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Dalle S, Abderrahmani A. Receptors and Signaling Pathways Controlling Beta-Cell Function and Survival as Targets for Anti-Diabetic Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2024; 13:1244. [PMID: 39120275 PMCID: PMC11311556 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Preserving the function and survival of pancreatic beta-cells, in order to achieve long-term glycemic control and prevent complications, is an essential feature for an innovative drug to have clinical value in the treatment of diabetes. Innovative research is developing therapeutic strategies to prevent pathogenic mechanisms and protect beta-cells from the deleterious effects of inflammation and/or chronic hyperglycemia over time. A better understanding of receptors and signaling pathways, and of how they interact with each other in beta-cells, remains crucial and is a prerequisite for any strategy to develop therapeutic tools aimed at modulating beta-cell function and/or mass. Here, we present a comprehensive review of our knowledge on membrane and intracellular receptors and signaling pathways as targets of interest to protect beta-cells from dysfunction and apoptotic death, which opens or could open the way to the development of innovative therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Dalle
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Université Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F59000 Lille, France
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2
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Bourgeois S, Coenen S, Degroote L, Willems L, Van Mulders A, Pierreux J, Heremans Y, De Leu N, Staels W. Harnessing beta cell regeneration biology for diabetes therapy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00082-1. [PMID: 38644094 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The pandemic scale of diabetes mellitus is alarming, its complications remain devastating, and current treatments still pose a major burden on those affected and on the healthcare system as a whole. As the disease emanates from the destruction or dysfunction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, a real cure requires their restoration and protection. An attractive strategy is to regenerate β-cells directly within the pancreas; however, while several approaches for β-cell regeneration have been proposed in the past, clinical translation has proven challenging. This review scrutinizes recent findings in β-cell regeneration and discusses their potential clinical implementation. Hereby, we aim to delineate a path for innovative, targeted therapies to help shift from 'caring for' to 'curing' diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bourgeois
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Coenen
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure Degroote
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lien Willems
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annelore Van Mulders
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Pierreux
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Heremans
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nico De Leu
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Endocrinology, Universiteit Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Endocrinology, ASZ Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium.
| | - Willem Staels
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, KidZ Health Castle, Universiteit Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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3
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Bogut A, Stojanovic B, Jovanovic M, Dimitrijevic Stojanovic M, Gajovic N, Stojanovic BS, Balovic G, Jovanovic M, Lazovic A, Mirovic M, Jurisevic M, Jovanovic I, Mladenovic V. Galectin-1 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Bridging Tumor Biology, Immune Evasion, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15500. [PMID: 37958483 PMCID: PMC10650903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, with a complex interplay of molecular pathways contributing to its aggressive nature. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a member of the galectin family, has emerged as a pivotal player in the PDAC microenvironment, influencing various aspects from tumor growth and angiogenesis to immune modulation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted role of Galectin-1 in PDAC. We delve into its contributions to tumor stroma remodeling, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, and potential implications for therapeutic interventions. The challenges associated with targeting Gal-1 are discussed, given its pleiotropic functions and complexities in different cellular conditions. Additionally, the promising prospects of Gal-1 inhibition, including the utilization of nanotechnology and theranostics, are highlighted. By integrating recent findings and shedding light on the intricacies of Gal-1's involvement in PDAC, this review aims to provide insights that could guide future research and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bogut
- City Medical Emergency Department, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Bojan Stojanovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.); (G.B.)
- Department of General Surgery, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Marina Jovanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.J.); (V.M.)
| | | | - Nevena Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Bojana S. Stojanovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Goran Balovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Milan Jovanovic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandar Lazovic
- Department of General Surgery, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Milos Mirovic
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Kotor, 85330 Kotor, Montenegro;
| | - Milena Jurisevic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Violeta Mladenovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.J.); (V.M.)
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4
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Celen C, Chuang JC, Shen S, Li L, Maggiore G, Jia Y, Luo X, Moore A, Wang Y, Otto JE, Collings CK, Wang Z, Sun X, Nassour I, Park J, Ghaben A, Wang T, Wang SC, Scherer PE, Kadoch C, Zhu H. Arid1a loss potentiates pancreatic β-cell regeneration through activation of EGF signaling. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Jiang Y, Chen A, Kline D, Liu Q, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhang T, Qian J, Nelson L, Prasadan K, Hu B, Gittes GK, Xiao X. Polarized macrophages promote gestational beta cell growth through extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 signalling. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:1721-1733. [PMID: 35546452 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To show that depletion of pancreatic macrophages impairs gestational beta cell proliferation and leads to glucose intolerance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic animal models were applied to study the effects of depletion of pancreatic macrophges on gestational beta-cell proliferaiton and glucose response. The crosstalk between macrophages and beta-cells was studied in vivo using beta-cell-specific extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) knockout and epidermal growth receptor (EGFR) knockout mice, and in vitro using a co-culture system. RESULTS Beta cell-derived placental growth factor (PlGF) recruited naïve macrophages and polarized them towards an M2-like phenotype. These macrophages then secreted epidermal growth factor (EGF), which activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) signalling in beta cells to promote gestational beta cell proliferation. On the other hand, activation of ERK5 signalling in beta cells likely, in turn, enhanced the production and secretion of PlGF by beta cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows a regulatory loop between macrophages and beta cells through PlGF/EGF/ERK5 signalling cascades to regulate gestational beta cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Apeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Diana Kline
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jieqi Qian
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Krishna Prasadan
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - George K Gittes
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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6
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Liu Y, Wang X, Zeng X, Wu Y, Liu X, Tan J, Li X. Bioinformatics-based analysis of SUMOylation-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma reveals a role of upregulated SAE1 in promoting cell proliferation. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1183-1202. [PMID: 35859792 PMCID: PMC9263891 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the expression profile and prognostic relevance of SUMO-related genes using publicly available data. A set of bioinformatics tools and experiments were integrated to explore the mechanism of the genes of interest. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression analysis was used to construct a prognostic model. SUMO-2 and SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) were upregulated in HCC. The enrichment analysis indicated that SUMO-2 and SAE1 might regulate the cell cycle. The downregulation of SAE1 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells, whereas the upregulation of the gene promoted cell proliferation. IGF2BP3 contributed to the upregulation of SAE1 in an N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-dependent way. Eventually, an SAE1-related risk score (SRRS) was developed and validated in HCC. SRRS could serve as an independent prognostic factor and predict the efficiency of transarterial chemoembolization in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingzhi Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yinghua Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shanxi Province People's Hospital, No. 29 Shuangtasi Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030012, China
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7
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Proteomic and Bioinformatic Analysis of Decellularized Pancreatic Extracellular Matrices. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216740. [PMID: 34771149 PMCID: PMC8588251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue microenvironments are rich in signaling molecules. However, factors in the tissue matrix that can serve as tissue-specific cues for engineering pancreatic tissues have not been thoroughly identified. In this study, we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of porcine decellularized pancreatic extracellular matrix (dpECM). By profiling dpECM collected from subjects of different ages and genders, we showed that the detergent-free decellularization method developed in this study permits the preservation of approximately 62.4% more proteins than a detergent-based method. In addition, we demonstrated that dpECM prepared from young pigs contained approximately 68.5% more extracellular matrix proteins than those prepared from adult pigs. Furthermore, we categorized dpECM proteins by biological process, molecular function, and cellular component through gene ontology analysis. Our study results also suggested that the protein composition of dpECM is significantly different between male and female animals while a KEGG enrichment pathway analysis revealed that dpECM protein profiling varies significantly depending on age. This study provides the proteome of pancreatic decellularized ECM in different animal ages and genders, which will help identify the bioactive molecules that are pivotal in creating tissue-specific cues for engineering tissues in vitro.
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Tan J, Liu W, Li J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Song Z. Over-expressed RHEB promotes the progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Life Sci 2021; 277:119462. [PMID: 33831427 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is essential in the progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). But the role of Ras homolog enriched in brain (RHEB), a key activator of mTORC1, is unclear in this disease. This work aims to clarify the function of RHEB in PAAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pan-cancer analysis of RHEB was conducted by using data from several public available databases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining on a tissue microarray was used to validate the expression of RHEB in PAAD. In vitro experiments were conducted to explore the function of RHEB in the disease. An integrated bioinformatics tools were used to understand the mechanism of RHEB and construct a RHEB-related prognostic signature. KEY FINDINGS RHEB was significantly overexpressed in PAAD and high expression of the gene was associated with poor prognosis. RHEB promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that RHEB participated in cell cycle progression and WNT signaling pathway. A RHEB-related prognostic signature was developed, and PAAD patients with high risk score had a significantly shorter overall survival. SIGNIFICANCE RHEB was up-regulated in PAAD and might be a useful therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Waner Liu
- Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zewen Song
- Department of Oncology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Zhang X, Zhang J, Liu Y, Li J, Tan J, Song Z. Bcl-2 Associated Athanogene 2 (BAG2) is Associated With Progression and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Bioinformatics-Based Analysis. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:594649. [PMID: 34257542 PMCID: PMC8262200 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.594649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Bcl-2 associated athanogene2 (BAG2) is reported to act as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor in tumors in a context-dependent way; however, its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, apoptotic assay, cell invasion assay and a set of bioinformatics tools were integrated to analyze the role of BAG2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Results: BAG2 was significantly up-regulated in HCC. Prognostic analysis indicated that HCC patients with high expression of BAG2 had significantly shorter overall survival, progression free survival and disease specific survival. Besides, silencing BAG2 in HCC cells impaired cell proliferation, facilitated apoptosis and repressed invasion of the cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that BAG2 might regulate ribosome biogenesis in HCC. Conclusion: This study revealed that the up-regulated BAG2 in HCC was associated with a worse prognosis and might favor the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zewen Song
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Kalwat MA, Huang Z, Binns DD, McGlynn K, Cobb MH. α 2-Adrenergic Disruption of β Cell BDNF-TrkB Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576396. [PMID: 33178692 PMCID: PMC7593622 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic signaling is a well-known input into pancreatic islet function. Specifically, the insulin-secreting islet β cell expresses the Gi/o-linked α2-adrenergic receptor, which upon activation suppresses insulin secretion. The use of the adrenergic agonist epinephrine at micromolar doses may have supraphysiological effects. We found that pretreating β cells with micromolar concentrations of epinephrine differentially inhibited activation of receptor tyrosine kinases. We chose TrkB as an example because of its relative sensitivity to the effects of epinephrine and due to its potential regulatory role in the β cell. Our characterization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-TrkB signaling in MIN6 β cells showed that TrkB is activated by BDNF as expected, leading to canonical TrkB autophosphorylation and subsequent downstream signaling, as well as chronic effects on β cell growth. Micromolar, but not nanomolar, concentrations of epinephrine blocked BDNF-induced TrkB autophosphorylation and downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation, suggesting an inhibitory phenomenon at the receptor level. We determined epinephrine-mediated inhibition of TrkB activation to be Gi/o-dependent using pertussis toxin, arguing against an off-target effect of high-dose epinephrine. Published data suggested that inhibition of potassium channels or phosphoinositide-3-kinase signaling may abrogate the negative effects of epinephrine; however, these did not rescue TrkB signaling in our experiments. Taken together, these results show that (1) TrkB kinase signaling occurs in β cells and (2) use of epinephrine in studies of insulin secretion requires careful consideration of concentration-dependent effects. BDNF-TrkB signaling in β cells may underlie pro-survival or growth signaling and warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Kalwat
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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11
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CD99-PTPN12 Axis Suppresses Actin Cytoskeleton-Mediated Dimerization of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102895. [PMID: 33050232 PMCID: PMC7599698 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is activated through growth factor-dependent dimerization accompanied by functional reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Lee et al. demonstrate that CD99 activation by agonist ligands inhibits epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced EGFR dimerization through impairment of cytoskeletal reorganization by protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (PTPN12)-dependent c-Src/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inactivation, thereby suppressing breast cancer growth. Abstract The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family, is activated through growth factor-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and subsequent dimerization. We herein explored the molecular mechanism underlying the suppression of ligand-induced EGFR dimerization by CD99 agonists and its relevance to tumor growth in vivo. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) activated the formation of c-Src/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-mediated intracellular complex and subsequently induced RhoA-and Rac1-mediated actin remodeling, resulting in EGFR dimerization and endocytosis. In contrast, CD99 agonist facilitated FAK dephosphorylation through the HRAS/ERK/PTPN12 signaling pathway, leading to inhibition of actin cytoskeletal reorganization via inactivation of the RhoA and Rac1 signaling pathways. Moreover, CD99 agonist significantly suppressed tumor growth in a BALB/c mouse model injected with MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Taken together, these results indicate that CD99-derived agonist ligand inhibits epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced EGFR dimerization through impairment of cytoskeletal reorganization by PTPN12-dependent c-Src/FAK inactivation, thereby suppressing breast cancer growth.
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12
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Yang W, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Zhang T, Liu Q, Wang C, Swisher G, Wu N, Chao C, Prasadan K, Gittes GK, Xiao X. Placental growth factor in beta cells plays an essential role in gestational beta-cell growth. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000921. [PMID: 32144129 PMCID: PMC7059504 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic beta cells proliferate in response to metabolic requirements during pregnancy, while failure of this response may cause gestational diabetes. A member of the vascular endothelial growth factor family, placental growth factor (PlGF), typically plays a role in metabolic disorder and pathological circumstance. The expression and function of PlGF in the endocrine pancreas have not been reported and are addressed in the current study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS PlGF levels in beta cells were determined by immunostaining or ELISA in purified beta cells in non-pregnant and pregnant adult mice. An adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 8 carrying a shRNA for PlGF under the control of a rat insulin promoter (AAV-rat insulin promoter (RIP)-short hairpin small interfering RNA for PlGF (shPlGF)) was prepared and infused into mouse pancreas through the pancreatic duct to specifically knock down PlGF in beta cells, and its effects on beta-cell growth were determined by beta-cell proliferation, beta-cell mass and insulin release. A macrophage-depleting reagent, clodronate, was coapplied into AAV-treated mice to study crosstalk between beta cells and macrophages. RESULTS PlGF is exclusively produced by beta cells in the adult mouse pancreas. Moreover, PlGF expression in beta cells was significantly increased during pregnancy. Intraductal infusion of AAV-RIP-shPlGF specifically knocked down PlGF in beta cells, resulting in compromised beta-cell proliferation, reduced growth in beta-cell mass and impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Mechanistically, PlGF depletion in beta cells reduced islet infiltration of trophic macrophages, which appeared to be essential for gestational beta-cell growth. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that increased expression of PlGF in beta cells may trigger gestational beta-cell growth through recruited macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yinan Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaoban Wang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Grant Swisher
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nannan Wu
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chelsea Chao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Krishna Prasadan
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George K Gittes
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Maachi H, Fergusson G, Ethier M, Brill GN, Katz LS, Honig LB, Metukuri MR, Scott DK, Ghislain J, Poitout V. HB-EGF Signaling Is Required for Glucose-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation in Rats. Diabetes 2020; 69:369-380. [PMID: 31882563 PMCID: PMC7034189 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of β-cell compensation to metabolic stress are poorly understood. We previously observed that nutrient-induced β-cell proliferation in rats is dependent on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the EGFR ligand heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) in the β-cell proliferative response to glucose, a β-cell mitogen and key regulator of β-cell mass in response to increased insulin demand. We show that exposure of isolated rat and human islets to HB-EGF stimulates β-cell proliferation. In rat islets, inhibition of EGFR or HB-EGF blocks the proliferative response not only to HB-EGF but also to glucose. Furthermore, knockdown of HB-EGF in rat islets blocks β-cell proliferation in response to glucose ex vivo and in vivo in transplanted glucose-infused rats. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that HB-EGF mRNA levels are increased in β-cells in response to glucose in a carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP)-dependent manner. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation studies identified ChREBP binding sites in proximity to the HB-EGF gene. Finally, inhibition of Src family kinases, known to be involved in HB-EGF processing, abrogated glucose-induced β-cell proliferation. Our findings identify a novel glucose/HB-EGF/EGFR axis implicated in β-cell compensation to increased metabolic demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Maachi
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Grace Fergusson
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Melanie Ethier
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel N Brill
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Lee B Honig
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Julien Ghislain
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Poitout
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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14
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Chen C, Shiota C, Agostinelli G, Ridley D, Jiang Y, Ma J, Prasadan K, Xiao X, Gittes GK. Evidence of a developmental origin for β-cell heterogeneity using a dual lineage-tracing technology. Development 2019; 146:dev.164913. [PMID: 31160417 DOI: 10.1242/dev.164913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Cre/loxP system has been used extensively in mouse models with a limitation of one lineage at a time. Differences in function and other properties among populations of adult β-cells is termed β-cell heterogeneity, which was recently associated with diabetic phenotypes. Nevertheless, the presence of a developmentally derived β-cell heterogeneity is unclear. Here, we have developed a novel dual lineage-tracing technology, using a combination of two recombinase systems, Dre/RoxP and Cre/LoxP, to independently trace green fluorescent Pdx1-lineage cells and red fluorescent Ptf1a-lineage cells in the developing and adult mouse pancreas. We detected a few Pdx1+/Ptf1a- lineage cells in addition to the vast majority of Pdx1+/Ptf1a+ lineage cells in the pancreas. Moreover, Pdx1+/Ptf1a+ lineage β-cells had fewer Ki-67+ proliferating β-cells, and expressed higher mRNA levels of insulin, Glut2, Pdx1, MafA and Nkx6.1, but lower CCND1 and CDK4 levels, compared with Pdx1+/Ptf1a- lineage β-cells. Furthermore, more TSQ-high, SSC-high cells were detected in the Pdx1+Ptf1a+ lineage population than in the Pdx1+Ptf1a- lineage population. Together, these data suggest that differential activation of Ptf1a in the developing pancreas may correlate with this β-cell heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congde Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.,Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Chiyo Shiota
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Guy Agostinelli
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Daniel Ridley
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Yinan Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Krishna Prasadan
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - George K Gittes
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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15
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A Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Approach for Determining Antibody-Receptor Occupancy In Vivo. iScience 2019; 15:439-451. [PMID: 31121469 PMCID: PMC6529791 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating receptor occupancy (RO) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a crucial step in characterizing the therapeutic efficacy of mAbs. However, the in vivo assessment of RO, particularly within peripheral tissues, is greatly limited by current technologies. In the present study, we developed a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based system that leverages the large signal:noise ratio and stringent energy donor-acceptor distance dependency to measure antibody RO in a highly selective and temporal fashion. This versatile and minimally invasive system enables longitudinal monitoring of the in vivo antibody-receptor engagement over several days. As a proof of principle, we quantified cetuximab-epidermal growth factor receptor binding kinetics using this system and assessed cetuximab RO in a tumor xenograft model. Incomplete ROs were observed, even at a supratherapeutic dose of 50 mg/kg, indicating that fractional target accessibility is achieved. The BRET-based imaging approach enables quantification of antibody in vivo RO and provides critical information required to optimize therapeutic mAb efficacy. Nano-BRET was used to longitudinally quantify cetuximab-binding kinetics to EGFR Incomplete EGFR occupancy in solid tumors was observed even at supratherapeutic doses A kinetic disassociation exists between plasma antibody and bound targets in tumors
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16
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Yang W, Sheng F, Sun B, Fischbach S, Xiao X. The role of ORMDL3/ATF6 in compensated beta cell proliferation during early diabetes. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:2787-2796. [PMID: 31061237 PMCID: PMC6535075 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in beta cells induces a signaling network called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which plays a dual role in diabetes. A key regulator of ER-stress and UPR, the orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ORMDL3), has been shown to regulate airway remodeling through a major UPR protein, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), but the contribution of this regulatory axis to compensatory pancreatic beta cell proliferation in diabetes has not been studied. Here, we detected significantly lower levels of ORMDL3 mRNA in leukocytes of peripheral blood specimens from type 1 diabetes (T1D) children, compared to normal children. Moreover, these ORMDL3 levels in T1D children exhibited further decreases upon follow-up. ORMDL3 levels in islets from NOD mice, a mouse model for T1D in humans, showed a mild increase before diabetes onset, but a gradual decrease subsequently. In high glucose culture, beta cell proliferation, but not apoptosis, was increased by overexpression of ORMDL3 levels, likely mediated by its downstream factor ATF6. Mechanistically, ORMDL3 transcriptionally activated ATF6, which was confirmed in a promoter reporter assay. Together, our data suggest that ORMDL3 may increase beta cell proliferation through ATF6 as an early compensatory change in response to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Feifei Sheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Baolan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shane Fischbach
- Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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17
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Liu M, Zhang J, Dong H, Wang W. Retracted
: Nimotuzuma restrains proliferation and induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells by regulation of EGFR/PI3K/AKT signal pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20879-20887. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meihan Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Jingzhe Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Hang Dong
- Department of Orthopedics China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
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18
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Ma J, Jin G. Epidermal growth factor protects against myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury through activating Nrf2 signalling pathway. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:313-323. [PMID: 30773943 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1584399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alleviating the oxidant stress associated with myocardial ischaemia reperfusion has been demonstrated as a potential therapeutic approach to limit ischaemia reperfusion (I/R)-induced cardiac damage. It is reported that EGFR/erbB2 signalling is an important cardiac survival pathway in cardiac function and activation of EGFR has a cardiovascular effect in global ischaemia. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a typical EGFR ligand, was considered to have a significant role in activating EGFR. However, no evidence has been published whether exogenous EGF has protective effects on myocardial ischaemia reperfusion. This study aims to investigate the effects of EGF in I/R-induced heart injury and to demonstrate its mechanisms. H9c2 cells challenged with H2O2 were used for in vitro biological activity and mechanistic studies. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels in H9c2 cells were determined, and the cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Myocardial I/R mouse administrated with or without EGF were used for in vivo studies. Pretreatment of H9c2 cells with EGF activated Nrf2 signalling pathway, attenuated H2O2-increased MDA and H2O2-reduced SOD level, followed by the inhibition of H2O2-induced cell death. In in vivo animal models of myocardial I/R, administration of EGF reduced infarct size and myocardial apoptosis. These data support that EGF decreases oxidative stress and attenuates myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury via activating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- a Department of Cardiology , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , P. R. China
| | - Ge Jin
- a Department of Cardiology , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , P. R. China
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19
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Chen C, Wu S, Lin X, Wu D, Fischbach S, Xiao X. ERK5 plays an essential role in gestational beta-cell proliferation. Cell Prolif 2017; 51:e12410. [PMID: 29159830 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Restoring a functional beta-cell mass is a fundamental goal in treating diabetes. A complex signalling pathway network coordinates the regulation of beta-cell proliferation, although a role for ERK5 in this network has not been reported. This question was addressed in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied the activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) in pregnant mice, a well-known mouse model of increased beta-cell proliferation. A specific inhibitor of ERK5 activation, BIX02189, was intraperitoneally injected into the pregnant mice to suppress ERK5 signalling. Beta-cell proliferation was determined by quantification of Ki-67+ beta cells. Beta-cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay. The extent of beta-cell proliferation was determined by beta-cell mass. The alteration of ERK5 activation and CyclinD1 levels in purified mouse islets was examined by Western blotting. RESULTS Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 phosphorylation, which represents ERK5 activation, was significantly upregulated in islets from pregnant mice. Suppression of ERK5 activation by BIX02189 in pregnant mice significantly reduced beta-cell proliferation, without affecting beta-cell apoptosis, resulting in increases in random blood glucose levels and impairment of glucose response of the mice. ERK5 seemed to activate CyclinD1 to promote gestational beta-cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 plays an essential role in the gestational augmentation of beta-cell proliferation. ERK5 may be a promising target for increasing beta-cell mass in diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congde Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Suichun Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaokun Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dazhou Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shane Fischbach
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
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20
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Xiao X, Fischbach S, Zhang T, Chen C, Sheng Q, Zimmerman R, Patnaik S, Fusco J, Ming Y, Guo P, Shiota C, Prasadan K, Gangopadhyay N, Husain SZ, Dong H, Gittes GK. SMAD3/Stat3 Signaling Mediates β-Cell Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Chronic Pancreatitis-Related Diabetes. Diabetes 2017; 66:2646-2658. [PMID: 28775125 PMCID: PMC5606322 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many patients with chronic pancreatitis develop diabetes (chronic pancreatitis-related diabetes [CPRD]) through an undetermined mechanism. Here we used long-term partial pancreatic duct ligation (PDL) as a model to study CPRD. We found that long-term PDL induced significant β-cell dedifferentiation, followed by a time-dependent decrease in functional β-cell mass-all specifically in the ligated tail portion of the pancreas (PDL-tail). High levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) were detected in the PDL-tail and were mainly produced by M2 macrophages at the early stage and by activated myofibroblasts at the later stage. Loss of β-cell mass was then found to result from TGFβ1-triggered epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by β-cells, rather than resulting directly from β-cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, TGFβ1-treated β-cells activated expression of the EMT regulator gene Snail in a SMAD3/Stat3-dependent manner. Moreover, forced expression of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1), an antagonist for activated Stat3, specifically in β-cells ameliorated β-cell EMT and β-cell loss and prevented the onset of diabetes in mice undergoing PDL. Together, our data suggest that chronic pancreatitis may trigger TGFβ1-mediated β-cell EMT to lead to CPRD, which could substantially be prevented by sustained expression of FoxO1 in β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei Xiao
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Shane Fischbach
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Tina Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Congde Chen
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Qingfeng Sheng
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ray Zimmerman
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Sneha Patnaik
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Joseph Fusco
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yungching Ming
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ping Guo
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Chiyo Shiota
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Krishna Prasadan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nupur Gangopadhyay
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Sohail Z Husain
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Henry Dong
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - George K Gittes
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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21
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Lawlor N, Youn A, Kursawe R, Ucar D, Stitzel ML. Alpha TC1 and Beta-TC-6 genomic profiling uncovers both shared and distinct transcriptional regulatory features with their primary islet counterparts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11959. [PMID: 28931935 PMCID: PMC5607285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha TC1 (αTC1) and Beta-TC-6 (βTC6) mouse islet cell lines are cellular models of islet (dys)function and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, genomic characteristics of these cells, and their similarities to primary islet alpha and beta cells, are undefined. Here, we report the epigenomic (ATAC-seq) and transcriptomic (RNA-seq) landscapes of αTC1 and βTC6 cells. Each cell type exhibits hallmarks of its primary islet cell counterpart including cell-specific expression of beta (e.g., Pdx1) and alpha (e.g., Arx) cell transcription factors (TFs), and enrichment of binding motifs for these TFs in αTC1/βTC6 cis-regulatory elements. αTC1/βTC6 transcriptomes overlap significantly with the transcriptomes of primary mouse/human alpha and beta cells. Our data further indicate that ATAC-seq detects cell-specific regulatory elements for cell types comprising ≥ 20% of a mixed cell population. We identified αTC1/βTC6 cis-regulatory elements orthologous to those containing type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated SNPs in human islets for 33 loci, suggesting these cells’ utility to dissect T2D molecular genetics in these regions. Together, these maps provide important insights into the conserved regulatory architecture between αTC1/βTC6 and primary islet cells that can be leveraged in functional (epi)genomic approaches to dissect the genetic and molecular factors controlling islet cell identity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Lawlor
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Ahrim Youn
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Romy Kursawe
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA. .,Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA. .,Department of Genetics & Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
| | - Michael L Stitzel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA. .,Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA. .,Department of Genetics & Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
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22
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GLP-1/Exendin-4 induces β-cell proliferation via the epidermal growth factor receptor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9100. [PMID: 28831150 PMCID: PMC5567347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09898-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Exendin-4 is a long acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue that is an agonist for the GLP-1 receptor, a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). Exendin-4 is used to clinically improve glucose tolerance in diabetic patients due to its ability to enhance insulin secretion. In rodents, and possibly in humans, exendin-4 can stimulate β-cell proliferation. The exact mechanism of action to induce β-cell proliferation is not well understood. Here, using a β-cell specific epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) null mouse, we show that exendin-4 induced an increase in proliferation and β-cell mass through EGFR. Thus, our study sheds light on the role of EGFR signaling in the effects of exendin-4 on the control of blood glucose metabolism and β-cell mass.
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23
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Liu T, Li W, Lu W, Chen M, Luo M, Zhang C, Li Y, Qin G, Shi D, Xiao B, Qiu H, Yu W, Kang L, Kang T, Huang W, Yu X, Wu X, Deng W. RBFOX3 Promotes Tumor Growth and Progression via hTERT Signaling and Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:3138-3154. [PMID: 28839469 PMCID: PMC5566111 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the telomere maintenance mechanism is a key hallmark of cancer. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is the catalytic subunit of telomerase, which is highly expressed in more than 80% of tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the exact mechanisms by which hTERT is up-regulated in HCCs and promotes tumor growth and progression is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to discover the novel molecular targets that modulate hTERT signaling and HCC growth. In this study, we pulled down and identified RBFOX3 (RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 3) as a novel hTERT promoter-binding protein in HCC cells using biotin-streptavidin-agarose pull-down and proteomics approach, and validated it as a regulatory factor for hTERT signaling and tumor growth in HCCs. Knockdown of RBFOX3 suppressed the promoter activity and expression of hTERT and consequently inhibited the growth and progression of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. The suppression of HCC growth mediated by RBFOX3 knockdown could be rescued by hTERT overexpression. Conversely, exogenous overexpression of RBFOX3 activated the promoter activity and expression of hTERT and promoted the growth and progression of HCC cells. Moreover, we found that RBFOX3 interacted with AP-2β to regulate the expression of hTERT. Furthermore, we demonstrated that RBFOX3 expression was higher in the tumor tissues of HCC patients compared to the corresponding paracancer tissues, and was positively correlated with hTERT expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the HCC patients with high levels of RBFOX3 and hTERT had poor prognosis. Collectively, our data indicate that RBFOX3 promotes HCC growth and progression and predicts a poor prognosis by activating the hTERT signaling, and suggest that the RBFOX3/hTERT pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC patients.
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24
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Wu T, Xu J, Xu S, Wu L, Zhu Y, Li G, Ren Z. 17 β-Estradiol Promotes Islet Cell Proliferation in a Partial Pancreatectomy Mouse Model. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:965-979. [PMID: 29264547 PMCID: PMC5686603 DOI: 10.1210/js.2016-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) is a multifunctional steroid hormone in modulating metabolism in vivo. Previous studies have reported that E2 could promote insulin secretion and protect β cells from apoptosis. In this study, the partial pancreatectomy (PPx) model was used to study the role of E2 in islet cell proliferation. The animals were divided into four groups, including sham control, PPx model, E2, and E2 plus estrogen antagonist (E2 plus ICI) groups. In the E2 group, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine- and Ki67-positive cells significantly increased after PPx, and the protein expression of forkhead transcription factor M1, cyclin A2, cyclin B1, and cyclin E2 also significantly increased in the isolated islets. The messenger RNA expression of cyclin A2 and cyclin B2 increased in E2 treatment group. Additionally, the effects of E2 on the PPx mice were partially blocked by estrogen antagonist ICI182,780. The results indicated that E2 significantly promoted islet cell proliferation in PPx model mice, and it upregulated the expression of cell cycle genes. In conclusion, E2 treatment is beneficial for islet cell proliferation in adult mice after PPx. A partial pancreatectomy in mice may be an attractive model for the study of islet cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jinyong Xu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lianzhong Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Youyu Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guangwu Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zhenhua Ren
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Cell Therapy Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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