1
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Atxabal U, Fernández A, Moure MJ, Sobczak K, Nycholat C, Almeida-Marrero V, Oyenarte I, Paulson JC, de la Escosura A, Torres T, Reichardt NC, Jiménez-Barbero J, Ereño-Orbea J. Quantifying Siglec-sialylated ligand interactions: a versatile 19F-T 2 CPMG filtered competitive NMR displacement assay. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10612-10624. [PMID: 38994400 PMCID: PMC11234860 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01723d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are integral cell surface proteins crucial for the regulation of immune responses and the maintenance of immune tolerance through interactions with sialic acids. Siglecs recognize sialic acid moieties, usually found at the end of N-glycan and O-glycan chains. However, the different Siglecs prefer diverse presentations of the recognized sialic acid, depending on the type of glycosidic linkage used to link to the contiguous Gal/GalNAc or sialic acid moieties. This fact, together with possible O- or N-substitutions at the recognized glycan epitope significantly influences their roles in various immune-related processes. Understanding the molecular details of Siglec-sialoglycan interactions is essential for unraveling their specificities and for the development of new molecules targeting these receptors. While traditional biophysical methods like isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) have been utilized to measure binding between lectins and glycans, contemporary techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), microscale thermophoresis (MST), and biolayer interferometry (BLI) offer improved throughput. However, these methodologies require chemical modification and immobilization of at least one binding partner, which can interfere the recognition between the lectin and the ligand. Since Siglecs display a large range of dissociation constants, depending on the (bio)chemical nature of the interacting partner, a general and robust method that could monitor and quantify binding would be highly welcomed. Herein, we propose the application of an NMR-based a competitive displacement assay, grounded on 19F T2-relaxation NMR and on the design, synthesis, and use of a strategic spy molecule, to assess and quantify sialoside ligand binding to Siglecs. We show that the use of this specific approach allows the quantification of Siglec binding for natural and modified sialosides, multivalent sialosides, and sialylated glycoproteins in solution, which differ in binding affinities in more than two orders of magnitude, thus providing invaluable insights into sialoglycan-mediated interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unai Atxabal
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) 48160 Derio Bizkaia Spain
| | - Andrea Fernández
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) 48160 Derio Bizkaia Spain
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE Paseo Miramon 194 San Sebastian 20014 Spain
| | - Maria Jesús Moure
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) 48160 Derio Bizkaia Spain
| | - Klaudia Sobczak
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) 48160 Derio Bizkaia Spain
| | - Corwin Nycholat
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla California 92037 USA
| | - Verónica Almeida-Marrero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) 48160 Derio Bizkaia Spain
| | - James C Paulson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla California 92037 USA
| | - Andrés de la Escosura
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia C/Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Niels C Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE Paseo Miramon 194 San Sebastian 20014 Spain
- CIBER-BBN Paseo Miramon 194 San Sebastian 20014 Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) 48160 Derio Bizkaia Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spain
- Department of Organic & Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, EHU-UPV 48940 Leioa Bizkaia Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - June Ereño-Orbea
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) 48160 Derio Bizkaia Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spain
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2
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Galaski J, Rishiq A, Liu M, Bsoul R, Bergson A, Lux R, Bachrach G, Mandelboim O. Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum RadD binds Siglec-7 and inhibits NK cell-mediated cancer cell killing. iScience 2024; 27:110157. [PMID: 38952680 PMCID: PMC11215305 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is an oral commensal bacterium that can colonize extraoral tumor entities, such as colorectal cancer and breast cancer. Recent studies revealed its ability to modulate the immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME), promoting cancer progression and metastasis. Importantly, F. nucleatum subsp. animalis was shown to bind to Siglec-7 via lipopolysaccharides, leading to a pro-inflammatory profile in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. In this study, we show that F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum RadD binds to Siglec-7 on NK cells, thereby inhibiting NK cell-mediated cancer cell killing. We demonstrate that this binding is dependent on arginine residue R124 in Siglec-7. Finally, we determine that this binding is independent of the known interaction of RadD with IgA. Taken together, our findings elucidate the targeting of Siglec-7 by F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum RadD as a means to modulate the NK cell response and potentially promoting immune evasion and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Galaski
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Centre University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Rishiq
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mingdong Liu
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Reem Bsoul
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Almog Bergson
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Renate Lux
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gilad Bachrach
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at the Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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3
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Ayyalasomayajula R, Cudic M. Targeting Siglec-Sialylated MUC1 Immune Axis in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1334. [PMID: 38611013 PMCID: PMC11011055 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Siglecs play a key role in mediating cell-cell interactions via the recognition of different sialylated glycoconjugates, including tumor-associated MUC1, which can lead to the activation or inhibition of the immune response. The activation occurs through the signaling of Siglecs with the cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing proteins, while the inhibition signal is a result of the interaction of intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM)-bearing receptors. The interaction of tumor-associated MUC1 sialylated glycans with Siglecs via ITIM motifs decreases antitumor immunity. Consequently, these interactions are expected to play a key role in tumor evasion. Efforts to modulate the response of immune cells by blocking the immune-suppressive effects of inhibitory Siglecs, driving immune-activating Siglecs, and/or altering the synthesis and expression of the sialic acid glycocalyx are new therapeutic strategies deserving further investigation. We will highlight the role of Siglec's family receptors in immune evasion through interactions with glycan ligands in their natural context, presented on the protein such as MUC1, factors affecting their fine binding specificities, such as the role of multivalency either at the ligand or receptor side, their spatial organization, and finally the current and future therapeutic interventions targeting the Siglec-sialylated MUC1 immune axis in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mare Cudic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Rd., Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;
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4
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Lee IM, Wu HY, Angata T, Wu SH. Bacterial pseudaminic acid binding to Siglec-10 induces a macrophage interleukin-10 response and suppresses phagocytosis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2930-2933. [PMID: 38372418 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00077c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Pseudaminic acid (Pse) on pathogenic bacteria exopolysaccharide engages with the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin (Siglec)-10 receptor on macrophages via the critical 7-N-acetyl group. This binding stimulates macrophages to secrete interleukin 10 that suppresses phagocytosis against bacteria, but can be reverted by blocking Pse-Siglec-10 interaction with Pse-binding protein as a promising therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lien-hai Road, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yu Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
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5
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Babulic JL, Kofsky JM, Boddington ME, Kim Y, Leblanc EV, Cook MG, Garnier CR, Emberley-Korkmaz S, Colpitts CC, Capicciotti CJ. One-Step Selective Labeling of Native Cell Surface Sialoglycans by Exogenous α2,8-Sialylation. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2418-2429. [PMID: 37934063 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Exo-enzymatic glycan labeling strategies have emerged as versatile tools for efficient and selective installation of terminal glyco-motifs onto live cell surfaces. Through employing specific enzymes and nucleotide-sugar probes, cells can be equipped with defined glyco-epitopes for modulating cell function or selective visualization and enrichment of glycoconjugates. Here, we identifyCampylobacter jejunisialyltransferase Cst-II I53S as a tool for cell surface glycan modification, expanding the exo-enzymatic labeling toolkit to include installation of α2,8-disialyl epitopes. Labeling with Cst-II was achieved with biotin- and azide-tagged CMP-Neu5Ac derivatives on a model glycoprotein and native sialylated cell surface glycans across a panel of cell lines. The introduction of modified Neu5Ac derivatives onto cells by Cst-II was also retained on the surface for 6 h. By examining the specificity of Cst-II on cell surfaces, it was revealed that the α2,8-sialyltransferase primarily labeled N-glycans, with O-glycans labeled to a lesser extent, and there was an apparent preference for α2,3-linked sialosides on cells. This approach thus broadens the scope of tools for selective exo-enzymatic labeling of native sialylated glycans and is highly amenable for the construction of cell-based arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Babulic
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Joshua M Kofsky
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Marie E Boddington
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Youjin Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle V Leblanc
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Madeleine G Cook
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Cole R Garnier
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sophie Emberley-Korkmaz
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Che C Colpitts
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Chantelle J Capicciotti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
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6
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Wang Y, Peng Y, Long R, Shi P, Zhang Y, Kong DX, Zheng J, Wang X. Sequence variety in the CC' loop of Siglec-8/9/3 determines the recognitions to sulfated oligosaccharides. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4159-4171. [PMID: 37675287 PMCID: PMC10477811 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Siglecs are important lectins found in different types of immune cells and function as regulatory molecules by recognizing self-associated glycans and converting extracellular interactions into signals for inhibiting immune cell functions. Although many Siglecs have been found to show broad specificities and recognize different types of sulfated oligosaccharides, Siglec-8 and Siglec-9 displayed a high degree of specificity for sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (sLacNAc) with sulfations at O6-positions of the galactose (6'-sulfation) and N-acetylglucosamine (6-sulfation), respectively. Siglec-3 was recently discovered to bind sLacNAc both sulfations. In addition to a conserved arginine residue for binding to sialic acid residue, the sequence variety in the CC' loop may provide binding specificities to sulfated oligosaccharides in Siglecs. Thus, the present study employed molecular models to study the impact of different residues in the CC' loops of Siglec-8/9/3 to the recognitions of 6-sulfations in Gal and/or GlcNAc of sLacNAc. The negatively charged residues in the CC' loop of Siglec-9 formed unfavorable electrostatic repulsions with the 6-sulfate in Gal and resulted no recognitions, in contrast to the favorable interactions formed between the positively charged residues in the CC' loop of Siglec-8 and the 6-sulfate in Gal resulting strong specificity. A two-state binding model was proposed for Siglec-3 recognizing 6-sulfations in Gal and GlcNAc of sLacNAc, as the neutral residues in the CC' loop of Siglec-3 could not form strong favorable interactions to lock the 6-sulfate in Gal within a single binding pose or strong unfavorable interactions to repel the 6-sulfate in Gal. The oligosaccharide adopted two distinctive binding poses and oriented the sulfate groups to form interactions with residues in the CC' loop and G-strand. The present study provided a structural mechanism for the sequence variety in the CC' loop of Siglec-8/9/3 determining the recognitions to the sulfated oligosaccharides and offered insights into the binding specificities for Siglecs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yujie Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Rui Long
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Peiting Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yinghao Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - De-Xin Kong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jinshui Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaocong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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7
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Zhou X, Chi K, Zhang C, Liu Q, Yang G. Sialylation: A Cloak for Tumors to Trick the Immune System in the Microenvironment. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:832. [PMID: 37372117 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), where the tumor cells incite the surrounding normal cells to create an immune suppressive environment, reduces the effectiveness of immune responses during cancer development. Sialylation, a type of glycosylation that occurs on cell surface proteins, lipids, and glycoRNAs, is known to accumulate in tumors and acts as a "cloak" to help tumor cells evade immunological surveillance. In the last few years, the role of sialylation in tumor proliferation and metastasis has become increasingly evident. With the advent of single-cell and spatial sequencing technologies, more research is being conducted to understand the effects of sialylation on immunity regulation. This review provides updated insights into recent research on the function of sialylation in tumor biology and summarizes the latest developments in sialylation-targeted tumor therapeutics, including antibody-mediated and metabolic-based sialylation inhibition, as well as interference with sialic acid-Siglec interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kaijun Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chairui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ganglong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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8
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van Houtum EJH, Kers-Rebel ED, Looman MW, Hooijberg E, Büll C, Granado D, Cornelissen LAM, Adema GJ. Tumor cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironmental conditions co-determine signaling by the glycoimmune checkpoint receptor Siglec-7. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:169. [PMID: 37253806 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tumors create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by altering protein expression, but also by changing their glycosylation status, like altered expression of sialoglycans. Sialoglycans are capped with sialic acid sugar residues and are recognized by Siglec immune receptors. Siglec-7 is an inhibitory immune receptor similar to PD-1, and is emerging as glycoimmune checkpoint exploited by cancer cells to evade the immune system. However, the exact cellular and molecular conditions required for Siglec-7-mediated immune cell inhibition remain largely unknown. Here, we report on the development of a chimeric Siglec-7 cell system that enables dissection of Siglec-7 signaling, rather than Siglec-7 binding. Antibody-induced clustering, sialic acid-containing polymers, and highly sialylated erythrocytes effectively induced Siglec-7 signaling, thereby validating functionality of this reporter system. Moreover, the system reveals tumor cell-dependent Siglec-7 signaling. Tumor-associated conditions important for Siglec-7 signaling were defined, such as Siglec-7 ligand expression levels, presence of the known Siglec-7 ligand CD43, and sialic acid availability for sialylation of glycans. Importantly, therapeutic targeting of the Siglec-7/sialic acid axis using a sialyltransferase inhibitor resulted in strong reduction of Siglec-7 signaling. In conclusion, using a newly established cellular tool, we defined a set of tumor-associated conditions that influence Siglec-7 signaling. Moreover, the system allows to assess the efficacy of novel cancer drugs interfering with the Siglec-7/sialic acid axis as immunotherapy to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline J H van Houtum
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther D Kers-Rebel
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike W Looman
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Hooijberg
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Büll
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Granado
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lenneke A M Cornelissen
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Post 874, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Chi K, Xu H, Li H, Yang G, Zhou X, Gao XD. Expression of a Siglec-Fc Protein and Its Characterization. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040574. [PMID: 37106774 PMCID: PMC10135921 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The emerging importance of the Siglec-sialic acid axis in human disease, especially cancer, has necessitated the identification of ligands for Siglecs. Recombinant Siglec-Fc fusion proteins have been widely used as ligand detectors, and also as sialic acid-targeted antibody-like proteins for cancer treatment. However, the heterogenetic properties of the Siglec-Fc fusion proteins prepared from various expression systems have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we selected HEK293 and CHO cells for producing Siglec9-Fc and further evaluated the properties of the products. The protein yield in CHO (8.23 mg/L) was slightly higher than that in HEK293 (7.46 mg/L). The Siglec9-Fc possesses five N-glycosylation sites and one of them is located in its Fc domain, which is important for the quality control of protein production and also the immunogenicity of Siglec-Fc. Our glycol-analysis confirmed that the recombinant protein from HEK293 received more fucosylation, while CHO showed more sialylation. Both products revealed a high dimerization ratio and sialic acid binding activity, which was confirmed by the staining of cancer cell lines and bladder cancer tissue. Finally, our Siglec9-Fc product was used to analyze the potential ligands on cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huilin Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hanjie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ganglong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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10
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Glycomimetic Peptides as Therapeutic Tools. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020688. [PMID: 36840010 PMCID: PMC9966187 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The entry of peptides into glycobiology has led to the development of a unique class of therapeutic tools. Although numerous and well-known peptides are active as endocrine regulatory factors that bind to specific receptors, and peptides have been used extensively as epitopes for vaccine production, the use of peptides that mimic sugars as ligands of lectin-type receptors has opened a unique approach to modulate activity of immune cells. Ground-breaking work that initiated the use of peptides as tools for therapy identified sugar mimetics by screening phage display libraries. The peptides that have been discovered show significant potential as high-avidity, therapeutic tools when synthesized as multivalent structures. Advantages of peptides over sugars as drugs for immune modulation will be illustrated in this review.
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11
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Prescher H, Schweizer A, Frank M, Kuhfeldt E, Ring J, Nitschke L. Targeting Human CD22/Siglec-2 with Dimeric Sialosides as Novel Oligosaccharide Mimetics. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10588-10610. [PMID: 35881556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Significant interest in the development of high-affinity ligands for Siglecs exists due to the various therapeutically relevant functions of these proteins. Here, we report a new strategy to develop and design Siglec ligands as disialyl-oligosaccharide mimetics exemplified on Siglec-2 (CD22). We report insights into development of dimeric ligands with high affinity and avidity to cell surface-expressed CD22, assay development, tool compounds, structure activity relationships, and biological data on calcium flux regulation in B-cells. The binding modes of selected ligands have been modeled based on state-of-the-art molecular dynamics simulations on the microsecond timescale, providing detailed views on ligand binding and opening a new perspective on drug design efforts for Siglecs. High-avidity dimeric ligands containing a linker opening the way towards bispecifics are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Astrid Schweizer
- Chair of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Frank
- Biognos AB, Generatorsgatan 1, 40274 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Julia Ring
- Chair of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lars Nitschke
- Chair of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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12
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Li P, Kawade SK, Adak AK, Shen Y, Fan C, Hsieh Y, Angata T, Chen Y, Lin C. Ligand‐assisted imprinting‐probe‐labeling
strategy reveals Siglec‐7 ‐ glycoprotein interactions. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Jhen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan
| | | | - Avijit K. Adak
- Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Ju Shen
- Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Chen‐Yo Fan
- Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Heng Hsieh
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chun‐Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
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13
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Metcalf KJ, Hayward MK, Berens E, Ironside AJ, Stashko C, Hwang ES, Weaver VM. Immunosuppressive glycoproteins associate with breast tumor fibrosis and aggression. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 14:100105. [PMID: 35392183 PMCID: PMC8981759 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors feature elevated sialoglycoprotein content. Sialoglycoproteins promote tumor progression and are linked to immune suppression via the sialic acid-Siglec axis. Understanding factors that increase sialoglycoprotein biosynthesis in tumors could identify approaches to improve patient response to immunotherapy. We quantified higher levels of sialoglycoproteins in the fibrotic regions within human breast tumor tissues. Human breast tumor subtypes, which are more fibrotic, similarly featured increased sialoglycoprotein content. Further analysis revealed the breast cancer cells as the primary cell type synthesizing and secreting the tumor tissue sialoglycoproteins and confirmed that the more aggressive, fibrotic breast cancer subtypes expressed the highest levels of sialoglycoprotein biosynthetic genes. The more aggressive breast cancer subtypes also featured greater infiltration of immunosuppressive SIGLEC7, SIGLEC9, and SIGLEC10-pos myeloid cells, indicating that triple-negative breast tumors had higher expression of both immunosuppressive Siglec receptors and their cognate ligands. The findings link sialoglycoprotein biosynthesis and secretion to tumor fibrosis and aggression in human breast tumors. The data suggest targeting of the sialic acid-Siglec axis may comprise an attractive therapeutic target particularly for the more aggressive HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin James Metcalf
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mary-Kate Hayward
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Eric Berens
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Alastair J. Ironside
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Connor Stashko
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - E. Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Valerie M. Weaver
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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14
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Bensing BA, Stubbs HE, Agarwal R, Yamakawa I, Luong K, Solakyildirim K, Yu H, Hadadianpour A, Castro MA, Fialkowski KP, Morrison KM, Wawrzak Z, Chen X, Lebrilla CB, Baudry J, Smith JC, Sullam PM, Iverson TM. Origins of glycan selectivity in streptococcal Siglec-like adhesins suggest mechanisms of receptor adaptation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2753. [PMID: 35585145 PMCID: PMC9117288 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial binding to host receptors underlies both commensalism and pathogenesis. Many streptococci adhere to protein-attached carbohydrates expressed on cell surfaces using Siglec-like binding regions (SLBRs). The precise glycan repertoire recognized may dictate whether the organism is a strict commensal versus a pathogen. However, it is currently not clear what drives receptor selectivity. Here, we use five representative SLBRs and identify regions of the receptor binding site that are hypervariable in sequence and structure. We show that these regions control the identity of the preferred carbohydrate ligand using chimeragenesis and single amino acid substitutions. We further evaluate how the identity of the preferred ligand affects the interaction with glycoprotein receptors in human saliva and plasma samples. As point mutations can change the preferred human receptor, these studies suggest how streptococci may adapt to changes in the environmental glycan repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Bensing
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Haley E Stubbs
- Graduate Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Rupesh Agarwal
- University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Molecular Biophysics, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6309, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Izumi Yamakawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- School of Nursing, Belmont University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Kelvin Luong
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kemal Solakyildirim
- Department of Chemistry, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 24100, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Azadeh Hadadianpour
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Manuel A Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kevin P Fialkowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - KeAndreya M Morrison
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Zdzislaw Wawrzak
- LS-CAT Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jerome Baudry
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
| | - Jeremy C Smith
- University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Molecular Biophysics, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6309, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Paul M Sullam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - T M Iverson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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15
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Garcia V, Perera YR, Chazin WJ. A Structural Perspective on Calprotectin as a Ligand of Receptors Mediating Inflammation and Potential Drug Target. Biomolecules 2022; 12:519. [PMID: 35454108 PMCID: PMC9026754 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Calprotectin, a heterodimer of S100A8 and S100A9 EF-hand calcium-binding proteins, is an integral part of the innate immune response. Calprotectin (CP) serves as a ligand for several pattern recognition cell surface receptors including the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33). The receptors initiate kinase signaling cascades that activate inflammation through the NF-kB pathway. Receptor activation by CP leads to upregulation of both receptor and ligand, a positive feedback loop associated with specific chronic inflammatory syndromes. Hence, CP and its two constituent homodimers have been viewed as potential targets to suppress certain chronic inflammation pathologies. A variety of inhibitors of CP and other S100 proteins have been investigated for more than 30 years, but no candidates have advanced significantly into clinical trials. Here, current knowledge of the interactions of CP with its receptors is reviewed along with recent progress towards the development of CP-directed chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velia Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA;
| | - Yasiru Randika Perera
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Walter Jacob Chazin
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
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16
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Singh RP, Niharika J, Kondepudi KK, Bishnoi M, Tingirikari JMR. Recent understanding of human milk oligosaccharides in establishing infant gut microbiome and roles in immune system. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110884. [PMID: 34980411 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are complex sugars with distinctive structural diversity present in breast milk. HMOs have various functional roles to play in infant development starting from establishing the gut microbiome and immune system to take it up to the mature phase. It has been a major energy source for human gut microbes that confer positive benefits on infant health by directly interacting through intestinal cells and generating short-chain fatty acids. It has recently become evident that each species of Bifidobacterium and other genera which are resident of the infant gut employ distinct molecular mechanisms to capture and digest diverse structural HMOs to avoid competition among themselves and successfully maintain gut homeostasis. HMOs also directly modulate gut immune responses and can decoy receptors of pathogenic bacteria and viruses, inhibiting their binding on intestinal cells, thus preventing the emergence of a disease. This review provides a critical understanding of how different gut bacteria capture and utilize selective sugars from the HMO pool and how different structural HMOs protect infants from infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Pal Singh
- Laboratory of Gut Glycobiology, Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Jayashree Niharika
- Laboratory of Gut Glycobiology, Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Jagan Mohan Rao Tingirikari
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem, Andhra Pradesh 534101, India
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17
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Kobiela A, Frackowiak JE, Biernacka A, Hovhannisyan L, Bogucka AE, Panek K, Paul AA, Lukomska J, Wang X, Giannoulatou E, Krolicka A, Zielinski J, Deptula M, Pikula M, Gabrielsson S, Ogg GS, Gutowska-Owsiak D. Exposure of Keratinocytes to Candida Albicans in the Context of Atopic Milieu Induces Changes in the Surface Glycosylation Pattern of Small Extracellular Vesicles to Enhance Their Propensity to Interact With Inhibitory Siglec Receptors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884530. [PMID: 35784319 PMCID: PMC9248261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection is a potential complication in the individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) and can affect clinical course of the disease. Here, using primary keratinocytes we determined that atopic milieu promotes changes in the interaction of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with dendritic cells and that this is further enhanced by the presence of C. albicans. sEV uptake is largely dependent on the expression of glycans on their surface; modelling of the protein interactions indicated that recognition of this pathogen through C. albicans-relevant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is linked to several glycosylation enzymes which may in turn affect the expression of sEV glycans. Here, significant changes in the surface glycosylation pattern, as determined by lectin array, could be observed in sEVs upon a combined exposure of keratinocytes to AD cytokines and C. albicans. This included enhanced expression of multiple types of glycans, for which several dendritic cell receptors could be proposed as binding partners. Blocking experiments showed predominant involvement of the inhibitory Siglec-7 and -9 receptors in the sEV-cell interaction and the engagement of sialic acid-containing carbohydrate moieties on the surface of sEVs. This pointed on ST6 β-Galactoside α-2,6-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) and Core 1 β,3-Galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) as potential enzymes involved in the process of remodelling of the sEV surface glycans upon C. albicans exposure. Our results suggest that, in combination with atopic dermatitis milieu, C. albicans promotes alterations in the glycosylation pattern of keratinocyte-derived sEVs to interact with inhibitory Siglecs on antigen presenting cells. Hence, a strategy aiming at this pathway to enhance antifungal responses and restrict pathogen spread could offer novel therapeutic options for skin candidiasis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kobiela
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna E Frackowiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Biernacka
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lilit Hovhannisyan
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra E Bogucka
- The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kinga Panek
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Argho Aninda Paul
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Lukomska
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Xinwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Giannoulatou
- Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Krolicka
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Zielinski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Milena Deptula
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Pikula
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graham S Ogg
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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18
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Soares CO, Grosso AS, Ereño-Orbea J, Coelho H, Marcelo F. Molecular Recognition Insights of Sialic Acid Glycans by Distinct Receptors Unveiled by NMR and Molecular Modeling. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:727847. [PMID: 34869580 PMCID: PMC8634706 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.727847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
All cells are decorated with a highly dense and complex structure of glycan chains, which are mostly attached to proteins and lipids. In this context, sialic acids are a family of nine-carbon acidic monosaccharides typically found at the terminal position of glycan chains, modulating several physiological and pathological processes. Sialic acids have many structural and modulatory roles due to their negative charge and hydrophilicity. In addition, the recognition of sialic acid glycans by mammalian cell lectins, such as siglecs, has been described as an important immunological checkpoint. Furthermore, sialic acid glycans also play a pivotal role in host-pathogen interactions. Various pathogen receptors exposed on the surface of viruses and bacteria are responsible for the binding to sialic acid sugars located on the surface of host cells, becoming a critical point of contact in the infection process. Understanding the molecular mechanism of sialic acid glycans recognition by sialic acid-binding proteins, present on the surface of pathogens or human cells, is essential to realize the biological mechanism of these events and paves the way for the rational development of strategies to modulate sialic acid-protein interactions in diseases. In this perspective, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, assisted with molecular modeling protocols, is a versatile and powerful technique to investigate the structural and dynamic aspects of glycoconjugates and their interactions in solution at the atomic level. NMR provides the corresponding ligand and protein epitopes, essential for designing and developing potential glycan-based therapies. In this review, we critically discuss the current state of knowledge about the structural features behind the molecular recognition of sialic acid glycans by different receptors, naturally present on human cells or pathogens, disclosed by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Oliveira Soares
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Grosso
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - June Ereño-Orbea
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Bizkaia Technology Park, Bilbao, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Helena Coelho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
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19
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Dandopath Patra M. Comparative study of binding abilities of Siglec-7 to different ligands using molecular modeling techniques and structural analysis. J Carbohydr Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2021.1954656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Genome-wide CRISPR screens reveal a specific ligand for the glycan-binding immune checkpoint receptor Siglec-7. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2015024118. [PMID: 33495350 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015024118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyco-immune checkpoint receptors, molecules that inhibit immune cell activity following binding to glycosylated cell-surface antigens, are emerging as attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy. Defining biologically relevant ligands that bind and activate such receptors, however, has historically been a significant challenge. Here, we present a CRISPRi genomic screening strategy that allowed unbiased identification of the key genes required for cell-surface presentation of glycan ligands on leukemia cells that bind the glyco-immune checkpoint receptors Siglec-7 and Siglec-9. This approach revealed a selective interaction between Siglec-7 and the mucin-type glycoprotein CD43. Further work identified a specific N-terminal glycopeptide region of CD43 containing clusters of disialylated O-glycan tetrasaccharides that form specific Siglec-7 binding motifs. Knockout or blockade of CD43 in leukemia cells relieves Siglec-7-mediated inhibition of immune killing activity. This work identifies a potential target for immune checkpoint blockade therapy and represents a generalizable approach to dissection of glycan-receptor interactions in living cells.
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21
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Li RJE, de Haas A, Rodríguez E, Kalay H, Zaal A, Jimenez CR, Piersma SR, Pham TV, Henneman AA, de Goeij-de Haas RR, van Vliet SJ, van Kooyk Y. Quantitative Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals Dendritic Cell- Specific STAT Signaling After α2-3-Linked Sialic Acid Ligand Binding. Front Immunol 2021; 12:673454. [PMID: 33968084 PMCID: PMC8100677 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.673454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key initiators of the adaptive immunity, and upon recognition of pathogens are able to skew T cell differentiation to elicit appropriate responses. DCs possess this extraordinary capacity to discern external signals using receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These can be glycan-binding receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens or pathogen-associated patterns that additionally bind receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). This study explores the early signaling events in DCs upon binding of α2-3 sialic acid (α2-3sia) that are recognized by Immune inhibitory Sialic acid binding immunoglobulin type lectins. α2-3sias are commonly found on bacteria, e.g. Group B Streptococcus, but can also be expressed by tumor cells. We investigated whether α2-3sia conjugated to a dendrimeric core alters DC signaling properties. Through phosphoproteomic analysis, we found differential signaling profiles in DCs after α2-3sia binding alone or in combination with LPS/TLR4 co-stimulation. α2-3sia was able to modulate the TLR4 signaling cascade, resulting in 109 altered phosphoproteins. These phosphoproteins were annotated to seven biological processes, including the regulation of the IL-12 cytokine pathway. Secretion of IL-10, the inhibitory regulator of IL-12 production, by DCs was found upregulated after overnight stimulation with the α2-3sia dendrimer. Analysis of kinase activity revealed altered signatures in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. PhosphoSTAT3 (Ser727) and phosphoSTAT5A (Ser780), involved in the regulation of the IL-12 pathway, were both downregulated. Flow cytometric quantification indeed revealed de- phosphorylation over time upon stimulation with α2-3sia, but no α2-6sia. Inhibition of both STAT3 and -5A in moDCs resulted in a similar cytokine secretion profile as α-3sia triggered DCs. Conclusively, this study revealed a specific alteration of the JAK-STAT pathway in DCs upon simultaneous α2-3sia and LPS stimulation, altering the IL10:IL-12 cytokine secretion profile associated with reduction of inflammation. Targeted control of the STAT phosphorylation status is therefore an interesting lead for the abrogation of immune escape that bacteria or tumors impose on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jún Eveline Li
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aram de Haas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anouk Zaal
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex A Henneman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Richard R de Goeij-de Haas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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22
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Yoshimura A, Asahina Y, Chang LY, Angata T, Tanaka H, Kitajima K, Sato C. Identification and functional characterization of a Siglec-7 counter-receptor on K562 cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100477. [PMID: 33640457 PMCID: PMC8040268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid (Sia)-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 7 (Siglec-7) is an inhibitory receptor primarily expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes. Siglec-7 is known to negatively regulate the innate immune system through Sia binding to distinguish self and nonself; however, a counter-receptor bearing its natural ligand remains largely unclear. Here, we identified a counter-receptor of Siglec-7 using K562 hematopoietic carcinoma cells presenting cell surface ligands for Siglec-7. We affinity-purified the ligands using Fc-ligated recombinant Siglec-7 and diSia-dextran polymer, a strong inhibitor for Siglec-7. We then confirmed the counter-receptor for Siglec-7 as leukosialin (CD43) through mass spectrometry, immunoprecipitation, and proximity labeling. Additionally, we demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of NK cells toward K562 cells was suppressed by overexpression of leukosialin in a Siglec-7-dependent manner. Taken together, our data suggest that leukosialin on K562 is a counter-receptor for Siglec-7 on NK cells and that a cluster of the Sia-containing glycan epitope on leukosialin is key as trans-ligand for unmasking the cis-ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yoshimura
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Asahina
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Lan-Yi Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Kitajima
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Integrated Glyco-Biomedical Research Center (iGMed), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sato
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Integrated Glyco-Biomedical Research Center (iGMed), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan.
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23
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Wißfeld J, Nozaki I, Mathews M, Raschka T, Ebeling C, Hornung V, Brüstle O, Neumann H. Deletion of Alzheimer's disease-associated CD33 results in an inflammatory human microglia phenotype. Glia 2021; 69:1393-1412. [PMID: 33539598 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies demonstrated that polymorphisms in the CD33/sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 3 gene are associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). CD33 is expressed on myeloid immune cells and mediates inhibitory signaling through protein tyrosine phosphatases, but the exact function of CD33 in microglia is still unknown. Here, we analyzed CD33 knockout human THP1 macrophages and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia for immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif pathway activation, cytokine transcription, phagocytosis, and phagocytosis-associated oxidative burst. Transcriptome analysis of the macrophage lines showed that knockout of CD33 as well as knockdown of the CD33 signaling-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 6 (PTPN6) led to constitutive activation of inflammation-related pathways. Moreover, deletion of CD33 or expression of Exon 2-deleted CD33 (CD33ΔE2 /CD33m) led to increased phosphorylation of the kinases spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1 and 2). Transcript analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed increased levels of interleukin (IL) 1B, IL8, and IL10 after knockout of CD33 in macrophages and microglia. In addition, upregulation of the gene transcripts of the AD-associated phosphatase INPP5D was observed after knockout of CD33. Functional analysis of macrophages and microglia showed that phagocytosis of aggregated amyloid-β1-42 and bacterial particles were increased after knockout of CD33 or CD33ΔE2 expression and knockdown of PTPN6. Furthermore, the phagocytic oxidative burst during uptake of amyloid-β1-42 or bacterial particles was increased after CD33 knockout but not in CD33ΔE2 -expressing microglia. In summary, deletion of CD33 or expression of CD33ΔE2 in human macrophages and microglia resulted in putative beneficial phagocytosis of amyloid β1-42 , but potentially detrimental oxidative burst and inflammation, which was absent in CD33ΔE2 -expressing microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Wißfeld
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ichiro Nozaki
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mona Mathews
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE & BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tamara Raschka
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Christian Ebeling
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Veit Hornung
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Brüstle
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE & BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Harald Neumann
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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24
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Rosenstock P, Kaufmann T. Sialic Acids and Their Influence on Human NK Cell Function. Cells 2021; 10:263. [PMID: 33572710 PMCID: PMC7911748 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are sugars with a nine-carbon backbone, present on the surface of all cells in humans, including immune cells and their target cells, with various functions. Natural Killer (NK) cells are cells of the innate immune system, capable of killing virus-infected and tumor cells. Sialic acids can influence the interaction of NK cells with potential targets in several ways. Different NK cell receptors can bind sialic acids, leading to NK cell inhibition or activation. Moreover, NK cells have sialic acids on their surface, which can regulate receptor abundance and activity. This review is focused on how sialic acids on NK cells and their target cells are involved in NK cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Rosenstock
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystr. 1, D-06114 Halle/Saale, Germany;
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25
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Current Status on Therapeutic Molecules Targeting Siglec Receptors. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122691. [PMID: 33333862 PMCID: PMC7765293 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type of lectins (Siglecs) are receptors that recognize sialic acid-containing glycans. In the majority of the cases, Siglecs are expressed on immune cells and play a critical role in regulating immune cell signaling. Over the years, it has been shown that the sialic acid-Siglec axis participates in immunological homeostasis, and that any imbalance can trigger different pathologies, such as autoimmune diseases or cancer. For all this, different therapeutics have been developed that bind to Siglecs, either based on antibodies or being smaller molecules. In this review, we briefly introduce the Siglec family and we compile a description of glycan-based molecules and antibody-based therapies (including CAR-T and bispecific antibodies) that have been designed to therapeutically targeting Siglecs.
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26
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The conserved arginine residue in all siglecs is essential for Siglec-7 binding to sialic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:1069-1075. [PMID: 33248687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Siglecs are sialic acid (Sia)-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins; the majority of Siglecs functions as transmembrane receptors on the immune cells via Sia residues. Recently, a new Sia binding site in Siglec-7, termed site 2, where arginine (R) 67 was critical, was identified by computational modeling and biochemical analyses, relative to the primary Sia binding site, termed site 1, containing critical R124. Here, the presence of a new essential R94 residue, which is completely conserved among all identified Siglecs, was demonstrated. A mutation of R94 residue in Siglec-7 led to the disappearance of the Sia binding property, similar to a site 1 mutation (R124A). R94 is close to R67 in site 2, and site 2 mutations at either of them abolished the ligand-binding properties to both gangliosides and glycoproteins. These data suggest that, in addition to site 1, the conserved R residue among Siglecs in site 2 is another functional site.
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27
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Sivori S, Della Chiesa M, Carlomagno S, Quatrini L, Munari E, Vacca P, Tumino N, Mariotti FR, Mingari MC, Pende D, Moretta L. Inhibitory Receptors and Checkpoints in Human NK Cells, Implications for the Immunotherapy of Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2156. [PMID: 33013909 PMCID: PMC7494755 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly destructive mechanisms by which the immune system faces microbial infections is under the control of a series of inhibitory receptors. While most of these receptors prevent unwanted/excessive responses of individual effector cells, others play a more general role in immunity, acting as true inhibitory checkpoints controlling both innate and adaptive immunity. Regarding human NK cells, their function is finely regulated by HLA-class I-specific inhibitory receptors which allow discrimination between HLA-I+, healthy cells and tumor or virus-infected cells displaying loss or substantial alterations of HLA-I molecules, including allelic losses that are sensed by KIRs. A number of non-HLA-specific receptors have been identified which recognize cell surface or extracellular matrix ligands and may contribute to the physiologic control of immune responses and tolerance. Among these receptors, Siglec 7 (p75/AIRM-1), LAIR-1 and IRp60, recognize ligands including sialic acids, extracellular matrix/collagen or aminophospholipids, respectively. These ligands may be expressed at the surface of tumor cells, thus inhibiting NK cell function. Expression of the PD-1 checkpoint by NK cells requires particular cytokines (IL-15, IL-12, IL-18) together with cortisol, a combination that may occur in the microenvironment of different tumors. Blocking of single or combinations of inhibitory receptors unleashes NK cells and restore their anti-tumor activity, with obvious implications for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Sivori
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariella Della Chiesa
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Carlomagno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,UOC Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Pende
- UOC Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
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28
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Movsisyan LD, Macauley MS. Structural advances of Siglecs: insight into synthetic glycan ligands for immunomodulation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5784-5797. [PMID: 32756649 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are transmembrane proteins of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily predominantly expressed on the cells of our immune system. Siglecs recognize sialic acid via their terminal V-set domain. In mammals, sialic acid-terminated glycolipids and glycoproteins are the ligands of Siglecs, and the monomeric affinity of Siglecs for their sialic acid-containing ligands is weak. Significant efforts have been devoted toward the development of chemically modified sialoside ligands to target Siglecs with higher affinity and selectivity. In this review we discuss natural and synthetic sialoside ligands for each human Siglec, emphasizing the ligand binding determinants uncovered from recent advances in protein structural information. Potential therapeutic applications of these ligands are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon D Movsisyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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29
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Discovery of a new sialic acid binding region that regulates Siglec-7. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8647. [PMID: 32457377 PMCID: PMC7250851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Siglec-7 is a human CD33-like siglec, and is localised predominantly on human natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes. Siglec-7 is considered to function as an immunoreceptor in a sialic acid-dependent manner. However, the underlying mechanisms linking sialic acid-binding and function remain unknown. Here, to gain new insights into the ligand-binding properties of Siglec-7, we carried out in silico analysis and site-directed mutagenesis, and found a new sialic acid-binding region (site 2 containing R67) in addition to the well-known primary ligand-binding region (site 1 containing R124). This was supported by equilibrium dialysis, STD-NMR experiments, and inhibition analysis of GD3-binding toward Siglec-7 using synthetic sialoglycoconjugates and a comprehensive set of ganglioside-based glycoconjugates. Our results suggest that the two ligand-binding sites are potentially controlled by each other due to the flexible conformation of the C-C′ loop of Siglec-7.
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30
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Meril S, Harush O, Reboh Y, Matikhina T, Barliya T, Cohen CJ. Targeting glycosylated antigens on cancer cells using siglec‐7/9‐based CAR T‐cells. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:713-723. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.23213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Meril
- Division of Molecular, Cellular and Medical BiologyThe Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar‐Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Ortal Harush
- Division of Molecular, Cellular and Medical BiologyThe Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar‐Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Yishai Reboh
- Division of Molecular, Cellular and Medical BiologyThe Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar‐Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Tatyana Matikhina
- Division of Molecular, Cellular and Medical BiologyThe Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar‐Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Tilda Barliya
- Division of Molecular, Cellular and Medical BiologyThe Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar‐Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Cyrille J. Cohen
- Division of Molecular, Cellular and Medical BiologyThe Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar‐Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
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31
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Meza Guzman LG, Keating N, Nicholson SE. Natural Killer Cells: Tumor Surveillance and Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040952. [PMID: 32290478 PMCID: PMC7226588 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role in cancer immunotherapy due to their innate ability to detect and kill tumorigenic cells. The decision to kill is determined by the expression of a myriad of activating and inhibitory receptors on the NK cell surface. Cell-to-cell engagement results in either self-tolerance or a cytotoxic response, governed by a fine balance between the signaling cascades downstream of the activating and inhibitory receptors. To evade a cytotoxic immune response, tumor cells can modulate the surface expression of receptor ligands and additionally, alter the conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tilting the scales toward a suppressed cytotoxic NK response. To fully harness the killing power of NK cells for clinical benefit, we need to understand what defines the threshold for activation and what is required to break tolerance. This review will focus on the intracellular signaling pathways activated or suppressed in NK cells and the roles signaling intermediates play during an NK cytotoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth G. Meza Guzman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.G.M.G.); (S.E.N.); Tel.: +61-9345-2555 (S.E.N.)
| | - Narelle Keating
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Nicholson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.G.M.G.); (S.E.N.); Tel.: +61-9345-2555 (S.E.N.)
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32
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The Roles of Siglec7 and Siglec9 on Natural Killer Cells in Virus Infection and Tumour Progression. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:6243819. [PMID: 32322597 PMCID: PMC7165337 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6243819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of natural killer (NK) cells, defending against virus infection and tumour progression, is regulated by multiple activating and inhibiting receptors expressed on NK cells, among which sialic acid-bind immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) act as a vital inhibitory group. Previous studies have shown that Siglec7 and Siglec9 are expressed on NK cells, which negatively regulate the function of NK cells and modulate the immune response through the interaction of sialic acid-containing ligands. Siglec7 and Siglec9 are very similar in distribution, gene encoding, protein sequences, ligand affinity, and functions in regulating the immune system against virus and cancers, but differences still exist between them. In this review, we aim to discuss the similarities and differences between Siglec7 and Siglec9 and analyze their functions in virus infection and tumour progression in order to develop better anti-viral and anti-tumor immunotherapy in the future.
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33
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Läubli H, Varki A. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) detect self-associated molecular patterns to regulate immune responses. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:593-605. [PMID: 31485715 PMCID: PMC7942692 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian immune system evolved to tightly regulate the elimination of pathogenic microbes and neoplastic transformed cells while tolerating our own healthy cells. Here, we summarize experimental evidence for the role of Siglecs-in particular CD33-related Siglecs-as self-receptors and their sialoglycan ligands in regulating this balance between recognition of self and non-self. Sialoglycans are found in the glycocalyx and extracellular fluids and matrices of all mammalian cells and can be considered as self-associated molecular patterns (SAMPs). We also provide an overview of the known interactions of Siglec receptors and sialoglycan-SAMPs. Manipulation of the Siglec-SAMP axis offers new therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases and also cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Läubli
- Laboratory for Cancer Immunotherapy, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Ajit Varki
- Department of Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0687, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0687, USA.
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Daly J, Carlsten M, O'Dwyer M. Sugar Free: Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches Targeting Siglecs and Sialic Acids to Enhance Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1047. [PMID: 31143186 PMCID: PMC6521797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a key role in the immune system, targeting and destroying invading pathogens and malignantly transformed cells. Evading NK cell-mediated immunosurveillance is therefore critical to facilitating cancer cell survival and metastasis. Signals from a range of inhibitory and activating receptors located on the NK cell surface regulate NK cell cytotoxicity. Recently, attention has turned to the role of hypersialylated tumor cell surfaces in mediating immune-evasion of NK cells. Two inhibitory sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) receptors are expressed by NK cells: Siglec-7 and Siglec-9. The abundance of sialic acids on tumor cell surface is hypothesized to regulate NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity by interacting with Siglec-7 and Siglec-9, causing a dampening of NK cell activation pathways. Targeting Siglec-7 and Siglec-9, or the sialic acid coated tumor cell surface is therefore being investigated as a novel therapeutic approach to enhance the NK cell response against cancer. In this review we report on the currently published documentation of the role for Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 receptors on NK cells and their ligands expressed by tumor cells. We also discuss the strategies currently explored to target Siglec-7, Siglec-9 and the sialylated tumor cell surface as well as the impact abrogation of these interactions have on NK cell cytotoxicity against several cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Daly
- Department of Hematology, Biomedical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mattias Carlsten
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Center for Haematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael O'Dwyer
- Department of Hematology, Biomedical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Chaudhary PM, Toraskar S, Yadav R, Hande A, Yellin R, Kikkeri R. Multivalent Sialosides: A Tool to Explore the Role of Sialic Acids in Biological Processes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1344-1355. [PMID: 30839167 PMCID: PMC7159662 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids (Sias) are fascinating nine-carbon monosaccharides that are primarily found on the terminus of the oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids on cell surfaces. These Sias undergo a variety of structural modifications at their hydroxy and amine positions, thereby resulting in structural diversity and, hence, coordinating a variety of biological processes. However, deciphering the structural functions of such interactions is highly challenging, because the monovalent binding of Sias is extremely weak. Over the last decade, several multivalent Sia ligands have been synthesized to modulate their binding affinity with proteins/lectins. In this Minireview, we highlight recent developments in the synthesis of multivalent Sia probes and their potential applications. We will discuss four key multivalent families, that is, polymers, dendrimers, liposomes, and nanoparticles, and will emphasize the major parameters that are essential for the specific interactions of these molecules with proteins in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Madhukar Chaudhary
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Suraj Toraskar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Rohan Yadav
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Akshay Hande
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Rina‐Arad Yellin
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology241 Daxue RoadShantouGuangdong515063P. R. China
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
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36
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Biassoni R, Malnati MS. Human Natural Killer Receptors, Co-Receptors, and Their Ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 121:e47. [PMID: 30040219 DOI: 10.1002/cpim.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20 years, the study of human natural killer (NK) cells has moved from the first molecular characterizations of very few receptor molecules to the identification of a plethora of receptors displaying surprisingly divergent functions. We have contributed to the description of inhibitory receptors and their signaling pathways, important in fine regulation in many cell types, but unknown until their discovery in the NK cells. Inhibitory function is central to regulating NK-mediated cytolysis, with different molecular structures evolving during speciation to assure its persistence. More recently, it has become possible to characterize the NK triggering receptors mediating natural cytotoxicity, unveiling the existence of a network of cellular interactions between effectors of both natural and adaptive immunity. This unit reviews the contemporary history of molecular studies of receptors and ligands involved in NK cell function, characterizing the ligands of the triggering receptor and the mechanisms for finely regulating their expression in pathogen-infected or tumor cells. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Biassoni
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Genova, Italy
| | - Mauro S Malnati
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Unit of Human Virology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Milan, Italy
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Substrate-bound outward-open structure of a Na +-coupled sialic acid symporter reveals a new Na + site. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1753. [PMID: 29717135 PMCID: PMC5931594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many pathogenic bacteria utilise sialic acids as an energy source or use them as an external coating to evade immune detection. As such, bacteria that colonise sialylated environments deploy specific transporters to mediate import of scavenged sialic acids. Here, we report a substrate-bound 1.95 Å resolution structure and subsequent characterisation of SiaT, a sialic acid transporter from Proteus mirabilis. SiaT is a secondary active transporter of the sodium solute symporter (SSS) family, which use Na+ gradients to drive the uptake of extracellular substrates. SiaT adopts the LeuT-fold and is in an outward-open conformation in complex with the sialic acid N-acetylneuraminic acid and two Na+ ions. One Na+ binds to the conserved Na2 site, while the second Na+ binds to a new position, termed Na3, which is conserved in many SSS family members. Functional and molecular dynamics studies validate the substrate-binding site and demonstrate that both Na+ sites regulate N-acetylneuraminic acid transport.
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38
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Triantis V, Bode L, van Neerven RJJ. Immunological Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:190. [PMID: 30013961 PMCID: PMC6036705 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) comprise a group of structurally complex, unconjugated glycans that are highly abundant in human milk. HMOs are minimally digested in the gastrointestinal tract and reach the colon intact, where they shape the microbiota. A small fraction of HMOs is absorbed, reaches the systemic circulation, and is excreted in urine. HMOs can bind to cell surface receptors expressed on epithelial cells and cells of the immune system and thus modulate neonatal immunity in the infant gut, and possibly also sites throughout the body. In addition, they have been shown to act as soluble decoy receptors to block the attachment of various microbial pathogens to cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the effects HMOs can have on infections, allergies, auto-immune diseases and inflammation, and will focus on the role of HMOs in altering immune responses through binding to immune-related receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Bode
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - R J Joost van Neerven
- FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands.,Wageningen University and Research, Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen, Netherlands
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39
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Ereño-Orbea J, Sicard T, Cui H, Mazhab-Jafari MT, Benlekbir S, Guarné A, Rubinstein JL, Julien JP. Molecular basis of human CD22 function and therapeutic targeting. Nat Commun 2017; 8:764. [PMID: 28970495 PMCID: PMC5624926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00836-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD22 maintains a baseline level of B-cell inhibition to keep humoral immunity in check. As a B-cell-restricted antigen, CD22 is targeted in therapies against dysregulated B cells that cause autoimmune diseases and blood cancers. Here we report the crystal structure of human CD22 at 2.1 Å resolution, which reveals that specificity for α2-6 sialic acid ligands is dictated by a pre-formed β-hairpin as a unique mode of recognition across sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins. The CD22 ectodomain adopts an extended conformation that facilitates concomitant CD22 nanocluster formation on B cells and binding to trans ligands to avert autoimmunity in mammals. We structurally delineate the CD22 site targeted by the therapeutic antibody epratuzumab at 3.1 Å resolution and determine a critical role for CD22 N-linked glycosylation in antibody engagement. Our studies provide molecular insights into mechanisms governing B-cell inhibition and valuable clues for the design of immune modulators in B-cell dysfunction.The B-cell-specific co-receptor CD22 is a therapeutic target for depleting dysregulated B cells. Here the authors structurally characterize the ectodomain of CD22 and present its crystal structure with the bound therapeutic antibody epratuzumab, which gives insights into the mechanism of inhibition of B-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Ereño-Orbea
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Taylor Sicard
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Hong Cui
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Mohammad T Mazhab-Jafari
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Samir Benlekbir
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Alba Guarné
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4L8
| | - John L Rubinstein
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 1L7
| | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.
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40
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Yamaguchi S, Yoshimura A, Yasuda Y, Mori A, Tanaka H, Takahashi T, Kitajima K, Sato C. Chemical Synthesis and Evaluation of a Disialic Acid-Containing Dextran Polymer as an Inhibitor for the Interaction between Siglec 7 and Its Ligand. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1194-1203. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H-101 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshimura
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center; Nagoya University; Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Yu Yasuda
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center; Nagoya University; Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Airi Mori
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center; Nagoya University; Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1-H-101 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy; 601 Matano-chou Totsuka-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 245-0066 Japan
| | - Ken Kitajima
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center; Nagoya University; Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Chihiro Sato
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center; Nagoya University; Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
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41
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Shao JY, Yin WW, Zhang QF, Liu Q, Peng ML, Hu HD, Hu P, Ren H, Zhang DZ. Siglec-7 Defines a Highly Functional Natural Killer Cell Subset and Inhibits Cell-Mediated Activities. Scand J Immunol 2017; 84:182-90. [PMID: 27312286 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-7 (Siglec-7) is an inhibitory receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells. In this study, we investigated the relationship between Siglec-7 expression and NK cell functions. Siglec-7 was highly expressed on NK cells and was preferentially expressed by mature NK cells from peripheral blood of healthy adults. Siglec-7(+) NK cells displayed higher levels of activating receptors CD38, CD16, DNAM1, NKp30 and NKp46, but lower levels of inhibitory receptors such as NKG2A and CD158b, compared with Siglec-7(-) NK cells. Functional tests showed that Siglec-7(+) NK cells displayed more CD107a degranulation and IFN-γ production than Siglec-7(-) NK cells. Siglec-7 inhibited NK cell functions when interacting with specific antibodies. These data suggest that Siglec-7 defines a highly functional NK cell subset and suppresses NK cell-mediated functions when cross-linked with specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Shao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - W-W Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Q-F Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Q Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - M-L Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - H-D Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - P Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - H Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - D-Z Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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42
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Prescher H, Frank M, Gütgemann S, Kuhfeldt E, Schweizer A, Nitschke L, Watzl C, Brossmer R. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Small, High-Affinity Siglec-7 Ligands: Toward Novel Inhibitors of Cancer Immune Evasion. J Med Chem 2017; 60:941-956. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Frank
- Molecular
Structure Analysis Core Facility-W160, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Astrid Schweizer
- Division
of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lars Nitschke
- Division
of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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43
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Pronker MF, Lemstra S, Snijder J, Heck AJR, Thies-Weesie DME, Pasterkamp RJ, Janssen BJC. Structural basis of myelin-associated glycoprotein adhesion and signalling. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13584. [PMID: 27922006 PMCID: PMC5150538 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is a myelin-expressed cell-adhesion and bi-directional signalling molecule. MAG maintains the myelin–axon spacing by interacting with specific neuronal glycolipids (gangliosides), inhibits axon regeneration and controls myelin formation. The mechanisms underlying MAG adhesion and signalling are unresolved. We present crystal structures of the MAG full ectodomain, which reveal an extended conformation of five Ig domains and a homodimeric arrangement involving membrane-proximal domains Ig4 and Ig5. MAG-oligosaccharide complex structures and biophysical assays show how MAG engages axonal gangliosides at domain Ig1. Two post-translational modifications were identified—N-linked glycosylation at the dimerization interface and tryptophan C-mannosylation proximal to the ganglioside binding site—that appear to have regulatory functions. Structure-guided mutations and neurite outgrowth assays demonstrate MAG dimerization and carbohydrate recognition are essential for its regeneration-inhibiting properties. The combination of trans ganglioside binding and cis homodimerization explains how MAG maintains the myelin–axon spacing and provides a mechanism for MAG-mediated bi-directional signalling. Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) maintains myelin-axon spacing. Here, the authors report the crystal structures of the MAG full ectodomain in complex with oligosaccharide, and use additional assays to provide insights into the mechanism of MAG-mediated signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti F Pronker
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Lemstra
- Department for Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Snijder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique M E Thies-Weesie
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute of Nanomaterials Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department for Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert J C Janssen
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Loukachevitch LV, Bensing BA, Yu H, Zeng J, Chen X, Sullam PM, Iverson TM. Structures of the Streptococcus sanguinis SrpA Binding Region with Human Sialoglycans Suggest Features of the Physiological Ligand. Biochemistry 2016; 55:5927-5937. [PMID: 27685666 PMCID: PMC5388602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus sanguinis is a leading cause of bacterial infective endocarditis, a life-threatening infection of heart valves. S. sanguinis binds to human platelets with high avidity, and this adherence is likely to enhance virulence. Previous studies suggest that a serine-rich repeat adhesin termed SrpA mediates the binding of S. sanguinis to human platelets via its interaction with sialoglycans on the receptor GPIbα. However, in vitro binding assays with SrpA and defined sialoglycans failed to identify specific high-affinity ligands. To improve our understanding of the interaction between SrpA and human platelets, we determined cocrystal structures of the SrpA sialoglycan binding region (SrpABR) with five low-affinity ligands: three sialylated trisaccharides (sialyl-T antigen, 3'-sialyllactose, and 3'-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine), a sialylated tetrasaccharide (sialyl-LewisX), and a sialyl galactose disaccharide component common to these sialoglyans. We then combined structural analysis with mutagenesis to further determine whether our observed interactions between SrpABR and glycans are important for binding to platelets and to better map the binding site for the physiological receptor. We found that the sialoglycan binding site of SrpABR is significantly larger than the sialoglycans cocrystallized in this study, which suggests that binding of SrpA to platelets either is multivalent or occurs via a larger, disialylated glycan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara A. Bensing
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco and the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA,School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paul M. Sullam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco and the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
| | - T M Iverson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA,Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA,Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA,Corresponding Author To whom correspondence should be addressed:
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45
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Liu C, Jiang S, Wang M, Wang L, Chen H, Xu J, Lv Z, Song L. A novel siglec (CgSiglec-1) from the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) with broad recognition spectrum and inhibitory activity to apoptosis, phagocytosis and cytokine release. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 61:136-144. [PMID: 27032602 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acid binding immunoglobulin-type lectin (siglec) belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), which acts as regulator involved in glycan recognition and signal transduction in the immune and nervous systems. In the present study, a siglec gene (designated CgSiglec-1) was characterized from the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The cDNA of CgSiglec-1 was of 1251 bp encoding a predicted polypeptide of 416 amino acids. CgSiglec-1 was composed of two I-set immunoglobulin (Ig) domains, one transmembrane (TM) domain and two ITIM motifs, sharing a sequence similarity with vertebrate CD22 homologs. The mRNA expression of CgSiglec-1 could be detected in all the selected tissues, with the highest level in hemocytes and labial palps. The confocal analysis revealed that CgSiglec-1 mainly distributed on the cytoplasmic membrane of the oyster hemocytes. In addition, the mRNA transcripts of CgSiglec-1 in hemocytes increased significantly (4.29-fold to that of control group, p < 0.05) after Vibrio splendidus stimulation. The recombinant CgSiglec-1 protein (rCgSiglec-1) could bind to poly sialic acid (pSIAS), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) in a dose-dependent manner. The blockade of CgSiglec-1 by specific polyclonal antibodies could enhance the LPS-induced cell apoptosis, phagocytosis towards V. splendidus and the release of cytokines, such as CgTNF-1, CgIFNLP and CgIL-17. The results collectively indicated that CgSiglec-1 could act as a bridge molecule between invader recognition and signal transduction cascade, and modulate the immune response by inhibiting various important processes of immunity in oyster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiachao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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46
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Structural basis for sulfation-dependent self-glycan recognition by the human immune-inhibitory receptor Siglec-8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E4170-9. [PMID: 27357658 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1602214113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Siglec-8 is a human immune-inhibitory receptor that, when engaged by specific self-glycans, triggers eosinophil apoptosis and inhibits mast cell degranulation, providing an endogenous mechanism to down-regulate immune responses of these central inflammatory effector cells. Here we used solution NMR spectroscopy to dissect the fine specificity of Siglec-8 toward different sialylated and sulfated carbohydrate ligands and determined the structure of the Siglec-8 lectin domain in complex with its prime glycan target 6'-sulfo sialyl Lewis(x) A canonical motif for sialic acid recognition, extended by a secondary motif formed by unique loop regions, recognizing 6-O-sulfated galactose dictates tight specificity distinct from other Siglec family members and any other endogenous glycan recognition receptors. Structure-guided mutagenesis revealed key contacts of both interfaces to be equally essential for binding. Our work provides critical structural and mechanistic insights into how Siglec-8 selectively recognizes its glycan target, rationalizes the functional impact of site-specific glycan sulfation in modulating this lectin-glycan interaction, and will enable the rational design of Siglec-8-targeted agonists to treat eosinophil- and mast cell-related allergic and inflammatory diseases, such as asthma.
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Bensing BA, Khedri Z, Deng L, Yu H, Prakobphol A, Fisher SJ, Chen X, Iverson TM, Varki A, Sullam PM. Novel aspects of sialoglycan recognition by the Siglec-like domains of streptococcal SRR glycoproteins. Glycobiology 2016; 26:1222-1234. [PMID: 27037304 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine-rich repeat glycoproteins are adhesins expressed by commensal and pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria. A subset of these adhesins, expressed by oral streptococci, binds sialylated glycans decorating human salivary mucin MG2/MUC7, and platelet glycoprotein GPIb. Specific sialoglycan targets were previously identified for the ligand-binding regions (BRs) of GspB and Hsa, two serine-rich repeat glycoproteins expressed by Streptococcus gordonii While GspB selectively binds sialyl-T antigen, Hsa displays broader specificity. Here we examine the binding properties of four additional BRs from Streptococcus sanguinis or Streptococcus mitis and characterize the molecular determinants of ligand selectivity and affinity. Each BR has two domains that are essential for sialoglycan binding by GspB. One domain is structurally similar to the glycan-binding module of mammalian Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins), including an arginine residue that is critical for glycan recognition, and that resides within a novel, conserved YTRY motif. Despite low sequence similarity to GspB, one of the BRs selectively binds sialyl-T antigen. Although the other three BRs are highly similar to Hsa, each displayed a unique ligand repertoire, including differential recognition of sialyl Lewis antigens and sulfated glycans. These differences in glycan selectivity were closely associated with differential binding to salivary and platelet glycoproteins. Specificity of sialoglycan adherence is likely an evolving trait that may influence the propensity of streptococci expressing Siglec-like adhesins to cause infective endocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Bensing
- Department of Medicine, The San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Zahra Khedri
- The Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lingquan Deng
- The Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Akraporn Prakobphol
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Susan J Fisher
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tina M Iverson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 27232, USA
| | - Ajit Varki
- The Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Paul M Sullam
- Department of Medicine, The San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
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Preparation of legionaminic acid analogs of sialo-glycoconjugates by means of mammalian sialyltransferases. Glycoconj J 2015; 32:729-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Suenaga T, Matsumoto M, Arisawa F, Kohyama M, Hirayasu K, Mori Y, Arase H. Sialic Acids on Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein B Are Required for Cell-Cell Fusion. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:19833-43. [PMID: 26105052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.635508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a member of the human Herpesvirus family that causes varicella (chicken pox) and zoster (shingles). VZV latently infects sensory ganglia and is also responsible for encephalomyelitis. Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a member of the sialic acid (SA)-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin family, is mainly expressed in neural tissues. VZV glycoprotein B (gB) associates with MAG and mediates membrane fusion during VZV entry into host cells. The SA requirements of MAG when associating with its ligands vary depending on the specific ligand, but it is unclear whether the SAs on gB are involved in the association with MAG. In this study, we found that SAs on gB are essential for the association with MAG as well as for membrane fusion during VZV infection. MAG with a point mutation in the SA-binding site did not bind to gB and did not mediate cell-cell fusion or VZV entry. Cell-cell fusion and VZV entry mediated by the gB-MAG interaction were blocked by sialidase treatment. N-glycosylation or O-glycosylation inhibitors also inhibited the fusion and entry mediated by gB-MAG interaction. Furthermore, gB with mutations in N-glycosylation sites, i.e. asparagine residues 557 and 686, did not associate with MAG, and the cell-cell fusion efficiency was low. Fusion between the viral envelope and cellular membrane is essential for host cell entry by herpesviruses. Therefore, these results suggest that SAs on gB play important roles in MAG-mediated VZV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Suenaga
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Maki Matsumoto
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Fuminori Arisawa
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and
| | - Masako Kohyama
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Kouyuki Hirayasu
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - Yasuko Mori
- the Division of Clinical Virology, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hisashi Arase
- From the Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and Laboratory of Immunochemistry, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
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Pröpster JM, Yang F, Ernst B, Allain FHT, Schubert M. Functional Siglec lectin domains from soluble expression in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 109:14-22. [PMID: 25623398 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are a family of mammalian cell-surface receptors that are involved in cell-cell interactions and signaling functions, primarily expressed on cells of the immune system. Key to their function is their specific binding of distinct sialylated glycan ligands mediated via an N-terminal carbohydrate recognition (lectin) domain. Studies concerning the molecular basis of their individual carbohydrate specificities are rare due to the absence of suitable recombinant expression methods for producing these disulfide-containing proteins in sufficient quantities required for their in-depth in vitro characterization. We established an efficient E. coli-based expression and purification method for Siglec lectin domains, utilizing the trxB gor suppressor strain Rosetta-gami B (DE3) in which proper folding with intact disulfide bonds was achieved in the cytoplasm. The approach is demonstrated for human Siglec-7, -8 and -9 lectin domains and works equally well for expression in nutrient-rich (LB) or minimal growth medium, allowing stable-isotope labeling for NMR studies. The recombinant proteins were properly folded as proven by 2D (1)H-(15)N HSQC NMR spectroscopy and by thermal unfolding followed by CD spectroscopy, and functionally active as confirmed by monitoring ligand binding using NMR titration experiments. Our method enables efficient production of homogeneous and active protein samples in milligram quantities. Its implementation will significantly enhance future structure-function studies of this important class of immune-modulating receptors and will support a variety of applications including screening for natural and synthetic ligands or the development of fluorescently-labeled molecular tools for glycan ligand detection or flow-cytometric cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M Pröpster
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, CA 90095, USA(1)
| | - Beat Ernst
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric H-T Allain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Mario Schubert
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria(1).
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