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Li M, Hou Y, Chen Y, Sun C, Liang M, Chu X, Wen X, Yuan F, Peng C, Wang C, Xie J, Zhang J. Palmitic acid promotes miRNA release from adipocyte exosomes by activating NF-κB/ER stress. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:75. [PMID: 39271650 PMCID: PMC11399118 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The release of adipose tissue-derived miRNAs is increased under conditions of obesity, but the exact molecular mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. This study investigated whether obesity-induced increases in palmitic acid (PA) content could activate the NF-κB/endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) pathway and promote the expression and release of exosomal miRNAs in adipocytes. METHODS Abdominal adipose tissue and serum samples were collected from normal weight individuals and people with obesity to clarify the correlation of serum PA content with NF-κB/ER stress and the release of exosomal miRNAs. NF-κB and ER stress were blocked in obese mice and in vitro cultured adipocytes to demonstrate the molecular mechanisms by which PA promotes the release of exosomal miRNAs.The morphology, particle size and distribution of the exosomes were observed via transmission electron microscopy and NTA. RESULTS Accompanied by increased serum PA levels, the NF-κB/ER stress pathway was activated in the adipose tissue of people with obesity and in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice; moreover, the levels of miRNAs in both adipose tissue and serum were increased. P-p65 (Bay11-7082) and ER stress (TUDCA) blockers significantly reduced the levels of miRNAs in abdominal adipose tissue and serum, decreased blood glucose levels, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese mice. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, high concentrations of PA activated the NF-κB/ER stress pathway and increased the expression and release of miRNAs in exosomes. P-p65 (Bay11-7082) and ER stress (TUDCA) blockers significantly reversed the increased release exosomal miRNAs cause by PA. CONCLUSIONS Obesity-induced increases in PA content increase the expression and release of miRNAs in adipocyte exosomes by activating the NF-κB/ER stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghuan Li
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanting Hou
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chaoyue Sun
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Maodi Liang
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaolong Chu
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Medical College of Tarim University, Tarim Road, Alaer, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fangyuan Yuan
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chaoling Peng
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cuizhe Wang
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jianxin Xie
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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2
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Kook E, Kim DH. Elucidating the Role of Lipid-Metabolism-Related Signal Transduction and Inhibitors in Skin Cancer. Metabolites 2024; 14:309. [PMID: 38921444 PMCID: PMC11205519 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids, as multifunctional molecules, play a crucial role in a variety of cellular processes. These include regulating membrane glycoprotein functions, controlling membrane trafficking, influencing apoptotic pathways, and affecting drug transport. In addition, lipid metabolites can alter the surrounding microenvironment in ways that might encourage tumor progression. The reprogramming of lipid metabolism is pivotal in promoting tumorigenesis and cancer progression, with tumors often displaying significant changes in lipid profiles. This review concentrates on the essential factors that drive lipid metabolic reprogramming, which contributes to the advancement and drug resistance in melanoma. Moreover, we discuss recent advances and current therapeutic strategies that employ small-molecule inhibitors to target lipid metabolism in skin cancers, particularly those associated with inflammation and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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3
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Jeon TJ, Kim OH, Kang H, Lee HJ. Preadipocytes potentiate melanoma progression and M2 macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150129. [PMID: 38762933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma, the deadliest skin cancer, originates from epidermal melanocytes. The influence of preadipocytes on melanoma is less understood. We co-cultured mouse melanoma B16 cells with 3T3L1 preadipocytes to form mixed spheroids and observed increased melanoma proliferation and growth compared to B16-only spheroids. Metastasis-related proteins YAP, TAZ, and PD-L1 levels were also higher in mixed spheroids. Treatment with exosome inhibitor GW4869 halted melanoma growth and reduced expression of these proteins, suggesting exosomal crosstalk between B16 and 3T3L1 cells. MiR-155 expression was significantly higher in mixed spheroids, and GW4869 reduced its levels. Additionally, co-culturing with Raw264.7 macrophage cells increased M2 markers IL-4 and CD206 in Raw264.7 cells, effects that were diminished by GW4869. These results indicate that preadipocytes may enhance melanoma progression and metastasis via exosomal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jin Jeon
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Ok-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hana Kang
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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4
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Pan Y, Xu Y, Fan C, Miao X, Shen Y, Wang Q, Wu J, Hu H, Wang H, Xiang M, Ye B. The role of neck adipose tissue in lymph node metastasis of head and neck cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1390824. [PMID: 38800384 PMCID: PMC11116645 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1390824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that adipose tissue significantly influences cancer invasion and lymphatic metastasis. However, the impact of neck adipose tissue (NAT) on lymph node metastasis associated with head and neck cancer remains ambiguous. Here, we systematically assess the classification and measurement criteria of NAT and evaluate the association of adipose tissue and cancer-associated adipocytes with head and neck cancer. We delve into the potential mechanisms by which NAT facilitate cervical lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer, particularly through the secretion of adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, and Interleukin-6. Our aim is to elucidate the role of NAT in the progression and metastasis of head and neck cancer, offering new insights into prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingliang Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Marrapodi R, Bellei B. The Keratinocyte in the Picture Cutaneous Melanoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:913. [PMID: 38473275 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma progression is a multistep evolution from a common melanocytic nevus through a radial superficial growth phase, the invasive vertical growth phase finally leading to metastatic dissemination into distant organs. Melanoma aggressiveness largely depends on the propensity to metastasize, which means the capacity to escape from the physiological microenvironment since tissue damage due to primary melanoma lesions is generally modest. Physiologically, epidermal melanocytes are attached to the basement membrane, and their adhesion/migration is under the control of surrounding keratinocytes. Thus, the epidermal compartment represents the first microenvironment responsible for melanoma spread. This complex process involves cell-cell contact and a broad range of secreted bioactive molecules. Invasion, or at the beginning of the microinvasion, implies the breakdown of the dermo-epidermal basement membrane followed by the migration of neoplastic melanocytic cells in the superficial papillary dermis. Correspondingly, several experimental evidences documented the structural and functional rearrangement of the entire tissue surrounding neoplasm that in some way reflects the atypia of tumor cells. Lastly, the microenvironment must support the proliferation and survival of melanocytes outside the normal epidermal-melanin units. This task presumably is mostly delegated to fibroblasts and ultimately to the self-autonomous capacity of melanoma cells. This review will discuss remodeling that occurs in the epidermis during melanoma formation as well as skin changes that occur independently of melanocytic hyperproliferation having possible pro-tumoral features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Marrapodi
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
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6
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Wang W, Zhen S, Ping Y, Wang L, Zhang Y. Metabolomic biomarkers in liquid biopsy: accurate cancer diagnosis and prognosis monitoring. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1331215. [PMID: 38384814 PMCID: PMC10879439 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1331215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, a novel detection method, has recently become an active research area in clinical cancer owing to its unique advantages. Studies on circulating free DNA, circulating tumor cells, and exosomes obtained by liquid biopsy have shown great advances and they have entered clinical practice as new cancer biomarkers. The metabolism of the body is dynamic as cancer originates and progresses. Metabolic abnormalities caused by cancer can be detected in the blood, sputum, urine, and other biological fluids via systemic or local circulation. A considerable number of recent studies have focused on the roles of metabolic molecules in cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of metabolic markers from various biological fluids in the latest clinical studies, which may contribute to cancer screening and diagnosis, differentiation of cancer typing, grading and staging, and prediction of therapeutic response and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Ping
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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7
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Chocarro-Calvo A, Jociles-Ortega M, García-Martinez JM, Louphrasitthiphol P, Garcia YV, Ramírez-Sánchez A, Chauhan J, Fiuza MC, Duran M, García-Jiménez C, Goding CR. Phenotype-specific melanoma uptake of fatty acid from human adipocytes activates AXL and CAV1-dependent β-catenin nuclear accumulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.21.576568. [PMID: 38328032 PMCID: PMC10849526 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.21.576568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic diversity of cancer cells within tumors generated through bi-directional interactions with the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a major driver of disease progression and therapy resistance. Nutrient availability plays a critical role in determining phenotype, but whether specific nutrients elicit different responses on distinct phenotypes is poorly understood. Here we show, using melanoma as a model, that only MITF Low undifferentiated cells, but not MITF High cells, are competent to drive lipolysis in human adipocytes. In contrast to MITF High melanomas, adipocyte-derived free fatty acids are taken up by undifferentiated MITF Low cells via a fatty acid transporter (FATP)-independent mechanism. Importantly, oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated long chain fatty acid abundant in adipose tissue and lymph, reprograms MITF Low undifferentiated melanoma cells to a highly invasive state by ligand-independent activation of AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase associated with therapy resistance in a wide range of cancers. AXL activation by OA then drives SRC-dependent formation and nuclear translocation of a β-catenin-CAV1 complex. The results highlight how a specific nutritional input drives phenotype-specific activation of a pro-metastasis program with implications for FATP-targeted therapies.
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8
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Brown KA, Scherer PE. Update on Adipose Tissue and Cancer. Endocr Rev 2023; 44:961-974. [PMID: 37260403 PMCID: PMC10638602 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is the largest endocrine organ and an accepted contributor to overall energy homeostasis. There is strong evidence linking increased adiposity to the development of 13 types of cancer. With increased adiposity comes metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance, and increased systemic insulin and glucose support the growth of many cancers, including those of the colon and endometrium. There is also an important direct crosstalk between adipose tissue and various organs. For instance, the healthy development and function of the mammary gland, as well as the development, growth, and progression of breast cancer, are heavily impacted by the breast adipose tissue in which breast epithelial cells are embedded. Cells of the adipose tissue are responsive to external stimuli, including overfeeding, leading to remodeling and important changes in the secretion of factors known to drive the development and growth of cancers. Loss of factors like adiponectin and increased production of leptin, endotrophin, steroid hormones, and inflammatory mediators have been determined to be important mediators of the obesity-cancer link. Obesity is also associated with a structural remodeling of the adipose tissue, including increased localized fibrosis and disrupted angiogenesis that contribute to the development and progression of cancers. Furthermore, tumor cells feed off the adipose tissue, where increased lipolysis within adipocytes leads to the release of fatty acids and stromal cell aerobic glycolysis leading to the increased production of lactate. Both have been hypothesized to support the higher energetic demands of cancer cells. Here, we aim to provide an update on the state of the literature revolving around the role of the adipose tissue in cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy A Brown
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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9
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Wądzyńska J, Simiczyjew A, Pietraszek-Gremplewicz K, Kot M, Ziętek M, Matkowski R, Nowak D. The impact of cellular elements of TME on melanoma biology and its sensitivity to EGFR and MET targeted therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119549. [PMID: 37506884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironment of the melanoma consists of cellular elements like fibroblasts, adipocytes, and keratinocytes as well as extracellular matrix and physicochemical conditions. In our previous research, we have established that melanoma influences strongly above mentioned cells present in the tumor niche and recruits them to support cancer progression. In this work, we evaluated the impact of cancer-associated cells, namely fibroblasts (CAFs), adipocytes (CAAs), and keratinocytes (CAKs) on melanoma proliferation, signaling pathways activation, metabolism as well as the effectiveness of used anti-cancer therapy. Obtained results indicated elevated phosphorylation of STAT3, upregulated GLUT1 and GLUT3 as well as downregulated of MCT-1 expression level in melanoma cells under the influence of all examined cells present in the tumor niche. The proliferation of melanoma cells was increased after co-culture with CAFs and CAKs, while epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers' expression level was raised in the presence of CAFs and CAAs. The level of perilipin 2 and lipid content was elevated in melanoma cells under the influence of CAAs. Moreover, increased expression of CYP1A1, gene encoding drug metabolizing protein, in melanoma cells co-cultured with CAFs and CAKs prompted us to verify the effectiveness of the previously proposed by us anti-melanoma therapy based on combination of EGFR and MET inhibitors. Obtained results indicate that the designed therapy is still efficient, even if the fibroblasts, adipocytes, and keratinocytes, are present in the melanoma vicinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Wądzyńska
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Simiczyjew
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Kot
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Ziętek
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland; Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland; Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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10
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Simiczyjew A, Wądzyńska J, Pietraszek-Gremplewicz K, Kot M, Ziętek M, Matkowski R, Nowak D. Melanoma cells induce dedifferentiation and metabolic changes in adipocytes present in the tumor niche. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:58. [PMID: 37481560 PMCID: PMC10363323 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the factors that affect the progression of melanoma is the tumor microenvironment, which consists of cellular elements, extracellular matrix, acidification, and a hypoxic state. Adipocytes are one of the types of cell present in the niche and are localized in the deepest layer of the skin. However, the relationship between fat cells and melanoma remains unclear. METHODS We assessed the influence of melanoma cells on adipocytes using an indirect coculture system. We estimated the level of cancer-associated adipocyte (CAA) markers through quantitative PCR analysis. The fibroblastic phenotype of CAAs was confirmed by cell staining and western blotting analysis. The lipid content was estimated by lipid detection in CAAs using LipidSpot and by quantitative analysis using Oil Red O. The expression of proteins involved in lipid synthesis, delipidation, and metabolic processes were assessed through quantitative PCR or western blotting analysis. Lactate secretion was established using a Lactate-Glo™ assay. Proteins secreted by CAAs were identified in cytokine and angiogenesis arrays. The proliferation of melanoma cells cocultured with CAAs was assessed using an XTT proliferation assay. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test in GraphPad Prism 7 software. RESULTS Obtained CAAs were identified by decreased levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and FABP4. Adipocytes cocultured with melanoma presented fibroblastic features, such as a similar proteolytic pattern to that of 3T3L1 fibroblasts and increased levels of vimentin and TGFβRIII. Melanoma cells led to a reduction of lipid content in CAAs, possibly by downregulation of lipid synthesis pathways (lower FADS, SC4MOL, FASN) or enhancement of lipolysis (higher level of phosphorylation of ERK and STAT3). Adipocytes cocultured with melanoma cells secreted higher IL6 and SerpinE1 levels and produced less CCL2, CXCL1, and angiogenic molecules. CAAs also showed metabolic changes comprising the increased secretion of lactate and enhanced production of glucose, lactate, and ion transporters. In addition, changes in adipocytes observed following melanoma coculture resulted in a higher proliferation rate of cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Melanoma cells led to decreased lipid content in adipocytes, which might be related to enhanced delipidation or reduction of lipid synthesis. Fibroblast-like CAAs showed metabolic changes that may be the reason for accelerated proliferation of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Simiczyjew
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna Wądzyńska
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Kot
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Ziętek
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413, Wroclaw, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413, Wroclaw, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
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11
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Pinho JO, Matias M, Godinho-Santos A, Amaral JD, Mendes E, Jesus Perry M, Paula Francisco A, Rodrigues CMP, Manuela Gaspar M. A step forward on the in vitro and in vivo assessment of a novel nanomedicine against melanoma. Int J Pharm 2023; 640:123011. [PMID: 37146952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with increasing incidence and mortality rates. To overcome current treatment limitations, a hybrid molecule (HM) combining a triazene and a ʟ-tyrosine analogue, was recently synthesized, incorporated in long blood circulating liposomes (LIP HM) and validated in an immunocompetent melanoma model. The present work constitutes a step forward in the therapeutic assessment of HM formulations. Here, human melanoma cells, A375 and MNT-1, were used and dacarbazine (DTIC), a triazene drug clinically available as first-line treatment for melanoma, constituted the positive control. In cell cycle analysis, A375 cells, after 24-h incubation with HM (60 μM) and DTIC (70 μM), resulted in a 1.2 fold increase (related to control) in the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase. The therapeutic activity was evaluated in a human murine melanoma model (subcutaneously injected with A375 cells) to most closely resemble the human pathology. Animals treated with LIP HM exhibited the highest antimelanoma effect resulting in a 6-, 5- and 4-fold reduction on tumor volume compared to negative control, Free HM and DTIC groups, respectively. No toxic side effects were detected. Overall, these results constitute another step forward in the validation of the antimelanoma activity of LIP HM, using a murine model that more accurately simulates the pathology that occurs in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta O Pinho
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Matias
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana Godinho-Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana D Amaral
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Mendes
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maria Jesus Perry
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Paula Francisco
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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12
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Roccuzzo G, Moirano G, Fava P, Maule M, Ribero S, Quaglino P. Obesity and immune-checkpoint inhibitors in advanced melanoma: A meta-analysis of survival outcomes from clinical studies. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 91:27-34. [PMID: 36871633 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic inflammatory condition that has been associated with different types of cancer. However, its role in melanoma incidence, progression, and response to immune-checkpoint-inhibitors (ICI) is still controversial. On the one hand, increased levels of lipids and adipokines can promote tumor proliferation and several genes associated with fatty acid metabolism have been found to be upregulated in melanomas. On the other hand, immunotherapy seems to be more effective in obese animal models, presumably due to an increase in CD8 + and subsequent decrease in PD-1 + T-cells in the tumor microenvironment. In humans, several studies have investigated the role of BMI (body mass index) and other adiposity-related parameters as potential prognostic markers of survival in advanced melanoma patients treated with ICI. The aim of this research has been to systematically review the scientific literature on studies evaluating the relationship between overweight/obesity and survival outcomes in patients with advanced melanoma treated with ICI and to perform a meta-analysis on those sharing common characteristics. After screening 1070 records identified through a literature search, 18 articles assessing the role of BMI-related exposure in relation to survival outcomes in ICI-treated patients with advanced melanoma were included in our review. In the meta-analysis of the association between overweight (defined as BMI>25 or BMI 25-30), overall survival (OS), and progression free survival (PFS), 7 studies were included, yielding a summary HR of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.74-1.03) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.86-1.08), respectively. Our results show that, despite few suggestive findings, the use of BMI as a valuable predictor of melanoma patients' survival in terms of PFS and OS should not be currently recommended, due to the limited evidence available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Roccuzzo
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Giovenale Moirano
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit and CPO-Piemonte, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; Postgraduate School in Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Fava
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Milena Maule
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit and CPO-Piemonte, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simone Ribero
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Torino, Italy
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Oudda S, Ali AM, Chien AL, Park S. Leveraging Tissue Engineering for Skin Cancer Models. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1410:97-113. [PMID: 36484897 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineered in vitro three-dimensional (3D) skin model has emerged as a promising tool for recapitulating different types of skin cancer and performing pre-clinical tests. However, a full-thickness 3D model including the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis layers is scarce despite its significance in human physiology and diverse biological processes. In this book chapter, an attempt has been made to summarize various skin cancer models, including utilized skin layers, materials, cell lines, specific treatments, and fabrication techniques for three types of skin cancer: melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Subsequently, current limitations and future directions of skin cancer models are discussed. The knowledge of the current status of skin cancer models can provide various potential applications in cancer research and thus a more effective way for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumayah Oudda
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abdulla M Ali
- The Thomas C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna L Chien
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seungman Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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Zhang X, Li X, Xiong G, Yun F, Feng Y, Ni Q, Wu N, Yang L, Yi Z, Zhang Q, Yang Z, Kuang Y, Sai B, Zhu Y. Palmitic Acid Promotes Lung Metastasis of Melanomas via the TLR4/TRIF-Peli1-pNF-κB Pathway. Metabolites 2022; 12:1132. [PMID: 36422271 PMCID: PMC9696090 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet plays an important role in aggravating cancers. Palmitic acid (PA) is one of the components of saturated fatty acids; it has been reported to promote tumor proliferation in melanomas, but the signal transduction pathway mediated by palmitic acid remains unclear. This study showed that palmitic acid can promote the lung metastasis of melanomas. Moreover, the interaction between palmitic acid and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was predicted by molecular docking. The experimental results proved that palmitic acid could promote the TLR4 and Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β (TRIF) expression. The expression of Pellino1 (Peli1) and the phosphorylation of NF-kappa B (pNF-κB) were downregulated after the suppression of TLR4 and the silencing of Peli1 also inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB. Therefore, we concluded that palmitic acid promoted the lung metastasis of melanomas through the TLR4/TRIF-Peli1-pNF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guohang Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fang Yun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qinxuan Ni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zihan Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yingmin Kuang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Buqing Sai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuechun Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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Wu H, Wang Y, Zhang B, Li YL, Ren ZX, Huang JJ, Zhang ZQ, Lin ZJ, Zhang XM. Smilax glabra Roxb.: A Review of Its Traditional Usages, Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Properties, and Clinical Applications. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3621-3643. [PMID: 36277602 PMCID: PMC9579009 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s374439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Smilax glabra Roxb. (SGB) is a medicinal plant widely distributed in 17 countries worldwide. It is the primary raw material of the world-famous and best-selling functional food and beneficial tea. SGB was first recorded in Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420–589 AD) and was reported for nutritional and medicinal properties for thousands of years. This review searched PubMed, Web of Science, and other databases for relevant literature on SGB species until April 2022. It aims to provide more integrated thinking, detailed awareness, and better knowledge of SGB. More than 200 chemical components have been discovered, including flavonoids, phenolic, phenolic acids, stilbenes, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, and others. Previous studies have demonstrated that SGB and its active ingredients show a wide range of pharmacological effects, including anti-infective, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardiovascular protection, etc. However, many studies on the biological activity of this plant were mainly based on crude extracts and active ingredients, and there is a lack of clinical studies and toxicity studies to support the development of drug design, development, and therapy. In summary, this review will provide specific and valuable suggestions and guidelines for further research and application of this plant in the medicinal field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,Center for Pharmacovigilance and Rational Use of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Bing Zhang, Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, South Yang-Guang Road, Fang-shan District, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Yao-lei Li
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-xin Ren
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-jian Huang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-qi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-jian Lin
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-meng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Liu Y, Li C, Fang L, Wang L, Liu H, Tian H, zheng Y, Fan T, He J. Lipid metabolism-related lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 promotes the progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the NPM1/c-Myc axis and SLC25A21 expression. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e944. [PMID: 35735113 PMCID: PMC9218933 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity alters metabolic microenvironment and is thus associated with several tumours. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role, molecular mechanism of action, and potential clinical value of lipid metabolism-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SLC25A21-AS1 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS A high-fat diets (HFDs)-induced obesity nude mouse model was established, and targeted metabolomics analysis was used to identify critical medium-long chain fatty acids influencing the growth of ESCC cells. Transcriptomic analysis of public dataset GSE53625 confirmed that lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 was a lipid metabolism-related lncRNA. The biological function of lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 in ESCC was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)assay, RNA-pull down, mass spectrometry, co-IP, and RNA IP(RIP) were performed to explore the molecular mechanism. Finally, an ESCC cDNA microarray was used to determine the clinical prognostic value of SLC25A21-AS1 by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Palmitic acid (PA) is an important fatty acid component of HFD and had an inhibitory effect on ESCC cell lines. LncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 expression was downregulated by PA and associated with the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SLC25A21-AS1 interacted with nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) protein to promote the downstream gene transcription of the c-Myc in the nucleus. In the cytoplasm, SLC25A21-AS1 maintained the stability of SLC25A21 mRNA and reduced the intracellular NAD+ /NADH ratio by influencing tryptophan catabolism. Finally, we demonstrated that high expression of SLC25A21-AS1 promoted resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis and was correlated with poor tumour grade and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS HFD/PA has an inhibitory effect on ESCC cells and SLC25A21-AS1 expression. SLC25A21-AS1 promotes the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells by regulating the NPM1/c-Myc axis and SLC25A21 expression. In addition, lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 may serve as a favourable prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Lingling Fang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Liyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hengchang Liu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryNational Cancer Center/Natbibional Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yujia zheng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Kobayashi S, Wannakul T, Sekino K, Takahashi Y, Kagawa Y, Miyazaki H, Umaru BA, Yang S, Yamamoto Y, Owada Y. Fatty acid-binding protein 5 limits the generation of Foxp3 + regulatory T cells through regulating plasmacytoid dendritic cell function in the tumor microenvironment. Int J Cancer 2022; 150:152-163. [PMID: 34449874 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) promote viral elimination by producing large amounts of Type I interferon. Recent studies have shown that pDCs regulate the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory diseases, such as cancer. Fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) is a cellular chaperone of long-chain fatty acids that induce biological responses. Although the effects of FABP-mediated lipid metabolism are well studied in various immune cells, its role in pDCs remains unclear. This study, which compares wild-type and Fabp5-/- mice, provides the first evidence that FABP5-mediated lipid metabolism regulates the commitment of pDCs to inflammatory vs tolerogenic gene expression patterns in the tumor microenvironment and in response to toll-like receptor stimulation. Additionally, we demonstrated that FABP5 deficiency in pDCs affects the surrounding cellular environment, and that FABP5 expression in pDCs supports the appropriate generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Collectively, our findings reveal that pDC FABP5 acts as an important regulator of tumor immunity by controlling lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tunyanat Wannakul
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaname Sekino
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Kagawa
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyazaki
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Shuhan Yang
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yui Yamamoto
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Zhou G, Xu Y, Zhai Y, Gong Z, Xu K, Wang G, Sun C, Ma C. The Association Between Serum Palmitic Acid and Thyroid Function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:860634. [PMID: 35592784 PMCID: PMC9110841 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.860634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Emerging evidence indicates that palmitic acid (PA) can regulate the progression and development of many diseases. However, the studies examining the association between PA and thyroid function remain sparse. We aimed to investigate the association between serum PA (sPA) and thyroid function in the US population. METHODS In this retrospective study, a cross-sectional analysis was performed using the data pooled from the database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2012. The thyroid parameters investigated were mainly free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), total T3 (TT3), TT4, thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb). The central sensitivity to thyroid function was evaluated by the thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), thyrotrophin thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI), and thyrotropin index (TSHI). The FT3 to FT4 ratio (FT3/FT4) was employed to evaluate peripheral sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Multiple imputation was applied to handle the missing data, and weighted multivariable linear regression, subgroup, and interaction analyses were then employed to estimate the association between sPA and thyroid parameters. RESULTS In the 737 adults, after adjusting covariates, we demonstrated a significant negative association between sPA and FT4 [β = -1.078, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.729 to -0.427], as well as a positive relationship between sPA and FT3/FT4 ratio (β = 0.073, 95% CI: 0.044 to 0.102). These results did not change on multiple imputations. In the subgroup analyses, the associations were more significant in male and obese subjects. CONCLUSION This investigation demonstrated the significant correlation between sPA and thyroid dysfunction, which suggested the close relationship between lipotoxicity and hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism. Future research is required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoyuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenhua Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chenhua Sun, ; Chaoqun Ma,
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chenhua Sun, ; Chaoqun Ma,
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Thurgood LA, Best OG, Rowland A, Lower KM, Brooks DA, Kuss BJ. Lipid uptake in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Exp Hematol 2021; 106:58-67. [PMID: 34896245 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.12.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Many cancers rely on glucose as an energy source, but it is becoming increasingly apparent that some cancers use alternate substrates to fuel their proliferation. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is one such cancer. Through the use of flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, low levels of glucose uptake were observed in the OSU-CLL and HG3 CLL cell lines relative to highly glucose-avid Raji cells (Burkitt's lymphoma). Glucose uptake in CLL cells correlated with low expression of the GLUT1 and GLUT3 receptors. In contrast, both CLL cell lines and primary CLL cells, but not healthy B cells, were found to rapidly internalise medium- and long-chain, but not short-chain, fatty acids (FAs). Differential FA uptake was also observed in primary cells taken from patients with unmutated immunoglobulin heavy variable chain usage (IGHV) compared with patients with mutated IGHV. Delipidation of serum in the culture medium slowed the proliferation and significantly reduced the viability of OSU-CLL and HG3 cells, effects that were partially reversed by supplementation with a chemically defined lipid concentrate. These observations highlight the potential importance of FAs in the pathogenesis of CLL and raise the possibility that targeting FA utilisation may represent a novel therapeutic and prognostic approach in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Thurgood
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia.
| | - Oliver G Best
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Ashley Rowland
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Karen M Lower
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Doug A Brooks
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Bryone J Kuss
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
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Mahboobnia K, Pirro M, Marini E, Grignani F, Bezsonov EE, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. PCSK9 and cancer: Rethinking the link. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111758. [PMID: 34058443 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is emerging as a major problem globally, as it accounts for the second cause of death despite medical advances. According to epidemiological and basic studies, cholesterol is involved in cancer progression and there are abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism of cancer cells including prostate, breast, and colorectal carcinomas. However, the importance of cholesterol in carcinogenesis and thereby the role of cholesterol homeostasis as a therapeutic target is still a debated area in cancer therapy. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9), a serine protease, modulates cholesterol metabolism by attachment to the LDL receptor (LDLR) and reducing its recycling by targeting the receptor for lysosomal destruction. Published research has shown that PCSK9 is also involved in degradation of other LDLR family members namely very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1), and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2). As a result, this protein represents an interesting therapeutic target for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Interestingly, clinical trials on PCSK9-specific monoclonal antibodies have reported promising results with high efficacy in lowering LDL-C and in turn reducing cardiovascular complications. It is important to note that PCSK9 mediates several other pathways apart from its role in lipid homeostasis, including antiviral activity, hepatic regeneration, neuronal apoptosis, and modulation of various signaling pathways. Furthermore, recent literature has illustrated that PCSK9 is closely associated with incidence and progression of several cancers. In a number of studies, PCSK9 siRNA was shown to effectively suppress the proliferation and invasion of the several studied tumor cells. Hence, a novel application of PCSK9 inhibitors/silencers in cancer/metastasis could be considered. However, due to poor data on effectiveness and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in cancer, the impact of PCSK9 inhibition in these pathological conditions is still unknown. SEARCH METHODS A vast literature search was conducted to find intended studies from 1956 up to 2020, and inclusion criteria were original peer-reviewed publications. PURPOSE OF REVIEW To date, PCSK9 has been scantly investigated in cancer. The question that needs to be discussed is "How does PCSK9 act in cancer pathophysiology and what are the risks or benefits associated to its inhibition?". We reviewed the available publications highlighting the contribution of this proprotein convertase in pathways related to cancer, with focus on the potential implications of its long-term pharmacological inhibition in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Mahboobnia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ettore Marini
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Grignani
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Evgeny E Bezsonov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia; Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Mazurkiewicz J, Simiczyjew A, Dratkiewicz E, Ziętek M, Matkowski R, Nowak D. Stromal Cells Present in the Melanoma Niche Affect Tumor Invasiveness and Its Resistance to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E529. [PMID: 33430277 PMCID: PMC7825728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a highly metastatic type of cancer, which arises frequently from transformed pigment cells and melanocytes as a result of long-term UV radiation exposure. In recent years, the incidence of newly diagnosed melanoma patients reached 5% of all cancer cases. Despite the development of novel targeted therapies directed against melanoma-specific markers, patients' response to treatment is often weak or short-term due to a rapid acquisition of drug resistance. Among the factors affecting therapy effectiveness, elements of the tumor microenvironment play a major role. Melanoma niche encompasses adjacent cells, such as keratinocytes, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), adipocytes, and immune cells, as well as components of the extracellular matrix and tumor-specific physicochemical properties. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the influence of cancer-associated cells (keratinocytes, CAFs, adipocytes) on the process of melanomagenesis, tumor progression, invasiveness, and the emergence of drug resistance in melanoma. We also address how melanoma can alter the differentiation and activation status of cells present in the tumor microenvironment. Understanding these complex interactions between malignant and cancer-associated cells could improve the development of effective antitumor therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mazurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (E.D.); (D.N.)
| | - Aleksandra Simiczyjew
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (E.D.); (D.N.)
| | - Ewelina Dratkiewicz
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (E.D.); (D.N.)
| | - Marcin Ziętek
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (R.M.)
- Wroclaw Comprehensive Cancer Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (R.M.)
- Wroclaw Comprehensive Cancer Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (E.D.); (D.N.)
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22
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Kurhaluk N, Bojková B, Kajo K, Macháleková K, Kisková T. Addition of palm olein to lard-supplemented diet indicates myocardial dysfunction and augments oxidative stress by authophagy-lysosome pathway in rats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:587-598. [PMID: 33314355 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated a prolonged effect of palm oil addition to lard-supplemented diet (PLD) on the oxidative status, lysosomal enzyme activities, markers of hepatotoxicity and basic lipid profile in female rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats received PLD (10% of total fat: 7.5% from palm oil and 2.5% from lard), and the control group received lard-supplemented diet (2.5% fat) from 28 days of age for 14 weeks. Histopathological evaluation of the liver from animals fed the PLD showed slight steatosis and signs of mild chronic inflammation. Reduction of extramedullary hematopoiesis and an increased ratio of red/white pulp were observed in the spleen. PLD induced oxidative stress (evaluated in the liver, heart, spleen, muscle and kidney) evidenced by an increase in conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde in all tissues except the muscle; protein carbonyl derivatives were increased as well. The changes in the antioxidant enzyme activities in the evaluated tissues were ambiguous except for the prominent increase in the heart. Lysosomal enzyme activities showed a tendency to increase in the heart and kidney and to decrease in the muscle and spleen. The De Ritis ratio, which is a biomarker of hepatotoxicity, was higher in the heart from animals fed the PLD. The palm oil addition to the lard-supplemented diet-induced prominent oxidative stress, particularly in myocardial tissue with involvement of the authophagy-lysosome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biology and Earth Science, Pomeranian University in Slupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Bianka Bojková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Karol Kajo
- Department of Pathology, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Macháleková
- Department of Pathology, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Terézia Kisková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
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23
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Adipocytes promote breast tumorigenesis through TAZ-dependent secretion of Resistin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:33295-33304. [PMID: 33318171 PMCID: PMC7776784 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005950117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are the most abundant and perhaps most active components of the tumor microenvironment in obese individuals that potentiate breast tumorigenesis through secretory mechanisms. The modulation of adipocytes can be novel therapy targets for breast cancer. Here, we revealed a specific upregulation of adipocytic TAZ through the FFA/PPARγ axis in diet-induced adiposity. Adipocytic TAZ knockdown or deficiency in mice inhibits adipocyte-induced breast cancer proliferation and stemness through impaired expression and secretion of Resistin. Immunostaining in triple-negative breast cancer samples showed that higher adipocytic TAZ/Resistin expression associates with higher clinical stages and poorer survival, demonstrating promising therapeutic targets. Adipocytes have been implicated in breast tumor growth and stemness maintenance through secreted factors. However, the mechanisms by which these cytokines are regulated during diet-induced obesity and contribute to breast tumorigenesis remain largely unknown. Here we show that transcription cofactor TAZ in adipocytes is directly up-regulated by the free fatty acid/PPARγ axis upon dietary fat stimulation. TAZ knockdown alters the expression profile of a series of secreted proteins and attenuates the tumor-supporting function of adipocytes. Moreover, we identify Resistin, an adipose-derived hormone, as a functional downstream target of TAZ, which facilitates tumorigenesis, and its expression correlated with adipocyitc TAZ in triple-negative breast cancer samples. Further, Adiponectin-cre–mediated TAZ knockout in adipocytes mitigates breast tumor growth. Taken together, our findings highlight how diet-induced TAZ expression in adipocytes promotes tumorigenesis, suggesting promising cancer therapeutic targets.
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24
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Lipid metabolic Reprogramming: Role in Melanoma Progression and Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113147. [PMID: 33121001 PMCID: PMC7692067 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Melanoma is a devastating skin cancer characterized by an impressive metabolic plasticity. Melanoma cells are able to adapt to the tumor microenvironment by using a variety of fuels that contribute to tumor growth and progression. In this review, the authors summarize the contribution of the lipid metabolic network in melanoma plasticity and aggressiveness, with a particular attention to specific lipid classes such as glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols and eicosanoids. They also highlight the role of adipose tissue in tumor progression as well as the potential antitumor role of drugs targeting critical steps of lipid metabolic pathways in the context of melanoma. Abstract Metabolic reprogramming contributes to the pathogenesis and heterogeneity of melanoma. It is driven both by oncogenic events and the constraints imposed by a nutrient- and oxygen-scarce microenvironment. Among the most prominent metabolic reprogramming features is an increased rate of lipid synthesis. Lipids serve as a source of energy and form the structural foundation of all membranes, but have also emerged as mediators that not only impact classical oncogenic signaling pathways, but also contribute to melanoma progression. Various alterations in fatty acid metabolism have been reported and can contribute to melanoma cell aggressiveness. Elevated expression of the key lipogenic fatty acid synthase is associated with tumor cell invasion and poor prognosis. Fatty acid uptake from the surrounding microenvironment, fatty acid β-oxidation and storage also appear to play an essential role in tumor cell migration. The aim of this review is (i) to focus on the major alterations affecting lipid storage organelles and lipid metabolism. A particular attention has been paid to glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols and eicosanoids, (ii) to discuss how these metabolic dysregulations contribute to the phenotype plasticity of melanoma cells and/or melanoma aggressiveness, and (iii) to highlight therapeutic approaches targeting lipid metabolism that could be applicable for melanoma treatment.
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25
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Dumas JF, Brisson L. Interaction between adipose tissue and cancer cells: role for cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 40:31-46. [PMID: 33009650 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Environment surrounding tumours are now recognized to play an important role in tumour development and progression. Among the cells found in the tumour environment, adipocytes from adipose tissue establish a vicious cycle with cancer cells to promote cancer survival, proliferation, metastasis and treatment resistance. This cycle is particularly of interest in the context of obesity, which has been found as a cancer risk factor. Cancers cells can reprogram adipocyte physiology leading to an "activated" phenotype characterized by delipidation and secretion of inflammatory adipokines. The adipocyte secretions then influence tumour growth and metastasis which has been mainly attributed to interleukin 6 (IL-6) or leptin but also to the release of fatty acids which are able to change cancer cell metabolism and signalling pathways. The aim of this review is to report recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms linking adipose tissue with cancer progression in order to propose new therapeutic strategies based on pharmacological or nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Dumas
- Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Growth and Cancer, University of Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Lucie Brisson
- Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Growth and Cancer, University of Tours, 10 boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.
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Yu Y, Li C, Liu J, Zhu F, Wei S, Huang Y, Huang X, Qin Q. Palmitic Acid Promotes Virus Replication in Fish Cell by Modulating Autophagy Flux and TBK1-IRF3/7 Pathway. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1764. [PMID: 32849631 PMCID: PMC7419653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitic acid is the most common saturated fatty acid in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Studies highlighted that palmitic acid plays a significant role in diverse cellular processes and viral infections. Accumulation of palmitic acid was observed in fish cells (grouper spleen, GS) infected with Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV). The fluctuated content levels after viral infection suggested that palmitic acid was functional in virus-cell interactions. In order to investigate the roles of palmitic acid in SGIV infection, the effects of palmitic acid on SGIV induced cytopathic effect, expression levels of viral genes, viral proteins, as well as virus production were evaluated. The infection and replication of SGIV were increased after exogenous addition of palmitic acid but suppressed after knockdown of fatty acid synthase (FASN), of which the primary function was to catalyze palmitate synthesis. Besides, the promotion of virus replication was associated with the down-regulating of interferon-related molecules, and the reduction of IFN1 and ISRE promotor activities by palmitic acid. We also discovered that palmitic acid restricted TBK1, but not MDA5-induced interferon immune responses. On the other hand, palmitic acid decreased autophagy flux in GS cells via suppressing autophagic degradation, and subsequently enhanced viral replication. Together, our findings indicate that palmitic acid is not only a negative regulator of TBK1-IRF3/7 pathway, but also a suppressor of autophagic flux. Finally, palmitic acid promotes the replication of SGIV in fish cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yepin Yu
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengyi Zhu
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shina Wei
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Smith LK, Arabi S, Lelliott EJ, McArthur GA, Sheppard KE. Obesity and the Impact on Cutaneous Melanoma: Friend or Foe? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061583. [PMID: 32549336 PMCID: PMC7352630 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight has been identified as a risk factor for many types of cancers, and for the majority of cancers, it is associated with poor outcomes. In contrast, there are cancers in which obesity is associated with favorable outcomes and this has been termed the “obesity paradox”. In melanoma, the connection between obesity and the increased incidence is not as strong as for other cancer types with some but not all studies showing an association. However, several recent studies have indicated that increased body mass index (BMI) improves survival outcomes in targeted and immune therapy treated melanoma patients. The mechanisms underlying how obesity leads to changes in therapeutic outcomes are not completely understood. This review discusses the current evidence implicating obesity in melanoma progression and patient response to targeted and immunotherapy, and discusses potential mechanisms underpinning these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorey K. Smith
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.K.S.); (S.A.); (E.J.L.); (G.A.M.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Shaghayegh Arabi
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.K.S.); (S.A.); (E.J.L.); (G.A.M.)
| | - Emily J. Lelliott
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.K.S.); (S.A.); (E.J.L.); (G.A.M.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Grant A. McArthur
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.K.S.); (S.A.); (E.J.L.); (G.A.M.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Karen E. Sheppard
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (L.K.S.); (S.A.); (E.J.L.); (G.A.M.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence:
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28
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Wuttikul K, Boonme P, Thammarat C, Khongkow P. N-acetylglucosamine microemulsions: Assessment of skin penetration, cytotoxicity, and anti-melanogenesis. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:304-309. [PMID: 32368847 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) is an amino sugar which can reduce melanin production. NAG has previously been formulated for topical use in many nanocarrier systems, excluding microemulsions (MEs). In this study, NAG was prepared in the form of MEs and assessed in terms of skin permeability, cytotoxicity, and effectiveness for cosmetic applications. AIMS To investigate the skin penetration, cytotoxicity, and anti-melanogenesis of N-acetylglucosamine loaded microemulsions (NAG-MEs). METHODS Two NAG-MEs (NME1 and NME2) were prepared. The in vitro penetration study of NAG-MEs was evaluated by modified Franz diffusion cells using full-thickness porcine ear skin as the membrane. The optimized formula was then selected for further assessment of cytotoxicity and efficiency. In vitro cytotoxicity was examined using human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and B16 melanoma cells. Anti-melanogenic activity was investigated by determination of melanin production of B16 melanoma cells. RESULTS The cumulative amounts of NAG from NME1 and NME2 in the receptor fluid at 24 hours were 1010.46 ± 31.63 and 1260.99 ± 100.19 µg/cm2 and those accumulated in the skin membrane were 155.59 ± 19.19 and 181.11 ± 20.38 µg/cm2 , respectively. NME2 and its blank counterpart (Blank-ME2) showed no adverse effects on the viability of both HaCaT and B16 melanoma cells. The anti-melanogenic activity data showed that the NME2 treated B16 cells exhibited a significant melanin reduction. CONCLUSIONS NAG-MEs could allow NAG penetrate through and accumulate in full-thickness porcine ear skin. NME2 was safe for both normal human keratinocytes and melanoma cells. It also showed effectiveness on anti-melanogenic activity in B16 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisada Wuttikul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Boonme
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chayanee Thammarat
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Pasarat Khongkow
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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29
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Drilling for Oil: Tumor-Surrounding Adipocytes Fueling Cancer. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:593-604. [PMID: 32610069 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, it has become apparent that metabolic reprogramming is a key event in tumor progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a source of metabolites for tumor cells. Lipid-filled mature adipocytes are frequently found in proximity to invasive human tumors and release free fatty acids (FFAs) through lipolysis. These FFAs are taken up by tumor cells and used to promote tumor progression by mechanisms that include mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO). This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of this metabolic symbiosis between adipocytes and cancer cells and underlines the differences in this metabolic crosstalk between the various types of cancer and their localization.
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30
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Zhao Y, Zhao MF, Yang ML, Wu TY, Xu CJ, Wang JM, Li CJ, Li X. G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 Mediates the Anticancer Effects Induced by Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancer Res Treat 2020; 52:815-829. [PMID: 32138466 PMCID: PMC7373874 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2019.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose While numerous epidemiological studies have indicated that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have anticancer properties in various cancers, the effects and mechanisms of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in ovarian cancer cell growth are poorly understood. Materials and Methods ES2 ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells and SKOV3 adenocarcinoma cells were treated with palmitic acid or EPA, followed by flow cytometry and cell counting to measure apoptosis and proliferation, respectively. A modified protein lipid overlay assay was used to further verify whether EPA was a ligand of G protein–coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in ES2 cells. The levels of apoptosis-related genes, phosphorylated AKT, and phosphorylated ERK1/2 were detected to explore the underlying mechanism. Finally, inhibitory effect of EPA on tumor growth via GPR30 was determined in vitro and in vivo. Results EPA suppressed ES2 ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells growth via GPR30, a novel EPA receptor, by inducing apoptosis. As a ligand of GPR30, EPA activated the GPR30-cAMP–protein kinase A signaling pathway. When GPR30 was suppressed by siRNA or its inhibitor G15, the antiproliferative action of EPA was impaired. Furthermore, EPA inhibited tumor growth by blocking the activation of AKT and ERK. In the mouse xenograft model, EPA decreased tumor volume and weight through GPR30 by blocking tumor cell proliferation. Conclusion These results confirm that EPA is a tumor suppressor in human ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells and functions through a novel fatty acid receptor, GPR30, indicating a mechanistic linkage between omega-3 fatty acids and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Fei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei-Lin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Tian-Yu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cong-Jian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Mei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Li
- Biology Science Institutes, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, China
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31
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Ionizing radiation induces cutaneous lipid remolding and skin adipocytes confer protection against radiation-induced skin injury. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 97:152-160. [PMID: 32001116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced skin injury is a serious concern during radiotherapy and radiation accidents. Skin fat represents the dominant architectural component of the human skin. However, the interplay between skin fat and the progression of radiation-induced skin injury remains largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE This study aims to elucidate the interplay between skin fat and the progression of radiation-induced skin injury. METHODS SD rats were irradiated with an electron beam. mRNA profiles were determined by RNA-Seq. The skin lipid mass was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lipid profiles were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Human mature adipocytes isolated from dermal and subcutaneous white adipose tissues (WATs) were co-cultured with human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and skin fibroblasts (WS1) in the transwell culture system. Cell migration ability was measured by migration assay. RESULTS Radiation modulated cutaneous lipid metabolism by downregulating multiple pathways. Moreover, radiation decreased skin fat mass with altered lipid metabolite profiles. The rats fed with a high-fat diet showed resistance to radiogenic skin injury compared with that with a control diet, indicating that skin lipid plays a radioprotective role. Mature adipocytes promoted the migration but not the proliferation of co-cultured skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Palmitic acid, the most abundant fatty acid in skin tissues, facilitated the migration of WS1 cells. Moreover, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) could be incorporated into skin cells and promote DNA damage repair in irradiated skin fibroblasts. CONCLUSION Radiation induces cutaneous lipid remolding, and skin adipocytes confer a protective role against radiation-induced skin injury.
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32
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Clement E, Lazar I, Attané C, Carrié L, Dauvillier S, Ducoux-Petit M, Esteve D, Menneteau T, Moutahir M, Le Gonidec S, Dalle S, Valet P, Burlet-Schiltz O, Muller C, Nieto L. Adipocyte extracellular vesicles carry enzymes and fatty acids that stimulate mitochondrial metabolism and remodeling in tumor cells. EMBO J 2020; 39:e102525. [PMID: 31919869 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are emerging key actors in adipocyte communication. Notably, small extracellular vesicles shed by adipocytes stimulate fatty acid oxidation and migration in melanoma cells and these effects are enhanced in obesity. However, the vesicular actors and cellular processes involved remain largely unknown. Here, we elucidate the mechanisms linking adipocyte extracellular vesicles to metabolic remodeling and cell migration. We show that adipocyte vesicles stimulate melanoma fatty acid oxidation by providing both enzymes and substrates. In obesity, the heightened effect of extracellular vesicles depends on increased transport of fatty acids, not fatty acid oxidation-related enzymes. These fatty acids, stored within lipid droplets in cancer cells, drive fatty acid oxidation upon being released by lipophagy. This increase in mitochondrial activity redistributes mitochondria to membrane protrusions of migrating cells, which is necessary to increase cell migration in the presence of adipocyte vesicles. Our results provide key insights into the role of extracellular vesicles in the metabolic cooperation that takes place between adipocytes and tumors with particular relevance to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Clement
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ikrame Lazar
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Attané
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Lorry Carrié
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Dauvillier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Manuelle Ducoux-Petit
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - David Esteve
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Menneteau
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamed Moutahir
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Le Gonidec
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Nik ME, Jaafari MR, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Effects of immunisation against PCSK9 in mice bearing melanoma. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:189-199. [PMID: 32051723 PMCID: PMC6963136 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.91291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) is an established modality for the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia. However, the impact of PCSK9 inhibition in other situations such as cancer remains largely unknown. The current study was conducted to study the effects of PCSK9 inhibition on cancer endpoints in mice bearing melanoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS To generate antiPCSK9 antibody in vivo, a nanoliposomal antiPCSK9 vaccine adsorbed to 0.4% Alum adjuvant was subcutaneously injected in C57BL/6 mice four times with bi-weekly intervals. Two weeks after the last immunisation, mice were subcutaneously inoculated with B16F0 melanoma cells. After a tumour mass was palpable (approximately 10 mm3), the mice were randomly divided into four groups and subjected to different treatment protocols: (1) PBS (untreated control), (2) vaccine group, (3) the combination of vaccine and a single dose of liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil®), and (4) liposomal doxorubicin (positive control) group. To determine therapeutic efficacy, mouse body weight, tumour size, and survival were monitored every three days for 36 days. RESULTS The nanoliposomal antiPCSK9 vaccine was found to efficiently induce specific antibodies against PCSK9 in C57BL/6 mice, thereby reducing plasma levels and function of PCSK9. Tumour volumes in the vaccinated group were not significantly different from those in the liposomal doxorubicin, combination, and control groups. The time to reach endpoint (TTE) values of the vaccine (28 ±5 days), combination (30 ±6 days), liposomal doxorubicin (34 ±2 days), and control (31 ±2 days) groups were not significantly different, either. Furthermore, the tumour growth delay (TGD) values of the vaccine (-11.5 ±15.4%), liposomal doxorubicin (7.75 ±6.5%), combination (-6 ±20.77%), and control (0 ±7.5) groups were not significantly different. Finally, there was no significant difference between the median survival time and lifespan of the vaccinated versus other tested groups. CONCLUSIONS The nanoliposomal PCSK9 vaccine did not adversely affect the growth of melanoma tumour nor the survival of tumour-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi Nik
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Student Research Committee, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Jiramongkol Y, Lam EWF. Multifaceted Oncogenic Role of Adipocytes in the Tumour Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:125-142. [PMID: 32130697 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has for decades been recognised as one of the major health concerns. Recently accumulated evidence has established that obesity or being overweight is strongly linked to an increased risk of cancer. However, it is still not completely clear how adipose tissue (fat), along with other stromal connective tissues and cells, contribute to tumour initiation and progression. In the tumour microenvironment, the adipose tissue cells, in particular the adipocytes, secrete a number of adipokines, including growth factors, hormones, collagens, fatty acids, and other metabolites as well as extracellular vesicles to shape and condition the tumour and its microenvironment. In fact, the adipocytes, through releasing these factors and materials, can directly and indirectly facilitate cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, angiogenesis, metastasis and even chemotherapy resistance. In this chapter, the multidimensional role played by adipocytes, a major and functional component of the adipose tissue, in promoting cancer development and progression within the tumour microenvironment will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannasittha Jiramongkol
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK.
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Aromolaran AS. Mechanisms of electrical remodeling in lipotoxic guinea pig heart. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:639-644. [PMID: 31540694 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an adult guinea pig model of lipotoxicity and explore the underlying mechanisms associated with changes in the expression of the delayed rectifier potassium current (IK). BACKGROUND Lipotoxicity may represent a common link among metabolic disorders and a higher vulnerability to arrhythmias. METHODS Whole-cell patch clamp, and palmitic acid (PA, a potent inducer of lipotoxicity), were used to assess mechanisms of short-term (∼50 days) high-fat diet (HFD) feeding on atrial electrophysiology in guinea pig hearts and myocytes. RESULTS HFD fed guinea pigs were significantly heavier, displayed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia; but no signs of hyperglycemia or inflammation compared to low-fat diet fed controls. Increasing cardiac PA levels, resulted in shortened atrial action potential duration, and increased IK density. Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) prevented increases in IK due to PA. Acute (≥1hr) exposure of atrial myocytes to exogenous PA (1 mM) increased the density of the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current IKr, while it was decreased with the unsaturated oleic acid (OA, 1 mM). Serine-threonine protein phosphatase-2 (PP2A) inhibition with cantharidin reversed the effect of OA on IKr. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence of a novel lipotoxic guinea pig model with signs of vulnerability to arrhythmias. Inhibition of PA/PI3K/IK and/or activation of the OA/PP2A/IKr pathways may be therapeutically beneficial for lipotoxic arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademuyiwa S Aromolaran
- Cardiac Electrophysiology and Metabolism Research Group, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Research and Development Office, (151), 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, NY, 11209, USA; Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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36
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Golan T, Parikh R, Jacob E, Vaknine H, Zemser-Werner V, Hershkovitz D, Malcov H, Leibou S, Reichman H, Sheinboim D, Percik R, Amar S, Brenner R, Greenberger S, Kung A, Khaled M, Levy C. Adipocytes sensitize melanoma cells to environmental TGF-β cues by repressing the expression of miR-211. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/591/eaav6847. [PMID: 31337739 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aav6847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily members are critical signals in tissue homeostasis and pathogenesis. Melanoma grows in the epidermis and invades the dermis before metastasizing. This disease progression is accompanied by increased sensitivity to microenvironmental TGF-β. Here, we found that skin fat cells (adipocytes) promoted metastatic initiation by sensitizing melanoma cells to TGF-β. Analysis of melanoma clinical samples revealed that adipocytes, usually located in the deeper hypodermis layer, were present in the upper dermis layer within proximity to in situ melanoma cells, an observation that correlated with disease aggressiveness. In a coculture system, adipocytes secreted the cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, which induced a proliferative-to-invasive phenotypic switch in melanoma cells by repressing the expression of the microRNA miR-211. In a xenograft model, miR-211 exhibited a dual role in melanoma progression, promoting cell proliferation while inhibiting metastatic spread. Bioinformatics and molecular analyses indicated that miR-211 directly targeted and repressed the translation of TGFBR1 mRNA, which encodes the type I TGF-β receptor. Hence, through this axis of cytokine-mediated repression of miR-211, adipocytes increased the abundance of the TGF-β receptor in melanoma cells, thereby enhancing cellular responsiveness to TGF-β ligands. The induction of TGF-β signaling, in turn, resulted in a proliferative-to-invasive phenotypic switch in cultured melanoma cells. Pharmacological inhibition of TGF-β prevented these effects. Our findings further reveal a molecular link between fat cells and metastatic progression in melanoma that might be therapeutically targeted in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Golan
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Roma Parikh
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Etai Jacob
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.,Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.,Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hananya Vaknine
- Institute of Pathology, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 58100, Israel
| | | | - Dov Hershkovitz
- Institute of Pathology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hagar Malcov
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Stav Leibou
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hadar Reichman
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Danna Sheinboim
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ruth Percik
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.,Institute of Endocrinology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sarah Amar
- Institute of Pathology, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Ronen Brenner
- Institute of Pathology, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 58100, Israel
| | | | - Andrew Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mehdi Khaled
- INSERM 1186, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Carmit Levy
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Fatima S, Hu X, Gong RH, Huang C, Chen M, Wong HLX, Bian Z, Kwan HY. Palmitic acid is an intracellular signaling molecule involved in disease development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2547-2557. [PMID: 30968170 PMCID: PMC11105207 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that palmitic acid (PA), a common fatty acid in the human diet, serves as a signaling molecule regulating the progression and development of many diseases at the molecular level. In this review, we focus on its regulatory roles in the development of five pathological conditions, namely, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation. We summarize the clinical and epidemiological studies; and also the mechanistic studies which have identified the molecular targets for PA in these pathological conditions. Activation or inactivation of these molecular targets by PA controls disease development. Therefore, identifying the specific targets and signaling pathways that are regulated by PA can give us a better understanding of how these diseases develop for the design of effective targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Fatima
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xianjing Hu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui-Hong Gong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minting Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, and Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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38
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Henderson F, Johnston HR, Badrock AP, Jones EA, Forster D, Nagaraju RT, Evangelou C, Kamarashev J, Green M, Fairclough M, Ramirez IBR, He S, Snaar-Jagalska BE, Hollywood K, Dunn WB, Spaink HP, Smith MP, Lorigan P, Claude E, Williams KJ, McMahon AW, Hurlstone A. Enhanced Fatty Acid Scavenging and Glycerophospholipid Metabolism Accompany Melanocyte Neoplasia Progression in Zebrafish. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2136-2151. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Human melanoma brain metastases cell line MUG-Mel1, isolated clones and their detailed characterization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4096. [PMID: 30858407 PMCID: PMC6411871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a leading cause of high mortality that frequently spreads to the brain and is associated with deterioration in quality and quantity of life. Treatment opportunities have been restricted until now and new therapy options are urgently required. Our focus was to reveal the potential heterogeneity of melanoma brain metastasis. We succeeded to establish a brain melanoma metastasis cell line, namely MUG-Mel1 and two resulting clones D5 and C8 by morphological variety, differences in lipidome, growth behavior, surface, and stem cell markers. Mutation analysis by next-generation sequencing, copy number profiling, and cytogenetics demonstrated the different genetic profile of MUG-Mel1 and clones. Tumorigenicity was unsuccessfully tested in various mouse systems and finally established in a zebra fish model. As innovative treatment option, with high potential to pass the blood-brain barrier a peptide isolated from lactoferricin was studied in potential toxicity. Brain metastases are a major clinical challenge, therefore the development of relevant in vitro and in vivo models derived from brain melanoma metastases provides valuable information about tumor biology and offers great potential to screen for new innovative therapies.
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40
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Regan-Fendt KE, Xu J, DiVincenzo M, Duggan MC, Shakya R, Na R, Carson WE, Payne PRO, Li F. Synergy from gene expression and network mining (SynGeNet) method predicts synergistic drug combinations for diverse melanoma genomic subtypes. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2019; 5:6. [PMID: 30820351 PMCID: PMC6391384 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-019-0085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems biology perspectives are crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of complex diseases, and therefore hold great promise for the discovery of novel treatment strategies. Drug combinations have been shown to improve durability and reduce resistance to available first-line therapies in a variety of cancers; however, traditional drug discovery approaches are prohibitively cost and labor-intensive to evaluate large-scale matrices of potential drug combinations. Computational methods are needed to efficiently model complex interactions of drug target pathways and identify mechanisms underlying drug combination synergy. In this study, we employ a computational approach, SynGeNet (Synergy from Gene expression and Network mining), which integrates transcriptomics-based connectivity mapping and network centrality analysis to analyze disease networks and predict drug combinations. As an exemplar of a disease in which combination therapies demonstrate efficacy in genomic-specific contexts, we investigate malignant melanoma. We employed SynGeNet to generate drug combination predictions for each of the four major genomic subtypes of melanoma (BRAF, NRAS, NF1, and triple wild type) using publicly available gene expression and mutation data. We validated synergistic drug combinations predicted by our method across all genomic subtypes using results from a high-throughput drug screening study across. Finally, we prospectively validated the drug combination for BRAF-mutant melanoma that was top ranked by our approach, vemurafenib (BRAF inhibitor) + tretinoin (retinoic acid receptor agonist), using both in vitro and in vivo models of BRAF-mutant melanoma and RNA-sequencing analysis of drug-treated melanoma cells to validate the predicted mechanisms. Our approach is applicable to a wide range of disease domains, and, importantly, can model disease-relevant protein subnetworks in precision medicine contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Regan-Fendt
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jielin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mallory DiVincenzo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Megan C Duggan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Reena Shakya
- Target Validation Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ryejung Na
- Target Validation Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William E Carson
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Philip R O Payne
- Institute for Informatics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fuhai Li
- Institute for Informatics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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41
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Zhang M, Di Martino JS, Bowman RL, Campbell NR, Baksh SC, Simon-Vermot T, Kim IS, Haldeman P, Mondal C, Yong-Gonzales V, Abu-Akeel M, Merghoub T, Jones DR, Zhu XG, Arora A, Ariyan CE, Birsoy K, Wolchok JD, Panageas KS, Hollmann T, Bravo-Cordero JJ, White RM. Adipocyte-Derived Lipids Mediate Melanoma Progression via FATP Proteins. Cancer Discov 2018; 8:1006-1025. [PMID: 29903879 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Advanced, metastatic melanomas frequently grow in subcutaneous tissues and portend a poor prognosis. Though subcutaneous tissues are largely composed of adipocytes, the mechanisms by which adipocytes influence melanoma are poorly understood. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we find that adipocytes increase proliferation and invasion of adjacent melanoma cells. Additionally, adipocytes directly transfer lipids to melanoma cells, which alters tumor cell metabolism. Adipocyte-derived lipids are transferred to melanoma cells through the FATP/SLC27A family of lipid transporters expressed on the tumor cell surface. Among the six FATP/SLC27A family members, melanomas significantly overexpress FATP1/SLC27A1. Melanocyte-specific FATP1 expression cooperates with BRAFV600E in transgenic zebrafish to accelerate melanoma development, an effect that is similarly seen in mouse xenograft studies. Pharmacologic blockade of FATPs with the small-molecule inhibitor Lipofermata abrogates lipid transport into melanoma cells and reduces melanoma growth and invasion. These data demonstrate that stromal adipocytes can drive melanoma progression through FATP lipid transporters and represent a new target aimed at interrupting adipocyte-melanoma cross-talk.Significance: We demonstrate that stromal adipocytes are donors of lipids that mediate melanoma progression. Adipocyte-derived lipids are taken up by FATP proteins that are aberrantly expressed in melanoma. Inhibition of FATPs decreases melanoma lipid uptake, invasion, and growth. We provide a mechanism for how stromal adipocytes drive tumor progression and demonstrate a novel microenvironmental therapeutic target. Cancer Discov; 8(8); 1006-25. ©2018 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 899.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maomao Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Julie S Di Martino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Robert L Bowman
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nathaniel R Campbell
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, New York.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sanjeethan C Baksh
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, New York
| | - Theresa Simon-Vermot
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Isabella S Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pearce Haldeman
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chandrani Mondal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Vladimir Yong-Gonzales
- Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mohsen Abu-Akeel
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Drew R Jones
- Metabolomics Core Resource Library, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Xiphias Ge Zhu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Arshi Arora
- Department of Epidemiology-Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charlotte E Ariyan
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kivanç Birsoy
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Katherine S Panageas
- Department of Epidemiology-Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Travis Hollmann
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Richard M White
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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Lazar I, Clement E, Attane C, Muller C, Nieto L. A new role for extracellular vesicles: how small vesicles can feed tumors' big appetite. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1793-1804. [PMID: 29678957 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r083725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells must adapt their metabolism in order to meet the energy requirements for cell proliferation, survival in nutrient-deprived environments, and dissemination. In particular, FA metabolism is emerging as a critical process for tumors. FA metabolism can be modulated through intrinsic changes in gene expression or signaling between tumor cells and also in response to signals from the surrounding microenvironment. Among these signals, extracellular vesicles (EVs) could play an important role in FA metabolism remodeling. In this review, we will present the role of EVs in tumor progression and especially in metabolic reprogramming. Particular attention will be granted to adipocytes. These cells, which are specialized in storing and releasing FAs, are able to shift tumor metabolism toward the use of FAs and, subsequently, increase tumor aggressiveness. Recent work demonstrates the involvement of EVs in this metabolic symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikrame Lazar
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France and Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Emily Clement
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France and Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Camille Attane
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France and Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France and Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France and Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, F-31077, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
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43
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Liotti A, Cosimato V, Mirra P, Calì G, Conza D, Secondo A, Luongo G, Terracciano D, Formisano P, Beguinot F, Insabato L, Ulianich L. Oleic acid promotes prostate cancer malignant phenotype via the G protein-coupled receptor FFA1/GPR40. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7367-7378. [PMID: 29663374 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in industrialized countries. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that obesity promotes aggressive PCa. Recently, a family of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) receptors (FFARs) has been identified and reported to affect several crucial biological functions of tumor cells such as proliferation, invasiveness, and apoptosis. Here we report that oleic acid (OA), one of the most prevalent FFA in human plasma, increases proliferation of highly malignant PC3 and DU-145 PCa cells. Furthermore, docetaxel cytotoxic action, the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of androgen-independent PCa, was significantly reduced in the presence of OA, when measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, suggesting that this FFA plays also a role in chemoresistance. OA induced intracellular calcium increase, in part due to the store operated calcium entry (SOCE), measured by a calcium imaging technique. Moreover, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was enhanced, as revealed by increased Akt phosphorylation levels. Intriguingly, attenuating the expression of FFA1/GPR40, a receptor for long chain FFA including OA, prevented the OA-induced effects. Of relevance, we found that FFA1/GPR40 is significantly overexpressed in tissue specimens of PCa, compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, at both mRNA and protein expression level, analyzed by Real Time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence experiments, respectively. Our data suggest that OA promotes an aggressive phenotype in PCa cells via FFA1/GPR40, calcium and PI3K/Akt signaling. Thus, FFA1/GPR40, might represent a potential useful prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cosimato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Mirra
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences of the University of Naples "Federico II" & URT dell'Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale "Gaetano Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale "Gaetano Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Conza
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences of the University of Naples "Federico II" & URT dell'Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale "Gaetano Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Agnese Secondo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Luongo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences of the University of Naples "Federico II" & URT dell'Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale "Gaetano Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Insabato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Ulianich
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences of the University of Naples "Federico II" & URT dell'Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale "Gaetano Salvatore", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
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44
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Chen GL, Luo Y, Eriksson D, Meng X, Qian C, Bäuerle T, Chen XX, Schett G, Bozec A. High fat diet increases melanoma cell growth in the bone marrow by inducing osteopontin and interleukin 6. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26653-69. [PMID: 27049717 PMCID: PMC5042005 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of metabolic stress induced by obesity on the bone marrow melanoma niche is largely unknown. Here we employed diet induced obese mice model, where mice received high-fat (HFD) or normal diet (ND) for 6 weeks before challenge with B16F10 melanoma cells. Tumor size, bone loss and osteoclasts numbers were assessed histologically in the tibial bones. For defining the molecular pathway, osteopontin knock-out mice, interleukin 6 neutralizing antibody or Janus kinase 2 inhibition were carried out in the same model. Mechanistic studies such as adipocyte-melanoma co-cultures for defining adipocyte induced changes of tumor cell proliferation and expression profiles were also performed. As results, HFD enhanced melanoma burden in bone by increasing tumor area and osteoclast numbers. This process was associated with higher numbers of bone marrow adipocytes expressing IL-6 in direct vicinity to tumor cells. Inhibition of IL-6 or of downstream JAK2 blocked HFD-induced tumor progression. Furthermore, the phenotypic changes of melanoma cells triggered macrophage and osteoclast accumulation accompanied by increased osteopontin expression. Osteopontin triggered osteoclastogenesis and also exerted a positive feedback loop to tumor cells, which was abrogated in its absence. Metabolic stress by HFD promotes melanoma growth in the bone marrow by an increase in bone marrow adipocytes and IL-6-JAK2-osteopontin mediated activation of tumor cells and osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Liang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Minhang District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubin Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Eriksson
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xianyi Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Institute of Radiology, University Medical Center Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiao-Xiang Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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45
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Zoico E, Darra E, Rizzatti V, Tebon M, Franceschetti G, Mazzali G, Rossi AP, Fantin F, Zamboni M. Role of adipose tissue in melanoma cancer microenvironment and progression. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 42:344-352. [PMID: 28883539 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An epidemiological association between excess weight and increased risk of cancer has been described in melanoma, for which the physiopathological mechanisms are still unknown. The study of tumor microenvironment and of the role of adipocytes in cancer development, progression and metastasis has recently received great interest. However, the role of peritumoral adipocytes has been characterized only in a few types of cancer, and in melanoma it still remains to be defined. METHODS We investigated the interactions between adipocytes and melanoma cells using an in vitro co-culture system. We studied the morphological and functional properties of 3T3-L1 adipocytes before and after co-culture with A375 melanoma cells, in order to assess the role of adipocytes on melanoma migration. RESULTS Morphological analysis showed that after 6 days of co-culture 3T3-L1 adipocytes were reduced in number and size. Moreover, we observed the appearance of dedifferentiated cells with a fibroblast-like phenotype that were not present in controls and that had lost the expression of some adipocyte-specific genes, and increased the expression of collagen, metalloproteinases and genes typical of dedifferentiation processes. Through the Matrigel Invasion Test, as well the Scratch Test, it was possible to observe that co-culture with adipocytes induced in melanoma cells increased migratory capacity, as compared with controls. In particular, the increase in migration observed in co-culture was suppressed after adding the protein SFRP-5 in the medium, supporting the involvement of the Wnt5a pathway. The activation of this pathway was further characterized by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis, showing in melanocytes in co-culture the activation of β-catenin and LEF-1, two transcription factors involved in migration processes, neo-angiogenesis and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS These data allow us to hypothesize a dedifferentiation process of adipocytes toward fibroblast-like cells, which can promote migration of melanoma cells through activation of Wnt5a and the intracellular pathways of β-catenin and LEF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zoico
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - E Darra
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - V Rizzatti
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Tebon
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Franceschetti
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Mazzali
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A P Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - F Fantin
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Zamboni
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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46
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Lin L, Ding Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Yin X, Yan G, Zhang L, Yang P, Shen H. Functional lipidomics: Palmitic acid impairs hepatocellular carcinoma development by modulating membrane fluidity and glucose metabolism. Hepatology 2017; 66:432-448. [PMID: 28073184 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lipids are essential cellular components and energy sources of living organisms, and altered lipid composition is increasingly recognized as a signature of cancer. We performed lipidomic analysis in a series of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and identified over 1,700 intact lipids originating from three major lipid categories. Comparative lipidomic screening revealed that 93 significantly changed lipids and decreased palmitic acyl (C16:0)-containing glycerophospholipids were positively associated with metastatic abilities of HCC cells. Furthermore, both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that C16:0 incubation specifically reduced malignant cell proliferation, impaired cell invasiveness, and suppressed tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. Biochemical experiments demonstrated that C16:0 treatment decreased cell membrane fluidity and limited glucose metabolism. A phosphoproteomics approach further revealed such C16:0 incubation attenuated phosphorylation levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway proteins. Multiple reaction monitoring analysis of 443 lipid molecules showed 8 reduced C16:0-containing lipids out of total 10 altered lipids when cancer tissues were compared with adjacent nontumor tissues in a cohort of clinical HCC specimens (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These data collectively demonstrate the biomedical potential of using altered lipid metabolism as a diagnostic marker for cancerous cells and open an opportunity for treating aggressive HCCs by targeting altered C16:0 metabolism. (Hepatology 2017;66:432-448).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Yin
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoquan Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huali Shen
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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47
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Santos-Laso A, Perugorria MJ, Banales JM. O-GlcNAcylation: Undesired tripmate but an opportunity for treatment in NAFLD-HCC. J Hepatol 2017; 67:218-220. [PMID: 28495427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Santos-Laso
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital - University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María J Perugorria
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital - University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jesús M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital - University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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48
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Kwan HY, Wu J, Su T, Chao XJ, Liu B, Fu X, Chan CL, Lau RHY, Tse AKW, Han QB, Fong WF, Yu ZL. Cinnamon induces browning in subcutaneous adipocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2447. [PMID: 28550279 PMCID: PMC5446408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Browning is the process of increasing the number of brite cells, which helps to increase energy expenditure and reduce obesity. Consumption of natural and non-toxic herbal extracts that possess the browning effect is an attractive anti-obesity strategy. In this study, we examined the browning effect of cinnamon extract. We found that cinnamon extract (CE) induced typical brown adipocyte multiocular phenotype in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The treatment also increased brown adipocytes markers and reduced white adipocytes markers in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In ex vivo studies, we found that CE increased brown adipocytes markers in the subcutaneous adipocytes isolated from db/db mice and diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. However, CE did not significantly affect UCP1 expression in the adipocytes isolated from perinephric adipose tissue and epididymal adipose tissue. β3-adernergic receptor (β3-AR) antagonist reduced the CE-enhanced UCP1 expression, suggesting an involvement of the β3-AR activity. Oral administration of CE significantly increased UCP1 expression in the subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo and reduced the body weight of the DIO mice. Taken together, our data suggest that CE has a browning effect in subcutaneous adipocytes. Our study suggests a natural non-toxic herbal remedy to reduce obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu Yee Kwan
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China. .,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tao Su
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Chao
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuqiong Fu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi Leung Chan
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rebecca Hiu Ying Lau
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anfernee Kai Wing Tse
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quan Bin Han
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wang Fun Fong
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China. .,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.
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49
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Duong MN, Geneste A, Fallone F, Li X, Dumontet C, Muller C. The fat and the bad: Mature adipocytes, key actors in tumor progression and resistance. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57622-57641. [PMID: 28915700 PMCID: PMC5593672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence has raised the important roles of adipocytes as an active player in the tumor microenvironment. In many tumors adipocytes are in close contact with cancer cells. They secrete various factors that can mediate local and systemic effects. The adipocyte-cancer cell crosstalk leads to phenotypical and functional changes of both cell types, which can further enhance tumor progression. Moreover, obesity, which is associated with an increase in adipose mass and an alteration of adipose tissue, has been established as a risk factor for cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of the adipocyte-cancer cell crosstalk in both obese and lean conditions as well as its impact on cancer cell growth, local invasion, metastatic spread and resistance to treatments. Better characterization of cancer-associated adipocytes and the key molecular events in the adipocyte-cancer cell crosstalk will provide insights into tumor biology and suggest efficient therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ngoc Duong
- Department of Oncology/CHUV-UNIL, Biopole 3, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Aline Geneste
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM UMR 1052/CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - Frederique Fallone
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Xia Li
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Charles Dumontet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM UMR 1052/CNRS 5286, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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50
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Clement E, Lazar I, Muller C, Nieto L. Obesity and melanoma: could fat be fueling malignancy? Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 30:294-306. [PMID: 28222242 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, it has become increasingly clear that adipose tissue, and particularly adipocytes, contributes to tumor progression. Obesity, an ever-increasing worldwide phenomenon, exacerbates this effect. The influence of obesity on melanoma remains poorly studied, although recent data do underline an association between the two diseases in both humans and murine models. Herein, we review the impact of obesity on melanoma incidence and progression and discuss the underlying mechanisms known to be involved. Adipose tissue favors the proliferation and aggressiveness of melanoma cells through a direct dialog, mediated by soluble factors and by exosomes, and through remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. This knowledge could, in the future, help to design new personalized therapeutic options for obese melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Clement
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Ikrame Lazar
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
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