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Zhang Z, Chen J, Ma R, Xu C, Lu Y, Zhou J, Xia K, Lu P. Tight Junction Component Occludin Binds to FIP5 to Regulate Endosome Trafficking and Mitotic Spindle Function. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308822. [PMID: 38884279 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The genetic basis of vertebrate emergence during metazoan evolution has remained largely unknown. Understanding vertebrate-specific genes, such as the tight junction protein Occludin (Ocln), may help answer this question. Here, it is shown that mammary glands lacking Ocln exhibit retarded epithelial branching, owing to reduced cell proliferation and surface expansion. Interestingly, Ocln regulates mitotic spindle orientation and function, and its loss leads to a range of defects, including prolonged prophase and failed nuclear and/or cytoplasmic division. Mechanistically, Ocln binds to the RabGTPase-11 adaptor FIP5 and recruits recycling endosomes to the centrosome to participate in spindle assembly and function. FIP5 loss recapitulates Ocln null, leading to prolonged prophase, reduced cell proliferation, and retarded epithelial branching. These results identify a novel role in OCLN-mediated endosomal trafficking and potentially highlight its involvement in mediating membranous vesicle trafficking and function, which is evolutionarily conserved and essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Rongze Ma
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Chongshen Xu
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Yunzhe Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiecan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Kun Xia
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Pengfei Lu
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
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Lindberg ED, Kaya S, Jamali AA, Alliston T, O'Connell GD. Effect of Passaging on Bovine Chondrocyte Gene Expression and Engineered Cartilage Production. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 38323585 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering strategies show great potential for repairing osteochondral defects in osteoarthritic joints; however, these approaches often rely on passaging cells multiple times to obtain enough cells to produce functional tissue. Unfortunately, monolayer expansion culture causes chondrocyte dedifferentiation, which is accompanied by a phenotypical and morphological shift in chondrocyte properties that leads to a reduction in the quality of de novo cartilage produced. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate transcriptional variations during in vitro expansion culture and determine how differences in cell phenotype from monolayer expansion alter development of functional engineered cartilage. We used an unbiased approach to explore genome-wide transcriptional differences in chondrocyte phenotype at passage 1 (P1), P3, and P5, and then seeded cells into hydrogel scaffolds at P3 and P5 to assess cells' abilities to produce cartilaginous extracellular matrix in three dimensional (3D). We identified distinct phenotypic differences, specifically for genes related to extracellular organization and cartilage development. Both P3 and P5 chondrocytes were able to produce chondrogenic tissue in 3D, with P3 cells producing matrix with greater compressive properties and P5 cells secreting matrix with higher glycosaminoglycan/DNA and collagen/DNA ratios. Furthermore, we identified 24 genes that were differentially expressed with passaging and enriched in human osteoarthritis (OA) genome-wide association studies, thereby prioritizing them as functionally relevant targets to improve protocols that recapitulate functional healthy cartilage with cells from adult donors. Specifically, we identified novel genes, such as TMEM190 and RAB11FIP4, which were enriched with human hip OA and may play a role in chondrocyte dedifferentiation. This work lays the foundation for several pathways and genes that could be modulated to enhance the efficacy for chondrocyte culture for tissue regeneration, which could have transformative impacts for cell-based cartilage repair strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily D Lindberg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Serra Kaya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amir A Jamali
- Joint Preservation Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | - Tamara Alliston
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Grace D O'Connell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Li X, Liu B, Wen Y, Wang J, Guo YR, Shi A, Lin L. Coordination of RAB-8 and RAB-11 during unconventional protein secretion. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202306107. [PMID: 38019180 PMCID: PMC10686230 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202306107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple physiology-pertinent transmembrane proteins reach the cell surface via the Golgi-bypassing unconventional protein secretion (UcPS) pathway. By employing C. elegans-polarized intestine epithelia, we recently have revealed that the small GTPase RAB-8/Rab8 serves as an important player in the process. Nonetheless, its function and the relevant UcPS itinerary remain poorly understood. Here, we show that deregulated RAB-8 activity resulted in impaired apical UcPS, which increased sensitivity to infection and environmental stress. We also identified the SNARE VTI-1/Vti1a/b as a new RAB-8-interacting factor involved in the apical UcPS. Besides, RAB-11/Rab11 was capable of recruiting RABI-8/Rabin8 to reduce the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of SMGL-1/GEF toward RAB-8, indicating the necessity of a finely tuned RAB-8/RAB-11 network. Populations of RAB-8- and RAB-11-positive endosomal structures containing the apical UcPS cargo moved toward the apical side. In the absence of RAB-11 or its effectors, the cargo was retained in RAB-8- and RAB-11-positive endosomes, respectively, suggesting that these endosomes are utilized as intermediate carriers for the UcPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yusong R. Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Bhattacharya S, Sarker S, Das S, Ahir M, Chattopadhyay S, Ghosh S, Adhikary A. microRNA-205 represses breast cancer metastasis by perturbing the rab coupling protein [RCP]-mediated integrin β1 recycling on the membrane. Apoptosis 2024; 29:191-209. [PMID: 37945815 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
During cancer cell invasion, integrin undergoes constant endo/exocytic trafficking. It has been found that the recycling ability of integrin β1 through Rab11-controlled long loop pathways is directly associated with cancer invasion. Previous studies showed that gain-of-function mutant p53 regulates the Rab-coupling protein [RCP]-mediated integrin β1 recycling by inactivating tumor suppressor TAp63. So, we were interested to investigate the involvement of miR-205 in this process. In the current study first, we evaluated that the lower expression of miR-205 in MDA-MB-231 cell line is associated with high motility and invasiveness. Further investigation corroborated that miR-205 directly targets RCP resulting in attenuated RCP-mediated integrin β1 recycling. Overexpression of TAp63 validates our in vitro findings. To appraise the anti-metastatic role of miR-205, we developed two in vivo experimental models- xenograft-chick embryo and xenograft-immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Our in vivo results support the negative effect of miR-205 on metastasis. Therefore, these findings advocate the tumor suppressor activity of miR-205 in breast cancer cells and suggest that in the future development of miR-205-targeting RNAi therapeutics could be a smart alternative approach to prevent the metastatic fate of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Bhattacharya
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, West Bengal, India
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Sushmita Sarker
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Shaswati Das
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Manisha Ahir
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, West Bengal, India
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Swatilekha Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata. Major Arterial Road [South-East], Action Area II, Newtown, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Department of Life science & Bio-technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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5
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Joseph I, Flores J, Farrell V, Davis J, Bianchi‐Smak J, Feng Q, Goswami S, Lin X, Wei Z, Tong K, Feng Z, Verzi MP, Bonder EM, Goldenring JR, Gao N. RAB11A and RAB11B control mitotic spindle function in intestinal epithelial progenitor cells. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56240. [PMID: 37424454 PMCID: PMC10481667 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RAB11 small GTPases and associated recycling endosome have been localized to mitotic spindles and implicated in regulating mitosis. However, the physiological significance of such regulation has not been observed in mammalian tissues. We have used newly engineered mouse models to investigate intestinal epithelial renewal in the absence of single or double isoforms of RAB11 family members: Rab11a and Rab11b. Comparing with single knockouts, mice with compound ablation demonstrate a defective cell cycle entry and robust mitotic arrest followed by apoptosis, leading to a total penetrance of lethality within 3 days of gene ablation. Upon Rab11 deletion ex vivo, enteroids show abnormal mitotic spindle formation and cell death. Untargeted proteomic profiling of Rab11a and Rab11b immunoprecipitates has uncovered a shared interactome containing mitotic spindle microtubule regulators. Disrupting Rab11 alters kinesin motor KIF11 function and impairs bipolar spindle formation and cell division. These data demonstrate that RAB11A and RAB11B redundantly control mitotic spindle function and intestinal progenitor cell division, a mechanism that may be utilized to govern the homeostasis and renewal of other mammalian tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivor Joseph
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - Juan Flores
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | | | - Justin Davis
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | | | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | | | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Computer SciencesNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJUSA
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer SciencesNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJUSA
| | - Kevin Tong
- Department of GeneticsRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Zhaohui Feng
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | | | - Edward M Bonder
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences and Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
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6
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El-Bazzal L, Ghata A, Estève C, Gadacha J, Quintana P, Castro C, Roeckel-Trévisiol N, Lembo F, Lenfant N, Mégarbané A, Borg JP, Lévy N, Bartoli M, Poitelon Y, Roubertoux PL, Delague V, Bernard-Marissal N. Imbalance of NRG1-ERBB2/3 signalling underlies altered myelination in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 4H. Brain 2023; 146:1844-1858. [PMID: 36314052 PMCID: PMC10151191 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is one of the most common inherited neurological disorders, affecting either axons from the motor and/or sensory neurons or Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and caused by more than 100 genes. We previously identified mutations in FGD4 as responsible for CMT4H, an autosomal recessive demyelinating form of CMT disease. FGD4 encodes FRABIN, a GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange factor, particularly for the small GTPase Cdc42. Remarkably, nerves from patients with CMT4H display excessive redundant myelin figures called outfoldings that arise from focal hypermyelination, suggesting that FRABIN could play a role in the control of PNS myelination. To gain insights into the role of FGD4/FRABIN in Schwann cell myelination, we generated a knockout mouse model (Fgd4SC-/-), with conditional ablation of Fgd4 in Schwann cells. We show that the specific deletion of FRABIN in Schwann cells leads to aberrant myelination in vitro, in dorsal root ganglia neuron/Schwann cell co-cultures, as well as in vivo, in distal sciatic nerves from Fgd4SC-/- mice. We observed that those myelination defects are related to an upregulation of some interactors of the NRG1 type III/ERBB2/3 signalling pathway, which is known to ensure a proper level of myelination in the PNS. Based on a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified SNX3 as a new partner of FRABIN, which is involved in the regulation of endocytic trafficking. Interestingly, we showed that the loss of FRABIN impairs endocytic trafficking, which may contribute to the defective NRG1 type III/ERBB2/3 signalling and myelination. Using RNA-Seq, in vitro, we identified new potential effectors of the deregulated pathways, such as ERBIN, RAB11FIP2 and MAF, thereby providing cues to understand how FRABIN contributes to proper ERBB2 trafficking or even myelin membrane addition through cholesterol synthesis. Finally, we showed that the re-establishment of proper levels of the NRG1 type III/ERBB2/3 pathway using niacin treatment reduces myelin outfoldings in nerves of CMT4H mice. Overall, our work reveals a new role of FRABIN in the regulation of NRG1 type III/ERBB2/3 NRG1signalling and myelination and opens future therapeutic strategies based on the modulation of the NRG1 type III/ERBB2/3 pathway to reduce CMT4H pathology and more generally other demyelinating types of CMT disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara El-Bazzal
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, U 1251, Marseille, France
| | - Adeline Ghata
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, U 1251, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jihane Gadacha
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, U 1251, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | - Frédérique Lembo
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, CRCM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - André Mégarbané
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Paul Borg
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, CRCM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, U 1251, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Bartoli
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, U 1251, Marseille, France
| | - Yannick Poitelon
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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7
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Hernandez-Perez I, Rubio J, Baumann A, Girao H, Ferrando M, Rebollo E, Aragay AM, Geli MI. Kazrin promotes dynein/dynactin-dependent traffic from early to recycling endosomes. eLife 2023; 12:e83793. [PMID: 37096882 PMCID: PMC10181827 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Kazrin is a protein widely expressed in vertebrates whose depletion causes a myriad of developmental defects, in part derived from altered cell adhesion and migration, as well as failure to undergo epidermal to mesenchymal transition. However, the primary molecular role of kazrin, which might contribute to all these functions, has not been elucidated yet. We previously identified one of its isoforms, kazrin C, as a protein that potently inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis when overexpressed. We now generated kazrin knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts to investigate its endocytic function. We found that kazrin depletion delays juxtanuclear enrichment of internalized material, indicating a role in endocytic traffic from early to recycling endosomes. Consistently, we found that the C-terminal domain of kazrin C, predicted to be an intrinsically disordered region, directly interacts with several early endosome (EE) components, and that kazrin depletion impairs retrograde motility of these organelles. Further, we noticed that the N-terminus of kazrin C shares homology with dynein/dynactin adaptors and that it directly interacts with the dynactin complex and the dynein light intermediate chain 1. Altogether, the data indicate that one of the primary kazrin functions is to facilitate endocytic recycling by promoting dynein/dynactin-dependent transport of EEs or EE-derived transport intermediates to the recycling endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hernandez-Perez
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Javier Rubio
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Adrian Baumann
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Henrique Girao
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Miriam Ferrando
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Elena Rebollo
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Anna M Aragay
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - María Isabel Geli
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
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8
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Ouyang X, Wu B, Yu H, Dong B. DYRK1-mediated phosphorylation of endocytic components is required for extracellular lumen expansion in ascidian notochord. Biol Res 2023; 56:10. [PMID: 36899423 PMCID: PMC10007804 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological tube is a basal biology structure distributed in all multicellular animals, from worms to humans, and has diverse biological functions. Formation of tubular system is crucial for embryogenesis and adult metabolism. Ascidian Ciona notochord lumen is an excellent in vivo model for tubulogenesis. Exocytosis has been known to be essential for tubular lumen formation and expansion. The roles of endocytosis in tubular lumen expansion remain largely unclear. RESULTS In this study, we first identified a dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1 (DYRK1), the protein kinase, which was upregulated and required for ascidian notochord extracellular lumen expansion. We demonstrated that DYRK1 interacted with and phosphorylated one of the endocytic components endophilin at Ser263 that was essential for notochord lumen expansion. Moreover, through phosphoproteomic sequencing, we revealed that in addition to endophilin, the phosphorylation of other endocytic components was also regulated by DYRK1. The loss of function of DYRK1 disturbed endocytosis. Then, we demonstrated that clathrin-mediated endocytosis existed and was required for notochord lumen expansion. In the meantime, the results showed that the secretion of notochord cells is vigorous in the apical membrane. CONCLUSIONS We found the co-existence of endocytosis and exocytosis activities in apical membrane during lumen formation and expansion in Ciona notochord. A novel signaling pathway is revealed that DYRK1 regulates the endocytosis by phosphorylation that is required for lumen expansion. Our finding thus indicates a dynamic balance between endocytosis and exocytosis is crucial to maintain apical membrane homeostasis that is essential for lumen growth and expansion in tubular organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuke Ouyang
- Fang Zongxi Center, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Bingtong Wu
- Fang Zongxi Center, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Fang Zongxi Center, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Fang Zongxi Center, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China. .,Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China. .,Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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9
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Fernandez-de Céspedes MV, Hoffman HK, Carter H, Simons LM, Naing L, Ablan SD, Scheiblin DA, Hultquist JF, van Engelenburg SB, Freed EO. Rab11-FIP1C Is Dispensable for HIV-1 Replication in Primary CD4 + T Cells, but Its Role Is Cell Type Dependent in Immortalized Human T-Cell Lines. J Virol 2022; 96:e0087622. [PMID: 36354340 PMCID: PMC9749476 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00876-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) contains a long cytoplasmic tail harboring highly conserved motifs that direct Env trafficking and incorporation into virions and promote efficient virus spread. The cellular trafficking factor Rab11a family interacting protein 1C (FIP1C) has been implicated in the directed trafficking of Env to sites of viral assembly. In this study, we confirm that small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion of FIP1C in HeLa cells modestly reduces Env incorporation into virions. To determine whether FIP1C is required for Env incorporation and HIV-1 replication in physiologically relevant cells, CRISPR-Cas9 technology was used to knock out the expression of this protein in several human T-cell lines-Jurkat E6.1, SupT1, and H9-and in primary human CD4+ T cells. FIP1C knockout caused modest reductions in Env incorporation in SupT1 cells but did not inhibit virus replication in SupT1 or Jurkat E6.1 T cells. In H9 cells, FIP1C knockout caused a cell density-dependent defect in virus replication. In primary CD4+ T cells, FIP1C knockout had no effect on HIV-1 replication. Furthermore, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-transformed cell lines that are permissive for HIV-1 replication do not express FIP1C. Mutation of an aromatic motif in the Env cytoplasmic tail (Y795W) implicated in FIP1C-mediated Env incorporation impaired virus replication independently of FIP1C expression in SupT1, Jurkat E6.1, H9, and primary T cells. Together, these results indicate that while FIP1C may contribute to HIV-1 Env incorporation in some contexts, additional and potentially redundant host factors are likely required for Env incorporation and virus dissemination in T cells. IMPORTANCE The incorporation of the HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, into virus particles is critical for virus infectivity. gp41 contains a long cytoplasmic tail that has been proposed to interact with host cell factors, including the trafficking factor Rab11a family interacting protein 1C (FIP1C). To investigate the role of FIP1C in relevant cell types-human T-cell lines and primary CD4+ T cells-we used CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out FIP1C expression and examined the effect on HIV-1 Env incorporation and virus replication. We observed that in two of the T-cell lines examined (Jurkat E6.1 and SupT1) and in primary CD4+ T cells, FIP1C knockout did not disrupt HIV-1 replication, whereas FIP1C knockout reduced Env expression and delayed replication in H9 cells. The results indicate that while FIP1C may contribute to Env incorporation in some cell lines, it is not an essential factor for efficient HIV-1 replication in primary CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah Carter
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Lacy M. Simons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lwar Naing
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Sherimay D. Ablan
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - David A. Scheiblin
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Judd F. Hultquist
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Eric O. Freed
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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10
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Sultana P, Novotny J. Rab11 and Its Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221142360. [PMID: 36464817 PMCID: PMC9726856 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221142360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicles mediate the trafficking of membranes/proteins in the endocytic and secretory pathways. These pathways are regulated by small GTPases of the Rab family. Rab proteins belong to the Ras superfamily of GTPases, which are significantly involved in various intracellular trafficking and signaling processes in the nervous system. Rab11 is known to play a key role especially in recycling many proteins, including receptors important for signal transduction and preservation of functional activities of nerve cells. Rab11 activity is controlled by GEFs (guanine exchange factors) and GAPs (GTPase activating proteins), which regulate its function through modulating GTP/GDP exchange and the intrinsic GTPase activity, respectively. Rab11 is involved in the transport of several growth factor molecules important for the development and repair of neurons. Overexpression of Rab11 has been shown to significantly enhance vesicle trafficking. On the other hand, a reduced expression of Rab11 was observed in several neurodegenerative diseases. Current evidence appears to support the notion that Rab11 and its cognate proteins may be potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we briefly discuss the function of Rab11 and its related interaction partners in intracellular pathways that may be involved in neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiri Novotny
- Jiri Novotny, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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11
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Rathan-Kumar S, Roland JT, Momoh M, Goldstein A, Lapierre LA, Manning E, Mitchell L, Norman J, Kaji I, Goldenring JR. Rab11FIP1-deficient mice develop spontaneous inflammation and show increased susceptibility to colon damage. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G239-G254. [PMID: 35819177 PMCID: PMC9423785 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00042.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The small GTPase, Rab11a, regulates vesicle trafficking and cell polarity in epithelial cells through interaction with Rab11 family-interacting proteins (Rab11-FIPs). We hypothesized that deficiency of Rab11-FIP1 would affect mucosal integrity in the intestine. Global Rab11FIP1 knockout (KO) mice were generated by deletion of the second exon. Pathology of intestinal tissues was analyzed by immunostaining of colonic sections and RNA-sequencing of isolated colonic epithelial cells. A low concentration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 2%) was added to drinking water for 5 days, and injury score was compared between Rab11FIP1 KO, Rab11FIP2 KO, and heterozygous littermates. Rab11FIP1 KO mice showed normal fertility and body weight gain. More frequent lymphoid patches and infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils were identified in Rab11FIP1 KO mice before the development of rectal prolapse compared with control mice. The population of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3)-positive goblet cells was significantly lower, and the ratio of proliferative to nonproliferative cells was higher in Rab11FIP1 KO colons. Transcription signatures indicated that Rab11FIP1 deletion downregulated genes that mediate stress tolerance response, whereas genes mediating the response to infection were significantly upregulated, consistent with the inflammatory responses in the steady state. Lack of Rab11FIP1 also resulted in abnormal accumulation of subapical vesicles in colonocytes and the internalization of transmembrane mucin, MUC13, with Rab14. After DSS treatment, Rab11FIP1 KO mice showed greater body weight loss and more severe mucosal damage than those in heterozygous littermates. These findings suggest that Rab11FIP1 is important for cytoprotection mechanisms and for the maintenance of colonic mucosal integrity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although Rab11FIP1 is important in membrane trafficking in epithelial cells, the gastrointestinal phenotype of Rab11FIP1 knockout (KO) mice had never been reported. This study demonstrated that Rab11FIP1 loss induces mistrafficking of Rab14 and MUC13 and decreases in colonic goblet cells, resulting in impaired mucosal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudiksha Rathan-Kumar
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joseph T Roland
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael Momoh
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna Goldstein
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lynne A Lapierre
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth Manning
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Louise Mitchell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Norman
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Izumi Kaji
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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12
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Bowman DM, Kaji I, Goldenring JR. Altered MYO5B Function Underlies Microvillus Inclusion Disease: Opportunities for Intervention at a Cellular Level. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:553-565. [PMID: 35660026 PMCID: PMC9304615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a congenital diarrheal disorder resulting in life-threatening secretory diarrhea in newborns. Inactivating and nonsense mutations in myosin Vb (MYO5B) have been identified in MVID patients. Work using patient tissues, cell lines, mice, and pigs has led to critical insights into the pathology of MVID and a better understanding of both apical trafficking in intestinal enterocytes and intestinal stem cell differentiation. These studies have demonstrated that loss of MYO5B or inactivating mutations lead to loss of apical sodium and water transporters, without loss of apical CFTR, accounting for the major pathology of the disease. In addition, loss of MYO5B expression induces the formation of microvillus inclusions through apical bulk endocytosis that utilizes dynamin and PACSIN2 and recruits tight junction proteins to the sites of bulk endosome formation. Importantly, formation of microvillus inclusions is not required for the induction of diarrhea. Recent investigations have demonstrated that administration of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) can partially reestablish apical ion transporters in enterocytes of MYO5B KO mice. In addition, further studies have shown that MYO5B loss induces an imbalance in Wnt/Notch signaling pathways that can lead to alterations in enterocyte maturation and tuft cell lineage differentiation. Inhibition of Notch signaling leads to improvements in those cell differentiation deficits. These studies demonstrate that directed strategies through LPA receptor activation and Notch inhibition can bypass the inhibitory effects of MYO5B loss. Thus, effective strategies may be successful in MVID patients and other congenital diarrhea syndromes to reestablish proper apical membrane absorption of sodium and water in enterocytes and ameliorate life-threatening congenital diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M Bowman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Izumi Kaji
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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13
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Lerner G, Weaver N, Anokhin B, Spearman P. Advances in HIV-1 Assembly. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030478. [PMID: 35336885 PMCID: PMC8952333 DOI: 10.3390/v14030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The assembly of HIV-1 particles is a concerted and dynamic process that takes place on the plasma membrane of infected cells. An abundance of recent discoveries has advanced our understanding of the complex sequence of events leading to HIV-1 particle assembly, budding, and release. Structural studies have illuminated key features of assembly and maturation, including the dramatic structural transition that occurs between the immature Gag lattice and the formation of the mature viral capsid core. The critical role of inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) in the assembly of both the immature and mature Gag lattice has been elucidated. The structural basis for selective packaging of genomic RNA into virions has been revealed. This review will provide an overview of the HIV-1 assembly process, with a focus on recent advances in the field, and will point out areas where questions remain that can benefit from future investigation.
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14
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Royo M, Escolano BA, Madrigal MP, Jurado S. AMPA Receptor Function in Hypothalamic Synapses. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2022; 14:833449. [PMID: 35173598 PMCID: PMC8842481 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2022.833449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are critical for mediating glutamatergic synaptic transmission and plasticity, thus playing a major role in the molecular machinery underlying cellular substrates of memory and learning. Their expression pattern, transport and regulatory mechanisms have been extensively studied in the hippocampus, but their functional properties in other brain regions remain poorly understood. Interestingly, electrophysiological and molecular evidence has confirmed a prominent role of AMPARs in the regulation of hypothalamic function. This review summarizes the existing evidence on AMPAR-mediated transmission in the hypothalamus, where they are believed to orchestrate the role of glutamatergic transmission in autonomous, neuroendocrine function, body homeostasis, and social behavior.
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15
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Hasegawa J, Uchida Y, Mukai K, Lee S, Matsudaira T, Taguchi T. A Role of Phosphatidylserine in the Function of Recycling Endosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:783857. [PMID: 35004683 PMCID: PMC8740049 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.783857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells internalize proteins and lipids in the plasma membrane (PM) and solutes in the extracellular space by endocytosis. The removal of PM by endocytosis is constantly balanced by the replenishment of proteins and lipids to PM through recycling pathway. Recycling endosomes (REs) are specific subsets of endosomes. Besides the established role of REs in recycling pathway, recent studies have revealed unanticipated roles of REs in membrane traffic and cell signalling. In this review, we highlight these emerging issues, with a particular focus on phosphatidylserine (PS), a phospholipid that is highly enriched in the cytosolic leaflet of RE membranes. We also discuss the pathogenesis of Hermansky Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS2) that arises from mutations in the AP3B1 gene, from the point of view of dysregulated RE functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Hasegawa
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Uchida
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kojiro Mukai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoken Lee
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Matsudaira
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Zhang J, Jiang Z, Shi A. Rab GTPases: The principal players in crafting the regulatory landscape of endosomal trafficking. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4464-4472. [PMID: 36051867 PMCID: PMC9418685 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
After endocytosis, diverse cargos are sorted into endosomes and directed to various destinations, including extracellular macromolecules, membrane lipids, and membrane proteins. Some cargos are returned to the plasma membrane via endocytic recycling. In contrast, others are delivered to the Golgi apparatus through the retrograde pathway, while the rest are transported to late endosomes and eventually to lysosomes for degradation. Rab GTPases are major regulators that ensure cargos are delivered to their proper destinations. Rabs are localized to distinct endosomes and play predominant roles in membrane budding, vesicle formation and motility, vesicle tethering, and vesicle fusion by recruiting effectors. The cascades between Rabs via shared effectors or the recruitment of Rab activators provide an additional layer of spatiotemporal regulation of endocytic trafficking. Notably, several recent studies have indicated that disorders of Rab-mediated endocytic transports are closely associated with diseases such as immunodeficiency, cancer, and neurological disorders.
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17
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von Grabowiecki Y, Phatak V, Aschauer L, Muller PAJ. Rab11-FIP1/RCP Functions as a Major Signalling Hub in the Oncogenic Roles of Mutant p53 in Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:804107. [PMID: 35757381 PMCID: PMC9231559 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.804107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab11-FIP1 is a Rab effector protein that is involved in endosomal recycling and trafficking of various molecules throughout the endocytic compartments of the cell. The consequence of this can be increased secretion or increased membrane expression of those molecules. In general, expression of Rab11-FIP1 coincides with more tumourigenic and metastatic cell behaviour. Rab11-FIP1 can work in concert with oncogenes such as mutant p53, but has also been speculated to be an oncogene in its own right. In this perspective, we will discuss and speculate upon our observations that mutant p53 promotes Rab11-FIP1 function to not only promote invasive behaviour, but also chemoresistance by regulating a multitude of different proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick von Grabowiecki
- Tumour Suppressors Group, Cancer Research United Kingdom (UK) Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Vinaya Phatak
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Avacta Life Sciences, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Aschauer
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Orbit Discovery, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia A. J. Muller
- Tumour Suppressors Group, Cancer Research United Kingdom (UK) Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Patricia A. J. Muller,
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18
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SdhA blocks disruption of the Legionella-containing vacuole by hijacking the OCRL phosphatase. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109894. [PMID: 34731604 PMCID: PMC8669613 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila grows intracellularly within a replication vacuole via action of Icm/Dot-secreted proteins. One such protein, SdhA, maintains the integrity of the vacuolar membrane, thereby preventing cytoplasmic degradation of bacteria. We show here that SdhA binds and blocks the action of OCRL (OculoCerebroRenal syndrome of Lowe), an inositol 5-phosphatase pivotal for controlling endosomal dynamics. OCRL depletion results in enhanced vacuole integrity and intracellular growth of a sdhA mutant, consistent with OCRL participating in vacuole disruption. Overexpressed SdhA alters OCRL function, enlarging endosomes, driving endosomal accumulation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), and interfering with endosomal trafficking. SdhA interrupts Rab guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-OCRL interactions by binding to the OCRL ASPM-SPD2-Hydin (ASH) domain, without directly altering OCRL 5-phosphatase activity. The Legionella vacuole encompassing the sdhA mutant accumulates OCRL and endosomal antigen EEA1 (Early Endosome Antigen 1), consistent with SdhA blocking accumulation of OCRL-containing endosomal vesicles. Therefore, SdhA hijacking of OCRL is associated with blocking trafficking events that disrupt the pathogen vacuole.
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19
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Tavares LA, Januário YC, daSilva LLP. HIV-1 Hijacking of Host ATPases and GTPases That Control Protein Trafficking. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:622610. [PMID: 34307340 PMCID: PMC8295591 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) modifies the host cell environment to ensure efficient and sustained viral replication. Key to these processes is the capacity of the virus to hijack ATPases, GTPases and the associated proteins that control intracellular protein trafficking. The functions of these energy-harnessing enzymes can be seized by HIV-1 to allow the intracellular transport of viral components within the host cell or to change the subcellular distribution of antiviral factors, leading to immune evasion. Here, we summarize how energy-related proteins deviate from their normal functions in host protein trafficking to aid the virus in different phases of its replicative cycle. Recent discoveries regarding the interplay among HIV-1 and host ATPases and GTPases may shed light on potential targets for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A Tavares
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Yunan C Januário
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luis L P daSilva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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20
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Chandrakumar AA, Coyaud É, Marshall CB, Ikura M, Raught B, Rottapel R. Tankyrase regulates epithelial lumen formation via suppression of Rab11 GEFs. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212384. [PMID: 34128958 PMCID: PMC8221736 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202008037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab11 GTPase proteins are required for cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and lumenogenesis. Rab11a is critical for apical delivery of podocalyxin (PODXL) during lumen formation in epithelial cells. SH3BP5 and SH3BP5L are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rab11. We show that SH3BP5 and SH3BP5L are required for activation of Rab11a and cyst lumen formation. Using proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) interaction proteomics, we have identified SH3BP5 and its paralogue SH3BP5L as new substrates of the poly-ADP-ribose polymerase Tankyrase and the E3 ligase RNF146. We provide data demonstrating that epithelial polarity via cyst lumen formation is governed by Tankyrase, which inhibits Rab11a activation through the suppression of SH3BP5 and SH3BP5L. RNF146 reduces Tankyrase protein abundance and restores Rab11a activation and lumen formation. Thus, Rab11a activation is controlled by a signaling pathway composed of the sequential inhibition of SH3BP5 paralogues by Tankyrase, which is itself suppressed by RNF146.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun A Chandrakumar
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Étienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mitsuhiko Ikura
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Raught
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Rottapel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Escrevente C, Bento-Lopes L, Ramalho JS, Barral DC. Rab11 is required for lysosome exocytosis through the interaction with Rab3a, Sec15 and GRAB. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs246694. [PMID: 34100549 PMCID: PMC8214760 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.246694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are dynamic organelles, capable of undergoing exocytosis. This process is crucial for several cellular functions, namely plasma membrane repair. Nevertheless, the molecular machinery involved in this process is poorly understood. Here, we identify Rab11a and Rab11b as regulators of Ca2+-induced lysosome exocytosis. Interestingly, Rab11-positive vesicles transiently interact with lysosomes at the cell periphery, indicating that this interaction is required for the last steps of lysosome exocytosis. Additionally, we found that the silencing of the exocyst subunit Sec15, a Rab11 effector, impairs lysosome exocytosis, suggesting that Sec15 acts together with Rab11 in the regulation of lysosome exocytosis. Furthermore, we show that Rab11 binds the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab3a (GRAB) as well as Rab3a, which we have previously described to be a regulator of the positioning and exocytosis of lysosomes. Thus, our study identifies new players required for lysosome exocytosis and suggest the existence of a Rab11-Rab3a cascade involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Duarte C. Barral
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
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22
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Osaki F, Matsui T, Hiragi S, Homma Y, Fukuda M. RBD11, a bioengineered Rab11-binding module for visualizing and analyzing endogenous Rab11. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:237778. [PMID: 33712449 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.257311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Rab11 (herein referring to the Rab11A and Rab11B isoforms) plays pivotal roles in diverse physiological phenomena, including the recycling of membrane proteins, cytokinesis, neurite outgrowth and epithelial morphogenesis. One effective method of analyzing the function of endogenous Rab11 is to overexpress a Rab11-binding domain from one of its effectors, for example, the C-terminal domain of Rab11-FIP2 (Rab11-FIP2-C), as a dominant-negative construct. However, the drawback of this method is the broader Rab-binding specificity of the effector domain, because Rab11-FIP2-C binds to Rabs other than Rab11, for example, to Rab14 and Rab25. In this study, we bioengineered an artificial Rab11-specific binding domain, named RBD11. Expression of RBD11 allowed visualization of endogenous Rab11 without affecting its localization or function, whereas expression of a tandem RBD11, named 2×RBD11, inhibited epithelial morphogenesis and induced a multi-lumen phenotype characteristic of Rab11-deficient cysts. We also developed two tools for temporally and reversibly analyzing Rab11-dependent membrane trafficking - tetracycline-inducible 2×RBD11 and an artificially oligomerized domain (FM)-tagged RBD11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futaba Osaki
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takahide Matsui
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shu Hiragi
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuta Homma
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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23
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Yoon J, Garo J, Lee M, Sun J, Hwang YS, Daar IO. Rab11fip5 regulates telencephalon development via ephrinB1 recycling. Development 2021; 148:dev.196527. [PMID: 33462110 PMCID: PMC7875491 DOI: 10.1242/dev.196527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rab11 family-interacting protein 5 (Rab11fip5) is an adaptor protein that binds to the small GTPase Rab11, which has an important function in endosome recycling and trafficking of cellular proteins to the plasma membrane. Rab11fip5 is involved in many cellular processes, such as cytoskeleton rearrangement, iron uptake and exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells, and is also known as a candidate gene for autism-spectrum disorder. However, the role of Rab11fip5 during early embryonic development is not clearly understood. In this study, we identified Rab11fip5 as a protein that interacts with ephrinB1, a transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors. The PDZ binding motif in ephrinB1 and the Rab-binding domain in Rab11fip5 are necessary for their interaction in a complex. EphrinB1 and Rab11fip5 display overlapping expression in the telencephalon of developing amphibian embryos. The loss of Rab11fip5 function causes a reduction in telencephalon size and a decrease in the expression level of ephrinB1. Moreover, morpholino oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown of Rab11fip5 decreases cell proliferation in the telencephalon. The overexpression of ephrinB1 rescues these defects, suggesting that ephrinB1 recycling by the Rab11/Rab11fip5 complex is crucial for proper telencephalon development. Summary: Rab11fip5, genetic mutations of which are associated with autism spectrum disorders in humans, plays a role in regulating telencephalon development via recycling of the crucial cargo ephrinB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Yoon
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory (CDBL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR) - Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jerlin Garo
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory (CDBL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR) - Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Moonsup Lee
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory (CDBL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR) - Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jian Sun
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory (CDBL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR) - Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Yoo-Seok Hwang
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory (CDBL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR) - Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ira O Daar
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory (CDBL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR) - Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Ali MB, Evans JM, Parker HG, Kim J, Pearce-Kelling S, Whitaker DT, Plassais J, Khan QM, Ostrander EA. Genetic analysis of the modern Australian labradoodle dog breed reveals an excess of the poodle genome. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008956. [PMID: 32911491 PMCID: PMC7482835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The genomic diversity of the domestic dog is an invaluable resource for advancing understanding of mammalian biology, evolutionary biology, morphologic variation, and behavior. There are approximately 350 recognized breeds in the world today, many established through hybridization and selection followed by intense breeding programs aimed at retaining or enhancing specific traits. As a result, many breeds suffer from an excess of particular diseases, one of many factors leading to the recent trend of "designer breed" development, i.e. crossing purebred dogs from existing breeds in the hope that offspring will be enriched for desired traits and characteristics of the parental breeds. We used a dense panel of 150,106 SNPs to analyze the population structure of the Australian labradoodle (ALBD), to understand how such breeds are developed. Haplotype and admixture analyses show that breeds other than the poodle (POOD) and Labrador retriever (LAB) contributed to ALBD formation, but that the breed is, at the genetic level, predominantly POOD, with all small and large varieties contributing to its construction. Allele frequency analysis reveals that the breed is enhanced for variants associated with a poodle-like coat, which is perceived by breeders to have an association with hypoallergenicity. We observed little enhancement for LAB-specific alleles. This study provides a blueprint for understanding how dog breeds are formed, highlighting the limited scope of desired traits in defining new breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Basil Ali
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, United States of America
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Jacquelyn M. Evans
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, United States of America
| | - Heidi G. Parker
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, United States of America
| | - Jaemin Kim
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, United States of America
| | - Susan Pearce-Kelling
- OptiGen, LLC Cornell Business and Technology Park, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - D. Thad Whitaker
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, United States of America
| | - Jocelyn Plassais
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, United States of America
| | - Qaiser M. Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Elaine A. Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, United States of America
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25
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O’Sullivan MJ, Lindsay AJ. The Endosomal Recycling Pathway-At the Crossroads of the Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176074. [PMID: 32842549 PMCID: PMC7503921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal recycling pathway lies at the heart of the membrane trafficking machinery in the cell. It plays a central role in determining the composition of the plasma membrane and is thus critical for normal cellular homeostasis. However, defective endosomal recycling has been linked to a wide range of diseases, including cancer and some of the most common neurological disorders. It is also frequently subverted by many diverse human pathogens in order to successfully infect cells. Despite its importance, endosomal recycling remains relatively understudied in comparison to the endocytic and secretory transport pathways. A greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms that support transport through the endosomal recycling pathway will provide deeper insights into the pathophysiology of disease and will likely identify new approaches for their detection and treatment. This review will provide an overview of the normal physiological role of the endosomal recycling pathway, describe the consequences when it malfunctions, and discuss potential strategies for modulating its activity.
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26
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Kearney AM, Khan AR. Crystal structure of the Rab-binding domain of Rab11 family-interacting protein 2. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2020; 76:357-363. [PMID: 32744247 PMCID: PMC7397465 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x20009164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPases Rab11, Rab14 and Rab25 regulate membrane trafficking through the recruitment of Rab11 family-interacting proteins (FIPs) to endocytic compartments. FIPs are multi-domain effector proteins that have a highly conserved Rab-binding domain (RBD) at their C-termini. Several structures of complexes of Rab11 with RBDs have previously been determined, including those of Rab11-FIP2 and Rab11-FIP3. In addition, the structures of the Rab14-FIP1 and Rab25-FIP2 complexes have been determined. All of the RBD structures contain a central parallel coiled coil in the RBD that binds to the switch 1 and switch 2 regions of the Rab. Here, the crystal structure of the uncomplexed RBD of FIP2 is presented at 2.3 Å resolution. The structure reveals antiparallel α-helices that associate through polar interactions. These include a remarkable stack of arginine residues within a four-helix bundle in the crystal lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Mairead Kearney
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, 152–160 Pearse Street, Dublin D2, Ireland
| | - Amir Rafiq Khan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, 152–160 Pearse Street, Dublin D2, Ireland
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Center for Life Sciences, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02446, USA
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27
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Liang J, Sun T, Wang G, Zhang H. Clinical significance and functions of miR-203a-3p/AVL9 axis in human non-small-cell lung cancer. Per Med 2020; 17:271-282. [PMID: 32678693 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2019-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of miR-203a-3p in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The association between miR-203a-3p expression and clinicopathological parameters in NSCLC was assessed by χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model were applied to evaluate the prognosis value of miR-203a-3p. The biological function of miR-203-3p was explored using CCK-8 and transwell assays. Results: Significantly downregulated miR-203a-3p was associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. AVL9 was identified as a direct target of miR-203a-3p. Functionally, we found overexpression of miR-203a-3p inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in NSCLC cells by targeting AVL9. Conclusion: Collectively, targeting the miR-203a-3p/AVL9 axis might help to develop useful therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
| | - Teng Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221006, PR China
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28
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Murphy RE, Saad JS. The Interplay between HIV-1 Gag Binding to the Plasma Membrane and Env Incorporation. Viruses 2020; 12:E548. [PMID: 32429351 PMCID: PMC7291237 DOI: 10.3390/v12050548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancement in drug therapies and patient care have drastically improved the mortality rates of HIV-1 infected individuals. Many of these therapies were developed or improved upon by using structure-based techniques, which underscore the importance of understanding essential mechanisms in the replication cycle of HIV-1 at the structural level. One such process which remains poorly understood is the incorporation of the envelope glycoprotein (Env) into budding virus particles. Assembly of HIV particles is initiated by targeting of the Gag polyproteins to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM), a process mediated by the N-terminally myristoylated matrix (MA) domain and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2). There is strong evidence that formation of the Gag lattice on the PM is a prerequisite for the incorporation of Env into budding particles. It is also suggested that Env incorporation is mediated by an interaction between its cytoplasmic tail (gp41CT) and the MA domain of Gag. In this review, we highlight the latest developments and current efforts to understand the interplay between gp41CT, MA, and the membrane during assembly. Elucidation of the molecular determinants of Gag-Env-membrane interactions may help in the development of new antiviral therapeutic agents that inhibit particle assembly, Env incorporation and ultimately virus production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jamil S. Saad
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
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29
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Engevik AC, Kaji I, Goldenring JR. The Physiology of the Gastric Parietal Cell. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:573-602. [PMID: 31670611 PMCID: PMC7327232 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00016.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parietal cells are responsible for gastric acid secretion, which aids in the digestion of food, absorption of minerals, and control of harmful bacteria. However, a fine balance of activators and inhibitors of parietal cell-mediated acid secretion is required to ensure proper digestion of food, while preventing damage to the gastric and duodenal mucosa. As a result, parietal cell secretion is highly regulated through numerous mechanisms including the vagus nerve, gastrin, histamine, ghrelin, somatostatin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and other agonists and antagonists. The tight regulation of parietal cells ensures the proper secretion of HCl. The H+-K+-ATPase enzyme expressed in parietal cells regulates the exchange of cytoplasmic H+ for extracellular K+. The H+ secreted into the gastric lumen by the H+-K+-ATPase combines with luminal Cl- to form gastric acid, HCl. Inhibition of the H+-K+-ATPase is the most efficacious method of preventing harmful gastric acid secretion. Proton pump inhibitors and potassium competitive acid blockers are widely used therapeutically to inhibit acid secretion. Stimulated delivery of the H+-K+-ATPase to the parietal cell apical surface requires the fusion of intracellular tubulovesicles with the overlying secretory canaliculus, a process that represents the most prominent example of apical membrane recycling. In addition to their unique ability to secrete gastric acid, parietal cells also play an important role in gastric mucosal homeostasis through the secretion of multiple growth factor molecules. The gastric parietal cell therefore plays multiple roles in gastric secretion and protection as well as coordination of physiological repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Engevik
- Departments of Surgery and of Cell and Developmental Biology and the Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Izumi Kaji
- Departments of Surgery and of Cell and Developmental Biology and the Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James R Goldenring
- Departments of Surgery and of Cell and Developmental Biology and the Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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30
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Martin-Peña A, Ferrus A. CCB is Involved in Actin-Based Axonal Transport of Selected Synaptic Proteins. J Neurosci 2020; 40:542-556. [PMID: 31754011 PMCID: PMC6961990 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0915-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapse formation, maturation, and turnover require a finely regulated transport system that delivers selected cargos to specific synapses. However, the supporting mechanisms of this process are not fully understood. The present study unravels a new molecular system for vesicle-based axonal transport of proteins in male and female flies (Drosophila melanogaster). Here, we identify the gene CG14579 as the transcription unit corresponding to the regulatory mutations known as central complex broad (ccb). These mutations were previously isolated for their morphological phenotype in R-neurons of the ellipsoid body, a component of the central complex. Mutant axons from R-neurons fail to cross the midline, which is indicative of an aberrant composition of the growth cone. However, the molecular mechanism remained to be deciphered. In this manuscript, we show that CCB is involved in axonal trafficking of FasII and synaptobrevin, but not syntaxin. These results suggest that axonal transport of certain proteins is required for the correct pathfinding of R-neurons. We further investigated the molecular network supporting the CCB system and found that CCB colocalizes and coimmunoprecipitates with Rab11. Epistasis studies indicated that Rab11 is positioned downstream of CCB within this axonal transport system. Interestingly, ccb also interacts with actin and the actin nucleator spire The data revealed that this interaction plays a key role in the development of axonal connections within the ellipsoid body. We propose that the CCB/Rab11/SPIRE system regulates axonal trafficking of synaptic proteins required for proper connectivity and synaptic function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Proper function of the nervous system requires the establishment of mature, functional synapses. Differential protein composition in the synapse enables optimal performance of cognitive tasks. Therefore, it is critical to have a finely regulated transport system to deliver selected synaptic proteins to synapses. Remarkably, impairments in cytoskeleton-based protein-transport systems often underlie cognitive deficits, such as those associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This study reveals that CCB is part of a novel transport system that delivers certain synaptic proteins via the actin cytoskeleton within the Rab11-related domain of slow recycling endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Martin-Peña
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Madrid 28002, Spain,
- Department of Neurology, and
- Center for Smell and Taste, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Alberto Ferrus
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Madrid 28002, Spain,
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Royo M, Gutiérrez Y, Fernández-Monreal M, Gutiérrez-Eisman S, Jiménez R, Jurado S, Esteban JA. A retention-release mechanism based on RAB11FIP2 for AMPA receptor synaptic delivery during long-term potentiation. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.234237. [PMID: 31757887 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.234237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well--established that Rab11-dependent recycling endosomes drive the activity-dependent delivery of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) into synapses during long-term potentiation (LTP). Nevertheless, the molecular basis for this specialized function of recycling endosomes is still unknown. Here, we have investigated RAB11FIP2 (FIP2 hereafter) as a potential effector of Rab11-dependent trafficking during LTP in rat hippocampal slices. Surprisingly, we found that FIP2 operates independently from Rab11 proteins, and acts as a negative regulator of AMPAR synaptic trafficking. Under basal conditions, FIP2 associates with AMPARs at immobile compartments, separately from recycling endosomes. Using shRNA-mediated knockdown, we found that FIP2 prevents GluA1 (encoded by the Gria1 gene) AMPARs from reaching the surface of dendritic spines in the absence of neuronal stimulation. Upon induction of LTP, FIP2 is rapidly mobilized, dissociates from AMPARs and undergoes dephosphorylation. Interestingly, this dissociation of the FIP2-AMPAR complex, together with FIP2 dephosphorylation, is required for LTP, but the interaction between FIP2 and Rab11 proteins is not. Based on these results, we propose a retention-release mechanism, where FIP2 acts as a gate that restricts the trafficking of AMPARs, until LTP induction triggers their release and allows synaptic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Royo
- Department of Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa' (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gutiérrez
- Department of Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa' (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Fernández-Monreal
- Department of Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa' (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Gutiérrez-Eisman
- Department of Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa' (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Jiménez
- Department of Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa' (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Jurado
- Instituto de Neurociencias CSIC-UMH, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - José A Esteban
- Department of Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa' (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Kapitansky O, Gozes I. ADNP differentially interact with genes/proteins in correlation with aging: a novel marker for muscle aging. GeroScience 2019; 41:321-340. [PMID: 31264075 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) is essential for embryonic development with ADNP mutations leading to syndromic autism, coupled with intellectual disabilities and motor developmental delays. Here, mining human muscle gene-expression databases, we have investigated the association of ADNP transcripts with muscle aging. We discovered increased ADNP and its paralogue ADNP2 expression in the vastus lateralis muscle of aged compared to young subjects, as well as altered expression of the ADNP and the ADNP2 genes in bicep brachii muscle of elderly people, in a sex-dependent manner. Prolonged exercise resulted in decreased ADNP expression, and increased ADNP2 expression in an age-dependent manner in the vastus lateralis muscle. ADNP expression level was further correlated with 49 genes showing age-dependent changes in muscle transcript expression. A high degree of correlation with ADNP was discovered for 24 genes with the leading gene/protein being NMNAT1 (nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyl transferase 1). Looking at correlations differentiating the young and the old muscles and comparing protein interactions revealed an association of ADNP with the cell division cycle 5-like protein (CDC5L), and an aging-muscle-related interactive pathway in the vastus lateralis. In the bicep brachii, very high correlation was detected with genes associated with immune functions as well as mitochondrial structure and function among others. Taken together, the results suggest a direct association of ADNP with muscle strength and implicate ADNP fortification in the protection against age-associated muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Kapitansky
- The Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Illana Gozes
- The Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Skjesol A, Yurchenko M, Bösl K, Gravastrand C, Nilsen KE, Grøvdal LM, Agliano F, Patane F, Lentini G, Kim H, Teti G, Kumar Sharma A, Kandasamy RK, Sporsheim B, Starheim KK, Golenbock DT, Stenmark H, McCaffrey M, Espevik T, Husebye H. The TLR4 adaptor TRAM controls the phagocytosis of Gram-negative bacteria by interacting with the Rab11-family interacting protein 2. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007684. [PMID: 30883606 PMCID: PMC6438586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is a complex process that eliminates microbes and is performed by specialised cells such as macrophages. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is expressed on the surface of macrophages and recognizes Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, TLR4 has been suggested to play a role in the phagocytosis of Gram-negative bacteria, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here we have used primary human macrophages and engineered THP-1 monocytes to show that the TLR4 sorting adapter, TRAM, is instrumental for phagocytosis of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus. We find that TRAM forms a complex with Rab11 family interacting protein 2 (FIP2) that is recruited to the phagocytic cups of E. coli. This promotes activation of the actin-regulatory GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. Our results show that FIP2 guided TRAM recruitment orchestrates actin remodelling and IRF3 activation, two events that are both required for phagocytosis of Gram-negative bacteria. The Gram-negative bacteria E. coli is the most common cause of severe human pathological conditions like sepsis. Sepsis is a clinical syndrome defined by pathological changes due to systemic inflammation, resulting in paralysis of adaptive T-cell immunity with IFN-β as a critical factor. TLR4 is a key sensing receptor of lipopolysaccharide on Gram-negative bacteria. Inflammatory signalling by TLR4 is initiated by the use of alternative pair of TIR-adapters, MAL-MyD88 or TRAM-TRIF. MAL-MyD88 signaling occurs mainly from the plasma membrane giving pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF, while TRAM-TRIF signaling occurs from vacuoles like endosomes and phagosomes to give type I interferons like IFN-β. It has previously been shown that TLR4 can control phagocytosis and phagosomal maturation through MAL-MyD88 in mice, however, these data have been disputed and published before the role of TRAM was defined in the induction of IFN-β. A role for TRAM or TRIF in phagocytosis has not previously been reported. Here we describe a novel mechanism where TRAM and its binding partner Rab11-FIP2 control phagocytosis of E. coli and regulate IRF3 dependent production of IFN-β. The significance of these results is that we define Rab11-FIP2 as a potential target for modulation of TLR4-dependent signalling in different pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Skjesol
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mariia Yurchenko
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Korbinian Bösl
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Caroline Gravastrand
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kaja Elisabeth Nilsen
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lene Melsæther Grøvdal
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Federica Agliano
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Patane
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Germana Lentini
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Hera Kim
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Giuseppe Teti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Aditya Kumar Sharma
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Richard K. Kandasamy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørnar Sporsheim
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian K. Starheim
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Douglas T. Golenbock
- Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo Norway
| | - Mary McCaffrey
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Terje Espevik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Central Norway Regional Health Authority, St. Olavs Hospital HF, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Harald Husebye
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Central Norway Regional Health Authority, St. Olavs Hospital HF, Trondheim, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Rab25 and RCP in cancer progression. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:101-112. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01129-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Regulation of Myosin-5b by Rab11a and the Rab11 family interacting protein 2. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181252. [PMID: 30545898 PMCID: PMC6328864 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian myosin-5b (Myo5b) plays a critical role in the recycling of endosomes to the plasma membrane via the interactions with Rab11a and the Rab11 family interacting protein 2 (FIP2). However, it remains unclear on how Rab11a and FIP2 are coordinated in tethering Myo5b with the vesicles and activating the motor function of Myo5b. In the present study, we show that Rab11a binds to the globular tail domain (GTD) of Myo5b and this binding abolishes the head–GTD interaction of Myo5b, thus activating the motor function of Myo5b. On the other hand, FIP2 directly interacts with both Rab11a and the tail of Myo5b, and the binding of FIP2 to Myo5b does not affect Myo5b motor function. Moreover, Rab11a displays higher affinity to FIP2 than to Myo5b, suggesting that Rab11a binds preferentially to FIP2 than to Myo5b. Based on the current findings, we propose that the association of Myo5b with vesicles is mediated by FIP2, which bridges Myo5b and the membrane-bound Rab11a, whereas the motor function of Myo5b is regulated by Rab11a.
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Hara Y, Fukaya M, Sugawara T, Sakagami H. FIP4/Arfophilin-2 plays overlapping but distinct roles from FIP3/Arfophilin-1 in neuronal migration during cortical layer formation. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:3082-3096. [PMID: 30295969 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The class II Rab11 family-interacting proteins, FIP3 and FIP4, also termed Arfophilin-1 and Arfophilin-2, respectively, are endosomal proteins that function as dual effector proteins for Rab11 and ADP ribosylation factor (Arf) small GTPases. In the present study, we examined the expression and role of FIP4 in neuronal migration during cerebral layer formation. FIP4 mRNA was first weakly detected in post-mitotic migrating neurons in the upper intermediate zone, and expression was markedly increased in the cortical layer. Exogenously expressed FIP4 protein was localized to subpopulations of EEA1- and syntaxin 12-positive endosomes in migrating neurons, and was partially colocalized with FIP3. Knockdown of FIP4 by in utero electroporation significantly stalled transfected neurons in the lower cortical layer and decreased the speed of neuronal migration in the upper intermediate zone and in the cortical plate compared with control small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-transfected neurons. Furthermore, co-transfection of shRNA-resistant wild-type FIP4, but not wild type FIP3 or FIP4 mutants lacking the binding region for Rab11 or Arf, significantly improved the disturbed cortical layer formation caused by FIP4 knockdown. Collectively, our findings suggest that FIP4 and FIP3 play overlapping but distinct roles in neuronal migration downstream of Arf and Rab11 during cortical layer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Hara
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukaya
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Sugawara
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sakagami
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Zhang N, Wang X, Gobel V, Zhang X. The galectin LEC-5 is a novel binding partner for RAB-11. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:600-605. [PMID: 30274774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
RAB-11/Rab11 is an endosomal GTPase with conserved roles in directional trafficking and apical domain formation in polarized epithelial cells. From a yeast two-hybrid screen using full-length C. elegans RAB-11 as bait, we identified LEC-5 as a novel binding protein for RAB-11. LEC-5 is an ortholog of mammalian Galectin-9 which associates with glycosphingolipids and is implicated in apical cargo sorting. We further confirmed the interaction between RAB-11 and LEC-5 via GST-pull down, co-immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation. In addition, we showed that LEC-5 binds to RAB-11 with its C-terminus. Our results indicate a novel role of RAB-11 in apical sorting via LEC-5. Such a role would extend RAB-11's function as a master regulator of apical trafficking and suggest it could translate apical sorting signals into apical vesicle directionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Verena Gobel
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Developmental Biology and Genetics Core, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xichen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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RAB11FIP5 Expression and Altered Natural Killer Cell Function Are Associated with Induction of HIV Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Responses. Cell 2018; 175:387-399.e17. [PMID: 30270043 PMCID: PMC6176872 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are difficult to induce with vaccines but are generated in ∼50% of HIV-1-infected individuals. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of host control of bnAb induction is critical to vaccine design. Here, we performed a transcriptome analysis of blood mononuclear cells from 47 HIV-1-infected individuals who made bnAbs and 46 HIV-1-infected individuals who did not and identified in bnAb individuals upregulation of RAB11FIP5, encoding a Rab effector protein associated with recycling endosomes. Natural killer (NK) cells had the highest differential expression of RAB11FIP5, which was associated with greater dysregulation of NK cell subsets in bnAb subjects. NK cells from bnAb individuals had a more adaptive/dysfunctional phenotype and exhibited impaired degranulation and cytokine production that correlated with RAB11FIP5 transcript levels. Moreover, RAB11FIP5 overexpression modulated the function of NK cells. These data suggest that NK cells and Rab11 recycling endosomal transport are involved in regulation of HIV-1 bnAb development. Elevated RAB11FIP5 expression is associated with HIV-1 bnAb induction NK cells show the highest differential RAB11FIP5 expression NK cell subsets are more dysregulated in individuals developing bnAbs Rab11Fip5 regulates NK cell function
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Moretto E, Passafaro M. Recent Findings on AMPA Receptor Recycling. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:286. [PMID: 30233324 PMCID: PMC6129582 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPA-Rs) are tetrameric protein complexes that mediate most of the fast-excitatory transmission in response to the neurotransmitter glutamate in neurons. The abundance of AMPA-Rs at the surface of excitatory synapses establishes the strength of the response to glutamate. It is thus evident that neurons need to tightly regulate this feature, particularly in the context of all synaptic plasticity events, which are considered the biological correlates of higher cognitive functions such as learning and memory. AMPA-R levels at the synapse are regulated by insertion of newly synthesized receptors, lateral diffusion on the plasma membrane and endosomal cycling. The latter is likely the most important especially for synaptic plasticity. This process starts with the endocytosis of the receptor from the cell surface and is followed by either degradation, if the receptor is directed to the lysosomal compartment, or reinsertion at the cell surface through a specialized endosomal compartment called recycling endosomes. Although the basic steps of this process have been discovered, the details and participation of additional regulatory proteins are still being discovered. In this review article, we describe the most recent findings shedding light on this crucial mechanism of synaptic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Moretto
- Institute of Neuroscience, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Passafaro
- Institute of Neuroscience, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
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Kjos I, Vestre K, Guadagno NA, Borg Distefano M, Progida C. Rab and Arf proteins at the crossroad between membrane transport and cytoskeleton dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:1397-1409. [PMID: 30021127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular movement and positioning of organelles and vesicles is mediated by the cytoskeleton and molecular motors. Small GTPases like Rab and Arf proteins are main regulators of intracellular transport by connecting membranes to cytoskeleton motors or adaptors. However, it is becoming clear that interactions between these small GTPases and the cytoskeleton are important not only for the regulation of membrane transport. In this review, we will cover our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the connection between Rab and Arf GTPases and the cytoskeleton, with special emphasis on the double role of these interactions, not only in membrane trafficking but also in membrane and cytoskeleton remodeling. Furthermore, we will highlight the most recent findings about the fine control mechanisms of crosstalk between different members of Rab, Arf, and Rho families of small GTPases in the regulation of cytoskeleton organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Kjos
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
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Choe SR, Kim YN, Park CG, Cho KH, Cho DY, Lee HY. RCP induces FAK phosphorylation and ovarian cancer cell invasion with inhibition by curcumin. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-10. [PMID: 29700289 PMCID: PMC5938006 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab coupling protein (RCP) aggravates cancer cell metastasis and has been implicated in various cancer patient outcomes. Recently, we showed that RCP induces Slug expression and cancer cell invasion by stabilizing the β1 integrin protein. In the present study, we demonstrated that FAK is implicated in RCP-induced EGFR phosphorylation and ovarian cancer cell invasion with inhibition by curcumin. Ectopic expression of RCP induced FAK phosphorylation, which links β1 integrin with EGFR and participates in a positive regulation loop with EGFR. Interestingly, we observed for the first time that curcumin attenuates RCP-induced ovarian cancer cell invasion by blocking stabilization of β1 integrin and consequently inhibiting FAK and EGFR activation, providing potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer and therapeutic approaches for this deadly disease. Rab coupling protein (RCP)-induced tumor cell migration has been implicated in tumor pathophysiology and patient outcomes. Hoi Young Lee and colleagues at Konyang University in Daejeon, South Korea, have previously shown that RCP promotes ovarian cancer cell invasiveness by stabilizing cell adhesion receptors. In their latest study they find that RCP also increases the levels of two of its protein-binding partners and activates an important mediator of growth factor signaling, Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK). Interestingly, treating ovarian cancer cells with curcumin, a natural compound extracted from the spice turmeric, not only blocked the effects of RCP on cell adhesion and FAK activation, it also potentiated the inhibitory effects of the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin on cell invasiveness. Further research will determine whether curcumin could be used to halt ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Ra Choe
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yu Na Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Gyo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Do Yeun Cho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Hoi Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea.
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Raza S, Alvisi G, Shahin F, Husain U, Rabbani M, Yaqub T, Anjum AA, Sheikh AA, Nawaz M, Ali MA. Role of Rab GTPases in HSV-1 infection: Molecular understanding of viral maturation and egress. Microb Pathog 2018; 118:146-153. [PMID: 29551438 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Most enveloped viruses exploit complex cellular pathways for assembly and egress from the host cell, and the large DNA virus Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) makes no exception, hijacking several cellular transport pathways for its glycoprotein trafficking and maturation, as well as for viral morphogenesis and egress according to the envelopment, de-envelopment and re-envelopment model. Importantly Rab GTPases, widely distributed master regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking pathways, have recently being tightly implicated in such process. Indeed, siRNA-mediated genetic ablation of specific Rab proteins differently affected HSV-1 production, suggesting a complex role of different Rab proteins in HSV-1 life cycle. In this review, we discuss how different Rabs can regulate HSV-1 assembly/egress and the potential therapeutic applications of such findings for the management of HSV-1 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Raza
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Gualtiero Alvisi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Farzana Shahin
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Urooj Husain
- Postgraduate Medical Institute Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Masood Rabbani
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Yaqub
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Ahmad Sheikh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Ali
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Trafficking through the Endosomal Recycling Compartment Is Required for Particle Incorporation. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01893-17. [PMID: 29212940 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01893-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) encodes specific trafficking signals within its long cytoplasmic tail (CT) that regulate incorporation into HIV-1 particles. Rab11-family interacting protein 1C (FIP1C) and Rab14 are host trafficking factors required for Env particle incorporation, suggesting that Env undergoes sorting from the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC) to the site of particle assembly on the plasma membrane. We disrupted outward sorting from the ERC by expressing a C-terminal fragment of FIP1C (FIP1C560-649) and examined the consequences on Env trafficking and incorporation into particles. FIP1C560-649 reduced cell surface levels of Env and prevented its incorporation into HIV-1 particles. Remarkably, Env was trapped in an exaggerated perinuclear ERC in a CT-dependent manner. Mutation of either the Yxxϕ endocytic motif or the YW795 motif in the CT prevented Env trapping in the ERC and restored incorporation into particles. In contrast, simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 Env was not retained in the ERC, while substitution of the HIV-1 CT for the SIV CT resulted in SIV Env retention in this compartment. These results provide the first direct evidence that Env traffics through the ERC and support a model whereby HIV-1 Env is specifically targeted to the ERC prior to FIP1C- and CT-dependent outward sorting to the particle assembly site on the plasma membrane.IMPORTANCE The HIV envelope protein is an essential component of the viral particle. While many aspects of envelope protein structure and function have been established, the pathway it follows in the cell prior to reaching the site of particle assembly is not well understood. The envelope protein has a very long cytoplasmic tail that interacts with the host cell trafficking machinery. Here, we utilized a truncated form of the trafficking adaptor FIP1C protein to arrest the intracellular transport of the envelope protein, demonstrating that it becomes trapped inside the cell within the endosomal recycling compartment. Intracellular trapping resulted in a loss of envelope protein on released particles and a corresponding loss of infectivity. Mutations of specific trafficking motifs in the envelope protein tail prevented its trapping in the recycling compartment. These results establish that trafficking to the endosomal recycling compartment is an essential step in HIV envelope protein particle incorporation.
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Okamoto CT. Regulation of Transporters and Channels by Membrane-Trafficking Complexes in Epithelial Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2017; 9:a027839. [PMID: 28246186 PMCID: PMC5666629 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a027839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The vectorial secretion and absorption of fluid and solutes by epithelial cells is dependent on the polarized expression of membrane solute transporters and channels at the apical and basolateral membranes. The establishment and maintenance of this polarized expression of transporters and channels are affected by divers protein-trafficking complexes. Moreover, regulation of the magnitude of transport is often under control of physiological stimuli, again through the interaction of transporters and channels with protein-trafficking complexes. This review highlights the value in utilizing transporters and channels as cargo to characterize core trafficking machinery by which epithelial cells establish and maintain their polarized expression, and how this machinery regulates fluid and solute transport in response to physiological stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis T Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-9121
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Matsudaira T, Mukai K, Noguchi T, Hasegawa J, Hatta T, Iemura SI, Natsume T, Miyamura N, Nishina H, Nakayama J, Semba K, Tomita T, Murata S, Arai H, Taguchi T. Endosomal phosphatidylserine is critical for the YAP signalling pathway in proliferating cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1246. [PMID: 29093443 PMCID: PMC5665887 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a recently discovered growth-promoting transcription coactivator that has been shown to regulate the malignancy of various cancers. How YAP is regulated is not fully understood. Here, we show that one of the factors regulating YAP is phosphatidylserine (PS) in recycling endosomes (REs). We use proximity biotinylation to find proteins proximal to PS. Among these proteins are YAP and multiple proteins related to YAP signalling. Knockdown of ATP8A1 (an RE PS-flippase) or evectin-2 (an RE-resident protein) and masking of PS in the cytoplasmic leaflet of membranes, all suppress nuclear localization of YAP and YAP-dependent transcription. ATP8A1 knockdown increases the phosphorylated (activated) form of Lats1 that phosphorylates and inactivates YAP, whereas evectin-2 knockdown reduces the ubiquitination and increased the level of Lats1. The proliferation of YAP-dependent metastatic cancer cells is suppressed by knockdown of ATP8A1 or evectin-2. These results suggest a link between a membrane phospholipid and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyuki Matsudaira
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kojiro Mukai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taishin Noguchi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junya Hasegawa
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hatta
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-3-26, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichiro Iemura
- Medical Industry Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tohru Natsume
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-3-26, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Norio Miyamura
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2, Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2, Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takuya Tomita
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murata
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Pathological Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Pathological Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Murphy RE, Samal AB, Vlach J, Saad JS. Solution Structure and Membrane Interaction of the Cytoplasmic Tail of HIV-1 gp41 Protein. Structure 2017; 25:1708-1718.e5. [PMID: 29056482 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic tail of gp41 (gp41CT) remains the last HIV-1 domain with an unknown structure. It plays important roles in HIV-1 replication such as mediating envelope (Env) intracellular trafficking and incorporation into assembling virions, mechanisms of which are poorly understood. Here, we present the solution structure of gp41CT in a micellar environment and characterize its interaction with the membrane. We show that the N-terminal 45 residues are unstructured and not associated with the membrane. However, the C-terminal 105 residues form three membrane-bound amphipathic α helices with distinctive structural features such as variable degree of membrane penetration, hydrophobic and basic surfaces, clusters of aromatic residues, and a network of cation-π interactions. This work fills a major gap by providing the structure of the last segment of HIV-1 Env, which will provide insights into the mechanisms of Gag-mediated Env incorporation as well as the overall Env mobility and conformation on the virion surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Elliot Murphy
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Alexandra B Samal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jiri Vlach
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jamil S Saad
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Loss of Myosin Vb in colorectal cancer is a strong prognostic factor for disease recurrence. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1689-1701. [PMID: 29024942 PMCID: PMC5729446 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Selecting the most beneficial treatment regimens for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remains challenging due to a lack of prognostic markers. Members of the Myosin family, proteins recognised to have a major role in trafficking and polarisation of cells, have recently been reported to be closely associated with several types of cancer and might thus serve as potential prognostic markers in the context of CRC. Methods: We used a previously established meta-analysis of publicly available gene expression data to analyse the expression of different members of the Myosin V family, namely MYO5A, 5B, and 5C, in CRC. Using laser-microdissected material as well as tissue microarrays from paired human CRC samples, we validated both RNA and protein expression of Myosin Vb (MYO5B) and its known adapter proteins (RAB8A and RAB25) in an independent patient cohort. Finally, we assessed the prognostic value of both MYO5B and its adapter-coupled combinatorial gene expression signatures. Results: The meta-analysis as well as an independent patient cohort study revealed a methylation-independent loss of MYO5B expression in CRC that matched disease progression. Although MYO5B mutations were identified in a small number of patients, these cannot be solely responsible for the common downregulation observed in CRC patients. Significantly, CRC patients with low MYO5B expression displayed shorter overall, disease-, and metastasis-free survival, a trend that was further reinforced when RAB8A expression was also taken into account. Conclusions: Our data identify MYO5B as a powerful prognostic biomarker in CRC, especially in early stages (stages I and II), which might help stratifying patients with stage II for adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Stapled peptide inhibitors of RAB25 target context-specific phenotypes in cancer. Nat Commun 2017; 8:660. [PMID: 28939823 PMCID: PMC5610242 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00888-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has established a role for the small GTPase RAB25, as well as related effector proteins, in enacting both pro-oncogenic and anti-oncogenic phenotypes in specific cellular contexts. Here we report the development of all-hydrocarbon stabilized peptides derived from the RAB-binding FIP-family of proteins to target RAB25. Relative to unmodified peptides, optimized stapled peptides exhibit increased structural stability, binding affinity, cell permeability, and inhibition of RAB25:FIP complex formation. Treatment of cancer cell lines in which RAB25 is pro-oncogenic with an optimized stapled peptide, RFP14, inhibits migration, and proliferation in a RAB25-dependent manner. In contrast, RFP14 treatment augments these phenotypes in breast cancer cells in which RAB25 is tumor suppressive. Transcriptional profiling identified significantly altered transcripts in response to RAB25 expression, and treatment with RFP14 opposes this expression profile. These data validate the first cell-active chemical probes targeting RAB-family proteins and support the role of RAB25 in regulating context-specific oncogenic phenotypes. The Ras-family small GTPase RAB25 can exert both pro- and anti-oncogenic functions. Here, the authors develop all-hydrocarbon stabilized peptides targeting RAB25 and influencing the context-specificity phenotypes in cancer cell lines.
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Abstract
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that utilize cellular machinery for many aspects of their replication cycles. Enveloped viruses generally rely upon host vesicular trafficking machinery to direct their structural proteins and genomes to sites of virus replication, assembly, and budding. Rab GTPases have been implicated in the replication of many important viral pathogens infecting humans. This review provides a summary of virus-Rab protein interactions, with a particular focus on the role of Rab-related trafficking pathways on late events in the lifecycle of herpesviruses and of HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Spearman
- a Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , Cincinnati , OH , USA
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Intracellular Colocalization of Influenza Viral RNA and Rab11A Is Dependent upon Microtubule Filaments. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.01179-17. [PMID: 28724771 PMCID: PMC5599730 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01179-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) consists of eight viral RNA (vRNA) segments that are replicated in the host cell nucleus and transported to the plasma membrane for packaging into progeny virions. We have previously proposed a model where subcomplexes of vRNA are exported from the nucleus and assembled en route to the plasma membrane. However, the role of host cytoskeletal proteins in the cytoplasmic assembly of IAV vRNA segments remains unknown. Previous studies have suggested that IAV vRNA segments are transported via Rab11A-containing recycling endosomes (RE) and use both microtubules (MT) and actin. Rab11A RE transport primarily along MT; therefore, investigation of the role of MT in vRNA assembly is warranted. We explored the role of MT in vRNA assembly and replication by using multiple IAV strains in various cell types, including primary human airway epithelial cells. We observed that Rab11A localization was altered in the presence of MT-depolymerizing drugs, but growth of IAV in all of the cell types tested was unchanged. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed to determine the role of MT in the assembly of multiple vRNA segments. Unexpectedly, we found that vRNA-vRNA association in cytoplasmic foci was independent of MT. Given the disparity of localization between Rab11A and vRNA segments in the absence of intact MT filaments, we analyzed the three-dimensional spatial relationship between Rab11A and vRNA in the cytoplasm of infected cells. We found that Rab11A and vRNA colocalization is dependent upon dynamic MT filaments. Taken together, our data suggest that cytoplasmic transport of influenza vRNA may include a Rab11A RE-independent mechanism. IMPORTANCE IAV infections cause a large public health burden through seasonal epidemics and sporadic pandemics. Pandemic IAVs emerge through reassortment of vRNA in animal or human hosts. Elucidation of the mechanism of intracellular dynamics of IAV assembly is necessary to understand reassortment. Our results describing the role of MT in vRNA transport and assembly expand upon previous studies characterizing vRNA assembly. This study is the first to assess the role of MT in influenza virus replication in human bronchial airway epithelial cells. In addition, we present novel data on the role of MT in facilitating the association between distinct vRNA segments. Interestingly, our results suggest that progressive assembly of vRNA segments may be cell type dependent and that vRNA may be transported through the cytoplasm without Rab11A RE in the absence of intact MT. These results enhance our understanding of vRNA assembly and the role of cytoskeletal proteins in that process.
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