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Wang Y, Peng D, Zhang X, Chen J, Feng J, Zhang R, Mai W, Chen H, Yang Y, Huang Y, Zhang Q. PLCβ4 driven by cadmium-exposure during gestation and lactation contributes to cognitive deficits by suppressing PIP2/PLCγ1/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway in male offspring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134756. [PMID: 38820747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The fetus and infants are particularly vulnerable to Cadmium (Cd) due to the immaturity of the blood-brain barrier. In utero and early life exposure to Cd is associated with cognitive deficits. Although such exposure has attracted widespread attention, its gender-specificity remains controversial, and there are no reports disclosing the underlying mechanism of gender‑specific neurotoxicity. We extensively evaluated the learning and cognitive functions and synaptic plasticity of male and female rats exposed to maternal Cd. Maternal Cd exposure induced learning and memory deficits in male offspring rats, but not in female offspring rats. PLCβ4 was identified as a critical protein, which might be related to the gender‑specific cognitive deficits in male rats. The up-regulated PLCβ4 competed with PLCγ1 to bind to PIP2, which counteracted the hydrolysis of PIP2 by PLCγ1. The decreased activation of PLCγ1 inhibited the phosphorylation of CREB to reduce BDNF transcription, which consequently resulted in the damage of hippocampal neurons and cognitive deficiency. Moreover, the low level of BDNF promoted AEP activation to induce Aβ deposition in the hippocampus. These findings highlight that PLCβ4 might be a potential target for the therapy of learning and cognitive deficits caused by Cd exposure in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dong Peng
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiayan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Runze Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wanwen Mai
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yadong Huang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Qihao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Qiao X, Liu C, Wang W, Yang C, Li M, Yi Q, Kong N, Qiu L, Liu X, Wang L, Song L. A neural cell adhesion molecule from oyster Crassostrea gigas: Molecular identification and immune functional characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125756. [PMID: 37429340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAMs) are large cell-surface glycoproteins playing important roles in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in nervous system. Recent study identified a homologue of NCAM (CgNCAM) from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Its ORF was of 2634 bp which encodes a protein (877 amino acids) consisting of five immunoglobulin domains and two fibronectin type III domains. CgNCAM transcripts were broadly distributed in oyster tissues especially in mantle, labial palp and haemolymph. CgNCAM showed up-regulated expression in haemocytes of oysters after Vibrio splendidus and Staphylococcus aureus stimulation. The recombinant CgNCAM protein (rCgNCAM) was able to bind manose, lipopolysaccharide and glucan, as well as different microbes including Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. rCgNCAM displayed bacterial agglutination and hemagglutination activity. CgNCAM improved the phagocytosis of haemocytes towards V. splendidus by regulating the expression of CgIntegrin, CgRho J and CgMAPKK. Moreover, CgNCAM was involved in the extracellular trap establishment of haemocytes after V. splendidus stimulation. The results collectively indicated that CgNCAM acted as a recognition receptor executing multiple immune functions to recognize and eliminate invading microorganisms in innate immunity of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Qiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Conghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chuanyan Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Meijia Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qilin Yi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ning Kong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiyang Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Knittel LM, Swanson TL, Lee HJ, Copenhaver PF. Fasciclin 2 plays multiple roles in promoting cell migration within the developing nervous system of Manduca sexta. Dev Biol 2023; 499:31-46. [PMID: 37121309 PMCID: PMC10247491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The coordination of neuronal and glial migration is essential to the formation of most nervous systems, requiring a complex interplay of cell-intrinsic responses and intercellular guidance cues. During the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in Manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm), the IgCAM Fasciclin 2 (Fas2) serves several distinct functions to regulate these processes. As the ENS forms, a population of 300 neurons (EP cells) undergoes sequential phases of migration along well-defined muscle pathways on the visceral mesoderm to form a branching Enteric Plexus, closely followed by a trailing wave of proliferating glial cells that enwrap the neurons. Initially, both the neurons and glial cells express a GPI-linked form of Fas2 (GPI-Fas2), which helps maintain cell-cell contact among the pre-migratory neurons and later promotes glial ensheathment. The neurons then switch isoforms, predominantly expressing a combination of transmembrane isoforms lacking an intracellular PEST domain (TM-Fas2 PEST-), while their muscle band pathways on the midgut transiently express transmembrane isoforms containing this domain (TM-Fas2 PEST+). Using intracellular injection protocols to manipulate Fas2 expression in cultured embryos, we found that TM-Fas2 promotes the directed migration and outgrowth of individual neurons in the developing ENS. Concurrently, TM-Fas2 expression by the underlying muscle bands is also required as a substrate cue to support normal migration, while glial expression of GPI-Fas2 helps support their ensheathment of the migratory neurons. These results demonstrate how a specific IgCAM can play multiple roles that help coordinate neuronal and glial migration in the developing nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Knittel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology L-215, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Tracy L Swanson
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology L-215, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Hun Joo Lee
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology L-215, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Philip F Copenhaver
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology L-215, Oregon Health & Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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Vukmanovic Nosrat I, Palacios JL, Kezian S, Luong G, Tran A, Vu K, Henson BS, Nosrat P, Lutfy K, Nosrat CA. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in taste buds diminishes chemotherapy induced taste loss. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4967-4982. [PMID: 35986485 PMCID: PMC9804163 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vismodegib is used in patients suffering from advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC), but 100% of the patients taking it report dysgeusia and 50% discontinue the treatment. Treatment with neurotrophic factors can stimulate neuronal survival and functional improvement in injured organs. Here, we analysed novel transgenic mouse lines in which brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is overexpressed in taste buds, to examine whether higher levels of BDNF would reduce or prevent negative side effects of vismodegib in the taste system. BDNF plays crucial roles for development, target innervation, and survival of gustatory neurons and taste buds. The behavioural test in this study showed that vehicle-treated wild-type mice prefered 10 mM sucrose over water, whereas vismodegib treatment in wild-type mice caused total taste loss. Gustducin-BDNF mice had a significantly increased preference for low concentration of sucrose solution over water compared to wild-type mice, and most importantly the transgenic mice were able to detect low concentrations of sucrose following vismodegib treatment. We evaluated taste cell morphology, identity, innervation and proliferation using immunohistochemistry. All drug-treated mice exhibited deficits, but because of a possible functional upcycled priming of the peripheral gustatory system, GB mice demonstrated better morphological preservation of the peripheral gustatory system. Our study indicates that overexpression of BDNF in taste buds plays a role in preventing degeneration of taste buds. Counteracting the negative side effects of vismodegib treatment might improve compliance and achieve better outcome in patients suffering from advanced BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerry L. Palacios
- Graduate College of Biomedical SciencesWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steven Kezian
- Graduate College of Biomedical SciencesWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Gloria Luong
- Graduate College of Biomedical SciencesWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew Tran
- Graduate College of Biomedical SciencesWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kim Vu
- Graduate College of Biomedical SciencesWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bradley S. Henson
- College of Dental MedicineWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Philip Nosrat
- College of Dental MedicineWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kabirullah Lutfy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of PharmacyWestern University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
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Interactions between the Polysialylated Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule and the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channels 1, 4, and 5 Induce Entry of Ca 2+ into Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710027. [PMID: 36077460 PMCID: PMC9456277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays important functional roles in the developing and mature nervous systems. Here, we show that the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) ion channels TRPC1, -4, and -5 not only interact with the intracellular domains of the transmembrane isoforms NCAM140 and NCAM180, but also with the glycan polysialic acid (PSA) covalently attached to the NCAM protein backbone. NCAM antibody treatment leads to the opening of TRPC1, -4, and -5 hetero- or homomers at the plasma membrane and to the influx of Ca2+ into cultured cortical neurons and CHO cells expressing NCAM, PSA, and TRPC1 and -4 or TRPC1 and -5. NCAM-stimulated Ca2+ entry was blocked by the TRPC inhibitor Pico145 or the bacterial PSA homolog colominic acid. NCAM-stimulated Ca2+ influx was detectable neither in NCAM-deficient cortical neurons nor in TRPC1/4- or TRPC1/5-expressing CHO cells that express NCAM, but not PSA. NCAM-induced neurite outgrowth was reduced by TRPC inhibitors and a function-blocking TRPC1 antibody. A characteristic signaling feature was that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation was also reduced by TRPC inhibitors. Our findings indicate that the interaction of NCAM with TRPC1, -4, and -5 contributes to the NCAM-stimulated and PSA-dependent Ca2+ entry into neurons thereby influencing essential neural functions.
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Study on NGF and VEGF during the Equine Perinatal Period-Part 2: Foals Affected by Neonatal Encephalopathy. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090459. [PMID: 36136675 PMCID: PMC9503474 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE) may be caused by hypoxic ischemic insults or inflammatory insults and modified by innate protective or excitatory mechanisms. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology is important in formulating a rational approach to diagnosis. The preliminary aim was to clinically characterize a population of foals spontaneously affected by NE. The study aimed to: (i) evaluate nerve growth factor (NGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in plasma samples obtained in the affected population at parturition from the mare’s jugular vein, umbilical cord vein and foal’s jugular vein, as well as in amniotic fluid; (ii) evaluate the NGF and VEGF content in the plasma of foals affected by NE during the first 72 h of life/hospitalization; (iii) evaluate NGF and VEGF levels at birth/admission in relation to selected mare’s and foal’s clinical parameters; (iv) evaluate the relationship between the two trophic factors and thyroid hormone levels (TT3 and TT4) in the first 72 h of life/hospitalization; and (v) assess the mRNA expression of NGF, VEGF and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and their cell surface receptors, in the placenta of mares that delivered foals affected by NE. Thirteen affected foals born from mares hospitalized for peripartum monitoring (group NE) and twenty affected foals hospitalized after birth (group exNE) were included in the study. Dosage of NGF and VEGF levels was performed using commercial ELISA kits, whereas NGF, VEGF, and BDNF placental gene expression was performed using a semi-quantitative real-time PCR. In group NE, NGF levels decreased significantly from T0 to T24 (p = 0.0447) and VEGF levels decreased significantly from T0 to T72 (p = 0.0234), whereas in group exNE, only NGF levels decreased significantly from T0 to T24 (p = 0.0304). Compared to healthy foals, a significant reduction of TT3 levels was observed in both NE (T24, p = 0.0066; T72 p = 0.0003) and exNE (T0, p = 0.0082; T24, p < 0.0001; T72, p < 0.0001) groups, whereas a significant reduction of TT4 levels was observed only in exNE group (T0, p = 0.0003; T24, p = 0.0010; T72, p = 0.0110). In group NE, NGF levels were positively correlated with both TT3 (p = 0.0475; r = 0.3424) and TT4 levels (p = 0.0063; r = 0.4589). In the placenta, a reduced expression of NGF in the allantois (p = 0.0033) and a reduced expression of BDNF in the amnion (p = 0.0498) were observed. The less pronounced decrease of the two trophic factors compared to healthy foals, their relationship with thyroid hormones over time, and the reduced expression of NGF and BDNF in placental tissues of mares that delivered affected foals, could be key regulators in the mechanisms of equine NE.
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Ellero N, Lanci A, Baldassarro VA, Alastra G, Mariella J, Cescatti M, Giardino L, Castagnetti C. Study on NGF and VEGF during the Equine Perinatal Period-Part 1: Healthy Foals Born from Normal Pregnancy and Parturition. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090451. [PMID: 36136667 PMCID: PMC9504588 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of trophic factors, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) during the perinatal period, is now emerging. Through their functional activities of neurogenesis and angiogenesis, they play a key role in the final maturation of the nervous and vascular systems. The present study aims to: (i) evaluate the NGF and VEGF levels obtained at parturition from the mare, foal and umbilical cord vein plasma, as well as in amniotic fluid; (ii) evaluate NGF and VEGF content in the plasma of healthy foals during the first 72 h of life (T0, T24 and T72); (iii) evaluate NGF and VEGF levels at parturition in relation to the selected mares’ and foals’ clinical parameters; (iv) evaluate the relationship between the two trophic factors and the thyroid hormone levels (TT3 and TT4) in the first 72 h of life; (v) assess mRNA expression of NGF, VEGF and BDNF and their cell surface receptors in the placenta. Fourteen Standardbred healthy foals born from mares with normal pregnancies and parturitions were included in the study. The dosage of NGF and VEGF levels was performed using commercial ELISA kits, whereas NGF, VEGF and BDNF placental gene expression was performed using semi-quantitative real-time PCR. In foal plasma, both NGF and VEGF levels decreased significantly over time, from T0 to T24 (p = 0.0066 for NGF; p < 0.0001 for VEGF) and from T0 to T72 (p = 0.0179 for NGF; p = 0.0016 for VEGF). In foal serum, TT3 levels increased significantly over time from T0 to T24 (p = 0.0058) and from T0 to T72 (p = 0.0013), whereas TT4 levels decreased significantly over time from T0 to T24 (p = 0.0201) and from T0 to T72 (p < 0.0001). A positive correlation was found in the levels of NGF and VEGF in foal plasma at each time point (p = 0.0115; r = 0.2862). A positive correlation was found between NGF levels in the foal plasma at T0 and lactate (p = 0.0359; r = 0.5634) as well as between VEGF levels in the foal plasma at T0 and creatine kinase (p = 0.0459; r = 0.5407). VEGF was expressed in all fetal membranes, whereas NGF and its receptors were not expressed in the amnion. The close relationship between the two trophic factors in foal plasma over time and their fine expression in placental tissues appear to be key regulators of fetal development and adaptation to extra-uterine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Ellero
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Aliai Lanci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vito Antonio Baldassarro
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Alastra
- Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jole Mariella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Luciana Giardino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
- Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Carolina Castagnetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
- Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
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Loers G, Theis T, Baixia Hao H, Kleene R, Arsha S, Samuel N, Arsha N, Young W, Schachner M. Interplay in neural functions of cell adhesion molecule close homolog of L1 (CHL1) and Programmed Cell Death 6 (PDCD6). FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:43-59. [PMID: 35024572 PMCID: PMC8728108 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Close homolog of L1 (CHL1) is a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It promotes neuritogenesis and survival of neurons in vitro. In vivo, CHL1 promotes nervous system development, regeneration after trauma, and synaptic function and plasticity. We identified programmed cell death 6 (PDCD6) as a novel binding partner of the CHL1 intracellular domain (CHL1-ICD). Co-immunoprecipitation, pull-down assay with CHL1-ICD, and proximity ligation in cerebellum and pons of 3-day-old and 6-month-old mice, as well as in cultured cerebellar granule neurons and cortical astrocytes indicate an association between PDCD6 and CHL1. The Ca2+-chelator BAPTA-AM inhibited the association between CHL1 and PDCD6. The treatment of cerebellar granule neurons with a cell-penetrating peptide comprising the cell surface proximal 30 N-terminal amino acids of CHL1-ICD inhibited the association between CHL1 and PDCD6 and PDCD6- and CHL1-triggered neuronal survival. These results suggest that PDCD6 contributes to CHL1 functions in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Loers
- Zentrum für Molekulare NeurobiologieUniversitätsklinikum Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Thomas Theis
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Helen Baixia Hao
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Ralf Kleene
- Zentrum für Molekulare NeurobiologieUniversitätsklinikum Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Sanjana Arsha
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Nina Samuel
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Neha Arsha
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Wise Young
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
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Savvaki M, Kafetzis G, Kaplanis SI, Ktena N, Theodorakis K, Karagogeos D. Neuronal, but not glial, Contactin 2 negatively regulates axon regeneration in the injured adult optic nerve. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:1705-1721. [PMID: 33469963 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian adult neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) display limited ability to regrow axons after trauma. The developmental decline in their regenerative ability has been attributed to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including postnatal suppression of transcription factors and non-neuronal inhibitory components, respectively. The cell adhesion molecule Contactin 2 (CNTN2) is expressed in neurons and oligodendrocytes in the CNS. Neuronal CNTN2 is highly regulated during development and plays critical roles in axon growth and guidance and neuronal migration. On the other hand, CNTN2 expressed by oligodendrocytes interferes with the myelination process, with its ablation resulting in hypomyelination. In the current study, we investigate the role of CNTN2 in neuronal survival and axon regeneration after trauma, in the murine optic nerve crush (ONC) model. We unveil distinct roles for neuronal and glial CNTN2 in regenerative responses. Surprisingly, our data show a conflicting role of neuronal and glial CNTN2 in axon regeneration. Although glial CNTN2 as well as hypomyelination are dispensable for both neuronal survival and axon regeneration following ONC, the neuronal counterpart comprises a negative regulator of regeneration. Specifically, we reveal a novel mechanism of action for neuronal CNTN2, implicating the inhibition of Akt signalling pathway. The in vitro analysis indicates a BDNF-independent mode of action and biochemical data suggest the implication of the truncated form of TrkB neurotrophin receptor. In conclusion, CNTN2 expressed in CNS neurons serves as an inhibitor of axon regeneration after trauma and its mechanism of action involves the neutralization of Akt-mediated neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Savvaki
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology - FoRTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Kafetzis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.,School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Stefanos-Ioannis Kaplanis
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology - FoRTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Niki Ktena
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology - FoRTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kostas Theodorakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology - FoRTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Domna Karagogeos
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology - FoRTH, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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10
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Nagaraj V, Theis T, Johal AS, Seth A, Gore J, Arsha N, Patel M, Hao HB, Kurian N, Schachner M. Application of Antibodies to Neuronally Expressed Nogo-A Increases Neuronal Survival and Neurite Outgrowth. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155417. [PMID: 32751444 PMCID: PMC7432704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nogo-A, a glycoprotein expressed in oligodendrocytes and central nervous system myelin, inhibits regeneration after injury. Antibodies against Nogo-A neutralize this inhibitory activity, improve locomotor recovery in spinal cord-injured adult mammals, and promote regrowth/sprouting/saving of damaged axons beyond the lesion site. Nogo-A is also expressed by neurons. Complete ablation of Nogo-A in all cell types expressing it has been found to lead to recovery in some studies but not in others. Neuronal ablation of Nogo-A reduces axonal regrowth after injury. In view of these findings, we hypothesized that, in addition to neutralizing Nogo-A in oligodendrocytes and myelin, Nogo-A antibodies may act directly on neuronal Nogo-A to trigger neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival. Here, we show that polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against Nogo-A enhance neurite growth and survival of cultured cerebellar granule neurons and increase expression of the neurite outgrowth-promoting L1 cell adhesion molecule and polysialic acid. Application of inhibitors of signal transducing molecules, such as c-src, c-fyn, protein kinase A, and casein kinase II reduce antibody-triggered neurite outgrowth. These observations indicate that the recovery-promoting functions of antibodies against Nogo-A may not only be due to neutralizing Nogo-A in oligodendrocytes and myelin, but also to their interactions with Nogo-A on neurons.
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11
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Theis T, Kumar S, Wei E, Nguyen J, Glynos V, Paranjape N, Askarifirouzjaei H, Khajouienejad L, Berthiaume F, Young W, Schachner M. Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate effector domain peptide improves sex-specific recovery and axonal regrowth after spinal cord injury. FASEB J 2020; 34:12677-12690. [PMID: 32729988 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000026rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is an intracellular receptor for polysialic acid. MARCKS supports development, synaptic plasticity, and regeneration after injury. MARCKS binds with its functionally essential effector domain (ED) to polysialic acid. A 25-mer peptide comprising the ED of MARCKS stimulates neuritogenesis of primary hippocampal neurons after addition to the culture. This motivated us to investigate whether ED peptide has similar effects in spinal cord injury. ED peptide supported recovery and regrowth of monoaminergic axons in female, but not in male mice. Sex-specific differences in response to ED peptide application also occurred in cultured neurons. In female but not male neurons, the ED peptide enhanced neurite outgrowth that could be suppressed by inhibitors of the estrogen receptors α and β, fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, protein kinase C, and matrix metalloproteinase 2. In addition, we observed female-specific elevation of phosphorylated MARCKS levels after ED peptide treatment. In male neurons, the ED peptide enhanced neuritogenesis in the presence of an androgen receptor inhibitor to the extent seen in ED peptide-treated female neurons. However, inhibition of androgen receptor did not lead to increased phosphorylation of MARCKS. These results provide insights into the functions of a novel compound contributing to gender-dependent regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theis
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Suneel Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Elena Wei
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jennifer Nguyen
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Vicci Glynos
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nikita Paranjape
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Hadi Askarifirouzjaei
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Leila Khajouienejad
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Francois Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Wise Young
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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12
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Luke MPS, Brown RE, Clarke DB. Polysialylated - neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) promotes recovery of vision after the critical period. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 107:103527. [PMID: 32634575 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vision loss has long since been considered irreversible after a critical period; however, there is potential to restore limited vision, even in adulthood. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced following complete loss of vision in the dominant eye. Adult neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) knockout mice have an age-related impairment of visual acuity. The underlying cause of early deterioration in visual function remains unknown. Polysialylated (PSA) NCAM is involved in different forms of neural plasticity in the adult brain, raising the possibility that NCAM plays a role in the plasticity of the visual cortex, and therefore, in visual ability. Here, we examined whether PSA-NCAM is required for visual cortical plasticity in adult C57Bl/6J mice following deafferentation and long-term monocular deprivation. Our results show that elevated PSA in the contralateral visual cortex of the reopened eye is accompanied by changes in other markers of neural plasticity: increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and degradation of perineuronal nets (PNNs). The removal of PSA-NCAM in the visual cortex of these mice reduced BDNF expression, decreased PNN degradation, and resulted in impaired recovery of visual acuity after optic nerve transection and chronic monocular deprivation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PSA-NCAM is necessary for the reactivation of visual cortical plasticity and recovery of visual function in adult mice. It also offers a potential molecular target for the therapeutic treatment of cortically based visual impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Po-Shan Luke
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
| | - Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Centre, 1355 Oxford Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
| | - David B Clarke
- Departments of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Medical Neuroscience, and Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
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13
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Keable R, Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V. Trafficking and Activity of Glutamate and GABA Receptors: Regulation by Cell Adhesion Molecules. Neuroscientist 2020; 26:415-437. [PMID: 32449484 DOI: 10.1177/1073858420921117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The efficient targeting of ionotropic receptors to postsynaptic sites is essential for the function of chemical excitatory and inhibitory synapses, constituting the majority of synapses in the brain. A growing body of evidence indicates that cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), which accumulate at synapses at the earliest stages of synaptogenesis, are critical for this process. A diverse variety of CAMs assemble into complexes with glutamate and GABA receptors and regulate the targeting of these receptors to the cell surface and synapses. Presynaptically localized CAMs provide an additional level of regulation, sending a trans-synaptic signal that can regulate synaptic strength at the level of receptor trafficking. Apart from controlling the numbers of receptors present at postsynaptic sites, CAMs can also influence synaptic strength by modulating the conductivity of single receptor channels. CAMs thus act to maintain basal synaptic transmission and are essential for many forms of activity dependent synaptic plasticity. These activities of CAMs may underlie the association between CAM gene mutations and synaptic pathology and represent fundamental mechanisms by which synaptic strength is dynamically tuned at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Keable
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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14
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Wang C, Inselman A, Liu S, Liu F. Potential mechanisms for phencyclidine/ketamine-induced brain structural alterations and behavioral consequences. Neurotoxicology 2019; 76:213-219. [PMID: 31812709 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of structural abnormalities in the nervous system of recreational drug [e.g., phencyclidine (PCP) or ketamine] users and/or preclinical animal research models suggests interference with the activity of multiple neurotransmitters, particularly glutamate neurotransmission. The damage to the central nervous system (CNS) may include neuronal loss, synaptic changes, disturbed neural network formation and reduced projections to subcortical fields. Notably, the reduced projections may considerably compromise the establishment of the subcortical areas, such as the nucleus accumbens located in the basal forebrain. With its abundant dopaminergic innervation, the nucleus accumbens is believed to be directly associated with addictive behaviors and mental disorders. This review seeks to delineate the relationship between PCP/ketamine-induced loss of cortical neurons and the reduced level of polysialic acid neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) in the striatum, and the likely changes in striatal synaptogenesis during development. The basic mechanism of how PSA-NCAM cell surface expression may be regulated will also be discussed, as well as the hypothesis that PSA-NCAM activity is critical to the regulation of synaptic protein expression. Overall, the present review will address the general hypothesis that damage/interruption of cortico-striatal communication and subcortical synaptogenesis could underlie the erratic/sensitization or addictive states produced by chronic or prolonged PCP/ketamine usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, United States.
| | - Amy Inselman
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, United States
| | - Shuliang Liu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, United States.
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15
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Engineered triple inhibitory receptor resistance improves anti-tumor CAR-T cell performance via CD56. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4109. [PMID: 31511513 PMCID: PMC6739330 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory receptors PD-1, Tim-3, and Lag-3 are highly expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and compromise their antitumor activity. For efficient cancer immunotherapy, it is important to prevent chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T)-cell exhaustion. Here we downregulate these three checkpoint receptors simultaneously on CAR-T cells and that show the resulting PTL-CAR-T cells undergo epigenetic modifications and better control tumor growth. Furthermore, we unexpectedly find increased tumor infiltration by PTL-CAR-T cells and their clustering between the living and necrotic tumor tissue. Mechanistically, PTL-CAR-T cells upregulate CD56 (NCAM), which is essential for their effector function. The homophilic interaction between intercellular CD56 molecules correlates with enhanced infiltration of CAR-T cells, increased secretion of interferon-γ, and the prolonged survival of CAR-T cells. Ectopically expressed CD56 promotes CAR-T cell survival and antitumor response. Our findings demonstrate that genetic blockade of three checkpoint inhibitory receptors and the resulting high expression of CD56 on CAR-T cells enhances the inhibition of tumor growth. The inhibitory receptors PD-1, Tim-3 and Lag-3 act as negative feedback regulators of T cell responses. Here the authors improve CAR T cell antitumor efficacy by triple knockdown of these receptors, show it requires CD56, and correlate CD56-mediated homophilic cell interactions with CAR T cell efficacy.
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16
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Pokharel S, Lee CH, Gilyazova N, Ibeanu GC. Analysis of Gene Expression and Neuronal Phenotype in Neuroscreen-1 (NS-1) Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2018; 1:115. [PMID: 30687846 PMCID: PMC6345259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroscreen-1 (NS-1) a sub-clone of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell is gaining broad acceptance as in vitro neuronal model for biochemical and phenotypic assays due to robust growth and differentiation profiles. However, the molecular characteristics of the cell remains to be documented. In this study, we performed comparative analysis for expression of neuronal marker genes in undifferentiated and nerve growth factor (NGF) differentiated NS-1 and PC12 by qPCR and immunoblot assays. We show that differentiation of NS-1 occurred under low concentrations of NGF relative to PC12. Cell growth also occurred more rapidly in NS-1. Transcriptional analysis of neuronal marker genes showed comparable expression of tyrosine receptor kinases (Ntrk1, Ntrk2, NGFR/p75NTR) and muscarinic acetylcholine (Chrm1, Chrm2, Chrm3, Chrm4) receptors in unspecialized cells. Ntrk2, adenosine receptors (Adora1, Adora2A) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were altered in undifferentiated NS-1. In contrast, Ntrk1, Ntrk2, Chrm2 transcripts were vastly increased in NS-1 with NGF exposure, while Ntrk3, Adora1 and Adora2A transcripts were reduced. In differentiated PC12, Chrm4 and ChAT were markedly upregulated. Our data suggests that differences in morphological and phenotypic characteristics that distinguish NS-1 from PC12 is likely the product of altered gene expression. Furthermore, expression of neuron type genes in NS-1 support its use as an alternative model to PC12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smritee Pokharel
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Chang Hun Lee
- School of Dentistry, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Nailya Gilyazova
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gordon C. Ibeanu
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina United States of America
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17
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Actin Tyrosine-53-Phosphorylation in Neuronal Maturation and Synaptic Plasticity. J Neurosci 2017; 36:5299-313. [PMID: 27170127 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2649-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rapid reorganization and stabilization of the actin cytoskeleton in dendritic spines enables cellular processes underlying learning, such as long-term potentiation (LTP). Dendritic spines are enriched in exceptionally short and dynamic actin filaments, but the studies so far have not revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying the high actin dynamics in dendritic spines. Here, we show that actin in dendritic spines is dynamically phosphorylated at tyrosine-53 (Y53) in rat hippocampal and cortical neurons. Our findings show that actin phosphorylation increases the turnover rate of actin filaments and promotes the short-term dynamics of dendritic spines. During neuronal maturation, actin phosphorylation peaks at the first weeks of morphogenesis, when dendritic spines form, and the amount of Y53-phosphorylated actin decreases when spines mature and stabilize. Induction of LTP transiently increases the amount of phosphorylated actin and LTP induction is deficient in neurons expressing mutant actin that mimics phosphorylation. Actin phosphorylation provides a molecular mechanism to maintain the high actin dynamics in dendritic spines during neuronal development and to induce fast reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in synaptic plasticity. In turn, dephosphorylation of actin is required for the stabilization of actin filaments that is necessary for proper dendritic spine maturation and LTP maintenance. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Dendritic spines are small protrusions from neuronal dendrites where the postsynaptic components of most excitatory synapses reside. Precise control of dendritic spine morphology and density is critical for normal brain function. Accordingly, aberrant spine morphology is linked to many neurological diseases. The actin cytoskeleton is a structural element underlying the proper morphology of dendritic spines. Therefore, defects in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in neurons have been implicated in neurological diseases. Here, we revealed a novel mechanism for regulating neuronal actin cytoskeleton that explains the specific organization and dynamics of actin in spines. The better we understand the regulation of the dendritic spine morphology, the better we understand what goes wrong in neurological diseases.
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18
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Katic J, Loers G, Tosic J, Schachner M, Kleene R. The cell adhesion molecule CHL1 interacts with patched-1 to regulate apoptosis during postnatal cerebellar development. J Cell Sci 2017. [PMID: 28630165 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.194563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecule close homolog of L1 (CHL1) plays important roles during nervous system development. Here, we identified the hedgehog receptor patched-1 (PTCH1) as a novel CHL1-binding protein and showed that CHL1 interacts with the first extracellular loop of PTCH1 via its extracellular domain. Colocalization and co-immunoprecipitation of CHL1 with PTCH1 suggest an association of CHL1 with this major component of the hedgehog signaling pathway. The trans-interaction of CHL1 with PTCH1 promotes neuronal survival in cultures of dissociated cerebellar granule cells and of organotypic cerebellar slices. An inhibitor of the PTCH1-regulated hedgehog signal transducer, smoothened (SMO), and inhibitors of RhoA and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) 1 and 2 prevent CHL1-dependent survival of cultured cerebellar granule cells and survival of cerebellar granule and Purkinje cells in organotypic cultures. In histological sections from 10- and 14-day-old CHL1-deficient mice, enhanced apoptosis of granule, but not Purkinje, cells was observed. The results of the present study indicate that CHL1 triggers PTCH1-, SMO-, RhoA- and ROCK-dependent signal transduction pathways to promote neuronal survival after cessation of the major morphogenetic events during mouse cerebellar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Katic
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Loers
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jelena Tosic
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA .,Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Ralf Kleene
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules of the Immunoglobulin Superfamily Regulate Synapse Formation, Maintenance, and Function. Trends Neurosci 2017; 40:295-308. [PMID: 28359630 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules are among the most abundant proteins in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems. Prominent family members are the neural cell adhesion molecules NCAM and L1, which were the first to be shown to be essential not only in development but also in synaptic function and as key regulators of synapse formation, synaptic activity, plasticity, and synaptic vesicle recycling at distinct developmental and activity stages. In addition to interacting with each other, adhesion molecules interact with ion channels and cytokine and neurotransmitter receptors. Mutations in their genes are linked to neurological disorders associated with abnormal development and synaptic functioning. This review presents an overview of recent studies on these molecules and their crucial impact on neurological disorders.
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20
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Gong L, Zhou X, Yang J, Jiang Y, Yang H. Effects of the regulation of polysialyltransferase ST8SiaII on the invasiveness and metastasis of small cell lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:131-138. [PMID: 28004110 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasiveness and metastasis may seriously affect the prognosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In the present study, we analyzed the effects and inherent mechanisms of action of polysialic acid-modified neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) on the invasive and metastatic potential of SCLC. Gene transfection and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference were used to enhance or inhibit, respectively, the expression of polysialyltransferase ST8SiaII in the SCLC cell line H446. We studied in vitro positive or negative changes in the invasive and metastatic potential of the SCLC cells as well as the changes in expression of genes related to signaling molecules and metastasis. When ST8SiaII expression was enhanced, the in vitro transmembrane invasion (P<0.01) and migration (P<0.01) abilities of the SCLC cells markedly increased. Phosphorylation levels of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the SCLC cells were also significantly increased. In contrast, when ST8SiaII expression was inhibited, the transmembrane invasion (P<0.01) and migration (P<0.01) of the SCLC cells as well as expression of the above signaling molecules were suppressed. Polysialic acid-modified NCAM on the surface of SCLC cells is closely related to the metastatic potential of these cells; regulation of ST8SiaII may thus affect the invasiveness and metastasis of SCLC, and these processes may be associated with phosphorylation of FGFR1, ERK1/2 or MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Jingxiang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Yongyuan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Heping Yang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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21
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Luke MPS, LeVatte TL, Rutishauser U, Tremblay F, Clarke DB. Polysialylated Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Protects Against Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2016; 57:5066-5075. [PMID: 27661859 PMCID: PMC6012193 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-19499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We previously demonstrated that neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays an important role in supporting the survival of injured retinal ganglion cells. In the current study, we used light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD) as a model to investigate whether NCAM plays a functional role in neuroprotection and whether NCAM influences p75NTR signaling in modulating retinal cell survival. Methods Retinas from wild-type (WT) and NCAM deficient (−/−) mice were tested by electroretinogram before and after LIRD, and changes in the protein expressions of NCAM, polysialic acid (PSA)-NCAM, p75NTR, and active caspase 3 were measured by immunoblot from 0 to 4 days after light induction. The effects of NCAM and PSA-NCAM on p75NTR were examined by intraocular injections of the p75NTR function-blocking antibody and/or the removal of PSA with endoneuraminidase-N prior to LIRD. Results In WT mice, low levels of active caspase 3 activation were detected on the first day, followed by increases up to 4 days after LIRD. Conversely, in NCAM−/− mice, higher cleaved caspase 3 levels along with rapid reductions in electroretinogram amplitudes were found earlier at day 1, followed by reduced levels by day 4. The removal of PSA prior to LIRD induced earlier onset of retinal cell death, an effect delayed by the coadministration of endoneuraminidase-N and the p75NTR function-blocking antibody antiserum. Conclusions These results indicate that NCAM protects WT retinas from LIRD; furthermore, the protective effect of NCAM is, at least in part, attributed to its effects on p75NTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Po-Shan Luke
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Terry L LeVatte
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Urs Rutishauser
- Cellular and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - François Tremblay
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 4Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - David B Clarke
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 4Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 5Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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22
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Shamblott MJ, O’Driscoll ML, Gomez DL, McGuire DL. Neurogenin 3 is regulated by neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 (TRKB) signaling in the adult human exocrine pancreas. Cell Commun Signal 2016; 14:23. [PMID: 27659207 PMCID: PMC5034529 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports of exocrine-to-endocrine reprogramming through expression or stabilization of the transcription factor neurogenin 3 (NGN3) have generated renewed interest in harnessing pancreatic plasticity for therapeutic applications. NGN3 is expressed by a population of endocrine progenitor cells that give rise exclusively to hormone-secreting cells within pancreatic islets and is necessary and sufficient for endocrine differentiation during development. In the adult human pancreas, NGN3 is expressed by dedifferentiating exocrine cells with a phenotype resembling endocrine progenitor cells and the capacity for endocrine differentiation in vitro. Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 (TRKB), which regulates neuronal cell survival, differentiation and plasticity, was identified as highly overexpressed in the NGN3 positive cell transcriptome compared to NGN3 negative exocrine cells. This study was designed to determine if NGN3 is regulated by TRKB signaling in the adult human exocrine pancreas. METHODS Transcriptome analysis, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and immunochemistry were used to identify TRKB isoform expression in primary cultures of human islet-depleted exocrine tissue and human cadaveric pancreas biopsies. The effects of pharmacological modulation of TRKB signaling on the expression of NGN3 were assessed by Student's t-test and ANOVA. RESULTS Approximately 30 % of cultured exocrine cells and 95 % of NGN3+ cells express TRKB on their cell surface. Transcriptome-based exon splicing analyses, isoform-specific quantitative RTPCR and immunochemical staining demonstrate that TRKB-T1, which lacks a tyrosine kinase domain, is the predominant isoform expressed in cultured exocrine tissue and is expressed in histologically normal cadaveric pancreas biopsies. Pharmacological inhibition of TRKB significantly decreased the percentage of NGN3+ cells, while a TRKB agonist significantly increased this percentage. Inhibition of protein kinase B (AKT) blocked the effect of the TRKB agonist, while inhibition of tyrosine kinase had no effect. Modulation of TRKB and AKT signaling did not significantly affect the level of NGN3 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS In the adult human exocrine pancreas, TRKB-T1 positively regulates NGN3 independent of effects on NGN3 transcription. Targeting mechanisms controlling the NGN3+ cell population size and endocrine cell fate commitment represent a potential new approach to understand pancreas pathobiology and means whereby cell populations could be expanded for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Shamblott
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Research Institute, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 601 4th St. South, CRI 3005, St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
- Morphogenesis, Inc, 4613 N. Clark Ave, Tampa, FL 33614 USA
| | - Marci L. O’Driscoll
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Research Institute, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 601 4th St. South, CRI 3005, St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
| | - Danielle L. Gomez
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Research Institute, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 601 4th St. South, CRI 3005, St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
| | - Dustin L. McGuire
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Research Institute, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 601 4th St. South, CRI 3005, St. Petersburg, FL 33701 USA
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23
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Lu Y, Li CJ, Chen C, Luo P, Zhou M, Li C, Xu XL, Lu Q, He Z, Guo LJ. Activation of GABAB2 subunits alleviates chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced anxiety-like behaviours: A role for BDNF signalling and Kir3 channels. Neuropharmacology 2016; 110:308-321. [PMID: 27515806 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety is an affective disorder that is commonly observed after irreversible brain damage induced by cerebral ischemia and can delay the physical and cognitive recovery, which affects the quality of life of both the patient and family members. However, anxiety after ischemia has received less attention, and mechanisms underlying anxiety-like behaviours induced by chronic cerebral ischemia are under-investigated. In the present study, the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model was established by the permanent occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries (two-vessel occlusion, 2VO) in rats, and anxiety-related behaviours were evaluated. Results indicated that 2VO induced obvious anxiety-like behaviours; the surface expressions of GABAB2 subunits were down-regulated; Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) were reduced; Meanwhile, the surface expressions of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK, Kir3) channels were up-regulated in hippocampal CA1 in 2VO rats. Baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, significantly ameliorated the anxiety-like behaviours. It also improved the down-regulation of GABAB2 surface expressions, restored the levels of BDNF, TrkB and NCAM, and reversed the increased surface expressions of Kir3 in hippocampal CA1 in 2VO rats. However, the effects of baclofen were absent in shRNA-GABAB2 infected 2VO rats. These results suggested that activation of GABAB2 subunits could improve BDNF signalling and reverse Kir3 channel surface expressions in hippocampal CA1, which may alleviate the anxiety-like behaviours in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chang-Jun Li
- Neurology Department, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xu-Lin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhi He
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Medical School of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Lian-Jun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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24
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Cell Adhesion Molecules and Ubiquitination-Functions and Significance. BIOLOGY 2015; 5:biology5010001. [PMID: 26703751 PMCID: PMC4810158 DOI: 10.3390/biology5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily represent the biggest group of cell adhesion molecules. They have been analyzed since approximately 40 years ago and most of them have been shown to play a role in tumor progression and in the nervous system. All members of the Ig superfamily are intensively posttranslationally modified. However, many aspects of their cellular functions are not yet known. Since a few years ago it is known that some of the Ig superfamily members are modified by ubiquitin. Ubiquitination has classically been described as a proteasomal degradation signal but during the last years it became obvious that it can regulate many other processes including internalization of cell surface molecules and lysosomal sorting. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the ubiquitination of cell adhesion molecules of the Ig superfamily and to discuss its potential physiological roles in tumorigenesis and in the nervous system.
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25
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Wobst H, Schmitz B, Schachner M, Diestel S, Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V. Kinesin-1 promotes post-Golgi trafficking of NCAM140 and NCAM180 to the cell surface. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2816-29. [PMID: 26101351 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.169391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM, also known as NCAM1) is important during neural development, because it contributes to neurite outgrowth in response to its ligands at the cell surface. In the adult brain, NCAM is involved in regulating synaptic plasticity. The molecular mechanisms underlying delivery of NCAM to the neuronal cell surface remain poorly understood. We used a protein macroarray and identified the kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1), a component of the kinesin-1 motor protein, as a binding partner of the intracellular domains of the two transmembrane isoforms of NCAM, NCAM140 and NCAM180. KLC1 binds to amino acids CGKAGPGA within the intracellular domain of NCAM and colocalizes with kinesin-1 in the Golgi compartment. Delivery of NCAM180 to the cell surface is increased in CHO cells and neurons co-transfected with kinesin-1. We further demonstrate that the p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) competes with KLC1 for binding to the intracellular domain of NCAM and contributes to the regulation of the membrane insertion of NCAM. Our results indicate that NCAM is delivered to the cell surface through a kinesin-1-mediated transport mechanism in a PAK1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Wobst
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Brigitte Schmitz
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Simone Diestel
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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26
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Puzzo D, Bizzoca A, Loreto C, Guida CA, Gulisano W, Frasca G, Bellomo M, Castorina S, Gennarini G, Palmeri A. Role of F3/contactin expression profile in synaptic plasticity and memory in aged mice. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:1702-1715. [PMID: 25659859 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have recently shown that overexpression of the F3/contactin adhesive glycoprotein (also known as Contactin-1) promotes neurogenesis in adult hippocampus, which correlates with improved synaptic plasticity and memory. Because F3/contactin levels physiologically decrease with age, here, we aim at investigating whether its overexpression might counteract the cognitive decline in aged animals. For this we use 20- to 24-month-old TAG/F3 transgenic mice in which F3/contactin overexpression is driven by regulatory sequences from the gene encoding the transient axonal glycoprotein TAG-1 throughout development. We show that aged TAG/F3 mice display improved hippocampal long-term potentiation and memory compared with wild-type littermates. The same mice undergo a decrease of neuronal apoptosis at the hippocampal level, which correlated to a decrease of active caspase-3; by contrast, procaspase-3 and Bax as well as the anti-apoptotic and plasticity-related pathway BDNF/CREB/Bcl-2 were rather increased. Interestingly, amyloid-precursor protein processing was shifted toward sAPPα generation, with a decrease of sAPPβ and amyloid-beta levels. Our data confirm that F3/contactin plays a role in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory also in aged mice, suggesting that it acts on molecular pathways related to apoptosis and amyloid-beta production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Puzzo
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Bizzoca
- Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Carla Loreto
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara A Guida
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Walter Gulisano
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Frasca
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Bellomo
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University "Kore", Enna, Italy
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gennarini
- Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Agostino Palmeri
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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27
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Prodromidou K, Papastefanaki F, Sklaviadis T, Matsas R. Functional cross-talk between the cellular prion protein and the neural cell adhesion molecule is critical for neuronal differentiation of neural stem/precursor cells. Stem Cells 2015; 32:1674-87. [PMID: 24497115 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellular prion protein (PrP) is prominently expressed in brain, in differentiated neurons but also in neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs). The misfolding of PrP is a central event in prion diseases, yet the physiological function of PrP is insufficiently understood. Although PrP has been reported to associate with the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), the consequences of concerted PrP-NCAM action in NPC physiology are unknown. Here, we generated NPCs from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of postnatal day 5 wild-type and PrP null (-/-) mice and observed that PrP is essential for proper NPC proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Moreover, we found that PrP is required for the NPC response to NCAM-induced neuronal differentiation. In the absence of PrP, NCAM not only fails to promote neuronal differentiation but also induces an accumulation of doublecortin-positive neuronal progenitors at the proliferation stage. In agreement, we noted an increase in cycling neuronal progenitors in the SVZ of PrP-/- mice compared with PrP+/+ mice, as evidenced by double labeling for the proliferation marker Ki67 and doublecortin as well as by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation experiments. Additionally, fewer newly born neurons were detected in the rostral migratory stream of PrP-/- mice. Analysis of the migration of SVZ cells in microexplant cultures from wild-type and PrP-/- mice revealed no differences between genotypes or a role for NCAM in this process. Our data demonstrate that PrP plays a critical role in neuronal differentiation of NPCs and suggest that this function is, at least in part, NCAM-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanella Prodromidou
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
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28
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Sarchielli E, Marini M, Ambrosini S, Peri A, Mazzanti B, Pinzani P, Barletta E, Ballerini L, Paternostro F, Paganini M, Porfirio B, Morelli A, Gallina P, Vannelli GB. Multifaceted roles of BDNF and FGF2 in human striatal primordium development. An in vitro study. Exp Neurol 2014; 257:130-47. [PMID: 24792640 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Grafting fetal striatal cells into the brain of Huntington's disease (HD) patients has raised certain expectations in the past decade as an effective cell-based-therapy for this devastating condition. We argue that the first requirement for successful transplantation is defining the window of plasticity for the striatum during development when the progenitor cells, isolated from their environment, are able to maintain regional-specific-identity and to respond appropriately to cues. The primary cell culture from human fetal striatal primordium described here consists of a mixed population of neural stem cells, neuronal-restricted progenitors and striatal neurons. These cells express trophic factors, such as BDNF and FGF2. We show that these neurotrophins maintain cell plasticity, inducing the expression of neuronal precursor markers and cell adhesion molecules, as well as promoting neurogenesis, migration and survival. We propose that BDNF and FGF2 play an important autocrine-paracrine role during early striatum development in vivo and that their release by fetal striatal grafts may be relevant in the setting of HD cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Sarchielli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirca Marini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Ambrosini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Peri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzanti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Pinzani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela Barletta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lara Ballerini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Paternostro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Paganini
- Department of Neuroscience and NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Berardino Porfirio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Annamaria Morelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquale Gallina
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella B Vannelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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29
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Wessels JM, Wu L, Leyland NA, Wang H, Foster WG. The brain-uterus connection: brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor (Ntrk2) are conserved in the mammalian uterus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94036. [PMID: 24714156 PMCID: PMC3979719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophins are neuropeptides that are potent regulators of neurite growth and survival. Although mainly studied in the brain and nervous system, recent reports have shown that neurotrophins are expressed in multiple target tissues and cell types throughout the body. Additionally, dysregulation of neurotrophins has been linked to several disease conditions including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, psychiatric disorders, and cancer. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family that elicits its actions through the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase type 2 (Ntrk2). Together BDNF and Ntrk2 are capable of activating the adhesion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and proliferation pathways. These pathways are prominently involved in reproductive physiology, yet a cross-species examination of BDNF and Ntrk2 expression in the mammalian uterus is lacking. Herein we demonstrated the conserved nature of BDNF and Ntrk2 across several mammalian species by mRNA and protein sequence alignment, isolated BDNF and Ntrk2 transcripts in the uterus by Real-Time PCR, localized both proteins to the glandular and luminal epithelium, vascular smooth muscle, and myometrium of the uterus, determined that the major isoforms expressed in the human endometrium were pro-BDNF, and truncated Ntrk2, and finally demonstrated antibody specificity. Our findings suggest that BDNF and Ntrk2 are transcribed, translated, and conserved across mammalian species including human, mouse, rat, pig, horse, and the bat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn M Wessels
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas A Leyland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Warren G Foster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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30
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Kudryashova IV. Analysis of conditions that are important for the beginning of consolidation in a model of long-term synaptic potentiation. NEUROCHEM J+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712413030070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Neural cell adhesion molecule-mediated Fyn activation promotes GABAergic synapse maturation in postnatal mouse cortex. J Neurosci 2013; 33:5957-68. [PMID: 23554477 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1306-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
GABAergic basket interneurons form perisomatic synapses, which are essential for regulating neural networks, and their alterations are linked to various cognitive dysfunction. Maturation of basket synapses in postnatal cortex is activity dependent. In particular, activity-dependent downregulation of polysialiac acid carried by the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) regulates the timing of their maturation. Whether and how NCAM per se affects GABAergic synapse development is unknown. Using single-cell genetics to knock out NCAM in individual basket interneurons in mouse cortical slice cultures, at specific developmental time periods, we found that NCAM loss during perisomatic synapse formation impairs the process of basket cell axonal branching and bouton formation. However, loss of NCAM once the synapses are already formed did not show any effect. We further show that NCAM120 and NCAM140, but not the NCAM180 isoform, rescue the phenotype. Finally, we demonstrate that a dominant-negative form of Fyn kinase mimics, whereas a constitutively active form of Fyn kinase rescues, the effects of NCAM knockdown. Altogether, our data suggest that NCAM120/NCAM140-mediated Fyn activation promotes GABAergic synapse maturation in postnatal cortex.
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32
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NeuroD1 regulates survival and migration of neuroendocrine lung carcinomas via signaling molecules TrkB and NCAM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:6524-9. [PMID: 23553831 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1303932110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer and other aggressive neuroendocrine cancers are often associated with early dissemination and frequent metastases. We demonstrate that neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1) is a regulatory hub securing cross talk among survival and migratory-inducing signaling pathways in neuroendocrine lung carcinomas. We find that NeuroD1 promotes tumor cell survival and metastasis in aggressive neuroendocrine lung tumors through regulation of the receptor tyrosine kinase tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB). Like TrkB, the prometastatic signaling molecule neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is a downstream target of NeuroD1, whose impaired expression mirrors loss of NeuroD1. TrkB and NCAM may be therapeutic targets for aggressive neuroendocrine cancers that express NeuroD1.
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33
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FGF-2 Low Molecular Weight Selectively Promotes Neuritogenesis of Motor Neurons In Vitro. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 47:770-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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34
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Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) induces neuritogenesis in the cochlear spiral ganglion via neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Mol Cell Neurosci 2012; 54:30-43. [PMID: 23262364 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) increases survival and neurite extension of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), the primary neurons of the auditory system, via yet unknown signaling mechanisms. In other cell types, signaling is achieved by the GPI-linked GDNF family receptor α1 (GFRα1) via recruitment of transmembrane receptors: Ret (re-arranged during transformation) and/or NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule). Here we show that GDNF enhances neuritogenesis in organotypic cultures of spiral ganglia from 5-day-old rats and mice. Addition of GFRα1-Fc increases this effect. GDNF/GFRα1-Fc stimulation activates intracellular PI3K/Akt and MEK/Erk signaling cascades as detected by Western blot analysis of cultures prepared from rats at postnatal days 5 (P5, before the onset of hearing) and 20 (P20, after the onset of hearing). Both cascades mediate GDNF stimulation of neuritogenesis, since application of the Akt inhibitor Wortmannin or the Erk inhibitor U0126 abolished GDNF/GFRα1-Fc stimulated neuritogenesis in P5 rats. Since cultures of P5 NCAM-deficient mice failed to respond by neuritogenesis to GDNF/GFRα1-Fc, we conclude that NCAM serves as a receptor for GDNF signaling responsible for neuritogenesis in early postnatal spiral ganglion.
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35
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Wobst H, Förster S, Laurini C, Sekulla A, Dreiseidler M, Höhfeld J, Schmitz B, Diestel S. UCHL1 regulates ubiquitination and recycling of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM. FEBS J 2012; 279:4398-409. [PMID: 23061666 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is involved in neural development and in plasticity in the adult brain. NCAM140 and NCAM180 isoforms are transmembrane proteins with cytoplasmic domains that differ only in an alternatively spliced exon in the NCAM180 isoform. Both isoforms can interact with several extracellular and cytoplasmic molecules mediating NCAM-dependent functions. Most identified intracellular interaction partners bind to both isoforms, NCAM140 and NCAM180. To identify further intracellular interaction partners specifically binding to NCAM180 the cytosolic domain of human NCAM180 was recombinantly expressed and applied onto a protein macroarray containing the protein library from human fetal brain. We identified the ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCHL1) which has been described as a de-ubiquitinating enzyme as a potential interaction partner of NCAM180. Since NCAM180 and NCAM140 are ubiquitinated, NCAM140 was included in the subsequent experiments. A partial colocalization of both NCAM isoforms and UCHL1 was observed in primary neurons and the B35 neuroblastoma cell line. Overexpression of UCHL1 significantly decreased constitutive ubiquitination of NCAM180 and NCAM140 whereas inhibition of endogenous UCHL1 increased NCAM's ubiquitination. Furthermore, lysosomal localization of NCAM180 and NCAM140 was significantly reduced after overexpression of UCHL1 consistent with a partial colocalization of internalized NCAM with UCHL1. These data indicate that UCHL1 is a novel interaction partner of both NCAM isoforms that regulates their ubiquitination and intracellular trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Wobst
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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36
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Mouse brain PSA-NCAM levels are altered by graded-controlled cortical impact injury. Neural Plast 2012; 2012:378307. [PMID: 22848850 PMCID: PMC3403363 DOI: 10.1155/2012/378307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide endemic that results in unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Secondary injury processes following primary injury are composed of intricate interactions between assorted molecules that ultimately dictate the degree of longer-term neurological deficits. One comparatively unexplored molecule that may contribute to exacerbation of injury or enhancement of recovery is the posttranslationally modified polysialic acid form of neural cell adhesion molecule, PSA-NCAM. This molecule is a critical modulator of central nervous system plasticity and reorganization after injury. In this study, we used controlled cortical impact (CCI) to produce moderate or severe TBI in the mouse. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analysis were used to track the early (2, 24, and 48 hour) and late (1 and 3 week) time course and location of changes in the levels of PSA-NCAM after TBI. Variable and heterogeneous short- and long-term increases or decreases in expression were found. In general, alterations in PSA-NCAM levels were seen in the cerebral cortex immediately after injury, and these reductions persisted in brain regions distal to the primary injury site, especially after severe injury. This information provides a starting point to dissect the role of PSA-NCAM in TBI-related pathology and recovery.
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Nosrat IV, Margolskee RF, Nosrat CA. Targeted taste cell-specific overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult taste buds elevates phosphorylated TrkB protein levels in taste cells, increases taste bud size, and promotes gustatory innervation. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:16791-800. [PMID: 22442142 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.328476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most potent neurotrophic factor in the peripheral taste system during embryonic development. It is also expressed in adult taste buds. There is a lack of understanding of the role of BDNF in the adult taste system. To address this, we generated novel transgenic mice in which transgene expression was driven by an α-gustducin promoter coupling BDNF expression to the postnatal expression of gustducin in taste cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly stronger BDNF labeling in taste cells of high BDNF-expressing mouse lines compared with controls. We show that taste buds in these mice are significantly larger and have a larger number of taste cells compared with controls. To examine whether innervation was affected in Gust-BDNF mice, we used antibodies to neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and ATP receptor P2X3. The total density of general innervation and specifically the gustatory innervation was markedly increased in high BDNF-expressing mice compared with controls. TrkB and NCAM gene expression in laser capture microdissected taste epithelia were significantly up-regulated in these mice. Up-regulation of TrkB transcripts in taste buds and elevated taste cell-specific TrkB phosphorylation in response to increased BDNF levels indicate that BDNF controls the expression and activation of its high affinity receptor in taste cells. This demonstrates a direct taste cell function for BDNF. BDNF also orchestrates and maintains taste bud innervation. We propose that the Gust-BDNF transgenic mouse models can be employed to further dissect the specific roles of BDNF in the adult taste system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Nosrat
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
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Fujita-Hamabe W, Tokuyama S. The Involvement of Cleavage of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule in Neuronal Death under Oxidative Stress Conditions in Cultured Cortical Neurons. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:624-8. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Fujita-Hamabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Shogo Tokuyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
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39
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Kudryashova IV. Structural and functional modifications of presynaptic afferents: Do they correlate with learning mechanisms? NEUROCHEM J+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s181971241104009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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40
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Eggers K, Werneburg S, Schertzinger A, Abeln M, Schiff M, Scharenberg MA, Burkhardt H, Mühlenhoff M, Hildebrandt H. Polysialic acid controls NCAM signals at cell–cell contacts to regulate focal adhesion independent from FGF receptor activity. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:3279-91. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.084863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The polysialic acid (polySia) modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM is a key regulator of cell migration. Yet its role in NCAM-dependent or NCAM-independent modulation of motility and cell–matrix adhesion is largely unresolved. Here, we demonstrate that loss of polySia attenuates tumour cell migration and augments the number of focal adhesions in a cell–cell contact- and NCAM-dependent manner. In the presence or absence of polySia, NCAM never colocalised with focal adhesions but was enriched at cell–cell contacts. Focal adhesion of polySia- and NCAM-negative cells was enhanced by incubation with soluble NCAM or by removing polySia from heterotypic contacts with polySia–NCAM-positive cells. Focal adhesion was compromised by the src-family kinase inhibitor PP2, whereas loss of polySia or exposure to NCAM promoted the association of p59Fyn with the focal adhesion scaffolding protein paxillin. Unlike other NCAM responses, NCAM-induced focal adhesion was not prevented by inhibiting FGF receptor activity and could be evoked by NCAM fragments comprising immunoglobulin domains three and four but not by the NCAM fibronectin domains alone or by an NCAM-derived peptide known to interact with and activate FGF receptors. Together, these data indicate that polySia regulates cell motility through NCAM-induced but FGF-receptor-independent signalling to focal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka Eggers
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Werneburg
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Schertzinger
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Abeln
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Miriam Schiff
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Hannelore Burkhardt
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martina Mühlenhoff
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Herbert Hildebrandt
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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41
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Langhauser M, Ustinova J, Rivera-Milla E, Ivannikov D, Seidl C, Slomka C, Finne J, Yoshihara Y, Bastmeyer M, Bentrop J. Ncam1a and Ncam1b: Two carriers of polysialic acid with different functions in the developing zebrafish nervous system. Glycobiology 2011; 22:196-209. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tereshchenko Y, Morellini F, Dityatev A, Schachner M, Irintchev A. Neural cell adhesion molecule ablation in mice causes hippocampal dysplasia and loss of septal cholinergic neurons. J Comp Neurol 2011; 519:2475-92. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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43
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Brennaman LH, Kochlamazashvili G, Stoenica L, Nonneman RJ, Moy SS, Schachner M, Dityatev A, Maness PF. Transgenic mice overexpressing the extracellular domain of NCAM are impaired in working memory and cortical plasticity. Neurobiol Dis 2011; 43:372-8. [PMID: 21515372 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule, NCAM, is a pivotal regulator of neural development, with key roles in axonal and dendritic growth and synaptic plasticity. Alterations in NCAM expression or proteolytic cleavage have been linked to human neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and Alzheimer's disease, and may contribute to cognitive dysfunction. We have generated mice overexpressing the NCAM extracellular (EC) proteolytic cleavage fragment which has been reported to be increased in schizophrenic versus normal brains. These mice show impaired GABAergic innervation and reduced number of apical dendritic spines on pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Here, these NCAM-EC transgenic mice were subjected to behavioral tasks and electrophysiological measurements to determine the impact of structural abnormalities in the PFC on synaptic and cognitive functions. NCAM-EC mice exhibited impaired working memory in a delayed non-match-to-sample task, which requires PFC function, but showed no differences in anxiety, olfactory abilities, or sociability. Transgenic mice displayed impaired long- and short-term potentiation in the PFC but normal synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, suggesting that the abnormal synaptic innervation in NCAM-EC mice impairs PFC plasticity and alters working memory. These findings may have implications for cognitive dysfunctions observed in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leann H Brennaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UNC Schizophrenia Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Kleene R, Cassens C, Bähring R, Theis T, Xiao MF, Dityatev A, Schafer-Nielsen C, Döring F, Wischmeyer E, Schachner M. Functional consequences of the interactions among the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM, the receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB, and the inwardly rectifying K+ channel KIR3.3. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:28968-79. [PMID: 20610389 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.114876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules and neurotrophin receptors are crucial for the development and the function of the nervous system. Among downstream effectors of neurotrophin receptors and recognition molecules are ion channels. Here, we provide evidence that G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K(+) channel Kir3.3 directly binds to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and neurotrophin receptor TrkB. We identified the binding sites for NCAM and TrkB at the C-terminal intracellular domain of Kir3.3. The interaction between NCAM, TrkB, and Kir3.3 was supported by immunocytochemical co-localization of Kir3.3, NCAM, and/or TrkB at the surface of hippocampal neurons. Co-expression of TrkB and Kir3.1/3.3 in Xenopus oocytes increased the K(+) currents evoked by Kir3.1/3.3 channels. This current enhancement was reduced by the concomitant co-expression with NCAM. Both surface fluorescence measurements of microinjected oocytes and cell surface biotinylation of transfected CHO cells indicated that the cell membrane localization of Kir3.3 is regulated by TrkB and NCAM. Furthermore, the level of Kir3.3, but not of Kir3.2, at the plasma membranes was reduced in TrkB-deficient mice, supporting the notion that TrkB regulates the cell surface expression of Kir3.3. The premature expression of developmentally late appearing Kir3.1/3.3 in hippocampal neurons led to a reduction of NCAM-induced neurite outgrowth. Our observations indicate a decisive role for the neuronal K(+) channel in regulating NCAM-dependent neurite outgrowth and attribute a physiologically meaningful role to the functional interplay of Kir3.3, NCAM, and TrkB in ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Kleene
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 85, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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