming Θ = 0 at ΔpHo = 0. Remarkably, Θ was found to have a nano-gold colloidal size dependence, however, this nano-size dependence was not simply correlated with d. The geometric analysis and simulation of reproducing Θ was conducted by assuming a prolate shape of all amyloidogenic peptides. The simulation concluded that a spiking-out orientation of a prolate was required in order to reproduce the extracted Θ. The involvement of a secondary layer was suggested; this secondary layer was considered to be due to the networking of the peptides. An extracted average distance of networking between adjacent gold colloids supports the binding of peptides as if they are “entangled” and enclosed in an interfacial distance that was found to be approximately 2 nm. The complex nano-size dependence of Θ was explained by available spacing between adjacent prolates. When the secondary layer was formed, Aβ1–40 and α-syn possessed a higher affinity to a partially negative nano-gold colloidal surface. However, β2m peptides tend to interact with each other. This difference was explained by the difference in partial charge distribution over a monomer. Both Aβ1–40 and α-syn are considered to have a partial charge (especially δ+) distribution centering around the prolate axis. The β2m, however, possesses a distorted charge distribution. For a lower Θ (i.e., Θ <0.5), a prolate was assumed to conduct a gyration motion, maintaining the spiking-out orientation to fill in the unoccupied space with a tilting angle ranging between 5° and 58° depending on the nano-scale and peptide coated to the gold colloid.
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11
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El Shatshat A, Pham AT, Rao PP. Interactions of polyunsaturated fatty acids with amyloid peptides Aβ40 and Aβ42. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 663:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Kim S, Lee HJ, Nam E, Jeong D, Cho J, Lim MH, You Y. Tailoring Hydrophobic Interactions between Probes and Amyloid-β Peptides for Fluorescent Monitoring of Amyloid-β Aggregation. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5141-5154. [PMID: 31458729 PMCID: PMC6641720 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite their unique advantages, the full potential of molecular probes for fluorescent monitoring of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates has not been fully exploited. This limited utility stems from the lack of knowledge about the hydrophobic interactions between the molecules of Aβ probes, as well as those between the probe and the Aβ aggregate. Herein, we report the first mechanistic study, which firmly establishes a structure-signaling relationship of fluorescent Aβ probes. We synthesized a series of five fluorescent Aβ probes based on an archetypal donor-acceptor-donor scaffold (denoted as SN1-SN5). The arylamino donor moieties were systematically varied to identify molecular factors that could influence the interactions between molecules of each probe and that could influence their fluorescence outcomes in conditions mimicking the biological milieu. Our probes displayed different responses to aggregates of Aβ, Aβ40 and Aβ42, two major isoforms found in Alzheimer's disease: SN2, having pyrrolidine donors, showed noticeable ratiometric fluorescence responses (Δν = 797 cm-1) to the Aβ40 and Aβ42 samples that contained oligomeric species, whereas SN4, having N-methylpiperazine donors, produced significant fluorescence turn-on signaling in response to Aβ aggregates, including oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils (with turn-on ratios of 14 and 10 for Aβ42 and Aβ40, respectively). Mechanistic investigations were carried out by performing field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and steady-state and transient photoluminescence spectroscopy experiments. The studies revealed that the SN probes underwent preassembly prior to interacting with the Aβ species and that the preassembled structures depended profoundly on the subtle differences between the amino moieties of the different probes. Importantly, the studies demonstrated that the mode of fluorescence signaling (i.e., ratiometric response versus turn-on response) was primarily governed by stacking geometries within the probe preassemblies. Specifically, ratiometric fluorescence responses were observed for probes capable of forming J-assembly, whereas fluorescence turn-on responses were obtained for probes incapable of forming J-aggregates. This finding provides an important guideline to follow in future efforts at developing fluorescent probes for Aβ aggregation. We also conclude, on the basis of our study, that the rational design of such fluorescent probes should consider interactions between the probe molecules, as well as those between Aβ peptides and the probe molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Kim
- Division
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic
of Korea
| | - Eunju Nam
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of
Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic
of Korea
| | - Donghyun Jeong
- Department
of Emerging Materials Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk
Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeheung Cho
- Department
of Emerging Materials Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk
Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic
of Korea
| | - Youngmin You
- Division
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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13
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Oil Palm Phenolics Inhibit the In Vitro Aggregation of β-Amyloid Peptide into Oligomeric Complexes. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 2018:7608038. [PMID: 29666700 PMCID: PMC5831689 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7608038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) into toxic oligomers which activate microglia and astrocytes causing acute neuroinflammation. Multiple studies show that the soluble oligomers of Aβ42 are neurotoxic and proinflammatory, whereas the monomers and insoluble fibrils are relatively nontoxic. We show that Aβ42 aggregation is inhibited in vitro by oil palm phenolics (OPP), an aqueous extract from the oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis). The data shows that OPP inhibits stacking of β-pleated sheets, which is essential for oligomerization. We demonstrate the inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation by (1) mass spectrometry; (2) Congo Red dye binding; (3) 2D-IR spectroscopy; (4) dynamic light scattering; (5) transmission electron microscopy; and (6) transgenic yeast rescue assay. In the yeast rescue assay, OPP significantly reduces the cytotoxicity of aggregating neuropeptides in yeast genetically engineered to overexpress these peptides. The data shows that OPP inhibits (1) the aggregation of Aβ into oligomers; (2) stacking of β-pleated sheets; and (3) fibrillar growth and coalescence. These inhibitory effects prevent the formation of neurotoxic oligomers and hold potential as a means to reduce neuroinflammation and neuronal death and thereby may play some role in the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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14
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Roher AE, Kokjohn TA, Clarke SG, Sierks MR, Maarouf CL, Serrano GE, Sabbagh MS, Beach TG. APP/Aβ structural diversity and Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Neurochem Int 2017; 110:1-13. [PMID: 28811267 PMCID: PMC5688956 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) proposes amyloid- β (Aβ) is a chief pathological element of dementia. AD therapies have targeted monomeric and oligomeric Aβ 1-40 and 1-42 peptides. However, alternative APP proteolytic processing produces a complex roster of Aβ species. In addition, Aβ peptides are subject to extensive posttranslational modification (PTM). We propose that amplified production of some APP/Aβ species, perhaps exacerbated by differential gene expression and reduced peptide degradation, creates a diverse spectrum of modified species which disrupt brain homeostasis and accelerate AD neurodegeneration. We surveyed the literature to catalog Aβ PTM including species with isoAsp at positions 7 and 23 which may phenocopy the Tottori and Iowa Aβ mutations that result in early onset AD. We speculate that accumulation of these alterations induce changes in secondary and tertiary structure of Aβ that favor increased toxicity, and seeding and propagation in sporadic AD. Additionally, amyloid-β peptides with a pyroglutamate modification at position 3 and oxidation of Met35 make up a substantial portion of sporadic AD amyloid deposits. The intrinsic physical properties of these species, including resistance to degradation, an enhanced aggregation rate, increased neurotoxicity, and association with behavioral deficits, suggest their emergence is linked to dementia. The generation of specific 3D-molecular conformations of Aβ impart unique biophysical properties and a capacity to seed the prion-like global transmission of amyloid through the brain. The accumulation of rogue Aβ ultimately contributes to the destruction of vascular walls, neurons and glial cells culminating in dementia. A systematic examination of Aβ PTM and the analysis of the toxicity that they induced may help create essential biomarkers to more precisely stage AD pathology, design countermeasures and gauge the impacts of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Roher
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Division of Clinical Education, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA.
| | - Tyler A Kokjohn
- Department of Microbiology, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
| | - Steven G Clarke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA 90095-1569, USA
| | - Michael R Sierks
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6106, USA
| | - Chera L Maarouf
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
| | - Geidy E Serrano
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
| | - Marwan S Sabbagh
- Alzheimer's and Memory Disorders Division, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
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15
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Cieplak AS. Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation: The importance of two-electron stabilizing interactions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180905. [PMID: 28922400 PMCID: PMC5603215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases are highly pleiomorphic and may adopt an all-α-helical fold in one environment, assemble into all-β-sheet or collapse into a coil in another, and rapidly polymerize in yet another one via divergent aggregation pathways that yield broad diversity of aggregates’ morphology. A thorough understanding of this behaviour may be necessary to develop a treatment for Alzheimer’s and related disorders. Unfortunately, our present comprehension of folding and misfolding is limited for want of a physicochemical theory of protein secondary and tertiary structure. Here we demonstrate that electronic configuration and hyperconjugation of the peptide amide bonds ought to be taken into account to advance such a theory. To capture the effect of polarization of peptide linkages on conformational and H-bonding propensity of the polypeptide backbone, we introduce a function of shielding tensors of the Cα atoms. Carrying no information about side chain-side chain interactions, this function nonetheless identifies basic features of the secondary and tertiary structure, establishes sequence correlates of the metamorphic and pH-driven equilibria, relates binding affinities and folding rate constants to secondary structure preferences, and manifests common patterns of backbone density distribution in amyloidogenic regions of Alzheimer’s amyloid β and tau, Parkinson’s α-synuclein and prions. Based on those findings, a split-intein like mechanism of molecular recognition is proposed to underlie dimerization of Aβ, tau, αS and PrPC, and divergent pathways for subsequent association of dimers are outlined; a related mechanism is proposed to underlie formation of PrPSc fibrils. The model does account for: (i) structural features of paranuclei, off-pathway oligomers, non-fibrillar aggregates and fibrils; (ii) effects of incubation conditions, point mutations, isoform lengths, small-molecule assembly modulators and chirality of solid-liquid interface on the rate and morphology of aggregation; (iii) fibril-surface catalysis of secondary nucleation; and (iv) self-propagation of infectious strains of mammalian prions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Stanisław Cieplak
- Department of Chemistry, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Wolff M, Zhang-Haagen B, Decker C, Barz B, Schneider M, Biehl R, Radulescu A, Strodel B, Willbold D, Nagel-Steger L. Aβ42 pentamers/hexamers are the smallest detectable oligomers in solution. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2493. [PMID: 28559586 PMCID: PMC5449387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers may play a decisive role in Alzheimer's disease related neurodegeneration, but their structural properties are poorly understood. In this report, sedimentation velocity centrifugation, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and molecular modelling were used to identify the small oligomeric species formed by the 42 amino acid residue long isoform of Aβ (Aβ42) in solution, characterized by a sedimentation coefficient of 2.56 S, and a radius of gyration between 2 and 4 nm. The measured sedimentation coefficient is in close agreement with the sedimentation coefficient calculated for Aβ42 hexamers using MD simulations at µM concentration. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report detailing the Aβ42 oligomeric species by SANS measurements. Our results demonstrate that the smallest detectable species in solution are penta- to hexamers. No evidences for the presence of dimers, trimers or tetramers were found, although the existence of those Aβ42 oligomers at measurable quantities had been reported frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wolff
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Physikalische Biochemie, University Potsdam, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Bo Zhang-Haagen
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science & Institute of Complex Systems, Neutron Scattering (JCNS-1&ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christina Decker
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bogdan Barz
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Mario Schneider
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ralf Biehl
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science & Institute of Complex Systems, Neutron Scattering (JCNS-1&ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Outstation at MLZ (JCNS-MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Outstation at MLZ (JCNS-MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Luitgard Nagel-Steger
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Complex Systems, Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
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17
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Usui K, Mie M, Andou T, Mihara H, Kobatake E. Fluorescent and luminescent fusion proteins for analyses of amyloid beta peptide aggregation. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:659-665. [PMID: 28378376 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is regarded as a causative agent of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, fluorescent and luminescent fusion proteins were constructed to analyze Aβ aggregation. A system was developed to monitor changes in luminescence that provides information about Aβ aggregation. In the presence of monomeric Aβ, the fusion protein exhibits higher luminescence intensity, and the luminescence intensity is diminished after aggregation of the fusion protein and Aβ. In contrast, the fluorescence is sustained in the presence of Aβ. In the absence of Aβ, the fusion protein self-aggregates, and its luminescence and fluorescence are quenched, thus decreasing the background fluorescence and enhancing the detection of Aβ inside and outside the cells. The ratio of the luminescence intensity to the fluorescence intensity would allow the aggregation degrees of Aβ to be distinguished. This study would be a promising method for analyzing the aggregation state of a particular amyloid protein/peptide (monomer, oligomer, or fibril), as well as the distribution of the amyloid protein/peptide within and at the cell surface, by using a single fusion protein. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Usui
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masayasu Mie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Andou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Mihara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eiry Kobatake
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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18
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Watts CR, Gregory AJ, Frisbie CP, Lovas S. Structural properties of amyloid β(1-40) dimer explored by replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations. Proteins 2017; 85:1024-1045. [PMID: 28241387 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations (300 ns) were used to study the dimerization of amyloid β(1-40) (Aβ(1-40)) polypeptide. Configurational entropy calculations revealed that at physiological temperature (310 K, 37°C) dynamic dimers are formed by randomly docked monomers. Free energy of binding of the two chains to each other was -93.56 ± 6.341 kJ mol-1 . Prevalence of random coil conformations was found for both chains with the exceptions of increased β-sheet content from residues 16-21 and 29-32 of chain A and residues 15-21 and 30-33 of chain B with β-turn/β-bend conformations in both chains from residues 1-16, 21-29 of chain A, 1-16, and 21-29 of chain B. There is a mixed β-turn/β-sheet region from residues 33-38 of both chains. Analysis of intra- and interchain residue distances shows that, although the individual chains are highly flexible, the dimer system stays in a loosely packed antiparallel β-sheet configuration with contacts between residues 17-21 of chain A with residues 17-21 and 31-36 of chain B as well as residues 31-36 of chain A with residues 17-21 and 31-36 of chain B. Based on dihedral principal component analysis, the antiparallel β-sheet-loop-β-sheet conformational motif is favored for many low energy sampled conformations. Our results show that Aβ(1-40) can form dynamic dimers in aqueous solution that have significant conformational flexibility and are stabilized by collapse of the central and C-terminal hydrophobic cores with the expected β-sheet-loop-β-sheet conformational motif. Proteins 2017; 85:1024-1045. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Watts
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905.,Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 54601
| | - Andrew J Gregory
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 54601
| | - Cole P Frisbie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 54601.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, 61718
| | - Sándor Lovas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, 61718
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19
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Goch W, Bal W. Numerical Simulations Reveal Randomness of Cu(II) Induced Aβ Peptide Dimerization under Conditions Present in Glutamatergic Synapses. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170749. [PMID: 28125716 PMCID: PMC5268396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions between the Aβ1-40 molecules species and the copper ions (Cu(II)) were intensively investigated due to their potential role in the development of the Alzheimer Disease (AD). The rate and the mechanism of the Cu(II)-Aβ complexes formation determines the aggregation pathway of the Aβ species, starting from smaller but more cytotoxic oligomers and ending up in large Aβ plaques, being the main hallmark of the AD. In our study we exploit the existing knowledge on the Cu(II)-Aβ interactions and create the theoretical model of the initial phase of the copper- driven Aβ aggregation mechanism. The model is based on the direct solution of the Chemical Master Equations, which capture the inherent stochastics of the considered system. In our work we argue that due to a strong Cu(II) affinity to Aβ and temporal accessibility of the Cu(II) ions during normal synaptic activity the aggregation driven by Cu(II) dominates the pure Aβ aggregation. We also demonstrate the dependence of the formation of different Cu(II)-Aβ complexes on the concentrations of reagents and the synaptic activity. Our findings correspond to recent experimental results and give a sound hypothesis on the AD development mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Goch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bal
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Šarić A, Michaels TCT, Zaccone A, Knowles TPJ, Frenkel D. Kinetics of spontaneous filament nucleation via oligomers: Insights from theory and simulation. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211926. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4965040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anđela Šarić
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute for the
Physics of Living Systems, University College London,
Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas C. T. Michaels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138,
USA
| | - Alessio Zaccone
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Pembroke St., Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Tuomas P. J. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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21
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Jozawa H, Kabir MG, Zako T, Maeda M, Chiba K, Kuroda Y. Amorphous protein aggregation monitored using fluorescence self-quenching. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:3501-3509. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Jozawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science; Graduate School of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei-shi Japan
| | - Md. Golam Kabir
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science; Graduate School of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei-shi Japan
| | - Tamotsu Zako
- Bioengineering Laboratory; RIKEN Institute; Wako Japan
| | - Mizuo Maeda
- Bioengineering Laboratory; RIKEN Institute; Wako Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Fuchu Japan
| | - Yutaka Kuroda
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science; Graduate School of Engineering; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei-shi Japan
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22
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Das S, Das S, Roy A, Pal U, Maiti NC. Orientation of tyrosine side chain in neurotoxic Aβ differs in two different secondary structures of the peptide. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:160112. [PMID: 27853536 PMCID: PMC5098961 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is present as a major component in amyloid plaque that is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. The peptide contains a single tyrosine residue and Aβ has a major implication in the pathology of the disease progression. Current investigation revealed that the tyrosine side chain attained two different critical stereo orientations in two dissimilar conformational states of the peptide. The extended α-helical structure of the peptide observed in an apolar solvent or methanol/water mixture became disordered in aqueous medium and the radius of gyration decreased. In aqueous medium, the torsional angle around Cα-Cβ of tyrosine group became -60°. However, in its α-helical conformation in an apolar system, the measured angle was 180° and this rotameric state may be reasoned behind stronger tyrosine fluorescence compared with the disordered state of the peptide. Molecular dynamics simulation analyses and spectroscopic studies have helped us to understand the major structural changes in the secondary structure of the peptide in the two conformational states. A conformational clustering indicated that the compact state is more stable with tyrosine residue attaining the torsion angle value of -60°, whereas the native state (in HFIP/water mixture) is prevalent at a torsion angle value of -180°. High solvent accessibility has possibly stabilized the particular rotameric state (-60°) of the tyrosine residue and could be the reason behind decrease in fluorescence of the sole tyrosine residue in an aqueous buffer solution (pH 7.4) compared with its fluorescence in the α-helical structure in the micellar environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Das
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division , Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research , 4, Raja S.c. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Supriya Das
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division , Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research , 4, Raja S.c. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Anupam Roy
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division , Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research , 4, Raja S.c. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Uttam Pal
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division , Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research , 4, Raja S.c. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Nakul C Maiti
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division , Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research , 4, Raja S.c. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 , India
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Suvorina MY, Selivanova OM, Grigorashvili EI, Nikulin AD, Marchenkov VV, Surin AK, Galzitskaya OV. Studies of Polymorphism of Amyloid-β42 Peptide from Different Suppliers. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 47:583-93. [PMID: 26401694 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the process of amyloidogenesis of amyloid-β (Aβ)42 peptide, by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and mass spectrometry. It has been repeatedly reported in the literature that the process of fibril formation by Aβ42 peptide depends considerably not only upon the specific conditions (ionic conditions, pH, temperature, mixing, etc.), as well as the manufacturing route (synthetic or recombinant), but also on the methods of synthesis and purification. We have, for the first time, systematically analyzed samples of Aβ42 peptide supplied by five different companies (Anaspec, Invitrogen, Enzo, Sigma-Aldrich, and SynthAssist) and obtained evidence of significant variability, including lot to lot variations. All studied samples formed amyloid-like fibrils at pH3-6, and the fibrils contained cross-β structures. Samples from Anaspec, Invitrogen, and Enzo formed one particular type of amyloid-like fibrils, while the samples from Sigma-Aldrich and SynthAssist formed another distinct type of fibrils. The observed polymorphism emphasizes the capacity of the Aβ42 peptide to act as a prion agent with varying structural characteristics. The presented data have allowed us to propose a possible mechanism of formation of amyloid-like fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Yu Suvorina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Olga M Selivanova
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | | | - Alexey D Nikulin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Victor V Marchenkov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexey K Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.,State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, Obolensk, Serpukhov District, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Oxana V Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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24
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Surin AK, Grigorashvili EI, Suvorina MY, Selivanova OM, Galzitskaya OV. Determination of regions involved in amyloid fibril formation for Aβ(1-40) peptide. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 81:762-769. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916070130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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25
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Li M, Guan Y, Ding C, Chen Z, Ren J, Qu X. An ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride nanosheet: a novel inhibitor of metal-induced amyloid aggregation associated with Alzheimer's disease. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4072-4075. [PMID: 32264608 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report that a g-C3N4 nanosheet can act as a nanochelator to inhibit Cu2+ induced Aβ aggregation and disassemble the preformed Aβ-Cu2+ aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
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26
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Radko SP, Khmeleva SA, Suprun EV, Kozin SA, Bodoev NV, Makarov AA, Archakov AI, Shumyantseva VV. [Physico-chemical methods for studing β-amyloid aggregation]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2015; 61:203-18. [PMID: 25978387 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20156102203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent neurodegenerative pathology. According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, a key event of the Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is a transition of the β-amyloid peptide (Аβ) from the monomeric form to the aggregated state. The mechanism of Аβ aggregation is intensively studied in vitro, by means of synthetic peptides and various physico-chemical methods allowing evaluation of size, molecular structure, and morphology of the formed aggregates. The paper reviews both the well-known and recently introduced physico-chemical methods for analysis of Аβ aggregation, including microscopу, optical and fluorescent methods, method of electron paramagnetic resonance, electrochemical and electrophoretic methods, gel-filtration, and mass spectrometric methods. Merits and drawbacks of the methods are discussed. The unique possibility to simultaneously observe Аβ monomers as well oligomers and large aggregates by means of atomic force microscopy or fluorescence correlation spectroscopy is emphasized. The high detection sensitivity of the latter method, monitoring the aggregation process in Аβ solutions at low peptide concentrations is underlined. Among mass spectrometric methods, the ion mobility mass spectrometry is marked out as a method enabling to obtain information about both the spectrum of Аβ oligomers and their structure. It is pointed out that the use of several methods giving the complementary data about Аβ aggregates is the best experimental approach to studying the process of b-amyloid peptide aggregation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Radko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Khmeleva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Suprun
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Kozin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Bodoev
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder in humans and the main cause of dementia in aging societies. The disease is characterized by the aberrant formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide oligomers and fibrils. These structures may damage the brain and give rise to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, neuronal dysfunction, and cellular toxicity. Although the connection between AD and Aβ fibrillation is extensively documented, much is still unknown about the formation of these Aβ aggregates and their structures at the molecular level. Here, we combined electron cryomicroscopy, 3D reconstruction, and integrative structural modeling methods to determine the molecular architecture of a fibril formed by Aβ(1-42), a particularly pathogenic variant of Aβ peptide. Our model reveals that the individual layers of the Aβ fibril are formed by peptide dimers with face-to-face packing. The two peptides forming the dimer possess identical tilde-shaped conformations and interact with each other by packing of their hydrophobic C-terminal β-strands. The peptide C termini are located close to the main fibril axis, where they produce a hydrophobic core and are surrounded by the structurally more flexible and charged segments of the peptide N termini. The observed molecular architecture is compatible with the general chemical properties of Aβ peptide and provides a structural basis for various biological observations that illuminate the molecular underpinnings of AD. Moreover, the structure provides direct evidence for a steric zipper within a fibril formed by full-length Aβ peptide.
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28
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Radko SP, Khmeleva SA, Suprun EV, Kozin SA, Bodoev NV, Makarov AA, Archakov AI, Shumyantseva VV. Physico-chemical methods for studying amyloid-β aggregation. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750815030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Zhao T, Gao J, Van J, To E, Wang A, Cao S, Cui JZ, Guo JP, Lee M, McGeer PL, Matsubara JA. Age-related increases in amyloid beta and membrane attack complex: evidence of inflammasome activation in the rodent eye. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:121. [PMID: 26104676 PMCID: PMC4486438 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The membrane attack complex (MAC) is a key player in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and is a putative activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Amyloid beta (Aβ), a component of drusen deposits, has also been implicated in inflammasome activation by our work and those of others. However, the interactions of MAC and Aβ are still poorly understood, especially their roles in aging and retinal degenerative pathologies. Since inflammasome activation may represent a key cellular pathway underlying age-related chronic inflammation in the eye, the purpose of this study is to identify the effects associated with MAC and inflammasome activation in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid and to evaluate the therapeutic merits of MAC suppression. METHODS Adult Long-Evans rats were divided into treatment and control groups. Treatment groups received oral aurin tricarboxylic acid complex (ATAC), a MAC inhibitor, in drinking-water, and control groups received drinking-water alone (No ATAC). Groups were sacrificed at 7.5 or 11.5 months, after approximately 40 days of ATAC treatment. To study age-related changes of Aβ and MAC in RPE/choroid, naive animals were sacrificed at 2.5, 7.5, and 11.5 months. Eye tissues underwent immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis for MAC, Aβ, NF-κB activation, as well as cleaved caspase-1 and IL-18. Vitreal samples were collected and assessed by multiplex assays for secreted levels of IL-18 and IL-1β. Statistical analyses were performed, and significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS In vivo studies demonstrated an age-dependent increase in MAC, Aβ, and NF-κB activation in the RPE/choroid. Systemic ATAC resulted in a prominent reduction in MAC formation and a concomitant reduction in inflammasome activation measured by cleaved caspase-1 and secreted levels of IL-18 and IL-1β, but not in NF-κB activation. In vitro studies demonstrated Aβ-induced MAC formation on RPE cells. CONCLUSIONS Age-dependent increases in Aβ and MAC are present in the rodent outer retina. Our results suggest that suppressing MAC formation and subsequent inflammasome activation in the RPE/choroid may reduce chronic low-grade inflammation associated with IL-18 and IL-1β in the outer retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
| | - Jiangyuan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
| | - Jenifer Van
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
| | - Eleanor To
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
| | - Aikun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
| | - Sijia Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
| | - Jing Z Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
| | - Jian-Ping Guo
- Kinsmen Lab of Neurological Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Moonhee Lee
- Kinsmen Lab of Neurological Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Patrick L McGeer
- Kinsmen Lab of Neurological Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Joanne A Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, V5Z 3N9, BC, Canada.
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30
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Droste P, Frenzel A, Steinwand M, Pelat T, Thullier P, Hust M, Lashuel H, Dübel S. Structural differences of amyloid-β fibrils revealed by antibodies from phage display. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:57. [PMID: 26084577 PMCID: PMC4472244 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beside neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid plaques are the major histological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) being composed of aggregated fibrils of β-amyloid (Aβ). During the underlying fibrillogenic pathway, starting from a surplus of soluble Aβ and leading to mature fibrils, multiple conformations of this peptide appear, including oligomers of various shapes and sizes. To further investigate the fibrillization of β-amyloid and to have tools at hand to monitor the distribution of aggregates in the brain or even act as disease modulators, it is essential to develop highly sensitive antibodies that can discriminate between diverse aggregates of Aβ. RESULTS Here we report the generation and characterization of a variety of amyloid-β specific human and human-like antibodies. Distinct fractions of monomers and oligomers of various sizes were separated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) from Aβ42 peptides. These antigens were used for the generation of two Aβ42 specific immune scFv phage display libraries from macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Screening of these libraries as well as two naïve human phage display libraries resulted in multiple unique binders specific for amyloid-β. Three of the obtained antibodies target the N-terminal part of Aβ42 although with varying epitopes, while another scFv binds to the α-helical central region of the peptide. The affinities of the antibodies to various Aβ42 aggregates as well as their ability to interfere with fibril formation and disaggregation of preformed fibrils were determined. Most significantly, one of the scFv is fibril-specific and can discriminate between two different fibril forms resulting from variations in the acidity of the milieu during fibrillogenesis. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the approach of animal immunization and subsequent phage display based antibody selection is applicable to generate highly specific anti β-amyloid scFvs that are capable of accurately discriminating between minute conformational differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Droste
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Spielmannstr.7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany. .,Current address: Celerion Switzerland AG, Allmendstrasse 32, 8320, Fehraltorf, Switzerland.
| | - André Frenzel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Spielmannstr.7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany. .,YUMAB GmbH, Rebenring 33, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Miriam Steinwand
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Spielmannstr.7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany. .,Current address: Delenex Therapeutics AG, Wagistrasse 27, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Thibaut Pelat
- Institut de recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA-CRSSA); Département de Microbiologie; Unité de biotechnologie des anticorps et des toxines, La Tronche Cedex, France. .,Current address: BIOTEM Parc d'Activités Bièvre Dauphine, 885, rue Alphonse Gourju, 38140, Apprieu, France.
| | - Philippe Thullier
- Institut de recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA-CRSSA); Département de Microbiologie; Unité de biotechnologie des anticorps et des toxines, La Tronche Cedex, France.
| | - Michael Hust
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Spielmannstr.7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Hilal Lashuel
- SV-BMI, Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Dübel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Spielmannstr.7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Murakami K. Conformation-specific antibodies to target amyloid β oligomers and their application to immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 78:1293-305. [PMID: 25130729 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.940275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) oligomers, intermediates of Aβ aggregation, cause cognitive impairment and synaptotoxicity in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Immunotherapy using anti-Aβ antibody is one of the most promising approaches for AD treatment. However, most clinical trials using conventional sequence-specific antibodies have proceeded with difficulty. This is probably due to the unintended removal of the non-pathological monomer and fibrils of Aβ as well as the pathological oligomers by these antibodies that recognize Aβ sequence, which is not involved in synaptotoxicity. Several efforts have been made recently to develop conformation-specific antibodies that target the tertiary structure of Aβ oligomers. Here, we review the recent findings of Aβ oligomers and anti-Aβ antibodies including our own, and discuss their potential as therapeutic and diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Murakami
- a Division of Food Science and Biotechnology , Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
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32
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Laurents DV, Pantoja-Uceda D, López LC, Carrodeguas JA, Mompeán M, Jiménez MÁ, Sancho J. DMSO affects Aβ1–40's conformation and interactions with aggregation inhibitors as revealed by NMR. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DMSO alters Abeta's conformation and its recognition by inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. V. Laurents
- Instituto de Química Física “Rocasolano”
- CSIC
- Serrano 119
- Spain
| | | | - L. C. López
- Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR
- CSIC
- BiocomputationUniversidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - J. A. Carrodeguas
- Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR
- CSIC
- BiocomputationUniversidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - M. Mompeán
- Instituto de Química Física “Rocasolano”
- CSIC
- Serrano 119
- Spain
| | - M. Á. Jiménez
- Instituto de Química Física “Rocasolano”
- CSIC
- Serrano 119
- Spain
| | - J. Sancho
- Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR
- CSIC
- BiocomputationUniversidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
- Spain
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33
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Abstract
Protein oligomers have been implicated as toxic agents in a wide range of amyloid-related diseases. However, it has remained unsolved whether the oligomers are a necessary step in the formation of amyloid fibrils or just a dangerous byproduct. Analogously, it has not been resolved if the amyloid nucleation process is a classical one-step nucleation process or a two-step process involving prenucleation clusters. We use coarse-grained computer simulations to study the effect of nonspecific attractions between peptides on the primary nucleation process underlying amyloid fibrillization. We find that, for peptides that do not attract, the classical one-step nucleation mechanism is possible but only at nonphysiologically high peptide concentrations. At low peptide concentrations, which mimic the physiologically relevant regime, attractive interpeptide interactions are essential for fibril formation. Nucleation then inevitably takes place through a two-step mechanism involving prefibrillar oligomers. We show that oligomers not only help peptides meet each other but also, create an environment that facilitates the conversion of monomers into the β-sheet-rich form characteristic of fibrils. Nucleation typically does not proceed through the most prevalent oligomers but through an oligomer size that is only observed in rare fluctuations, which is why such aggregates might be hard to capture experimentally. Finally, we find that the nucleation of amyloid fibrils cannot be described by classical nucleation theory: in the two-step mechanism, the critical nucleus size increases with increases in both concentration and interpeptide interactions, which is in direct contrast with predictions from classical nucleation theory.
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Huang SH, Ke SC, Lin TH, Huang HB, Chen YC. Effect of C-terminal residues of Aβ on copper binding affinity, structural conversion and aggregation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90385. [PMID: 24594588 PMCID: PMC3940864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many properties of Aβ such as toxicity, aggregation and ROS formation are modulated by Cu2+. Previously, the coordination configuration and interaction of Cu2+ with the Aβ N-terminus has been extensively studied. However, the effect of Aβ C-terminal residues on related properties is still unclear. In the present study, several C-terminus-truncated Aβ peptides, including Aβ1-40, Aβ1-35, Aβ1-29, Aβ1-24 and Aβ1-16, were synthesized to characterize the effect of Aβ C-terminal residues on Cu2+ binding affinity, structure, aggregation ability and ROS formation. Results show that the Aβ C-terminal residues have effect on Cu2+ binding affinity, aggregation ability and inhibitory ability of ROS formation. Compared to the key residues responsible for Aβ aggregation and structure in the absence of Cu2+, it is more likely that residues 36-40, rather than residues 17-21 and 30-35, play a key role on the related properties of Aβ in the presence of Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shyue-Chu Ke
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Hsin Lin
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei city, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Bin Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung-Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Chen
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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35
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Orevi T, Lerner E, Rahamim G, Amir D, Haas E. Ensemble and single-molecule detected time-resolved FRET methods in studies of protein conformations and dynamics. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1076:113-169. [PMID: 24108626 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-649-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Most proteins are nanomachines that are selected to execute specific functions and therefore should have some degree of flexibility. The driving force that excites specific motions of domains and smaller chain elements is the thermal fluctuations of the solvent bath which are channeled to selected modes of motions by the structural constraints. Consequently characterization of the ensembles of conformers of proteins and their dynamics should be expressed in statistical terms, i.e., determination of probability distributions of the various conformers. This can be achieved by measurements of time-resolved dynamic non-radiative excitation energy transfer (trFRET) within ensembles of site specifically labeled protein molecules. Distributions of intramolecular segmental end-to-end distances and their fast fluctuations can be determined, and fast and slow conformational transitions within selected sections of the molecule can be monitored and analyzed. Both ensemble and single-molecule detection methods can be applied for data collection. In combination with synchronization methods, time-resolved FRET was also used for studies of fast conformational transitions, in particular the folding/unfolding transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Orevi
- The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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36
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Watson D, Castaño E, Kokjohn TA, Kuo YM, Lyubchenko Y, Pinsky D, Connolly ES, Esh C, Luehrs DC, Stine WB, Rowse LM, Emmerling MR, Roher AE. Physicochemical characteristics of soluble oligomeric Aβand their pathologic role in Alzheimer's disease. Neurol Res 2013; 27:869-81. [PMID: 16354549 DOI: 10.1179/016164105x49436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular fibrillar amyloid deposits are prominent and universal Alzheimer's disease (AD) features, but senile plaque abundance does not always correlate directly with the degree of dementia exhibited by AD patients. The mechanism(s) and dynamics of Abeta fibril genesis and deposition remain obscure. Enhanced Abeta synthesis rates coupled with decreased degradative enzyme production and accumulating physical modifications that dampen proteolysis may all enhance amyloid deposit formation. Amyloid accumulation may indirectly exert the greatest pathologic effect on the brain vasculature by destroying smooth muscle cells and creating a cascade of negative impacts on cerebral blood flow. The most visible manifestation of amyloid dis-equilibrium could actually be a defense mechanism employed to avoid serious vascular wall degradation while the major toxic effects to the gray and white matter neurons are mediated by soluble oligomeric Abeta peptides with high beta-sheet content. The recognition that dynamic soluble oligomeric Abeta pools exist in AD and are correlated to disease severity led to neurotoxicity and physical conformation studies. It is now recognized that the most basic soluble Abeta peptides are stable dimers with hydrophobic regions sequestered from the aqueous environment and are capable of higher order aggregations. Time course experiments employing a modified ELISA method able to detect Abeta oligomers revealed dynamic intermolecular interactions and additional experiments physically confirmed the presence of stable amyloid multimers. Amyloid peptides that are rich in beta-sheet structure are capable of creating toxic membrane ion channels and a capacity to self-assemble as annular structures was confirmed in vitro using atomic force microscopy. Biochemical studies have established that soluble Abeta peptides perturb metabolic processes, provoke release of deleterious reactive compounds, reduce blood flow, induce mitochondrial apoptotic toxicity and inhibit angiogenesis. While there is no question that gross amyloid deposition does contribute to AD pathology, the destructive potential now associated with soluble Abeta suggests that treatment strategies that target these molecules may be efficacious in preventing some of the devastating effects of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Watson
- Pfizer, Global Research and Development, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA
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37
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Wu WH, Liu Q, Sun X, Yu JS, Zhao DS, Yu YP, Luo JJ, Hu J, Yu ZW, Zhao YF, Li YM. Fibrillar seeds alleviate amyloid-β cytotoxicity by omitting formation of higher-molecular-weight oligomers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:321-6. [PMID: 24012671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides can exist in distinct forms including monomers, oligomers and fibrils, consisting of increased numbers of monomeric units. Among these, Aβ oligomers are implicated as the primary toxic species as pointed by multiple lines of evidence. It has been suggested that toxicity could be rendered by the soluble higher-molecular-weight (high-n) Aβ oligomers. Yet, the most culpable form in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. Moreover, the potential interaction among the insoluble fibrils that have been excluded from the responsible aggregates in AD development, Aβ monomers and high-n oligomers is undetermined. Here, we report that insoluble Aβ fibrillar seeds can interact with Aβ monomers at the stoichiometry of 1:2 (namely, each Aβ molecule of seed can bind to two Aβ monomers at a time) facilitating the fibrillization by omitting the otherwise mandatory formation of the toxic high-n oligomers during the fibril maturation. As a result, the addition of exogenous Aβ fibrillar seeds is seen to rescue neuronal cells from Aβ cytotoxicity presumably exerted by high-n oligomers, suggesting an unexpected protective role of Aβ fibrillar seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-hui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing 102205, PR China
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38
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Bin Y, Li X, He Y, Chen S, Xiang J. Amyloid-β peptide (1-42) aggregation induced by copper ions under acidic conditions. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2013; 45:570-7. [PMID: 23747389 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmt044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) induced by Cu²⁺ is related to incubation time, solution pH, and temperature. In this work, the aggregation of Aβ₁₋₄₂ in the presence of Cu²⁺ under acidic conditions was studied at different incubation time and temperature (e.g. 25 and 37°C). Incubation temperature, pH, and the presence of Cu²⁺ in Aβ solution were confirmed to alter the morphology of aggregation (fibrils or amorphous aggregates), and the morphology is pivotal for Aβ neurotoxicity and Alzheimer disease (AD) development. The results of atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated that the formation of Aβ fibrous morphology is preferred at lower pH, but Cu²⁺ induced the formation of amorphous aggregates. The aggregation rate of Aβ was increased with the elevation of temperature. These results were further confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy and it was found that the formation of β-sheet structure was inhibited by Cu²⁺ binding to Aβ. The result was consistent with AFM observation and the fibrillation process was restrained. We believe that the local charge state in hydrophilic domain of Aβ may play a dominant role in the aggregate morphology due to the strong steric hindrance. This research will be valuable for understanding of Aβ toxicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Bin
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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39
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Schreck JS, Yuan JM. A Kinetic Study of Amyloid Formation: Fibril Growth and Length Distributions. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:6574-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jp401586p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John S. Schreck
- Department
of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department
of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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40
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Miwa K, Hashimoto M, Hossain S, Katakura M, Shido O. Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid on the initial stage of amyloid β1-42 polymerization by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/aad.2013.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Jiang D, Rauda I, Han S, Chen S, Zhou F. Aggregation pathways of the amyloid β(1-42) peptide depend on its colloidal stability and ordered β-sheet stacking. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12711-12721. [PMID: 22870885 PMCID: PMC3464049 DOI: 10.1021/la3021436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils are present as a major component in senile plaques, the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Diffuse plaques (nonfibrous, loosely packed Aβ aggregates) containing amorphous Aβ aggregates are also formed in brain. This work examines the influence of Cu(2+) complexation by Aβ on the aggregation process in the context of charge and structural variations. Changes in the surface charges of Aβ molecules due to Cu(2+) binding, measured with a ζ-potential measurement device, were correlated with the aggregate morphologies examined by atomic force microscopy. As a result of the charge variation, the "colloid-like" stability of the aggregation intermediates, which is essential to the fibrillation process, is affected. Consequently, Cu(2+) enhances the amorphous aggregate formation. By monitoring variations in the secondary structures with circular dichroism spectroscopy, a direct transformation from the unstructured conformation to the β-sheet structure was observed for all types of aggregates observed (oligomers, fibrils, and/or amorphous aggregates). Compared to the Aβ aggregation pathway in the absence of Cu(2+) and taking other factors affecting Aβ aggregation (i.e., pH and temperature) into account, our investigation indicates that formations of amorphous and fibrous aggregates diverge from the same β-sheet-containing partially folded intermediate. This study suggests that the hydrophilic domain of Aβ also plays a role in the Aβ aggregation process. A kinetic model was proposed to account for the effects of the Cu(2+) binding on these two aggregation pathways in terms of charge and structural variations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shubo Han
- Department of Natural Sciences, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC
| | | | - Feimeng Zhou
- Corresponding author. Phone: 323-343-2390. Fax: 323-343-6490.
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42
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Zhu X, Bora RP, Barman A, Singh R, Prabhakar R. Dimerization of the Full-Length Alzheimer Amyloid β-Peptide (Aβ42) in Explicit Aqueous Solution: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:4405-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jp210019h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146,
United States
| | - Ram Prasad Bora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146,
United States
| | - Arghya Barman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146,
United States
| | - Rajiv Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146,
United States
| | - Rajeev Prabhakar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146,
United States
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43
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Fändrich M. Oligomeric intermediates in amyloid formation: structure determination and mechanisms of toxicity. J Mol Biol 2012; 421:427-40. [PMID: 22248587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oligomeric intermediates are non-fibrillar polypeptide assemblies that occur during amyloid fibril formation and that are thought to underlie the aetiology of amyloid diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Focusing primarily on the oligomeric states formed from Alzheimer's disease β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, this review will make references to other polypeptide systems, highlighting common principles or sequence-specific differences. The covered topics include the structural properties and polymorphism of oligomers, the biophysical mechanism of peptide self-assembly and its role for pathogenicity in amyloid disease. Oligomer-dependent toxicity mechanisms will be explained along with recently emerging possibilities of interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Fändrich
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding and Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 01620 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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44
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Abstract
The main structural characteristic of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or intrinsically disordered regions of globular proteins is that they exist as ensembles of multiple conformers which can continuously interconvert, and at times, form ensembles of a more restricted number of conformers. Characterization of the disordered state and transitions to partially or fully ordered states of such ensembles must be expressed in statistical terms, i.e., determination of probability distributions of the various conformers. This can be achieved by measurements of time-resolved dynamic non-radiative excitation energy transfer within ensembles of site-specifically labeled IDP molecules. Distributions of intramolecular segmental end-to-end distances and their fast fluctuations can be determined and fast and slow conformational transitions within selected sections of the molecule can be monitored and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Haas
- The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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45
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The extracellular chaperone clusterin sequesters oligomeric forms of the amyloid-β(1-40) peptide. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2011; 19:79-83. [PMID: 22179788 PMCID: PMC4979993 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In recent genome-wide association studies, the extracellular chaperone protein, clusterin, has been identified as a newly-discovered risk factor in Alzheimer's disease. We have examined the interactions between human clusterin and the Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid-β(1-40) peptide (Aβ(1-40)), which is prone to aggregate into an ensemble of oligomeric intermediates implicated in both the proliferation of amyloid fibrils and in neuronal toxicity. Using highly sensitive single-molecule fluorescence methods, we have found that Aβ(1-40) forms a heterogeneous distribution of small oligomers (from dimers to 50-mers), all of which interact with clusterin to form long-lived, stable complexes. Consequently, clusterin is able to influence both the aggregation and disaggregation of Aβ(1-40) by sequestration of the Aβ oligomers. These results not only elucidate the protective role of clusterin but also provide a molecular basis for the genetic link between clusterin and Alzheimer's disease.
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46
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Libeu CP, Poksay KS, John V, Bredesen DE. Structural and functional alterations in amyloid-β precursor protein induced by amyloid-β peptides. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 25:547-66. [PMID: 21471643 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2011-101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is neurotoxic as an oligomer, but not as a monomer, by an unknown mechanism. We showed previously that Aβ interacts with the amyloid-β precursor protein (AβPP), leading to caspase cleavage and cell death induction. To characterize this structure and interaction further, we purified the extracellular domain of AβPP695 (eAβPP) and its complex with Aβ oligomers (AβOs) of varying sizes, and then performed small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In the absence of any Aβ, eAβPP was a compact homodimer with a tight association between the E1 and E2 domains. Dimeric Aβ oligomers induced monomerization of eAβPP while larger oligomers also bound eAβPP but preserved the homodimer. Efficient binding of the larger oligomers correlated with the presence of prefibrillar oligomers, suggesting that the eAβPP binding is limited to a conformational subset of Aβ oligomers. Both forms of Aβ bound to eAβPP at the Aβ-cognate region and induced dissociation of the E1 and E2 domains. Our data provide the first structural evidence for Aβ-AβPP binding and suggest a mechanism for differential modulation of AβPP processing and cell death signaling by Aβ dimers versus conformationally-specific larger oligomers.
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47
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Lee J, Culyba EK, Powers ET, Kelly JW. Amyloid-β forms fibrils by nucleated conformational conversion of oligomers. Nat Chem Biol 2011; 7:602-9. [PMID: 21804535 PMCID: PMC3158298 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aβ amyloidogenesis is reported to occur via a nucleated polymerization mechanism, if so the energetically unfavorable oligomeric nucleus should be very hard to detect. However, many laboratories have detected early non-fibrillar Aβ oligomers without observing amyloid fibrils, suggesting a mechanistic revision may be needed. Herein, we introduce Cys-Cys-Aβ1-40 that cannot bind to the latent fluorophore FlAsH as a monomer, but is capable of binding FlAsH as an non-fibrillar oligomer or as a fibril, rendering the conjugates fluorescent. FlAsH monitoring of Cys-Cys-Aβ1-40 aggregation provides compelling evidence that Aβ1-40 very rapidly and efficiently forms spherical oligomers in vitro (85% yield) that are kinetically competent to slowly convert to amyloid fibrils by a nucleated conformational conversion mechanism (seedable). Moreover, this methodology demonstrated that plasmalogen ethanolamine vesicles eliminate the proteotoxicity-associated oligomerization phase of Aβ amyloidogenesis, while allowing fibril formation, rationalizing how low plasmalogen ethanolamine levels in the brain are epidemiologically linked to Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, La Jolla, California, USA
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48
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Sarroukh R, Cerf E, Derclaye S, Dufrêne YF, Goormaghtigh E, Ruysschaert JM, Raussens V. Transformation of amyloid β(1-40) oligomers into fibrils is characterized by a major change in secondary structure. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:1429-38. [PMID: 20853129 PMCID: PMC11114854 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder occurring in the elderly. It is widely accepted that the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) aggregation and especially the oligomeric states rather than fibrils are involved in AD onset. We used infrared spectroscopy to provide structural information on the entire aggregation pathway of Aβ(1-40), starting from monomeric Aβ to the end of the process, fibrils. Our structural study suggests that conversion of oligomers into fibrils results from a transition from antiparallel to parallel β-sheet. These structural changes are described in terms of H-bonding rupture/formation, β-strands reorientation and β-sheet elongation. As antiparallel β-sheet structure is also observed for other amyloidogenic proteins forming oligomers, reorganization of the β-sheet implicating a reorientation of β-strands could be a generic mechanism determining the kinetics of protein misfolding. Elucidation of the process driving aggregation, including structural transitions, could be essential in a search for therapies inhibiting aggregation or disrupting aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Sarroukh
- Laboratory for Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Faculté des Sciences, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/2, Blvd. du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilie Cerf
- Laboratory for Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Faculté des Sciences, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/2, Blvd. du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Derclaye
- Unité de Chimie des Interfaces, Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/18, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Yves F. Dufrêne
- Unité de Chimie des Interfaces, Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/18, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Erik Goormaghtigh
- Laboratory for Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Faculté des Sciences, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/2, Blvd. du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Ruysschaert
- Laboratory for Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Faculté des Sciences, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/2, Blvd. du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Raussens
- Laboratory for Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Faculté des Sciences, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 206/2, Blvd. du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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49
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Nag S, Sarkar B, Bandyopadhyay A, Sahoo B, Sreenivasan VKA, Kombrabail M, Muralidharan C, Maiti S. Nature of the amyloid-beta monomer and the monomer-oligomer equilibrium. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:13827-33. [PMID: 21349839 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.199885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The monomer to oligomer transition initiates the aggregation and pathogenic transformation of Alzheimer amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. However, the monomeric state of this aggregation-prone peptide has remained beyond the reach of most experimental techniques, and a quantitative understanding of this transition is yet to emerge. Here, we employ single-molecule level fluorescence tools to characterize the monomeric state and the monomer-oligomer transition at physiological concentrations in buffers mimicking the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our measurements show that the monomer has a hydrodynamic radius of 0.9 ± 0.1 nm, which confirms the prediction made by some of the in silico studies. Surprisingly, at equilibrium, both Aβ(40) and Aβ(42) remain predominantly monomeric up to 3 μm, above which it forms large aggregates. This concentration is much higher than the estimated concentrations in the CSF of either normal or diseased brains. If Aβ oligomers are present in the CSF and are the key agents in Alzheimer pathology, as is generally believed, then these must be released in the CSF as preformed entities. Although the oligomers are thermodynamically unstable, we find that a large kinetic barrier, which is mostly entropic in origin, strongly impedes their dissociation. Thermodynamic principles therefore allow the development of a pharmacological agent that can catalytically convert metastable oligomers into nontoxic monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Nag
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
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50
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Moore TW, Gunther JR, Katzenellenbogen JA. Probing the topological tolerance of multimeric protein interactions: evaluation of an estrogen/synthetic ligand for FK506 binding protein conjugate. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 21:1880-9. [PMID: 20919698 DOI: 10.1021/bc100266v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bivalent small molecules composed of a targeting element and an element that recruits endogenous proteins have been shown to block protein-protein interactions in some systems. We have attempted to apply such an approach to disrupt the interaction of the estrogen receptor α with either its associated coactivators or its dimerization partner (i.e., another estrogen receptor). We show here that a conjugate capable of simultaneously binding both the estrogen receptor and a recruited protein (FK506 Binding Protein 12 kDa) is, however, incapable of disrupting the multimeric estrogen receptor dimer/coactivator complex both in vitro and in cell-based reporter gene assays. We postulate why it may not be possible to disrupt this particular protein-protein complex-as well as other systems having high topological tolerance-with such bivalent inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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