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Rumbus Z, Fekete K, Kelava L, Gardos B, Klonfar K, Keringer P, Pinter E, Pakai E, Garami A. Ammonium chloride-induced hypothermia is attenuated by transient receptor potential channel vanilloid-1, but augmented by ankyrin-1 in rodents. Life Sci 2024; 346:122633. [PMID: 38615746 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Systemic administration of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), an acidifying agent used in human patients and experimental conditions, causes hypothermia in mice, however, the mechanisms of the thermoregulatory response to NH4Cl and whether it develops in other species remained unknown. MAIN METHODS We studied body temperature (Tb) changes in rats and mice induced by intraperitoneal administration of NH4Cl after blockade of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) or ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) channels. KEY FINDINGS In rats, NH4Cl decreased Tb by 0.4-0.8°C (p < 0.05). The NH4Cl-induced hypothermia also developed in Trpv1 knockout (Trpv1-/-) and wild-type (Trpv1+/+) mice, however, the Tb drop was exaggerated in Trpv1-/- mice compared to Trpv1+/+ controls with maximal decreases of 4.0 vs. 2.1°C, respectively (p < 0.05). Pharmacological blockade of TRPV1 channels with AMG 517 augmented the hypothermic response to NH4Cl in genetically unmodified mice and rats (p < 0.05 for both). In contrast, when NH4Cl was infused to mice genetically lacking the TRPA1 channel, the hypothermic response was significantly attenuated compared to wild-type controls with maximal mean Tb difference of 1.0°C between the genotypes (p = 0.008). Pretreatment of rats with a TRPA1 antagonist (A967079) also attenuated the NH4Cl-induced Tb drop with a maximal difference of 0.7°C between the pretreatment groups (p = 0.003). SIGNIFICANCE TRPV1 channels limit, whereas TRPA1 channels exaggerate the development of NH4Cl-induced hypothermia in rats and mice, but other mechanisms are also involved. Our results warrant for regular Tb control and careful consideration of NH4Cl treatment in patients with TRPA1 and TRPV1 channel dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Rumbus
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Kata Fekete
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Leonardo Kelava
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Bibor Gardos
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Klonfar
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Patrik Keringer
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Erika Pinter
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Eszter Pakai
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Andras Garami
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7624, Hungary.
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Matsubara M, Muraki Y, Suzuki H, Hatano N, Muraki K. Critical amino acid residues regulating TRPA1 Zn 2+ response: A comparative study across species. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107302. [PMID: 38642892 PMCID: PMC11134551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular zinc ions (Zn2+) are crucial for signal transduction in various cell types. The transient receptor potential (TRP) ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel, known for its sensitivity to intracellular Zn2+ ([Zn2+]i), has been a subject of limited understanding regarding its molecular mechanism. Here, we used metal ion-affinity prediction, three-dimensional structural modeling, and mutagenesis, utilizing data from the Protein Data Bank and AlphaFold database, to elucidate the [Zn2+]i binding domain (IZD) structure composed by specific AAs residues in human (hTRPA1) and chicken TRPA1 (gTRPA1). External Zn2+ induced activation in hTRPA1, while not in gTRPA1. Moreover, external Zn2+ elevated [Zn2+]i specifically in hTRPA1. Notably, both hTRPA1 and gTRPA1 exhibited inherent sensitivity to [Zn2+]i, as evidenced by their activation upon internal Zn2+ application. The critical AAs within IZDs, specifically histidine at 983/984, lysine at 711/717, tyrosine at 714/720, and glutamate at 987/988 in IZD1, and H983/H984, tryptophan at 710/716, E854/E855, and glutamine at 979/980 in IZD2, were identified in hTRPA1/gTRPA1. Furthermore, mutations, such as the substitution of arginine at 919 (R919) to H919, abrogated the response to external Zn2+ in hTRPA1. Among single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at Y714 and a triple SNP at R919 in hTRPA1, we revealed that the Zn2+ responses were attenuated in mutants carrying the Y714 and R919 substitution to asparagine and proline, respectively. Overall, this study unveils the intrinsic sensitivity of hTRPA1 and gTRPA1 to [Zn2+]i mediated through IZDs. Furthermore, our findings suggest that specific SNP mutations can alter the responsiveness of hTRPA1 to extracellular and intracellular Zn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Matsubara
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukiko Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hatano
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
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3
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Gao N, Li M, Wang W, Liu Z, Guo Y. Visual analysis of global research on the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel: A literature review from 2002 to 2022. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31001. [PMID: 38770319 PMCID: PMC11103542 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel has become a focus in pain research. However, there are no bibliometric studies that systematically analyze the existing research in this area. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of the existing literature on TRPA1 using a bibliometric analysis. Methods Published literature in the field of TRPA1 was collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, and other entries were conducted using Excel, VOSview, and Citespace software to provide insight into global research hotspots and trends in the TRPA1 field. Results This study included 1189 scientific products published in 398 journals from 52 countries. The United States of America (n = 367) had the most publications, ahead of Japan (n = 212) and China (n = 199). The University of Florence (n = 55) was the most productive institution and Pierangelo Geppetti (n = 46) was the most productive author. PLoS One (n = 40) published the most articles on TRPA1. Pain, cold, inflammation, covalent modification, hyperalgesia, and oxidative stress were the most common keywords used in the studies. Conclusion This study provides the first bibliometric analysis of TRPA1 publications. The physiological functions of TRPA1, TRPA1, and neuropathic pain, TRPA1 as a therapeutic target, and agonists of TRPA1 are trending in TRPA1 research. Neuropathic pain, apoptosis, and sensitization could be focus areas of future research. This study provides important insight in the field of TRPA1 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yufeng Guo
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
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Huang J, Korsunsky A, Yazdani M, Chen J. Targeting TRP channels: recent advances in structure, ligand binding, and molecular mechanisms. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 16:1334370. [PMID: 38273937 PMCID: PMC10808746 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1334370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a large and diverse family of transmembrane ion channels that are widely expressed, have important physiological roles, and are associated with many human diseases. These proteins are actively pursued as promising drug targets, benefitting greatly from advances in structural and mechanistic studies of TRP channels. At the same time, the complex, polymodal activation and regulation of TRP channels have presented formidable challenges. In this short review, we summarize recent progresses toward understanding the structural basis of TRP channel function, as well as potential ligand binding sites that could be targeted for therapeutics. A particular focus is on the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of TRP channel activation and regulation, where many fundamental questions remain unanswered. We believe that a deeper understanding of the functional mechanisms of TRP channels will be critical and likely transformative toward developing successful therapeutic strategies targeting these exciting proteins. This endeavor will require concerted efforts from computation, structural biology, medicinal chemistry, electrophysiology, pharmacology, drug safety and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Aron Korsunsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Mahdieh Yazdani
- Modeling and Informatics, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, United States
| | - Jianhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
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Vlachova V, Barvik I, Zimova L. Human Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Channel: Structure, Function, and Physiology. Subcell Biochem 2024; 104:207-244. [PMID: 38963489 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-58843-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ion channel TRPA1 is a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel widely expressed in sensory neurons, but also in many nonneuronal tissues typically possessing barrier functions, such as the skin, joint synoviocytes, cornea, and the respiratory and intestinal tracts. Here, the primary role of TRPA1 is to detect potential danger stimuli that may threaten the tissue homeostasis and the health of the organism. The ability to directly recognize signals of different modalities, including chemical irritants, extreme temperatures, or osmotic changes resides in the characteristic properties of the ion channel protein complex. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have provided an important framework for understanding the molecular basis of TRPA1 function and have suggested novel directions in the search for its pharmacological regulation. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of human TRPA1 from a structural and functional perspective and discusses the complex allosteric mechanisms of activation and modulation that play important roles under physiological or pathophysiological conditions. In this context, major challenges for future research on TRPA1 are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorie Vlachova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivan Barvik
- Division of Biomolecular Physics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Zimova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Pandey P, Shrestha B, Lee Y. Acid and Alkali Taste Sensation. Metabolites 2023; 13:1131. [PMID: 37999227 PMCID: PMC10673112 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Living organisms rely on pH levels for a multitude of crucial biological processes, such as the digestion of food and the facilitation of enzymatic reactions. Among these organisms, animals, including insects, possess specialized taste organs that enable them to discern between acidic and alkaline substances present in their food sources. This ability is vital, as the pH of these compounds directly influences both the nutritional value and the overall health impact of the ingested substances. In response to the various chemical properties of naturally occurring compounds, insects have evolved peripheral taste organs. These sensory structures play a pivotal role in identifying and distinguishing between nourishing and potentially harmful foods. In this concise review, we aim to provide an in-depth examination of the molecular mechanisms governing pH-dependent taste responses, encompassing both acidic and alkaline stimuli, within the peripheral taste organs of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, drawing insights from a comprehensive analysis of existing research articles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Youngseok Lee
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (P.P.); (B.S.)
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7
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Hung CH, Chin Y, Fong YO, Lee CH, Han DS, Lin JH, Sun WH, Chen CC. Acidosis-related pain and its receptors as targets for chronic pain. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 247:108444. [PMID: 37210007 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sensing acidosis is an important somatosensory function in responses to ischemia, inflammation, and metabolic alteration. Accumulating evidence has shown that acidosis is an effective factor for pain induction and that many intractable chronic pain diseases are associated with acidosis signaling. Various receptors have been known to detect extracellular acidosis and all express in the somatosensory neurons, such as acid sensing ion channels (ASIC), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptors. In addition to sense noxious acidic stimulation, these proton-sensing receptors also play a vital role in pain processing. For example, ASICs and TRPs are involved in not only nociceptive activation but also anti-nociceptive effects as well as some other non-nociceptive pathways. Herein, we review recent progress in probing the roles of proton-sensing receptors in preclinical pain research and their clinical relevance. We also propose a new concept of sngception to address the specific somatosensory function of acid sensation. This review aims to connect these acid-sensing receptors with basic pain research and clinical pain diseases, thus helping with better understanding the acid-related pain pathogenesis and their potential therapeutic roles via the mechanism of acid-mediated antinociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsien Hung
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin Chin
- Department of Life Science & Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-On Fong
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Der-Shen Han
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Her Lin
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Sun
- Department of Life Science & Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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8
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Audero MM, Prevarskaya N, Fiorio Pla A. Ca2+ Signalling and Hypoxia/Acidic Tumour Microenvironment Interplay in Tumour Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137377. [PMID: 35806388 PMCID: PMC9266881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid tumours are characterised by an altered microenvironment (TME) from the physicochemical point of view, displaying a highly hypoxic and acidic interstitial fluid. Hypoxia results from uncontrolled proliferation, aberrant vascularization and altered cancer cell metabolism. Tumour cellular apparatus adapts to hypoxia by altering its metabolism and behaviour, increasing its migratory and metastatic abilities by the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype and selection of aggressive tumour cell clones. Extracellular acidosis is considered a cancer hallmark, acting as a driver of cancer aggressiveness by promoting tumour metastasis and chemoresistance via the selection of more aggressive cell phenotypes, although the underlying mechanism is still not clear. In this context, Ca2+ channels represent good target candidates due to their ability to integrate signals from the TME. Ca2+ channels are pH and hypoxia sensors and alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis in cancer progression and vascularization have been extensively reported. In the present review, we present an up-to-date and critical view on Ca2+ permeable ion channels, with a major focus on TRPs, SOCs and PIEZO channels, which are modulated by tumour hypoxia and acidosis, as well as the consequent role of the altered Ca2+ signals on cancer progression hallmarks. We believe that a deeper comprehension of the Ca2+ signalling and acidic pH/hypoxia interplay will break new ground for the discovery of alternative and attractive therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelaine Magalì Audero
- U1003—PHYCEL—Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, 59000 Lille, France; (M.M.A.); (N.P.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- U1003—PHYCEL—Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, 59000 Lille, France; (M.M.A.); (N.P.)
| | - Alessandra Fiorio Pla
- U1003—PHYCEL—Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, 59000 Lille, France; (M.M.A.); (N.P.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0116704660
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Courtin AS, Mouraux A. Combining Topical Agonists With the Recording of Event-Related Brain Potentials to Probe the Functional Involvement of TRPM8, TRPA1 and TRPV1 in Heat and Cold Transduction in the Human Skin. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 23:754-771. [PMID: 34863944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
TRP channels play a central role in the transduction of thermal and nociceptive stimuli by free nerve endings. Most of the research on these channels has been conducted in vitro or in vivo in nonhuman animals and translation of these results to humans must account for potential experimental biases and interspecific differences. This study aimed at evaluating the involvement of TRPM8, TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels in the transduction of heat and cold stimuli by the human thermonociceptive system. For this purpose, we evaluated the effects of topical agonists of these 3 channels (menthol, cinnamaldehyde and capsaicin) on the event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited by phasic thermal stimuli (target temperatures: 10°C, 42°C, and 60°C) selected to activate cold Aδ thermoreceptors, warm sensitive C thermoreceptors and heat sensitive Aδ polymodal nociceptors. Sixty-four participants were recruited, 16 allocated to each agonist solution group (20% menthol, 10% cinnamaldehyde, .025% capsaicin and 1% capsaicin). Participants were treated sequentially with the active solution on one forearm and vehicle only on the other forearm for 20 minutes. Menthol decreased the amplitude and increased the latency of cold and heat ERPs. Cinnamic aldehyde decreased the amplitude and increased the latency of heat but not cold ERPs. Capsaicin decreased the amplitude and increased the latency of heat ERPs and decreased the amplitude of the N2P2 complex of the cold ERPs without affecting the earlier N1 wave or the latencies of the peaks. These findings are compatible with previous evidence indicating that TRPM8 is involved in innocuous cold transduction and that TRPV1 and TRPA1 are involved in noxious heat transduction in humans. PERSPECTIVE: By chemically modulating TRPM8, TRPA1 and TRPV1 reactivity (key molecules in the transduction of temperature) and assessing how this affected EEG responses to the activation of cold thermoreceptors and heat nociceptors, we aimed at confirming the role of these channels in a functional healthy human model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur S Courtin
- Institute of NeuroScience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - André Mouraux
- Institute of NeuroScience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Holzer AK, Suciu I, Karreman C, Goj T, Leist M. Specific Attenuation of Purinergic Signaling during Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073734. [PMID: 35409095 PMCID: PMC8998302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human peripheral neuropathies are poorly understood, and the availability of experimental models limits further research. The PeriTox test uses immature dorsal root ganglia (DRG)-like neurons, derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), to assess cell death and neurite damage. Here, we explored the suitability of matured peripheral neuron cultures for the detection of sub-cytotoxic endpoints, such as altered responses of pain-related P2X receptors. A two-step differentiation protocol, involving the transient expression of ectopic neurogenin-1 (NGN1) allowed for the generation of homogeneous cultures of sensory neurons. After >38 days of differentiation, they showed a robust response (Ca2+-signaling) to the P2X3 ligand α,β-methylene ATP. The clinical proteasome inhibitor bortezomib abolished the P2X3 signal at ≥5 nM, while 50−200 nM was required in the PeriTox test to identify neurite damage and cell death. A 24 h treatment with low nM concentrations of bortezomib led to moderate increases in resting cell intracellular Ca2+ concentration but signaling through transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) receptors or depolarization-triggered Ca2+ influx remained unaffected. We interpreted the specific attenuation of purinergic signaling as a functional cell stress response. A reorganization of tubulin to form dense structures around the cell somata confirmed a mild, non-cytotoxic stress triggered by low concentrations of bortezomib. The proteasome inhibitors carfilzomib, delanzomib, epoxomicin, and MG-132 showed similar stress responses. Thus, the model presented here may be used for the profiling of new proteasome inhibitors in regard to their side effect (neuropathy) potential, or for pharmacological studies on the attenuation of their neurotoxicity. P2X3 signaling proved useful as endpoint to assess potential neurotoxicants in peripheral neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Katharina Holzer
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (A.-K.H.); (I.S.); (C.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Ilinca Suciu
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (A.-K.H.); (I.S.); (C.K.); (T.G.)
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christiaan Karreman
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (A.-K.H.); (I.S.); (C.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Thomas Goj
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (A.-K.H.); (I.S.); (C.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (A.-K.H.); (I.S.); (C.K.); (T.G.)
- CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-7531-88-5037
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Habgood M, Seiferth D, Zaki AM, Alibay I, Biggin PC. Atomistic mechanisms of human TRPA1 activation by electrophile irritants through molecular dynamics simulation and mutual information analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4929. [PMID: 35322090 PMCID: PMC8943162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ion channel TRPA1 is a promiscuous chemosensor, with reported response to a wide spectrum of noxious electrophilic irritants, as well as cold, heat, and mechanosensation. It is also implicated in the inception of itch and pain and has hence been investigated as a drug target for novel analgesics. The mechanism of electrophilic activation for TRPA1 is therefore of broad interest. TRPA1 structures with the pore in both open and closed states have recently been published as well as covalent binding modes for electrophile agonists. However, the detailed mechanism of coupling between electrophile binding sites and the pore remains speculative. In addition, while two different cysteine residues (C621 and C665) have been identified as critical for electrophile bonding and activation, the bound geometry has only been resolved at C621. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations of TRPA1 in both pore-open and pore-closed states to explore the allosteric link between the electrophile binding sites and pore stability. Our simulations reveal that an open pore is structurally stable in the presence of open ‘pockets’ in the C621/C665 region, but rapidly collapses and closes when these pockets are shut. Binding of electrophiles at either C621 or C665 provides stabilisation of the pore-open state, but molecules bound at C665 are shown to be able to rotate in and out of the pocket, allowing for immediate stabilisation of transient open states. Finally, mutual information analysis of trajectories reveals an informational path linking the electrophile binding site pocket to the pore via the voltage-sensing-like domain, giving a detailed insight into the how the pore is stabilized in the open state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Habgood
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK. .,AWE Aldermaston, Reading, Berkshire, RG7 4PR, UK.
| | - David Seiferth
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Afroditi-Maria Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Irfan Alibay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Philip C Biggin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
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12
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Reeh PW, Fischer MJM. Nobel somatosensations and pain. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:405-420. [PMID: 35157132 PMCID: PMC8924131 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Nobel prices 2021 for Physiology and Medicine have been awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian "for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch", TRPV1 and PIEZO1/2. The present review tells the past history of the capsaicin receptor, covers further selected TRP channels, TRPA1 in particular, and deals with mechanosensitivity in general and mechanical hyperalgesia in particular. Other achievements of the laureates and translational aspects of their work are shortly treated.
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13
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Retinoic Acid-Differentiated Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Is an Accessible In Vitro Model to Study Native Human Acid-Sensing Ion Channels 1a (ASIC1a). BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020167. [PMID: 35205034 PMCID: PMC8868828 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y is used in neurobiology for studying various neuropathophysiological processes. In this study, we differentiated neuroblastoma cells into a neuronal-like phenotype with retinoic acid and studied if functional acid-sensing, transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 and ankyrin-1 ion channels were expressed in it. We found that homomeric acid-sensing ion channels 1a were expressed predominantly and yielded large ionic currents that can be modulated with different ligands. This channel plays important roles in synaptic plasticity, neurodegeneration, and pain perception. Thus, retinoic acid-treated neuroblastoma is a suitable model system for pharmacological testing on native human acid-sensing ion channels 1a. This approach can facilitate the development of new drugs for neuroprotection and pain management. Abstract Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y is a prominent neurobiological tool used for studying neuropathophysiological processes. We investigated acid-sensing (ASIC) and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) and ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) ion channels present in untreated and differentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y to propose a new means for their study in neuronal-like cells. Using a quantitative real-time PCR and a whole-cell patch-clamp technique, ion channel expression profiles, functionality, and the pharmacological actions of their ligands were characterized. A low-level expression of ASIC1a and ASIC2 was detected in untreated cells. The treatment with 10 μM of retinoic acid (RA) for 6 days resulted in neuronal differentiation that was accompanied by a remarkable increase in ASIC1a expression, while ASIC2 expression remained almost unaltered. In response to acid stimuli, differentiated cells showed prominent ASIC-like currents. Detailed kinetic and pharmacological characterization suggests that homomeric ASIC1a is a dominant isoform among the present ASIC channels. RA-treatment also reduced the expression of TRPV1 and TRPA1, and minor electrophysiological responses to their agonists were found in untreated cells. Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y treated with RA can serve as a model system to study the effects of different ligands on native human ASIC1a in neuronal-like cells. This approach can improve the characterization of modulators for the development of new neuroprotective and analgesic drugs.
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14
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Duitama M, Moreno Y, Santander SP, Casas Z, Sutachan JJ, Torres YP, Albarracín SL. TRP Channels as Molecular Targets to Relieve Cancer Pain. Biomolecules 2021; 12:1. [PMID: 35053150 PMCID: PMC8774023 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are critical receptors in the transduction of nociceptive stimuli. The microenvironment of diverse types of cancer releases substances, including growth factors, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory mediators, which modulate the activity of TRPs through the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways. The modulation of TRP channels is associated with the peripheral sensitization observed in patients with cancer, which results in mild noxious sensory stimuli being perceived as hyperalgesia and allodynia. Secondary metabolites derived from plant extracts can induce the activation, blocking, and desensitization of TRP channels. Thus, these compounds could act as potential therapeutic agents, as their antinociceptive properties could be beneficial in relieving cancer-derived pain. In this review, we will summarize the role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in pain associated with cancer and discuss molecules that have been reported to modulate these channels, focusing particularly on the mechanisms of channel activation associated with molecules released in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Duitama
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Yurany Moreno
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sandra Paola Santander
- Phytoimmunomodulation Research Group, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá 111111, Colombia;
| | - Zulma Casas
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Jhon Jairo Sutachan
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Yolima P. Torres
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Sonia L. Albarracín
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
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15
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Mini-review: The nociceptive sensory functions of the polymodal receptor Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin Type 1 (TRPA1). Neurosci Lett 2021; 764:136286. [PMID: 34624396 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 17 years since its cloning in 2003, the receptor-channel TRPA1 has received increasing attention due to its polymodal features and prominent role in pain signaling in a variety of human disease states. While evidence has been accumulating for non-neuronal TRPA1 expression, it is the presence of this channel in nociceptive nerve endings which has taken centre stage, due to its potential clinical ramifications. As a consequence, we shall focus in this review on the sensory functions of TRPA1 related to its expression in the peripheral nervous system. While substantial research has been focused on the putative role of TRPA1 in detecting irritant compounds, noxious cold and mechanical stimuli, the current overall picture is, to some extent, still cloudy. The chemosensory function of the channel is well demonstrated, as well as its involvement in the detection of oxidative and nitrosative stress; however, the other sensory features of TRPA1 have not been fully elucidated yet. The current state of the experimental evidence for these physiological roles of TRPA1 in mammals, and particularly in humans, will be discussed in this review.
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16
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Thermodynamic and structural basis of temperature-dependent gating in TRP channels. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2211-2219. [PMID: 34623379 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Living organisms require detecting the environmental thermal clues for survival, allowing them to avoid noxious stimuli or find prey moving in the dark. In mammals, the Transient Receptor Potential ion channels superfamily is constituted by 27 polymodal receptors whose activity is controlled by small ligands, peptide toxins, protons and voltage. The thermoTRP channels subgroup exhibits unparalleled temperature dependence -behaving as heat and cold sensors. Functional studies have dissected their biophysical features in detail, and the advances of single-particle Cryogenic Electron microscopy provided the structural framework required to propose detailed channel gating mechanisms. However, merging structural and functional evidence for temperature-driven gating of thermoTRP channels has been a hard nut to crack, remaining an open question nowadays. Here we revisit the highlights on the study of heat and cold sensing in thermoTRP channels in the light of the structural data that has emerged during recent years.
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17
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Páez O, Segura-Chama P, Almanza A, Pellicer F, Mercado F. Properties and Differential Expression of H + Receptors in Dorsal Root Ganglia: Is a Labeled-Line Coding for Acid Nociception Possible? Front Physiol 2021; 12:733267. [PMID: 34764880 PMCID: PMC8576393 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.733267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain by chemical irritants is one of the less well-described aspects of nociception. The acidic substance is the paradigm of the chemical noxious compound. An acidic insult on cutaneous, subcutaneous and muscle tissue results in pain sensation. Acid (or H+) has at least two main receptor channels in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) nociceptors: the heat receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and the acid-sensing ionic channels (ASICs). TRPV1 is a low-sensitivity H+ receptor, whereas ASIC channels display a higher H+ sensitivity of at least one order of magnitude. In this review, we first describe the functional and structural characteristics of these and other H+-receptor candidates and the biophysics of their responses to low pH. Additionally, we compile reports of the expression of these H+-receptors (and other possible complementary proteins) within the DRG and compare these data with mRNA expression profiles from single-cell sequencing datasets for ASIC3, ASIC1, transient receptor potential Ankiryn subtype 1 (TRPA1) and TRPV1. We show that few nociceptor subpopulations (discriminated by unbiased classifications) combine acid-sensitive channels. This comparative review is presented in light of the accumulating evidence for labeled-line coding for most noxious sensory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Páez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Nuerociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pedro Segura-Chama
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Nuerociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Cátedras CONACyT, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Angélica Almanza
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Nuerociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Pellicer
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Mercado
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Nuerociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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18
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Abstract
Tissue acidosis due to ischemia occurs under several pathological conditions and is believed to contribute to pain in these circumstances. TRPV1, TRPA1, and ASICs are known to be sensitive to acidic pH. Addressing their possible role in acidosis perception, the respective antagonists BCTC, A-967079, and amiloride were injected in the volar forearm skin of 32 healthy volunteers. To investigate possible redundancies between channels, a full-factorial study design was used. Injections were performed in a prerandomized, double-blind, and balanced design. Each injection included a three-step pH protocol from pH 7.0 over pH 6.5 to pH 6.0 with a step duration of 90 seconds. Pain was reported by volunteers on a numerical scale every 10 seconds during injections. Confirming the primary hypothesis, the combination of all 3 antagonists reduced acid-induced pain at pH 6.0. Because of the full-factorial design, it could be concluded that BCTC alone, but not A-967079 or amiloride, or any combination thereof, was responsible for the observed effects, suggesting TRPV1 as primary sensor for pH 6.0-induced pain. Surprisingly, A-967079 even enhanced pain induced by pH 6.0. In cultured mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons, TPRV1 dependence of pH 6-induced calcium responses could be confirmed. Responses of hTRPV1 to acidic stimulation showed a maximum around pH6, providing an explanation for the pH-dependent inhibition by BCTC. A-967079 sensitizes pH responses is a TRPA1-responsive dorsal root ganglion neuron population, and a direct effect of A-967079 on hTRPA1 and hTRPV1 was excluded. In conclusion, inhibiting TRPV1-mediated acidosis-induced pain could be a symptomatic and potentially also a disease-modifying approach.
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19
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang W. Quaternary Lidocaine Derivatives: Past, Present, and Future. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:195-207. [PMID: 33469271 PMCID: PMC7813469 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s291229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Local anesthetics have the advantage of complete analgesia with fewer side effects compared to systemic analgesics. However, their clinical use is limited due to their short duration of action. Thus, local anesthetics with fast onset, long duration of action, selective nociceptive block, and low local and systemic toxicity are highly desirable. In the past electrophysiological studies, quaternary lidocaine derivatives (QLDs) showed these characteristics. Here, we review electrophysiological properties of QLDs and their pharmacodynamic characteristics to shed light on potential problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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20
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Gupta A, Kumar D, Puri S, Puri V. Neuroimmune Mechanisms in Signaling of Pain During Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:424. [PMID: 32850914 PMCID: PMC7427621 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant global health concern. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, sepsis and nephrotoxicity. The unraveled interface between nervous system and immune response with specific focus on pain pathways is generating a huge interest in reference to AKI. The nervous system though static executes functions by nerve fibers throughout the body. Neuronal peptides released by nerves effect the immune response to mediate the hemodynamic system critical to the functioning of kidney. Pain is the outcome of cellular cross talk between nervous and immune systems. The widespread release of neuropeptides, neurotransmitters and immune cells contribute to bidirectional neuroimmune cross talks for pain manifestation. Recently, we have reported pain pathway genes that may pave the way to better understand such processes during AKI. An auxiliary understanding of the functions and communications in these systems will lead to novel approaches in pain management and treatment through the pathological state, specifically during acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aprajita Gupta
- Centre for Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Dev Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjeev Puri
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Veena Puri
- Centre for Systems Biology & Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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21
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Duitama M, Vargas-López V, Casas Z, Albarracin SL, Sutachan JJ, Torres YP. TRP Channels Role in Pain Associated With Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:782. [PMID: 32848557 PMCID: PMC7417429 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) are cation channels expressed in both non-excitable and excitable cells from diverse tissues, including heart, lung, and brain. The TRP channel family includes 28 isoforms activated by physical and chemical stimuli, such as temperature, pH, osmotic pressure, and noxious stimuli. Recently, it has been shown that TRP channels are also directly or indirectly activated by reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress plays an essential role in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and TRP channels are involved in the progression of those diseases by mechanisms involving changes in the crosstalk between Ca2+ regulation, oxidative stress, and production of inflammatory mediators. TRP channels involved in nociception include members of the TRPV, TRPM, TRPA, and TRPC subfamilies that transduce physical and chemical noxious stimuli. It has also been reported that pain is a complex issue in patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and adequate management of pain in those conditions is still in discussion. TRPV1 has a role in neuroinflammation, a critical mechanism involved in neurodegeneration. Therefore, some studies have considered TRPV1 as a target for both pain treatment and neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, this review aimed to describe the TRP-dependent mechanism that can mediate pain sensation in neurodegenerative diseases and the therapeutic approach available to palliate pain and neurodegenerative symptoms throughout the regulation of these channels.
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22
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Stolwijk JA, Sauer L, Ackermann K, Nassios A, Aung T, Haerteis S, Bäumner AJ, Wegener J, Schreml S. pH sensing in skin tumors: Methods to study the involvement of GPCRs, acid-sensing ion channels and transient receptor potential vanilloid channels. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:1055-1061. [PMID: 32658355 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors exhibit an inversed pH gradient with increased intracellular pH (pHi ) and decreased extracellular pH (pHe ). This inside-out pH gradient is generated via sodium/hydrogen antiporter 1, vacuolar-type H + ATPases, monocarboxylate transporters, (bi)carbonate (co)transporters and carboanhydrases. Our knowledge on how pHe -signals are sensed and what the respective receptors induce inside cells is scarce. Some pH-sensitive receptors (GPR4, GPR65/TDAG8, GPR68/OGR1, GPR132/G2A, possibly GPR31 and GPR151) and ion channels (acid-sensing ion channels ASICs, transient receptor potential vanilloid receptors TRPVs) transduce signals inside cells. As little is known on the expression and function of these pH sensors, we used immunostainings to study tissue samples from common and rare skin cancers. Our current and future work is directed towards investigating the impact of all the pH-sensing receptors in different skin tumors using cell culture techniques with selective knockdown/knockout (siRNA/CRISPR-Cas9). To study cell migration and proliferation, novel impedance-based wound healing assays have been developed and are used. The field of pH sensing in tumors and wounds holds great promise for the development of pH-targeting therapies, either against pH regulators or sensors to inhibit cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Stolwijk
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Sauer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Ackermann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anaïs Nassios
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thiha Aung
- Centre of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Antje J Bäumner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Wegener
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Schreml
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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23
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TRPA1 gene variants hurting our feelings. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:953-960. [PMID: 32444956 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02397-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TRPA1 is a Ca2+-permeable, non-selective cation channel that is activated by thermal and mechanical stimuli, an amazing variety of potentially noxious chemicals, and by endogenous molecules that signal tissue injury. The expression of this channel in nociceptive neurons and epithelial cells puts it at the first line of defense and makes it a key determinant of adaptive protective behaviors. For the same reasons, TRPA1 is implicated in a wide variety of disease conditions, such as acute, neuropathic, and inflammatory pains, and is postulated to be a target for therapeutic interventions against acquired diseases featuring aberrant sensory functions. The human TRPA1 gene can bare mutations that have been associated with painful conditions, such as the N855S that relates to the rare familial episodic pain syndrome, or others that have been linked to altered chemosensation in humans. Here, we review the current knowledge on this field, re-evaluating some available functional data, and pointing out the aspects that in our opinion require attention in future research. We make emphasis in that, although the availability of the human TRPA1 structure provides a unique opportunity for further developments, far more classical functional studies using electrophysiology and analysis of channel gating are also required to understand the structure-function relationship of this intriguing channel.
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24
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Araki M, Kanda N, Iwata H, Sagae Y, Masuda K, Okuno Y. Identification of a new class of non-electrophilic TRPA1 agonists by a structure-based virtual screening approach. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127142. [PMID: 32249116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent work has gradually been clarifying the binding site of non-electrophilic agonists on the transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1). This study searched for non-electrophilic TRPA1 agonists by means of in silico drug discovery techniques based on three-dimensional (3-D) protein structure. First, agonist-bound pocket structures were explored using an advanced molecular dynamics simulation starting from the cryo-electron microscopic structure of TRPA1, and several pocket structures suitable for virtual screening were extracted by structure evaluation using known non-electrophilic TRPA1 agonists. Next, 49 compounds were selected as new non-electrophilic agonist candidates from a library of natural products comprising 10,555 compounds by molecular docking toward these pocket structures. Measurement of the TRPA1 agonist activity of these compounds showed notable TRPA1 activation with three compounds (decanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, phenethyl butanoate). Decanol and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, which are categorized as fatty alcohols, in particular have a novel chemical scaffold for TRPA1 activation. The results of this study are expected to be of considerable use in understanding the molecular mechanism of TRPA1 recognition by non-electrophilic agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsugu Araki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoto Kanda
- Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, Suntory World Research Center, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iwata
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yukari Sagae
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Masuda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, Suntory World Research Center, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Okuno
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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25
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Sinica V, Zimova L, Barvikova K, Macikova L, Barvik I, Vlachova V. Human and Mouse TRPA1 Are Heat and Cold Sensors Differentially Tuned by Voltage. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010057. [PMID: 31878344 PMCID: PMC7016720 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel (TRPA1) serves as a key sensor for reactive electrophilic compounds across all species. Its sensitivity to temperature, however, differs among species, a variability that has been attributed to an evolutionary divergence. Mouse TRPA1 was implicated in noxious cold detection but was later also identified as one of the prime noxious heat sensors. Moreover, human TRPA1, originally considered to be temperature-insensitive, turned out to act as an intrinsic bidirectional thermosensor that is capable of sensing both cold and heat. Using electrophysiology and modeling, we compare the properties of human and mouse TRPA1, and we demonstrate that both orthologues are activated by heat, and their kinetically distinct components of voltage-dependent gating are differentially modulated by heat and cold. Furthermore, we show that both orthologues can be strongly activated by cold after the concurrent application of voltage and heat. We propose an allosteric mechanism that could account for the variability in TRPA1 temperature responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Sinica
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (K.B.); (L.M.)
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Zimova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (K.B.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (V.V.); Tel.: +420-296-442-759 (L.Z.); +420-296-442-711 (V.V.)
| | - Kristyna Barvikova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (K.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Lucie Macikova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (K.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Ivan Barvik
- Division of Biomolecular Physics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Viktorie Vlachova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (K.B.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (V.V.); Tel.: +420-296-442-759 (L.Z.); +420-296-442-711 (V.V.)
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Pattison LA, Callejo G, St John Smith E. Evolution of acid nociception: ion channels and receptors for detecting acid. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20190291. [PMID: 31544616 PMCID: PMC6790391 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nociceptors, i.e. sensory neurons tuned to detect noxious stimuli, are found in numerous phyla of the Animalia kingdom and are often polymodal, responding to a variety of stimuli, e.g. heat, cold, pressure and chemicals, such as acid. Owing to the ability of protons to have a profound effect on ionic homeostasis and damage macromolecular structures, it is no wonder that the ability to detect acid is conserved across many species. To detect changes in pH, nociceptors are equipped with an assortment of different acid sensors, some of which can detect mild changes in pH, such as the acid-sensing ion channels, proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptors and several two-pore potassium channels, whereas others, such as the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 ion channel, require larger shifts in pH. This review will discuss the evolution of acid sensation and the different mechanisms by which nociceptors can detect acid. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Evolution of mechanisms and behaviour important for pain'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ewan St John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
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Talavera K, Startek JB, Alvarez-Collazo J, Boonen B, Alpizar YA, Sanchez A, Naert R, Nilius B. Mammalian Transient Receptor Potential TRPA1 Channels: From Structure to Disease. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:725-803. [PMID: 31670612 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) channels are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels remarkably conserved through the animal kingdom. Mammals have only one member, TRPA1, which is widely expressed in sensory neurons and in non-neuronal cells (such as epithelial cells and hair cells). TRPA1 owes its name to the presence of 14 ankyrin repeats located in the NH2 terminus of the channel, an unusual structural feature that may be relevant to its interactions with intracellular components. TRPA1 is primarily involved in the detection of an extremely wide variety of exogenous stimuli that may produce cellular damage. This includes a plethora of electrophilic compounds that interact with nucleophilic amino acid residues in the channel and many other chemically unrelated compounds whose only common feature seems to be their ability to partition in the plasma membrane. TRPA1 has been reported to be activated by cold, heat, and mechanical stimuli, and its function is modulated by multiple factors, including Ca2+, trace metals, pH, and reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and carbonyl species. TRPA1 is involved in acute and chronic pain as well as inflammation, plays key roles in the pathophysiology of nearly all organ systems, and is an attractive target for the treatment of related diseases. Here we review the current knowledge about the mammalian TRPA1 channel, linking its unique structure, widely tuned sensory properties, and complex regulation to its roles in multiple pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio Alvarez-Collazo
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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Non-Analgesic Symptomatic or Disease-Modifying Potential of TRPA1. Med Sci (Basel) 2019; 7:medsci7100099. [PMID: 31547502 PMCID: PMC6836032 DOI: 10.3390/medsci7100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPA1, a versatile ion channel of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channel family, detects a large variety of chemicals and can contribute to signal processing of other stimuli, e.g., due to its sensitivity to cytosolic calcium elevation or phosphoinositolphosphate modulation. At first, TRPA1 was found on sensory neurons, where it can act as a sensor for potential or actual tissue damage that ultimately may elicit pain or itch as warning symptoms. This review provides an update regarding the analgesic and antipruritic potential of TRPA1 modulation and the respective clinical trials. Furthermore, TRPA1 has been found in an increasing amount of other cell types. Therefore, the main focus of the review is to discuss the non-analgesic and particularly the disease-modifying potential of TRPA1. This includes diseases of the respiratory system, cancer, ischemia, allergy, diabetes, and the gastrointestinal system. The involvement of TRPA1 in the respective pathophysiological cascades is so far mainly based on pre-clinical data.
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Logashina YA, Korolkova YV, Kozlov SA, Andreev YA. TRPA1 Channel as a Regulator of Neurogenic Inflammation and Pain: Structure, Function, Role in Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Potential of Ligands. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:101-118. [PMID: 31216970 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TRPA1 is a cation channel located on the plasma membrane of many types of human and animal cells, including skin sensory neurons and epithelial cells of the intestine, lungs, urinary bladder, etc. TRPA1 is the major chemosensor that also responds to thermal and mechanical stimuli. Substances that activate TRPA1, e.g., allyl isothiocyanates (pungent components of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi), cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon, organosulfur compounds from garlic and onion, tear gas, acrolein and crotonaldehyde from cigarette smoke, etc., cause burning, mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity, cough, eye irritation, sneezing, mucus secretion, and neurogenic inflammation. An increased activity of TRPA1 leads to the emergence of chronic pruritus and allergic dermatitis and is associated with episodic pain syndrome, a hereditary disease characterized by episodes of debilitating pain triggered by stress. TRPA1 is now considered as one of the targets for developing new anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. This review summarizes information on the structure, function, and physiological role of this channel, as well as describes known TRPA1 ligands and their significance as therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammation-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu A Logashina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yu V Korolkova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - S A Kozlov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Ya A Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia. .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Takayama Y, Derouiche S, Maruyama K, Tominaga M. Emerging Perspectives on Pain Management by Modulation of TRP Channels and ANO1. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3411. [PMID: 31336748 PMCID: PMC6678529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-type ion channels are critical for detection of noxious stimuli in primary sensory neurons. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels mediate pain sensations and promote a variety of neuronal signals that elicit secondary neural functions (such as calcitonin gene-related peptide [CGRP] secretion), which are important for physiological functions throughout the body. In this review, we focus on the involvement of TRP channels in sensing acute pain, inflammatory pain, headache, migraine, pain due to fungal infections, and osteo-inflammation. Furthermore, action potentials mediated via interactions between TRP channels and the chloride channel, anoctamin 1 (ANO1), can also generate strong pain sensations in primary sensory neurons. Thus, we also discuss mechanisms that enhance neuronal excitation and are dependent on ANO1, and consider modulation of pain sensation from the perspective of both cation and anion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Takayama
- Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Sandra Derouiche
- Thermal Biology group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes for Natural Sciences, 5-1 Aza-higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Kenta Maruyama
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes for Natural Sciences, 5-1 Aza-higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Thermal Biology group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes for Natural Sciences, 5-1 Aza-higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
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Giorgi S, Nikolaeva-Koleva M, Alarcón-Alarcón D, Butrón L, González-Rodríguez S. Is TRPA1 Burning Down TRPV1 as Druggable Target for the Treatment of Chronic Pain? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122906. [PMID: 31197115 PMCID: PMC6627658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, a great array of molecular mediators have been identified as potential targets for the treatment of chronic pain. Among these mediators, transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily members have been thoroughly studied. Namely, the nonselective cationic channel, transient receptor potential ankyrin subtype 1 (TRPA1), has been described as a chemical nocisensor involved in noxious cold and mechanical sensation and as rivalling TRPV1, which traditionally has been considered as the most important TRP channel involved in nociceptive transduction. However, few TRPA1-related drugs have succeeded in clinical trials. In the present review, we attempt to discuss the latest data on the topic and future directions for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Giorgi
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Magdalena Nikolaeva-Koleva
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
- AntalGenics, SL. Ed. Quorum III, Parque Científico Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - David Alarcón-Alarcón
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Laura Butrón
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Sara González-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Avda de la Univesidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
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Active metabolites of dipyrone induce a redox-dependent activation of the ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV1. Pain Rep 2019; 4:e720. [PMID: 31583344 PMCID: PMC6749899 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The nonopioid analgesic and antipyretic dipyrone (metamizol) is frequently used worldwide. Dipyrone is a prodrug, and the metabolites 4-N-methylaminoantipyrine (MAA) and 4-aminoantipyrine (AA) seem to induce analgesia and antipyresia in part by inhibiting cyclooxygenase. In mice, however, the analgesic effect of dipyrone also seems to depend on the ion channel TRPA1. In this study, we explored the effects of dipyrone and its active metabolites on recombinant and native TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels. Methods: Constructs human (h) TRPA1 and TRPV1 were expressed in HEK293 cells, and dorsal root ganglion neurons were isolated from adult mice. Effects of dipyrone, MAA, and AA were explored by means of whole-cell patch clamp recordings and ratiometric calcium imaging. Results: Dipyrone failed to activate both hTRPA1 and hTRPV1. However, both MAA and AA evoked small outwardly rectifying membrane currents and an increase of intracellular calcium in cells expressing hTRPA1 or hTRPV1. MAA also sensitized both channels and thus potentiated inward currents induced by carvacrol (hTRPA1) and protons (hTRPV1). MAA-induced activation was inhibited by the antioxidant 10-mM glutathione included in the pipette, and the mutant constructs hTRPA1-C621/C641/C665S and hTRPV1-C158A/C391S/C767S were insensitive to both MAA and AA. Mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons exhibited a marginal calcium influx when challenged with MAA. Conclusion: The metabolites MAA and AA, but not dipyrone itself, activate and sensitize the nociceptive ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 in a redox-dependent manner. These effects may be relevant for dipyrone-induced analgesia and antipyresia.
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Glitsch M. Mechano- and pH-sensing convergence on Ca 2+-mobilising proteins - A recipe for cancer? Cell Calcium 2019; 80:38-45. [PMID: 30952068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the (bio)chemical and physical microenvironment of cells accompany and often promote disease formation and progression. This is particularly well established for solid cancers, which are typically stiffer than the healthy tissue in which they arise, and often display profound acidification of their interstitial fluid. Cell surface receptors can sense changes in the mechanical and (bio)chemical properties of the surrounding extracellular matrix and fluid, and signalling through these receptors is thought to play a key role in disease development and advancement. This review will look at ion channels and G protein coupled receptors that are activated by mechanical cues and extracellular acidosis, and stimulation of which results in increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Cellular Ca2+ levels are dysregulated in cancer as well as cancer-associated cells, and mechano- and proton-sensing proteins likely contribute to these aberrant intracellular Ca2+ signals, making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Glitsch
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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A Human TRPA1-Specific Pain Model. J Neurosci 2019; 39:3845-3855. [PMID: 30862667 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3048-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The cation channel transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) plays an important role in sensing potentially hazardous substances. However, TRPA1 species differences are substantial and limit translational research. TRPA1 agonists tested previously in humans also have other targets. Therefore, the sensation generated by isolated TRPA1 activation in humans is unknown. The availability of 2-chloro-N-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-N-(3-methoxypropyl)-acetamide (JT010), a potent and specific TRPA1 agonist, allowed us to explore this issue. To corroborate the specificity of JT010, it was investigated whether the TRPA1 antagonist (1E,3E)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1-penten-3-one oxime (A-967079) abolishes JT010-elicited pain. Sixteen healthy volunteers of both sexes rated pain due to intraepidermal injections of different concentrations and combinations of the substances. The study design was a double-blind crossover study. All subjects received all types of injections, including a placebo without substances. Injections of the TRPA1 agonist dose-dependently caused pain with a half-maximal effective concentration of 0.31 μm Coinjection of A-967079 dose-dependently reduced and at a high concentration abolished JT010-induced pain. Quantification of JT010 by HPLC showed that a substantial part is adsorbed when in contact with polypropylene surfaces, but that this was overcome by handling in glass vials and injection using glass syringes. Isolated TRPA1 activation in humans causes pain. Thus, intradermal JT010 injection can serve as a tool to validate new TRPA1 antagonists concerning target engagement. More importantly, TRPA1-specific tools allow quantification of the TRPA1-dependent component in physiology and pathophysiology.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study showed that activation of the ion channel transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) alone indeed suffices to elicit pain in humans, independent of other receptors previously found to be involved in pain generation. The newly established TRPA1-specific pain model allows different applications. First, it can be tested whether diseases are associated with compromised or exaggerated TRPA1-dependent painful sensations in the skin. Second, it can be investigated whether a new, possibly systemically applied drug directed against TRPA1 engages its target in humans. Further, the general possibility of quantitative inhibition of TRPA1 allows identification of the TRPA1-dependent disease component, given that the substance reaches its target. This contributes to a better understanding of pathophysiology, can lay the basis for new therapeutic approaches, and can bridge the gap between preclinical research and clinical trials.
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Shimada T, Takahashi K, Tominaga M, Ohta T. Identification of molecular targets for toxic action by persulfate, an industrial sulfur compound. Neurotoxicology 2019; 72:29-37. [PMID: 30738091 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Persulfate salts are broadly used as industrial chemicals and exposure to them causes occupational asthma, occupational rhinitis and contact dermatitis. However, the mechanisms underlying these toxic actions are not fully elucidated. Transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid 1 (V1), ankyrin 1 (A1) and melastatin 8 (M8) are non-selective cation channels preferentially expressing sensory neurons. These channels are known to be involved in respiratory and skin diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effects of sodium persulfate on these TRP channels. In wild-type mouse sensory neurons, persulfate evoked [Ca2+]i increases that were inhibited by removal of extracellular Ca2+ or blockers of TRPA1 but not by those of TRPV1 and TRPM8. Persulfate failed to evoke [Ca2+]i responses in neurons from TRPA1(-/-) mice, but did evoke them in neurons from TRPV1(-/-) mice. In HEK 293 cells expressing mouse TRPA1 (mTRPA1-HEK), persulfate induced [Ca2+]i increases. Moreover, in HEK 293 cells expressing mouse TRPV1 (mTRPV1-HEK), a high concentration of persulfate also evoked [Ca2+]i increases. Similar [Ca2+]i responses were observed in HEK 293 cells expressing human TRPA1 and human TRPV1. Current responses were also elicited by persulfate in mTRPA1- and mTRPV1-HEK. Analysis using mutated channels revealed that persulfate acted on electrophilic agonist-sensitive cysteine residues of TRPA1, and it indirectly activated TRPV1 due to the external acidification, because of the disappearance of [Ca2+]i responses in acid-insensitive mTRPV1 mutant. These results demonstrate that persulfate activates nociceptive TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels. It is suggested that activation of these nociceptive channels may be involved in respiratory and skin injuries caused by exposure to this industrial sulfur compound. Thus, selective TRPA1 and TRPV1 channel blockers may be effective to remedy persulfate-induced toxic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Shimada
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohta
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
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Sadler KE, Stucky CL. Neuronal transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and noxious sensory detection in sickle cell disease. Neurosci Lett 2018; 694:184-191. [PMID: 30508569 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pain is the leading cause for hospitalization in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). While the characteristics of SCD pain can vary widely between patients and between phases of the disease (e.g. vasoocclusive crisis pain vs. chronic pain), similar neuronal mechanisms likely underlie the various aspects of nociceptive processing. In the peripheral nervous system, small unmyelinated C fibers and lightly-myelinated Aδ fibers detect and transmit noxious stimuli. Both classes of neurons express members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family, a group of ligand gated ion-channels that are activated by thermal, chemical, and mechanical stimuli. Promiscuous TRP channel family members are activated by a wide range of stimuli, many of which are dysregulated in patients with SCD and transgenic SCD mouse models. In 2011, our lab published the first report of TRP channel contributions to rodent SCD pain. Since that time, additional basic and clinical research efforts have investigated the genetic and biochemical status of TRP channels in SCD, placing particular focus on TRPV1. This review will discuss these advances and highlight the clinical SCD presentations that have not yet been studied, but which may be mediated by TRP channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn E Sadler
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
| | - Cheryl L Stucky
- Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel is expressed in pain-sensing neurons and other tissues and has become a major target in the development of novel pharmaceuticals. A remarkable feature of the channel is its long list of activators, many of which we are exposed to in daily life. Many of these agonists induce pain and inflammation, making TRPA1 a major target for anti-inflammatory and analgesic therapies. Studies in human patients and in experimental animals have confirmed an important role for TRPA1 in a number of pain conditions. Over the recent years, much progress has been made in elucidating the molecular structure of TRPA1 and in discovering binding sites and modulatory sites of the channel. Because the list of published mutations and important molecular sites is steadily growing and because it has become difficult to see the forest for the trees, this review aims at summarizing the current knowledge about TRPA1, with a special focus on the molecular structure and the known binding or gating sites of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis E Meents
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| | - Cosmin I Ciotu
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Michael J M Fischer
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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38
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TRPA1 Antagonists for Pain Relief. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11040117. [PMID: 30388732 PMCID: PMC6316422 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we review the literature assessing the role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a calcium-permeable non-selective cation channel, in various types of pain conditions. In the nervous system, TRPA1 is expressed in a subpopulation of nociceptive primary sensory neurons, astroglia, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. In peripheral terminals of nociceptive primary sensory neurons, it is involved in the transduction of potentially harmful stimuli and in their central terminals it is involved in amplification of nociceptive transmission. TRPA1 is a final common pathway for a large number of chemically diverse pronociceptive agonists generated in various pathophysiological pain conditions. Thereby, pain therapy using TRPA1 antagonists can be expected to be a superior approach when compared with many other drugs targeting single nociceptive signaling pathways. In experimental animal studies, pharmacological or genetic blocking of TRPA1 has effectively attenuated mechanical and cold pain hypersensitivity in various experimental models of pathophysiological pain, with only minor side effects, if any. TRPA1 antagonists acting peripherally are likely to be optimal for attenuating primary hyperalgesia (such as inflammation-induced sensitization of peripheral nerve terminals), while centrally acting TRPA1 antagonists are expected to be optimal for attenuating pain conditions in which central amplification of transmission plays a role (such as secondary hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia caused by various types of peripheral injuries). In an experimental model of peripheral diabetic neuropathy, prolonged blocking of TRPA1 has delayed the loss of nociceptive nerve endings and their function, thereby promising to provide a disease-modifying treatment.
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Niedermirtl F, Eberhardt M, Namer B, Leffler A, Nau C, Reeh PW, Kistner K. Etomidate and propylene glycol activate nociceptive TRP ion channels. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918811699. [PMID: 30345869 PMCID: PMC6856977 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918811699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etomidate is a preferred drug for the induction of general anesthesia in cardiovascular risk patients. As with propofol and other perioperatively used anesthetics, the application of aqueous etomidate formulations causes an intensive burning pain upon injection. Such algogenic properties of etomidate have been attributed to the solubilizer propylene glycol which represents 35% of the solution administered clinically. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms which lead to injection pain of aqueous etomidate formulations. RESULTS Activation of the nociceptive transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 was studied in a transfected HEK293t cell line by whole-cell voltage clamp recordings of induced inward ion currents. Calcium influx in sensory neurons of wild-type and trp knockout mice was ratiometrically measured by Fura2-AM staining. Stimulated calcitonin gene-related peptide release from mouse sciatic nerves was detected by enzyme immunoassay. Painfulness of different etomidate formulations was tested in a translational human pain model. Etomidate as well as propylene glycol proved to be effective agonists of TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channels at clinically relevant concentrations. Etomidate consistently activated TRPA1, but there was also evidence for a contribution of TRPV1 in dependence of drug concentration ranges and species specificities. Distinct N-terminal cysteine and lysine residues seemed to mediate gating of TRPA1, although the electrophile scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine did not prevent its activation by etomidate. Propylene glycol-induced activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 appeared independent of the concomitant high osmolarity. Intradermal injections of etomidate as well as propylene glycol evoked severe burning pain in the human pain model that was absent with emulsification of etomidate. CONCLUSIONS Data in our study provided evidence that pain upon injection of clinical aqueous etomidate formulations is not an unspecific effect of hyperosmolarity but rather due to a specific action mediated by activated nociceptive TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channels in sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Niedermirtl
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Eberhardt
- 2 Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara Namer
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- 2 Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carla Nau
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter W Reeh
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Kistner
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Hockley JRF, Smith ESJ, Bulmer DC. Human visceral nociception: findings from translational studies in human tissue. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G464-G472. [PMID: 29848022 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00398.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral sensitization of nociceptors during disease has long been recognized as a leading cause of inflammatory pain. However, a growing body of data generated over the last decade has led to the increased understanding that peripheral sensitization is also an important mechanism driving abdominal pain in highly prevalent functional bowel disorders, in particular, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). As such, the development of drugs that target pain-sensing nerves innervating the bowel has the potential to be a successful analgesic strategy for the treatment of abdominal pain in both organic and functional gastrointestinal diseases. Despite the success of recent peripherally restricted approaches for the treatment of IBS, not all drugs that have shown efficacy in animal models of visceral pain have reduced pain end points in clinical trials of IBS patients, suggesting innate differences in the mechanisms of pain processing between rodents and humans and, in particular, how we model disease states. To address this gap in our understanding of peripheral nociception from the viscera and the body in general, several groups have developed experimental systems to study nociception in isolated human tissue and neurons, the findings of which we discuss in this review. Studies of human tissue identify a repertoire of human primary afferent subtypes comparable to rodent models including a nociceptor population, the targeting of which will shape future analgesic development efforts. Detailed mechanistic studies in human sensory neurons combined with unbiased RNA-sequencing approaches have revealed fundamental differences in not only receptor/channel expression but also peripheral pain pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R F Hockley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Ewan St John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - David C Bulmer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
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41
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Lüling R, John H, Gudermann T, Thiermann H, Mückter H, Popp T, Steinritz D. Transient Receptor Potential Channel A1 (TRPA1) Regulates Sulfur Mustard-Induced Expression of Heat Shock 70 kDa Protein 6 ( HSPA6) In Vitro. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090126. [PMID: 30200301 PMCID: PMC6162519 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemosensory transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel perceives different sensory stimuli. It also interacts with reactive exogenous compounds including the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard (SM). Activation of TRPA1 by SM results in elevation of intracellular calcium levels but the cellular consequences are not understood so far. In the present study we analyzed SM-induced and TRPA1-mediated effects in human TRPA1-overexpressing HEK cells (HEKA1) and human lung epithelial cells (A549) that endogenously exhibit TRPA1. The specific TRPA1 inhibitor AP18 was used to distinguish between SM-induced and TRPA1-mediated or TRPA1-independent effects. Cells were exposed to 600 µM SM and proteome changes were investigated 24 h afterwards by 2D gel electrophoresis. Protein spots with differential staining levels were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nano liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Results were verified by RT-qPCR experiments in both HEKA1 or A549 cells. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 6 (HSPA6) was identified as an SM-induced and TRPA1-mediated protein. AP18 pre-treatment diminished the up-regulation. RT-qPCR measurements verified these results and further revealed a time-dependent regulation. Our results demonstrate that SM-mediated activation of TRPA1 influences the protein expression and confirm the important role of TRPA1 ion channels in the molecular toxicology of SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Lüling
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80937 Munich, Germany.
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Harald John
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80937 Munich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Horst Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80937 Munich, Germany.
| | - Harald Mückter
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Tanja Popp
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80937 Munich, Germany.
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Dirk Steinritz
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80937 Munich, Germany.
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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42
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Stanslowsky N, Tharmarasa S, Staege S, Kalmbach N, Klietz M, Schwarz SC, Leffler A, Wegner F. Calcium, Sodium, and Transient Receptor Potential Channel Expression in Human Fetal Midbrain-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:976-984. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Selma Staege
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Norman Kalmbach
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sigrid C. Schwarz
- Department For Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
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43
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Amachi R, Hiasa M, Teramachi J, Harada T, Oda A, Nakamura S, Hanson D, Watanabe K, Fujii S, Miki H, Kagawa K, Iwasa M, Endo I, Kondo T, Yoshida S, Aihara KI, Kurahashi K, Kuroda Y, Horikawa H, Tanaka E, Matsumoto T, Abe M. A vicious cycle between acid sensing and survival signaling in myeloma cells: acid-induced epigenetic alteration. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70447-70461. [PMID: 27626482 PMCID: PMC5342564 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloma (MM) cells and osteoclasts are mutually interacted to enhance MM growth while creating acidic bone lesions. Here, we explored acid sensing of MM cells and its role in MM cell response to acidic conditions. Acidic conditions activated the PI3K-Akt signaling in MM cells while upregulating the pH sensor transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) in a manner inhibitable by PI3K inhibition. The acid-activated PI3K-Akt signaling facilitated the nuclear localization of the transcription factor Sp1 to trigger the expression of its target genes, including TRPV1 and HDAC1. Consistently, histone deacetylation was enhanced in MM cells in acidic conditions, while repressing a wide variety of genes, including DR4. Indeed, acidic conditions deacetylated histone H3K9 in a DR4 gene promoter and curtailed DR4 expression in MM cells. However, inhibition of HDAC as well as either Sp1 or PI3K was able to restore DR4 expression in MM cells suppressed in acidic conditions. These results collectively demonstrate that acid activates the TRPV1-PI3K-Akt-Sp1 signaling in MM cells while inducing HDAC-mediated gene repression, and suggest that a positive feedback loop between acid sensing and the PI3K-Akt signaling is formed in MM cells, leading to MM cell response to acidic bone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Amachi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiasa
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineerings, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jumpei Teramachi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Histology and Oral Histology, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Harada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Asuka Oda
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shingen Nakamura
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Derek Hanson
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Watanabe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shiro Fujii
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Miki
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Division of Transfusion medicine and cell therapy, Tokushima University hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kagawa
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masami Iwasa
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sumiko Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Aihara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kiyoe Kurahashi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kuroda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, RIRBM, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideaki Horikawa
- Support Center for Advanced Medical Sciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshio Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Fujii Memorial Institute for Medical Research Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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44
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Moore C, Gupta R, Jordt SE, Chen Y, Liedtke WB. Regulation of Pain and Itch by TRP Channels. Neurosci Bull 2018; 34:120-142. [PMID: 29282613 PMCID: PMC5799130 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nociception is an important physiological process that detects harmful signals and results in pain perception. In this review, we discuss important experimental evidence involving some TRP ion channels as molecular sensors of chemical, thermal, and mechanical noxious stimuli to evoke the pain and itch sensations. Among them are the TRPA1 channel, members of the vanilloid subfamily (TRPV1, TRPV3, and TRPV4), and finally members of the melastatin group (TRPM2, TRPM3, and TRPM8). Given that pain and itch are pro-survival, evolutionarily-honed protective mechanisms, care has to be exercised when developing inhibitory/modulatory compounds targeting specific pain/itch-TRPs so that physiological protective mechanisms are not disabled to a degree that stimulus-mediated injury can occur. Such events have impeded the development of safe and effective TRPV1-modulating compounds and have diverted substantial resources. A beneficial outcome can be readily accomplished via simple dosing strategies, and also by incorporating medicinal chemistry design features during compound design and synthesis. Beyond clinical use, where compounds that target more than one channel might have a place and possibly have advantageous features, highly specific and high-potency compounds will be helpful in mechanistic discovery at the structure-function level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlene Moore
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Rupali Gupta
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sven-Eric Jordt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Wolfgang B Liedtke
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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45
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Eberhardt M, Stueber T, de la Roche J, Herzog C, Leffler A, Reeh PW, Kistner K. TRPA1 and TRPV1 are required for lidocaine-evoked calcium influx and neuropeptide release but not cytotoxicity in mouse sensory neurons. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188008. [PMID: 29141003 PMCID: PMC5687772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Local anaesthetics (LA) reduce neuronal excitability by inhibiting voltage-gated Na+ channels. When applied at high concentrations in the direct vicinity of nerves, LAs can also induce relevant irritation and neurotoxicity via mechanisms involving an increase of intracellular Ca2+. In the present study we explored the role of the Ca2+-permeable ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 for lidocaine-induced Ca2+-influx, neuropeptide release and neurotoxicity in mouse sensory neurons. Methods Cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from wildtype and mutant mice lacking TRPV1, TRPA1 or both channels were explored by means of calcium imaging, whole-cell patch clamp recordings and trypan blue staining for cell death. Release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from isolated mouse peripheral nerves was determined with ELISA. Results Lidocaine up to 10 mM induced a concentration-dependent reversible increase in intracellular Ca2+ in DRG neurons from wildtype and mutant mice lacking one of the two receptors, but not in neurons lacking both TRPA1 and TRPV1. 30 mM lidocaine also released Ca2+ from intracellular stores, presumably from the endoplasmic reticulum. While 10 mM lidocaine evoked an axonal CGRP release requiring expression of either TRPA1 or TRPV1, CGRP release induced by 30 mM lidocaine again mobilized internal Ca2+ stores. Lidocaine-evoked cell death required neither TRPV1 nor TRPA1. Summary Depending on the concentration, lidocaine employs TRPV1, TRPA1 and intracellular Ca2+ stores to induce a Ca2+-dependent release of the neuropeptide CGRP. Lidocaine-evoked cell death does not seem to require Ca2+ influx through TRPV1 or TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Eberhardt
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Stueber
- Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeanne de la Roche
- Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Herzog
- Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter W. Reeh
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Kistner
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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46
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Harms E, Stoetzer C, Stueber T, O'Reilly AO, Leffler A. Investigation into the role of an extracellular loop in mediating proton-evoked inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels. Neurosci Lett 2017; 661:5-10. [PMID: 28939386 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proton-evoked activation of sensory neurons is counteracted by inhibition of voltage-gated Na+ channels, and the low acid-sensitivity of sensory neuron of the African naked mole-rat (ANMr) was reported to be due to a strong proton-evoked block of ANMrNav1.7. Here we aimed to reevaluate the role of the suggested negatively-charged motif in the ANMrNav1.7 domain IV P-loop for inhibition by protons. Patch clamp recordings were performed on the recombinant α-subunits Nav1.2-1.8. The insertion of the negatively charged motif (EKE) of ANMrNav1.7 into human Nav1.7 results in an increased proton-evoked tonic inhibition, but also in a reduced channel function. While the voltage-dependency of fast inactivation is changed in hNav1.7-EKE, pH 6.4 fails to induce a significant shift in both constructs. Proton-evoked inhibition of other channel α-subunits reveals a discrete differential inhibition among α-subunits with hNav1.7 displaying the lowest proton-sensitivity. The mutant hNav1.7-EKE displays a similar proton-sensitivity as Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.6 and Nav1.8. Overall, a correlation between proton-evoked inhibition and motif charge was not evident. Accordingly, a homology model of hNav1.7 shows that the EKE motif residues do not contribute to the pore lumen. Our data confirms that a negative charge of a postulated proton-motif encodes for a high proton-sensitivity when inserted into hNav1.7. However, a negatively charged motif is not a reliable predictor for a high proton-sensitivity in other α-subunits. Given the distance of the proton-motif from the pore mouth it seems unlikely that a blocking mechanism involving direct obstruction of the pore underlies the observed proton-evoked channel inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Harms
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carsten Stoetzer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Stueber
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrias O O'Reilly
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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47
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Viana F. TRPA1 channels: molecular sentinels of cellular stress and tissue damage. J Physiol 2017; 594:4151-69. [PMID: 27079970 DOI: 10.1113/jp270935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPA1 is a non-selective cation channel expressed in mammalian peripheral pain receptors, with a major role in chemonociception. TRPA1 has also been implicated in noxious cold and mechanical pain sensation. TRPA1 has an ancient origin and plays important functions in lower organisms, including thermotaxis, mechanotransduction and modulation of lifespan. Here we highlight the role of TRPA1 as a multipurpose sensor of harmful signals, including toxic bacterial products and UV light, and as a sensor of stress and tissue damage. Sensing roles span beyond the peripheral nervous system to include major barrier tissues: gut, skin and lung. Tissue injury, environmental irritants and microbial pathogens are danger signals that can threaten the health of organisms. These signals lead to the coordinated activation of the nociceptive and the innate immune system to provide a homeostatic response trying to re-establish physiological conditions including tissue repair. Activation of TRPA1 participates in protective neuroimmune interactions at multiple levels, sensing ROS and bacterial products and triggering the release of neuropeptides. However, an exaggerated response to danger signals is maladaptive and can lead to the development of chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Viana
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
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48
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Oehler B, Kistner K, Martin C, Schiller J, Mayer R, Mohammadi M, Sauer RS, Filipovic MR, Nieto FR, Kloka J, Pflücke D, Hill K, Schaefer M, Malcangio M, Reeh PW, Brack A, Blum R, Rittner HL. Inflammatory pain control by blocking oxidized phospholipid-mediated TRP channel activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5447. [PMID: 28710476 PMCID: PMC5511297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids occurring in cell membranes and lipoproteins are converted into oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) by oxidative stress promoting atherosclerotic plaque formation. Here, OxPL were characterized as novel targets in acute and chronic inflammatory pain. Oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (OxPAPC) and its derivatives were identified in inflamed tissue by mass spectrometry and binding assays. They elicited calcium influx, hyperalgesia and induced pro-nociceptive peptide release. Genetic, pharmacological and mass spectrometric evidence in vivo as well as in vitro confirmed the role of transient receptor potential channels (TRPA1 and TRPV1) as OxPAPC targets. Treatment with the monoclonal antibody E06 or with apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide D-4F, capturing OxPAPC in atherosclerosis, prevented inflammatory hyperalgesia, and in vitro TRPA1 activation. Administration of D-4F or E06 to rats profoundly ameliorated mechanical hyperalgesia and inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis. These data reveal a clinically relevant role for OxPAPC in inflammation offering therapy for acute and chronic inflammatory pain treatment by scavenging OxPAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Oehler
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Kistner
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Corinna Martin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rafaela Mayer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Milad Mohammadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Reine-Solange Sauer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,University of Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francisco R Nieto
- Wolfson CARD, King's College London, Guys' Campus, London, United Kingdom.,University of Granada, Department of Pharmacology, Granada, Spain
| | - Jan Kloka
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Diana Pflücke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hill
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marzia Malcangio
- Wolfson CARD, King's College London, Guys' Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Reeh
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Brack
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heike L Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Haefeli J, Huie JR, Morioka K, Ferguson AR. Assessments of sensory plasticity after spinal cord injury across species. Neurosci Lett 2017; 652:74-81. [PMID: 28007646 PMCID: PMC5466896 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a multifaceted phenomenon associated with alterations in both motor function and sensory function. A majority of patients with SCI report sensory disturbances, including not only loss of sensation, but in many cases enhanced abnormal sensation, dysesthesia and pain. Development of therapeutics to treat these abnormal sensory changes require common measurement tools that can enable cross-species translation from animal models to human patients. We review the current literature on translational nociception/pain measurement in SCI and discuss areas for further development. Although a number of tools exist for measuring both segmental and affective sensory changes, we conclude that there is a pressing need for better, integrative measurement of nociception/pain outcomes across species to enhance precise therapeutic innovation for sensory dysfunction in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Haefeli
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC), Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - J Russell Huie
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC), Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Kazuhito Morioka
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC), Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Adam R Ferguson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC), Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Hypotonic solutions can cause painful sensations in nasal and ocular mucosa through molecular mechanisms that are not entirely understood. We clarified the ability of human TRPA1 (hTRPA1) to respond to physical stimulus, and evaluated the response of hTRPA1 to cell swelling under hypotonic conditions. Using a Ca2+-imaging method, we found that modulation of AITC-induced hTRPA1 activity occurred under hypotonic conditions. Moreover, cell swelling in hypotonic conditions evoked single-channel activation of hTRPA1 in a cell-attached mode when the patch pipette was attached after cell swelling under hypotonic conditions, but not before swelling. Single-channel currents activated by cell swelling were also inhibited by a known hTRPA1 blocker. Since pre-application of thapsigargin or pretreatment with the calcium chelator BAPTA did not affect the single-channel activation induced by cell swelling, changes in intracellular calcium concentrations are likely not related to hTRPA1 activation induced by physical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Fujita
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Basic Research Institute, Mandom Corp., Osaka, 540-8530, Japan.
- Laboratory of Advanced Cosmetic Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Kunitoshi Uchida
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takayama
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Suzuki
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takaishi
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Product Assurance Division, Mandom Corp., Osaka, 540-8530, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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