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Tang J, Song L, Xie H, Zhu J, Li W, Xu G, Cai L, Han XX. In Situ and Real-Time Monitoring of Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Crosstalk in Apoptosis via Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8363-8369. [PMID: 37610372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The crosstalk between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticula plays a crucial role in apoptotic pathways in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by microsomal monooxygenase (MMO) are believed to accelerate cytochrome c release. Herein, we successfully demonstrate the potential of surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) for monitoring MMO-derived ROS formation and ROS-mediated cytochrome c release. Silver nanoparticles coated with nickel shells are used as both Raman signal enhancers and electron donors for cytochrome c. SERRS of cytochrome c is found to be sensitive to ROS, allowing for in situ probing of ROS formation with a cell death inducer. Label-free evaluation of ROS-induced apoptosis is achieved by SERRS-based monitoring of cytochrome c release in living cells. This study verifies the capability of SERRS for label-free, in situ, and real-time monitoring of the mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum crosstalk in apoptosis and provides a novel strategy for the rational design and screening of ROS-inducing drugs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Li Song
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Han Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Linjun Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Mukherjee S, Gupta P, Ghosh S, Choudhury S, Das A, Ahir M, Adhikary A, Chattopadhyay S. Targeted tumor killing by pomegranate polyphenols: Pro-oxidant role of a classical antioxidant. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 115:109283. [PMID: 36791995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the key biochemical features that distinguish a cancer cell from normal cells is its persistent pro-oxidative state that leads to intrinsic oxidative stress. Malignant cells have evolved sophisticated adaptation systems that involve high dependency on antioxidant functions and upregulation of pro-survival molecules to counteract the deleterious effects of reactive species and to maintain dynamic redox balance. This situation renders them vulnerable to further oxidative challenges by exogenous agents. In the present study, we advocated that pomegranate polyphenols act as pro-oxidants and trigger ROS-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells. With the help of both in vitro and in vivo models, we have established that pomegranate fruit extract (PFE) can cause a significant reduction in tumor proliferation while leaving normal tissues and cells unharmed. Administration of PFE (0.2% v/v) in Erhlich's ascites carcinoma-bearing mice for 3 weeks, inhibited the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2-antioxidant response element signaling cascade, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species content, altered glutathione cycle thereby activating reactive oxygen species-induced apoptotic pathway in Erhlich's ascites carcinoma cells. Moreover, PFE mitigated epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migration in triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB 231 cells) by down-regulating nuclear factor kappa light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells. Pre-treatment of tumor cells with N-acetyl cysteine protected these cells from undergoing PFE-induced apoptosis while siRNA-mediated silencing of Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and nuclear factor kappa light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells in tumor cells increased the cytotoxic potential and pro-oxidative activity of PFE, indicating a clear role of these transcription factors in orchestrating the anticancer/pro-oxidative properties of PFE. The seminal findings provided may be exploited to develop potential therapeutic targets for selective killing of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Gupta
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ankur Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Manisha Ahir
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
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Chitosan-Sodium alginate-Polyethylene glycol-Crocin nanocomposite treatment inhibits esophageal cancer KYSE-150 cell growth via inducing apoptotic cell death. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Cao L, Zhang J, Du Y, Sun M, Xiang Y, Sheng Y, Ren X, Shao J. Selenite induced breast cancer MCF7 cells apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 349:109651. [PMID: 34520753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element for human, and has anti-tumor effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor activity of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and explored its possible mechanisms involved in a breast cancer cell line. We found that Na2SeO3 could inhibit the cell viability of MCF7 cells, yet with minimal damage to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results of Hoechst staining and Western Blot showed that Na2SeO3 induced apoptosis of MCF7 cells. Na2SeO3 activated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), as evidenced by the up-regulation of ERS-related proteins, including ATF6, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP, and the down-regulation of PERK. ATF6, p-eIF2α and apoptosis were decreased by pre-treatment with an ERS inhibitor (4-PBA). Na2SeO3 activated oxidative stress (OS) through increasing ROS generation and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) which induced apoptosis. Pre-treatment with an antioxidant (NAC) attenuated Na2SeO3-induced OS and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, ERS and OS had mutual effects. Pre-treatment with 4-PBA could act against the up-regulation of ROS and the down-regulation of MMP. Pre-treatment with NAC attenuated the expression of ATF6. At the same time, we found that treatment with Na2SeO3 promoted the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, while inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK. However, the up-regulation was inhibited after pre-treatment of NAC, and pre-treatment with 4-PBA inhibited the increase only of p38. Based on these results, our study provides a mechanistic understanding of how Na2SeO3 has antitumor effects against MCF7 cells through the OS and ERS pathway. OS and ERS interact with each other, and p38 is regulated by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Cao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yue Xiang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yulu Sheng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiangmei Ren
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jihong Shao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, China.
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Chen L, Hao M, Yan J, Sun L, Tai G, Cheng H, Zhou Y. Citrus-derived DHCP inhibits mitochondrial complex II to enhance TRAIL sensitivity via ROS-induced DR5 upregulation. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100515. [PMID: 33676890 PMCID: PMC8050394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-modified citrus pectin, a water-soluble indigestible polysaccharide fiber derived from citrus fruits and modified by temperature treatment, has been reported to exhibit anticancer effects. However, the bioactive fractions and their mechanisms remain unclear. In this current study, we isolated an active compound, trans-4,5-dihydroxy-2-cyclopentene-l-one (DHCP), from heat-treated citrus pectin, and found that is induces cell death in colon cancer cells via induction of mitochondrial ROS. On the molecular level, DHCP triggers ROS production by inhibiting the activity of succinate ubiquinone reductase (SQR) in mitochondrial complex II. Furthermore, cytotoxicity, apoptotic activity, and activation of caspase cascades were determined in HCT116 and HT-29 cell-based systems, the results indicated that DHCP enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), with DHCP-induced ROS accounting for the synergistic effect between DHCP and TRAIL. Furthermore, the combination of DHCP and TRAIL inhibits the growth of HCT116 and HT-29 xenografts synergistically. ROS significantly increases the expression of TRAIL death receptor 5 (DR5) via the p53 and C/EBP homologous protein pathways. Collectively, our findings indicate that DHCP has a favorable toxicity profile and is a new TRAIL sensitizer that shows promise in the development of pectin-based pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and dietary agents aimed at combating human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Miao Hao
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingmin Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Guihua Tai
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hairong Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yifa Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
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Sabir S, Rehman K, Fiayyaz F, Kamal S, Akash MSH. Role of Aflatoxins as EDCs in Metabolic Disorders. EMERGING CONTAMINANTS AND ASSOCIATED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Li XY, Li S, Lu GQ, Wang DP, Liu KL, Qian XH, Xue WH, Meng FH. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel (E)-N-phenyl-4-(pyridine-acylhydrazone) benzamide derivatives as potential antitumor agents for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104189. [PMID: 32890996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel (E)-N-phenyl-4-(pyridine-acylhydrazone) benzamide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity against two different human cancer cell lines and one human normal cell line. Compound 8b had the best anti-proliferative activity (IC50 = 0.12 ± 0.09 μM, RPMI8226 cells) than the other compounds. And compound 8b had lower toxicity than imatinib. Flow cytometry analysis showed that compound 8b could arrest the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and induce apoptosis of RPMI8226 cells by promoting mitochondrial ROS release, thereby effectively inhibiting cell proliferation. Our findings provided a promising lead compound 8b for further structural optimization and will be instructive for the discovery of more potent antitumor drugs with high selectivity and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shuai Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Guo-Qing Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - De-Pu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xin-Hua Qian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wen-Han Xue
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Fan-Hao Meng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China.
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8
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Coulidiati TH, Dantas BB, Faheina-Martins GV, de Morais Gomes ER, Gonçalves JCR, de Araújo DAM. Proapoptotic Effects of triazol-1,4-Naphthoquinones Involve Intracellular ROS Production and MAPK/ERK Pathway in Human Leukemia Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:2089-2098. [PMID: 32698747 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200721124221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The natural products constitute an important source of antitumor and cytotoxic agents. Naphthoquinones are effectively quinones present in different plants, with demonstrated anticancer activities. A recent study conducted by our group demonstrated the antileukemic potential of two novel triazol-1,4- naphthoquinones derivatives, PTN (2-(4-Phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1,4-naphthoquinone) and MPTN (2-[4- (4-Methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]-1,4-naphthoquinone). Although, the mechanisms underlying the proapoptotic effects of PTN and MPTN have not been fully elucidated so far. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the proapoptotic mechanism of PTN and MPTN in human acute leukemia cells. METHODS We used fluorescence microscopy to observe acridine orange and annexin V staining cells. Flow cytometry assay has also been used for ROS quantification, BAX and cytochrome c proteins expression and apoptosis analysis. MTT assay and western blotting technique have been performed as well for MAPK pathway analysis. RESULTS By using the acridine orange and annexin V staining with fluorescence microscopy, we have characterized the proapoptotic effects of PTN and MPTN in HL-60 cells involving the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, since these compounds promoted an increase in the intracellular BAX and cytochrome c protein levels (p<0.05). We further demonstrated that apoptosis induction in HL-60 cells was mediated by increasing intracellular ROS levels via ERK but not p38 MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results have demonstrated that PTN and MPTN are promising tools for the development of new anti-leukemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangbadioa H Coulidiati
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Research and Training Unit in Science and Technology, University Norbert Zongo of Koudougou, BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Bruna B Dantas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Glaucia V Faheina-Martins
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Enéas Ricardo de Morais Gomes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Juan C R Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Demetrius A Machado de Araújo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
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Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Exposure Promotes Oxidative Stress and Suppresses Sp1 Transcription Factor in Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051027. [PMID: 30818757 PMCID: PMC6429440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) is a cytosolic marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are a sub-population within heterogeneous tumor cells. CSCs associate with therapy-resistance, self-renewal, malignancy, tumor-relapse, and reduced patient-survival window. ALDH1-mediated aldehyde scavenging helps CSCs to survive a higher level of oxidative stress than regular cancer cells. Cruciferous vegetable-derived phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) selectively induces reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to apoptosis of cancer cells, but not healthy cells. However, this pro-oxidant role of PEITC in CSCs is poorly understood and is investigated here. In a HeLa CSCs model (hCSCs), the sphere-culture and tumorsphere assay showed significantly enriched ALDHhi CSCs from HeLa parental cells (p < 0.05). Aldefluor assay and cell proliferation assay revealed that PEITC treatments resulted in a reduced number of ALDHhi hCSCs in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.05). In the ROS assay, PEITC promoted oxidative stress in hCSCs (p ≤ 0.001). Using immunoblotting and flow cytometry techniques, we reported that PEITC suppressed the cancer-associated transcription factor (Sp1) and a downstream multidrug resistance protein (P-glycoprotein) (both, p < 0.05). Furthermore, PEITC-treatment of hCSCs, prior to xenotransplantation in mice, lowered the in vivo tumor-initiating potential of hCSCs. In summary, PEITC treatment suppressed the proliferation of ALDH1 expressing cancer stem cells as well as key factors that are involved with drug-resistance, while promoting oxidative stress and apoptosis in hCSCs.
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Skivka LM, Prylutska SV, Rudyk MP, Khranovska NM, Opeida IV, Hurmach VV, Prylutskyy YI, Sukhodub LF, Ritter U. C 60 fullerene and its nanocomplexes with anticancer drugs modulate circulating phagocyte functions and dramatically increase ROS generation in transformed monocytes. Cancer Nanotechnol 2018; 9:8. [PMID: 30416604 PMCID: PMC6208740 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-017-0034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C60 fullerene-based nanoformulations are proposed to have a direct toxic effect on tumor cells. Previous investigations demonstrated that C60 fullerene used alone or being conjugated with chemotherapeutic agents possesses a potent anticancer activity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of C60 fullerene and its nanocomplexes with anticancer drugs on human phagocyte metabolic profile in vitro. Methods Analysis of the metabolic profile of phagocytes exposed to C60 fullerene in vitro revealed augmented phagocytic activity and down-regulated reactive nitrogen species generation in these cells. Additionally, cytofluorimetric analysis showed that C60 fullerene can exert direct cytotoxic effect on normal and transformed phagocytes through the vigorous induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation. Results Cytotoxic action as well as the pro-oxidant effect of C60 fullerene was more pronounced toward malignant phagocytes. At the same time, C60 fullerenes have the ability to down-regulate the pro-oxidant effect of cisplatin on normal cells. These results indicate that C60 fullerenes may influence phagocyte metabolism and have both pro-oxidant and antioxidant properties. Conclusions The antineoplastic effect of C60 fullerene has been observed by direct toxic effect on tumor cells, as well as through the modulation of the functions of effector cells of antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larysa M Skivka
- 1Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska str., Kiev, 01601 Ukraine
| | - Svitlana V Prylutska
- 1Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska str., Kiev, 01601 Ukraine
| | - Mariia P Rudyk
- 1Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska str., Kiev, 01601 Ukraine
| | | | - Ievgeniia V Opeida
- 1Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska str., Kiev, 01601 Ukraine
| | - Vasyl V Hurmach
- 1Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska str., Kiev, 01601 Ukraine
| | - Yuriy I Prylutskyy
- 1Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska str., Kiev, 01601 Ukraine
| | - Leonid F Sukhodub
- 3Sumy State University, 2 Rymskogo-Korsakova str., Sumy, 40007 Ukraine
| | - Uwe Ritter
- 4Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ilmenau, Weimarer str. 25, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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Albertolle ME, Peter Guengerich F. The relationships between cytochromes P450 and H 2O 2: Production, reaction, and inhibition. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 186:228-234. [PMID: 29990746 PMCID: PMC6084448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this review we address the relationship between cytochromes P450 (P450) and H2O2. This association can affect biology in three distinct ways. First, P450s produce H2O2 as a byproduct either during catalysis or when no substrate is present. This reaction, known as uncoupling, releases reactive oxygen species that may have implications in disease. Second, H2O2 is used as an oxygen-donating co-substrate in peroxygenase and peroxidase reactions catalyzed by P450s. This activity has proven to be important mainly in reactions involving prokaryotic P450s, and investigators have harnessed this reaction with the aim of adaptation for industrial use. Third, H2O2-dependent inhibition of human P450s has been studied in our laboratory, demonstrating heme destruction and also the inactivating oxidation of the heme-thiolate ligand to a sulfenic acid (-SOH). This reversible oxidative modification of P450s may have implications in the prevention of uncoupling and may give new insights into the oxidative regulation of these enzymes. Research has elucidated many of the chemical mechanisms involved in the relationship between P450 and H2O2, but the application to biology is difficult to evaluate. Further studies are needed reveal both the harmful and protective natures of reactive oxygen species in an organismal context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Albertolle
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States.
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Cytotoxic Effect of Thymoquinone-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (TQ-NLC) on Liver Cancer Cell Integrated with Hepatitis B Genome, Hep3B. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:1549805. [PMID: 30186351 PMCID: PMC6116464 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1549805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ), a bioactive compound found in Nigella sativa, cannot be orally consumed due to its lipophilicity. In order to overcome this low bioavailability, TQ is loaded into a colloidal drug carrier known as a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC). This study aims to determine the antiproliferative effects of TQ and TQ-NLC on liver cancer cells integrated with the hepatitis B genome, Hep3B. The Hep3B was treated with TQ or TQ-NLC for 24, 48, and 72 hours via MTT assay. The results confirm that TQ or TQ-NLC inhibited the growth of Hep3B at IC50 <16.7 μM for 72 hours. TQ was also found to induce cell cycle arrest at the G1 checkpoint while TQ-NLC induced non-phase-specific cell cycle arrest. Further analysis using Annexin V staining confirmed the apoptotic induction of TQ or TQ-NLC via activation of caspases-3/7. In ROS management, TQ acted as a prooxidant (increased the level of ROS), while TQ-NLC acted as an antioxidant (reduced the level of ROS). Molecular analysis demonstrated that the GSH system and the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in Hep3B influenced the differential responses of the cells towards TQ or TQ-NLC. Hence, this study demonstrated that TQ and TQ-NLC have in vitro anticancer effects on the Hep3B.
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Chen F, Song Q, Yu Q. Axl inhibitor R428 induces apoptosis of cancer cells by blocking lysosomal acidification and recycling independent of Axl inhibition. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:1466-1482. [PMID: 30210917 PMCID: PMC6129480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
R428 (BGB324) is an anti-cancer drug candidate under clinical investigation. It inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and induces apoptosis of many types of cancer cells, but the relationship between the two has not been well established. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of the R428-induced apoptosis and found that R428 induced extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization and caspase activation, independent of its inhibitory effects on Axl. Further analyses revealed that R428 blocked lysosomal acidification and recycling, accumulated autophagosomes and lysosomes, and induced cell apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagy by autophagy inhibitors or autophagic gene-knockout alleviated the R428-induced vacuoles formation and cell apoptosis. Our study uncovered a novel function and mechanism of R428 in addition to its ability to inhibit Axl. These data will help to better direct the application of R428 as an anti-cancer reagent. It also adds new knowledge to understand the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049, China
| | - Qiaoling Song
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049, China
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14
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Tayeh Z, Dudai N, Schechter A, Chalifa-Caspi V, Barak S, Ofir R. Molecular Mode of Action of Asteriscus graveolens as an Anticancer Agent. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082162. [PMID: 30042356 PMCID: PMC6121366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Asteriscus graveolens (A. graveolens) plants contain among other metabolites, sesquiterpene lactone asteriscunolide isomers (AS). The crude extract and its fractions affected the viability of mouse BS-24-1 lymphoma cells (BS-24-1 cells) with an IC50 of 3 μg/mL. The fraction was cytotoxic to cancer cells but not to non-cancerous cells (human induced pluripotent stem cells); its activity was accompanied by a concentration- and time-dependent appearance of apoptosis as determined by DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity. High levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) were rapidly observed (less than 1 min) after addition of the fraction followed by an increase in caspase-3 activity three hours later. Comparison of RNA-seq transcriptome profiles from pre-and post-treatment of BS-24-1 cells with crude extract of A. graveolens yielded a list of 2293 genes whose expression was significantly affected. This gene set included genes encoding proteins involved in cell cycle arrest, protection against ROS, and activation of the tumor suppressor P53 pathway, supporting the biochemical findings on ROS species-dependent apoptosis induced by A. graveolens fraction. Interestingly, several of the pathways and genes affected by A. graveolens extract are expressed following treatment of human cancer cells with chemotherapy drugs. We suggest, that A. graveolens extracts maybe further developed into selective chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Tayeh
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8499000 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel.
- Dead Sea & Arava Science Center, 868215 Sapir, Israel.
| | - Nativ Dudai
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, ARO 1021, 30095 Ramat-Yishay, Israel.
| | - Alona Schechter
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, ARO 1021, 30095 Ramat-Yishay, Israel.
| | - Vered Chalifa-Caspi
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University, 84105 Beer-sheva, Israel.
| | - Simon Barak
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8499000 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel.
| | - Rivka Ofir
- Dead Sea & Arava Science Center, 868215 Sapir, Israel.
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-sheva, Israel.
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15
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Miller SC, Mofford DM, Adams ST. Lessons Learned from Luminous Luciferins and Latent Luciferases. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1734-1740. [PMID: 29439568 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Compared to the broad palette of fluorescent molecules, there are relatively few structures that are competent to support bioluminescence. Here, we focus on recent advances in the development of luminogenic substrates for firefly luciferase. The scope of this light-emitting chemistry has been found to extend well beyond the natural substrate and to include enzymes incapable of luciferase activity with d-luciferin. The broadening range of luciferin analogues and evolving insight into the bioluminescent reaction offer new opportunities for the construction of powerful optical reporters of use in live cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - David M. Mofford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Spencer T. Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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16
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Liu M, Xiao C, Sun M, Tan M, Hu L, Yu Q. Parthenolide Inhibits STAT3 Signaling by Covalently Targeting Janus Kinases. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061478. [PMID: 29921758 PMCID: PMC6100543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activations of the STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway are associated with cancer and inflammatory diseases. Three of the four Janus kinases, JAK1, JAK2, and Tyk2, are the major upstream kinases of STAT3 in responses to cytokine stimulations. Among them, JAK2 is the key kinase in the IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Here we report the mechanisms of a natural compound parthenolide from the medicinal herb Feverfew in regulating the JAK/STAT3 signaling. We found that parthenolide was a potent inhibitor of JAKs. It covalently modified the Cys178, Cys243, Cys335, and Cys480 of JAK2 and suppressed its kinase activity. It also interacted with other JAKs in a similar fashion. The binding of parthenolide to JAKs was selective. It preferentially bound to the JAKs, but not to the abundant proteins, such as tubulin and actin. Parthenolide also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the increased ROS did not seem to contribute to the inhibition of JAK/STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, parthenolide inhibited the IL-6-induced cancer cell migration and preferentially inhibited the growth of cancer cells that had constitutively activated STAT3. Our study suggests a novel strategy to inactivate JAKs and provides a promising anti-inflammation and anticancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chengqian Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Stake Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Mingwei Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- The Chemical Proteomics Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Minjia Tan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- The Chemical Proteomics Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Stake Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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17
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de Montellano PRO. 1-Aminobenzotriazole: A Mechanism-Based Cytochrome P450 Inhibitor and Probe of Cytochrome P450 Biology. Med Chem 2018; 8:038. [PMID: 30221034 PMCID: PMC6137267 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0444.1000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
1-Aminobenzotriazole (1-ABT) is a pan-specific, mechanism-based inactivator of the xenobiotic metabolizing forms of cytochrome P450 in animals, plants, insects, and microorganisms. It has been widely used to investigate the biological roles of cytochrome P450 enzymes, their participation in the metabolism of both endobiotics and xenobiotics, and their contributions to the metabolism-dependent toxicity of drugs and chemicals. This review is a comprehensive evaluation of the chemistry, discovery, and use of 1-aminobenzotriazole in these contexts from its introduction in 1981 to the present.
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18
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Cucurbitacin I inhibits STAT3, but enhances STAT1 signaling in human cancer cells in vitro through disrupting actin filaments. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:425-437. [PMID: 29119966 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT1 and STAT3 are two important members of the STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) protein family and play opposing roles in regulating cancer cell growth. Suppressing STAT3 and/or enhancing STAT1 signaling are considered to be attractive anticancer strategies. Cucurbitacin I (CuI) isolated from the cucurbitacin family was reported to be an inhibitor of STAT3 signaling and a disruptor of actin cytoskeleton. In this study we investigated the function and mechanisms of CuI in regulating STAT signaling in human cancer cells in vitro. CuI (0.1-10 mmol/L) dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3, and enhanced the phosphorylation of STAT1 in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells possibly through disrupting actin filaments. We further demonstrated that actin filaments physically associated with JAK2 and STAT3 in A549 cells and regulated their phosphorylation through two signaling complexes, the IL-6 receptor complex and the focal adhesion complex. Actin filaments also interacted with STAT1 in A549 cells and regulated its dephosphorylation. Taken together, this study reveals the molecular mechanisms of CuI in the regulation of STAT signaling and in a possible inhibition of human cancer cell growth. More importantly, this study uncovers a novel role of actin and actin-associated signaling complexes in regulating STAT signaling.
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19
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Veith A, Moorthy B. ROLE OF CYTOCHROME P450S IN THE GENERATION AND METABOLISM OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018; 7:44-51. [PMID: 29527583 PMCID: PMC5841237 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are a diverse group of heme monooxygenases that, through the course of their reaction cycle, contribute to cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). CYP enzymes play a crucial role in human physiology and are involved in drug and xenobiotic metabolism as well as biosynthesis of endogenous molecules and are expressed throughout the human body. However, during the course of the CYP catalytic cycle, ROS can be generated through uncoupling of the enzymatic cycle. ROS is known to modify endogenous molecules, included lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which can lead to cell damage and death and contribute to disease development. ROS has been implicated in a wide range of diseases and conditions, including cancer and ageing, but ROS also play a role in the normal physiological functions in the cell. Here, we discuss specific examples whereby ROS generated by CYPs contribute to or protect against various phenomena, such as hyperoxic lung injury, oxidative hepatic toxicity, formation of DNA adducts from lipid peroxidation products. We have also discussed the mechanistic roles of CYP enzymes belonging to various families, and their effect on cellular ROS production, in relation to normal cellular function as well as disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Veith
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics-Newborn, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics-Newborn, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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20
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Kuang S, Liu G, Cao R, Zhang L, Yu Q, Sun C. Mansouramycin C kills cancer cells through reactive oxygen species production mediated by opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104057-104071. [PMID: 29262621 PMCID: PMC5732787 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world and the search for novel anticancer agents is urgently required. Marine-derived isoquinolinequinones have exhibited promising anticancer activities. However, the exact mechanisms of cytotoxic activities of these isoquinolinequinones are poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of mansouramycin C (Mm C), a cytotoxic isoquinolinequinone isolated from a marine streptomycete. We demonstrated that Mm C preferentially killed cancer cells and the cytotoxic effects were mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis of Mm C-treated A549 cells revealed that many ROS-related proteins were differentially expressed. Proteomic-profiling after Mm C treatment identified oxidative phosphorylation as the most significant changes in pathways. Analysis also revealed extensive defects in mitochondrial structure and function. Furthermore, we disclosed that Mm C-induced ROS generation was caused by opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Notably, Mm C synergized with sorafenib to induce cell death in A549 cells. Hence, we propose that the marine-derived natural compound Mm C is a potent inducer of the mitochondrial permeability transition and a promising anticancer drug candidate. Moreover, molecular mechanisms of Mm C shed new light on the understanding of the cytotoxic mechanisms of marine-derived isoquinolinequiones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ge Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruobing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Division of Tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaomin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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21
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Rodic S, Vincent MD. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key determinant of cancer's metabolic phenotype. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:440-448. [PMID: 28940517 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit a wide range of metabolic phenotypes, ranging from strict aerobic glycolysis to increased mitochondrial respiration. The cause and utility of this metabolic variation is poorly understood. Given that cancer cells experience heavy selection within their microenvironment, survival requires metabolic adaptation to both extracellular and intracellular conditions. Herein, we suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key determinant of cancer's metabolic phenotype. Intracellular ROS levels can be modified by an assortment of critical parameters including oxygenation, glucose availability and growth factors. ROS act as integrators of environmental information as well as downstream effectors of signaling pathways. Maintaining ROS within a narrow range allows malignant cells to enhance growth and invasion while limiting their apoptotic susceptibility. Cancer cells actively modify their metabolism to optimize intracellular ROS levels and thereby improve survival. Furthermore, we highlight distinct metabolic phenotypes in response to oxidative stress and their tumorigenic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rodic
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, 1151 Richmond St, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mark David Vincent
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, 1151 Richmond St, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Oncology, London Regional Cancer Program, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada
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22
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Ndombera FT. Anti-cancer agents and reactive oxygen species modulators that target cancer cell metabolism. PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractTraditionally the perspective on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has centered on the role they play as carcinogenic or cancer-causing radicals. Over the years, characterization and functional studies have revealed the complexity of ROS as signaling molecules that regulate various physiological cellular responses or whose levels are altered in various diseases. Cancer cells often maintain high basal level of ROS and are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS levels beyond a certain protective threshold. Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells.
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23
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Intracellular enzyme-activatable prodrug for real-time monitoring of chlorambucil delivery and imaging. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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24
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Molecular mechanisms responsible for programmed cell death-inducing attributes of terpenes from Mesua ferrea stem bark towards human colorectal carcinoma HCT 116 cells. J Appl Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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25
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Sun X, Wang W, Chen J, Cai X, Yang J, Yang Y, Yan H, Cheng X, Ye J, Lu W, Hu C, Sun H, Pu J, Cao P. The Natural Diterpenoid Isoforretin A Inhibits Thioredoxin-1 and Triggers Potent ROS-Mediated Antitumor Effects. Cancer Res 2016; 77:926-936. [PMID: 28011619 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) plays an important role in cancer initiation and progression and has gained attention as an anticancer drug target. Here we report that the recently discovered natural diterpenoid isoforretin A (IsoA) significantly inhibits Trx1 activity and mediates anticancer effects in multiple preclinical settings. The inhibitory effect of IsoA was antagonized by free radical scavengers polyethylene glycol-catalase, polyethylene glycol superoxide dismutase, thiol-based antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and glutathione. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the mechanism of action was based on direct conjugation of IsoA to the Cys32/Cys35 residues of Trx1. This conjugation event attenuated reversible thiol reduction of Trx1, leading to ROS accumulation and a broader degradation of thiol redox homeostasis in cancer cells. Extending these in vitro findings, we documented that IsoA administration inhibited the growth of HepG2 tumors in a murine xenograft model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Taken together, our findings highlight IsoA as a potent bioactive inhibitor of Trx1 and a candidate anticancer natural product. Cancer Res; 77(4); 926-36. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueting Cai
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wuguang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Handong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianxin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. .,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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26
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Geyikoglu F, Emir M, Colak S, Koc K, Turkez H, Bakir M, Hosseinigouzdagani M, Cerig S, Keles ON, Ozek NS. Effect of oleuropein against chemotherapy drug-induced histological changes, oxidative stress, and DNA damages in rat kidney injury. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 25:447-459. [PMID: 28911689 PMCID: PMC9332526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is responsible for a large number of renal failures, and it is still associated with high rates of mortality today. Oleuropein (OLE) presents a plethora of pharmacological beneficial properties. In this study we investigated whether OLE could provide sufficient protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. With this aim, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into eight groups: control; 7 mg/kg/d cisplatin, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg OLE; and treatment with OLE for 3 days starting at 24 hours following cisplatin injection. After exposure to the chemotherapy agent and OLE, oxidative DNA damage was quantitated in the renal tissue of experimental animals by measuring the amount of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) adducts. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, total oxidative stress (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were assessed to determine the oxidative injury in kidney cells. The histology of the kidney was examined using four different staining methods: hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Masson trichrome, and amyloid. In addition, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), and creatinine (CRE) levels were established. Our experimental data showed that tissue 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in the cisplatin group when compared to the control group. The glomerular cells were sensitive to cisplatin as tubular cells. In addition, treatment with cisplatin elevated the levels of BUN, UA, CRE, and TOS, but lowered the level of TAS compared to the control group. The OLE therapy modulated oxidative stress in order to restore normal kidney function and reduced the formation of 8-OHdG induced by cisplatin. Furthermore, the OLE treatment significantly reduced pathological findings in renal tissue. We demonstrate for the first time that OLE presents significant cytoprotective properties against cisplatin-induced genotoxicity by restoring the antioxidant system of the renal tissue. According to our findings, OLE is a promising novel natural source for the prevention of serious kidney damage in current chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatime Geyikoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Murat Emir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Suat Colak
- Department of Biology, Erzincan University, Uzumlu Vocational School, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Kubra Koc
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Murat Bakir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Salim Cerig
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Osman Nuri Keles
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nihal Simsek Ozek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Zhao L, Ma C, Shen S, Tian C, Xu J, Tu Q, Li T, Wang Y, Wang J. Pneumatic microfluidics-based multiplex single-cell array. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 78:423-430. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kim SJ, Chung TH. Cold atmospheric plasma jet-generated RONS and their selective effects on normal and carcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20332. [PMID: 26838306 PMCID: PMC4738260 DOI: 10.1038/srep20332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric helium plasma jets were fabricated and utilized for plasma-cell interactions. The effect of operating parameters and jet design on the generation of specific reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) within cells and cellular response were investigated. It was found that plasma treatment induced the overproduction of RONS in various cancer cell lines selectively. The plasma under a relatively low applied voltage induced the detachment of cells, a reduction in cell viability, and apoptosis, while the plasma under higher applied voltage led to cellular necrosis in our case. To determine whether plasma-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation occurs through interfering with mitochondria-related cellular response, we examined the plasma effects on ROS generation in both parental A549 cells and A549 ρ(0) cells. It was observed that cancer cells were more susceptible to plasma-induced RONS (especially nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2(-)) radicals) than normal cells, and consequently, plasma induced apoptotic cell responses mainly in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ja Kim
- Department of Physics, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Chung
- Department of Physics, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea
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Abbas M, Kushwaha VS, Srivastava K, Banerjee M. Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphisms and Treatment Outcome in Cervical Cancer Patients under Concomitant Chemoradiation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142501. [PMID: 26571237 PMCID: PMC4646353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cisplatin based concomitant chemoradiation (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (CC). Glutathione S-transferase (GST), a phase II antioxidant enzyme is induced by oxidative stress generated by drugs and reactive oxidants. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association of GSTM1, T1 and P1 polymorphisms with the outcome of CRT treatment in CC patients. METHODS A total of 227 cervical cancer patients with stages IIB-IIIB treated with the same chemoradiotherapy regimen were enrolled and genotyped for GSTM1, T1 and P1 gene polymorphisms by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Overall survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival function and Cox proportional hazards model. All data were analyzed using SPSS (version 21.0). RESULTS Stratified analysis showed that GSTM1 null (M1-) genotype was associated with a significantly better survival among patients with stage IIB cervical cancer (log-rank P = 0.004) than cases with stage IIIA/IIIB. Death and recurrence were significantly higher in patients with GSTM1 present genotype (M1+) (P = 0.037 and P = 0.003 respectively) and those with M1- showed reduced hazard of death with an adjusted hazard ratio 'HR' of 0.47 (95% CI, 0.269-0.802, P = 0.006). Women with M1- genotype as well as in combination with GSTT1 null (T1-), GSTP1 (AG+GG) and GSTT1 null/GSTP1 (AG+GG) showed better survival and also reduced risk of death (HR = 0.31, P = 0.016; HR = 0.45, P = 0.013; HR = 0.31, P = 0.02 respectively). CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to correlate the association of GSTM1, T1 and P1 gene polymorphisms with treatment outcome of CRT treated CC patients. Our results suggested that individuals with GSTM1 null genotype and in combination with GSTT1 null and GSTP1 (AG+GG) had a survival advantage. Such genetic studies may provide prognostic information in CRT treated CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abbas
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow -226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vandana Singh Kushwaha
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kirti Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow -226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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30
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Zhang C, Liu K, Yao K, Reddy K, Zhang Y, Fu Y, Yang G, Zykova TA, Shin SH, Li H, Ryu J, Jiang YN, Yin X, Ma W, Bode AM, Dong Z, Dong Z. HOI-02 induces apoptosis and G2-M arrest in esophageal cancer mediated by ROS. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1912. [PMID: 26469961 PMCID: PMC4632281 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive molecules that perform essential functions in living organisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that many types of cancer cells exhibit elevated levels of ROS. Conversely, generation of ROS has become an effective method to kill cancer cells. (E)-3-hydroxy-3-(4-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl) indolin-2-one, which is an NO2 group-containing compound designated herein as HOI-02, generated ROS and, in a dose-dependent manner, decreased esophageal cancer cell viability and inhibited anchorage-independent growth, followed by apoptosis and G2-M arrest. Moreover, results of an in vivo study using a patient-derived xenograft mouse model showed that HOI-02 treatment suppressed the growth of esophageal tumors, without affecting the body weight of mice. The expression of Ki-67 was significantly decreased with HOI-02 treatment. In addition, the phosphorylation of c-Jun, and expression of p21, cleaved caspase 3, and DCFH-DA were increased in the HOI-02-treated group compared with the untreated control group. In contrast, treatment of cells with (E)-3-(4-(4-aminophenyl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl)-3-hydroxyindolin-2-one, which is an NH2 group-containing compound designated herein as HOI-11, had no effect. Overall, we identified HOI-02 as an effective NO2 group-containing compound that was an effective therapeutic or preventive agent against esophageal cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - K Liu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - K Yao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - K Reddy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - G Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - T A Zykova
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - S H Shin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
- Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - J Ryu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Y-n Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - X Yin
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - W Ma
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - A M Bode
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Z Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Z Dong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
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31
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Dai F, Liu GY, Li Y, Yan WJ, Wang Q, Yang J, Lu DL, Ding DJ, Lin D, Zhou B. Insights into the importance for designing curcumin-inspired anticancer agents by a prooxidant strategy: The case of diarylpentanoids. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 85:127-37. [PMID: 25912482 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Developing anticancer agents by a prooxidant strategy has attracted increasing attention in recent years, although it is not conventional in medicinal chemistry and is completely opposite to antioxidant therapy. In this work, a panel of diarylpentanoids as the curcumin mono-carbonyl analogs were designed and synthesized, and their cytotoxic and proapoptotic mechanisms against human lung cancer A549 cells were investigated at the frontiers of chemistry and biology. It was found that compared with curcumin, the compounds (A1, B1, and C1) bearing two ortho substituents on the aromatic rings, especially A1, exhibit significantly increased cytotoxic and proapoptotic activities through a Michael acceptor unit-dependent prooxidant-mediated mechanism. The prooxidative ability is governed not only by their electrophilicity but also by their geometry, cellular uptake and metabolic stability, and TrxR-inhibitory activity. Mechanistic investigation reveals that the compound A1 could effectively and irreversibly modify the TrxR by virtue of the above optimal biochemical parameters, and convert this antioxidant enzyme into a reactive oxygen species (ROS) promoter, resulting in a burst of the intracellular ROS including H2O2 and O2(-)•. The ROS generation is associated with falling apart in the redox buffering system, and subsequently induces increases in Ca(2+) influx and oxidative stress, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, ultimately leading to cell apoptosis. This work highlights the feasibility in designing curcumin-inspired anticancer agents by a prooxidant strategy, and gives us useful information on how to design them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Guo-Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Dong-Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - De-Jun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Dong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Street S., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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Aflatoxin biosynthesis is a novel source of reactive oxygen species--a potential redox signal to initiate resistance to oxidative stress? Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:1411-30. [PMID: 25928133 PMCID: PMC4448155 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7051411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin biosynthesis in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus parasiticus involves a minimum of 21 enzymes, encoded by genes located in a 70 kb gene cluster. For aflatoxin biosynthesis to be completed, the required enzymes must be transported to specialized early and late endosomes called aflatoxisomes. Of particular significance, seven aflatoxin biosynthetic enzymes are P450/monooxygenases which catalyze reactions that can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as byproducts. Thus, oxidative reactions in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway could potentially be an additional source of intracellular ROS. The present work explores the hypothesis that the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway generates ROS (designated as "secondary" ROS) in endosomes and that secondary ROS possess a signaling function. We used specific dyes that stain ROS in live cells and demonstrated that intracellular ROS levels correlate with the levels of aflatoxin synthesized. Moreover, feeding protoplasts with precursors of aflatoxin resulted in the increase in ROS generation. These data support the hypothesis. Our findings also suggest that secondary ROS may fulfill, at least in part, an important mechanistic role in increased tolerance to oxidative stress in germinating spores (seven-hour germlings) and in regulation of fungal development.
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33
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Jiang F, Chen L, Yang YC, Wang XM, Wang RY, Li L, Wen W, Chang YX, Chen CY, Tang J, Liu GMY, Huang WT, Xu L, Wang HY. CYP3A5 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating mTORC2/Akt Signaling. Cancer Res 2015; 75:1470-81. [PMID: 25649767 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CYP3A5 is a cytochrome P450 protein that functions in the liver metabolism of many carcinogens and cancer drugs. However, it has not been thought to directly affect cancer progression. In this study, we challenge this perspective by demonstrating that CYP3A5 is downregulated in many hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), where it has an important role as a tumor suppressor that antagonizes the malignant phenotype. CYP3A5 was downregulated in multiple cohorts of human HCC examined. Lower CYP3A5 levels were associated with more aggressive vascular invasion, poor differentiation, shorter time to disease recurrence after treatment, and worse overall patient survival. Mechanistic investigations showed that CYP3A5 overexpression limited MMP2/9 function and suppressed HCC migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting AKT signaling. Notably, AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 was inhibited in CYP3A5-overexpressing HCC cells, an event requiring mTORC2 but not Rictor/mTOR complex formation. CYP3A5-induced ROS accumulation was found to be a critical upstream regulator of mTORC2 activity, consistent with evidence of reduced GSH redox activity in most clinical HCC specimens with reduced metastatic capacity. Taken together, our results defined CYP3A5 as a suppressor of HCC pathogenesis and metastasis with potential utility a prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Cancer Institution of Jiangsu Province, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Cheng Yang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Ming Wang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruo-Yu Wang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Li
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Wen
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Xin Chang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Yang Chen
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Tang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gao-Mi-Yang Liu
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Tao Huang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Cancer Institution of Jiangsu Province, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai, China.
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Shan S, Shi J, Li Z, Gao H, Shi T, Li Z, Li Z. Targeted anti-colon cancer activities of a millet bran-derived peroxidase were mediated by elevated ROS generation. Food Funct 2015; 6:2331-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00260e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is the sixth most important cereal in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Shan
- Department of Biology
- Taiyuan Normal University
- Taiyuan 030031
- China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Biology
- Taiyuan Normal University
- Taiyuan 030031
- China
| | - Huixian Gao
- Department of Biology
- Taiyuan Normal University
- Taiyuan 030031
- China
| | - Tonglin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Zongwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
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35
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A small molecule that induces reactive oxygen species via cellular glutathione depletion. Biochem J 2014; 463:53-63. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20140669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new cytotoxic compound was found in our chemical library. We revealed that the compound induced reactive oxygen species through glutathione depletion. Moreover, the compound was effective against several cancer cell lines including those harbouring KRAS.
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36
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Chae IG, Kim DH, Kundu J, Jeong CH, Kundu JK, Chun KS. Generation of ROS by CAY10598 leads to inactivation of STAT3 signaling and induction of apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT116 cells. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1311-21. [PMID: 25096910 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.951838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been reported to play critical roles in cell fate decision by interacting with four types of prostanoid receptors such as EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4. The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of the EP4-specific agonist CAY10598 in human colon cancer HCT116 cells. Our study revealed that treatment with CAY10598 significantly reduced the cell viability and induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells, as evidenced by the induction of p53 and Bax, release of cytochrome c, cleavage of caspase-9, -7, and -3, and PARP, and the inhibition of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and survivin expression. Moreover, treatment with CAY10598 diminished the phosphorylation of JAK2, leading to the attenuation of STAT3 activation in HCT116 cells. CAY10598-induced apoptosis in cells which were transiently transfected with EP4 siRNA or treated with an EP4 antagonist prior to incubation with the compound remained unaffected, suggesting an EP4-independent mechanism of apoptosis induction by CAY10598. We found that treatment with CAY10598 generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pretreatment of cells with N-acetyl cysteine rescued cells from apoptosis by abrogating the inhibitory effect of CAY10598 on the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. In conclusion, CAY10598 induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells in an EP4-independent manner, but through the generation of ROS and inactivation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University , Daegu , South Korea
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37
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Zeng KW, Song FJ, Wang YH, Li N, Yu Q, Liao LX, Jiang Y, Tu PF. Induction of hepatoma carcinoma cell apoptosis through activation of the JNK-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-ROS self-driven death signal circuit. Cancer Lett 2014; 353:220-31. [PMID: 25064608 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
As an efficient method for inducing tumor cell apoptosis, ROS can be constantly formed and accumulated in NADPH oxidase overactivated-cells, resulting in further mitochondrial membrane damage and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. In addition, JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (JNK MAPK) signal also acts as a vital candidate pathway for inducing tumor cell apoptosis by targeting mitochondrial death pathway. However, the relationship between NADPH oxidase-ROS and JNK MAPK signal still remains unclear. Here, we discovered a novel self-driven signal circuit between NADPH oxidase-ROS and JNK MAPK, which was induced by a cytotoxic steroidal saponin (ASC) in hepatoma carcinoma cells. NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production was markedly activated by ASC and directly led to JNK MAPK activation. Moreover, antioxidant, NADPH oxidase inhibitor and specific knock-out for p47 subunit of NADPH oxidase could effectively block NADPH oxidase-ROS-dependent JNK activation, suggesting that NADPH oxidase is an upstream regulator of JNK MAPK. Conversely, a specific JNK inhibitor could inhibit ASC-induced NADPH oxidase activation and down-regulate ROS levels as well, indicating that JNK might also regulate NADPH oxidase activity to some extent. These observations indicate that NADPH oxidase and JNK MAPK activate each other as a signal circuit. Furthermore, drug pretreatment experiments with ASC showed this signal circuit operated continuously via a self-driven mode and finally induced apoptosis in hepatoma carcinoma cells. Taken together, we provide a proof for inducing hepatoma carcinoma cell apoptosis by activating the JNK-NADPH oxidase-ROS-dependent self-driven signal circuit pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang-Jiao Song
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ying-Hong Wang
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Li-Xi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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38
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Zhou S, Zhang XJ, Xue XJ, Liu Q, Zhang WH, Nie K, Chen DF, Jiang XW. Protective effect of ulinastatin combined with Xuebijing injection against intestinal mucosa injury in rats with seawater-immersed open abdominal injury. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:1112-1120. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i8.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the protective effect of ulinastatin combined with Xuebijing injection against intestinal mucosa injury in rats with seawater-immersed open abdominal injury.
METHODS: A total of 104 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups that consisted of a normal control group (n = 8), a normal saline treated group (n = 24), a ulinastatin treated group (n = 24), a Xuebijing injection treated group (n = 24), and a ulinastatin plus xuebijing injection group (n = 24). Except for the normal control group, the other groups were further divided into three subgroups for testing at 1, 3 and 6 h after operation. Blood and intestinal tissues were obtained at different time points after operation. Histopathological changes of the ileum were observed. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and endotoxin (ET) in plasma were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the activities or contents of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), diamine oxidase (DAO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in intestinal tissues were measured by non-radioactive electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), biochemical methods and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining.
RESULTS: Compared with the normal saline treated group, the contents of DAO (13.64 U/mL ± 1.08 U/mL, 13.87 U/mL ± 1.19 U/mL vs 17.06 U/mL ± 1.56 U/mL, P < 0.05), ET (0.635 eU/L ± 0.037 eU/L, 0.604 eU/L ± 0.027 eU/L vs 0.728 eU/L ± 0.038 eU/L, P < 0.01), TNF-α (122.10 pg/mL ± 9.72 pg/mL, 121.93 pg/mL ± 8.67 pg/mL vs 143.89 pg/mL ± 8.13 pg/mL, P < 0.01), IL-6 (261.60 pg/mL ± 8.73 pg/mL, 268.06 pg/mL ± 6.87 pg/mL vs 293.42 pg/mL ± 10.44 pg/mL, P < 0.01) in plasma and the activities or contents of NF-κB p65 (122.53 ± 7.02, 98.61 ± 7.86 vs 202.60 ± 8.06, P < 0.01), MDA (5.29 nmol/mg ± 0.44 nmol/mg, 5.26 nmol/mg ± 0.42 nmol/mg vs 6.40 nmol/mg ± 0.53 nmol/mg, P < 0.01) and ROS (83.72 mg/mL ± 2.89 mg/mL, 74.69 mg/mL ± 2.94 mg/mL vs 130.13 mg/mL ± 3.89 mg/mL, P < 0.01) in intestinal tissues at 6 h significantly decreased, while the activities or contents of SOD at 6 h (75.34 U/mg ± 4.60 U/mg, 75.01 U/mg ± 4.22 U/mg vs 67.38 U/mg ± 4.20 U/mg, P < 0.05) significantly increased in the ulinastatin treated group and Xuebijing injection treated group. The levels of DAO, ET, TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, ROS, and NF-κB p65 in the combination group were significantly lower than those in the ulinastatin treated group (11.39 U/mL ± 1.23 U/mL vs 13.64 U/mL ± 1.08 U/mL, 0.528 eU/L ± 0.036 eU/L vs 0.635 eU/L ± 0.037 eU/L, 110.40 pg/mL ± 5.99 pg/mL vs 122.10 pg/mL ± 9.72 pg/mL, 213.88 pg/mL ± 11.69 pg/mL vs 261.60 pg/mL ± 8.73 pg/mL, 4.74 nmol/mg ± 0.25 nmol/mg vs 5.29 nmol/mg ± 0.44 nmol/mg, 56.31 mg/mL ± 3.61 mg/mL vs 83.72 mg/mL ± 2.89 mg/mL, 61.05 ± 6.69 vs 122.53 ± 7.02, P < 0.05), while the level of SOD was higher in the combination group. There were no significant differences in the above parameters between the ulinastatin treated group and Xuebijing injection treated group.
CONCLUSION: Ulinastatin combined with Xuebijing injection has a protective effect against intestinal mucosa injury in rats with seawater immersed open abdominal injury possibly by inhibiting NF-κB activity and inflammatory cytokines and reducing oxidative stress.
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Phytoagents for cancer management: regulation of nucleic acid oxidation, ROS, and related mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:925804. [PMID: 24454991 PMCID: PMC3886269 DOI: 10.1155/2013/925804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of oxidized nucleic acids causes genomic instability leading to senescence, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. Phytoagents are known to reduce the risk of cancer development; whether such effects are through regulating the extent of nucleic acid oxidation remains unclear. Here, we outlined the role of reactive oxygen species in nucleic acid oxidation as a driving force in cancer progression. The consequential relationship between genome instability and cancer progression highlights the importance of modulation of cellular redox level in cancer management. Current epidemiological and experimental evidence demonstrate the effects and modes of action of phytoagents in nucleic acid oxidation and provide rationales for the use of phytoagents as chemopreventive or therapeutic agents. Vitamins and various phytoagents antagonize carcinogen-triggered oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and/or activating endogenous defence systems such as Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes or pathways. Moreover, metal ion chelation by phytoagents helps to attenuate oxidative DNA damage caused by transition metal ions. Besides, the prooxidant effects of some phytoagents pose selective cytotoxicity on cancer cells and shed light on a new strategy of cancer therapy. The “double-edged sword” role of phytoagents as redox regulators in nucleic acid oxidation and their possible roles in cancer prevention or therapy are discussed in this review.
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Guo WZ, Shiina I, Wang Y, Umeda E, Watanabe C, Uetake S, Ohashi Y, Yamori T, Dan S. Ridaifen-SB8, a novel tamoxifen derivative, induces apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-dependent signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1272-84. [PMID: 23973528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen is an anticancer agent widely used for treatment of estrogen receptor (ERα)-positive breast cancer. We previously developed a novel synthesis of tamoxifen and its derivatives, named Ridaifens (RIDs). Some of them, including RID-SB8, exhibited a stronger anticancer activity than tamoxifen in ERα-positive MCF-7 cells while having lost the affinity for ERα, suggesting an ERα-independent anticancer mode of action. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism by which RID-SB8 exerts anticancer activity. As expected, anticancer activity of RID-SB8 was not influenced upon knockdown of ERα expression in MCF-7 cells. RID-SB8 exerted similar anticancer effects on thirteen ERα-negative cancer cell lines including human gliosarcoma SF539 cells. In SF539 cells, RID-SB8 triggered loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ(m)) and progression of apoptosis accompanied by activation of caspases and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) to the nucleus. Furthermore, it induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and a ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), canceled loss of ΔΨ(m) and progression of apoptosis triggered by RID-SB8. Using fifteen human cancer cell lines, we demonstrated a significant correlation between RID-SB8 concentration required for ROS production and that required for cytotoxic effect across these cell lines, but such correlation was not observed for tamoxifen. Finally, the selective induction of ROS and cytotoxic effect on cancer cells by RID-SB8 were confirmed. From these results, we concluded that RID-SB8 exerts an anticancer effect via a mode of action distinct from tamoxifen, and that RID-SB8 could become a promising anticancer lead compound which selectively induces ROS formation and apoptosis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-zhi Guo
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
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