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Wilkins MR, Aldashev AA, Wharton J, Rhodes CJ, Vandrovcova J, Kasperaviciute D, Bhosle SG, Mueller M, Geschka S, Rison S, Kojonazarov B, Morrell NW, Neidhardt I, Surmeli NB, Surmeli NB, Aitman TJ, Stasch JP, Behrends S, Marletta MA. α1-A680T variant in GUCY1A3 as a candidate conferring protection from pulmonary hypertension among Kyrgyz highlanders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:920-9. [PMID: 25373139 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human variation in susceptibility to hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension is well recognized. High-altitude residents who do not develop pulmonary hypertension may host protective gene mutations. METHODS AND RESULTS Exome sequencing was conducted on 24 unrelated Kyrgyz highlanders living 2400 to 3800 m above sea level, 12 (10 men; mean age, 54 years) with an elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure (mean±SD, 38.7±2.7 mm Hg) and 12 (11 men; mean age, 52 years) with a normal mean pulmonary artery pressure (19.2±0.6 mm Hg) to identify candidate genes that may influence the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia. A total of 140 789 exomic variants were identified and 26 116 (18.5%) were classified as novel or rare. Thirty-three novel or rare potential pathogenic variants (frameshift, essential splice-site, and nonsynonymous) were found exclusively in either ≥3 subjects with high-altitude pulmonary hypertension or ≥3 highlanders with a normal mean pulmonary artery pressure. A novel missense mutation in GUCY1A3 in 3 subjects with a normal mean pulmonary artery pressure encodes an α1-A680T soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) variant. Expression of the α1-A680T sGC variant in reporter cells resulted in higher cyclic guanosine monophosphate production compared with the wild-type enzyme and the purified α1-A680T sGC exhibited enhanced sensitivity to nitric oxide in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The α1-A680T sGC variant may contribute to protection against high-altitude pulmonary hypertension and supports sGC as a pharmacological target for reducing pulmonary artery pressure in humans at altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Wilkins
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.).
| | - Almaz A Aldashev
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - John Wharton
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Christopher J Rhodes
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Dalia Kasperaviciute
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Shriram G Bhosle
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Michael Mueller
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Sandra Geschka
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Stuart Rison
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Inga Neidhardt
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | | | - Nur Basek Surmeli
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Tim J Aitman
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Johannes-Peter Stasch
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Soenke Behrends
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
| | - Michael A Marletta
- From the Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (M.R.W., J.W., C.J.R., S.R.); National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic (A.A.A.); Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom (J.V., T.J.A.); NIHR BRC Clinical Genome Informatics Facility, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.K., S.G.B., M.M.); Cardiology Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany (S.G., J.-P.S.); Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany (J.-P.S.); Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany (B.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.); Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Braunschweig-Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany (I.N., S.B.); and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (N.B.S., M.A.M.)
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