1
|
Cristofani R, Piccolella M, Montagnani Marelli M, Tedesco B, Poletti A, Moretti RM. HSPB8 counteracts tumor activity of BRAF- and NRAS-mutant melanoma cells by modulation of RAS-prenylation and autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:973. [PMID: 36400750 PMCID: PMC9674643 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive and lethal forms of skin cancer. Some specific driver mutations have been described in multiple oncogenes including BRAF and NRAS that are mutated in 60-70% and 15-20% of melanoma, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Small Heat Shock Protein B8 (HSPB8) on cell growth and migration of both BLM (BRAFwt/NRASQ61R) and A375 (BRAFV600E/NRASwt) human melanoma cell lines. HSPB8 is a member of the HSPB family of chaperones involved in protein quality control (PQC) system and contributes to chaperone assisted selective autophagy (CASA) as well as in the regulation of mitotic spindle. In cancer, HSPB8 has anti- or pro-tumoral action depending on tumor type. In melanoma cell lines characterized by low HSPB8 levels, we demonstrated that the restoration of HSPB8 expression causes cell growth arrest, reversion of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition)-like phenotype switching and antimigratory effect, independently from the cell mutational status. We demonstrated that HSPB8 regulates the levels of the active prenylated form of NRAS in NRAS-mutant and NRAS-wild-type melanoma cell lines. Consequently, the inhibition of NRAS impairs the activation of Akt/mTOR pathway inducing autophagy activation. Autophagy can play a dual role in regulating cell death and survival. We have therefore demonstrated that HSPB8-induced autophagy is a crucial event that counteracts cell growth in melanoma. Collectively, our results suggest that HSPB8 has an antitumoral action in melanoma cells characterized by BRAF and NRAS mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cristofani
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Montagnani Marelli
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Tedesco
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy ,grid.417894.70000 0001 0707 5492Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Manuela Moretti
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Role of HSPB8, a Component of the Chaperone-Assisted Selective Autophagy Machinery, in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020335. [PMID: 33562660 PMCID: PMC7915307 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to cancer-induced stress is one of the major aspects regulating cancer development and progression. The Heat Shock Protein B8 (HSPB8) is a small chaperone involved in chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA). CASA promotes the selective degradation of proteins to counteract cell stress such as tumor-induced stress. HSPB8 is also involved in (i) the cell division machinery regulating chromosome segregation and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and (ii) inflammation regulating dendritic cell maturation and cytokine production. HSPB8 expression and role are tumor-specific, showing a dual and opposite role. Interestingly, HSPB8 may be involved in the acquisition of chemoresistance to drugs. Despite the fact the mechanisms of HSPB8-mediated CASA activation in tumors need further studies, HSPB8 could represent an important factor in cancer induction and progression and it may be a potential target for anticancer treatment in specific types of cancer. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanism underlying HSPB8 roles in normal and cancer conditions. The basic mechanisms involved in anti- and pro-tumoral activities of HSPB8 are deeply discussed together with the pathways that modulate HSPB8 expression, in order to outline molecules with a beneficial effect for cancer cell growth, migration, and death.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuroyanagi G, Sakai G, Otsuka T, Yamamoto N, Fujita K, Kawabata T, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Kozawa O, Tokuda H. HSP22 (HSPB8) positively regulates PGF2α-induced synthesis of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor in osteoblasts. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:72. [PMID: 33478532 PMCID: PMC7819160 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat shock protein 22 (HSP22) belongs to class I of the small HSP family that displays ubiquitous expression in osteoblasts. We previously demonstrated that prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), a potent bone remodeling factor, induces the synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) via p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and p38 MAP kinase in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. In the present study, we investigated whether HSP22 is implicated in the PGF2α-induced synthesis of IL-6 and VEGF and the mechanism of MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods MC3T3-E1 cells were transfected with HSP22-siRNA. IL-6 and VEGF release was assessed by ELISA. Phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase was detected by Western blotting. Results The PGF2α-induced release of IL-6 in HSP22 knockdown cells was significantly suppressed compared with that in the control cells. HSP22 knockdown also reduced the VEGF release by PGF2α. Phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase was attenuated by HSP22 downregulation. Conclusions Our results strongly suggest that HSP22 acts as a positive regulator in the PGF2α-induced synthesis of IL-6 and VEGF in osteoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Kuroyanagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Micuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan. .,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Go Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Micuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, 485-8520, Japan
| | - Takanobu Otsuka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Micuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Micuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Fujita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Micuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kawabata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Micuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory/Biobank of Medical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, 474-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Heat shock protein B8 promotes proliferation and migration in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells by maintaining mitochondrial function. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:187-197. [PMID: 32926297 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03896-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein B8 (HSPB8) impacts on tumor proliferation and migration of malignancy. However, the role of HSPB8 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAC) remains unclear. The aim of this study, therefore, was to clarify whether HSPB8 could bring benefits to proliferation and migration of LUAC and its underlying mechanisms. The expression of HSPB8 was first evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 35 LUAC samples. Then, A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were transfected with pcDNA-HSPB8 or si-HSPB8 to induce HSPB8 overexpression and silence. Cellular activity was evaluated with a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell proliferation and migration were observed by EdU assay and scratch assay. Mitochondria-specific reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and membrane potential were measured using MitoSOX Red probe and JC-1 staining. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured using commercial kits, respectively. HSPB8 protein, mitochondrial fusion protein MFN2 and mitochondrial fission protein p-Drp1/Drp1 were measured using western blot. Compared with the normal tissues, the expression of HSPB8 protein was higher in LUAC tissues and upregulation of HSPB8 protein was related to tumor size and tumor location. Furthermore, HSPB8 overexpression aggravated cell proliferation and migration of A549 cells. Mechanistically, HSPB8 suppressed mitochondrial impairment, leading to promoting the progress of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. These data demonstrate that HSPB8 plays an important role in progression of LUAC and may be a new target to treat LUAC.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu W, Lai L, Xie M, Qiu H. Insights of heat shock protein 22 in the cardiac protection against ischemic oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101555. [PMID: 32388268 PMCID: PMC7215242 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
the acute and chronic myocardial ischemia results in oxidative stress that impairs myocardial contractility and eventually leads to heart failure. However, the underlying regulatory molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. The heat shock protein 22 (Hsp22), a small-molecular-weight protein preferentially expressed in the heart, was found to be dramatically increased in the cardiac oxidative stress conditions in both human and animal models after the acute and chronic ischemia. Overexpression of Hsp22 largely protects the heart against ischemic damage. Mechanistically, overexpression of Hsp22 attenuates hypoxia-induced oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondrial and the high rate of superoxide production. Short term gene delivery of Hsp22 reduces the infarct size caused by the ischemia/reperfusion, providing a clinical therapeutic potential. This review discusses the new progress of the studies on Hsp22 by focusing on its protective effect against the excessive cardiac oxidative stress, including its adaptive induction in myocardium upon the oxidative stress, its protective role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, its regulation in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and the underlying molecular signaling pathways promoting cell survival. This information will increase our understanding of the molecular regulation of cardiac adaption under the oxidative stress and the potential therapeutic relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Wu
- Center of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institution of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA; Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lo Lai
- Center of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institution of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Mingxing Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- Center of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institution of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Human alpha and beta herpesviruses and cancer: passengers or foes? Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:439-449. [PMID: 32072398 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00780-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Based on seroepidemiological studies, human herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) are put in relation with a number of cancer diseases; however, they do not appear to play a direct role, being only considered cofactors. Their ability to transform the cells in vitro could be demonstrated experimentally by removing their high lytic ability by a certain dose of UV radiation or by photoinactivation in the presence of photosensitizers, such as neutral red or methylene blue, or culturing under conditions suppressing their lytic activity. However, recent studies indicate that UV irradiated or photoinactivated HSV-1 and HSV-2, able to transform non-transformed cells, behave differently in transformed cells suppressing their transformed phenotype. Furthermore, both transforming and transformed phenotype suppressing activities are pertaining only to non-syncytial virus strains. There are some proposed mechanisms explaining their transforming activity. According to the "hit and run" mechanism, viral DNA induces only initiation of transformation by interacting with cellular DNA bringing about mutations and epigenetic changes and is no longer involved in other processes of neoplastic progression. According to the "hijacking" mechanism, virus products in infected cells may activate signalling pathways and thus induce uncontrolled proliferation. Such a product is e.g. a product of HSV-2 gene designated ICP10 that encodes an oncoprotein RR1PK that activates the Ras pathway. In two cases of cancer, in the case of serous ovarian carcinoma and in some prostate tumours, virus-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) were detected as a possible cofactor in tumorigenesis. And, recently described herpes virus-associated growth factors with transforming and transformation repressing activity might be considered important factors playing a role in tumour formation. And finally, there is a number of evidence that HSV-2 may increase the risk of cervical cancer after infection with human papillomaviruses. A similar situation is with human cytomegalovirus; however, here, a novel mechanism named oncomodulation has been proposed. Oncomodulation means that HCMV infects tumour cells and modulates their malignant properties without having a direct effect on cell transformation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Aurelian L, Balan I. GABA AR α2-activated neuroimmune signal controls binge drinking and impulsivity through regulation of the CCL2/CX3CL1 balance. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:3023-3043. [PMID: 31030249 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of innate immune system receptors that respond to pathogen-derived and tissue damage-related ligands and are increasingly recognized for their impact on homeostasis and its dysregulation in the nervous system. TLR signaling participates in brain injury and addiction, but its role in the alcohol-seeking behavior, which initiates alcohol drinking, is still poorly understood. In this review, we discuss our findings designed to elucidate the potential contribution of the activated TLR4 signal located in neurons, on impulsivity and the predisposition to initiate alcohol drinking (binge drinking). RESULTS Our findings indicate that the TLR4 signal is innately activated in neurons from alcohol-preferring subjects, identifying a genetic contribution to the regulation of impulsivity and the alcohol-seeking propensity. Signal activation is through the non-canonical, previously unknown, binding of TLR4 to the α2 subunit of the γ-aminobutyric 2 acid A receptor (GABAAR α2). Activation is sustained by the stress hormone corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) and additional still poorly recognized ligand/scaffold proteins. Focus is on the effect of TLR4 signal activation on the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory chemokines [chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)/chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1)] and its effect on binge drinking. CONCLUSION The results are discussed within the context of current findings on the distinct activation and functions of TLR signals located in neurons, as opposed to immune cells. They indicate that the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory TLR4 signaling plays a major role in binge drinking. These findings have major impact on future basic and translational research, including the development of potential therapeutic and preventative strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Aurelian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Stanford University School of Medicine OFDD, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Irina Balan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rogerson C, O'Shaughnessy RFL. Protein kinases involved in epidermal barrier formation: The AKT family and other animals. Exp Dermatol 2019; 27:892-900. [PMID: 29845670 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Formation of a stratified epidermis is required for the performance of the essential functions of the skin; to act as an outside-in barrier against the access of microorganisms and other external factors, to prevent loss of water and solutes via inside-out barrier functions and to withstand mechanical stresses. Epidermal barrier function is initiated during embryonic development and is then maintained throughout life and restored after injury. A variety of interrelated processes are required for the formation of a stratified epidermis, and how these processes are both temporally and spatially regulated has long been an aspect of dermatological research. In this review, we describe the roles of multiple protein kinases in the regulation of processes required for epidermal barrier formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Rogerson
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ryan F L O'Shaughnessy
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yebra-Pimentel ES, Gebert M, Jansen HJ, Jong-Raadsen SA, Dirks RPH. Deep transcriptome analysis of the heat shock response in an Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus) cell line. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:508-517. [PMID: 30862517 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite efforts to restore Atlantic sturgeon in European rivers, aquaculture techniques result in animals with high post-release mortality due to, among other reasons, their low tolerance to increasing water temperature. Marker genes to monitor heat stress are needed in order to identify heat-resistant fish. Therefore, an Atlantic sturgeon cell line was exposed to different heat shock protocols (30 °C and 35 °C) and differences in gene expression were investigated. In total 3020 contigs (∼1.5%) were differentially expressed. As the core of the upregulated contigs corresponded to heat shock proteins (HSP), the heat shock factor (HSF) and the HSP gene families were annotated in Atlantic sturgeon and mapped via Illumina RNA sequencing to identify heat-inducible family members. Up to 6 hsf and 76 hsp genes were identified in the Atlantic sturgeon transcriptome resources, 16 of which were significantly responsive to the applied heat shock. The previously studied hspa1 (hsp70) gene was only significantly upregulated at the highest heat shock (35 °C), while a set of 5 genes (hspc1, hsph3a, hspb1b, hspb11a, and hspb11b) was upregulated at all conditions. Although the hspc1 (hsp90a) gene was previously used as heat shock-marker in sturgeons, we found that hspb11a is the most heat-inducible gene, with up to 3296-fold higher expression in the treated cells, constituting the candidate gene markers for in vivo trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Santidrián Yebra-Pimentel
- ZF-screens B.V., 2333CH, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marina Gebert
- Working Group Aquatic Cell Technology and Aquaculture, Fraunhofer Research Institution for Marine Biotechnology and Cell Technology, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Endogenous Neurosteroid (3α,5α)3-Hydroxypregnan-20-one Inhibits Toll-like-4 Receptor Activation and Pro-inflammatory Signaling in Macrophages and Brain. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1220. [PMID: 30718548 PMCID: PMC6362084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous neurosteroid (3α,5α)3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (3α,5α-THP, allopregnanolone) has protective activity in animal models of alcoholism, depression, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease that is poorly understood. Because these conditions involve proinflammatory signaling through toll-like receptors (TLRs), we examined the effects of 3α,5α-THP, and pregnenolone on TLR4 activation in both the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). We used monocytes/macrophages (RAW264.7) as a model of peripheral immune signaling and studied innately activated TLR4 in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats. LPS activated the TLR4 pathway in RAW264.7 cells as evidenced by increased levels of p-TAK1, TRAF6, NF-κB p50, phospho-NF-κB- p65, pCREB, HMGB1, and inflammatory mediators, including MCP-1 and TNFα. Both 3α,5α-THP and pregnenolone (0.5–1.0μM) substantially (~80%) inhibited these effects, indicating pronounced inhibition of TLR4 signaling. The mechanism of inhibition appears to involve blockade of TLR4/MD-2 protein interactions in RAW246.7 cells. In VTA, 3α,5α-THP (15 mg/kg, IP) administration reduced TRAF6 (~20%), CRF (~30%), and MCP-1 (~20%) levels, as well as TLR4 binding to GABAA receptor α2 subunits (~60%) and MyD88 (~40%). The data suggest that inhibition of proinflammatory neuroimmune signaling underlies protective effects of 3α,5α-THP in immune cells and brain, apparently involving blocking of protein-protein interactions that initiate TLR4-dependent signaling. Inhibition of pro-inflammatory TLR4 activation represents a new mechanism of 3α,5α-THP action in the periphery and the brain.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen Q, Xiang J, Gong R, Fang HY, Xu CC, Zhang HZ, Wu YQ. Atorvastatin downregulates HSP22 expression in an atherosclerotic model in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:821-829. [PMID: 30535427 PMCID: PMC6317682 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the pathological functions of heat shock protein 22 (HSP22) is the association with inflammatory diseases and atherosclerosis. However, the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) or oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) combined with atorvastatin (ATV) on HSP22 expression are entirely unknown. The present study investigated the effects of ATV on HSP22 expression in HFD-induced atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice and in ox-LDL-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, the influence of HSP22-knockdown on the HFD- or ox-LDL-induced atherosclerotic model was also examined. It was found that HFD or ox-LDL treatment significantly increased HSP22 expression in the serum and aorta, accompanied by decreased phosphorylated (p)-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) activity and activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). However, these effects were suppressed by treatment with ATV. Furthermore, HSP22-knockdown showed reduced ox-LDL-induced lesions, evidenced by increased p-eNOS activity and inactivated p38 MAPK, while suppression of cell proliferation inhibition and cell cycle arrest were also observed. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that HFD or ox-LDL increased the expression of HSP22 and p-p38 MAPK, and decreased the p-eNOS activity in vitro and in vivo, and ATV could reduce the effects by downregulating HSP22 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ren Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yang Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Cong-Cong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The GABA A Receptor α2 Subunit Activates a Neuronal TLR4 Signal in the Ventral Tegmental Area that Regulates Alcohol and Nicotine Abuse. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8040072. [PMID: 29690521 PMCID: PMC5924408 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism initiates with episodes of excessive alcohol drinking, known as binge drinking, which is one form of excessive drinking (NIAAA Newsletter, 2004) that is related to impulsivity and anxiety (Ducci et al., 2007; Edenberg et al., 2004) and is also predictive of smoking status. The predisposition of non-alcohol exposed subjects to initiate binge drinking is controlled by neuroimmune signaling that includes an innately activated neuronal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal. This signal also regulates cognitive impulsivity, a heritable trait that defines drug abuse initiation. However, the mechanism of signal activation, its function in dopaminergic (TH+) neurons within the reward circuitry implicated in drug-seeking behavior [viz. the ventral tegmental area (VTA)], and its contribution to nicotine co-abuse are still poorly understood. We report that the γ-aminobutyric acidA receptor (GABAAR) α2 subunit activates the TLR4 signal in neurons, culminating in the activation (phosphorylation/nuclear translocation) of cyclic AMP response element binding (CREB) but not NF-kB transcription factors and the upregulation of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The signal is activated through α2/TLR4 interaction, as evidenced by co-immunoprecipitation, and it is present in the VTA from drug-untreated alcohol-preferring P rats. VTA infusion of neurotropic herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors for α2 (pHSVsiLA2) or TLR4 (pHSVsiTLR4) but not scrambled (pHSVsiNC) siRNA inhibits signal activation and both binge alcohol drinking and nicotine sensitization, suggesting that the α2-activated TLR4 signal contributes to the regulation of both alcohol and nicotine abuse.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sakai G, Tokuda H, Yamamoto N, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Fujita K, Kawabata T, Kozawa O, Otsuka T. Association of HSP22 with mTOR in osteoblasts: regulation of TNF-α-stimulated IL-6 synthesis. FEBS Lett 2018. [PMID: 29532456 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 22 (HSP22) is ubiquitously expressed in various types of cells including in osteoblasts. We previously reported that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulates interleukin (IL)-6 synthesis via p44/p42 MAPK in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells and that mTOR/p70 S6 kinase (p70 S6K) negatively regulates the IL-6 synthesis. In this study, we investigated the involvement of HSP22 in TNF-α-stimulated-IL-6 synthesis and the underlying mechanism in MC3T3-E1 cells. HSP22 knockdown reduces TNF-α-stimulated release of IL-6. In addition, HSP22 knockdown strengthens TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of p70 S6K but suppresses that of p44/p42 MAPK. HSP22 coimmunoprecipitates with mTOR. HSP22 knockdown increases the basal levels of phosphorylated mTOR. These results strongly suggest that HSP22 interacts with mTOR and regulates TNF-α-induced IL-6 synthesis in osteoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Go Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory/Biobank of Medical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Fujita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kawabata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takanobu Otsuka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Exploring the multifaceted roles of heat shock protein B8 (HSPB8) in diseases. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:216-229. [PMID: 29555102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HSPB8 is a member of ubiquitous small heat shock protein (sHSP) family, whose expression is induced in response to a wide variety of unfavorable physiological and environmental conditions. Investigation of HSPB8 structure indicated that HSPB8 belongs to the group of so-called intrinsically disordered proteins and possesses a highly flexible structure. Unlike most other sHSPs, HSPB8 tends to form small-molecular-mass oligomers and exhibits substrate-dependent chaperone activity. In cooperation with BAG3, the chaperone activity of HSPB8 was reported to be involved in the delivery of misfolded proteins to the autophagy machinery. Through this way, HSPB8 interferes with pathological processes leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, published studies have identified genetic links between mutations of HSPB8 and some kind of neuromuscular diseases, further supporting its important role in neurodegenerative disorders. In addition to their anti-aggregation properties, HSPB8 is indicated to interact with a wide range of client proteins, modulating their maturations and activities, and therefore, regulates a large repertoire of cellular functions, including apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation and etc. As a result, HSPB8 has key roles in cancer biology, autoimmune diseases, cardiac diseases and cerebral vascular diseases.
Collapse
|
15
|
Heat shock protein 22 (HSPB8) reduces the migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the suppression of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1629-1639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
16
|
Yamamoto N, Tokuda H, Kuroyanagi G, Kainuma S, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Fujita K, Kozawa O, Otsuka T. Heat shock protein 22 (HSPB8) limits TGF-β-stimulated migration of osteoblasts. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 436:1-9. [PMID: 27396899 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are induced in response to various physiological and environmental conditions such as chemical and heat stress, and recognized to function as molecular chaperones. HSP22 (HSPB8), a low-molecular weight HSP, is ubiquitously expressed in many cell types. However, the precise role of HSP22 in bone metabolism remains to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated whether HSP22 is implicated in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-stimulated migration of osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. Although protein levels of HSP22 were clearly detected in unstimulated MC3T3-E1 cells, TGF-β failed to induce the protein levels. The TGF-β-stimulated migration was significantly up-regulated by knockdown of HSP22 expression. The cell migration stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor-BB was also enhanced by HSP22 knockdown. SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, PD98059, an inhibitor of MEK1/2, or SP600125, an inhibitor of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase had no effects on the TGF-β-induced migration. SIS3, a specific inhibitor of TGF-β-dependent Smad3 phosphorylation, significantly reduced the migration with or without TGF-β stimulation. Smad2, Smad3, Smad4 or Smad7 was not coimmunoprecipitated with HSP22. On the other hand, the TGF-β-induced Smad2 phosphorylation was enhanced by HSP22 down-regulation. The protein levels of TGF-β type II receptor (TGF-β RII) but not TGF-β type I receptor (TGF-β RI) was significantly up-regulated in HSP22 knockdown cells compared with those in the control cells. However, the levels of TGF-β RII mRNA in HSP22 knockdown cells were little different from those of the control cells. Neither TGF-β RI nor TGF-β RII was coimmunoprecipitated with HSP22. SIS3 reduced the amplification by HSP22 knockdown of the TGF-β-stimulated cell migration almost to the basal level. Our results strongly suggest that HSP22 functions as a negative regulator in the TGF-β-stimulated migration of osteoblasts via suppression of the Smad-dependent pathway, resulting from modulating the protein levels of TGF-β RII.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Gen Kuroyanagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Shingo Kainuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Fujita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takanobu Otsuka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kudoh A, Miyakawa K, Matsunaga S, Matsushima Y, Kosugi I, Kimura H, Hayakawa S, Sawasaki T, Ryo A. H11/HSPB8 Restricts HIV-2 Vpx to Restore the Anti-Viral Activity of SAMHD1. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:883. [PMID: 27379031 PMCID: PMC4904303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-host interactions play vital roles in viral replication and virus-induced pathogenesis. Viruses rely entirely upon host cells to reproduce progeny viruses; however, host factors positively or negatively regulate virus replication by interacting with viral proteins. The elucidation of virus-host protein interaction not only provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which host cells combat viral infections, but also facilitates the development of new anti-viral therapeutics. Identification of relevant host factors requires techniques that enable comprehensive characterization of virus-host protein interactions. In this study, we developed a proteomic approach to systematically identify human protein kinases that interact potently with viral proteins. For this purpose, we synthesized 412 full-length human protein kinases using the wheat germ cell-free protein synthesis system, and screened them for their association with a virus protein using the amplified luminescent proximity homogenous assay (AlphaScreen). Using this system, we attempted to discover a robust anti-viral host restriction mechanism targeting virus protein X (Vpx) of HIV-2. The screen identified H11/HSPB8 as a Vpx-binding protein that negatively regulates the stability and function of Vpx. Indeed, overexpression of H11/HSPB8 promoted the degradation of Vpx via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and inhibited its interaction with SAMHD1, a host restriction factor responsible for blocking replication of HIV. Conversely, targeted knockdown of H11/HSPB8 in human trophoblast cells, which ordinarily express high levels of this protein, restored the expression and function of Vpx, making the cells highly susceptible to viral replication. These results demonstrate that our proteomic approach represents a powerful tool for revealing virus-host interaction not yet identified by conventional methods. Furthermore, we showed that H11/HSPB8 could be a potential host regulatory factor that may prevent placental infection of HIV-2 during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Kudoh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kei Miyakawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsunaga
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsushima
- Kawasaki City Health and Safety Research Center Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Isao Kosugi
- Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kimura
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sehgal SA, Mannan S, Ali S. Pharmacoinformatic and molecular docking studies reveal potential novel antidepressants against neurodegenerative disorders by targeting HSPB8. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:1605-18. [PMID: 27226709 PMCID: PMC4866741 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is an inherited peripheral neuromuscular disorder characterized by length-dependent and progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves, leading to muscular weakness. Research has shown that mutated HSPB8 may be responsible for depression, neurodegenerative disorders, and improper functioning of peripheral nerves, resulting in neuromuscular disorders like CMT. In the current work, a hybrid approach of virtual screening and molecular docking studies was followed by homology modeling and pharmacophore identification. Detailed screening analyses were carried out by 2-D similarity search against prescribed antidepressant drugs with physicochemical properties. LigandScout was employed to ascertain novel molecules and pharmacophore properties. In this study, we report three novel compounds that showed maximum binding affinity with HSPB8. Docking analysis elucidated that Met37, Ser57, Ser58, Trp60, Thr63, Thr114, Lys115, Asp116, Gly117, Val152, Val154, Leu186, Asp189, Ser190, Gln191, and Glu192 are critical residues for ligand-receptor interactions. Our analyses suggested paroxetine as a potent compound for targeting HSPB8. Selected compounds have more effective energy scores than the selected drug analogs. Additionally, site-directed mutagenesis could be significant for further analysis of the binding pocket. The novel findings based on an in silico approach may be momentous for potent drug design against depression and CMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Arslan Sehgal
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Mannan
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Sannia Ali
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
França MS, Moron AF, Araujo Júnior E, Avedissian M, Pares DBS, Nardozza LMM, Jaqueta CB, Mello LEAM. Neonatal neuronal apoptosis after betamethasone administration in pregnant Wistar rats. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:1089-93. [PMID: 25923240 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1035639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the apoptosis of cortical and hippocampal neurons in newborn following the intramuscular administration of betamethasone in pregnant Wistar rats. METHODS Betamethasone or placebo was administered to 10 pregnant rats. Subsequently, 98 newborns were analyzed in three different groups: therapeutic dose (TD, 20 mg/kg), triple therapeutic dose (3TD, 60 mg/kg), and nine times TD (9TD, 180 mg/kg). Forty-four newborns were injected with placebo (control subjects--CTR). Neuronal apoptosis was measured by immunofluorescence using the TUNEL assay. The one-way analysis of variance, Tukey-Kramer (parametric) test and Kruskal-Wallis (non-parametric) test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The CA1 area of the hippocampus of TD and 3TD groups showed significant differences from that of the CTR group (p < 0.001). Compared to the CTR group, there was increased neuronal apoptosis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of animals in TD and 3TD groups (p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in CA2 and CA3 regions as well as in amygdala and cortex. CONCLUSION Prenatal administration of betamethasone leads to significant changes in neuronal apoptosis in CA1 and DG regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcelo Avedissian
- b Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology, Paulista School of Medicine , Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | | | | | - Carolina Barros Jaqueta
- b Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology, Paulista School of Medicine , Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Luiz Eugênio Araujo Moraes Mello
- b Department of Physiology, Division of Neurophysiology, Paulista School of Medicine , Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Suzuki M, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Kuroyanagi G, Suzuki N, Takamatsu R, Furui T, Yoshimi N, Kozawa O, Morishige KI. Regulation by heat shock protein 22 (HSPB8) of transforming growth factor-α-induced ovary cancer cell migration. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 571:40-9. [PMID: 25731856 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that heat shock proteins (HSPs) are implicated in progression of cancer. HSP22 (HSPB8), a small HSP, is recognized to be ubiquitously expressed in various tissues. However, the expression and the role of HSP22 in ovarian cancer remain to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of HSP22 in transforming growth factor (TGF)-α-induced migration of ovarian cancer cells. The expression of HSP22 was detected in a serous ovarian cancer cell line, SKOV3.ip1. The migration was reduced by down-regulation of HSP22 expression. The TGF-α-induced migration was reduced by SB203580 (a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor), SP600125 (a SAPK/JNK inhibitor) and Y27632 (a Rho-kinase inhibitor). However, down-regulation of HSP22 had little effect on the TGF-α-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase, SAPK/JNK and MYPT, a target protein of Rho-kinase. The HSP22 expression was further analyzed in 20 resected specimens of human ovarian serous carcinoma. The expression of HSP22 was detected in all the twenty tissues (8.24-109.22 pg/mg protein), and the cases with highly expression of HSP22 showed a tendency to acquire the progressive ability. Our results strongly suggest that HSP22 acts as a positive regulator in TGF-α-induced migration of ovarian cancer cells, subsequently directing ovarian cancer toward progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | | | - Gen Kuroyanagi
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Noriko Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Reika Takamatsu
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Furui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshimi
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Ken-ichirou Morishige
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guilbert SM, Varlet AA, Fuchs M, Lambert H, Landry J, Lavoie JN. Regulation of Actin-Based Structure Dynamics by HspB Proteins and Partners. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16077-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
22
|
Bayeva M, Sawicki KT, Butler J, Gheorghiade M, Ardehali H. Molecular and cellular basis of viable dysfunctional myocardium. Circ Heart Fail 2014; 7:680-91. [PMID: 25028350 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.113.000912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bayeva
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.B., K.T.S., M.G., H.A.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.B.)
| | - Konrad Teodor Sawicki
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.B., K.T.S., M.G., H.A.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.B.)
| | - Javed Butler
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.B., K.T.S., M.G., H.A.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.B.)
| | - Mihai Gheorghiade
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.B., K.T.S., M.G., H.A.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.B.)
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.B., K.T.S., M.G., H.A.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.B.).
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Blair LJ, Sabbagh JJ, Dickey CA. Targeting Hsp90 and its co-chaperones to treat Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:1219-32. [PMID: 25069659 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.943185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease, characterized by the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau and β amyloid (Aβ), currently lacks effective treatment. Chaperone proteins, such as the heat shock protein (Hsp) 90, form macromolecular complexes with co-chaperones, which can regulate tau metabolism and Aβ processing. Although small molecule inhibitors of Hsp90 have been successful at ameliorating tau and Aβ burden, their development into drugs to treat disease has been slow due to the off- and on-target effects of this approach as well as challenges with the pharmacology of current scaffolds. Thus, other approaches are being developed to improve these compounds and to target co-chaperones of Hsp90 in an effort to limit these liabilities. AREAS COVERED This article discusses the most current developments in Hsp90 inhibitors including advances in blood-brain barrier permeability, decreased toxicity and homolog-specific small-molecule inhibitors. In addition, we discuss current strategies targeting Hsp90 co-chaperones rather than Hsp90 itself to reduce off-target effects. EXPERT OPINION Although Hsp90 inhibitors have proven their efficacy at reducing tau pathology, they have yet to meet with success in the clinic. The development of Hsp90/tau complex-specific inhibitors and further development of Hsp90 co-chaperone-specific drugs should yield more potent, less toxic therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Blair
- University of South Florida, USF Health Byrd Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine , 4001 E. Fletcher Avenue, Tampa, FL 33613 , USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li XS, Xu Q, Fu XY, Luo WS. Heat shock protein 22 overexpression is associated with the progression and prognosis in gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:1305-13. [PMID: 24804817 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The heat shock protein 22 (HSP22) is associated with tumor proliferation and protects tumor cell from apoptosis in many malignancies. However, the role of HSP22 in gastric cancer has not been thoroughly elucidated. The aim was to determine the relationship of HSP22 expression with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in gastric cancer and estimate the alteration of HSP22 expression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS HSP22 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) antigen expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 129 gastric carcinoma samples. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between HSP22 expression and prognosis. The response of HSP22 was assessed in 47 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS HSP22 protein expression was significantly associated with tumor size, depth invasion, lymph node metastasis and stage of disease (all P < 0.05). In univariate and multivariate analyses, HSP22 was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively). Furthermore, HSP22 overexpression was associated with a poor prognosis in all patients and in patients subgroups stratified by tumor size, depth invasion and lymph node metastasis. In addition, HSP22 was significantly correlated with MMP-9 among 129 gastric cancer tissues (P < 0.001). Patients who had MMP-9 overexpression had poor OS and shorter RFS. Moreover, the alteration of HSP22 was not comparable in 47 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS HSP22 plays an important role on tumor aggressiveness and prognosis and may act as a promising target for prognostic prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-shan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dubińska-Magiera M, Jabłońska J, Saczko J, Kulbacka J, Jagla T, Daczewska M. Contribution of small heat shock proteins to muscle development and function. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:517-30. [PMID: 24440355 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigations undertaken over the past years have led scientists to introduce the concept of protein quality control (PQC) systems, which are responsible for polypeptide processing. The PQC system monitors proteostasis and involves activity of different chaperones such as small heat shock proteins (sHSPs). These proteins act during normal conditions as housekeeping proteins regulating cellular processes, and during stress conditions. They also mediate the removal of toxic misfolded polypeptides and thereby prevent development of pathogenic states. It is postulated that sHSPs are involved in muscle development. They could act via modulation of myogenesis or by maintenance of the structural integrity of signaling complexes. Moreover, mutations in genes coding for sHSPs lead to pathological states affecting muscular tissue functioning. This review focuses on the question how sHSPs, still relatively poorly understood proteins, contribute to the development and function of three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac and smooth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda Dubińska-Magiera
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Jabłońska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Jagla
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U384, Faculté de Medecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Małgorzata Daczewska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
H11/HspB8 and Its Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Homologue ICP10PK Share Functions That Regulate Cell Life/Death Decisions and Human Disease. Autoimmune Dis 2012; 2012:395329. [PMID: 23056924 PMCID: PMC3463903 DOI: 10.1155/2012/395329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHsp) also known as HspB are a large family of widely expressed proteins that contain a 90 residues domain known as α-crystallin. Here, we focus on the family member H11/HspB8 and its herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) homologue ICP10PK, and discuss the possible impact of this relationship on human disease. H11/HspB8 and ICP10PK are atypical protein kinases. They share multi-functional activity that encompasses signaling, unfolded protein response (UPR) and the regulation of life cycle potential. In melanocytes H11/HspB8 causes growth arrest. It is silenced in a high proportion of melanoma prostate cancer, Ewing's sarcoma and hematologic malignancies through aberrant DNA methylation. Its restored expression induces cell death and inhibits tumor growth in xenograft models, identifying H11/HspB8 as a tumor suppressor. This function involves the activation of multiple and distinct death pathways, all of which initiate with H11/HspB8-mediated phosphorylation of transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Both ICP10PK and H11/HspB8 were implicated in inflammatory processes that involve dendritic cells activation through Toll-like receptor-dependent pathways and may contribute to the onset of autoimmunity. The potential evolutionary relationship of H11/HspB8 to ICP10PK, its impact on human disorders and the development of therapeutic strategies are discussed.
Collapse
|
27
|
Restored expression of the atypical heat shock protein H11/HspB8 inhibits the growth of genetically diverse melanoma tumors through activation of novel TAK1-dependent death pathways. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e371. [PMID: 22898869 PMCID: PMC3434666 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive and drug-resistant cancer in need of improved therapeutic strategies. Restored expression of transcriptionally silenced genes is a potential approach, but it is limited by the genetic diversity of the melanoma tumors. The atypical heat shock protein H11/HspB8 has kinase activity and is silenced in melanoma through aberrant DNA methylation. We report that its restored expression induces the death of genetically diverse melanoma lines and inhibits tumor growth through the activation of novel TAK1-dependent death pathways. These include (i) caspase-1 activation independent of the inflammasome through upregulation of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), (ii) Beclin-1 upregulation through phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) at S2481 and (iii) apoptosis caused by caspase-1-mediated Beclin-1 cleavage. These data extend current understanding of cell death-associated functions, underscore the strong therapeutic promise of H11/HspB8 and identify TAK1 as a potential intervention target in melanoma.
Collapse
|
28
|
Laure L, Long R, Lizano P, Zini R, Berdeaux A, Depre C, Morin D. Cardiac H11 kinase/Hsp22 stimulates oxidative phosphorylation and modulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production: Involvement of a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:2168-76. [PMID: 22542467 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
H11 kinase/Hsp22 (Hsp22), a small heat shock protein upregulated by ischemia/reperfusion, provides cardioprotection equal to ischemic preconditioning (IPC) through a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism. A main target of NO-mediated preconditioning is the mitochondria, where NO reduces O₂ consumption and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during ischemia. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that Hsp22 overexpression modulates mitochondrial function through an NO-sensitive mechanism. In cardiac mitochondria isolated from transgenic (TG) mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of Hsp22, mitochondrial basal, ADP-dependent, and uncoupled O₂ consumption was increased in the presence of either glucidic or lipidic substrates. This was associated with a decrease in the maximal capabilities of complexes I and III to generate superoxide anion in combination with an inhibition of superoxide anion production by the reverse electron flow. NO synthase expression and NO production were increased in mitochondria from TG mice. Hsp22-induced increase in O₂ consumption was abolished either by pretreatment of TG mice with the NO synthase inhibitor L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or in isolated mitochondria by the NO scavenger phenyltetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide. L-NAME pretreatment also restored the reverse electron flow. After anoxia, mitochondria from TG mice showed a reduction in both oxidative phosphorylation and H₂O₂ production, an effect partially reversed by L-NAME. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Hsp22 overexpression increases the capacity of mitochondria to produce NO, which stimulates oxidative phosphorylation in normoxia and decreases oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species production after anoxia. Such characteristics replicate those conferred by IPC, thereby placing Hsp22 as a potential tool for prophylactic protection of mitochondrial function during ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Laure
- INSERM U955, Equipe 03, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Acunzo J, Katsogiannou M, Rocchi P. Small heat shock proteins HSP27 (HspB1), αB-crystallin (HspB5) and HSP22 (HspB8) as regulators of cell death. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:1622-31. [PMID: 22521623 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hsp27, αB-crystallin and HSP22 are ubiquitous small heat shock proteins (sHsp) whose expression is induced in response to a wide variety of unfavorable physiological and environmental conditions. These sHsp protect cells from otherwise lethal conditions mainly by their involvement in cell death pathways such as necrosis, apoptosis or autophagy. At a molecular level, the mechanisms accounting for sHsp functions in cell death are (1) prevention of denatured proteins aggregation, (2) regulation of caspase activity, (3) regulation of the intracellular redox state, (4) function in actin polymerization and cytoskeleton integrity and (5) proteasome-mediated degradation of selected proteins. In cancer cells, these sHsp are often overexpressed and associated with increased tumorigenicity, cancer cells metastatic potential and resistance to chemotherapy. Altogether, these properties suggest that Hsp27, αB-crystallin and Hsp22 are appropriate targets for modulating cell death pathways. In the present, we briefly review recent reports showing molecular evidence of cell death regulation by these sHsp and co-chaperones. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Small HSPs in physiology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Acunzo
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, UMR1068 Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmette, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mymrikov EV, Seit-Nebi AS, Gusev NB. Large potentials of small heat shock proteins. Physiol Rev 2011; 91:1123-59. [PMID: 22013208 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00023.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern classification of the family of human small heat shock proteins (the so-called HSPB) is presented, and the structure and properties of three members of this family are analyzed in detail. Ubiquitously expressed HSPB1 (HSP27) is involved in the control of protein folding and, when mutated, plays a significant role in the development of certain neurodegenerative disorders. HSPB1 directly or indirectly participates in the regulation of apoptosis, protects the cell against oxidative stress, and is involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton. HSPB6 (HSP20) also possesses chaperone-like activity, is involved in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, has pronounced cardioprotective activity, and seems to participate in insulin-dependent regulation of muscle metabolism. HSPB8 (HSP22) prevents accumulation of aggregated proteins in the cell and participates in the regulation of proteolysis of unfolded proteins. HSPB8 also seems to be directly or indirectly involved in regulation of apoptosis and carcinogenesis, contributes to cardiac cell hypertrophy and survival and, when mutated, might be involved in development of neurodegenerative diseases. All small heat shock proteins play important "housekeeping" roles and regulate many vital processes; therefore, they are considered as attractive therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny V Mymrikov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
The Gln32Lys polymorphism in HSP22 of Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri is associated with heat tolerance. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28564. [PMID: 22162777 PMCID: PMC3230588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat shock protein 22 is a member of small heat shock proteins with molecular chaperone activity. Though their multiple functions have been well characterized, there is no report about the association between the polymorphisms of HSP22 and heat tolerance. Methodology Three single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in HSP22 from scallop Chlamys farreri (CfHSP22), and the +94 C-A locus was found to be nonsynonymous. Three genotypes at locus +94, A/A, A/C and C/C, were revealed by using Bi-PASA PCR analysis, and their frequencies were 19.5%, 27.6% and 52.9% in the heat resistant stock, while 9.3%, 17.4% and 73.3% in the heat susceptible stock, respectively. The frequency differences of the three genotypes were significant (P<0.05) between the two stocks. After incubating at 30°C for 84 h, the cumulative mortality of scallops with +94 C/C genotype and +94 A/C genotypes was 95% and 90%, respectively, which was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of scallops with +94 A/A genotype (70%). The molecular chaperone activity of two His-tagged fusion proteins, rCfHSP22Q with +94 C/C genotype and rCfHSP22K with +94 A/A genotype were analyzed by testing the ability of protecting citrate synthase (CS) against thermal inactivation in vitro. After incubated with rCfHSP22Q or rCfHSP22K at 38°C for 1 h, the activity of CS lost 50% and 45%, and then recovered to 89% and 95% of the original activity following 1 h restoration at 22°C, respectively, indicating that the mutation from Gln to Lys at this site might have an impact on molecular chaperone activities of CfHSP22. Conclusions These results implied that the polymorphism at locus +94 of CfHSP22 was associated with heat tolerance of scallop, and the +94 A/A genotype could be a potential marker available in future selection of Zhikong scallop with heat tolerance.
Collapse
|
32
|
Cui XY, Wang N, Yang BX, Gao WF, Lin YM, Yao XR, Ma XT. HSPB8 is methylated in hematopoietic malignancies and overexpression of HSPB8 exhibits antileukemia effect. Exp Hematol 2011; 40:14-21. [PMID: 21914495 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
HSPB8 has been shown to be involved in regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, and it has also been found to have divergent properties in solid tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and function of HSPB8 in hematopoietic malignancies. Expression and induced expression of HSPB8 was evaluated in hematopoietic tumor cell lines and bone marrow samples from patients with leukemia. Methylation status was investigated by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The role of HSPB8 in hematopoietic malignancies was addressed by reintroducing HSPB8 expression into the K562 (leukemia) and Namalwa (lymphoma) cell lines. Expression of HSPB8 was absent in hematopoietic tumor cell lines and primary patient and normal volunteer samples. Promoter DNA methylation of HSPB8 was observed in these cells. HSPB8 expression could be restored after demethylation treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Overexpression of HSPB8 reduced colony formation of both K562 and Namalwa cell lines, inhibited the cell growth of Namalwa in vitro, and suppressed tumor formation of K562 cells in vivo. The present study demonstrates that HSPB8 is silenced by DNA methylation in hematopoietic malignant and normal cells and its expression can be induced by treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Overexpression of HSPB8 may have an antitumor activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia and lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Qiu H, Lizano P, Laure L, Sui X, Rashed E, Park JY, Hong C, Gao S, Holle E, Morin D, Dhar SK, Wagner T, Berdeaux A, Tian B, Vatner SF, Depre C. H11 kinase/heat shock protein 22 deletion impairs both nuclear and mitochondrial functions of STAT3 and accelerates the transition into heart failure on cardiac overload. Circulation 2011; 124:406-15. [PMID: 21747053 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.110.013847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac overload, a major cause of heart failure, induces the expression of the heat shock protein H11 kinase/Hsp22 (Hsp22). METHODS AND RESULTS To determine the specific function of Hsp22 in that context, a knockout mouse model of Hsp22 deletion was generated. Although comparable to wild-type mice in basal conditions, knockout mice exposed to pressure overload developed less hypertrophy and showed ventricular dilation, impaired contractile function, increased myocyte length and accumulation of interstitial collagen, faster transition into heart failure, and increased mortality. Microarrays revealed that hearts from knockout mice failed to transactivate genes regulated by the transcription factor STAT3. Accordingly, nuclear STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation was decreased in knockout mice. Silencing and overexpression experiments in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes showed that Hsp22 activates STAT3 via production of interleukin-6 by the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB. In addition to its transcriptional function, STAT3 translocates to the mitochondria where it increases oxidative phosphorylation. Both mitochondrial STAT3 translocation and respiration were also significantly decreased in knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS This study found that Hsp22 represents a previously undescribed activator of both nuclear and mitochondrial functions of STAT3, and its deletion in the context of pressure overload in vivo accelerates the transition into heart failure and increases mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Qiu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 S Orange Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Smith CC, Li B, Liu J, Lee KS, Aurelian L. The Levels of H11/HspB8 DNA methylation in human melanoma tissues and xenografts are a critical molecular marker for 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine therapy. Cancer Invest 2011; 29:383-95. [PMID: 21649464 PMCID: PMC3111925 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2011.584588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
H11/HspB8 is a functionally distinct small heat shock protein. It causes growth arrest in melanocytes, associated with the inhibition of Cyclin E/Cdk2 and β-catenin phosphorylation at the transcriptional activity site Ser(552) and is silenced through DNA methylation in 27/35 (77%) melanoma tissues/early cultures. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Aza-C) induces melanoma cell death correlated with the levels of H11/HspB8 DNA methylation (p < .001). In line with low/moderate H11/HspB8 methylation, PI3-K inhibition increases Aza-C-induced cell death. Aza-C inhibits the growth of melanoma xenografts related to the levels of H11/HspB8 methylation, and a nonmethylated/non-TAK1 binding H11/HspB8 mutant confers Aza-C resistance. H11/HspB8 is a potential molecular marker for demethylation therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia C. Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Baiquan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Kie-Sok Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Laure Aurelian
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen L, Lizano P, Zhao X, Sui X, Dhar SK, Shen YT, Vatner DE, Vatner SF, Depre C. Preemptive conditioning of the swine heart by H11 kinase/Hsp22 provides cardiac protection through inducible nitric oxide synthase. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 300:H1303-10. [PMID: 21317305 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00979.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The second window of ischemic preconditioning (SWOP) provides maximal protection against ischemia through regulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), yet its application is limited by the inconvenience of the preliminary ischemic stimulus required for prophylaxis. Overexpression of H11 kinase/Hsp22 (Hsp22) in a transgenic mouse model provides cardioprotection against ischemia that is equivalent to that conferred by SWOP. We hypothesized that short-term, prophylactic overexpression of Hsp22 would offer an alternative to SWOP in reducing ischemic damage through a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism. Adeno-mediated overexpression of Hsp22 was achieved in the area at risk of the left circumflex (Cx) coronary artery in chronically instrumented swine and compared with LacZ controls (n = 5/group). Hsp22-injected myocardium showed an average fourfold increase in Hsp22 protein expression compared with controls and a doubling in iNOS expression (both P < 0.05). Four days after ischemia-reperfusion, regional wall thickening was reduced by 58 ± 2% in the Hsp22 group vs. 82 ± 7% in the LacZ group, and Hsp22 reduced infarct size by 40% (both P < 0.05 vs. LacZ). Treatment with the NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) before ischemia suppressed the protection induced by Hsp22. In isolated cardiomyocytes, Hsp22 increased iNOS expression through the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT, the same effectors activated by SWOP, and reduced by 60% H(2)O(2)-mediated apoptosis, which was also abolished by NOS inhibitors. Therefore, short-term, prophylactic conditioning by Hsp22 provides NO-dependent cardioprotection that reproduces the signaling of SWOP, placing Hsp22 as a potential alternative for preemptive treatment of myocardial ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, 07103, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shemetov AA, Seit-Nebi AS, Bukach OV, Gusev NB. Phosphorylation by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibits chaperone-like activity of human HSP22 in vitro. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2011; 73:200-8. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297908020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
37
|
Sui X, Li D, Qiu H, Gaussin V, Depre C. Activation of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor by H11Kinase/Hsp22 Promotes Cardiac Cell Growth and Survival. Circ Res 2009; 104:887-95. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.108.192328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhen Sui
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark
| | - Dan Li
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark
| | - Vinciane Gaussin
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark
| | - Christophe Depre
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Carra S, Brunsting JF, Lambert H, Landry J, Kampinga HH. HspB8 participates in protein quality control by a non-chaperone-like mechanism that requires eIF2{alpha} phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:5523-32. [PMID: 19114712 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807440200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of mutated proteins is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington disease. We previously reported that overexpression of the HspB8.Bag3 chaperone complex suppresses mutated huntingtin aggregation via autophagy. Classically, HspB proteins are thought to act as ATP-independent molecular chaperones that can bind unfolded proteins and facilitate their processing via the help of ATP-dependent chaperones such as the Hsp70 machine, in which Bag3 may act as a molecular link between HspB, Hsp70, and the ubiquitin ligases. However, here we show that HspB8 and Bag3 act in a non-canonical manner unrelated to the classical chaperone model. Rather, HspB8 and Bag3 induce the phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of the translation initiator factor eIF2, which in turn causes a translational shut-down and stimulates autophagy. This function of HspB8.Bag3 does not require Hsp70 and also targets fully folded substrates. HspB8.Bag3 activity was independent of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress kinase PERK, demonstrating that its action is unrelated to ER stress and suggesting that it activates stress-mediated translational arrest and autophagy through a novel pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Carra
- Department of Radiation and Stress Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Marvin M, O'Rourke D, Kurihara T, Juliano CE, Harrison KL, Hutson LD. Developmental expression patterns of the zebrafish small heat shock proteins. Dev Dyn 2008; 237:454-63. [PMID: 18161059 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs), or alpha-crystallins, are low-molecular weight proteins found in every kingdom and nearly every species examined to date. Many, if not all, sHSPs act as molecular chaperones. Several also have functions independent of their chaperone activity, and at least a few are expressed in specific spatiotemporal patterns during embryonic and/or juvenile stages, suggesting specific roles during development. To date, however, no one has systematically characterized the expression patterns of all of the sHSPs during development in any organism. We have characterized the normal heat shock-induced expression patterns of all 13 zebrafish sHSPs during development. Seven of the sHSPs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner during development, and five are upregulated by heat shock. The results of these studies provide a foundation for analysis of sHSP function during normal development and their roles in protecting cells from the effects environmental stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Marvin
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts 01267, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sun X, Fontaine JM, Bartl I, Behnam B, Welsh MJ, Benndorf R. Induction of Hsp22 (HspB8) by estrogen and the metalloestrogen cadmium in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2008; 12:307-19. [PMID: 18229450 DOI: 10.1379/csc-276.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen (E2) plays a critical role in the etiology and progression of human breast cancer. The estrogenic response is complex and not completely understood, including in terms of the involved responsive genes. Here we show that Hsp22 (synonyms: HspB8, E2lG1, H11), a member of the small heat shock protein (sHSP) superfamily, was induced by E2 in estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells, resulting in an elevated Hsp22 protein level, whereas it was not induced in estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. This induction was prevented by the pure anti-estrogen ICI182780 (faslodex, fulvestrant), whereas tamoxifen, a substance with mixed estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties, had no major inhibitory effect on this induction, nor did it induce Hsp22 on its own. Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant with estrogenic properties (metalloestrogen) that has been implicated in breast cancer. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with Cd also resulted in induction of Hsp22, and this induction was also inhibited by ICI182780. In live MCF-7 cells, Hsp22 interacted at the level of dimers with Hsp27, a related sHSP, as was shown by quantitative fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements. In cytosolic extracts of MCF-7 cells, most of the E2- and Cd-induced Hsp22 was incorporated into high-molecular mass complexes. In part, Hsp22 and Hsp27 were components of distinct populations of these complexes. Finally, candidate elements in the Hsp22 promoter were identified by sequence analysis that could account for the induction of Hsp22 by E2 and Cd. Taken together, Hsp22 induction represents a new aspect of the estrogenic response with potential significance for the biology of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiankui Sun
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, 3065 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Shemetov AA, Seit-Nebi AS, Gusev NB. Structure, properties, and functions of the human small heat-shock protein HSP22 (HspB8, H11, E2IG1): A critical review. J Neurosci Res 2008; 86:264-9. [PMID: 17722063 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The recently described human HSP22 belongs to the superfamily of small heat-shock proteins containing a conservative alpha-crystallin domain. HSP22 seems to be involved in regulation of cell proliferation, cardiac hypertrophy, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis, and expression of point mutants of HSP22 correlates with development of different neuromuscular diseases. Therefore, an investigation of the structure and properties of HSP22 is desirable for understanding its multiple functions. HSP22 seems to belong to the group of so-called intrinsically disordered proteins and possesses a highly flexible structure. HSP22 tends to form small-molecular-mass oligomers and interacts with biological membranes and many different proteins, among them glycolytic enzymes and different protein kinases. HSP22 possesses chaperonelike activity and prevents aggregation of denatured proteins both in vitro and in vivo. Depending on the cell type and its expression, HSP22 might have either pro- or anti-apoptotic effects. Chaperonelike activity seems to be important for antiapoptotic effects, whereas interaction with and regulation of certain protein kinases might be important for the proapoptotic effects of HSP22. Expression of K141N or K141E mutants of HSP22 correlates with development of distal hereditary motor neuropathy and/or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. These mutations destabilize the structure of HSP22, affect its interaction with other small heat-shock proteins, and decrease its chaperonelike activity. HSP22 decreases or prevents aggregation of Huntingtin fragments and amyloid-beta peptide 1-40 of the Dutch type. Thus, HSP22 seems to play an important role in the nervous system, and further investigations are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms of its functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton A Shemetov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hu Z, Chen L, Zhang J, Li T, Tang J, Xu N, Wang X. Structure, function, property, and role in neurologic diseases and other diseases of the sHsp22. J Neurosci Res 2007; 85:2071-9. [PMID: 17304582 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins are members of the heat shock proteins family. They share important identical features: 1) they form the conserved structure 'alpha-crystallin domain' with about 80-100 residues in the C-terminal part of the proteins; 2) they have monomeric molecular masses ranging in 12-43 kDa; 3) they associate into large oligomers consisting in many cases of subunits; 4) they increase expression under stress conditions; 5) they exhibit a highly dynamic structure; and 6) they play a chaperone-like role. Hsp22 (also known as HspB8, H11, and E2IG1) retains the structural motif of the 'alpha-crystallin' family of Hsps and is a member of the superfamily of sHsps. Hsp22 displays chaperone activity, autokinase activity, and trigger or block apoptosis activity. It differs from canonical family members existing as a monomer. A decrease in the HspB8 activity may contribute to the development of some neurologic diseases and others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li B, Smith CC, Laing JM, Gober MD, Liu L, Aurelian L. Overload of the heat-shock protein H11/HspB8 triggers melanoma cell apoptosis through activation of transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1. Oncogene 2007; 26:3521-31. [PMID: 17173073 PMCID: PMC2643355 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2006] [Revised: 09/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/13/2006] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Molecular therapeutics is a recognized promising approach for melanoma, but relevant target genes remain elusive. We report that overload of the recently cloned H11/HspB8 induces apoptosis in 55% of examined melanoma cultures. Apoptosis was determined by activation of caspases-9 and -3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and was not seen in normal melanocytes. It was associated with H11/HspB8 complexation with transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase (TAK) 1 and activation of TAK1 and p38 mitogen activated protein 3 kinases. TAK1 was not bound, nor activated by the H11/HspB8 mutant W51C, which has dominant antiapoptotic activity. beta-Catenin was phosphorylated by activated TAK1, inhibiting its nuclear accumulation and mictophthalmia-associated transcription factor and cyclin dependent kinase 2 expression. The dominant-negative TAK1 mutant K63W inhibited beta-catenin phosphorylation and caspase activation. The data indicate that H11/HspB8 overload causes melanoma growth arrest and apoptosis through TAK1 activation and suggest that H11/HspB8 is a promising molecular therapy target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer M. Laing
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Michael D. Gober
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | | | - Laure Aurelian
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
H11 kinase (H11K) is a small heat shock protein expressed predominantly in the heart and skeletal muscle, which plays a critical role in the maintenance of cardiac cell survival and in promoting cell growth through the activation of complementary signaling pathways. An overexpression of H11K was detected in various forms of heart disease, both in animal models and in patients, including acute and chronic ventricular dysfunction, and myocardial hypertrophy. Overexpression of H11K was reproduced in a cardiac-specific transgenic model, which led to significant progress in understanding the role and mechanism of action of the protein. Increased expression of H11K confers a cardioprotection that is equivalent to ischemic preconditioning; it promotes cardiac hypertrophy while maintaining contractile function. The overexpression of H11K is sufficient to activate most of the signaling pathways involved in cardiac cell growth and survival, including the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt pathway, the AMP-dependent protein kinase, the PKCepsilon pathway of ischemic preconditioning, the nitric oxide pathway of delayed cardioprotection, and the mTOR pathway of cell growth. As a result, the survival response triggered by H11K in the heart includes antiapoptosis, cytoprotection, preconditioning, growth, and metabolic stimulation. In addition to activating signaling pathways, H11K promotes the subcellular translocation and crosstalk of intracellular messengers. This review discusses the biological function of H11K, its molecular mechanisms of action, and its potential therapeutic relevance. In particular, we discuss how preemptive conditioning of the heart by H11K might be beneficial for patients with ischemic heart disease who would be at risk of further irreversible cardiac damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilan J Danan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chowdary T, Raman B, Ramakrishna T, Rao C. Interaction of mammalian Hsp22 with lipid membranes. Biochem J 2007; 401:437-45. [PMID: 17020537 PMCID: PMC1820815 DOI: 10.1042/bj20061046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hsp22/HspB8 is a member of the small heat-shock protein family, whose function is not yet completely understood. Our immunolocalization studies in a human neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-SH, using confocal microscopy show that a significant fraction of Hsp22 is localized to the plasma membrane. We therefore investigated its interactions with lipid vesicles in vitro. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence is quenched in the presence of lipid vesicles derived from either bovine brain lipid extract or purified lipids. Time-resolved fluorescence studies show a decrease in the lifetimes of the tryptophan residues. Both of these results indicate burial of some tryptophan residues of Hsp22 upon interaction with lipid vesicles. Membrane interactions also lead to increase in fluorescence polarization of Hsp22. Gel-filtration chromatography shows that Hsp22 binds stably with lipid vesicles; the extent of binding depends on the nature of the lipid. Hsp22 binds more strongly to vesicles made of lipids containing a phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylinositol or phosphatidylserine headgroup (known to be present in the inner leaflet of plasma membrane) compared with lipid vesicles made of a phosphatidylcholine head-group alone. Far-UV CD spectra reveal conformational changes upon binding to the lipid vesicles or in membrane-mimetic solvent, trifluoroethanol. Thus our fluorescence, CD and gel-filtration studies show that Hsp22 interacts with membrane and this interaction leads to stable binding and conformational changes. The present study therefore clearly demonstrates that Hsp22 exhibits potential membrane interaction that may play an important role in its cellular functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bakthisaran Raman
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Tangirala Ramakrishna
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Correspondence may be addressed to either of these authors (email or )
| | - Ch. Mohan Rao
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Correspondence may be addressed to either of these authors (email or )
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kim MV, Kasakov AS, Seit-Nebi AS, Marston SB, Gusev NB. Structure and properties of K141E mutant of small heat shock protein HSP22 (HspB8, H11) that is expressed in human neuromuscular disorders. Arch Biochem Biophys 2006; 454:32-41. [PMID: 16949546 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2006.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2006] [Revised: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Some properties of the K141E mutant of human HSP22 that is expressed in distal hereditary motor neuropathy were investigated. This mutation slightly decreased intrinsic fluorescence of HSP22 and induced changes in the far UV CD spectra that correlate with increase of disordered structure. Destabilized K141E mutant was more susceptible to trypsinolysis than the wild type protein. Mutation K141E did not significantly affect the hydrophobic properties measured by bis-ANS binding and did not affect the quaternary structure of HSP22. With insulin as a substrate the chaperone-like activity of K141E mutant and the wild type protein were similar. However with alcohol dehydrogenase and rhodanese the chaperone-like activity of K141E mutant was remarkably lower than the corresponding activity of the wild type protein. It is concluded that K141E mutation induces destabilization of HSP22 structure and probably by this means diminish the chaperone-like activity of HSP22 with certain protein substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Many cellular signaling molecules exist in different conformations corresponding to active and inactive states. Transition between these states is regulated by reversible modifications, such as phosphorylation, or by binding of nucleotide triphosphates, their regulated hydrolysis to diphosphates, and their exchange against fresh triphosphates. Specificity and efficiency of cellular signaling is further maintained by regulated subcellular localization of signaling molecules as well as regulated protein-protein interaction. Hence, it is not surprising that molecular chaperones--proteins that are able to specifically interact with distinct conformations of other proteins--could per se interfere with cellular signaling. Hence, it is not surprising that chaperones have co-evolved as integral components of signaling networks where they can function in the maturation as well as in regulating the transition between active and inactive state of signaling molecules, such as receptors, transcriptional regulators and protein kinases. Furthermore, new classes of specific chaperones are emerging and their role in histone-mediated chromatin remodeling and RNA folding are under investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Gaestel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Depre C, Wang L, Sui X, Qiu H, Hong C, Hedhli N, Ginion A, Shah A, Pelat M, Bertrand L, Wagner T, Gaussin V, Vatner SF. H11 Kinase Prevents Myocardial Infarction by Preemptive Preconditioning of the Heart. Circ Res 2006; 98:280-8. [PMID: 16373598 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000201284.45482.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning confers powerful protection against myocardial infarction through pre-emptive activation of survival signaling pathways, but it remains difficult to apply to patients with ischemic heart disease, and its effects are transient. Promoting a sustained activation of preconditioning mechanisms in vivo would represent a novel approach of cardioprotection. We tested the role of the protein H11 kinase (H11K), which accumulates by 4- to 6-fold in myocardium of patients with chronic ischemic heart disease and in experimental models of ischemia. This increased expression was quantitatively reproduced in cardiac myocytes using a transgenic (TG) mouse model. After 45 minutes of coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion, hearts from TG mice showed an 82+/-5% reduction in infarct size compared with wild-type (WT), which was similar to the 84+/-4% reduction of infarct size observed in WT after a protocol of ischemic preconditioning. Hearts from TG mice showed significant activation of survival kinases participating in preconditioning, including Akt and the 5'AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). H11K directly binds to both Akt and AMPK and promotes their nuclear translocation and their association in a multiprotein complex, which results in a stimulation of survival mechanisms in cytosol and nucleus, including inhibition of proapoptotic effectors (glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, Bad, and Foxo), activation of antiapoptotic effectors (protein kinase Cepsilon, endothelial and inducible NO synthase isoforms, and heat shock protein 70), increased expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, and genomic switch to glucose utilization. Therefore, activation of survival pathways by H11K preemptively triggers the antiapoptotic and metabolic response to ischemia and is sufficient to confer cardioprotection in vivo equally potent to preconditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Depre
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Badri KR, Modem S, Gerard HC, Khan I, Bagchi M, Hudson AP, Reddy TR. Regulation of Sam68 activity by small heat shock protein 22. J Cell Biochem 2006; 99:1353-62. [PMID: 16795043 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sam68 associates with c-Src kinase during mitosis. We previously demonstrated that Sam68 functionally replaces and/or synergizes with HIV-1 Rev in rev response element (RRE)-mediated gene expression and virus production. Furthermore, we reported that knockdown of Sam68 inhibited Rev-mediated RNA export and it is absolutely required for HIV-1 production. In the present study, we identified small heat shock protein, hsp22, as a novel interacting partner of Sam68. Hsp22 binds to Sam68 in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of hsp22 significantly inhibits Sam68-mediated RRE- as well as CTE (constitutive transport element)-dependent reporter gene expression. Furthermore, exposing 293T cells to heat shock inhibits Sam68/RRE function by virtue of elevating hsp22. The critical domain of hsp22 that interacts with Sam68 resides between amino acids 62 and 133. Our studies provide evidence for the first time that hsp22 specifically binds to Sam68 and modulates its activity, thus playing a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kameswara R Badri
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University-School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gober MD, Wales SQ, Hunter JC, Sharma BK, Aurelian L. Stress up-regulates neuronal expression of the herpes simplex virus type 2 large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (R1; ICP10) by activating activator protein 1. J Neurovirol 2005; 11:329-36. [PMID: 16162476 DOI: 10.1080/13550280591002423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) genes expressed in neuronal cells in response to stress stimuli that trigger latency reactivation are largely unknown. Using a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter assay we found that stress caused a significant (P < .001) increase in ICP10 expression in neuronal cells. Up-regulation correlated with activator protein (AP)-1 activation, notably c-Jun and c-Fos that bind cognate elements in the ICP10 promoter. It was blocked by mutation of the AP-1 motifs in the ICP10 promoter. ICP10 expression protected neuronal cells from stress-induced apoptosis. The data suggest that ICP10 may contribute to HSV-2 reactivation by increasing neuronal survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Gober
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201-1559, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|