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Shekunov EV, Zlodeeva PD, Efimova SS, Muryleva AA, Zarubaev VV, Slita AV, Ostroumova OS. Cyclic lipopeptides as membrane fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2: New tricks for old dogs. Antiviral Res 2023; 212:105575. [PMID: 36868316 PMCID: PMC9977712 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
With the resurgence of the coronavirus pandemic, the repositioning of FDA-approved drugs against coronovirus and finding alternative strategies for antiviral therapy are both important. We previously identified the viral lipid envelope as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection with plant alkaloids (Shekunov et al., 2021). Here, we investigated the effects of eleven cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs), including well-known antifungal and antibacterial compounds, on the liposome fusion triggered by calcium, polyethylene glycol 8000, and a fragment of SARS-CoV-2 fusion peptide (816-827) by calcein release assays. Differential scanning microcalorimetry of the gel-to-liquid-crystalline and lamellar-to-inverted hexagonal phase transitions and confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated the relation of the fusion inhibitory effects of CLPs to alterations in lipid packing, membrane curvature stress and domain organization. The antiviral effects of CLPs were evaluated in an in vitro Vero-based cell model, and aculeacin A, anidulafugin, iturin A, and mycosubtilin attenuated the cytopathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 without specific toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor V Shekunov
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina D Zlodeeva
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Efimova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna A Muryleva
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Mira 14, 197101, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Zarubaev
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Mira 14, 197101, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V Slita
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Mira 14, 197101, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga S Ostroumova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
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2
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Lateral organization of biomimetic cell membranes in varying pH conditions. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Pinigin KV, Galimzyanov TR, Akimov SA. Amphipathic Peptides Impede Lipid Domain Fusion in Phase-Separated Membranes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110797. [PMID: 34832026 PMCID: PMC8618981 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell membranes are heterogeneous in lipid composition which leads to the phase separation with the formation of nanoscopic liquid-ordered domains, also called rafts. There are multiple cell processes whereby the clustering of these domains into a larger one might be involved, which is responsible for such important processes as signal transduction, polarized sorting, or immune response. Currently, antimicrobial amphipathic peptides are considered promising antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer therapeutic agents. Here, within the framework of the classical theory of elasticity adapted for lipid membranes, we investigate how the presence of the peptides in a phase-separated membrane influences the fusion of the domains. We show that the peptides tend to occupy the boundaries of liquid-ordered domains and significantly increase the energy barrier of the domain-domain fusion, which might lead to misregulation of raft clustering and adverse consequences for normal cell processes.
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4
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Kusumi A, Fujiwara TK, Tsunoyama TA, Kasai RS, Liu AA, Hirosawa KM, Kinoshita M, Matsumori N, Komura N, Ando H, Suzuki KGN. Defining raft domains in the plasma membrane. Traffic 2021; 21:106-137. [PMID: 31760668 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Many plasma membrane (PM) functions depend on the cholesterol concentration in the PM in strikingly nonlinear, cooperative ways: fully functional in the presence of physiological cholesterol levels (35~45 mol%), and nonfunctional below 25 mol% cholesterol; namely, still in the presence of high concentrations of cholesterol. This suggests the involvement of cholesterol-based complexes/domains formed cooperatively. In this review, by examining the results obtained by using fluorescent lipid analogs and avoiding the trap of circular logic, often found in the raft literature, we point out the fundamental similarities of liquid-ordered (Lo)-phase domains in giant unilamellar vesicles, Lo-phase-like domains formed at lower temperatures in giant PM vesicles, and detergent-resistant membranes: these domains are formed by cooperative interactions of cholesterol, saturated acyl chains, and unsaturated acyl chains, in the presence of >25 mol% cholesterol. The literature contains evidence, indicating that the domains formed by the same basic cooperative molecular interactions exist and play essential roles in signal transduction in the PM. Therefore, as a working definition, we propose that raft domains in the PM are liquid-like molecular complexes/domains formed by cooperative interactions of cholesterol with saturated acyl chains as well as unsaturated acyl chains, due to saturated acyl chains' weak multiple accommodating interactions with cholesterol and cholesterol's low miscibility with unsaturated acyl chains and TM proteins. Molecules move within raft domains and exchange with those in the bulk PM. We provide a logically established collection of fluorescent lipid probes that preferentially partition into raft and non-raft domains, as defined here, in the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kusumi
- Membrane Cooperativity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro K Fujiwara
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taka A Tsunoyama
- Membrane Cooperativity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan
| | - Rinshi S Kasai
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - An-An Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Koichiro M Hirosawa
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masanao Kinoshita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsumori
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kenichi G N Suzuki
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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5
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He H, Liu S, Wu D, Xu B. Enzymatically Formed Peptide Assemblies Sequestrate Proteins and Relocate Inhibitors to Selectively Kill Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16445-16450. [PMID: 32521103 PMCID: PMC7844580 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we show that an enzymatic reaction can generate peptide assemblies that sequestrate proteins to selectively kill cancer cells. A phosphopeptide bearing the antagonistic motif (AVPI) to the inhibitors of apoptotic proteins (IAPs) enters cancer cells and normal cells by caveolin-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis, respectively. The AVPI-bearing peptide assemblies sequestrates IAPs and releases bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor, in the cytosol of cancer cells, but rescues the normal cells (namely, HS-5 cells) by trafficking the BTZ into lysosomes. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) acts as a context-dependent signal for trafficking the peptide/BTZ assemblies and selectively induces the death of the cancer cells. The assemblies of AVPI exhibit enhanced proteolytic resistance. This work, which utilizes the difference in endocytic uptake of enzymatically formed peptide assemblies to selectively kill cancer cells, promises a new way to develop selective cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian He
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - Difei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
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6
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He H, Liu S, Wu D, Xu B. Enzymatically Formed Peptide Assemblies Sequestrate Proteins and Relocate Inhibitors to Selectively Kill Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian He
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Difei Wu
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
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7
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Barros M, Houlihan WJ, Paresi CJ, Brendel M, Rynearson KD, Lee CW, Prikhodko O, Cregger C, Chang G, Wagner SL, Gilchrist ML, Li YM. γ-Secretase Partitioning into Lipid Bilayers Remodels Membrane Microdomains after Direct Insertion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6569-6579. [PMID: 32432881 PMCID: PMC7887708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
γ-Secretase is a multisubunit complex that catalyzes intramembranous cleavage of transmembrane proteins. The lipid environment forms membrane microdomains that serve as spatio-temporal platforms for proteins to function properly. Despite substantial advances in the regulation of γ-secretase, the effect of the local membrane lipid microenvironment on the regulation of γ-secretase is poorly understood. Here, we characterized and quantified the partitioning of γ-secretase and its substrates, the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Notch, into lipid bilayers using solid-supported model membranes. Notch substrate is preferentially localized in the liquid-disordered (Ld) lipid domains, whereas APP and γ-secretase partition as single or higher complex in both phases but highly favor the ordered phase, especially after recruiting lipids from the ordered phase, indicating that the activity and specificity of γ-secretase against these two substrates are modulated by membrane lateral organization. Moreover, time-elapse measurements reveal that γ-secretase can recruit specific membrane components from the cholesterol-rich Lo phase and thus creates a favorable lipid environment for substrate recognition and therefore activity. This work offers insight into how γ-secretase and lipid modulate each other and control its activity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Barros
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - William J Houlihan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Chelsea J Paresi
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Matthew Brendel
- Molecular Cytology Core, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Kevin D Rynearson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Olga Prikhodko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Cristina Cregger
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Steven L Wagner
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
- Research Biologist, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California 92161, United States
| | - M Lane Gilchrist
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, United States
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8
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Syga Ł, de Vries RH, van Oosterhout H, Bartelds R, Boersma AJ, Roelfes G, Poolman B. A Trifunctional Linker for Palmitoylation and Peptide and Protein Localization in Biological Membranes. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1320-1328. [PMID: 31814256 PMCID: PMC7317724 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Attachment of lipophilic groups is an important post-translational modification of proteins, which involves the coupling of one or more anchors such as fatty acids, isoprenoids, phospholipids, or glycosylphosphatidyl inositols. To study its impact on the membrane partitioning of hydrophobic peptides or proteins, we designed a tyrosine-based trifunctional linker. The linker allows the facile incorporation of two different functionalities at a cysteine residue in a single step. We determined the effect of the lipid modification on the membrane partitioning of the synthetic α-helical model peptide WALP with or without here and in all cases below; palmitoyl groups in giant unilamellar vesicles that contain a liquid-ordered (Lo ) and liquid-disordered (Ld ) phase. Introduction of two palmitoyl groups did not alter the localization of the membrane peptides, nor did the membrane thickness or lipid composition. In all cases, the peptide was retained in the Ld phase. These data demonstrate that the Lo domain in model membranes is highly unfavorable for a single membrane-spanning peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Syga
- Department of BiochemistryGroningen Biomolecular Sciences andBiotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Reinder H. de Vries
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and CatalysisStratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Hugo van Oosterhout
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and CatalysisStratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Rianne Bartelds
- Department of BiochemistryGroningen Biomolecular Sciences andBiotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Arnold J. Boersma
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstrasse 5052074AachenGermany
| | - Gerard Roelfes
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry and CatalysisStratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bert Poolman
- Department of BiochemistryGroningen Biomolecular Sciences andBiotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
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9
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Pinigin KV, Kondrashov OV, Jiménez-Munguía I, Alexandrova VV, Batishchev OV, Galimzyanov TR, Akimov SA. Elastic deformations mediate interaction of the raft boundary with membrane inclusions leading to their effective lateral sorting. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4087. [PMID: 32139760 PMCID: PMC7058020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid-ordered lipid domains represent a lateral inhomogeneity in cellular membranes. These domains have elastic and physicochemical properties different from those of the surrounding membrane. In particular, their thickness exceeds that of the disordered membrane. Thus, elastic deformations arise at the domain boundary in order to compensate for the thickness mismatch. In equilibrium, the deformations lead to an incomplete register of monolayer ordered domains: the elastic energy is minimal if domains in opposing monolayers lie on the top of each other, and their boundaries are laterally shifted by about 3 nm. This configuration introduces a region, composed of one ordered and one disordered monolayers, with an intermediate bilayer thickness. Besides, a jump in a local monolayer curvature takes place in this intermediate region, concentrating here most of the elastic stress. This region can participate in a lateral sorting of membrane inclusions by offering them an optimal bilayer thickness and local curvature conditions. In the present study, we consider the sorting of deformable lipid inclusions, undeformable peripheral and deeply incorporated peptide inclusions, and undeformable transmembrane inclusions of different molecular geometry. With rare exceptions, all types of inclusions have an affinity to the ordered domain boundary as compared to the bulk phases. The optimal lateral distribution of inclusions allows relaxing the elastic stress at the boundary of domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V Pinigin
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Oleg V Kondrashov
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Irene Jiménez-Munguía
- National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", 4 Leninskiy prospect, Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | | | - Oleg V Batishchev
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Timur R Galimzyanov
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey A Akimov
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
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10
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Peruzzi JA, Jacobs ML, Vu TQ, Wang KS, Kamat NP. Barcoding Biological Reactions with DNA-Functionalized Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18683-18690. [PMID: 31596992 PMCID: PMC6901749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Targeted vesicle fusion is a promising approach to selectively control interactions between vesicle compartments and would enable the initiation of biological reactions in complex aqueous environments. Here, we explore how two features of vesicle membranes, DNA tethers and phase-segregated membranes, promote fusion between specific vesicle populations. Membrane phase-segregation provides an energetic driver for membrane fusion that increases the efficiency of DNA-mediated fusion events. The orthogonality provided by DNA tethers allows us to direct fusion and delivery of DNA cargo to specific vesicle populations. Vesicle fusion between DNA-tethered vesicles can be used to initiate in vitro protein expression to produce model soluble and membrane proteins. Engineering orthogonal fusion events between DNA-tethered vesicles provides a new strategy to control the spatiotemporal dynamics of cell-free reactions, expanding opportunities to engineer artificial cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Peruzzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Miranda L Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Timothy Q Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Kenneth S Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Neha P Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, USA
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11
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Peruzzi JA, Jacobs ML, Vu TQ, Wang KS, Kamat NP. Barcoding Biological Reactions with DNA‐Functionalized Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Peruzzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University USA
| | - Miranda L. Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Timothy Q. Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Kenneth S. Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Neha P. Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology Northwestern University USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Northwestern University USA
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12
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Visualizing Biological Membrane Organization and Dynamics. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:1889-1919. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Casein interaction with lipid membranes: Are the phase state or charge density of the phospholipids affecting protein adsorption? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:2588-2598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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14
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Iwata K, Terazima M, Masuhara H. Novel physical chemistry approaches in biophysical researches with advanced application of lasers: Detection and manipulation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1862:335-357. [PMID: 29108958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel methodologies utilizing pulsed or intense CW irradiation obtained from lasers have a major impact on biological sciences. In this article, recent development in biophysical researches fully utilizing the laser irradiation is described for three topics, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, time-resolved thermodynamics, and manipulation of the biological assemblies by intense laser irradiation. First, experimental techniques for time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy are concisely explained in Section 2. As an example of the recent application of time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy to biological systems, evaluation of the viscosity of lipid bilayer membranes is described. The results of the spectroscopic experiments strongly suggest the presence of heterogeneous membrane structure with two different viscosity values in liposomes formed by a single phospholipid. Section 3 covers the time-resolved thermodynamics. Thermodynamical properties are important to characterize biomolecules. However, measurement of these quantities for short-lived intermediate species has been impossible by traditional thermodynamical techniques. Recently, development of a spectroscopic method based on the transient grating method enables us to measure these quantities and also to elucidate reaction kinetics which cannot be detected by other spectroscopic methods. The principle of the measurements and applications to some protein reactions are reviewed. Manipulation and fabrication of supramolecues, amino acids, proteins, and living cells by intense laser irradiation are described in Section 4. Unconventional assembly, crystallization and growth, amyloid fibril formation, and living cell manipulation are achieved by CW laser trapping and femtosecond laser-induced cavitation bubbling. Their spatio-temporal controllability is opening a new avenue in the relevant molecular and bioscience research fields. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Biophysical Exploration of Dynamical Ordering of Biomolecular Systems" edited by Dr. Koichi Kato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Iwata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan.
| | - Masahide Terazima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Masuhara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Rd., Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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15
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Bolean M, Borin IA, Simão AMS, Bottini M, Bagatolli LA, Hoylaerts MF, Millán JL, Ciancaglini P. Topographic analysis by atomic force microscopy of proteoliposomes matrix vesicle mimetics harboring TNAP and AnxA5. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1911-1920. [PMID: 28549727 PMCID: PMC5793902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the most commonly used scanning probe microscopy techniques for nanoscale imaging and characterization of lipid-based particles. However, obtaining images of such particles using AFM is still a challenge. The present study extends the capabilities of AFM to the characterization of proteoliposomes, a special class of liposomes composed of lipids and proteins, mimicking matrix vesicles (MVs) involved in the biomineralization process. To this end, proteoliposomes were synthesized, composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (DPPS), with inserted tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and/or annexin V (AnxA5), both characteristic proteins of osteoblast-derived MVs. We then aimed to study how TNAP and AnxA5 insertion affects the proteoliposomes' membrane properties and, in turn, interactions with type II collagen, thus mimicking early MV activity during biomineralization. AFM images of these proteoliposomes, acquired in dynamic mode, revealed the presence of surface protrusions with distinct viscoelasticity, thus suggesting that the presence of the proteins induced local changes in membrane fluidity. Surface protrusions were measurable in TNAP-proteoliposomes but barely detectable in AnxA5-proteoliposomes. More complex surface structures were observed for proteoliposomes harboring both TNAP and AnxA5 concomitantly, resulting in a lower affinity for type II collagen fibers compared to proteoliposomes harboring AnxA5 alone. The present study achieved the topographic analysis of lipid vesicles by direct visualization of structural changes, resulting from protein incorporation, without the need for fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytê Bolean
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ivana A Borin
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana M S Simão
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Massimo Bottini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Inflammatory and Infectious Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Luis A Bagatolli
- MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marc F Hoylaerts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - José L Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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16
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Szilagyi JT, Vetrano AM, Laskin JD, Aleksunes LM. Localization of the placental BCRP/ABCG2 transporter to lipid rafts: Role for cholesterol in mediating efflux activity. Placenta 2017. [PMID: 28623970 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is an efflux transporter in the placental barrier. By transporting chemicals from the fetal to the maternal circulation, BCRP limits fetal exposure to a range of drugs, toxicants, and endobiotics such as bile acids and hormones. The purpose of the present studies was to 1) determine whether BCRP localizes to highly-ordered, cholesterol-rich lipid raft microdomains in placenta microvillous membranes, and 2) determine the impact of cholesterol on BCRP-mediated placental transport in vitro. METHODS BCRP expression was analyzed in lipid rafts isolated from placentas from healthy, term pregnancies and BeWo trophoblasts by density gradient ultracentrifugation. BeWo cells were also tested for their ability to efflux BCRP substrates after treatment with the cholesterol sequestrant methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD, 5 mM, 1 h) or the cholesterol synthesis inhibitor pravastatin (200 μM, 48 h). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION BCRP was found to co-localize with lipid raft proteins in detergent-resistant, lipid raft-containing fractions from placental microvillous membranes and BeWo cells. Treatment of BeWo cells with MβCD redistributed BCRP protein into higher density non-lipid raft fractions. Repletion of the cells with cholesterol restored BCRP localization to lipid raft-containing fractions. Treatment of BeWo cells with MβCD or pravastatin increased cellular retention of two BCRP substrates, the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342 and the mycotoxin zearalenone. Repletion with cholesterol restored BCRP transporter activity. Taken together, these data demonstrate that cholesterol may play a critical role in the post-translational regulation of BCRP in placental lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Szilagyi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers University School of Public Health, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Anna M Vetrano
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 1 Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers University School of Public Health, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Lauren M Aleksunes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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17
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Basso LGM, Mendes LFS, Costa-Filho AJ. The two sides of a lipid-protein story. Biophys Rev 2016; 8:179-191. [PMID: 28510056 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-membrane interactions play essential roles in a variety of cell functions such as signaling, membrane trafficking, and transport. Membrane-recruited cytosolic proteins that interact transiently and interfacially with lipid bilayers perform several of those functions. Experimental techniques capable of probing changes on the structural dynamics of this weak association are surprisingly limited. Among such techniques, electron spin resonance (ESR) has the enormous advantage of providing valuable local information from both membrane and protein perspectives by using intrinsic paramagnetic probes in metalloproteins or by attaching nitroxide spin labels to proteins and lipids. In this review, we discuss the power of ESR to unravel relevant structural and functional details of lipid-peripheral membrane protein interactions with special emphasis on local changes of specific regions of the protein and/or the lipids. First, we show how ESR can be used to investigate the direct interaction between a protein and a particular lipid, illustrating the case of lipid binding into a hydrophobic pocket of chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase, a non-heme iron enzyme responsible for catabolism of aromatic compounds that are industrially released in the environment. In the second case, we show the effects of GPI-anchored tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase, a protein that plays a crucial role in skeletal mineralization, and on the ordering and dynamics of lipid acyl chains. Then, switching to the protein perspective, we analyze the interaction with model membranes of the brain fatty acid binding protein, the major actor in the reversible binding and transport of hydrophobic ligands such as long-chain, saturated, or unsaturated fatty acids. Finally, we conclude by discussing how both lipid and protein views can be associated to address a common question regarding the molecular mechanism by which dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an essential enzyme for the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, and how it fishes out membrane-embedded quinones to perform its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G Mansor Basso
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis F Santos Mendes
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio J Costa-Filho
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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18
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van Gestel RA, Brouwers JF, Ultee A, Helms JB, Gadella BM. Ultrastructure and lipid composition of detergent-resistant membranes derived from mammalian sperm and two types of epithelial cells. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 363:129-145. [PMID: 26378009 PMCID: PMC4700079 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2272-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid rafts are micro-domains of ordered lipids (Lo phase) in biological membranes. The Lo phase of cellular membranes can be isolated from disordered lipids (Ld phase) after treatment with 1 % Triton X-100 at 4 °C in which the Lo phase forms the detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) fraction. The lipid composition of DRM derived from Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, McArdle cells and porcine sperm is compared with that of the whole cell. Remarkably, the unsaturation and chain length degree of aliphatic chains attached to phospholipids is virtually the same between DRM and whole cells. Cholesterol and sphingomyelin were enriched in DRMs but to a cell-specific molar ratio. Sulfatides (sphingolipids from MDCK cells) were enriched in the DRM while a seminolipid (an alkylacylglycerolipid from sperm) was depleted from the DRM. Treatment with <5 mM methyl-ß-cyclodextrin (MBCD) caused cholesterol removal from the DRM without affecting the composition and amount of the phospholipid while higher levels disrupted the DRM. The substantial amount of (poly)unsaturated phospholipids in DRMs as well as a low stoichiometric amount of cholesterol suggest that lipid rafts in biological membranes are more fluid and dynamic than previously anticipated. Using negative staining, ultrastructural features of DRM were monitored and in all three cell types the DRMs appeared as multi-lamellar vesicular structures with a similar morphology. The detergent resistance is a result of protein–cholesterol and sphingolipid interactions allowing a relatively passive attraction of phospholipids to maintain the Lo phase. For this special issue, the relevance of our findings is discussed in a sperm physiological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renske A van Gestel
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos F Brouwers
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Ultee
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Bernd Helms
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart M Gadella
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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19
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Lorent JH, Levental I. Structural determinants of protein partitioning into ordered membrane domains and lipid rafts. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 192:23-32. [PMID: 26241883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports the existence of lateral nanoscopic lipid domains in plasma membranes, known as lipid rafts. These domains preferentially recruit membrane proteins and lipids to facilitate their interactions and thereby regulate transmembrane signaling and cellular homeostasis. The functionality of raft domains is intrinsically dependent on their selectivity for specific membrane components; however, while the physicochemical determinants of raft association for lipids are known, very few systematic studies have focused on the structural aspects that guide raft partitioning of proteins. In this review, we describe biophysical and thermodynamic aspects of raft-mimetic liquid ordered phases, focusing on those most relevant for protein partitioning. Further, we detail the variety of experimental models used to study protein-raft interactions. Finally, we review the existing literature on mechanisms for raft targeting, including lipid post-translational modifications, lipid binding, and transmembrane domain features. We conclude that while protein palmitoylation is a clear raft-targeting signal, few other general structural determinants for raft partitioning have been revealed, suggesting that many discoveries lie ahead in this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Helmuth Lorent
- Department for Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Ilya Levental
- Department for Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA.
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20
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Alessandrini A, Facci P. Phase transitions in supported lipid bilayers studied by AFM. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:7145-7164. [PMID: 25090108 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01104j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We review the capabilities of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in the study of phase transitions in Supported Lipid Bilayers (SLBs). AFM represents a powerful technique to cover the resolution range not available to fluorescence imaging techniques and where spectroscopic data suggest what the relevant lateral scale for domain formation might be. Phase transitions of lipid bilayers involve the formation of domains characterized by different heights with respect to the surrounding phase and are therefore easily identified by AFM in liquid solution once the bilayer is confined to a flat surface. Even if not endowed with high time resolution, AFM allows light to be shed on some aspects related to lipid phase transitions in the case of both a single lipid component and lipid mixtures containing sterols also. We discuss here the obtained results in light of the peculiarities of supported lipid bilayer model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Alessandrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy.
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21
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Nojima Y, Iwata K. Viscosity heterogeneity inside lipid bilayers of single-component phosphatidylcholine liposomes observed with picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:8631-41. [PMID: 24967901 DOI: 10.1021/jp503921e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A number of biochemical reactions proceed inside biomembranes. Because the rate of a chemical reaction is influenced by chemical properties of the reaction field, it is important to examine the chemical properties inside the biomembranes, or lipid bilayer membranes, for understanding biochemical reactions. In this study, we estimate viscosity inside the lipid bilayers of liposomes with picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. trans-Stilbene is solubilized in the lipid bilayers formed by phosphatidylcholines, DSPC, DOPC, DPPC, DMPC, and DLPC, with 18, 18, 16, 14, and 12 carbon atoms in their alkyl chains, respectively, and egg-PC. Viscosity inside the lipid bilayer is estimated from the photoisomerization rate constant and from the rotational relaxation time of the first excited singlet state of trans-stilbene. The effect of the hydrocarbon chain length and temperature on viscosity is examined. The presence of two solvation environments within the lipid bilayer is indicated from the two independent estimations. One environment is 30 to 290 times more viscous than the other. Even single-component lipid bilayers are likely to have heterogeneous structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University , 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
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22
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Navarrete LC, Barrera NP, Huidobro-Toro JP. Vas deferens neuro-effector junction: from kymographic tracings to structural biology principles. Auton Neurosci 2014; 185:8-28. [PMID: 24956963 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The vas deferens is a simple bioassay widely used to study the physiology of sympathetic neurotransmission and the pharmacodynamics of adrenergic drugs. The role of ATP as a sympathetic co-transmitter has gained increasing attention and furthered our understanding of its role in sympathetic reflexes. In addition, new information has emerged on the mechanisms underlying the storage and release of ATP. Both noradrenaline and ATP concur to elicit the tissue smooth muscle contractions following sympathetic reflexes or electrical field stimulation of the sympathetic nerve terminals. ATP and adenosine (its metabolic byproduct) are powerful presynaptic regulators of co-transmitter actions. In addition, neuropeptide Y, the third member of the sympathetic triad, is an endogenous modulator. The peptide plus ATP and/or adenosine play a significant role as sympathetic modulators of transmitter's release. This review focuses on the physiological principles that govern sympathetic co-transmitter activity, with special interest in defining the motor role of ATP. In addition, we intended to review the recent structural biology findings related to the topology of the P2X1R based on the crystallized P2X4 receptor from Danio rerio, or the crystallized adenosine A2A receptor as a member of the G protein coupled family of receptors as prototype neuro modulators. This review also covers structural elements of ectonucleotidases, since some members are found in the vas deferens neuro-effector junction. The allosteric principles that apply to purinoceptors are also reviewed highlighting concepts derived from receptor theory at the light of the current available structural elements. Finally, we discuss clinical applications of these concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Camilo Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Estructura de Proteínas de Membrana y Señalización, Núcleo Milenio de Biología Estructural, NuBEs, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Nelson P Barrera
- Laboratorio de Estructura de Proteínas de Membrana y Señalización, Núcleo Milenio de Biología Estructural, NuBEs, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - J Pablo Huidobro-Toro
- Laboratorio de Nucleótidos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile.
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23
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Abstract
The lipid raft hypothesis proposes lateral domains driven by preferential interactions between sterols, sphingolipids, and specific proteins as a central mechanism for the regulation of membrane structure and function; however, experimental limitations in defining raft composition and properties have prevented unequivocal demonstration of their functional relevance. Here, we establish a quantitative, functional relationship between raft association and subcellular protein sorting. By systematic mutation of the transmembrane and juxtamembrane domains of a model transmembrane protein, linker for activation of T-cells (LAT), we generated a panel of variants possessing a range of raft affinities. These mutations revealed palmitoylation, transmembrane domain length, and transmembrane sequence to be critical determinants of membrane raft association. Moreover, plasma membrane (PM) localization was strictly dependent on raft partitioning across the entire panel of unrelated mutants, suggesting that raft association is necessary and sufficient for PM sorting of LAT. Abrogation of raft partitioning led to mistargeting to late endosomes/lysosomes because of a failure to recycle from early endosomes. These findings identify structural determinants of raft association and validate lipid-driven domain formation as a mechanism for endosomal protein sorting.
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24
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Abstract
Lipid composition is expected to play an important role in modulating membrane enzyme activity, in particular if the substrates are themselves lipid molecules. A paradigmatic case is FAAH (fatty acid amide hydrolase), an enzyme critical in terminating endocannabinoid signalling and an important therapeutic target. In the present study, using a combined experimental and computational approach, we show that membrane lipids modulate the structure, subcellular localization and activity of FAAH. We report that the FAAH dimer is stabilized by the lipid bilayer and shows a higher membrane-binding affinity and enzymatic activity within membranes containing both cholesterol and the natural FAAH substrate AEA (anandamide). Additionally, co-localization of cholesterol, AEA and FAAH in mouse neuroblastoma cells suggests a mechanism through which cholesterol increases the substrate accessibility of FAAH.
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25
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Suzuki Y, Endo M, Yang Y, Sugiyama H. Dynamic Assembly/Disassembly Processes of Photoresponsive DNA Origami Nanostructures Directly Visualized on a Lipid Membrane Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:1714-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4109819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Suzuki
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Masayuki Endo
- Institute
for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-ushinomiyacho,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Yangyang Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Institute
for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-ushinomiyacho,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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26
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Gallego M, Alday A, Alonso H, Casis O. Adrenergic regulation of cardiac ionic channels: role of membrane microdomains in the regulation of kv4 channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:692-9. [PMID: 23811359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The heart must constantly adapt its activity to the needs of the body. In any potentially dangerous or physically demanding situation the activated sympathetic nervous system leads a very fast cardiac response. Under these circumstances, α1-adrenergic receptors activate intracellular signaling pathways that finally phosphorylate the caveolae-located subpopulation of Kv4 channels and reduce the transient outward K(+) current (Ito) amplitude. This reduction changes the shape of the cardiac action potential and makes the plateau phase to start at higher voltages. This means that there are more calcium ions entering the myocyte and the result is an increase in the strength of the contraction. However, an excessive reduction of Ito could dangerously prolong action potential duration and this could cause arrhythmias when the heart rate is high. This excessive current reduction does not occur because there is a second population of Ito channels located in non-caveolar membrane rafts that are not accessible for α1-AR mediated regulation. Thus, the location of the components of a given transduction signaling pathway in membrane domains determines the correct and safe behavior of the heart. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Reciprocal influences between cell cytoskeleton and membrane channels, receptors and transporters. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Reciprocal influences between cell cytoskeleton and membrane channels, receptors and transporters. Guest Editor: Jean Claude Hervé.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Gallego
- Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Aintzane Alday
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Hiart Alonso
- Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Oscar Casis
- Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
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27
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Margheri G, D’Agostino R, Becucci L, Guidelli R, Tiribilli B, Del Rosso M. Surface plasmon resonance as detection tool for lipids lateral mobility in biomimetic membranes. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 3:3119-3126. [PMID: 23243563 PMCID: PMC3521305 DOI: 10.1364/boe.3.003119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A procedure based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed to monitor the lateral mobility of lipid molecules in solid-supported bilayer lipid membranes (ssBLMs), an essential prerequisite for the formation of important microdomains called lipid rafts (LRs). The procedure relies on the marked tendency of the ganglioside GM1 to be recruited by LRs and to act as a specific receptor of the beta-subunit of the cholera toxin (ChTB). In the presence of both GM1 and ChTB, spontaneous formation of lipid rafts domains in mobile ssBLMs is accompanied by an appreciable increase in the amount of adsorbed ChTB, as monitored by SPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Margheri
- Institute for Complex Systems of National Council of Researches, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Riccardo D’Agostino
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Oncology, Viale G.B.Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Lucia Becucci
- Department of Chemistry, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Rolando Guidelli
- Department of Chemistry, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Bruno Tiribilli
- Institute for Complex Systems of National Council of Researches, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Oncology, Viale G.B.Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
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28
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Polley A, Vemparala S, Rao M. Atomistic Simulations of a Multicomponent Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13403-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3032868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Polley
- Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560 080, India
| | | | - Madan Rao
- Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560 080, India
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR), Bellary Road, Bangalore
560 065, India
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29
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Morandat S, Azouzi S, Beauvais E, Mastouri A, El Kirat K. Atomic force microscopy of model lipid membranes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:1445-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Zimmermann H, Zebisch M, Sträter N. Cellular function and molecular structure of ecto-nucleotidases. Purinergic Signal 2012; 8:437-502. [PMID: 22555564 PMCID: PMC3360096 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-012-9309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 768] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecto-nucleotidases play a pivotal role in purinergic signal transmission. They hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides and thus can control their availability at purinergic P2 receptors. They generate extracellular nucleosides for cellular reuptake and salvage via nucleoside transporters of the plasma membrane. The extracellular adenosine formed acts as an agonist of purinergic P1 receptors. They also can produce and hydrolyze extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate that is of major relevance in the control of bone mineralization. This review discusses and compares four major groups of ecto-nucleotidases: the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases, ecto-5'-nucleotidase, ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases, and alkaline phosphatases. Only recently and based on crystal structures, detailed information regarding the spatial structures and catalytic mechanisms has become available for members of these four ecto-nucleotidase families. This permits detailed predictions of their catalytic mechanisms and a comparison between the individual enzyme groups. The review focuses on the principal biochemical, cell biological, catalytic, and structural properties of the enzymes and provides brief reference to tissue distribution, and physiological and pathophysiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Zimmermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Biologicum, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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31
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Goldston AM, Powell RR, Temesvari LA. Sink or swim: lipid rafts in parasite pathogenesis. Trends Parasitol 2012; 28:417-26. [PMID: 22906512 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipid rafts, sterol- and sphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains, have been extensively studied in mammalian cells. Recently, lipid rafts have been shown to control virulence in a variety of parasites including Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Leishmania spp., Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Trypanosoma spp. Parasite rafts regulate adhesion to host and invasion, and parasite adhesion molecules often localize to rafts. Parasite rafts also control vesicle trafficking, motility, and cell signaling. Parasites disrupt host cell rafts; the dysregulation of host membrane function facilitates the establishment of infection and evasion of the host immune system. Discerning the mechanism by which lipid rafts regulate parasite pathogenesis is essential to our understanding of virulence. Such insight may guide the development of new drugs for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Goldston
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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Di Venere A, Dainese E, Fezza F, Angelucci BC, Rosato N, Cravatt BF, Finazzi-Agrò A, Mei G, Maccarrone M. Rat and human fatty acid amide hydrolases: overt similarities and hidden differences. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1821:1425-33. [PMID: 22877990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a membrane protein that plays a relevant role in the metabolism of fatty acid amides and esters. It degrades important neurotransmitters such as oleamide and anandamide, and it has been involved in a number of human pathological conditions, representing therefore a valuable target for biochemical and pharmacological research. In this study, we have investigated in vitro the structure-function relationship of rat and human FAAHs. In particular circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy and light scattering measurements have been performed, in order to characterize the structural features of the two proteins, both in the presence and absence of the irreversible inhibitor methoxyarachidonyl-fluorophosphonate. The results demonstrate that the structural dynamics of the two FAAHs are different, despite their high sequence homology and overall similarity in temperature-dependence. Additionally, membrane binding and kinetic assays of both FAAHs indicate that also the functional properties of the two enzymes are different in their interaction with lipid bilayers and with exogenous inhibitors. These findings suggest that pre-clinical studies of FAAH-dependent human diseases based only on animal models should be interpreted with caution, and that the efficacy of new drugs targeted to FAAH should be tested in vitro, on both rat and human enzymes.
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Sun S, Suresh S, Liu H, Tepp WH, Johnson EA, Edwardson JM, Chapman ER. Receptor binding enables botulinum neurotoxin B to sense low pH for translocation channel assembly. Cell Host Microbe 2012; 10:237-47. [PMID: 21925111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs, serotypes A-G), elaborated by Clostridium botulinum, can induce lethal paralysis and are classified as Category A bioterrorism agents. However, how BoNTs translocate from endosomes into the cytosol of neurons to gain access to their intracellular targets remains enigmatic. We discovered that binding to the ganglioside GT1b, a toxin coreceptor, enables BoNT/B to sense low pH, undergo a significant change in secondary structure, and transform into a hydrophobic oligomeric membrane protein. Imaging of the toxin on lipid bilayers using atomic force microscopy revealed donut-shaped channel-like structures that resemble other protein translocation assemblies. Toosendanin, a drug with therapeutic effects against botulism, inhibited GT1b-dependent BoNT/B oligomerization and in parallel truncated BoNT/B single-channel conductance, suggesting that oligomerization plays a role in the translocation reaction. Thus, BoNT/B functions as a coincidence detector for receptor and low pH to ensure spatial and temporal accuracy for toxin conversion into a translocation channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihu Sun
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, USA
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β-Casein–phospholipid monolayers as model systems to understand lipid–protein interactions in the milk fat globule membrane. Int Dairy J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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35
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Trovò L, Van Veldhoven PP, Martín MG, Dotti CG. Sphingomyelin upregulation in mature neurons contributes to TrkB activity by Rac1 endocytosis. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:1308-15. [PMID: 21444756 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.078766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A developmentally regulated loss of membrane cholesterol was reported to be sufficient and necessary for activation of neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 (TrkB) in aged neurons in vitro. However, TrkB activity in low cholesterol neurons remains confined to detergent-resistant membrane fractions, indicating that additional lipidic changes occur with age. Analysis of neuronal lipids at different developmental stages revealed a sharp increase in sphingomyelin (SM) during neuronal maturation. Reduction of SM abrogated TrkB activation in mature neurons, whereas increasing SM in immature neurons triggered receptor activation. TrkB activity in high SM background was the consequence of enhanced phosphorylation in the detergent-resistant fractions and increased Rac1-mediated endocytosis. The current results reveal developmental upregulation of SM as an important mechanism for sustaining TrkB activity in the mature nervous system, in addition to the presence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Trovò
- VIB, Department of Developmental Molecular Genetics and KULeuven Department of Human Genetics, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Mace TA, Zhong L, Kilpatrick C, Zynda E, Lee CT, Capitano M, Minderman H, Repasky EA. Differentiation of CD8+ T cells into effector cells is enhanced by physiological range hyperthermia. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 90:951-62. [PMID: 21873456 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0511229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we asked whether exposure to different physiologically relevant temperatures (33°C, 37°C, and 39.5°C) could affect subsequent antigen-specific, activation-related events of naive CD8(+) T cells. We observed that temporary exposure of CD62L(hi)CD44(lo) Pmel-1 CD8(+) cells to 39.5°C prior to their antigen-dependent activation with gp100(25-33) peptide-pulsed C57BL/6 splenocytes resulted in a greater percentage of cells, which eventually differentiated into CD62L(lo)CD44(hi) effector cells compared with cells incubated at 33°C and 37°C. However, the proliferation rate of naive CD8(+) T cells was not affected by mild heating. While exploring these effects further, we observed that mild heating of CD8(+) T cells resulted in the reversible clustering of GM1(+) CD-microdomains in the plasma membrane. This could be attributable to a decrease in line tension in the plasma membrane, as we also observed an increase in membrane fluidity at higher temperatures. Importantly, this same clustering phenomenon was observed in CD8(+) T cells isolated from spleen, LNs, and peripheral blood following mild whole-body heating of mice. Further, we observed that mild heating also resulted in the clustering of TCRβ and the CD8 coreceptor but not CD71R. Finally, we observed an enhanced rate of antigen-specific conjugate formation with APCs following mild heating, which could account for the difference in the extent of differentiation. Overall, these novel findings may help us to further understand the impact of physiologically relevant temperature shifts on the regulation of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell activation and the subsequent generation of effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Mace
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Unraveling lipid/protein interaction in model lipid bilayers by Atomic Force Microscopy. J Mol Recognit 2011; 24:387-96. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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38
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Fat globules selected from whole milk according to their size: Different compositions and structure of the biomembrane, revealing sphingomyelin-rich domains. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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D′auria L, Van Der Smissen P, Bruyneel F, Courtoy PJ, Tyteca D. Segregation of fluorescent membrane lipids into distinct micrometric domains: evidence for phase compartmentation of natural lipids? PLoS One 2011; 6:e17021. [PMID: 21386970 PMCID: PMC3046177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We recently reported that sphingomyelin (SM) analogs substituted on the alkyl chain by various fluorophores (e.g. BODIPY) readily inserted at trace levels into the plasma membrane of living erythrocytes or CHO cells and spontaneously concentrated into micrometric domains. Despite sharing the same fluorescent ceramide backbone, BODIPY-SM domains segregated from similar domains labelled by BODIPY-D-e-lactosylceramide (D-e-LacCer) and depended on endogenous SM. Methodology/Principal Findings We show here that BODIPY-SM further differed from BODIPY-D-e-LacCer or -glucosylceramide (GlcCer) domains in temperature dependence, propensity to excimer formation, association with a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored fluorescent protein reporter, and lateral diffusion by FRAP, thus demonstrating different lipid phases and boundaries. Whereas BODIPY-D-e-LacCer behaved like BODIPY-GlcCer, its artificial stereoisomer, BODIPY-L-t-LacCer, behaved like BODIPY- and NBD-phosphatidylcholine (PC). Surprisingly, these two PC analogs also formed micrometric patches yet preferably at low temperature, did not show excimer, never associated with the GPI reporter and showed major restriction to lateral diffusion when photobleached in large fields. This functional comparison supported a three-phase micrometric compartmentation, of decreasing order: BODIPY-GSLs > -SM > -PC (or artificial L-t-LacCer). Co-existence of three segregated compartments was further supported by double labelling experiments and was confirmed by additive occupancy, up to ∼70% cell surface coverage. Specific alterations of BODIPY-analogs domains by manipulation of corresponding endogenous sphingolipids suggested that distinct fluorescent lipid partition might reflect differential intrinsic propensity of endogenous membrane lipids to form large assemblies. Conclusions/Significance We conclude that fluorescent membrane lipids spontaneously concentrate into distinct micrometric assemblies. We hypothesize that these might reflect preexisting compartmentation of endogenous PM lipids into non-overlapping domains of differential order: GSLs > SM > PC, resulting into differential self-adhesion of the two former, with exclusion of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic D′auria
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Frédéric Bruyneel
- CHOM Unit, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pierre J. Courtoy
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Zhong J. From simple to complex: investigating the effects of lipid composition and phase on the membrane interactions of biomolecules using in situ atomic force microscopy. Integr Biol (Camb) 2011; 3:632-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ib00157k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Human milk fat globules: polar lipid composition and in situ structural investigations revealing the heterogeneous distribution of proteins and the lateral segregation of sphingomyelin in the biological membrane. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 83:29-41. [PMID: 21126862 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although human milk fat globules (MFG) are of primary importance since they are the exclusive lipid delivery carriers in the gastrointestinal tract of breast-fed infants, they remain the poorly understood aspect of milk. The objectives of this study were to investigate these unique colloidal assemblies and their interfacial properties, i.e. composition and structure of their biological membrane. In mature breast milk, MFG have a mean diameter of 4-5 microm, a surface area of about 2m(2)/g fat and an apparent zeta potential ζ=-6.7 ± 0.5 mV at 37°C. Human MFG contain 3-4mg polar lipids/g fat as quantified by HPLC/ELSD. The main polar lipids are sphingomyelin (SM; 36-45%, w/w), phosphatidylcholine (19-23%, w/w) and phosphatidylethanolamine (10-15%, w/w). In situ structural investigations of human MFG have been performed using light and confocal microscopy with adapted fluorescent probes, i.e. Nile Red, the extrinsic phospholipid Rh-DOPE, Fast Green and the lectin WGA-488. This study revealed a spatial heterogeneity in the human milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), with the lateral segregation of SM in liquid-ordered phase domains of various shapes and sizes surrounded by a liquid-disordered phase composed of the glycerophospholipids in which the proteins are dispersed. The glycocalyx formed by glycoproteins and cytoplasmic remnents have also been characterised around human MFG. A new model for the structure of the human MFGM is proposed and discussed. The unique composition and lateral organisation of the human MFGM components could be of metabolic significance and have health impact for the infants that need to be further explored.
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Sullan RMA, Li JK, Hao C, Walker GC, Zou S. Cholesterol-dependent nanomechanical stability of phase-segregated multicomponent lipid bilayers. Biophys J 2010; 99:507-16. [PMID: 20643069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is involved in endocytosis, exocytosis, and the assembly of sphingolipid/cholesterol-enriched domains, as has been demonstrated in both model membranes and living cells. In this work, we explored the influence of different cholesterol levels (5-40 mol%) on the morphology and nanomechanical stability of phase-segregated lipid bilayers consisting of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin/cholesterol (DOPC/SM/Chol) by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging and force mapping. Breakthrough forces were consistently higher in the SM/Chol-enriched liquid-ordered domains (Lo) than in the DOPC-enriched fluid-disordered phase (Ld) at a series of loading rates. We also report the activation energies (DeltaEa) for the formation of an AFM-tip-induced fracture, calculated by a model for the rupture of molecular thin films. The obtained DeltaEa values agree remarkably well with reported values for fusion-related processes using other techniques. Furthermore, we observed that within the Chol range studied, the lateral organization of bilayers can be categorized into three distinct groups. The results are rationalized by fracture nanomechanics of a ternary phospholipid/sphingolipid/cholesterol mixture using correlated AFM-based imaging and force mapping, which demonstrates the influence of a wide range of cholesterol content on the morphology and nanomechanical stability of model bilayers. This provides fundamental insights into the role of cholesterol in the formation and stability of sphingolipid/cholesterol-enriched domains, as well as in membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby May A Sullan
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Kunding AH, Christensen SM, Danielsen EM, Hansen GH. Domains of increased thickness in microvillar membranes of the small intestinal enterocyte. Mol Membr Biol 2010; 27:170-7. [PMID: 20540667 DOI: 10.3109/09687688.2010.494625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The apical surface of the enterocyte is sculpted into a dense array of cylindrical microvillar protrusions by supporting actin filaments. Membrane microdomains (rafts) enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids comprise roughly 50% of the microvillar membrane and play a vital role in orchestrating absorptive/digestive action of dietary nutrients at this important cellular interface. Increased membrane thickness is believed to be a morphological characteristic of rafts. Thus, we investigated whether the high contents of lipid rafts in the microvillar membrane is reflected in local variations in membrane thickness. We measured membrane thickness directly from electron micrographs of sections of fixed mucosal tissue. Indeed, mapping of the microvillar membrane revealed a biphasic distribution of membrane thickness. As a point of reference the thickness distribution of the basolateral membrane was clearly monophasic. The encountered domains of increased thickness (DITs) occupied 48% of the microvillar membrane and from the data we estimated the area of a single DIT to have a lower limit of 600 nm(2). In other experiments we mapped the organization of biochemically defined lipid rafts by immunogold labeling of alkaline phosphatase, a well documented raft marker. Strikingly, the alkaline phosphatase localized to distinct regions of the membrane in a pattern similar to the observed distribution of DITs. Although we were unable to measure membrane thickness directly on the immunogold labeled specimens, and thereby establish an unequivocal connection between DITs and rafts, we conclude that the brush border membrane of the enterocyte contains microdomains distinguishable both by membrane morphology and protein composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas H Kunding
- Bio-Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Phase separation in lipid bilayers triggered by low pH. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 399:571-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Langmuir films from human placental membranes: preparation, rheology, transfer to alkylated glasses, and sigmoidal kinetics of alkaline phosphatase in the resultant Langmuir-Blodgett film. Cell Biochem Biophys 2010; 56:91-107. [PMID: 20033626 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-009-9073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we studied the activity of human placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) constraint in a planar surface in controlled molecular packing conditions. For the first time, Langmuir films (LFs) were prepared by the spreading of purified placental membranes (PPM) on the air-water interface and their stability and rheological properties were studied. LFs exhibited a collapse pressure pi(C) = 48 mN/m, hysteresis during the compression-decompression cycle (C-D), indicating a plastic deformation, and a compressibility modulus (K) compatible with liquid-expanded phases. A phase transition point appeared at pi(T) = 28 mN/m and, following successive C-D, it moved toward lower surface areas and higher K, suggesting the lost of some non-PLAP proteins as components of vesicles that might protrude from the monolayer (confirmed by combining lipid/protein molar ratio analysis, PAGE-SDS and V(max)). LFs were transferred at 35 mN/m to alkylated glasses to obtain Langmuir-Blodgett films (LB(35)) the stability of which was confirmed by AFM. The kinetics of p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) hydrolysis at 37 degrees C catalyzed by PPM was Michaelian and exhibited the thermostability at 60 degrees C typical of PLAP. In LB(35), PLAP exhibited a sigmoidal kinetics which resembled the behavior of the partially metalated enzyme but might become from a cross-talk between protein and membrane structures.
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Suresh S, Edwardson JM. The Endophilin N-BAR Domain Perturbs the Structure of Lipid Bilayers. Biochemistry 2010; 49:5766-71. [DOI: 10.1021/bi100760e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Suresh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | - J. Michael Edwardson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
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Tyteca D, D'Auria L, Der Smissen PV, Medts T, Carpentier S, Monbaliu J, de Diesbach P, Courtoy P. Three unrelated sphingomyelin analogs spontaneously cluster into plasma membrane micrometric domains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1798:909-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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48
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The role of calcium ions in the interactions of PrP106-126 amide with model membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 77:40-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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49
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Gallier S, Gragson D, Jiménez-Flores R, Everett D. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy to probe the milk fat globule membrane and associated proteins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4250-4257. [PMID: 20218614 PMCID: PMC2853928 DOI: 10.1021/jf9032409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is an important, biologically relevant membrane due to its functional and health properties. Its composition has been thoroughly studied, but its structure, especially the lateral organization of its components, still remains unclear. We have used confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to investigate the surface structure of the MFGM in globules with different degrees of processing using two types of fluorescently labeled phospholipid probes and a protein dye. Using this technique, we have observed heterogeneities in the distribution of MFGM lipids and proteins relating to the processing and size of the globules. The effect of pretreating the milk (centrifugation, pasteurization-homogenization and churning) was studied by double-staining the surface of the milk fat globules, followed by observation using CLSM, and by determining the phospholipid profile of raw milk, raw cream, processed milk and buttermilk powder. Our findings agree with other techniques by showing that the composition of the MFGM changes with processing through the loss of phospholipids and the adsorption of caseins and whey proteins onto the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Gallier
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Giocondi MC, Yamamoto D, Lesniewska E, Milhiet PE, Ando T, Le Grimellec C. Surface topography of membrane domains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1798:703-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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