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Tang Y, Majewska M, Leß B, Mehmeti I, Wollnitzke P, Semleit N, Levkau B, Saba JD, van Echten-Deckert G, Gurgul-Convey E. The fate of intracellular S1P regulates lipid droplet turnover and lipotoxicity in pancreatic beta-cells. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100587. [PMID: 38950680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipotoxicity has been considered the main cause of pancreatic beta-cell failure during type 2 diabetes development. Lipid droplets (LD) are believed to regulate the beta-cell sensitivity to free fatty acids (FFA), but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. Accumulating evidence points, however, to an important role of intracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) metabolism in lipotoxicity-mediated disturbances of beta-cell function. In the present study, we compared the effects of an increased irreversible S1P degradation (S1P-lyase, SPL overexpression) with those associated with an enhanced S1P recycling (overexpression of S1P phosphatase 1, SGPP1) on LD formation and lipotoxicity in rat INS1E beta-cells. Interestingly, although both approaches led to a reduced S1P concentration, they had opposite effects on the susceptibility to FFA. Overexpression of SGPP1 prevented FFA-mediated caspase-3 activation by a mechanism involving an enhanced lipid storage capacity and prevention of oxidative stress. In contrast, SPL overexpression limited LD biogenesis, content, and size, while accelerating lipophagy. This was associated with FFA-induced hydrogen peroxide formation, mitochondrial fragmentation, and dysfunction, as well as ER stress. These changes coincided with the upregulation of proapoptotic ceramides but were independent of lipid peroxidation rate. Also in human EndoC-βH1 beta-cells, suppression of SPL with simultaneous overexpression of SGPP1 led to a similar and even more pronounced LD phenotype as that in INS1E-SGPP1 cells. Thus, intracellular S1P turnover significantly regulates LD content and size and influences beta-cell sensitivity to FFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Tang
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mariola Majewska
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Britta Leß
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ilir Mehmeti
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Wollnitzke
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Semleit
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julie D Saba
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California. San Francisco, Oakland, CA, USA
| | | | - Ewa Gurgul-Convey
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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2
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Padwal MK, Basu S, Basu B. Application of Machine Learning in Predicting Hepatic Metastasis or Primary Site in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:9244-9261. [PMID: 37887568 PMCID: PMC10605255 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) account for 80% of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). GEP-NETs are well-differentiated tumors, highly heterogeneous in biology and origin, and are often diagnosed at the metastatic stage. Diagnosis is commonly through clinical symptoms, histopathology, and PET-CT imaging, while molecular markers for metastasis and the primary site are unknown. Here, we report the identification of multi-gene signatures for hepatic metastasis and primary sites through analyses on RNA-SEQ datasets of pancreatic and small intestinal NETs tissue samples. Relevant gene features, identified from the normalized RNA-SEQ data using the mRMRe algorithm, were used to develop seven Machine Learning models (LDA, RF, CART, k-NN, SVM, XGBOOST, GBM). Two multi-gene random forest (RF) models classified primary and metastatic samples with 100% accuracy in training and test cohorts and >90% accuracy in an independent validation cohort. Similarly, three multi-gene RF models identified the pancreas or small intestine as the primary site with 100% accuracy in training and test cohorts, and >95% accuracy in an independent cohort. Multi-label models for concurrent prediction of hepatic metastasis and primary site returned >98.42% and >87.42% accuracies on training and test cohorts, respectively. A robust molecular signature to predict liver metastasis or the primary site for GEP-NETs is reported for the first time and could complement the clinical management of GEP-NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Padwal
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India;
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India;
| | - Sandip Basu
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India;
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Hospital Annexe, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Bhakti Basu
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India;
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India;
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Okundaye B, Biyani N, Moitra S, Zhang K. The Golgi-localized sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase is indispensable for Leishmania major. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16064. [PMID: 36163400 PMCID: PMC9513092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase (SPP) catalyzes the dephosphorylation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) into sphingosine, the reverse reaction of sphingosine kinase. In mammals, S1P acts as a potent bioactive molecule regulating cell proliferation, migration, and immunity. In Leishmania, S1P production is crucial for the synthesis of ethanolamine and choline phospholipids, and cell survival under stress conditions. To better understand the roles of S1P, we characterized a SPP ortholog in Leishmania major which displays activity towards S1P but not structurally related lipids such as ceramide-1-phosphate or lysophosphatidic acid. While this enzyme is found in the endoplasmic reticulum in mammalian cells, L. major SPP is localized at the Golgi apparatus. Importantly, chromosomal SPP alleles cannot be deleted from L. major even with the addition of a complementing episome, suggesting that endogenously expressed SPP is essential. Finally, SPP overexpression in L. major leads to a slower growth rate and heightened sensitivity to brefeldin A and sodium orthovanadate. Together, these results suggest that the equilibrium between S1P and sphingosine is vital for the function of Golgi apparatus in Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Okundaye
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Neha Biyani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
- Lantern Pharma Inc., 1920 McKinney Ave., Dallas, TX, 75201, USA
| | - Samrat Moitra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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Castell AL, Vivoli A, Tippetts TS, Frayne IR, Angeles ZE, Moullé VS, Campbell SA, Ruiz M, Ghislain J, Des Rosiers C, Holland WL, Summers SA, Poitout V. Very-Long-Chain Unsaturated Sphingolipids Mediate Oleate-Induced Rat β-Cell Proliferation. Diabetes 2022; 71:1218-1232. [PMID: 35287172 PMCID: PMC9163557 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) signaling contributes to β-cell mass expansion in response to nutrient excess, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the presence of elevated glucose, FA metabolism is shifted toward synthesis of complex lipids, including sphingolipids. Here, we tested the hypothesis that sphingolipids are involved in the β-cell proliferative response to FA. Isolated rat islets were exposed to FA and 16.7 mmol/L glucose for 48-72 h, and the contribution of the de novo sphingolipid synthesis pathway was tested using the serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor myriocin, the sphingosine kinase (SphK) inhibitor SKI II, or knockdown of SphK, fatty acid elongase 1 (ELOVL1) and acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP). Rats were infused with glucose and the lipid emulsion ClinOleic and received SKI II by gavage. β-Cell proliferation was assessed by immunochemistry or flow cytometry. Sphingolipids were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Among the FAs tested, only oleate increased β-cell proliferation. Myriocin, SKI II, and SphK knockdown all decreased oleate-induced β-cell proliferation. Oleate exposure did not increase the total amount of sphingolipids but led to a specific rise in 24:1 species. Knockdown of ACBP or ELOVL1 inhibited oleate-induced β-cell proliferation. We conclude that unsaturated very-long-chain sphingolipids produced from the available C24:1 acyl-CoA pool mediate oleate-induced β-cell proliferation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Castell
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexis Vivoli
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Trevor S. Tippetts
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Zuraya Elisa Angeles
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valentine S. Moullé
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Scott A. Campbell
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Metabolomic Platform, Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julien Ghislain
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Metabolomic Platform, Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William L. Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Vincent Poitout
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Corresponding author: Vincent Poitout,
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5
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Song L, Han R, Yin H, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Yang Z, Bai J, Guo M. Sphingolipid metabolism plays a key role in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Metabolomics 2022; 18:32. [PMID: 35596842 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the most common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) seriously affects the quality of life of DM patients. So, it is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of DPN. In recent years, there have been numerous studies on pathogenesis and biomarkers of DM, but there are few studies on the biomarkers of DPN. OBJECTIVES This research is intended to identify abnormal metabolic pathways, search for potential biomarkers of DPN, and provide a metabolic basis for the diagnosis and mechanism of DPN. METHODS Serum samples from 23 healthy controls (HC), 42 DM patients and 30 DPN patients and urine samples from 42 HC, 40 DM patients, and 30 DPN patients were collected. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to analyze the samples. Potential biomarkers were screened from principal component analysis (PCA) to orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and further evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC). The biomarkers were then enriched and pathway analyzed. RESULTS 12 potential DPN biomarkers were identified from patient's serum. 11 potential DPN biomarkers were identified from the patient's urine. Among them, the diagnostic ability of gluconic acid, lipoic acid, sphinganine, bilirubin, sphingosine and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid was increased by ROC analysis. Potential biomarkers suggest that the disorder of DPN metabolism may be linked to sphingolipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This research laid a theoretical foundation for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqing Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist., 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Bai
- Tianjin Nankai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 28 Guangkaixin Street, Nankai District, 300102, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Maojuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jian Kang Chan Ye Yuan, Jinghai Dist, 301617, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Hu Y, Dai K. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Metabolism and Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:67-76. [PMID: 35503175 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a well-defined bioactive lipid molecule derived from membrane sphingolipid metabolism. In the past decades, a series of key enzymes involved in generation of S1P have been identified and characterized in detail, as well as enzymes degrading S1P. S1P requires transporter to cross the plasma membrane and carrier to deliver to its cognate receptors and therefore transduces signaling in autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine fashions. The essential roles in regulation of development, metabolism, inflammation, and many other aspects of life are mainly executed when S1P binds to receptors provoking the downstream signaling cascades in distinct cells. This chapter will review the synthesis, degradation, transportation, and signaling of S1P and try to provide a comprehensive view of the biology of S1P, evoking new enthusiasms and ideas into the field of the fascinating S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kezhi Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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7
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Gurgul-Convey E. To Be or Not to Be: The Divergent Action and Metabolism of Sphingosine-1 Phosphate in Pancreatic Beta-Cells in Response to Cytokines and Fatty Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031638. [PMID: 35163559 PMCID: PMC8835924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid with multiple functions conveyed by the activation of cell surface receptors and/or intracellular mediators. A growing body of evidence indicates its important role in pancreatic insulin-secreting beta-cells that are necessary for maintenance of glucose homeostasis. The dysfunction and/or death of beta-cells lead to diabetes development. Diabetes is a serious public health burden with incidence growing rapidly in recent decades. The two major types of diabetes are the autoimmune-mediated type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and the metabolic stress-related type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Despite many differences in the development, both types of diabetes are characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and inflammation. The inflammatory component of diabetes remains under-characterized. Recent years have brought new insights into the possible mechanism involved in the increased inflammatory response, suggesting that environmental factors such as a westernized diet may participate in this process. Dietary lipids, particularly palmitate, are substrates for the biosynthesis of bioactive sphingolipids. Disturbed serum sphingolipid profiles were observed in both T1DM and T2DM patients. Many polymorphisms were identified in genes encoding enzymes of the sphingolipid pathway, including sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2), the S1P generating enzyme which is highly expressed in beta-cells. Proinflammatory cytokines and free fatty acids have been shown to modulate the expression and activity of S1P-generating and S1P-catabolizing enzymes. In this review, the similarities and differences in the action of extracellular and intracellular S1P in beta-cells exposed to cytokines or free fatty acids will be identified and the outlook for future research will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Gurgul-Convey
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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8
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Zhou N, Liu L, Zou R, Zou M, Zhang M, Cao F, Liu W, Yuan H, Huang G, Ma L, Chen X. Circular Network of Coregulated Sphingolipids Dictates Chronic Hypoxia Damage in Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:780123. [PMID: 35097000 PMCID: PMC8792512 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.780123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic heart disease. However, the association of cardiac metabolic reprogramming changes and underlying molecular mechanisms in TOF-related chronic myocardial hypoxia damage are still unclear. Methods: In this study, we combined microarray transcriptomics analysis with liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) spectrum metabolomics analysis to establish the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in response to chronic hypoxia damage. Two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, GSE132176 and GSE141955, were downloaded to analyze the metabolic pathway in TOF. Then, a metabolomics analysis of the clinical samples (right atrial tissue and plasma) was performed. Additionally, an association analysis between differential metabolites and clinical phenotypes was performed. Next, four key genes related to sphingomyelin metabolism were screened and their expression was validated by real-time quantitative PCR (QT-PCR). Results: The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that sphingolipid metabolism was downregulated in TOF and the metabolomics analysis showed that multiple sphingolipids were dysregulated. Additionally, genes related to sphingomyelin metabolism were identified. We found that four core genes, UDP-Glucose Ceramide Glucosyltransferase (UGCG), Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Phosphatase 2 (SGPP2), Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylase (FA2H), and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Phosphatase 1 (SGPP1), were downregulated in TOF. Conclusion: Sphingolipid metabolism was downregulated in TOF; however, the detailed mechanism needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongjun Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huili Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guodong Huang
| | - Li Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Li Ma
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Heart Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Xinxin Chen
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Sphingosine Kinase 1 Plays an Important Role in Atorvastatin-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effect against Acute Lung Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2021:9247285. [PMID: 34970075 PMCID: PMC8714370 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9247285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atorvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) inhibitor and inhibits cholesterol synthesis. Recently, atorvastatin also showed anti-inflammatory effect in acute lung injury, ameliorating pulmonary gas-blood exchanging function. Sphingosine kinase 1 plays a central role in endothelial (EC) cytoskeleton rearrangement and EC barrier integrity regulation. In this study, the role of sphingosine kinase 1 in atorvastatin anti-inflammatory effect against acute lung injury was investigated. Both wild-type (WT) and SphK1-/- mice were challenged with high tidal volume ventilation (40 ml/kg body weight, 65 breathing/min, 4 hours). The acute lung injury was evaluated and the mechanisms were explored. In WT mice, atorvastatin treatment significantly decreased acute lung injury responding to high tidal volume ventilation (HT), including protein, cellular infiltration, and cytokine releasing; comparing to WT mice, SphK1-/- mice showed significantly worsen pulmonary injuries on HT model. Moreover, the atorvastatin-mediated anti-inflammatory effect was diminished in SphK1-/- mice. To further confirm the role of SphK1 in VILI, we then compared the inflammatory response of endothelial cells that were isolated from WT and SphK1-/- mice to cyclic stretching. Similarly, atorvastatin significantly decreased cytokine generation from WT EC responding to cyclic stretching. Atorvastatin also significantly preserved endothelial junction integrity in WT EC against thrombin challenge. However, the inhibitory effect of atorvastatin on cytokine generation induced by cyclic stretching was abolished on SphK1-/- mice EC. The endothelial junction integrity effects of atorvastatin also diminished on SphK1-/- mouse EC. Signal analysis indicated that atorvastatin inhibited JNK activation induced by cyclic stretch. SphK1 knockout also blocked atorvastatin-mediated VE-cadherin junction enhancement. In summary, by inhibition of MAPK activity and maintenance of EC junction homeostasis, SphK1 plays a critical role in atorvastatin-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in both cellular and in vivo model. This study also offers an insight into mechanical stress-mediated acute lung injury and potential therapy in the future.
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10
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Zhu Y, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Li L, Wu Z, Ding K. NUDT21 Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis Through Modulating SGPP2 in Human Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:670353. [PMID: 34660260 PMCID: PMC8514838 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.670353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the major malignancies with poor survival outcome. In this study, we reported that NUDT21 promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration and invasion in gastric cancer cells. The expression levels of NUDT21 were found to be much higher in human gastric cancer tissues compared with normal gastric tissues. NUDT21 expression was positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage in gastric cancer patients. High level of NUDT21 was associated with poor overall survival (OS) rates in gastric cancer patients. The expression levels of NUDT21 were also much higher in gastric cancer tissues from patients with tumor metastasis compared with those of patients without tumor metastasis. Moreover, forced expression of NUDT21 in gastric cancer cells promoted tumor growth and cell proliferation in xenograft nude mice, and depletion of NUDT21 in gastric cancer cells restrained lung metastasis in vivo. Through high throughput RNA-sequencing, SGPP2 was identified to be positively regulated by NUDT21 and mediated the tumor promoting role of NUDT21 in gastric cancer cells. Therefore, NUDT21 played an oncogenic role in human gastric cancer cells. NUDT21 could be considered as a novel potential target for gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rumeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Science and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengsheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Keshuo Ding
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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11
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Cui M, Göbel V, Zhang H. Uncovering the 'sphinx' of sphingosine 1-phosphate signalling: from cellular events to organ morphogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:251-272. [PMID: 34585505 PMCID: PMC9292677 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, functioning as a signalling molecule in diverse cellular processes. Over the past few decades, studies of S1P signalling have revealed that the physiological activity of S1P largely depends on S1P metabolizing enzymes, transporters and receptors on the plasma membrane, as well as on the intracellular proteins that S1P binds directly to. In addition to its roles in cancer signalling, immunity and inflammation, a large body of evidence has identified a close link of S1P signalling with organ morphogenesis. Here we discuss the vital role of S1P signalling in orchestrating various cellular events during organ morphogenesis through analysing each component along the extracellular and intracellular S1P signalling axes. For each component, we review advances in our understanding of S1P signalling and function from the upstream regulators to the downstream effectors and from cellular behaviours to tissue organization, primarily in the context of morphogenetic mechanisms. S1P-mediated vesicular trafficking is also discussed as a function independent of its signalling function. A picture emerges that reveals a multifaceted role of S1P-dependent pathways in the development and maintenance of organ structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiao Cui
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Verena Göbel
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, U.S.A
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China.,MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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12
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Ceramide Metabolism Enzymes-Therapeutic Targets against Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57070729. [PMID: 34357010 PMCID: PMC8303233 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57070729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are both structural molecules that are essential for cell architecture and second messengers that are involved in numerous cell functions. Ceramide is the central hub of sphingolipid metabolism. In addition to being the precursor of complex sphingolipids, ceramides induce cell cycle arrest and promote cell death and inflammation. At least some of the enzymes involved in the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism are altered in carcinogenesis, and some are targets for anticancer drugs. A number of scientific reports have shown how alterations in sphingolipid pools can affect cell proliferation, survival and migration. Determination of sphingolipid levels and the regulation of the enzymes that are implicated in their metabolism is a key factor for developing novel therapeutic strategies or improving conventional therapies. The present review highlights the importance of bioactive sphingolipids and their regulatory enzymes as targets for therapeutic interventions with especial emphasis in carcinogenesis and cancer dissemination.
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13
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Quinville BM, Deschenes NM, Ryckman AE, Walia JS. A Comprehensive Review: Sphingolipid Metabolism and Implications of Disruption in Sphingolipid Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115793. [PMID: 34071409 PMCID: PMC8198874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a specialized group of lipids essential to the composition of the plasma membrane of many cell types; however, they are primarily localized within the nervous system. The amphipathic properties of sphingolipids enable their participation in a variety of intricate metabolic pathways. Sphingoid bases are the building blocks for all sphingolipid derivatives, comprising a complex class of lipids. The biosynthesis and catabolism of these lipids play an integral role in small- and large-scale body functions, including participation in membrane domains and signalling; cell proliferation, death, migration, and invasiveness; inflammation; and central nervous system development. Recently, sphingolipids have become the focus of several fields of research in the medical and biological sciences, as these bioactive lipids have been identified as potent signalling and messenger molecules. Sphingolipids are now being exploited as therapeutic targets for several pathologies. Here we present a comprehensive review of the structure and metabolism of sphingolipids and their many functional roles within the cell. In addition, we highlight the role of sphingolipids in several pathologies, including inflammatory disease, cystic fibrosis, cancer, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, and lysosomal storage disorders.
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14
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Lysophospholipids in Lung Inflammatory Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:373-391. [PMID: 33788203 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The lysophospholipids (LPLs) belong to a group of bioactive lipids that play pivotal roles in several physiological and pathological processes. LPLs are derivatives of phospholipids and consist of a single hydrophobic fatty acid chain, a hydrophilic head, and a phosphate group with or without a large molecule attached. Among the LPLs, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are the simplest, and have been shown to be involved in lung inflammatory symptoms and diseases such as acute lung injury, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate LPA and S1P signaling. In this chapter, we will discuss on the role of LPA, S1P, their metabolizing enzymes, inhibitors or agonists of their receptors, and their GPCR-mediated signaling in lung inflammatory symptoms and diseases, focusing specially on acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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15
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Wigger D, Schumacher F, Schneider-Schaulies S, Kleuser B. Sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism and insulin signaling. Cell Signal 2021; 82:109959. [PMID: 33631318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is the main anabolic hormone secreted by β-cells of the pancreas stimulating the assimilation and storage of glucose in muscle and fat cells. It modulates the postprandial balance of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins via enhancing lipogenesis, glycogen and protein synthesis and suppressing glucose generation and its release from the liver. Resistance to insulin is a severe metabolic disorder related to a diminished response of peripheral tissues to the insulin action and signaling. This leads to a disturbed glucose homeostasis that precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a disease reaching epidemic proportions. A large number of studies reported an association between elevated circulating fatty acids and the development of insulin resistance. The increased fatty acid lipid flux results in the accumulation of lipid droplets in a variety of tissues. However, lipid intermediates such as diacylglycerols and ceramides are also formed in response to elevated fatty acid levels. These bioactive lipids have been associated with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. More recently, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), another bioactive sphingolipid derivative, has also been shown to increase in T2D and obesity. Although many studies propose a protective role of S1P metabolism on insulin signaling in peripheral tissues, other studies suggest a causal role of S1P on insulin resistance. In this review, we critically summarize the current state of knowledge of S1P metabolism and its modulating role on insulin resistance. A particular emphasis is placed on S1P and insulin signaling in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In particular, modulation of receptors and enzymes that regulate S1P metabolism can be considered as a new therapeutic option for the treatment of insulin resistance and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wigger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
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16
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Sphingolipids in Type 1 Diabetes: Focus on Beta-Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081835. [PMID: 32759843 PMCID: PMC7465050 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease, with a strong genetic background, leading to a gradual loss of pancreatic beta-cells, which secrete insulin and control glucose homeostasis. Patients with T1DM require life-long substitution with insulin and are at high risk for development of severe secondary complications. The incidence of T1DM has been continuously growing in the last decades, indicating an important contribution of environmental factors. Accumulating data indicates that sphingolipids may be crucially involved in T1DM development. The serum lipidome of T1DM patients is characterized by significantly altered sphingolipid composition compared to nondiabetic, healthy probands. Recently, several polymorphisms in the genes encoding the enzymatic machinery for sphingolipid production have been identified in T1DM individuals. Evidence gained from studies in rodent islets and beta-cells exposed to cytokines indicates dysregulation of the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway and impaired function of several sphingolipids. Moreover, a number of glycosphingolipids have been suggested to act as beta-cell autoantigens. Studies in animal models of autoimmune diabetes, such as the Non Obese Diabetic (NOD) mouse and the LEW.1AR1-iddm (IDDM) rat, indicate a crucial role of sphingolipids in immune cell trafficking, islet infiltration and diabetes development. In this review, the up-to-date status on the findings about sphingolipids in T1DM will be provided, the under-investigated research areas will be identified and perspectives for future studies will be given.
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17
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Guitton J, Bandet CL, Mariko ML, Tan-Chen S, Bourron O, Benomar Y, Hajduch E, Le Stunff H. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism in the Regulation of Obesity/Type 2 Diabetes. Cells 2020; 9:E1682. [PMID: 32668665 PMCID: PMC7407406 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pathophysiological condition where excess free fatty acids (FFA) target and promote the dysfunctioning of insulin sensitive tissues and of pancreatic β cells. This leads to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, which culminates in the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). FFA, which accumulate in these tissues, are metabolized as lipid derivatives such as ceramide, and the ectopic accumulation of the latter has been shown to lead to lipotoxicity. Ceramide is an active lipid that inhibits the insulin signaling pathway as well as inducing pancreatic β cell death. In mammals, ceramide is a key lipid intermediate for sphingolipid metabolism as is sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P levels have also been associated with the development of obesity and T2D. In this review, the current knowledge on S1P metabolism in regulating insulin signaling in pancreatic β cell fate and in the regulation of feeding by the hypothalamus in the context of obesity and T2D is summarized. It demonstrates that S1P can display opposite effects on insulin sensitive tissues and pancreatic β cells, which depends on its origin or its degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Guitton
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Cecile L. Bandet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mohamed L. Mariko
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bourron
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Diabétologie et Maladies métaboliques, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yacir Benomar
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
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18
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Park WJ, Park JW. The role of sphingolipids in endoplasmic reticulum stress. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3632-3651. [PMID: 32538465 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important intracellular compartment in eukaryotic cells and has diverse functions, including protein synthesis, protein folding, lipid metabolism and calcium homeostasis. ER functions are disrupted by various intracellular and extracellular stimuli that cause ER stress, including the inhibition of glycosylation, disulphide bond reduction, ER calcium store depletion, impaired protein transport to the Golgi, excessive ER protein synthesis, impairment of ER-associated protein degradation and mutated ER protein expression. Distinct ER stress signalling pathways, which are known as the unfolded protein response, are deployed to maintain ER homeostasis, and a failure to reverse ER stress triggers cell death. Sphingolipids are lipids that are structurally characterized by long-chain bases, including sphingosine or dihydrosphingosine (also known as sphinganine). Sphingolipids are bioactive molecules long known to regulate various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and cell-cell interaction. Recent studies have uncovered that specific sphingolipids are involved in ER stress. This review summarizes the roles of sphingolipids in ER stress and human diseases in the context of pathogenic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jae Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Joo-Won Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Clarke BA, Majumder S, Zhu H, Lee YT, Kono M, Li C, Khanna C, Blain H, Schwartz R, Huso VL, Byrnes C, Tuymetova G, Dunn TM, Allende ML, Proia RL. The Ormdl genes regulate the sphingolipid synthesis pathway to ensure proper myelination and neurologic function in mice. eLife 2019; 8:51067. [PMID: 31880535 PMCID: PMC6934382 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are membrane and bioactive lipids that are required for many aspects of normal mammalian development and physiology. However, the importance of the regulatory mechanisms that control sphingolipid levels in these processes is not well understood. The mammalian ORMDL proteins (ORMDL1, 2 and 3) mediate feedback inhibition of the de novo synthesis pathway of sphingolipids by inhibiting serine palmitoyl transferase in response to elevated ceramide levels. To understand the function of ORMDL proteins in vivo, we studied mouse knockouts (KOs) of the Ormdl genes. We found that Ormdl1 and Ormdl3 function redundantly to suppress the levels of bioactive sphingolipid metabolites during myelination of the sciatic nerve. Without proper ORMDL-mediated regulation of sphingolipid synthesis, severe dysmyelination results. Our data indicate that the Ormdls function to restrain sphingolipid metabolism in order to limit levels of dangerous metabolic intermediates that can interfere with essential physiological processes such as myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Clarke
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Saurav Majumder
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Hongling Zhu
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Y Terry Lee
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Cuiling Li
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Caroline Khanna
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Hailey Blain
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Ronit Schwartz
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Vienna L Huso
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Colleen Byrnes
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Galina Tuymetova
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Teresa M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, United States
| | - Maria L Allende
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
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20
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Sui J, He M, Wang Y, Zhao X, He Y, Shi B. Sphingolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular complications. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3603-3614. [PMID: 31602237 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolism is dysregulated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the focus of previous studies was mostly limited to ceramide (Cer), and only few studies have investigated other metabolites, including sphingosine-1 phosphate (So1P). The present study aimed to examine the involvement of 8 major sphingolipid metabolites, including Cer, glucosyl ceramide (GluCer), lactosyl ceramide (LacCer), sphingomyelin (SM), sphinganine (Sa), So1P, sphingosine (So) and sphinganine-1-phosphate (Sa1P), during the progression of T2DM, and to evaluate the ability of serum sphingolipids to predict cases of diabetes with an elevated risk of cardiovascular complications. Blood samples were obtained from 245 participants who were divided into 3 groups: Healthy controls, pre-diabetes (pre-DM) and diagnosed diabetes. The 8 major sphingolipid metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and blood parameters were determined by routine laboratory assays for all subjects. Among the sphingolipid metabolites, So1P was associated with sex and lean mass index, but not with the body mass index. So1P was highest in healthy controls and gradually decreased when the disease proceeded to pre-DM and T2DM. GluCer, SM, Sa and So decreased in pre-DM and rose again in T2DM, graphically exhibiting a 'U' shape change during the progression of diabetes. So1P and Sa were identified to be significantly associated with cardiovascular complications by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis also suggested that So1P and Sa were able to indicate cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients. Pre-DM and diabetes were significantly associated with decreased So1P, SM, Sa and So, compared with the healthy controls. So1P was correlated with the progression of T2DM, and was a predictor of an elevated risk of cardiovascular complications among T2DM patients, along with Sa. The present study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT02826759; April 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sui
- Department of Endocrinology and International Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mingqian He
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yizhi He
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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21
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Bennett MK, Wallington-Beddoe CT, Pitson SM. Sphingolipids and the unfolded protein response. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1483-1494. [PMID: 31176037 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a response by the endoplasmic reticulum to stress, classically caused by any disruption to cell homeostasis that results in an accumulation in unfolded proteins. However, there is an increasing body of research demonstrating that the UPR can also be activated by changes in lipid homeostasis, including changes in sphingolipid metabolism. Sphingolipids are a family of bioactive lipids with important roles in both the formation and integrity of cellular membranes, and regulation of key cellular processes, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. Bi-directional interactions between sphingolipids and the UPR have now been observed in a range of diseases, including cancer, diabetes and liver disease. Determining how these two key cellular components influence each other could play an important role in deciphering the causes of these diseases and potentially reveal new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Bennett
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Craig T Wallington-Beddoe
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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22
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Shafik NM, Gaber RA, Mohamed DA, Ebeid AM. Hesperidin modulates dextran sulfate sodium‐induced ulcerative colitis in rats: Targeting sphingosine kinase‐1‐ sphingosine 1 phosphate signaling pathway, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22312. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noha M. Shafik
- Department of Medical BiochemistryFaculty of Medicine, Tanta University Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Gaber
- Department of Medical BiochemistryFaculty of Medicine, Tanta University Egypt
| | - Darin A. Mohamed
- Department of HistopathologyFaculty of Medicine, Tanta University Egypt
| | - Abla M. Ebeid
- Department of Clinical PharmacyFaculty of Pharmacy, Al‐Delta UniversityGamasa Egypt
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23
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Seferovic MD, Beamish CA, Mosser RE, Townsend SE, Pappan K, Poitout V, Aagaard KM, Gannon M. Increases in bioactive lipids accompany early metabolic changes associated with β-cell expansion in response to short-term high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1251-E1263. [PMID: 30106624 PMCID: PMC6336958 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00001.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell expansion is a highly regulated metabolic adaptation to increased somatic demands, including obesity and pregnancy; adult β cells otherwise rarely proliferate. We previously showed that high-fat diet (HFD) feeding induces mouse β-cell proliferation in less than 1 wk in the absence of insulin resistance. Here we metabolically profiled tissues from a short-term HFD β-cell expansion mouse model to identify pathways and metabolite changes associated with β-cell proliferation. Mice fed HFD vs. chow diet (CD) showed a 14.3% increase in body weight after 7 days; β-cell proliferation increased 1.75-fold without insulin resistance. Plasma from 1-wk HFD-fed mice induced β-cell proliferation ex vivo. The plasma, as well as liver, skeletal muscle, and bone, were assessed by LC and GC mass-spectrometry for global metabolite changes. Of the 1,283 metabolites detected, 159 showed significant changes [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.1]. The majority of changes were in liver and muscle. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed key metabolic changes in steroid synthesis and lipid metabolism, including free fatty acids and other bioactive lipids. Other important enrichments included changes in the citric acid cycle and 1-carbon metabolism pathways implicated in DNA methylation. Although the minority of changes were observed in bone and plasma (<20), increased p-cresol sulfate was increased >4 fold in plasma (the largest increase in all tissues), and pantothenate (vitamin B5) decreased >2-fold. The results suggest that HFD-mediated β-cell expansion is associated with complex, global metabolite changes. The finding could be a significant insight into Type 2 diabetes pathogenesis and potential novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim D Seferovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Christine A Beamish
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute , Houston, Texas
| | - Rockann E Mosser
- Department of Veterans Affairs , Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shannon E Townsend
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Veterans Affairs , Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
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Abstract
Studies of bioactive lipids in general and sphingolipids in particular have intensified over the past several years, revealing an unprecedented and unanticipated complexity of the lipidome and its many functions, which rivals, if not exceeds, that of the genome or proteome. These results highlight critical roles for bioactive sphingolipids in most, if not all, major cell biological responses, including all major cell signalling pathways, and they link sphingolipid metabolism to key human diseases. Nevertheless, the fairly nascent field of bioactive sphingolipids still faces challenges in its biochemical and molecular underpinnings, including defining the molecular mechanisms of pathway and enzyme regulation, the study of lipid-protein interactions and the development of cellular probes, suitable biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Hannun
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA
- Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York 11768, USA
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25
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Hahn C, Tyka K, Saba JD, Lenzen S, Gurgul-Convey E. Overexpression of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase protects insulin-secreting cells against cytokine toxicity. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20292-20304. [PMID: 29070677 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.814491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a crucial role of inflammation in cytokine-mediated β-cell dysfunction and death in type 1 diabetes mellitus, although the mechanisms are incompletely understood. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a multifunctional bioactive sphingolipid involved in the development of many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we investigated the role of intracellular S1P in insulin-secreting INS1E cells by genetically manipulating the S1P-metabolizing enzyme S1P lyase (SPL). The expression of spl was down-regulated by cytokines in INS1E cells and rat islets. Overexpression of SPL protected against cytokine toxicity. Interestingly, the SPL overexpression did not suppress the cytokine-induced NFκB-iNOS-NO pathway but attenuated calcium leakage from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores as manifested by lower cytosolic calcium levels, higher expression of the ER protein Sec61a, decreased dephosphorylation of Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad) protein, and weaker caspase-3 activation in cytokine-treated (IL-1β, TNFα, and IFNγ) cells. This coincided with reduced cytokine-mediated ER stress, indicated by measurements of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (chop) and immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (bip) levels. Moreover, cytokine-treated SPL-overexpressing cells exhibited increased expression of prohibitin 2 (Phb2), involved in the regulation of mitochondrial assembly and respiration. SPL-overexpressing cells were partially protected against cytokine-mediated ATP reduction and inhibition of glucose-induced insulin secretion. siRNA-mediated spl suppression resulted in effects opposite to those observed for SPL overexpression. Knockdown of phb2 partially reversed beneficial effects of SPL overexpression. In conclusion, the relatively low endogenous Spl expression level in insulin-secreting cells contributes to their extraordinary vulnerability to proinflammatory cytokine toxicity and may therefore represent a promising target for β-cell protection in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Hahn
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karolina Tyka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Julie D Saba
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94609
| | - Sigurd Lenzen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ewa Gurgul-Convey
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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26
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"Dicing and Splicing" Sphingosine Kinase and Relevance to Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091891. [PMID: 28869494 PMCID: PMC5618540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is a lipid enzyme that maintains cellular lipid homeostasis. Two SphK isozymes, SphK1 and SphK2, are expressed from different chromosomes and several variant isoforms are expressed from each of the isozymes, allowing for the multi-faceted biological diversity of SphK activity. Historically, SphK1 is mainly associated with oncogenicity, however in reality, both SphK1 and SphK2 isozymes possess oncogenic properties and are recognized therapeutic targets. The absence of mutations of SphK in various cancer types has led to the theory that cancer cells develop a dependency on SphK signaling (hyper-SphK signaling) or “non-oncogenic addiction”. Here we discuss additional theories of SphK cellular mislocation and aberrant “dicing and splicing” as contributors to cancer cell biology and as key determinants of the success or failure of SphK/S1P (sphingosine 1 phosphate) based therapeutics.
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27
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Hatoum D, Haddadi N, Lin Y, Nassif NT, McGowan EM. Mammalian sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes and isoform expression: challenges for SphK as an oncotarget. Oncotarget 2017; 8:36898-36929. [PMID: 28415564 PMCID: PMC5482707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The various sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes (isozymes) and isoforms, key players in normal cellular physiology, are strongly implicated in cancer and other diseases. Mutations in SphKs, that may justify abnormal physiological function, have not been recorded. Nonetheless, there is a large and growing body of evidence demonstrating the contribution of gain or loss of function and the imbalance in the SphK/S1P rheostat to a plethora of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes and inflammatory diseases. SphK is expressed as two isozymes SphK1 and SphK2, transcribed from genes located on different chromosomes and both isozymes catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P. Expression of each SphK isozyme produces alternately spliced isoforms. In recent years the importance of the contribution of SpK1 expression to treatment resistance in cancer has been highlighted and, additionally, differences in treatment outcome appear to also be dependent upon SphK isoform expression. This review focuses on an exciting emerging area of research involving SphKs functions, expression and subcellular localization, highlighting the complexity of targeting SphK in cancer and also comorbid diseases. This review also covers the SphK isoenzymes and isoforms from a historical perspective, from their first discovery in murine species and then in humans, their role(s) in normal cellular function and in disease processes, to advancement of SphK as an oncotarget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hatoum
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Nahal Haddadi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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28
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Chen P, Shen Y, Shi H, Ma X, Lin B, Xiao T, Wu F, Zhu J, Li Z, Xiao J, Li X, Zhang H, Geng F. Gastroprotective effects of Kangfuxin-against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer via attenuating oxidative stress and ER stress in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:S0009-2797(16)30509-9. [PMID: 27983966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and ER stress play a role in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. Kangfuxin (KFX) has been used to treat gastric ulcer in patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of KFX action remain unclear. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of KFX and to determine its potential mechanisms. Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer mouse model was employed. Ethanol pretreated mice were treated with low (0.02 g/kg) and high (0.05 g/kg) dose of KFX for 14 days. Cimetidine (0.8 g/kg) was used as positive control. Histological evaluation of the gastric mucosa revealed that mice treated with ethanol exhibited severe gastric mucosal damage. Ethanol treatment increased plasma and gastric MDA level, decreased plasma and gastric SOD activity, and reduced gastric HO-1 and GCL-c mRNA levels. ER stress markers (CHOP, GRP78, and caspase 12) were up-regulated upon ethanol administration. Moreover, increased cell apoptosis and pro-apoptotic protein Bax and caspase 3 were observed in ethanol treated mice, while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl 2 was inhibited. Finally, KFX treatment reversed ethanol-induced phenotypes and ameliorated gastric ulcer. Our results demonstrated that the gastroprotective effects of KFX against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer could be attributed to its anti-oxidative stress, anti-ER stress and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Hongxue Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiuying Ma
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Beibei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Fenzan Wu
- Science and Education Division, Cixi People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315300, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhengmao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Funeng Geng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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