1
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Liu F, Ye S, Zhao L, Niu Q. The role of IGF/IGF-1R signaling in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03561-x. [PMID: 38865036 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a group of tumor cells with high tumorigenic ability and self-renewal potential similar to those of normal stem cells. CSCs are the key "seeds" for tumor development, metastasis, and recurrence. A better insight into the key mechanisms underlying CSC survival improves the efficiency of cancer therapy via specific targeting of CSCs. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling plays an important role in the maintenance of cancer stemness. However, the effect of IGF/IGF-1R signaling on stemness and CSCs and the underlying mechanisms are still controversial. Based on the similarity between CSCs and normal stem cells, this review discusses emerging data on the functions of IGF/IGF-1R signaling in normal stem cells and CSCs and dissects the underlying mechanisms by which IGF/IGF-1R signaling is involved in CSCs. On the other hand, this review highlighted the role of IGF/IGF-1R signaling blockade in multiple CSCs as a potential strategy to improve CSC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchao Liu
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Susu Ye
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liu Zhao
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghui Niu
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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2
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Galal MA, Alouch SS, Alsultan BS, Dahman H, Alyabis NA, Alammar SA, Aljada A. Insulin Receptor Isoforms and Insulin Growth Factor-like Receptors: Implications in Cell Signaling, Carcinogenesis, and Chemoresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15006. [PMID: 37834454 PMCID: PMC10573852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review thoroughly explores the intricate involvement of insulin receptor (IR) isoforms and insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGFRs) in the context of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling (IIS) pathway. This elaborate system encompasses ligands, receptors, and binding proteins, giving rise to a wide array of functions, including aspects such as carcinogenesis and chemoresistance. Detailed genetic analysis of IR and IGFR structures highlights their distinct isoforms, which arise from alternative splicing and exhibit diverse affinities for ligands. Notably, the overexpression of the IR-A isoform is linked to cancer stemness, tumor development, and resistance to targeted therapies. Similarly, elevated IGFR expression accelerates tumor progression and fosters chemoresistance. The review underscores the intricate interplay between IRs and IGFRs, contributing to resistance against anti-IGFR drugs. Consequently, the dual targeting of both receptors could present a more effective strategy for surmounting chemoresistance. To conclude, this review brings to light the pivotal roles played by IRs and IGFRs in cellular signaling, carcinogenesis, and therapy resistance. By precisely modulating these receptors and their complex signaling pathways, the potential emerges for developing enhanced anti-cancer interventions, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ahmed Galal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Samhar Samer Alouch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Buthainah Saad Alsultan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Dahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Abdullah Alyabis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Ammar Alammar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Aljada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Fitzgerald GS, Chuchta TG, McNay EC. Insulin‐like growth factor‐2 is a promising candidate for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:1449-1469. [PMID: 36971212 PMCID: PMC10173726 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Current AD treatments slow the rate of cognitive decline, but do not restore lost function. One reason for the low efficacy of current treatments is that they fail to target neurotrophic processes, which are thought to be essential for functional recovery. Bolstering neurotrophic processes may also be a viable strategy for preventative treatment, since structural losses are thought to underlie cognitive decline in AD. The challenge of identifying presymptomatic patients who might benefit from preventative treatment means that any such treatment must meet a high standard of safety and tolerability. The neurotrophic peptide insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2) is a promising candidate for both treating and preventing AD-induced cognitive decline. Brain IGF2 expression declines in AD patients. In rodent models of AD, exogenous IGF2 modulates multiple aspects of AD pathology, resulting in (1) improved cognitive function; (2) stimulation of neurogenesis and synaptogenesis; and, (3) neuroprotection against cholinergic dysfunction and beta amyloid-induced neurotoxicity. Preclinical evidence suggests that IGF2 is likely to be safe and tolerable at therapeutic doses. In the preventative treatment context, the intranasal route of administration is likely to be the preferred method for achieving the therapeutic effect without risking adverse side effects. For patients already experiencing AD dementia, routes of administration that deliver IGF2 directly access the CNS may be necessary. Finally, we discuss several strategies for improving the translational validity of animal models used to study the therapeutic potential of IGF2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - E C McNay
- University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
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4
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Lozano-Ureña A, Lázaro-Carot L, Jiménez-Villalba E, Montalbán-Loro R, Mateos-White I, Duart-Abadía P, Martínez-Gurrea I, Nakayama KI, Fariñas I, Kirstein M, Gil-Sanz C, Ferrón SR. IGF2 interacts with the imprinted gene Cdkn1c to promote terminal differentiation of neural stem cells. Development 2023; 150:286545. [PMID: 36633189 PMCID: PMC9903205 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is supported by multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) with unique properties and growth requirements. Adult NSCs constitute a reversibly quiescent cell population that can be activated by extracellular signals from the microenvironment in which they reside in vivo. Although genomic imprinting plays a role in adult neurogenesis through dose regulation of some relevant signals, the roles of many imprinted genes in the process remain elusive. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is encoded by an imprinted gene that contributes to NSC maintenance in the adult subventricular zone through a biallelic expression in only the vascular compartment. We show here that IGF2 additionally promotes terminal differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes, neurons and oligodendrocytes by inducing the expression of the maternally expressed gene cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1c (Cdkn1c), encoding the cell cycle inhibitor p57. Using intraventricular infusion of recombinant IGF2 in a conditional mutant strain with Cdkn1c-deficient NSCs, we confirm that p57 partially mediates the differentiation effects of IGF2 in NSCs and that this occurs independently of its role in cell-cycle progression, balancing the relationship between astrogliogenesis, neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lozano-Ureña
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Laura Lázaro-Carot
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Esteban Jiménez-Villalba
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Raquel Montalbán-Loro
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Isabel Mateos-White
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Pere Duart-Abadía
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Irene Martínez-Gurrea
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Keiichi I. Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Isabel Fariñas
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Martina Kirstein
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Cristina Gil-Sanz
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Sacri R. Ferrón
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain,Author for correspondence ()
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5
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Subventricular zone adult mouse neural stem cells require insulin receptor for self-renewal. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1411-1427. [PMID: 35523180 PMCID: PMC9213826 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin receptor (INSR) is an evolutionarily conserved signaling protein that regulates development and cellular metabolism. INSR signaling promotes neurogenesis in Drosophila; however, a specific role for the INSR in maintaining adult neural stem cells (NSCs) in mammals has not been investigated. We show that conditionally deleting the Insr gene in adult mouse NSCs reduces subventricular zone NSCs by ∼70% accompanied by a corresponding increase in progenitors. Insr deletion also produced hyposmia caused by aberrant olfactory bulb neurogenesis. Interestingly, hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampal-dependent behaviors were unperturbed. Highly aggressive proneural and mesenchymal glioblastomas had high INSR/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway gene expression, and isolated glioma stem cells had an aberrantly high ratio of INSR:IGF type 1 receptor. Moreover, INSR knockdown inhibited GBM tumorsphere growth. Altogether, these data demonstrate that the INSR is essential for a subset of normal NSCs, as well as for brain tumor stem cell self-renewal. Insulin receptor (INSR) is essential for adult SVZ neural stem cell self-renewal INSR deletion causes hyposmia with increased olfactory bulb neurogenesis Hippocampal stem cells (and associated behaviors) do not require INSR Glioblastomas overexpress INSR pathway components required for tumorsphere growth
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6
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Velloso FJ, Kumari E, Buono KD, Frondelli MJ, Levison SW. Analyzing mouse neural stem cell and progenitor cell proliferation using EdU incorporation and multicolor flow cytometry. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101065. [PMID: 35005647 PMCID: PMC8718722 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.101065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This protocol describes an ex vivo approach to identify and quantify the proportions of proliferating neural stem cells and progenitors of the mouse subventricular zone. It uses ethynyl deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation to identify dividing cells, combined with multicolor flow cytometry for 4 cell surface antigens to distinguish between 8 phenotypically distinct mouse neural progenitors and stem cells. It has been optimized for wild-type neonatal mice but can be used on mice of any postnatal age. For complete details on the use and execution of this profile, please refer to Kumari et al. (2020).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekta Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, Rutgers-NJMS, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | | | - Michelle J. Frondelli
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, Rutgers-NJMS, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Steven W. Levison
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, Rutgers-NJMS, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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7
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Brain Insulin Resistance: Focus on Insulin Receptor-Mitochondria Interactions. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11030262. [PMID: 33810179 PMCID: PMC8005009 DOI: 10.3390/life11030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current hypotheses implicate insulin resistance of the brain as a pathogenic factor in the development of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, Parkinson’s disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, major depression, and traumatic brain injury. A variety of genetic, developmental, and metabolic abnormalities that lead to disturbances in the insulin receptor signal transduction may underlie insulin resistance. Insulin receptor substrate proteins are generally considered to be the node in the insulin signaling system that is critically involved in the development of insulin insensitivity during metabolic stress, hyperinsulinemia, and inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests that lower activation of the insulin receptor (IR) is another common, while less discussed, mechanism of insulin resistance in the brain. This review aims to discuss causes behind the diminished activation of IR in neurons, with a focus on the functional relationship between mitochondria and IR during early insulin signaling and the related roles of oxidative stress, mitochondrial hypometabolism, and glutamate excitotoxicity in the development of IR insensitivity to insulin.
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8
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Min SK, Kim M, Park JB. Insulin-like growth factor 2-enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cell spheroids by regulation of Runx2 and Col1 expression. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:383. [PMID: 33680105 PMCID: PMC7918416 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is a growth factor that is involved in various functions of cells, including stem cells. The effects of IGF-2 on the cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation of stem cell spheroids were investigated in the present study. Stem cell spheroids were formed using concave microwells in the presence of IGF-2 at final concentrations of 0, 10 and 100 ng/ml. Cellular viability was measured qualitatively using a microscope and quantitatively using an assay kit based on water-soluble tetrazolium salt. The level of alkaline phosphatase activity, and an anthraquinone dye assay for calcium deposit evaluation, were used to assess osteogenic differentiation. A quantitative PCR analysis was conducted to evaluate the expression of Runx2 and Col1. Spheroid formation was noticed on day 1 in the microwells, and the spheroidal shape was maintained up to day 7. The cell viability assay values for IGF-2 at 0, 10 and 100 ng/ml at day 1 were 0.193±0.002, 0.191±0.002 and 0.201±0.006, respectively (P>0.05). The absorbance values at 405 nm for the alkaline phosphatase activity assays on day 21 were 0.221±0.006, 0.375±0.010 and 0.280±0.015 for IGF-2 at 0, 10 and 100 ng/ml, respectively. There were significantly higher values for IGF-2 in the 10 and 100 ng/ml groups when compared with the control (P<0.05). Significantly higher Alizarin red staining was noted for IGF-2 in the 10 ng/ml group when compared with the unloaded control at day 21 (P<0.05). Quantitative PCR revealed that mRNA levels of Runx2 and Col1 were significantly higher at 100 ng/ml on day 7. Conclusively, the present study demonstrated that the application of IGF-2 increased alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin red staining, and Runx2 and Col1 expression of stem cell spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Kyung Min
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Beom Park
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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9
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Beletskiy A, Chesnokova E, Bal N. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 As a Possible Neuroprotective Agent and Memory Enhancer-Its Comparative Expression, Processing and Signaling in Mammalian CNS. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041849. [PMID: 33673334 PMCID: PMC7918606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies performed on rodents suggest that insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) or its analogs may possibly be used for treating some conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, autistic spectrum disorders or aging-related cognitive impairment. Still, for translational research a comparative knowledge about the function of IGF-2 and related molecules in model organisms (rats and mice) and humans is necessary. There is a number of important differences in IGF-2 signaling between species. In the present review we emphasize species-specific patterns of IGF-2 expression in rodents, humans and some other mammals, using, among other sources, publicly available transcriptomic data. We provide a detailed description of Igf2 mRNA expression regulation and pre-pro-IGF-2 protein processing in different species. We also summarize the function of IGF-binding proteins. We describe three different receptors able to bind IGF-2 and discuss the role of IGF-2 signaling in learning and memory, as well as in neuroprotection. We hope that comprehensive understanding of similarities and differences in IGF-2 signaling between model organisms and humans will be useful for development of more effective medicines targeting IGF-2 receptors.
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10
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Troncoso-Escudero P, Hetz C, Vidal RL. Therapeutic potential of insulin-like growth factor 2 in Huntington's disease: controlling proteostasis to alleviate the load of misfolded protein. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1564-1565. [PMID: 33433484 PMCID: PMC8323670 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.303020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Troncoso-Escudero
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile; Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago; Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mayor, Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile; Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Rene L Vidal
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile; Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago; Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mayor, Chile
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11
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Gao T, Liu X, He B, Pan Y, Wang S. IGF2 loss of imprinting enhances colorectal cancer stem cells pluripotency by promoting tumor autophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21236-21252. [PMID: 33173015 PMCID: PMC7695407 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be the driving force behind the tumor growth. We performed this study to further explore the role of IGF2 epigenetic on CRC stem cells pluripotency which showed that IGF2 LOI CRC cells usually had a higher CD133 expression and sphere forming efficiency than MOI cells. IGF2 LOI CSCs were also found to have a higher level of autophagy than MOI CSCs. Moreover, IGF2/IR-A signal was determined to play a more important role in CSCs formation than IGF2/IGF1R. At last, by using miRNA-195 mimics, we fortunately found the increased IR-A expression might be due to the degradation of miRNA-195 in CRC. In conclusion, our results might reveal that IGF2 LOI could promote CRC stem cells pluripotency by promoting CSCs autophagy. For the degradation of miRNA-195, IGF2 showed a higher ability in interacting with overexpressed IR-A rather than IGF1R which would further activate CSCs autophagy. All these findings might provide a novel mechanistic insight into CRC diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangxiang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bangshun He
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqin Pan
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shukui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Potalitsyn P, Selicharová I, Sršeň K, Radosavljević J, Marek A, Nováková K, Jiráček J, Žáková L. A radioligand binding assay for the insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238393. [PMID: 32877466 PMCID: PMC7467306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors 2 and 1 (IGF2 and IGF1) and insulin are closely related hormones that are responsible for the regulation of metabolic homeostasis, development and growth of the organism. Physiological functions of insulin and IGF1 are relatively well-studied, but information about the role of IGF2 in the body is still sparse. Recent discoveries called attention to emerging functions of IGF2 in the brain, where it could be involved in processes of learning and memory consolidation. It was also proposed that these functions could be mediated by the receptor for IGF2 (IGF2R). Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanism of signal transduction through this receptor. Here we produced His-tagged domain 11 (D11), an IGF2-binding element of IGF2R; we immobilized it on the solid support through a well-defined sandwich, consisting of neutravidin, biotin and synthetic anti-His-tag antibodies. Next, we prepared specifically radiolabeled [125I]-monoiodotyrosyl-Tyr2-IGF2 and optimized a sensitive and robust competitive radioligand binding assay for determination of the nanomolar binding affinities of hormones for D11 of IGF2. The assay will be helpful for the characterization of new IGF2 mutants to study the functions of IGF2R and the development of new compounds for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Potalitsyn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Selicharová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kryštof Sršeň
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jelena Radosavljević
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Marek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Nováková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Jiráček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Žáková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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13
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Farabaugh SM, Litzenburger BC, Elangovan A, Pecar G, Walheim L, Atkinson JM, Lee AV. IGF1R constitutive activation expands luminal progenitors and influences lineage differentiation during breast tumorigenesis. Dev Biol 2020; 463:77-87. [PMID: 32376245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast tumors display tremendous heterogeneity in part due to varying molecular alterations, divergent cells of origin, and differentiation. Understanding where and how this heterogeneity develops is likely important for effective breast cancer eradication. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is critical for normal mammary gland development and function, and has an established role in tumor development and resistance to therapy. Here we demonstrate that constitutive activation of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) influences lineage differentiation during mammary tumorigenesis. Transgenic IGF1R constitutive activation promotes tumors with mixed histologies, multiple cell lineages and an expanded bi-progenitor population. In these tumors, IGF1R expands the luminal-progenitor population while influencing myoepithelial differentiation. Mammary gland transplantation with IGF1R-infected mammary epithelial cells (MECs) resulted in hyperplastic, highly differentiated outgrowths and attenuated reconstitution. Restricting IGF1R constitutive activation to luminal versus myoepithelial lineage-sorted MECs resulted in ductal reconstitutions co-expressing high IGF1R levels in the opposite lineage of origin. Using in vitro models, IGF1R constitutively activated MCF10A cells showed increased mammosphere formation and CD44+/CD24-population, which was dependent upon Snail and NFκB signaling. These results suggest that IGF1R expands luminal progenitor populations while also stimulating myoepithelial cell differentiation. This ability to influence lineage differentiation may promote heterogeneous mammary tumors, and have implications for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Farabaugh
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Beate C Litzenburger
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ashuvinee Elangovan
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Geoffrey Pecar
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Lauren Walheim
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Jennifer M Atkinson
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA.
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14
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Sui Y, Zhang W, Tang T, Gao L, Cao T, Zhu H, You Q, Yu B, Yang T. Insulin-like growth factor-II overexpression accelerates parthenogenetic stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes and improves cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:86. [PMID: 32102690 PMCID: PMC7045450 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1575-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parthenogenetic stem cells (PSCs) are a promising source of regenerated cardiomyocytes; however, their application may be limited without a paternal genome. Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II), a paternally expressed growth hormone, is critical in embryonic differentiation. This study investigated whether forced expression of IGF-II in PSCs can accelerate their differentiation. Methods Overexpression and re-knockdown of IGF-II in PSCs were performed to investigate the role of IGF-II in PSC differentiation. The derivatives of PSCs with different IGF-II manipulations were transplanted into infarcted murine hearts to investigate the role of IGF-II in cardiomyocyte differentiation in vivo. Results Data showed that the expression of cardiac troponin T and troponin I in IGF-II-PSC outgrowths preceded that of parental PSC outgrowths, suggesting that IGF-II can accelerate PSC differentiation into cardiac lineage. Overexpression of IGF-II accelerated PSC differentiation towards cardiomyocytes while inhibiting PSC proliferation via the IGF-II/IGF1R signaling. Similar to that observed in cardiac marker expression, on differentiation day 24, IGF-II-PSCs showed PCNA and cyclin D2 expression comparable to juvenile mouse cardiomyocytes, showing that IGF-II-PSCs at this stage possess differential and proliferative properties similar to those of juvenile cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the expression pattern of cardiac markers in IGF-II-overexpressing PSC derivatives resembled that of juvenile mouse cardiomyocytes. After transplantation into the infarcted mouse hearts, IGF-II-PSC-derived cardiomyocytes displayed significant characteristics of mature cardiomyocytes, and IGF-II-depletion by shRNA significantly reversed these effects, suggesting the critical role of IGF-II in promoting cardiomyocyte maturation in vivo. Furthermore, IGF-II-overexpressing PSC derivatives reduced collagen deposition and mitochondrial damage in the infarcted areas and improved cardiac function. The re-knockdown of IGF-II could counteract these favorable effects of IGF-II. Conclusions These findings suggest that the ectopic expression of IGF-II accelerates PSC differentiation into the cardiac lineage and promotes cardiomyocyte maturation. The underlying process includes the IGF-II/IGF1R signaling, which is involved in the suppressive effect of IGF-II on PSC proliferation. Moreover, transplanting IGF-II-overexpressing PSC derivatives into the infarcted heart could reduce collagen deposition and improve mitochondria biogenesis and measurements of cardiac function, highlighting the importance of IGF-II in the application of PSCs in cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sui
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lili Gao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Hongbo Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Qinghua You
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China.
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15
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Horowitz LB, Brandt JP, Ringstad N. Repression of an activity-dependent autocrine insulin signal is required for sensory neuron development in C. elegans. Development 2019; 146:dev.182873. [PMID: 31628111 DOI: 10.1242/dev.182873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nervous system development is instructed by genetic programs and refined by distinct mechanisms that couple neural activity to gene expression. How these processes are integrated remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the regulated release of insulin-like peptides (ILPs) during development of the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system accomplishes such an integration. We find that the p38 MAP kinase PMK-3, which is required for the differentiation of chemosensory BAG neurons, limits an ILP signal that represses expression of a BAG neuron fate. ILPs are released from BAGs themselves in an activity-dependent manner during development, indicating that ILPs constitute an autocrine signal that regulates the differentiation of BAG neurons. Expression of a specialized neuronal fate is, therefore, coordinately regulated by a genetic program that sets levels of ILP expression during development, and by neural activity, which regulates ILP release. Autocrine signals of this kind might have general and conserved functions as integrators of deterministic genetic programs with activity-dependent mechanisms during neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Bayer Horowitz
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Julia P Brandt
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Niels Ringstad
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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16
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Vella V, Malaguarnera R, Nicolosi ML, Morrione A, Belfiore A. Insulin/IGF signaling and discoidin domain receptors: An emerging functional connection. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118522. [PMID: 31394114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The insulin/insulin-like growth factor system (IIGFs) plays a fundamental role in the regulation of prenatal and postnatal growth, metabolism and homeostasis. As a consequence, dysregulation of this axis is associated with growth disturbance, type 2 diabetes, chronic inflammation and tumor progression. A functional crosstalk between IIGFs and discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) has been recently discovered. DDRs are non-integrin collagen receptors that canonically undergo slow and long-lasting autophosphorylation after binding to fibrillar collagen. While both DDR1 and DDR2 functionally interact with IIGFs, the crosstalk with DDR1 is so far better characterized. Notably, the IIGFs-DDR1 crosstalk presents a feed-forward mechanism, which does not require collagen binding, thus identifying novel non-canonical action of DDR1. Further studies are needed to fully explore the role of this IIGFs-DDRs functional loop as potential target in the treatment of inflammatory and neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Nicolosi
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy.
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17
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Jin J, Ravindran P, Di Meo D, Püschel AW. Igf1R/InsR function is required for axon extension and corpus callosum formation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219362. [PMID: 31318893 PMCID: PMC6638864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the earliest steps during the development of the nervous system is the establishment of neuronal polarity and the formation of an axon. The intrinsic mechanisms that promote axon formation have been extensively analyzed. However, much less is known about the extrinsic signals that initiate axon formation. One of the candidates for these signals is Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) that acts through the Igf1 (Igf1R) and insulin receptors (InsR). Since Igf1R and InsR may act redundantly we analyzed conditional cortex-specific knockout mice that are deficient for both Igf1r and Insr to determine if they regulate the development of the cortex and the formation of axons in vivo. Our results show that Igf1R/InsR function is required for the normal development of the embryonic hippocampus and cingulate cortex while the lateral cortex does not show apparent defects in the Igf1r;Insr knockout. In the cingulate cortex, the number of intermediate progenitors and deep layer neurons is reduced and the corpus callosum is absent at E17. However, cortical organization and axon formation are not impaired in knockout embryos. In culture, cortical and hippocampal neurons from Igf1r;Insr knockout embryos extend an axon but the length of this axon is severely reduced. Our results indicate that Igf1R/InsR function is required for brain development in a region-specific manner and promotes axon growth but is not essential for neuronal polarization and migration in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Danila Di Meo
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas W. Püschel
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- * E-mail:
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18
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Ziegler AN, Feng Q, Chidambaram S, Testai JM, Kumari E, Rothbard DE, Constancia M, Sandovici I, Cominski T, Pang K, Gao N, Wood TL, Levison SW. Insulin-like Growth Factor II: An Essential Adult Stem Cell Niche Constituent in Brain and Intestine. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:816-830. [PMID: 30905741 PMCID: PMC6450461 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific stem cells have unique properties and growth requirements, but a small set of juxtacrine and paracrine signals have been identified that are required across multiple niches. Whereas insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) is necessary for prenatal growth, its role in adult stem cell physiology is largely unknown. We show that loss of Igf2 in adult mice resulted in a ∼50% reduction in slowly dividing, label-retaining cells in the two regions of the brain that harbor neural stem cells. Concordantly, induced Igf2 deletion increased newly generated neurons in the olfactory bulb accompanied by hyposmia, and caused impairments in learning and memory and increased anxiety. Induced Igf2 deletion also resulted in rapid loss of stem and progenitor cells in the crypts of Lieberkühn, leading to body-weight loss and lethality and the inability to produce organoids in vitro. These data demonstrate that IGF-II is critical for multiple adult stem cell niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N. Ziegler
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Shravanthi Chidambaram
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jaimie M. Testai
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Ekta Kumari
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Deborah E. Rothbard
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Miguel Constancia
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK,National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK,Centre for Trophoblast Research, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Ionel Sandovici
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK,Centre for Trophoblast Research, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Tara Cominski
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Kevin Pang
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Teresa L. Wood
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Steven W. Levison
- Department Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA,Corresponding author
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19
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Torán JL, López JA, Gomes-Alves P, Aguilar S, Torroja C, Trevisan-Herraz M, Moscoso I, Sebastião MJ, Serra M, Brito C, Cruz FM, Sepúlveda JC, Abad JL, Galán-Arriola C, Ibanez B, Martínez F, Fernández ME, Fernández-Aviles F, Palacios I, R-Borlado L, Vázquez J, Alves PM, Bernad A. Definition of a cell surface signature for human cardiac progenitor cells after comprehensive comparative transcriptomic and proteomic characterization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4647. [PMID: 30874584 PMCID: PMC6420620 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult cardiac progenitor/stem cells (CPC/CSC) are multipotent resident populations involved in cardiac homeostasis and heart repair. Assisted by complementary RNAseq analysis, we defined the fraction of the CPC proteome associable with specific functions by comparison with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), the reference population for cell therapy, and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), as a distant reference. Label-free proteomic analysis identified 526 proteins expressed differentially in CPC. iTRAQ analysis confirmed differential expression of a substantial proportion of those proteins in CPC relative to MSC, and systems biology analysis defined a clear overrepresentation of several categories related to enhanced angiogenic potential. The CPC plasma membrane compartment comprised 1,595 proteins, including a minimal signature of 167 proteins preferentially or exclusively expressed by CPC. CDH5 (VE-cadherin), OX2G (OX-2 membrane glycoprotein; CD200), GPR4 (G protein-coupled receptor 4), CACNG7 (calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 7) and F11R (F11 receptor; junctional adhesion molecule A; JAM-A; CD321) were selected for validation. Their differential expression was confirmed both in expanded CPC batches and in early stages of isolation, particularly when compared against cardiac fibroblasts. Among them, GPR4 demonstrated the highest discrimination capacity between all cell lineages analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Torán
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio López
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gomes-Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Susana Aguilar
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Torroja
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Trevisan-Herraz
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Moscoso
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,CIMUS, Avda Barcelona s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782A, Coruña, Spain
| | - Maria João Sebastião
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Catarina Brito
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Cruz
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Sepúlveda
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Abad
- Coretherapix S.L. U. Santiago Grisolia 2, 28769, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Galán-Arriola
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Fernández
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, C/ Dr Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Fernández-Aviles
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, C/ Dr Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Palacios
- Coretherapix S.L. U. Santiago Grisolia 2, 28769, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis R-Borlado
- Coretherapix S.L. U. Santiago Grisolia 2, 28769, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula M Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Pomytkin I, Costa‐Nunes JP, Kasatkin V, Veniaminova E, Demchenko A, Lyundup A, Lesch K, Ponomarev ED, Strekalova T. Insulin receptor in the brain: Mechanisms of activation and the role in the CNS pathology and treatment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:763-774. [PMID: 29691988 PMCID: PMC6489906 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While the insulin receptor (IR) was found in the CNS decades ago, the brain was long considered to be an insulin-insensitive organ. This view is currently revisited, given emerging evidence of critical roles of IR-mediated signaling in development, neuroprotection, metabolism, and plasticity in the brain. These diverse cellular and physiological IR activities are distinct from metabolic IR functions in peripheral tissues, thus highlighting region specificity of IR properties. This particularly concerns the fact that two IR isoforms, A and B, are predominantly expressed in either the brain or peripheral tissues, respectively, and neurons express exclusively IR-A. Intriguingly, in comparison with IR-B, IR-A displays high binding affinity and is also activated by low concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), a regulator of neuronal plasticity, whose dysregulation is associated with neuropathologic processes. Deficiencies in IR activation, insulin availability, and downstream IR-related mechanisms may result in aberrant IR-mediated functions and, subsequently, a broad range of brain disorders, including neurodevelopmental syndromes, neoplasms, neurodegenerative conditions, and depression. Here, we discuss findings on the brain-specific features of IR-mediated signaling with focus on mechanisms of primary receptor activation and their roles in the neuropathology. We aimed to uncover the remaining gaps in current knowledge on IR physiology and highlight new therapies targeting IR, such as IR sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pomytkin
- Department of Advanced Cell TechnologiesInstitute of Regenerative MedicineSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - João P. Costa‐Nunes
- Department of Normal PhysiologyLaboratory of Psychiatric NeurobiologyInstitute of Molecular MedicineSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
- Faculdade de Medicina de LisboaInstituto de Medicina MolecularUniversidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Vladimir Kasatkin
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and ImmunologyMoscowRussia
| | - Ekaterina Veniaminova
- Department of Normal PhysiologyLaboratory of Psychiatric NeurobiologyInstitute of Molecular MedicineSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of Cognitive DysfunctionsInstitute of General Pathology and PathophysiologyMoscowRussia
- Department of NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Anna Demchenko
- Department of Advanced Cell TechnologiesInstitute of Regenerative MedicineSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Alexey Lyundup
- Department of Advanced Cell TechnologiesInstitute of Regenerative MedicineSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Klaus‐Peter Lesch
- Department of Normal PhysiologyLaboratory of Psychiatric NeurobiologyInstitute of Molecular MedicineSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
- Department of NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Division of Molecular PsychiatryCenter of Mental HealthClinical Research Unit on Disorders of Neurodevelopment and CognitionUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Eugene D. Ponomarev
- Faculty of MedicineSchool of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Normal PhysiologyLaboratory of Psychiatric NeurobiologyInstitute of Molecular MedicineSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of Cognitive DysfunctionsInstitute of General Pathology and PathophysiologyMoscowRussia
- Department of NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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21
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Yak IGF2 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation Via Suppression of IGF1R and PI3KCG Expression. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9030169. [PMID: 29558395 PMCID: PMC5867890 DOI: 10.3390/genes9030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) recapitulates many of the activities of insulin and promotes differentiation of myoblasts and osteoblasts, which likely contribute to genetic variations of growth potential. However, little is known about the functions and signaling properties of IGF2 variants in yaks. The over-expression vector and knockdown sequence of yak IGF2 were transfected into yak fibroblasts, and the effects were detected by a series of assays. IGF2 expression in yak muscle tissues was significantly lower than that of other tissues. In yak fibroblasts, the up-regulated expression of IGF2 inhibits expression of IGF1 and insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) and significantly up-regulates expression of IGF1R. Inhibition of IGF2 expression caused the up-regulates expression of IGF1, IGF1R and IGF2R. Both over-expression and knockdown of IGF2 resulted in up-regulation of threonine protein kinase 1 (Akt1) expression and down-regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, catalytic subunit gamma (PIK3CG). Cell cycle and cell proliferation assays revealed that over-expression of IGF2 enhanced the DNA synthesis phase and promoted yak fibroblasts proliferation. Conversely, knockdown of IGF2 decreased DNA synthesis and inhibited proliferation. These results suggested that IGF2 was negatively correlated with IGF1R and PIK3CG and demonstrated an association with the IGFs-PI3K-Akt (IGFs-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase- threonine protein kinase) pathway in cell proliferation and provided evidence supporting the functional role of IGF2 for use in improving the production performance of yaks.
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22
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Impact of morphine on the expression of insulin receptor and protein levels of insulin/IGFs in rat neural stem cells. Neurosci Lett 2017; 660:147-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Belfiore A, Malaguarnera R, Vella V, Lawrence MC, Sciacca L, Frasca F, Morrione A, Vigneri R. Insulin Receptor Isoforms in Physiology and Disease: An Updated View. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:379-431. [PMID: 28973479 PMCID: PMC5629070 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The insulin receptor (IR) gene undergoes differential splicing that generates two IR isoforms, IR-A and IR-B. The physiological roles of IR isoforms are incompletely understood and appear to be determined by their different binding affinities for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), particularly for IGF-2. Predominant roles of IR-A in prenatal growth and development and of IR-B in metabolic regulation are well established. However, emerging evidence indicates that the differential expression of IR isoforms may also help explain the diversification of insulin and IGF signaling and actions in various organs and tissues by involving not only different ligand-binding affinities but also different membrane partitioning and trafficking and possibly different abilities to interact with a variety of molecular partners. Of note, dysregulation of the IR-A/IR-B ratio is associated with insulin resistance, aging, and increased proliferative activity of normal and neoplastic tissues and appears to sustain detrimental effects. This review discusses novel information that has generated remarkable progress in our understanding of the physiology of IR isoforms and their role in disease. We also focus on novel IR ligands and modulators that should now be considered as an important strategy for better and safer treatment of diabetes and cancer and possibly other IR-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Malaguarnera
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Veronica Vella
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University Kore of Enna, via della Cooperazione, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Michael C. Lawrence
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Laura Sciacca
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Urology and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
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24
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Dumont CM, Piselli JM, Kazi N, Bowman E, Li G, Linhardt RJ, Temple S, Dai G, Thompson DM. Factors Released from Endothelial Cells Exposed to Flow Impact Adhesion, Proliferation, and Fate Choice in the Adult Neural Stem Cell Lineage. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1199-1213. [PMID: 28557666 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microvasculature within the neural stem cell (NSC) niche promotes self-renewal and regulates lineage progression. Previous work identified endothelial-produced soluble factors as key regulators of neural progenitor cell (NPC) fate and proliferation; however, endothelial cells (ECs) are sensitive to local hemodynamics, and the effect of this key physiological process has not been defined. In this study, we evaluated adult mouse NPC response to soluble factors isolated from static or dynamic (flow) EC cultures. Endothelial factors generated under dynamic conditions significantly increased neuronal differentiation, while those released under static conditions stimulated oligodendrocyte differentiation. Flow increases EC release of neurogenic factors and of heparin sulfate glycosaminoglycans that increase their bioactivity, likely underlying the enhanced neuronal differentiation. Additionally, endothelial factors, especially from static conditions, promoted adherent growth. Together, our data suggest that blood flow may impact proliferation, adhesion, and the neuron-glial fate choice of adult NPCs, with implications for diseases and aging that reduce flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Dumont
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Jennifer M Piselli
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Nadeem Kazi
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Evan Bowman
- 2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Guoyun Li
- 2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,3 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- 2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,3 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Sally Temple
- 4 Neural Stem Cell Institute , Rensselaer, New York
| | - Guohao Dai
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Deanna M Thompson
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,2 Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
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25
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Martín-Montañez E, Millon C, Boraldi F, Garcia-Guirado F, Pedraza C, Lara E, Santin LJ, Pavia J, Garcia-Fernandez M. IGF-II promotes neuroprotection and neuroplasticity recovery in a long-lasting model of oxidative damage induced by glucocorticoids. Redox Biol 2017; 13:69-81. [PMID: 28575743 PMCID: PMC5454142 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) is a naturally occurring hormone that exerts neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases and ageing. Accumulating evidence suggests that the effects of IGF-II in the brain may be explained by its binding to the specific transmembrane receptor, IGFII/M6P receptor (IGF-IIR). However, relatively little is known regarding the role of IGF-II through IGF-IIR in neuroprotection. Here, using adult cortical neuronal cultures, we investigated whether IGF-II exhibits long-term antioxidant effects and neuroprotection at the synaptic level after oxidative damage induced by high and transient levels of corticosterone (CORT). Furthermore, the involvement of the IGF-IIR was also studied to elucidate its role in the neuroprotective actions of IGF-II. We found that neurons treated with IGF-II after CORT incubation showed reduced oxidative stress damage and recovered antioxidant status (normalized total antioxidant status, lipid hydroperoxides and NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase activity). Similar results were obtained when mitochondria function was analysed (cytochrome c oxidase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential and subcellular mitochondrial distribution). Furthermore, neuronal impairment and degeneration were also assessed (synaptophysin and PSD-95 expression, presynaptic function and FluoroJade B® stain). IGF-II was also able to recover the long-lasting neuronal cell damage. Finally, the effects of IGF-II were not blocked by an IGF-IR antagonist, suggesting the involvement of IGF-IIR. Altogether these results suggest that, in or model, IGF-II through IGF-IIR is able to revert the oxidative damage induced by CORT. In accordance with the neuroprotective role of the IGF-II/IGF-IIR reported in our study, pharmacotherapy approaches targeting this pathway may be useful for the treatment of diseases associated with cognitive deficits (i.e., neurodegenerative disorders, depression, etc.). First evidence that IGF-II reverts oxidative synaptic damage produced by corticoids. IGF-II recovers mitochondrial function in synapses after oxidative damage. IGF-II restores mitochondrial distribution in neurons after oxidative damage. Evidence of the involvement of IGF-II receptor in the recovery of synaptic function. IGF-II reverts neurodegeneration induced by oxidative damage produced by corticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martín-Montañez
- Department of Pharmacology and Paediatrics, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - C Millon
- Department of Human Physiology, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - F Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - F Garcia-Guirado
- Department of Human Physiology, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - C Pedraza
- Department of Psychobiology, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - E Lara
- Department of Human Physiology, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - L J Santin
- Department of Psychobiology, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - J Pavia
- Department of Pharmacology and Paediatrics, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
| | - M Garcia-Fernandez
- Department of Human Physiology, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
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26
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The Roles of Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Niche. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:9453108. [PMID: 28298931 PMCID: PMC5337393 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9453108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many tissues contain adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which may be used in tissue regeneration therapies. However, the MSC availability in most tissues is limited which demands expansion in vitro following isolation. Like many developing cells, the state of MSCs is affected by the surrounding microenvironment, and mimicking this natural microenvironment that supports multipotent or differentiated state in vivo is essential to understand for the successful use of MSC in regenerative therapies. Many researchers are, therefore, optimizing cell culture conditions in vitro by altering growth factors, extracellular matrices, chemicals, oxygen tension, and surrounding pH to enhance stem cells self-renewal or differentiation. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) system has been demonstrated to play an important role in stem cell biology to either promote proliferation and self-renewal or enhance differentiation onset and outcome, depending on the cell culture conditions. In this review, we will describe the importance of IGFs, IGF-1 and IGF-2, in development and in the MSC niche and how they affect the pluripotency or differentiation towards multiple lineages of the three germ layers.
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27
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Calderon D, Bardot E, Dubois N. Probing early heart development to instruct stem cell differentiation strategies. Dev Dyn 2016; 245:1130-1144. [PMID: 27580352 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientists have studied organs and their development for centuries and, along that path, described models and mechanisms explaining the developmental principles of organogenesis. In particular, with respect to the heart, new fundamental discoveries are reported continuously that keep changing the way we think about early cardiac development. These discoveries are driven by the need to answer long-standing questions regarding the origin of the earliest cells specified to the cardiac lineage, the differentiation potential of distinct cardiac progenitor cells, and, very importantly, the molecular mechanisms underlying these specification events. As evidenced by numerous examples, the wealth of developmental knowledge collected over the years has had an invaluable impact on establishing efficient strategies to generate cardiovascular cell types ex vivo, from either pluripotent stem cells or via direct reprogramming approaches. The ability to generate functional cardiovascular cells in an efficient and reliable manner will contribute to therapeutic strategies aimed at alleviating the increasing burden of cardiovascular disease and morbidity. Here we will discuss the recent discoveries in the field of cardiac progenitor biology and their translation to the pluripotent stem cell model to illustrate how developmental concepts have instructed regenerative model systems in the past and promise to do so in the future. Developmental Dynamics 245:1130-1144, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damelys Calderon
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Evan Bardot
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Dubois
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA
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28
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Hexnerová R, Křížková K, Fábry M, Sieglová I, Kedrová K, Collinsová M, Ullrichová P, Srb P, Williams C, Crump MP, Tošner Z, Jiráček J, Veverka V, Žáková L. Probing Receptor Specificity by Sampling the Conformational Space of the Insulin-like Growth Factor II C-domain. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21234-21245. [PMID: 27510031 PMCID: PMC5076530 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.741041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factors I and II are closely related protein hormones. Their distinct evolution has resulted in different yet overlapping biological functions with insulin becoming a key regulator of metabolism, whereas insulin-like growth factors (IGF)-I/II are major growth factors. Insulin and IGFs cross-bind with different affinities to closely related insulin receptor isoforms A and B (IR-A and IR-B) and insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF-1R). Identification of structural determinants in IGFs and insulin that trigger their specific signaling pathways is of increasing importance in designing receptor-specific analogs with potential therapeutic applications. Here, we developed a straightforward protocol for production of recombinant IGF-II and prepared six IGF-II analogs with IGF-I-like mutations. All modified molecules exhibit significantly reduced affinity toward IR-A, particularly the analogs with a Pro-Gln insertion in the C-domain. Moreover, one of the analogs has enhanced binding affinity for IGF-1R due to a synergistic effect of the Pro-Gln insertion and S29N point mutation. Consequently, this analog has almost a 10-fold higher IGF-1R/IR-A binding specificity in comparison with native IGF-II. The established IGF-II purification protocol allowed for cost-effective isotope labeling required for a detailed NMR structural characterization of IGF-II analogs that revealed a link between the altered binding behavior of selected analogs and conformational rearrangement of their C-domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozálie Hexnerová
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Květoslava Křížková
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Fábry
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic, and
| | - Irena Sieglová
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kedrová
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Collinsová
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Ullrichová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Srb
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Christopher Williams
- Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P Crump
- Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Zdeněk Tošner
- Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Jiráček
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Veverka
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic,
| | - Lenka Žáková
- From the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic,
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29
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Křížková K, Chrudinová M, Povalová A, Selicharová I, Collinsová M, Vaněk V, Brzozowski AM, Jiráček J, Žáková L. Insulin–Insulin-like Growth Factors Hybrids as Molecular Probes of Hormone:Receptor Binding Specificity. Biochemistry 2016; 55:2903-13. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Květoslava Křížková
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science,
Department of Biochemistry, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Chrudinová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science,
Department of Biochemistry, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Povalová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science,
Department of Biochemistry, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Selicharová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Collinsová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Vaněk
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Andrzej M. Brzozowski
- York
Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jiří Jiráček
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Žáková
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
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30
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Westermeier F, Sáez T, Arroyo P, Toledo F, Gutiérrez J, Sanhueza C, Pardo F, Leiva A, Sobrevia L. Insulin receptor isoforms: an integrated view focused on gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016; 32:350-65. [PMID: 26431063 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The human insulin receptor (IR) exists in two isoforms that differ by the absence (IR-A) or the presence (IR-B) of a 12-amino acid segment encoded by exon 11. Both isoforms are functionally distinct regarding their binding affinities and intracellular signalling. However, the underlying mechanisms related to their cellular functions in several tissues are only partially understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge in this field regarding the alternative splicing of IR isoform, tissue-specific distribution and signalling both in physiology and disease, with an emphasis on the human placenta in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Furthermore, we discuss the clinical relevance of IR isoforms highlighted by findings that show altered insulin signalling due to differential IR-A and IR-B expression in human placental endothelium in GDM pregnancies. Future research and clinical studies focused on the role of IR isoform signalling might provide novel therapeutic targets for treating GDM to improve the adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Westermeier
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Centre for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - T Sáez
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Faculty of Medicine, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Arroyo
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Toledo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - J Gutiérrez
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Cellular Signalling and Differentiation Laboratory (CSDL), School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Sanhueza
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Pardo
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Leiva
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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31
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Terauchi A, Johnson-Venkatesh EM, Bullock B, Lehtinen MK, Umemori H. Retrograde fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF22) signaling regulates insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) expression for activity-dependent synapse stabilization in the mammalian brain. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27083047 PMCID: PMC4868541 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Communication between pre- and postsynaptic cells promotes the initial organization of synaptic specializations, but subsequent synaptic stabilization requires transcriptional regulation. Here we show that fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF22), a target-derived presynaptic organizer in the mouse hippocampus, induces the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) for the stabilization of presynaptic terminals. FGF22 is released from CA3 pyramidal neurons and organizes the differentiation of excitatory nerve terminals formed onto them. Local application of FGF22 on the axons of dentate granule cells (DGCs), which are presynaptic to CA3 pyramidal neurons, induces IGF2 in the DGCs. IGF2, in turn, localizes to DGC presynaptic terminals and stabilizes them in an activity-dependent manner. IGF2 application rescues presynaptic defects of Fgf22(-/-) cultures. IGF2 is dispensable for the initial presynaptic differentiation, but is required for the following presynaptic stabilization both in vitro and in vivo. These results reveal a novel feedback signal that is critical for the activity-dependent stabilization of presynaptic terminals in the mammalian hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Terauchi
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Erin M Johnson-Venkatesh
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Brenna Bullock
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Maria K Lehtinen
- Department of Pathology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Hisashi Umemori
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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32
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Flannery CA, Rowzee AM, Choe GH, Saleh FL, Radford CC, Taylor HS, Wood TL. Development of a Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor and Insulin Receptor Isoforms. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1702-8. [PMID: 26862994 PMCID: PMC4816738 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The biological activity of insulin and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) ligands, IGF-I and IGF-II, is based in part on the relative abundance and distribution of their target receptors: the insulin receptor (IR) splice variants A (IR-A) and B (IR-B) and IGF 1 receptor (IGF-1R). However, the relative quantity of all three receptors in human tissues has never been measured together on the same scale. Due to the high homology between insulin receptor (IR)-A and IR-B proteins and lack of antibodies that discern the two IR splice variants, their mRNA sequence is the most reliable means of distinguishing between the receptors. Hence, highly specific primers for IR-A, IR-B, and IGF-1R mRNA were designed to accurately detect all three receptors by quantitative RT-PCR and enable direct quantification of relative receptor expression levels. A standard concentration curve of cDNA from each receptor was performed. Assay specificity was tested using competition assays and postamplification analysis by gel electrophoresis and cloning. Forward and reverse primer concentrations were optimized to ensure equal efficiencies across primer pairs. This assay enables a specific molecular signature of IGF/insulin signaling receptors to be assayed in different tissues, cell types, or cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare A Flannery
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (C.A.F., G.H.C., F.L.S., C.C.R., H.S.T.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Cancer Center (A.M.R., T.L.W.), New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Anne M Rowzee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (C.A.F., G.H.C., F.L.S., C.C.R., H.S.T.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Cancer Center (A.M.R., T.L.W.), New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Gina H Choe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (C.A.F., G.H.C., F.L.S., C.C.R., H.S.T.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Cancer Center (A.M.R., T.L.W.), New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Farrah L Saleh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (C.A.F., G.H.C., F.L.S., C.C.R., H.S.T.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Cancer Center (A.M.R., T.L.W.), New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Caitlin C Radford
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (C.A.F., G.H.C., F.L.S., C.C.R., H.S.T.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Cancer Center (A.M.R., T.L.W.), New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (C.A.F., G.H.C., F.L.S., C.C.R., H.S.T.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Cancer Center (A.M.R., T.L.W.), New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (C.A.F., G.H.C., F.L.S., C.C.R., H.S.T.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; and Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Cancer Center (A.M.R., T.L.W.), New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103
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Yiou R, Mahrouf-Yorgov M, Trébeau C, Zanaty M, Lecointe C, Souktani R, Zadigue P, Figeac F, Rodriguez AM. Delivery of human mesenchymal adipose-derived stem cells restores multiple urological dysfunctions in a rat model mimicking radical prostatectomy damages through tissue-specific paracrine mechanisms. Stem Cells 2015; 34:392-404. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- René Yiou
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
- Urology Department, APHP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier; Créteil France
| | - Meriem Mahrouf-Yorgov
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - Céline Trébeau
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - Marc Zanaty
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
- Urology Department, APHP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier; Créteil France
| | - Cécile Lecointe
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
- Plateforme Exploration Fonctionnelle du Petit Animal EPFA01 Mondor Institute; Créteil France
| | - Richard Souktani
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
- Plateforme Exploration Fonctionnelle du Petit Animal EPFA01 Mondor Institute; Créteil France
| | - Patricia Zadigue
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - Florence Figeac
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - Anne-Marie Rodriguez
- INSERM U955 Team 12; Créteil France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR_S955, UPEC; Créteil France
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34
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Lodhia KA, Tienchaiananda P, Haluska P. Understanding the Key to Targeting the IGF Axis in Cancer: A Biomarker Assessment. Front Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26217584 PMCID: PMC4495315 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 insulin like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) targeted therapies showed compelling pre-clinical evidence; however, to date, this has failed to translate into patient benefit in Phase 2/3 trials in unselected patients. This was further complicated by the toxicity, including hyperglycemia, which largely results from the overlap between IGF and insulin signaling systems and associated feedback mechanisms. This has halted the clinical development of inhibitors targeting IGF signaling, which has limited the availability of biopsy samples for correlative studies to understand biomarkers of response. Indeed, a major factor contributing to lack of clinical benefit of IGF targeting agents has been difficulty in identifying patients with tumors driven by IGF signaling due to the lack of predictive biomarkers. In this review, we will describe the IGF system, rationale for targeting IGF signaling, the potential liabilities of targeting strategies, and potential biomarkers that may improve success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Haluska
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
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35
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Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are found in two regions in the adult brain: the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) adjacent to the lateral ventricles. Similarly to other somatic stem cells, adult NSCs are found within specialized niches that are organized to facilitate NSC self-renewal. Alterations in stem-cell homeostasis can contribute to the consequences of neurodegenerative diseases, healthy ageing and tissue repair after damage. Insulin and the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) function in stem-cell homeostasis across species. Studies in the mammalian central nervous system support essential roles for IGF and/or insulin signalling in NSC self-renewal, neurogenesis, cognition and sensory function through distinct ligand-receptor interactions. IGF-II is of particular interest as a result of its production by the choroid plexus and presence in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF regulates and supports the development, division and migration of cells in the adult brain and is required for NSC maintenance. In this Review, we discuss emerging data on the functions of IGF-II and IGF and/or insulin receptor signalling in the context of NSC regulation in the SVZ and SGZ. We also propose a model for IGF-II in which the choroid plexus is a major component of the NSC niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N Ziegler
- Department of Neurology &Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical &Health Sciences, Cancer Centre, 205 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
| | - Steven W Levison
- Department of Neurology &Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical &Health Sciences, Cancer Centre, 205 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Neurology &Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical &Health Sciences, Cancer Centre, 205 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
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36
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Cline BH, Costa-Nunes JP, Cespuglio R, Markova N, Santos AI, Bukhman YV, Kubatiev A, Steinbusch HWM, Lesch KP, Strekalova T. Dicholine succinate, the neuronal insulin sensitizer, normalizes behavior, REM sleep, hippocampal pGSK3 beta and mRNAs of NMDA receptor subunits in mouse models of depression. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:37. [PMID: 25767439 PMCID: PMC4341562 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Central insulin receptor-mediated signaling is attracting the growing attention of researchers because of rapidly accumulating evidence implicating it in the mechanisms of plasticity, stress response, and neuropsychiatric disorders including depression. Dicholine succinate (DS), a mitochondrial complex II substrate, was shown to enhance insulin-receptor mediated signaling in neurons and is regarded as a sensitizer of the neuronal insulin receptor. Compounds enhancing neuronal insulin receptor-mediated transmission exert an antidepressant-like effect in several pre-clinical paradigms of depression; similarly, such properties for DS were found with a stress-induced anhedonia model. Here, we additionally studied the effects of DS on several variables which were ameliorated by other insulin receptor sensitizers in mice. Pre-treatment with DS of chronically stressed C57BL6 mice rescued normal contextual fear conditioning, hippocampal gene expression of NMDA receptor subunit NR2A, the NR2A/NR2B ratio and increased REM sleep rebound after acute predation. In 18-month-old C57BL6 mice, a model of elderly depression, DS restored normal sucrose preference and activated the expression of neural plasticity factors in the hippocampus as shown by Illumina microarray. Finally, young naïve DS-treated C57BL6 mice had reduced depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and, similarly to imipramine-treated mice, preserved hippocampal levels of the phosphorylated (inactive) form of GSK3 beta that was lowered by forced swimming in pharmacologically naïve animals. Thus, DS can ameliorate behavioral and molecular outcomes under a variety of stress- and depression-related conditions. This further highlights neuronal insulin signaling as a new factor of pathogenesis and a potential pharmacotherapy of affective pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon H Cline
- Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U1119, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg, France
| | - Joao P Costa-Nunes
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University Maastricht, Netherlands ; Group of Behavioural Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Institute for Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, New University of Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Raymond Cespuglio
- Faculty of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center of Lyon, INSERM U1028, C. Bernard University Lyon, France
| | - Natalyia Markova
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Screening, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia ; Laboratory of Cognitive Dysfunctions, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Moscow, Russia
| | - Ana I Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Yury V Bukhman
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Computational Biology, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aslan Kubatiev
- Laboratory of Cognitive Dysfunctions, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University Maastricht, Netherlands ; Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Centre of Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Neuroscience, Maastricht University Maastricht, Netherlands ; Group of Behavioural Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Institute for Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, New University of Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal ; Laboratory of Biomolecular Screening, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia
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37
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Farabaugh SM, Boone DN, Lee AV. Role of IGF1R in Breast Cancer Subtypes, Stemness, and Lineage Differentiation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:59. [PMID: 25964777 PMCID: PMC4408912 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is fundamental for growth and survival. A large body of evidence (laboratory, epidemiological, and clinical) implicates the exploitation of this pathway in cancer. Up to 50% of breast tumors express the activated form of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R). Breast cancers are categorized into subtypes based upon hormone and ERRB2 receptor expression and/or gene expression profiling. Even though IGF1R influences tumorigenic phenotypes and drug resistance across all breast cancer subtypes, it has specific expression and function in each. In some subtypes, IGF1R levels correlate with a favorable prognosis, while in others it is associated with recurrence and poor prognosis, suggesting different actions based upon cellular and molecular contexts. In this review, we examine IGF1R expression and function as it relates to breast cancer subtype and therapy-acquired resistance. Additionally, we discuss the role of IGF1R in stem cell maintenance and lineage differentiation and how these cell fate influences may alter the differentiation potential and cellular composition of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Farabaugh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David N. Boone
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- *Correspondence: Adrian V. Lee, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Room A412, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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38
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Liu J, Spéder P, Brand AH. Control of brain development and homeostasis by local and systemic insulin signalling. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014; 16 Suppl 1:16-20. [PMID: 25200291 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are important regulators of growth and metabolism. In both vertebrates and invertebrates, insulin/IGFs are made available to various organs, including the brain, through two routes: the circulating systemic insulin/IGFs act on distant organs via endocrine signalling, whereas insulin/IGF ligands released by local tissues act in a paracrine or autocrine fashion. Although the mechanisms governing the secretion and action of systemic insulin/IGF have been the focus of extensive investigation, the significance of locally derived insulin/IGF has only more recently come to the fore. Local insulin/IGF signalling is particularly important for the development and homeostasis of the central nervous system, which is insulated from the systemic environment by the blood-brain barrier. Local insulin/IGF signalling from glial cells, the blood-brain barrier and the cerebrospinal fluid has emerged as a potent regulator of neurogenesis. This review will address the main sources of local insulin/IGF and how they affect neurogenesis during development. In addition, we describe how local insulin/IGF signalling couples neural stem cell proliferation with systemic energy state in Drosophila and in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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39
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Alagappan D, Ziegler AN, Chidambaram S, Min J, Wood TL, Levison SW. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Signaling is Necessary for Epidermal Growth Factor Mediated Proliferation of SVZ Neural Precursors in vitro Following Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia. Front Neurol 2014; 5:79. [PMID: 24904523 PMCID: PMC4033605 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the importance of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor co-signaling for rat neural precursor (NP) cell proliferation and self-renewal in the context of a developmental brain injury that is associated with cerebral palsy. Consistent with previous studies, we found that there is an increase in the in vitro growth of subventricular zone NPs isolated acutely after cerebral hypoxia–ischemia; however, when cultured in medium that is insufficient to stimulate the IGF type 1 receptor, neurosphere formation and the proliferative capacity of those NPs was severely curtailed. This reduced growth capacity could not be attributed simply to failure to survive. The growth and self-renewal of the NPs could be restored by addition of both IGF-I and IGF-II. Since the size of the neurosphere is predominantly due to cell proliferation we hypothesized that the IGFs were regulating progression through the cell cycle. Analyses of cell cycle progression revealed that IGF-1R activation together with EGFR co-signaling decreased the percentage of cells in G1 and enhanced cell progression into S and G2. This was accompanied by increases in expression of cyclin D1, phosphorylated histone 3, and phosphorylated Rb. Based on these data, we conclude that coordinate signaling between the EGF receptor and the IGF type 1 receptor is necessary for the normal proliferation of NPs as well as for their reactive expansion after injury. These data indicate that manipulations that maintain or amplify IGF signaling in the brain during recovery from developmental brain injuries will enhance the production of new brain cells to improve neurological function in children who are at risk for developing cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhivyaa Alagappan
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University , Newark, NJ , USA
| | - Amber N Ziegler
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University , Newark, NJ , USA
| | - Shravanthi Chidambaram
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University , Newark, NJ , USA
| | - Jungsoo Min
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University , Newark, NJ , USA
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University , Newark, NJ , USA
| | - Steven W Levison
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University , Newark, NJ , USA
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40
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Malaguarnera R, Belfiore A. The emerging role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling in cancer stem cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:10. [PMID: 24550888 PMCID: PMC3912738 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells frequently exploit the IGF signaling, a fundamental pathway mediating development, cell growth, and survival. As a consequence, several components of the IGF signaling are deregulated in cancer and sustain cancer progression. However, specific targeting of IGF-IR in humans has resulted efficacious only in small subsets of cancers, making researches wondering whether IGF system targeting is still worth pursuing in the clinical setting. Although no definite answer is yet available, it has become increasingly clear that other components of the IGF signaling pathway, such as IR-A, may substitute for the lack of IGF-IR, and induce cancer resistance and/or clonal selection. Moreover, accumulating evidence now indicates that IGF signaling is a central player in the induction/maintenance of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell stemness, two strictly related programs, which play a key role in metastatic spread and resistance to cancer treatments. Here we review the evidences indicating that IGF signaling enhances the expression of transcription factors implicated in the EMT program and has extensive cross-talk with specific pathways involved in cell pluripotency and stemness maintenance. In turn, EMT and cell stemness activate positive feed-back mechanisms causing up-regulation of various IGF signaling components. These findings may have novel translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Malaguarnera
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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