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Jiang C, Zhang C, Dai M, Wang F, Xu S, Han D, Wang Y, Cao Y, Liang Y, Zhang Z, Yan L, Shen Y, He K, Shen Y, Liu J. Interplay between SUMO1-related SUMOylation and phosphorylation of p65 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119595. [PMID: 37730133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) subunit p65, plays an important role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Phosphorylation of p65 is considered as an important mechanism for the positive regulation of NF-κB activity. According to our previous data, p65 can be SUMOylated by small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1) protein, and SUMO1 promotes p65 nuclear import and HCC progression. However, the effect of SUMO1-related p65 SUMOylation on NF-κB transcriptional activity and the relationship between phosphorylation and SUMOylation of p65 remain obscure. Here, we found that phosphorylated p65 level was increased in cancer tissues of HCC patients, and similar phenomenon was found for SUMO1 expression but not for SUMO2/3. Further clinical data showed a positive correlation between SUMO1 and phosphorylated p65. We also verified that overexpression of SUMO1 upregulated phosphorylated p65 levels. Next, we verified SUMO1-related p65 SUMOylation with in vitro SUMOylation assay, constructed mutants of p65 SUMOylation and phosphorylation, and found that SUMO1-related p65 SUMOylation promoted p65 nuclear import and increased NF-κB activity. Both SUMO1-related p65 SUMOylation and p65 phosphorylation (especially at S276 site) increased the viability and invasion of hepatoma cells, and decreased the apoptosis of hepatoma cells. At last, we found that the phosphorylation of p65 promoted the level of SUMO1-related p65 SUMOylation, and SUMO1-related p65 SUMOylation upregulated phosphorylated p65 (at S276 site). Our study contributes to the exploration of the oncogenic mechanism of p65, which is the important protein in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Dai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sa Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Clinical college, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yajie Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lina Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yujun Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kewu He
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxian Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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2
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Xue Y, Li C, Deng S, Chen X, Han J, Zheng X, Tian M, Hao W, Pan L, Boldogh I, Ba X, Wang R. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 selectively modulates ROS-responsive NF-κB targets through recruitment of MSK1 and phosphorylation of RelA/p65 at Ser276. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105308. [PMID: 37778730 PMCID: PMC10641171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity is regulated by various posttranslational modifications, of which Ser276 phosphorylation of RelA/p65 is particularly impacted by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This modification is responsible for selective upregulation of a subset of NF-κB targets; however, the precise mechanism remains elusive. ROS have the ability to modify cellular molecules including DNA. One of the most common oxidation products is 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua), which is repaired by the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (OGG1)-initiated base excision repair pathway. Recently, a new function of OGG1 has been uncovered. OGG1 binds to 8-oxoGua, facilitating the occupancy of NF-κB at promoters and enhancing transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In the present study, we demonstrated that an interaction between DNA-bound OGG1 and mitogen-and stress-activated kinase 1 is crucial for RelA/p65 Ser276 phosphorylation. ROS scavenging or OGG1 depletion/inhibition hindered the interaction between mitogen-and stress-activated kinase 1 and RelA/p65, thereby decreasing the level of phospho-Ser276 and leading to significantly lowered expression of ROS-responsive cytokine/chemokine genes, but not that of Nfkbis. Blockade of OGG1 binding to DNA also prevented promoter recruitment of RelA/p65, Pol II, and p-RNAP II in a gene-specific manner. Collectively, the data presented offer new insights into how ROS signaling dictates NF-κB phosphorylation codes and how the promoter-situated substrate-bound OGG1 is exploited by aerobic mammalian cells for timely transcriptional activation of ROS-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunshuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shihua Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinling Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenjing Hao
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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3
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Chini A, Guha P, Malladi VS, Guo Z, Mandal SS. Novel long non-coding RNAs associated with inflammation and macrophage activation in human. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4036. [PMID: 36899011 PMCID: PMC10006430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a central role in immune response and macrophage activation. Emerging studies demonstrate that along with proteins and genomic factors, noncoding RNA are potentially involved in regulation of immune response and inflammation. Our recent study demonstrated that lncRNA HOTAIR plays key roles in cytokine expression and inflammation in macrophages. The primary goal of this study is to discover novel lncRNAs that are crucial players in inflammation, macrophage activation, and immune response in humans. Towards this, we have stimulated THP1-derived macrophages (THP1-MΦ) with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and performed the whole transcriptome RNA-seq analysis. Based on this analysis, we discovered that along with well-known marker for inflammation (such as cytokines), a series of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression were highly induced upon LPS-stimulation of macrophages, suggesting their potential roles in inflammation and macrophage activation. We termed these family of lncRNAs as Long-noncoding Inflammation Associated RNA (LinfRNA). Dose and time dependent analysis demonstrated that many human LinfRNA (hLinfRNAs) expressions follow similar patterns as cytokine expressions. Inhibition of NF-κB suppressed the expression of most hLinfRNAs suggesting their potential regulation via NF-κB activation during inflammation and macrophage activation. Antisense-mediated knockdown of hLinfRNA1 suppressed the LPS-induced expression of cytokines and pro-inflammatory genes such as IL6, IL1β, and TNFα expression, suggesting potential functionality of the hLinfRNAs in cytokine regulation and inflammation. Overall, we discovered a series of novel hLinfRNAs that are potential regulators of inflammation and macrophage activation and may be linked to inflammatory and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisankar Chini
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Prarthana Guha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Venkat S Malladi
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zibiao Guo
- North Texas Genome Center, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Subhrangsu S Mandal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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4
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Liu XJ, Yu XJ, Su YK, Qiao JA, Sun YJ, Bai XJ, Zhang N, Yang HY, Yin LX, Kang YM, Yang ZM. Minocycline and Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Attenuate Hypertension via Suppressing Activation of Microglia in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2023; 259:163-172. [PMID: 36450479 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and imbalance of neurotransmitters are involved in the pathophysiology of angiotensin II-induced hypertension. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a vital role in hypertension. Evidences show that microglia are activated and release proinflammatory cytokines in angiocardiopathy. We hypothesized that angiotensin II induces PVN microglial activation, and the activated PVN microglia release proinflammatory cytokines and cause oxidative stress through nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which contributes to sympathetic overactivity and hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (weight 275-300 g) were infused with angiotensin II to induce hypertension. Then, rats were treated with bilateral PVN infusion of microglial activation inhibitor minocycline, NF-κB activation inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or vehicle for 4 weeks. When compared to control groups, angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats had higher mean arterial pressure, PVN proinflammatory cytokines, and imbalance of neurotransmitters, accompanied with PVN activated microglia. These rats also had more PVN gp91phox (source of reactive oxygen species production), and NF-κB p65. Bilateral PVN infusion of minocycline or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate partly or completely ameliorated these changes. This study indicates that angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats have more activated microglia in PVN, and activated PVN microglia release proinflammatory cytokines and result in oxidative stress, which contributes to sympathoexcitation and hypertensive response. Suppression of activated PVN microglia by minocycline or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress, and improves angiotensin II-induced hypertension, which indicates that activated microglia promote hypertension through activated NF-κB. The findings may offer hypertension new strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Xiao-Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China
| | - Yu-Kun Su
- Hemodialysis Center, Shanxi Second People's Hospital
| | - Jin-An Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China.,Institute of Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital
| | - Yao-Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Xiao-Jie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Hypertension, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - Hui-Yu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - Li-Xi Yin
- Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China
| | - Zhi-Ming Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
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5
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Hu Y, Zhang B, Lu P, Wang J, Chen C, Yin Y, Wan Q, Wang J, Jiao J, Fang X, Pu Z, Gong L, Ji L, Zhu L, Zhang R, Zhang J, Yang X, Wang Q, Huang Z, Zou J. The positive regulatory loop of TCF4N/p65 promotes glioblastoma tumourigenesis and chemosensitivity. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1042. [PMID: 36116131 PMCID: PMC9482802 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background NF‐κB signaling is widely linked to the pathogenesis and treatment resistance in cancers. Increasing attention has been paid to its anti‐oncogenic roles, due to its key functions in cellular senescence and the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Therefore, thoroughly understanding the function and regulation of NF‐κB in cancers is necessary prior to the application of NF‐κB inhibitors. Methods We established glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines expressing ectopic TCF4N, an isoform of the β‐catenin interacting transcription factor TCF7L2, and evaluated its functions in GBM tumorigenesis and chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. In p65 knock‐out or phosphorylation mimic (S536D) cell lines, the dual role and correlation of TCF4N and NF‐κB signaling in promoting tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity was investigated by in vitro and in vivo functional experiments. RNA‐seq and computational analysis, immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assay, minigene splicing assay and luciferase reporter assay were performed to identify the underlying mechanism of positive feedback regulation loop between TCF4N and the p65 subunit of NF‐κB. A eukaryotic cell‐penetrating peptide targeting TCF4N, 4N, was used to confirm the therapeutic significance. Results Our results indicated that p65 subunit phosphorylation at Ser 536 (S536) and nuclear accumulation was a promising prognostic marker for GBM, and endowed the dual functions of NF‐κB in promoting tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity. p65 S536 phosphorylation and nuclear stability in GBM was regulated by TCF4N. TCF4N bound p65, induced p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, inhibited its ubiquitination/degradation, and subsequently promoted NF‐κB activity. p65 S536 phosphorylation was essential for TCF4N‐led senescence‐independent SASP, GBM tumorigenesis, tumor stem‐like cell differentiation and chemosensitivity. Activation of p65 was closely connected to alterative splicing of TCF4N, a likely positive feedback regulation loop between TCF4N and p65 in GBM. 4N increased chemosensitivity, highlighting a novel anti‐cancer strategy. Conclusion Our study defined key roles of TCF4N as a novel regulator of NF‐κB through mutual regulation with p65 and provided a new avenue for GBM inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peihua Lu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Taixing People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiantong Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhening Pu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingli Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingpeng Zhu
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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6
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ADAR3 activates NF-κB signaling and promotes glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13362. [PMID: 35922651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA binding protein ADAR3 is expressed exclusively in the brain and reported to have elevated expression in tumors of patients suffering from glioblastoma compared to adjacent brain tissue. Yet, other studies have indicated that glioblastoma tumors exhibit hemizygous deletions of the genomic region encompassing ADAR3 (10p15.3). As the molecular and cellular consequences of altered ADAR3 expression are largely unknown, here we directly examined the impacts of elevated ADAR3 in a glioblastoma cell line model. Transcriptome-wide sequencing revealed 641 differentially expressed genes between control and ADAR3-expressing U87-MG glioblastoma cells. A vast majority of these genes belong to pathways involved in glioblastoma progression and are regulated by NF-κB signaling. Biochemical and molecular analysis indicated that ADAR3-expressing U87-MG cells exhibit increased NF-κB activation, and treatment with an NF-κB inhibitor abrogated the impacts of ADAR3 on gene expression. Similarly, we found that increased cell survival of ADAR3-expressing cells to temozolomide, the preferred chemotherapeutic for glioblastoma, was due to increased NF-κB activity. Aberrant constitutive NF-κB activation is a common event in glioblastoma and can impact both tumor progression and resistance to treatment. Our results suggest that elevated ADAR3 promotes NF-κB activation and a gene expression program that provides a growth advantage to glioblastoma cells.
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7
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de Jesus MSM, Macabeo APG, Ramos JDA, de Leon VNO, Asamitsu K, Okamoto T. Voacanga globosa Spirobisindole Alkaloids Exert Antiviral Activity in HIV Latently Infected Cell Lines by Targeting the NF-kB Cascade: In Vitro and In Silico Investigations. Molecules 2022; 27:1078. [PMID: 35164343 PMCID: PMC8840767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the efficiency in the transcription of the HIV genome contributes to the success of viral replication and infectivity, we investigated the downregulating effects of the spirobisindole alkaloids globospiramine (1), deoxyvobtusine (2), and vobtusine lactone (3) from the endemic Philippine medicinal plant, Voacanga globosa, during HIV gene transcription. Alkaloids 1-3 were explored for their inhibitory activity on TNF-α-induced viral replication in two latently HIV-infected cell lines, OM10.1 and J-Lat. The induction of HIV replication from OM10.1 and J-Lat cells elicited by TNF-α was blocked by globospiramine (1) within noncytotoxic concentrations. Furthermore, globospiramine (1) was found to target the NF-ĸB activation cascade in a dose-dependent manner when the transcriptional step at which inhibitory activity is exerted was examined in TNF-α-induced 293 human cells using transient reporter (luciferase) gene expression systems (HIV LTR-luc, ĸB-luc, and mutant ĸB-luc). Interrogation through molecular docking against the NF-ĸB p50/p65 heterodimer and target sites of the subunits comprising the IKK complex revealed high binding affinities of globospiramine (1) against the S281 pocket of the p65 subunit (BE = -9.2 kcal/mol) and the IKKα activation loop (BE = -9.1 kcal/mol). These findings suggest globospiramine (1) as a molecular inspiration to discover new alkaloid-based anti-HIV derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Sheila M. de Jesus
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - Allan Patrick G. Macabeo
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - John Donnie A. Ramos
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Laboratory, Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
| | - Von Novi O. de Leon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - Kaori Asamitsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 4678601, Japan; (K.A.); (T.O.)
| | - Takashi Okamoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 4678601, Japan; (K.A.); (T.O.)
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8
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Ren C, Han X, Lu C, Yang T, Qiao P, Sun Y, Yu Z. Ubiquitination of NF-κB p65 by FBXW2 suppresses breast cancer stemness, tumorigenesis, and paclitaxel resistance. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:381-392. [PMID: 34465889 PMCID: PMC8816940 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The F-box and WD-repeat-containing protein 2 (FBXW2) plays a crucial role as an E3 ligase in regulating tumorigenesis. However, the functions of FBXW2 in breast cancer are still unknown. Here, we find that nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) p65 is a new substrate of FBXW2. FBXW2 directly binds to p65, leading to its ubiquitination and degradation. Interestingly, p300 acetylation of p65 blocks FBXW2 induced p65 ubiquitination. FBXW2-p65 axis is a crucial regulator of SOX2-induced stemness in breast cancer. Moreover, FBXW2 inhibits breast tumor growth by regulating p65 degradation in vitro and in vivo. FBXW2 overexpression abrogates the effects of p65 on paclitaxel resistance in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, FBXW2 induced p65 degradation is also confirmed in FBXW2-knockout mice. Our results identify FBXW2 as an important E3 ligase for p65 degradation, which provide insights into the tumor suppressor functions of FBXW2 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chune Ren
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Xue Han
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Chao Lu
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Tingting Yang
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Pengyun Qiao
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Yonghong Sun
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Zhenhai Yu
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
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9
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Nowak K, Jabłońska E, Ratajczak-Wrona W. NF-κB-An Important Player in Xenoestrogen Signaling in Immune Cells. Cells 2021; 10:1799. [PMID: 34359968 PMCID: PMC8304139 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The proper functioning of the immune system is critical for an effective defense against pathogenic factors such as bacteria and viruses. All the cellular processes taking place in an organism are strictly regulated by an intracellular network of signaling pathways. In the case of immune cells, the NF-κB pathway is considered the key signaling pathway as it regulates the expression of more than 200 genes. The transcription factor NF-κB is sensitive to exogenous factors, such as xenoestrogens (XEs), which are compounds mimicking the action of endogenous estrogens and are widely distributed in the environment. Moreover, XE-induced modulation of signaling pathways may be crucial for the proper development of the immune system. In this review, we summarize the effects of XEs on the NF-κB signaling pathway. Based on our analysis, we constructed a model of XE-induced signaling in immune cells and found that in most cases XEs activate NF-κB. Our analysis indicated that the indirect impact of XEs on NF-κB in immune cells is related to the modulation of estrogen signaling and other pathways such as MAPK and JAK/STAT. We also summarize the role of these aspects of signaling in the development and further functioning of the immune system in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (E.J.); (W.R.-W.)
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10
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Lv L, Yi Q, Yan Y, Chao F, Li M. SPNS2 Downregulation Induces EMT and Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis via Activating AKT Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682773. [PMID: 34249729 PMCID: PMC8264774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinster homologue 2 (SPNS2), a transporter of S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate), has been reported to mediate immune response, vascular development, and pathologic processes of diseases such as cancer via S1P signaling pathways. However, its biological functions and expression profile in colorectal cancer (CRC) is elusive. In this study, we disclosed that SPNS2 expression, which was regulated by copy number variation and DNA methylation of its promoter, was dramatically upregulated in colon adenoma and CRC compared to normal tissues. However, its expression was lower in CRC than in colon adenoma, and low expression of SPN2 correlated with advanced T/M/N stage and poor prognosis in CRC. Ectopic expression of SPNS2 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis in CRC cell lines, while silencing SPNS2 had the opposite effects. Meanwhile, measuring the intracellular and extracellular level of S1P after overexpression of SPNS2 pinpointed a S1P-independent model of SPNS2. Mechanically, SPNS2 led to PTEN upregulation and inactivation of Akt. Moreover, AKT inhibitor (MK2206) abrogated SPNS2 knockdown-induced promoting effects on the migration and invasion, while AKT activator (SC79) reversed the repression of migration and invasion by SPNS2 overexpression in CRC cells, confirming the pivotal role of AKT for SPNS2’s function. Collectively, our study demonstrated the suppressor role of SPNS2 during CRC metastasis, providing new insights into the pathology and molecular mechanisms of CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lv
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qiyi Yi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fengmei Chao
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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11
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Ngo KA, Kishimoto K, Davis-Turak J, Pimplaskar A, Cheng Z, Spreafico R, Chen EY, Tam A, Ghosh G, Mitchell S, Hoffmann A. Dissecting the Regulatory Strategies of NF-κB RelA Target Genes in the Inflammatory Response Reveals Differential Transactivation Logics. Cell Rep 2021; 30:2758-2775.e6. [PMID: 32101750 PMCID: PMC7061728 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) RelA is the potent transcriptional activator of inflammatory response genes. We stringently defined a list of direct RelA target genes by integrating physical (chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing [ChIP-seq]) and functional (RNA sequencing [RNA-seq] in knockouts) datasets. We then dissected each gene’s regulatory strategy by testing RelA variants in a primary-cell genetic-complementation assay. All endogenous target genes require RelA to make DNA-base-specific contacts, and none are activatable by the DNA binding domain alone. However, endogenous target genes differ widely in how they employ the two transactivation domains. Through model-aided analysis of the dynamic time-course data, we reveal the gene-specific synergy and redundancy of TA1 and TA2. Given that post-translational modifications control TA1 activity and intrinsic affinity for coactivators determines TA2 activity, the differential TA logics suggests context-dependent versus context-independent control of endogenous RelA-target genes. Although some inflammatory initiators appear to require co-stimulatory TA1 activation, inflammatory resolvers are a part of the NF-κB RelA core response. Ngo et al. developed a genetic complementation system for NF-κB RelA that reveals that NF-κB target-gene selection requires high-affinity RelA binding and transcriptional activation domains for gene induction. The synergistic and redundant functions of two transactivation domains define pro-inflammatory and inflammation-response genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Ngo
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kensei Kishimoto
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jeremy Davis-Turak
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aditya Pimplaskar
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Roberto Spreafico
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Emily Y Chen
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amy Tam
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gourisankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Simon Mitchell
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG), Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QCB), Molecular Biology Institute (MBI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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12
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Sommerhalder C, Cummins CB, Wang X, Ramdas D, Lopez ON, Gu Y, Zhou J, Radhakrishnan RS. HJC0416 Attenuates Fibrogenesis in Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells via STAT3 and NF-κB Pathways. J Surg Res 2021; 261:334-342. [PMID: 33486415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis is wound-healing response that is the result of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and subsequent excess extracellular matrix deposition. HSCs can be activated by a variety of inflammatory stimuli as well as through the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. HJC0416 is a novel, orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of STAT3 that was developed by our team using a fragment-based drug design approach. Previously, our team has shown that HJC0416 has antifibrogenic effects in activated HSCs. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) plays an important role in the activation of HSCs. In the present study, we examined the role of NF-κB inhibition of HSC activation by HJC0416. METHODS LX-2 (human) and HSC-T6 (rat) cell lines were used. Expression levels of extracellular proteins, NF-κB and STAT3 expression and DNA binding, and inflammatory cytokine levels were determined using western blot, ELISA, and immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS HJC0416 decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines and arrested the cell cycle at the S phase. Increased apoptosis was seen in LX-2 cells through Yo-Pro-1 and propidium iodide immunofluorescent stating. HJC0416 significantly decreased expression of fibronectin and collagen I as well as markedly decreased α-SMA and laminin. HJC0416 inhibited the STAT3 pathway by decreasing phosphorylation of STAT3, as well as signal transduction pathway activation. Notably, HJC0416 also inhibited the classic and alternative pathways of NF-κB activation. HJC0416 inhibited LPS-induced p65 nuclear translocation and DNA binding, as well as prevented phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory protein IκBα. HJC0416 also prevented phosphorylation of serine residue 536 on p65. CONCLUSIONS HJC0416, an inhibitor of STAT3, was found to have antifibrogenic properties in activated hepatic stellate cell lines. In addition, HJC0416 was found to inhibit the NF-κB pathway. Owing to this double effect, HJC0416 demonstrates promise for in vivo experimentation as an antifibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire B Cummins
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Xiaofu Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Divya Ramdas
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Omar Nunez Lopez
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Yanping Gu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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LncRNA HOTAIR regulates glucose transporter Glut1 expression and glucose uptake in macrophages during inflammation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:232. [PMID: 33420270 PMCID: PMC7794310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays central roles in the immune response. Inflammatory response normally requires higher energy and therefore is associated with glucose metabolism. Our recent study demonstrates that lncRNA HOTAIR plays key roles in NF-kB activation, cytokine expression, and inflammation. Here, we investigated if HOTAIR plays any role in the regulation of glucose metabolism in immune cells during inflammation. Our results demonstrate that LPS-induced inflammation induces the expression of glucose transporter isoform 1 (Glut1) which controls the glucose uptake in macrophages. LPS-induced Glut1 expression is regulated via NF-kB activation. Importantly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of HOTAIR suppressed the LPS-induced expression of Glut1 suggesting key roles of HOTAIR in LPS-induced Glut1 expression in macrophage. HOTAIR induces NF-kB activation, which in turn increases Glut1 expression in response to LPS. We also found that HOTAIR regulates glucose uptake in macrophages during LPS-induced inflammation and its knockdown decreases LPS-induced increased glucose uptake. HOTAIR also regulates other upstream regulators of glucose metabolism such as PTEN and HIF1α, suggesting its multimodal functions in glucose metabolism. Overall, our study demonstrated that lncRNA HOTAIR plays key roles in LPS-induced Glut1 expression and glucose uptake by activating NF-kB and hence HOTAIR regulates metabolic programming in immune cells potentially to meet the energy needs during the immune response.
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14
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Continuous NF-κB pathway inhibition promotes expansion of human phenotypical hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells through metabolism regulation. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112468. [PMID: 33428903 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) ex vivo expansion is critical in facilitating their widespread clinical application. NF-κB pathway is implicated in the energy homeostasis and metabolic adaptation. To explore the effect of NF-κB pathway on the ex vivo HSPC expansion and metabolism, the 50 nM-1 μM inhibitor of NF-κB pathway TPCA-1 was used to expand cord blood derived CD34+ cells in serum-free culture. The expansion folds, function, mitochondrial profile and metabolism of HSPCs were determined. After 10 days of culture with 100 nM TPCA-1, the expansion of total cells, CD34+CD38- cells, and CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+CD49f+ cells were significantly increased compared to the cytokine priming alone. Notably, TPCA-1 treatment generated ~ 2-fold greater percentage of CD34+EPCR+ and CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+CD49f+ cells compared to cytokine only conditions. Moreover, TPCA-1 expanded CD34+ cells displayed enhanced serial colonies forming potential and secondary expansion capability. NF-κB inhibition increased the expression of self-renewal related genes, while downregulated the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis regulator (Pgc1α) and mitochondrial chaperones and proteases (ClpP, Hsp10, Hsp60). Mitochondrial mass and membrane potential were markedly decreased with TPCA-1 treatment, leading to the reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in HSPCs. NF-κB inhibition displayed augmented glycolysis rate with compromising mitochondrial metabolism. This study demonstrated that NF-κB pathway inhibition improved glycolysis and limited ROS production that promoted the ex vivo expansion and maintenance of functional HSPCs.
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15
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Non-Thermal Plasma Couples Oxidative Stress to TRAIL Sensitization through DR5 Upregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155302. [PMID: 32722598 PMCID: PMC7432737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis in various tumor cells without affecting most normal cells. Despite being in clinical testing, novel strategies to induce TRAIL-mediated apoptosis are in need to overcome cancer cell unresponsiveness and resistance. Plasma-activated medium (PAM) markedly stimulates reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS)-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells. We investigate the capability of PAM and TRAIL (PAM/TRAIL) combination therapy to overcome TRAIL resistance and improve the anticancer efficacy of TRAIL. The combinatorial treatment of PAM and TRAIL shows synergistic effects on growth inhibition in TRAIL-resistant cancer cells via augmented apoptosis by two attributes. DR5 (TRAIL-R2) transcription by CHOP is upregulated in a PAM-generated ROS/RNS-dependent manner, and PAM itself upregulates PTEN expression mediated by suppression of miR-425 which is involved in Akt inactivation, leading to increased apoptosis induction. Treatment of cancer cell lines with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reduces the extent of membrane dysfunction and the expression of both CHOP-DR5 and miR-425-PTEN axes, attenuating PAM/TRAIL-induced cancer cell apoptosis. These data suggest that PAM/TRAIL treatment is a novel approach to sensitizing cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and overcoming TRAIL resistance. PAM is a promising candidate for further investigations as a chemotherapeutic sensitizer in the treatment of cancer.
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Argaud D, Boulanger MC, Chignon A, Mkannez G, Mathieu P. Enhancer-mediated enrichment of interacting JMJD3-DDX21 to ENPP2 locus prevents R-loop formation and promotes transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:8424-8438. [PMID: 31251802 PMCID: PMC6895255 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ENPP2, which encodes for the enzyme autotaxin (ATX), is overexpressed during chronic inflammatory diseases and various cancers. However, the molecular mechanism involved in the ENPP2 transcription remains elusive. Here, in HEK 293T cells, we demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased the transcription process at ENPP2 locus through a NF-кB pathway and a reduction of H3K27me3 level, a histone repressive mark, by the demethylase UTX. Simultaneously, the H3K27me3 demethylase JMJD3/KDM6B was recruited to the transcription start site (TSS), within the gene body and controlled the expression of ENPP2 in a non-enzymatic manner. Mass spectrometry data revealed a novel interaction for JMJD3 with DDX21, a RNA helicase that unwinds R-loops created by nascent transcript and DNA template. Upon LPS treatment, JMJD3 is necessary for DDX21 recruitment at ENPP2 locus allowing the resolution of aberrant R-loops. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of a distant-acting enhancer decreased the expression of ENPP2 and lowered the recruitment of JMJD3–DDX21 complex at TSS and its progression through the gene body. Taken together, these findings revealed that enhancer-mediated enrichment of novel JMJD3–DDX21 interaction at ENPP2 locus is necessary for nascent transcript synthesis via the resolution of aberrant R-loops formation in response to inflammatory stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Argaud
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Marie-Chloé Boulanger
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Arnaud Chignon
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Ghada Mkannez
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
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17
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Dengue virus envelope protein domain III induces pro-inflammatory signature and triggers activation of inflammasome. Cytokine 2019; 123:154780. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Song YK, Hu BC, Xu L, Liu JQ, Chen X, Zheng Y, Chen MH, Wang JZ, Sun RH, Mo SJ. Productive transcription of miR-124-3p by RelA and RNA polymerase II directs RIP1 ubiquitination-dependent apoptosis resistance during hypoxia. Exp Cell Res 2019; 378:21-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sun J, Sun J, Zhou X. Protective functions of myricetin in LPS-induced cardiomyocytes H9c2 cells injury by regulation of MALAT1. Eur J Med Res 2019; 24:20. [PMID: 31027517 PMCID: PMC6485133 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-019-0378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a crucial mediator in response to inflammation. Myricetin protects cardiomyocytes against inflammatory injury. However, it's still unexplored whether myricetin exerted anti-inflammatory properties via MALAT1. The purpose of our study was to validate the cardio-protective function of myricetin against myocarditis and its underlying mechanism in vitro. METHODS H9c2 cells were pre-incubated with myricetin before stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Enforced silence of MALAT1 was achieved by transducing short hairpin (sh)-MALAT1 into H9c2 cells. Next, cell viability and apoptotic cells were detected with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (Annexin V-FITC/PI) apoptosis detection kit, respectively. Western blot assay was conducted to examine apoptosis-relative proteins, pro-inflammatory factors, and signaling regulators. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to quantify pro-inflammatory factors and MALAT1 at mRNA levels. Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to determine protein concentration of pro-inflammatory factors. RESULTS Myricetin ameliorated LPS-elicited reduction of cell viability, augment of apoptosis, and overexpression of monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in H9c2 cells. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of p65 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha (IκBα) were suppressed. Besides, myricetin enhanced the expression of MALAT1 which was originally down-regulated by LPS. However, the protective effects of myricetin against LPS-caused inflammatory lesions were abrogated in MALAT1-deficiency cells, with the restored phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα. CONCLUSION Myricetin possessed an anti-inflammatory function against LPS-induced lesions in cardiomyocytes. Mechanically, myricetin up-regulated MALAT1, blocked LPS-evoked activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway, and, finally, exerted cardio-protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213000 China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213000 China
| | - Xuezhong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213000 China
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Li S, Lv M, Qiu S, Meng J, Liu W, Zuo J, Yang L. NF-κB p65 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration via regulating mortalin. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4338-4348. [PMID: 30983127 PMCID: PMC6533498 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies show that mortalin, a HSP70 family member, contributes to the development and progression of ovarian cancer. However, details of the transcriptional regulation of mortalin remain unknown. We aimed to determine whether NF‐κB p65 participates in the regulation of mortalin expression in ovarian cancer cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay were used to identify mortalin gene sequences, to which NF‐κB p65 binds. Results indicated that NF‐κB p65 binds to the mortalin promoter at a site with the sequence ‘CGGGGTTTCA’. Using lentiviral pLVX‐NF‐κB‐puro and Lentivirus‐delivered NF‐κB short hairpin RNA (shRNA), we created ovarian cancer cell lines in which NF‐κB p65 was stably up‐regulated and down‐regulated. Using these cells, we found that downregulation of NF‐κB p65 inhibits the growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Further experimental evidence indicated that downregulation of NF‐κB p65 reduced mortalin, and upregulation of mortalin rescued the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells reduced by NF‐κB p65 knockdown. In conclusion, NF‐κB p65 binds to the mortalin promoter and promotes ovarian cancer cells proliferation and migration via regulating mortalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyuan Lv
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Meng
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Zuo
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Elevated pre-activation basal level of nuclear NF-κB in native macrophages accelerates LPS-induced translocation of cytosolic NF-κB into the cell nucleus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4563. [PMID: 30872589 PMCID: PMC6418260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in macrophages constitutes an essential part of the innate immune response to bacterial infections. Detailed and quantified descriptions of TLR4 signal transduction would help to understand and exploit the first-line response of innate immune defense. To date, most mathematical modelling studies were performed on transformed cell lines. However, properties of primary macrophages differ significantly. We therefore studied TLR4-dependent activation of NF-κB transcription factor in bone marrow-derived and peritoneal primary macrophages. We demonstrate that the kinetics of NF-κB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation induced by a wide range of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations in primary macrophages is much faster than previously reported for macrophage cell lines. We used a comprehensive combination of experiments and mathematical modeling to understand the mechanisms of this rapid response. We found that elevated basal NF-κB in the nuclei of primary macrophages is a mechanism increasing native macrophage sensitivity and response speed to the infection. Such pre-activated state of macrophages accelerates the NF-κB translocation kinetics in response to low agonist concentrations. These findings enabled us to refine and construct a new model combining both NF-κB phosphorylation and translocation processes and predict the existence of a negative feedback loop inactivating phosphorylated NF-κB.
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Huse K, Wogsland CE, Polikowsky HG, Diggins KE, Smeland EB, Myklebust JH, Irish JM. Human Germinal Center B Cells Differ from Naïve and Memory B Cells in CD40 Expression and CD40L-Induced Signaling Response. Cytometry A 2019; 95:442-449. [PMID: 30838773 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CD40 expression is required for germinal center (GC) formation and function, but the kinetics and magnitude of signaling following CD40 engagement remain poorly characterized in human B cells undergoing GC reactions. Here, differences in CD40 expression and signaling responses were compared across differentiation stages of mature human tonsillar B cells. A combination of mass cytometry and phospho-specific flow cytometry was used to quantify protein expression and CD40L-induced signaling in primary human naïve, GC, and memory B cells. Protein expression signatures of cell subsets were quantified using viSNE and Marker Enrichment Modeling (MEM). This approach revealed enriched expression of CD40 protein in GC B cells, compared to naïve and memory B cells. Despite this, GC B cells responded to CD40L engagement with lower phosphorylation of NFκB p65 during the first 30 min following CD40L activation. Before CD40L stimulation, GC B cells expressed higher levels of suppressor protein IκBα than naïve and memory B cells. Following CD40 activation, IκBα was rapidly degraded and reached equivalently low levels in naïve, GC, and memory B cells at 30 min following CD40L. Quantifying CD40 signaling responses as a function of bound ligand revealed a correlation between bound CD40L and degree of induced NFκB p65 phosphorylation, whereas comparable IκBα degradation occurred at all measured levels of CD40L binding. These results characterize cell-intrinsic signaling differences that exist in mature human B cells undergoing GC reactions. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanutte Huse
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for B cell malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cara E Wogsland
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hannah G Polikowsky
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kirsten E Diggins
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Erlend B Smeland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for B cell malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - June H Myklebust
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for B cell malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonathan M Irish
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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LncRNA HOTAIR regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine expression and inflammatory response in macrophages. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15670. [PMID: 30353135 PMCID: PMC6199307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33722-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as major regulators of a variety of cell signaling processes. Many lncRNAs are expressed in immune cells and appear to play critical roles in the regulation of immune response. Here, we have investigated the potential role of a well-known lncRNA, HOTAIR, in inflammatory and immune response. Our studies demonstrate that HOTAIR expression is induced in immune cells (macrophages) upon treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Knockdown of HOTAIR reduces NF-κB-mediated inflammatory gene and cytokine expression in macrophages. Inhibition of NF-κB resulted in down-regulation of LPS-induced expression of HOTAIR as well as IL-6 and iNOS expression. We further demonstrated that HOTAIR regulates activation of NF-κB and its target genes (IL-6 and iNOS) expression via facilitating the degradation of IκBα. HOTAIR knockdown reduces the expression of NF-κB target gene expression via inhibiting the recruitment of NF-κB and associated cofactors at the target gene promoters. Taken together, our findings suggest that HOTAIR is a critical player in NF-κB activation in macrophages suggesting its potential functions in inflammatory and immune response.
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Antifibrosis Effect of Novel Oridonin Analog CYD0618 Via Suppression of the NF-κB Pathway. J Surg Res 2018; 232:283-292. [PMID: 30463731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is characterized as excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix proteins, primarily by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). NF-κB has been reported as one of the major mediators of HSC activation. Previously, our team reported that oridonin exhibited antihepatic fibrogenetic activity in vitro. In this study, we examined the effects of its novel derivative CYD0618 on HSC viability, apoptosis, and NF-κB signaling. METHODS Cell proliferation of activated human and rat HSC lines LX-2 and HSC-T6 was measured using Alamar Blue Assay. Apoptosis was measured by a Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. Cellular proteins were determined by Western blots and immunofluorescence. RESULTS CYD0618 significantly inhibited LX-2 and HSC-T6 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. CYD0618 induced cell apoptosis in both cell lines. CYD0618 treatment increased cell cycle inhibitory protein p21, p27, and induced apoptosis marker cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, while suppressing the expression of Collagen type 1. CYD0618 blocked lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity and prevented LPS-induced NF-κB inhibitory protein IκBα phosphorylation and degradation. LPS-stimulated NF-κB downstream target cytokines IL-6 and MCP-1 were attenuated by CYD0618. Endogenous and LPS-stimulated NF-κB p65 S536 phosphorylation was inhibited by CYD0618 treatment. CONCLUSIONS The potent antihepatic fibrogenetic effect of CYD0618 may be mediated via suppression of the NF-κB pathway.
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Nsaibia MJ, Boulanger MC, Bouchareb R, Mkannez G, Le Quang K, Hadji F, Argaud D, Dahou A, Bossé Y, Koschinsky ML, Pibarot P, Arsenault BJ, Marette A, Mathieu P. OxLDL-derived lysophosphatidic acid promotes the progression of aortic valve stenosis through a LPAR1-RhoA-NF-κB pathway. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1351-1363. [PMID: 28472283 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Oxidatively modified lipoproteins may promote the development/progression of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Oxidative transformation of low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) generates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid mediator that accumulates in mineralized aortic valves. LPA activates at least six different G protein-coupled receptors, which may play a role in the pathophysiology of CAVS. We hypothesized that LPA derived from OxLDL may promote a NF-κB signature that drives osteogenesis in the aortic valve. Methods and results The role of OxLDL-LPA was examined in isolated valve interstitial cells (VICs) and the molecular pathway was validated in human explanted aortic valves and in a mouse model of CAVS. We found that OxLDL-LPA promoted the mineralization and osteogenic transition of VICs through LPAR1 and the activation of a RhoA-NF-κB pathway. Specifically, we identified that RhoA/ROCK activated IκB kinase alpha, which promoted the phosphorylation of p65 on serine 536 (p65 pS536). p65 pS536 was recruited to the BMP2 promoter and directed an osteogenic program not responsive to the control exerted by the inhibitor of kappa B. In LDLR-/-/ApoB100/100/IGFII transgenic mice (IGFII), which develop CAVS under a high-fat and high-sucrose diet the administration of Ki16425, a Lpar1 blocker, reduced by three-fold the progression rate of CAVS and also decreased the osteogenic activity as measured with a near-infrared fluorescent probe that recognizes hydroxyapatite of calcium. Conclusions OxLDL-LPA promotes an osteogenic program in the aortic valve through a LPAR1-RhoA/ROCK-p65 pS536 pathway. LPAR1 may represent a suitable target to prevent the progression of CAVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jalloul Nsaibia
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Marie-Chloé Boulanger
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Rihab Bouchareb
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Ghada Mkannez
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Khai Le Quang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Fayez Hadji
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Deborah Argaud
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Abdellaziz Dahou
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Philippe Pibarot
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec/Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Research Center, Department of Surgery, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1V-4G5, Canada
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Characterization of Site-Specific Phosphorylation of NF- κB p65 in Retinal Cells in Response to High Glucose and Cytokine Polarization. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:3020675. [PMID: 29853786 PMCID: PMC5944204 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3020675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). NF-κB is a master transcriptional regulator for numerous inflammatory genes. Although NF-κB is comprised of multiple subunits, p65 has received the most attention. However, the p65 subunit can be phosphorylated at numerous sites, for which the effects of DR-related conditions are not well characterized. Since dysregulation of NF-κB has been linked to chronic inflammation, the current study examines site-specific p65 phosphorylation in retinal cells exposed to high glucose and investigates the effects of cytokine polarization. Methods Phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 sites was examined in human primary retinal endothelial cells (HREC) and MIO-M1 Müller cells after exposure to high glucose (HG) and pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines. Related downstream gene activation was selectively measured by real-time RT-PCR, ELISA, and/or Western blot. Results HG exposure resulted in differential phosphorylation of p65 subunit sites between HREC and Müller cells. Proinflammatory cytokines further increased phosphorylation of these sites and additional sites that were not altered in HG. In contrast, IL-4 exhibited a suppressive effect on the phosphorylation of p65 sites in both cell types and promoted IκBα expression. Downstream inflammatory mediators were increased in response to proinflammatory cytokine treatment versus HG exposure. IL-4 inhibited proinflammatory cytokines, while IL-10 was enhanced despite HG exposure. Conclusion The current study is the first to characterize HG-induced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation after cytokine polarization. By understanding NF-κB phosphorylation and cytokine influence during hyperglycemic conditions, intervention points can be identified for early-stage treatment of DR.
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Evans S, Tzeng HP, Veis DJ, Matkovich S, Weinheimer C, Kovacs A, Barger PM, Mann DL. TNF receptor-activated factor 2 mediates cardiac protection through noncanonical NF-κB signaling. JCI Insight 2018; 3:98278. [PMID: 29415884 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for cytoprotective effects of TNF receptor-activated factor 2 (TRAF2) in the heart, we employed genetic gain- and loss-of-function studies ex vivo and in vivo in mice with cardiac-restricted overexpression of TRAF2 (Myh6-TRAF2LC). Crossing Myh6-TRAF2LC mice with mice lacking canonical signaling (Myh6-TRAF2LC/Myh6-IκBαΔN) abrogated the cytoprotective effects of TRAF2 ex vivo. In contrast, inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway did not abrogate the cytoprotective effects of TRAF2. Transcriptional profiling of WT, Myh6-TRAF2LC, and Myh6-TRAF2LC/Myh6-IκBαΔN mouse hearts suggested that the noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathway was upregulated in the Myh6-TRAF2LC mouse hearts. Western blotting and ELISA for the NF-κB family proteins p50, p65, p52, and RelB on nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts from naive 12-week-old WT, Myh6-TRAF2LC, and Myh6-TRAF2LC/Myh6-IκBαΔN mouse hearts showed increased expression levels and increased DNA binding of p52 and RelB, whereas there was no increase in expression or DNA binding of the p50 and p65 subunits. Crossing Myh6-TRAF2LC mice with RelB-/+ mice (Myh6-TRAF2LC/RelB-/+) attenuated the cytoprotective effects of TRAF2 ex vivo and in vivo. Viewed together, these results suggest that crosstalk between the canonical and noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathways is required for mediating the cytoprotective effects of TRAF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Evans
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division and
| | - Huei-Ping Tzeng
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division and
| | - Deborah J Veis
- Division of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Scot Matkovich
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division and
| | | | - Attila Kovacs
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division and
| | - Philip M Barger
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division and
| | - Douglas L Mann
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division and
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Ernst O, Vayttaden SJ, Fraser IDC. Measurement of NF-κB Activation in TLR-Activated Macrophages. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1714:67-78. [PMID: 29177856 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7519-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) is a key transcription factor in the regulation of the innate immune inflammatory response in activated macrophages. NF-κB functions as a homo- or hetero-dimer derived from one or more of the five members of the NF-κB family, and is activated through a well-studied process of stimulus-dependent inhibitor degradation, post-translational modification, nuclear translocation, and chromatin binding. Its activity is subject to multiple levels of feedback control through both inhibitor protein activity and direct regulation of NF-κB components. Many methods have been developed to measure and quantify NF-κB activation. In this chapter, we summarize available methods and present a protocol for image-based measurement of NF-κB activation in macrophages activated with microbial stimuli. Using either a stably expressed GFP-tagged fusion of the RelA NF-κB protein, or direct detection of endogenous RelA by immunocytochemistry, we describe data collection and analysis to quantify NF-κB cytosol to nuclear translocation in single cells using fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Ernst
- Signaling Systems Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sharat J Vayttaden
- Signaling Systems Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Iain D C Fraser
- Signaling Systems Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Lanucara F, Lam C, Mann J, Monie TP, Colombo SAP, Holman SW, Boyd J, Dange MC, Mann DA, White MRH, Eyers CE. Dynamic phosphorylation of RelA on Ser42 and Ser45 in response to TNFα stimulation regulates DNA binding and transcription. Open Biol 2017; 6:rsob.160055. [PMID: 27466442 PMCID: PMC4967822 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB signalling module controls transcription through a network of protein kinases such as the IKKs, as well as inhibitory proteins (IκBs) and transcription factors including RelA/p65. Phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunits is critical for dictating system dynamics. Using both non-targeted discovery and quantitative selected reaction monitoring-targeted proteomics, we show that the cytokine TNFα induces dynamic multisite phosphorylation of RelA at a number of previously unidentified residues. Putative roles for many of these phosphorylation sites on RelA were predicted by modelling of various crystal structures. Stoichiometry of phosphorylation determination of Ser45 and Ser42 revealed preferential early phosphorylation of Ser45 in response to TNFα. Quantitative analyses subsequently confirmed differential roles for pSer42 and pSer45 in promoter-specific DNA binding and a role for both of these phosphosites in regulating transcription from the IL-6 promoter. These temporal dynamics suggest that RelA-mediated transcription is likely to be controlled by functionally distinct NF-κB proteoforms carrying different combinations of modifications, rather than a simple ‘one modification, one effect’ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lanucara
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Connie Lam
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jelena Mann
- Fibrosis Laboratory, Liver Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Tom P Monie
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Stefano A P Colombo
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Stephen W Holman
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - James Boyd
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Manohar C Dange
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Fibrosis Laboratory, Liver Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Michael R H White
- Systems Microscopy Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claire E Eyers
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Netrin-1 promotes glioma growth by activating NF-κB via UNC5A. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5454. [PMID: 28710382 PMCID: PMC5511130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, a common type of brain tumor, are characterized by aggressive infiltration, making it difficultly to cure by surgery. Netrin-1, an extracellular guidance cue critical for neuronal axon path-finding, has been reported to play an important role in cell invasion and migration in several types of cancers. However, the role of netrin-1 in glioma remains largely unknown. Here, we provide evidence suggested that Netrin-1 has a critical role in glioma growth. We found that netrin-1 was significantly increased in glioma samples and positively correlated with cell proliferation, tumor grade and malignancy. Netrin-1 knockdown reduced cell proliferation and attenuated tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Further studies found that netrin-1 induced NF-κB p65ser536 phosphorylation and c-Myc expression in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, activation of NF-κB by netrin-1 was dependent on UNC5A receptor, because suppression of UNC5A significantly inhibited NF-κB p65ser536 phosphorylation, c-Myc up-regulation and reduced cell proliferation. Taken together, these results suggested netrin-1 promotes glioma cell proliferation by activating NF-κB signaling via UNC5A, netrin-1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
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McCarthy CE, Duffney PF, Wyatt JD, Thatcher TH, Phipps RP, Sime PJ. Comparison of in vitro toxicological effects of biomass smoke from different sources of animal dung. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 43:76-86. [PMID: 28572013 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, over 4 million premature deaths each year are attributed to the burning of biomass fuels for cooking and heating. Epidemiological studies associate household air pollution with lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and respiratory infections. Animal dung, a biomass fuel used by economically vulnerable populations, generates more toxic compounds per mass burned than other biomass fuels. The type of animal dung used varies widely depending on local agro-geography. There are currently neither standardized experimental systems for dung biomass smoke research nor studies assessing the health impacts of different types of dung smoke. Here, we used a novel reproducible exposure system to assess outcomes related to inflammation and respiratory infections in human airway cells exposed to six different types of dung biomass smoke. We report that dung biomass smoke, regardless of species, is pro-inflammatory and activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and JNK transcription factors; however, dung smoke also suppresses interferon responses after a challenge with a viral mimetic. These effects are consistent with epidemiological data, and suggest a mechanism by which the combustion of animal dung can directly cause lung diseases, promote increased susceptibility to infection, and contribute to the global health problem of household air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E McCarthy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Parker F Duffney
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Wyatt
- Division of Comparative Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
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Protein Kinase R Mediates the Inflammatory Response Induced by Hyperosmotic Stress. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00521-16. [PMID: 27920257 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00521-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High extracellular osmolarity results in a switch from an adaptive to an inflammatory gene expression program. We show that hyperosmotic stress activates the protein kinase R (PKR) independently of its RNA-binding domain. In turn, PKR stimulates nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 species phosphorylated at serine-536, which is paralleled by the induction of a subset of inflammatory NF-κB p65-responsive genes, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β. The PKR-mediated hyperinduction of iNOS decreases cell survival in mouse embryonic fibroblasts via mechanisms involving nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and posttranslational modification of proteins. Moreover, we demonstrate that the PKR inhibitor C16 ameliorates both iNOS amplification and disease-induced phenotypic breakdown of the intestinal epithelial barrier caused by an increase in extracellular osmolarity induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in vivo Collectively, these findings indicate that PKR activation is an essential part of the molecular switch from adaptation to inflammation in response to hyperosmotic stress.
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Mahemuti L, Chen Q, Coughlan MC, Zhang M, Florian M, Mailloux RJ, Cao XL, Scoggan KA, Willmore WG, Jin X. Bisphenol A exposure alters release of immune and developmental modulators and expression of estrogen receptors in human fetal lung fibroblasts. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 48:11-23. [PMID: 27745655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to exert biological effects through estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA may increase the risk of childhood asthma. To investigate the underlying mechanisms in the actions of BPA, human fetal lung fibroblasts (hFLFs) were exposed to varying doses of BPA in culture for 24hr. Effects of BPA on localization and uptake of BPA, cell viability, release of immune and developmental modulators, cellular localization and expression of ERα, ERβ and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30), and effects of ERs antagonists on BPA-induced changes in endothelin-1 (ET-1) release were examined. BPA at 0.01-100μmol/L caused no changes in cell viability after 24hr of exposure. hFLFs expresses all three ERs. BPA had no effects on either cellular distribution or protein expression of ERα, however, at 100μmol/L (or 23μmol/L intracellular BPA) increased ERβ protein levels in the cytoplasmic fractions and GPR30 protein levels in the nuclear fractions. These paralleled with increased release of growth differentiation factor-15, decreased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B p65 at serine 536, and decreased release of ET-1, interleukin-6, and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. ERs antagonists had no effects on BPA-induced decrease in ET-1 release. These data suggest that BPA at 100μmol/L altered the release of immune and developmental modulators in hFLFs, which may negatively influence fetal lung development, maturation, and susceptibility to environmental stressors, although the role of BPA in childhood asthma remains to be confirmed in in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laziyan Mahemuti
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biochemistry, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie C Coughlan
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Min Zhang
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Florian
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biochemistry, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biochemistry, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xu-Liang Cao
- Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kylie A Scoggan
- Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Sector Strategies Division, Risk Management Bureau, Safe Environments Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William G Willmore
- Institute of Biochemistry, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaolei Jin
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Tao J, Sun LXJ, Le XC. Study of the effects of bisphenol A using human fetal lung fibroblasts. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 48:6-10. [PMID: 27745673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Tao
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Lily Xiao Jing Sun
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - X Chris Le
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada.
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Controls of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Activity by 5'-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation With Examples in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Int Neurourol J 2016; 20:182-187. [PMID: 27706018 PMCID: PMC5083836 DOI: 10.5213/inj.1632718.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Generally, both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and hypoxia-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) effects are alleviated through differential posttranslational modification of NF-κB phosphorylation after pretreatment with 5´-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators such as 5´-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) or the hypoglycemic agent metformin. We found that AICAR or metformin acts as a regulator of LPS/NF-κB-or hypoxia/NF-κB-mediated cyclooxygenase induction by an AMPK-dependent mechanism with interactions between p65-NF-κB phosphorylation and acetylation, including in a human bladder cancer cell line (T24). In summary, we highlighted the regulatory interactions of AMPK activity on NF-κB induction, particularly in posttranslational phosphorylation and acetylation of NF-κB under inflammatory conditions or hypoxia environment.
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Li J, Hardy K, Phetsouphanh C, Tu WJ, Sutcliffe EL, McCuaig R, Sutton CR, Zafar A, Munier CML, Zaunders JJ, Xu Y, Theodoratos A, Tan A, Lim PS, Knaute T, Masch A, Zerweck J, Brezar V, Milburn PJ, Dunn J, Casarotto MG, Turner SJ, Seddiki N, Kelleher AD, Rao S. Nuclear PKC-θ facilitates rapid transcriptional responses in human memory CD4+ T cells through p65 and H2B phosphorylation. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2448-61. [PMID: 27149922 PMCID: PMC4920249 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.181248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory T cells are characterized by their rapid transcriptional programs upon re-stimulation. This transcriptional memory response is facilitated by permissive chromatin, but exactly how the permissive epigenetic landscape in memory T cells integrates incoming stimulatory signals remains poorly understood. By genome-wide ChIP-sequencing ex vivo human CD4+ T cells, here, we show that the signaling enzyme, protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ) directly relays stimulatory signals to chromatin by binding to transcriptional-memory-responsive genes to induce transcriptional activation. Flanked by permissive histone modifications, these PKC-enriched regions are significantly enriched with NF-κB motifs in ex vivo bulk and vaccinia-responsive human memory CD4+ T cells. Within the nucleus, PKC-θ catalytic activity maintains the Ser536 phosphorylation on the p65 subunit of NF-κB (also known as RelA) and can directly influence chromatin accessibility at transcriptional memory genes by regulating H2B deposition through Ser32 phosphorylation. Furthermore, using a cytoplasm-restricted PKC-θ mutant, we highlight that chromatin-anchored PKC-θ integrates activating signals at the chromatin template to elicit transcriptional memory responses in human memory T cells. Summary: Memory T cells have a rapid transcriptional program upon re-stimulation. Chromatin-anchored PKC-θ integrates activating signals at the chromatin template to elicit this transcriptional memory in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Li
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kristine Hardy
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Chan Phetsouphanh
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Wen Juan Tu
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Elissa L Sutcliffe
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Robert McCuaig
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Christopher R Sutton
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Anjum Zafar
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - C Mee Ling Munier
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - John J Zaunders
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yin Xu
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Angelo Theodoratos
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Abel Tan
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Pek Siew Lim
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Tobias Knaute
- JPT Peptide Technologies Gmbh, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Antonia Masch
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06108, Germany
| | | | - Vedran Brezar
- INSERM U955 Eq16 Faculte de medicine Henri Mondor and Universite Paris-Est Creteil/Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil 94010, France
| | - Peter J Milburn
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Jenny Dunn
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Marco G Casarotto
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Stephen J Turner
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nabila Seddiki
- INSERM U955 Eq16 Faculte de medicine Henri Mondor and Universite Paris-Est Creteil/Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil 94010, France
| | - Anthony D Kelleher
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Sudha Rao
- Faculty of Education, Science, Technology & Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
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Christian F, Smith EL, Carmody RJ. The Regulation of NF-κB Subunits by Phosphorylation. Cells 2016; 5:cells5010012. [PMID: 26999213 PMCID: PMC4810097 DOI: 10.3390/cells5010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB transcription factor is the master regulator of the inflammatory response and is essential for the homeostasis of the immune system. NF-κB regulates the transcription of genes that control inflammation, immune cell development, cell cycle, proliferation, and cell death. The fundamental role that NF-κB plays in key physiological processes makes it an important factor in determining health and disease. The importance of NF-κB in tissue homeostasis and immunity has frustrated therapeutic approaches aimed at inhibiting NF-κB activation. However, significant research efforts have revealed the crucial contribution of NF-κB phosphorylation to controlling NF-κB directed transactivation. Importantly, NF-κB phosphorylation controls transcription in a gene-specific manner, offering new opportunities to selectively target NF-κB for therapeutic benefit. This review will focus on the phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunits and the impact on NF-κB function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Christian
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
| | - Emma L Smith
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
| | - Ruaidhrí J Carmody
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
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38
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Tle1 tumor suppressor negatively regulates inflammation in vivo and modulates NF-κB inflammatory pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1871-6. [PMID: 26831087 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1511380113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tle1 (transducin-like enhancer of split 1) is a corepressor that interacts with a variety of DNA-binding transcription factors and has been implicated in many cellular functions; however, physiological studies are limited. Tle1-deficient (Tle1(Δ/Δ)) mice, although grossly normal at birth, exhibit skin defects, lung hypoplasia, severe runting, poor body condition, and early mortality. Tle1(Δ/Δ) mice display a chronic inflammatory phenotype with increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the skin, lung, and intestine and increased circulatory IL-6 and G-CSF, along with a hematopoietic shift toward granulocyte macrophage progenitor and myeloid cells. Tle1(Δ/Δ) macrophages produce increased inflammatory cytokines in response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and Tle1(Δ/Δ) mice display an enhanced inflammatory response to ear skin 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate treatment. Loss of Tle1 not only results in increased phosphorylation and activation of proinflammatory NF-κB but also results in decreased Hes1 (hairy and enhancer of split-1), a negative regulator of inflammation in macrophages. Furthermore, Tle1(Δ/Δ) mice exhibit accelerated growth of B6-F10 melanoma xenografts. Our work provides the first in vivo evidence, to our knowledge, that TLE1 is a major counterregulator of inflammation with potential roles in a variety of inflammatory diseases and in cancer progression.
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Liu X, Berry CT, Ruthel G, Madara JJ, MacGillivray K, Gray CM, Madge LA, McCorkell KA, Beiting DP, Hershberg U, May MJ, Freedman BD. T Cell Receptor-induced Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) Signaling and Transcriptional Activation Are Regulated by STIM1- and Orai1-mediated Calcium Entry. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:8440-52. [PMID: 26826124 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.713008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell activation following antigen binding to the T cell receptor (TCR) involves the mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) to activate the key transcription factors nuclear factor of activated T lymphocytes (NFAT) and NF-κB. The mechanism of NFAT activation by Ca(2+) has been determined. However, the role of Ca(2+) in controlling NF-κB signaling is poorly understood, and the source of Ca(2+) required for NF-κB activation is unknown. We demonstrate that TCR- but not TNF-induced NF-κB signaling upstream of IκB kinase activation absolutely requires the influx of extracellular Ca(2+) via STIM1-dependent Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+)/Orai channels. We further show that Ca(2+) influx controls phosphorylation of the NF-κB protein p65 on Ser-536 and that this posttranslational modification controls its nuclear localization and transcriptional activation. Notably, our data reveal that this role for Ca(2+) is entirely separate from its upstream control of IκBα degradation, thereby identifying a novel Ca(2+)-dependent distal step in TCR-induced NF-κB activation. Finally, we demonstrate that this control of distal signaling occurs via Ca(2+)-dependent PKCα-mediated phosphorylation of p65. Thus, we establish the source of Ca(2+) required for TCR-induced NF-κB activation and define a new distal Ca(2+)-dependent checkpoint in TCR-induced NF-κB signaling that has broad implications for the control of immune cell development and T cell functional specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corbett T Berry
- From the Departments of Pathobiology and the School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | | | | | | | - Carolyn M Gray
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Lisa A Madge
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Kelly A McCorkell
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | | | - Uri Hershberg
- the School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Michael J May
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
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Peng Y, Kim JM, Park HS, Yang A, Islam C, Lakatta EG, Lin L. AGE-RAGE signal generates a specific NF-κB RelA "barcode" that directs collagen I expression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18822. [PMID: 26729520 PMCID: PMC4700418 DOI: 10.1038/srep18822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are sugar-modified biomolecules that accumulate in the body with advancing age, and are implicated in the development of multiple age-associated structural and functional abnormities and diseases. It has been well documented that AGEs signal via their receptor RAGE to activate several cellular programs including NF-κB, leading to inflammation. A large number of stimuli can activate NF-κB; yet different stimuli, or the same stimulus for NF-κB in different cellular settings, produce a very different transcriptional landscape and physiological outcome. The NF-κB barcode hypothesis posits that cellular network dynamics generate signal-specific post-translational modifications, or a “barcode” to NF-κB, and that a signature “barcode” mediates a specific gene expression pattern. In the current study, we established that AGE-RAGE signaling results in NF-κB activation that directs collagen Ia1 and Ia2 expression. We further demonstrated that AGE-RAGE signal induces phosphorylation of RelA at three specific residues, T254, S311, and S536. These modifications are required for transcription of collagen I genes and are a consequence of cellular network dynamics. The increase of collagen content is a hallmark of arterial aging, and our work provides a potential mechanistic link between RAGE signaling, NF-κB activation, and aging-associated arterial alterations in structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqian Peng
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Ji-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Hal-Sol Park
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Annie Yang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Celia Islam
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Li Lin
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
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41
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Transcriptional Activation of Inflammatory Genes: Mechanistic Insight into Selectivity and Diversity. Biomolecules 2015; 5:3087-111. [PMID: 26569329 PMCID: PMC4693271 DOI: 10.3390/biom5043087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation, an integral part of host defence and immunity, is a highly conserved cellular response to pathogens and other harmful stimuli. An inflammatory stimulation triggers transcriptional activation of selective pro-inflammatory genes that carry out specific functions such as anti-microbial activity or tissue healing. Based on the nature of inflammatory stimuli, an extensive exploitation of selective transcriptional activations of pro-inflammatory genes is performed by the host to ensure a defined inflammatory response. Inflammatory signal transductions are initiated by the recognition of inflammatory stimuli by transmembrane receptors, followed by the transmission of the signals to the nucleus for differential gene activations. The differential transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory genes is precisely controlled by the selective binding of transcription factors to the promoters of these genes. Among a number of transcription factors identified to date, NF-κB still remains the most prominent and studied factor for its diverse range of selective transcriptional activities. Differential transcriptional activities of NF-κB are dictated by post-translational modifications, specificities in dimer formation, and variability in activation kinetics. Apart from the differential functions of transcription factors, the transcriptional activation of selective pro-inflammatory genes is also governed by chromatin structures, epigenetic markers, and other regulators as the field is continuously expanding.
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42
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Bu Y, Li X, He Y, Huang C, Shen Y, Cao Y, Huang D, Cai C, Wang Y, Wang Z, Liao DF, Cao D. A phosphomimetic mutant of RelA/p65 at Ser536 induces apoptosis and senescence: An implication for tumor-suppressive role of Ser536 phosphorylation. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1186-98. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Bu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology; Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; 913 N. Rutledge Street Springfield IL 62794
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology; Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; 913 N. Rutledge Street Springfield IL 62794
| | - Yingchun He
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology; Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; 913 N. Rutledge Street Springfield IL 62794
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation); Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha Hunan 410208 China
| | - Chenfei Huang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology; Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; 913 N. Rutledge Street Springfield IL 62794
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology; Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; 913 N. Rutledge Street Springfield IL 62794
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology; Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; 913 N. Rutledge Street Springfield IL 62794
| | - Dan Huang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation); Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha Hunan 410208 China
| | - Chuan Cai
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation); Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha Hunan 410208 China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation); Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha Hunan 410208 China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation); Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha Hunan 410208 China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation); Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha Hunan 410208 China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology; Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; 913 N. Rutledge Street Springfield IL 62794
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation); Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha Hunan 410208 China
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Wang B, Wei H, Prabhu L, Zhao W, Martin M, Hartley AV, Lu T. Role of Novel Serine 316 Phosphorylation of the p65 Subunit of NF-κB in Differential Gene Regulation. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:20336-47. [PMID: 26082493 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.639849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a central coordinator in immune and inflammatory responses. Constitutive NF-κB is often found in some types of cancers, contributing to oncogenesis and tumor progression. Therefore, knowing how NF-κB is regulated is important for its therapeutic control. Post-translational modification of the p65 subunit of NF-κB is a well known approach for its regulation. Here, we reported that in response to interleukin 1β, the p65 subunit of NF-κB is phosphorylated on the novel serine 316. Overexpression of S316A (serine 316 → alanine) mutant exhibited significantly reduced ability to activate NF-κB and decreased cell growth as compared with wtp65 (wild type p65). Moreover, conditioned media from cells expressing the S316A-p65 mutant had a considerably lower ability to induce NF-κB than that of wtp65. Our data suggested that phosphorylation of p65 on Ser-316 controls the activity and function of NF-κB. Importantly, we found that phosphorylation at the novel Ser-316 site and other two known phosphorylation sites, Ser-529 and Ser-536, either individually or cooperatively, regulated distinct groups of NF-κB-dependent genes, suggesting the unique role of each individual phosphorylation site on NF-κB-dependent gene regulation. Our novel findings provide an important piece of evidence regarding differential regulation of NF-κB-dependent genes through phosphorylation of different p65 serine residues, thus shedding light on novel mechanisms for the pathway-specific control of NF-κB. This knowledge is key to develop strategies for prevention and treatment of constitutive NF-κB-driven inflammatory diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benlian Wang
- From the Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Han Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Lakshmi Prabhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, and
| | - Matthew Martin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Antja-Voy Hartley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
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44
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Priber J, Fonai F, Jakus PB, Racz B, Chinopoulos C, Tretter L, Gallyas F, Sumegi B, Veres B. Cyclophilin D disruption attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in primary mouse macrophages. Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 93:241-50. [PMID: 25728038 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
According to recent results, various mitochondrial processes can actively regulate the immune response. In the present report, we studied whether mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) has such a role. To this end, we compared bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in cyclophilin D (CypD) knock-out and wild-type mouse resident peritoneal macrophages. CypD is a regulator of mPT; therefore, mPT is damaged in CypD(-/-) cells. We chose this genetic modification-based model because the mPT inhibitor cyclosporine A regulates inflammatory processes by several pathways unrelated to the mitochondria. The LPS increased mitochondrial depolarisation, cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, nuclear factor-κB activation, and nitrite- and tumour necrosis factor α accumulation in wild-type cells, but these changes were diminished or absent in the CypD-deficient macrophages. Additionally, LPS enhanced Akt phosphorylation/activation as well as FOXO1 and FOXO3a phosphorylation/inactivation both in wild-type and CypD(-/-) cells. However, Akt and FOXO phosphorylation was significantly more pronounced in CypD-deficient compared to wild-type macrophages. These results provide the first pieces of experimental evidence for the functional regulatory role of mPT in the LPS-induced early inflammatory response of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Priber
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs Medical School, 12 Szigeti St., H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
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Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:851945. [PMID: 26065007 PMCID: PMC4433691 DOI: 10.1155/2015/851945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common heart valve disorder. CAVD is a chronic process characterized by a pathologic mineralization of valve leaflets. Ectopic mineralization of the aortic valve involves complex relationships with immunity. Studies have highlighted that both innate and adaptive immunity play a role in the development of CAVD. In this regard, accumulating evidence indicates that fibrocalcific remodelling of the aortic valve is associated with activation of the NF-κB pathway. The expression of TNF-α and IL-6 is increased in human mineralized aortic valves and promotes an osteogenic program as well as the mineralization of valve interstitial cells (VICs), the main cellular component of the aortic valve. Different factors, including oxidized lipid species, activate the innate immune response through the Toll-like receptors. Moreover, VICs express 5-lipoxygenase and therefore produce leukotrienes, which may amplify the inflammatory response in the aortic valve. More recently, studies have emphasized that an adaptive immune response is triggered during CAVD. Herein, we are reviewing the link between the immune response and the development of CAVD and we have tried, whenever possible, to keep a translational approach.
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Harvey KA, Xu Z, Pavlina TM, Zaloga GP, Siddiqui RA. Modulation of endothelial cell integrity and inflammatory activation by commercial lipid emulsions. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:9. [PMID: 25888960 PMCID: PMC4339234 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thrombosis and immune dysfunction are two important complications that result from the administration of parenteral nutrition. Endothelial cells within the vasculature are crucial components necessary for maintenance of normal coagulation and immune function. Methods We compared the effects of three commercial lipid emulsions (LEs; Intralipid®, ClinOleic® [or Clinolipid®], and Omegaven®) differing in the levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids upon endothelial cell fatty acid composition using Gas chromatography, endothelial cell integrity by assessing measurement of apoptosis and necrosis using flow cytometry, endothelial cell inflammatory activation by assessing the induction of ICAM-1 by lipopolysaccharide [LPS]), and transcription factor activation (phosphorylation of NF-κB) using western blot analysis. Results Gas chromatographic analysis confirmed cellular uptake of the fatty acids within the LEs; furthermore, these fatty acid changes reflected the composition of the oils and egg phosphatides used in the manufacturing of these emulsions. However, the kinetics of fatty acid uptake and processing differed between LEs. Fish oil LE negatively impacted cell viability by doubling the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cell populations quantified by flow cytometry using Annexin V/Fluorescein and propidium iodide. The soybean oil LE did not alter cell viability, while the olive oil-predominate emulsion improved cell viability. All LEs were capable of suppressing LPS-induced ICAM-1 expression; however, the fish oil LE was more potent than the other emulsions. Fish oil LE supplementation of cells also suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB, while the soybean oil and olive predominant LE had no effect upon NF-κB phosphorylation. Conclusions Lipid emulsions are readily incorporated and stored in the form of triacylglycerols. Soybean oil-based, olive oil-predominant and fish-oil based LEs differentially affected endothelial cell integrity. Importantly, these three LEs were capable of suppressing endothelial cell inflammatory response despite their fatty acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Harvey
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, 1800 N. Capitol Ave, E504D, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Zhidong Xu
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, 1800 N. Capitol Ave, E504D, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | | | - Gary P Zaloga
- Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL, 60015, USA.
| | - Rafat A Siddiqui
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, 1800 N. Capitol Ave, E504D, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Yuan X, Garrett-Sinha LA, Sarkar D, Yang S. Deletion of IFT20 in early stage T lymphocyte differentiation inhibits the development of collagen-induced arthritis. Bone Res 2014; 2:14038. [PMID: 26097753 PMCID: PMC4470568 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2014.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IFT20 is the smallest member of the intraflagellar transport protein (IFT) complex B. It is involved in cilia formation. Studies of IFT20 have been confined to ciliated cells. Recently, IFT20 was found to be also expressed in non-ciliated T cells and have functions in immune synapse formation and signaling in vitro. However, how IFT20 regulates T-cell development and activation in vivo is still unknown. We deleted the IFT20 gene in early and later stages of T-cell development by crossing IFT20(flox/flox) (IFT20(f/f) ) mice with Lck-Cre and CD4-Cre transgenic mice, and investigated the role of IFT20 in T-cell maturation and in the development of T cell-mediated collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). We found that both Lck-Cre/IFT20(f/f) and CD4-Cre/IFT20(f/f) mice were indistinguishable from their wild-type littermates in body size, as well as in the morphology and weight of the spleen and thymus. However, the number of CD4- and CD8-positive cells was significantly lower in thymus and spleen in Lck-Cre/IFT20(f/f) mice. Meanwhile, the incidence and severity of CIA symptoms were significantly decreased, and inflammation in the paw was significantly inhibited in Lck-Cre/IFT20(f/f) mice compared to Lck-Cre/IFT20(+/+) littermates. Deletion IFT20 in more mature T cells of CD4-Cre/IFT20(f/f) mice had only mild effects on the development of T cells and CIA. The expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TGF-β1 were significantly downregulated in the paw of Lck-Cre/IFT20(f/f) mice, but just slight decreased in CD4-Cre/IFT20(f/f) mice. These results demonstrate that deletion of IFT20 in the early stage of T-cell development inhibited CIA development through regulating T-cell development and the expression of critical cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yuan
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Debanjan Sarkar
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Therapeutics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-2050, USA
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
- Developmental Genomics Group, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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A systems model of phosphorylation for inflammatory signaling events. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110913. [PMID: 25333362 PMCID: PMC4205014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation is a fundamental biochemical reaction that modulates protein activity in cells. While a single phosphorylation event is relatively easy to understand, multisite phosphorylation requires systems approaches for deeper elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this paper we develop a mechanistic model for single- and multi-site phosphorylation. The proposed model is compared with previously reported studies. We compare the predictions of our model with experiments published in the literature in the context of inflammatory signaling events in order to provide a mechanistic description of the multisite phosphorylation-mediated regulation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) and Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF-5) proteins. The presented model makes crucial predictions for transcription factor phosphorylation events in the immune system. The model proposes potential mechanisms for T cell phenotype switching and production of cytokines. This study also provides a generic framework for the better understanding of a large number of multisite phosphorylation-regulated biochemical circuits.
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Anti-inflammatory effects of Siegesbeckia orientalis ethanol extract in in vitro and in vivo models. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:329712. [PMID: 25328884 PMCID: PMC4160630 DOI: 10.1155/2014/329712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory responses and mechanisms of Siegesbeckia orientalis ethanol extract (SOE). In cell culture experiments, RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with SOE and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for inflammatory mediators assay. In animal experiments, mice were tube-fed with SOE for 1 week, and s.c. injected with λ-carrageenan or i.p. injected with LPS to simulate inflammation. The degree of paw edema was assessed, and cytokine profile in sera and mouse survival were recorded. Data showed that SOE significantly reduced NO, IL-6, and TNF-α production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In vivo studies demonstrated that mice supplemented with 32 mg SOE/kg BW/day significantly lowered sera IL-6 level and resulted a higher survival rate compared to the control group (P = 0.019). Furthermore, SOE inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation by blocking the degradation of IκB-α. The SOE also reduced significantly the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK in a dose-dependent manner. In summary, the in vitro and in vivo evidence indicate that SOE can attenuate acute inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory mediators via suppression of MAPKs- and NF-κB-dependent pathways.
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Chokas AL, Bickford JS, Barilovits SJ, Rogers RJ, Qiu X, Newsom KJ, Beachy DE, Nick HS. A TEAD1/p65 complex regulates the eutherian-conserved MnSOD intronic enhancer, eRNA transcription and the innate immune response. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1839:1205-16. [PMID: 24953189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a critical anti-oxidant enzyme, detoxifies the mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species, superoxide, elicited through normal respiration or the inflammatory response. Proinflammatory stimuli induce MnSOD gene expression through a eutherian-conserved, intronic enhancer element. We identified two prototypic enhancer binding proteins, TEAD1 and p65, that when co-expressed induce MnSOD expression comparable to pro-inflammatory stimuli. TEAD1 causes the nuclear sequestration of p65 leading to a novel TEAD1/p65 complex that associates with the intronic enhancer and is necessary for cytokine induction of MnSOD. Unlike typical NF-κB-responsive genes, the induction of MnSOD does not involve p50. Beyond MnSOD, the TEAD1/p65 complex regulates a subset of genes controlling the innate immune response that were previously viewed as solely NF-κB-dependent. We also identified an enhancer-derived RNA (eRNA) that is induced by either proinflammatory stimuli or the TEAD1/p65 complex, potentially linking the intronic enhancer to intra- and interchromosomal gene regulation through the inducible eRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann L Chokas
- Departments of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Justin S Bickford
- Departments of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sarah J Barilovits
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Richard J Rogers
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Xiaolei Qiu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kimberly J Newsom
- Departments of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dawn E Beachy
- Departments of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Harry S Nick
- Departments of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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