1
|
Liu W, Du L, Cui Y, He C, He Z. WNT5A regulates the proliferation, apoptosis and stemness of human stem Leydig cells via the β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:93. [PMID: 38367191 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Stem Leydig cells (SLCs) are essential for maintaining normal spermatogenesis as the significant component of testis microenvironment and gonadal aging. Although progress has been achieved in the regulation of male germ cells in mammals and humans, it remains unknown about the genes and signaling pathways of human SLCs. Here we have demonstrated, for the first time, that WNT5A (Wnt family member 5a) mediates the proliferation, apoptosis, and stemness of human SLCs, namely NGFR+ Leydig cells. We revealed that NGFR+ Leydig cells expressed NGFR, PDGFRA, NES, NR2F2, and THY1, hallmarks for SLCs. RNA-sequencing showed that WNT5A was expressed at a higher level in human SLCs than non-SLCs, while immunohistochemistry and Western blots further illustrated that WNT5A was predominantly expressed in human SLCs. Notably, CCK-8, EdU and Western blots displayed that WNT5A enhanced the proliferation and DNA synthesis and retained stemness of human SLCs, whereas flow cytometry and TUNEL analyses demonstrated that WNT5A inhibited the apoptosis of these cells. WNT5A knockdown caused an increase in LC lineage differentiation of human SLCs and reversed the effect of WNT5A overexpression on fate decisions of human SLCs. In addition, WNT5A silencing resulted in the decreases in nuclear translocation of β-catenin and expression levels of c-Myc, CD44, and Cyclin D1. Collectively, these results implicate that WNT5A regulates the proliferation, apoptosis and stemness of human SLCs through the activation of the β-catenin signaling pathway. This study thus provides a novel molecular mechanism underlying the fate determinations of human SLCs, and it offers a new insight into the niche regulation of human testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Du
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yinghong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Caimei He
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zuping He
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiao SQ, Cheng M, Wang L, Cao J, Fang L, Zhou XP, He XJ, Hu YF. The role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2023:10.1007/s00264-023-05847-1. [PMID: 37294429 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-05847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Apoptosis is an important physiological process, making a great difference to development and tissue homeostasis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage and bone hyperplasia. This purpose of this study is to provide an updated review of the role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature on osteoarthritis and apoptosis was performed, which mainly focused on the regulatory factors and signaling pathways associated with chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis and other pathogenic mechanisms involved in chondrocyte apoptosis. RESULTS Inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Fas are closely related to chondrocyte apoptosis. NF-κB signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and Notch signaling pathway activate proteins and gene targets that promote or inhibit the progression of osteoarthritis disease, including chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (microRNAs) have gradually replaced single and localized research methods and become the main research approaches. In addition, the relationship between cellular senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis was also briefly explained. CONCLUSION This review offers a better molecular delineation of apoptotic processes that may help in designing new therapeutic options for OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Miao Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xue-Ping Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Jin He
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Hu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choi SH, Lee K, Han H, Mo H, Jung H, Ryu Y, Nam Y, Rim YA, Ju JH. Prochondrogenic effect of decellularized extracellular matrix secreted from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived chondrocytes. Acta Biomater 2023:S1742-7061(23)00317-3. [PMID: 37295627 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage is mainly composed of chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix (ECM), which exchange important biochemical and biomechanical signals necessary for differentiation and homeostasis. Human articular cartilage has a low ability for regeneration because it lacks blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels. Currently, cell therapeutics, including stem cells, provide a promising strategy for cartilage regeneration and treatment; however, there are various hurdles to overcome, such as immune rejection and teratoma formation. In this study, we assessed the applicability of the stem cell-derived chondrocyte ECM for cartilage regeneration. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived chondrocytes (iChondrocytes) were differentiated, and decellularized ECM (dECM) was successfully isolated from cultured chondrocytes. Isolated dECM enhanced in vitro chondrogenesis of iPSCs when recellularized. Implanted dECM also restored osteochondral defects in a rat osteoarthritis model. A possible association with the glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) pathway demonstrated the fate-determining importance of dECM in regulating cell differentiation. Collectively, we suggested the prochondrogenic effect of hiPSC-derived cartilage-like dECM and offered a promising approach as a non-cellular therapeutic for articular cartilage reconstruction without cell transplantation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Human articular cartilage has low ability for regeneration and cell culture-based therapeutics could aid cartilage regeneration. Yet, the applicability of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived chondrocyte (iChondrocyte) extracellular matrix (ECM) has not been elucidated. Therefore, we first differentiated iChondrocytes and isolated the secreted ECM by decellularization. Recellularization was performed to confirm the pro-chondrogenic effect of the decellularized ECM (dECM). In addition, we confirmed the possibility of cartilage repair by transplanting the dECM into the cartilage defect in osteochondral defect rat knee joint. We believe that our proof-of-concept study will serve as a basis for investigating the potential of dECM obtained from iPSC-derived differentiated cells as a non-cellular resource for tissue regeneration and other future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Hwa Choi
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | | | - Heeju Han
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Hyunkyung Mo
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | | | - YoungWoo Ryu
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | | | - Yeri Alice Rim
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea.
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea; YiPSCELL, Inc., Seoul, South Korea; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Scott KM, Cohen DJ, Boyan BD, Schwartz Z. miR-122 and the WNT/β-catenin pathway inhibit effects of both interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in articular chondrocytes in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1053-1063. [PMID: 35362116 PMCID: PMC9320820 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and WNT/β-catenin signaling cause dysregulation of rat primary articular chondrocytes (rArCs), resulting in cartilage extracellular matrix destruction and osteoarthritis (OA) progression. microRNA (miR) miR-122 represses these effects whereas miR-451 exacerbates IL-1β-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. The goals of this study were to evaluate crosstalk between these signaling pathways and determine if miR-122 and miR-451 exert their protective/destructive effects through these pathways in an in vitro model of OA. Primary rArCs were treated with IL-1β or TNF-α for 24 h and total DNA, MMP-13, and PGE2, as well as expression levels of miR-122 and miR-451 were measured. After 24-h transfection with miR-122, miR-451, miR-122-inhibitor, or miR-451-inhibitor, rArCs were treated with or without TNF-α for 24 h; total DNA, MMP-13, and PGE2 were measured. Similarly, cells were treated with WNT-agonist lithium chloride (LiCl), WNT-antagonist XAV-939 (XAV), or PKF-118-310 (PKF) with and without IL-1β or TNF-α stimulation. Both IL-1β and TNF-α-stimulation increased MMP-13 and PGE2 production. Transfection with miR-122 prevented TNF-α-stimulated increases in MMP-13 and PGE2 whereas transfection with miR-451 did not change these levels. No differences were found in MMP-13 or PGE2 production with miR-122 or miR-451 inhibitors. LiCl treatment decreased PGE2 production in cultures treated with TNF-α, but not MMP-13. XAV increased TNF-α-stimulated increases in PGE2 but not MMP-13. LiCl reduced IL-1β-stimulated increases in MMP-13 and PGE2. XAV and PKF increased IL-1β-stimulated increases in MMP-13 and PGE2. In this in vitro OA model, miR-122 protects against both IL-1β and TNF-α stimulated increases in MMP-13 and PGE2 production. miR-451 does not act through the TNF-α pathway. The WNT/β-catenin pathway regulates the effects of IL-1β and TNF-α stimulation. This study suggests that miR-122 can be used as a treatment or prevention for OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla M Scott
- College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - D Joshua Cohen
- College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Barbara D Boyan
- College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luo S, Li W, Wu W, Shi Q. Next-Generation Sequencing of Circular RNAs Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms of Chondrogenic Differentiation in Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:443-455. [PMID: 35257277 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells are one of the potential sources of cells for the treatment of cartilage defects. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms that account for the chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). We employed integrin β1 (ITGB1) overexpression to induce chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Next-generation sequencing was used to determine the mRNAs and circular RNAs (circRNAs) expression profiles in ITGB1-overexpresing and negative control cells. The potential functions of differentially expressed mRNAs were analyzed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. Moreover, differentially expressed circRNAs with the greatest fold change were validated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These three circRNAs and their downstream microRNAs and mRNAs were used to construct a circRNA-microRNA-mRNA interaction network. The results showed that we identified 713 differentially expressed circRNAs (150 upregulated and 563 downregulated in ITGB1-overexpressing hADSCs versus negative control cells, respectively). Meanwhile, 2383 mRNAs were differentially expressed between two groups (1672 upregulated and 711 downregulated in ITGB1-overexpressing cells compared with the negative control cells). The GO and KEGG analysis results showed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, especially in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Three differentially expressed circRNAs, including hsa_circ_0071127, hsa_circ_0008637, and hsa_circ_0020028, were validated by qRT-PCR. Moreover, the circRNA-microRNA-mRNA network predicted that fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) was a common node regulated by these three circRNAs through several microRNAs, including miR-195-3p, miR-205-3p, and miR-152-3p. We further found that the knockdown of hsa_circ_0020028, but not the two other circRNAs, significantly reduced FGF2 mRNA expression in hADSCs. Furthermore, the knockdown of hsa_circ_0020028 significantly inhibited the protein expression of FGF2, chondrogenic differentiation markers (COL II, aggrecan, and SOX9), and PI3K/AKT signaling in ITGB1-overexpressing hADSCs. This study uncovered the differentially expressed mRNA and circRNA profiles in the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs induced by ITGB1 overexpression. Our findings demonstrate that hsa_circ_0020028 regulates the ITGB1 overexpression-mediated chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs through regulation of FGF2-related signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Luo
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Chaoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Chaozhou, 515700, China
| | - Wuji Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wenrui Wu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiping Shi
- Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang B, Ji D, Xing W, Li F, Huang Z, Zheng W, Xue J, Zhu Y, Yang X. miR-142-3p and HMGB1 Are Negatively Regulated in Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, and Autophagy of Cartilage Endplate Cells. Cartilage 2021; 13:592S-603S. [PMID: 33955243 PMCID: PMC8804737 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211012444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cartilage endplate (CEP) degeneration plays a vital role in the pathological process of intervertebral disc degeneration. It has been previously reported that microRNAs may participate in the occurrence and development of intervertebral disc degeneration through regulating its target genes directly. The regulatory roles of miR-142-3p/HMGB1 in some orthopedic diseases have been determined successively, but there was no report about the degeneration of CEP. Therefore, we aimed to determine the regulation of miR-142-3p/HMGB1 or potential molecular mechanisms on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and autophagy of CEP cells. METHODS The target gene of miR-142-3p was determined by double luciferase assay. We selected ATDC5 cell lines. CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine gene expression levels, and western blot analysis was used to determine protein expression levels. We chose flow cytometry to measure cell apoptosis and cell cycle. RESULTS The result of luciferase detection showed that the target gene of miR-142-3p in CEP cells was HMGB1. Knockdown of the miR-142-3p inhibited the expression level of HMGB1, the proliferation and migration of CEP cells, but it promoted apoptosis of CEP cells. In addition, the detection results of the proteins related to apoptosis or autophagy showed that knockdown of miR-142-3p promoted apoptosis and autophagy. CONCLUSION The negative regulation of miR-142-3p/HMGB1 can affect the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and autophagy of CEP cells. Our results provide a new idea for the targeted treatment of CEP degeneration by inhibiting the expression of HMGB1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- School of Graduate, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Demin Ji
- School of Graduate, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenhua Xing
- Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Feng Li
- Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenkai Zheng
- Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianmin Xue
- School of Graduate, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alicea-Delgado M, García-Arrarás JE. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation but not muscle dedifferentiation nor apoptosis during sea cucumber intestinal regeneration. Dev Biol 2021; 480:105-113. [PMID: 34481794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration is a key developmental process by which organisms recover vital tissue and organ components following injury or disease. A growing interest is focused on the elucidation and characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in these regenerative processes. We have now analyzed the possible role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway on the regeneration of the intestine in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. For this we have studied the expression in vivo of Wnt-associated genes and have implemented the use of Dicer-substrate interference RNA (DsiRNA) to knockdown the expression of β-catenin transcript on gut rudiment explants. Neither cell dedifferentiation nor apoptosis were affected by the reduction of β-catenin transcripts in the gut rudiment explants. Yet, the number of proliferating cells decreased significantly following the interference, suggesting that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a significant role in cell proliferation, but not in cell dedifferentiation nor apoptosis during the regeneration of the intestine. The development of the in vitro RNAi protocol is a significant step in analyzing specific gene functions involved in echinoderm regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miosotis Alicea-Delgado
- Biology Department, University of Puerto Rico - Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, 00925, USA
| | - José E García-Arrarás
- Biology Department, University of Puerto Rico - Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, 00925, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kaneva MK, Muley MM, Krustev E, Reid AR, Souza PR, Dell'Accio F, McDougall JJ, Perretti M. Alpha-1-antitrypsin reduces inflammation and exerts chondroprotection in arthritis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21472. [PMID: 33788977 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001801r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While new treatments have been developed to control joint disease in rheumatoid arthritis, they are partially effective and do not promote structural repair of cartilage. Following an initial identification of α-1-Antitrypsin (AAT) during the resolution phase of acute inflammation, we report here the properties of this protein in the context of cartilage protection, joint inflammation, and associated pain behavior. Intra-articular and systemic administration of AAT reversed joint inflammation, nociception, and cartilage degradation in the KBxN serum and neutrophil elastase models of arthritis. Ex vivo analyses of arthritic joints revealed that AAT promoted transcription of col2a1, acan, and sox9 and downregulated mmp13 and adamts5 gene expression. In vitro studies using human chondrocytes revealed that SERPINA1 transfection and rAAT protein promoted chondrogenic differentiation through activation of PKA-dependent CREB signaling and inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Thus, AAT is endowed with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and chondroprotective properties that are partially inter-related. We propose that AAT could be developed for new therapeutic strategies to reduce arthritic pain and repair damaged cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Kaneva
- The William Harvey Research Institute, The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Milind M Muley
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Eugene Krustev
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Allison R Reid
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Patricia R Souza
- The William Harvey Research Institute, The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Dell'Accio
- The William Harvey Research Institute, The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Centre for inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jason J McDougall
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mauro Perretti
- The William Harvey Research Institute, The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Centre for inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu J, Qian X, Ding R. MiR-24-3p attenuates IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury associated with osteoarthritis by targeting BCL2L12. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:371. [PMID: 34116684 PMCID: PMC8194242 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MiR-24-3p has been reported to be involved in an osteoarthritis (OA)-resembling environment. However, the functional role and underlying mechanism of miR-24-3p in chondrocyte injury associated with OA remains unknown. Methods The expression of miR-24-3p was determined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR analysis in OA cases and control patients, as well as IL-1β-stimulated chondrocyte cell line CHON-001. The cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis status was assessed by caspase-3 activity detection. The pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-18) were determined using ELISA assay. The association between miR-24-3p and B cell leukemia 2-like 12 (BCL2L12) was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Results We first observed that miR-24-3p expression level was lower in the OA cases than in the control patients and IL-1β decreased the expression of miR-24-3p in the chondrocyte CHON-001. Functionally, overexpression of miR-24-3p significantly attenuated IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury, as reflected by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-18). Western blot analysis showed that overexpression of miR-24-3p weakened IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation, as reflected by reduction of MMP13 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-13) and ADAMTS5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5) protein expression, as well as markedly elevation of COL2A1 (collagen type II). Importantly, BCL2L12 was demonstrated to be a target of miR-24-3p. BCL2L12 knockdown imitated, while overexpression significantly abrogated the protective effects of miR-24-3p against IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury. Conclusions In conclusion, our work provides important insight into targeting miR-24-3p/BCL2L12 axis in OA therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, No. 181 Youyi Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Xiaozhong Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Baoshan Branch, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Community Health Center of Songnan Town, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200441, China
| | - Ren Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, No. 181 Youyi Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201999, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lingappan K, Savani RC. The Wnt Signaling Pathway and the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:1174-1176. [PMID: 32101467 PMCID: PMC7233338 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202002-0277ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Lingappan
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHouston, Texasand
| | - Rashmin C Savani
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu SM, Han Y, Kim SJ. Simvastatin induces differentiation in rabbit articular chondrocytes via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
12
|
Li J, Han G, Ma M, Wei G, Shi X, Guo Z, Li T, Meng H, Cao Y, Liu X. Xanthan Gum Ameliorates Osteoarthritis and Mitigates Cartilage Degradation via Regulation of the Wnt3a/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7488-7498. [PMID: 31587011 PMCID: PMC6792505 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and inflammation. We have previously clarified that a xanthan gum (XG) preparation exerts ameliorating effect on a rabbit OA model by regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3, which are critical proteins in the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway. Thus, it is reasonable to predict that the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway is involved in the treatment of OA with XG. Material/Methods The effect of XG in OA model animals were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), Safranin O staining, and Fast Green staining. Articular cartilage degradation on the medial plateau sides was quantified using the modified Pritzker OARSI score. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in synovial fluid were determined with ELISA. The protective effect of XG in rat chondrocytes was assessed by CCK8 assay. Moreover, activation of the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway and the expression of MMP13, ADAMTS5, aggrecan, and collagen II under the influence of XG was measured by Western blot and qRT-PCR. Results Our results showed that XG reduced the OARSI score and the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in OA after intra-articular injection. XG acted on Wnt3a/β-catenin in ATDC5 cells in a dose-dependent manner and exhibited a protective effect. XG also decreased the expression of MMP13 and ADAMTS5 and rescued the inhibition of aggrecan and collagen II expression in SNP-stimulated chondrocytes. Conclusions These results indicate that the effects of XG are related to the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway and XG suppresses matrix degradation by inhibiting the expression of MMPs and ADAMTS and promotes aggrecan and collagen II content in the ECM, indicating its favorable potential for use in OA therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Guanying Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Min Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Guohua Wei
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Zhe Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Tingting Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Hai Meng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yangyang Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kovács B, Vajda E, Nagy EE. Regulatory Effects and Interactions of the Wnt and OPG-RANKL-RANK Signaling at the Bone-Cartilage Interface in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184653. [PMID: 31546898 PMCID: PMC6769977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage and the bordering subchondral bone form a functionally active regulatory interface with a prominent role in osteoarthritis pathways. The Wnt and the OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling systems, as key mediators, interact in subchondral bone remodeling. Osteoarthritic osteoblasts polarize into two distinct phenotypes: a low secretory and an activated, pro-inflammatory and anti-resorptive subclass producing high quantities of IL-6, PGE2, and osteoprotegerin, but low levels of RANKL, thus acting as putative effectors of subchondral bone sclerosis. Wnt agonists, Wnt5a, Wisp-1 initiate excessive bone remodeling, while Wnt3a and 5a simultaneously cause loss of proteoglycans and phenotype shift in chondrocytes, with decreased expression of COL2A, aggrecan, and Sox-9. Sclerostin, a Wnt antagonist possesses a protective effect for the cartilage, while DKK-1 inhibits VEGF, suspending neoangiogenesis in the subchondral bone. Experimental conditions mimicking abnormal mechanical load, the pro-inflammatory milieu, but also a decreased OPG/RANKL ratio in the cartilage, trigger chondrocyte apoptosis and loss of the matrix via degradative matrix metalloproteinases, like MMP-13 or MMP-9. Hypoxia, an important cofactor exerts a dual role, promoting matrix synthesis via HIF-1α, a Wnt silencer, but turning on HIF-2α that enhances VEGF and MMP-13, along with aberrant collagen expression and extracellular matrix deterioration in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Béla Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Enikő Vajda
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Előd Ernő Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang T, Yao Y. Effects of inflammatory cytokines on bone/cartilage repair. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6841-6850. [PMID: 30335899 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Many inflammatory factors can affect cell behaviors and work as a form of inter-regulatory networks through the inflammatory pathway. Inflammatory cytokines are critical for triggering bone regeneration after fracture or bone injury. Also, inflammatory cytokines play an important role in cartilage repair. The synergistic or antagonistic effects of both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines have a great influence on fracture healing. This review discusses key inflammatory cytokines and signaling pathways involved in bone or cartilage repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingshuai Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology And Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchang Yao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Technology And Implant Materials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Regional gene expression analysis of multiple tissues in an experimental animal model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:294-303. [PMID: 30448533 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize local disease progression of the medial meniscus transection (MMT) model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA) at the molecular level, in order to establish a baseline for therapeutic testing at the preclinical stage. DESIGN Weight-matched male Lewis rats underwent MMT or sham surgery on the left limb with the right leg as contralateral control. At 1 and 3 weeks post-surgery, tissues were harvested from different areas of the articular cartilage (medial and lateral tibial plateaus, and medial osteophyte region) and synovium (medial and lateral), and analyzed separately. RNA was extracted and used for microarray (RT-PCR) analysis. RESULTS Gene expression changes due to surgery were isolated to the medial side of the joint. Gene changes in chondrocyte phenotype of the medial tibial plateau cartilage preceded changes in tissue composition genes. Differences in inflammatory markers were only observed at the osteophyte region at 3 weeks post-surgery. There was surgical noise in the synovium at week 1, which dissipated at week 3. At this later timepoint, meniscal instability resulted in elevated expression of matrix degradation proteins and osteogenic markers in the synovium and cartilage. CONCLUSION These results suggest feedback interactions between joint tissues during disease progression. Regional tissue expression differences found in MMT joints indicated similar pathophysiology to human OA, and provided novel insights about this degeneration model. The examination of gene expression at a localized level in multiple tissues provides a well-characterized baseline to evaluate mechanistic effects of potential therapeutic agents on OA disease progression in the MMT model.
Collapse
|
16
|
Park SY, Kang MJ, Han JS. Interleukin-1 beta promotes neuronal differentiation through the Wnt5a/RhoA/JNK pathway in cortical neural precursor cells. Mol Brain 2018; 11:39. [PMID: 29973222 PMCID: PMC6033214 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-018-0383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a key mediator of inflammation and stress in the central nervous system (CNS), and is highly expressed in the developing brain. In this study, we investigated the possible role of IL-1β in neuronal differentiation of cortical neural precursor cells (NPCs). We showed that stimulation with IL-1β increased expression levels of neurotrophin-3 (NT3) and neurogenin 1 (Ngn1) and promoted neurite outgrowth. We also found that IL-1β increased mRNA and protein levels of Wnt5a. Knockdown of Wnt5a by transfection with Wnt5a siRNA inhibited IL-1β-induced neuronal differentiation. Moreover, IL-1β-induced Wnt5a expression was regulated by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, which is involved in IL-1β-mediated neuronal differentiation. To examine the role of Wnt5a in neuronal differentiation of NPCs, we exogenously added Wnt5a. We found that exogenous Wnt5a promotes neuronal differentiation, and activates the RhoA/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)/c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. In addition, Wnt5a-induced neuronal differentiation was blocked by RhoA siRNA, as well as by a specific Rho-kinase inhibitor (Y27632) or a SAPK/JNK inhibitor (SP600125). Furthermore, treatment with RhoA siRNA, Y27632, or SP600125 suppressed the IL-1β-induced neuronal differentiation. Therefore, these results suggest that the sequential Wnt5a/RhoA/ROCK/JNK pathway is involved in IL-1β-induced neuronal differentiation of NPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Young Park
- Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Kang
- Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Soo Han
- Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Semevolos SA, Duesterdieck-Zellmer KF, Larson M, Kinsley MA. Expression of pro-apoptotic markers is increased along the osteochondral junction in naturally occurring osteochondrosis. Bone Rep 2018; 9:19-26. [PMID: 29998174 PMCID: PMC6038796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteochondrosis (OC) is a naturally occurring disease of the articular-epiphyseal cartilage and subchondral bone layers, leading to pain and decreased mobility. The objective of this study was to characterize gene and protein expression of apoptotic markers in chondrocytes surrounding cartilage canals and along the osteochondral junction of osteochondrosis (OC)-affected and normal cartilage, using naturally occurring disease in horses. Paraffin-embedded osteochondral samples (6 OC, 8 normal controls) and cDNA from chondrocytes captured with laser capture microdissection (4 OC, 6 normal controls) were obtained from the lateral trochlear ridge of femoropatellar joints in 14 immature horses (1–6 months of age). Equine-specific caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-10, Fas, Bcl-2, BAG-1, TNFα, cytochrome C, thymosin-β10, and 18S mRNA expression levels were evaluated by two-step real-time quantitative PCR. Percentage of cell death was determined using the TUNEL method. Protein expression of caspase-10, Fas, cytochrome C, and thymosin-β10 was determined following immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test or two-sample t-test (p < 0.05). In OC samples, there was significantly increased gene expression of caspase-10, Fas, cytochrome C, and thymosin-β10 in chondrocytes along the osteochondral junction and increased Fas gene expression in chondrocytes adjacent to cartilage canals, compared to controls. In OC samples, higher matrix Fas and cytochrome C protein expression, lower mitochondrial cytochrome C protein expression, and a trend for higher cytoplasmic caspase-10 protein expression were found. Collectively, these results suggest that both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways are activated in OC cartilage. Increased apoptosis of osteochondral junction chondrocytes may play a role in OC, based on increased gene expression of several pro-apoptotic markers in this location. Pro-apoptotic marker gene expression increased in osteochondrosis cartilage Extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways activated along osteochondral junction Higher caspase-10, Fas, cytochrome C, and thymosin-β10 gene expression
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Semevolos
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Katja F Duesterdieck-Zellmer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Maureen Larson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Marc A Kinsley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang YY, Wen J, Gong C, Lin S, Zhang CX, Chen S, Cheng W, Li H. BIO alleviated compressive mechanical force-mediated mandibular cartilage pathological changes through Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:1228-1237. [PMID: 28960426 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis induced by compressive mechanical force is characterized by decreased chondrocyte proliferation and degradation of the ECM. To examine underlying mechanisms of the pathological changes of mandibular cartilage induced by compressive mechanical force, an established animal model was used to examine Wnt signaling activation by glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) inhibitor 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) injection in vivo. Histological changes in mandibular cartilage were assessed via hematoxylin & eosin (HE), masson, and alcian blue staining. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were performed to evaluate activation of the Wnt signaling pathway and chondrocytes proliferation markers. Chondrocytes apoptosis was examined by TUNEL staining. During the compressive mechanical force loading-mediated process, Wnt signaling was largely inhibited, which showed the inhibited expression of β-catenin and the increased expression of GSK-3β. The expression of chondrocytes proliferation markers Ki67, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) also decreased. With BIO injection, the Wnt signaling was restored and the proliferation of mandibular chondrocytes was also increased in the late stage (7 days) of compressive mechanical force loading. Finally, the decreasing mandibular cartilage thickness, the degradation of extracellular matrix, and the erosion of bone trabecula were subsequently restored. Also, the changes of extracellular matrix markers such as collagen II and collagen X, matrix metalloproteases, and inflammatory cytokines were reversed followed by the injection of BIO. In summary, compressive mechanical force decreased endogenously Wnt signaling, leading to impaired proliferation in chondrocytes and degradation in cartilage matrix. Restoration of Wnt signaling largely recovered the proliferation defects and alleviated the pathological changes of mandibular cartilage. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1228-1237, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Gong
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Xia Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Varela-Eirin M, Loureiro J, Fonseca E, Corrochano S, Caeiro JR, Collado M, Mayan MD. Cartilage regeneration and ageing: Targeting cellular plasticity in osteoarthritis. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 42:56-71. [PMID: 29258883 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ageing processes play a major contributing role for the development of Osteoarthritis (OA). This prototypic degenerative condition of ageing is the most common form of arthritis and is accompanied by a general decline, chronic pain and mobility deficits. The disease is primarily characterized by articular cartilage degradation, followed by subchondral bone thickening, osteophyte formation, synovial inflammation and joint degeneration. In the early stages, osteoarthritic chondrocytes undergo phenotypic changes that increase cell proliferation and cluster formation and enhance the production of matrix-remodelling enzymes. In fact, chondrocytes exhibit differentiation plasticity and undergo phenotypic changes during the healing process. Current studies are focusing on unravelling whether OA is a consequence of an abnormal wound healing response. Recent investigations suggest that alterations in different proteins, such as TGF-ß/BMPs, NF-Kß, Wnt, and Cx43, or SASP factors involved in signalling pathways in wound healing response, could be directly implicated in the initiation of OA. Several findings suggest that osteoarthritic chondrocytes remain in an immature state expressing stemness-associated cell surface markers. In fact, the efficacy of new disease-modifying OA drugs that promote chondrogenic differentiation in animal models indicates that this may be a drug-sensible state. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge regarding cellular plasticity in chondrocytes and OA. A better comprehension of the mechanisms involved in these processes may enable us to understand the molecular pathways that promote abnormal repair and cartilage degradation in OA. This understanding would be advantageous in identifying novel targets and designing therapies to promote effective cartilage repair and successful joint ageing by preventing functional limitations and disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Varela-Eirin
- CellCOM research group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesus Loureiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fonseca
- CellCOM research group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Jose R Caeiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Collado
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria D Mayan
- CellCOM research group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang X, Zhong L, Hendriks J, Post JN, Karperien M. The Effects of the WNT-Signaling Modulators BIO and PKF118-310 on the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020561. [PMID: 29438298 PMCID: PMC5855783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, mainly from bone marrow, and an ideal source of cells in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. A study of the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs is of particular interest for MSCs-based cartilage regeneration. In this study, we aimed to optimize the conditions for the chrondogenic differentiation of MSCs by regulating WNT signaling using the small molecule WNT inhibitor PKF118-310 and activator BIO. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were isolated from bone marrow aspirates and cultured in hMSCs proliferation medium. Pellet culture was subsequently established for three-dimensional chondrogenic differentiation of 5 weeks. WNT signaling was increased by the small molecule glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor 6-bromoindirubin-3-oxim (BIO) and decreased by the WNT inhibitor PKF118-310 (PKF). The effects of BIO and PKF on the chondrogenesis of hMSCs was examined by real-time PCR, histological methods, and ELISA. We found that activation of canonical WNT-signaling by BIO significantly downregulated the expression of cartilage-specific genes SOX9, COL2A1, and ACAN, and matrix metalloproteinase genes MMP1/3/9/13, but increased ADAMTS 4/5. Inhibition of WNT signaling by PKF increased the expression of SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN, and MMP9, but decreased MMP13 and ADAMTS4/5. In addition, a high level of WNT signaling induced the expression of hypertrophic markers COL10A1, ALPL, and RUNX2, the dedifferentiation marker COL1A1, and glycolysis genes GULT1 and PGK1. Deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II in the pellet matrix was significantly lost in the BIO-treated group and increased in the PKF-treated group. The protein level of COL10A1 was also highly induced in the BIO group. Interestingly, BIO decreased the number of apoptotic cells while PKF significantly induced apoptosis during chondrogenesis. The natural WNT antagonist DKK1 and the protein level of MMP1 in the pellet culture medium were decreased after PKF treatment. All of these chondrogenic effects appeared to be mediated through the canonical WNT signaling pathway, since the target gene Axin2 and other WNT members, such as TCF4 and β-catenin, were upregulated by BIO and downregulated by PKF, respectively, and BIO induced nuclear translocation of β-catenin while PKF inhibited β-catenin translocation into the nucleus. We concluded that addition of BIO to a chondrogenic medium of hMSCs resulted in a loss of cartilage formation, while PKF induced chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage matrix deposition and inhibited hypertrophic differentiation. However, BIO promoted cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis while PKF induced cell apoptosis. This result indicates that either an overexpression or overinhibition of WNT signaling to some extent causes harmful effects on chondrogenic differentiation. Cartilage tissue engineering could benefit from the adjustment of the critical level of WNT signaling during chondrogenesis of hMSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Huang
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.
| | - Leilei Zhong
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Hendriks
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.
| | - Janine N Post
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dell'Accio F, Cailotto F. Pharmacological blockade of the WNT-beta-catenin signaling: a possible first-in-kind DMOAD. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:4-6. [PMID: 29079516 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Dell'Accio
- Queen Mary University of London, Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, 2nd Floor John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.
| | - F Cailotto
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR7365, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle de L'Université de Lorraine, Campus Biologie-Santé, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, 54500, France.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Praxenthaler H, Krämer E, Weisser M, Hecht N, Fischer J, Grossner T, Richter W. Extracellular matrix content and WNT/β-catenin levels of cartilage determine the chondrocyte response to compressive load. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:851-859. [PMID: 29277327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During osteoarthritis (OA)-development extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules are lost from cartilage, thus changing gene-expression, matrix synthesis and biomechanical competence of the tissue. Mechanical loading is important for the maintenance of articular cartilage; however, the influence of an altered ECM content on the response of chondrocytes to loading is not well understood, but may provide important insights into underlying mechanisms as well as supplying new therapies for OA. Objective here was to explore whether a changing ECM-content of engineered cartilage affects major signaling pathways and how this alters the chondrocyte response to compressive loading. Activity of canonical WNT-, BMP-, TGF-β- and p38-signaling was determined during maturation of human engineered cartilage and followed after exposure to a single dynamic compression-episode. WNT/β-catenin- and pSmad1/5/9-levels declined with increasing ECM-content of cartilage. While loading significantly suppressed proteoglycan-synthesis and ACAN-expression at low ECM-content this catabolic response then shifted to an anabolic reaction at high ECM-content. A positive correlation was observed between GAG-content and load-induced alteration of proteoglycan-synthesis. Induction of high β-catenin levels by the WNT-agonist CHIR suppressed load-induced SOX9- and GAG-stimulation in mature constructs. In contrast, the WNT-antagonist IWP-2 was capable of attenuating load-induced GAG-suppression in immature constructs. In conclusion, either ECM accumulation-associated or pharmacologically induced silencing of WNT-levels allowed for a more anabolic reaction of chondrocytes to physiological loading. This is consistent with the role of proteoglycans in sequestering WNT-ligands in the ECM, thus reducing WNT-activity and also provides a novel explanation of why low WNT-activity in cartilage protects from OA-development in mechanically overstressed cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Praxenthaler
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Krämer
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Weisser
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Hecht
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fischer
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Grossner
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wiltrud Richter
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ma L, Wu J, Jin QH. The association between parathyroid hormone 1‑34 and the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8799-8807. [PMID: 29039525 PMCID: PMC5779958 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1‑34 on cartilage degeneration, and the association between PTH 1‑34 and factors associated with the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway following anterior cruciate ligament and medial meniscectomy‑induced osteoarthritis (OA) in rats. A total of 64 Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: Sham‑operated rats with normal saline (NS)‑treatment (n=16); anterior cruciate ligament transection with partial medial meniscectomy (ACLT + MMx) rats with NS‑treatment (n=16); sham‑operated rats treated with PTH 1‑34 (n=16); and ACLT + MMx rats treated with PTH 1‑34 (n=16). PTH (15 µg/kg/day) was administered via subcutaneous injection 5 days per week from the first postoperative day for 2 or 6 weeks. Staining with hematoxylin and eosin and safranin O, and a scoring system modified by Mankin were used to assess the histopathological features of cartilage. The present study detected the expression of PTH 1 receptor (PTH1R), sclerostin, dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 1 (DKK1), β‑catenin and runt‑related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in cartilage by immunohistochemical analysis to determine the association between PTH 1‑34 and factors associated with the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of PTH1R and β‑catenin in cartilage. Histological analysis demonstrated that cartilage degeneration was present post‑surgery and gradually increased over time. PTH 1‑34 reduced the Mankin scores in ACLT + MMx rats compared with the NS‑treated ACLT + MMx rats. Immunohistochemistry and RT‑qPCR analysis demonstrated that, in cartilage, PTH 1‑34 treatment increased the mRNA expression and protein levels of PTH1R and β‑catenin, and decreased protein levels of sclerostin, DKK1 and RUNX2 in ACLT + MMx rats compared with the NS‑treated ACLT + MMx group. The present study demonstrated that PTH 1‑34 upregulated the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway and that PTH1‑34 downregulated RUNX2 through an alternative pathway to the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, in a rat model of OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- Orthopedics Ward 3, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Orthopedics Ward 3, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Qun Hua Jin
- Orthopedics Ward 3, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zarei A, Hulley PA, Sabokbar A, Javaid MK. Co-expression of DKK-1 and Sclerostin in Subchondral Bone of the Proximal Femoral Heads from Osteoarthritic Hips. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 100:609-618. [PMID: 28275825 PMCID: PMC5409924 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressively degenerative joint disease influenced by structural and metabolic factors. There is growing evidence that subchondral bone is involved in both symptomatic and structural progression in OA. The Wnt pathway has been implicated in the progression of OA but the expression and function of the Wnt inhibitors, Dikkopf (DKK-1) and sclerostin (SOST), are unclear. METHODS We examined the regional distribution of DKK-1 and SOST in subchondral bone of the femoral head using resection specimens following arthroplasty in patients presenting with end-stage OA. Cylindrical cores for immunohistochemistry were taken through midpoint of full thickness cartilage defect, partial cartilage defect, through base of osteophyte and through macroscopically normal cartilage. RESULTS Subchondral bone was thickest in cores taken from regions with full cartilage defect and thinnest in cores taken from osteophyte regions. In subchondral bone, expression of both DKK-1 and SOST was observed exclusively in osteocytes. Expression was highest in subchondral bone in cores taken from regions with partial but not full thickness cartilage defects. DKK-1 but not SOST was expressed by chondrocytes in cores with macroscopically normal cartilage. CONCLUSION The current study describes the regional cellular distribution of SOST and DKK-1 in hip OA. Expression was highest in the osteocytes in bone underlying partial thickness cartilage defects. It is however not clear if this is a cause or a consequence of alterations in the overlying cartilage. However, it is suggestive of an active remodeling process which might be targeted by disease-modifying agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allahdad Zarei
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, NDORMS, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Philippa A Hulley
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, NDORMS, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Afsie Sabokbar
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, NDORMS, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - M Kassim Javaid
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, NDORMS, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Elayyan J, Lee E, Gabay O, Smith CA, Qiq O, Reich E, Mobasheri A, Henrotin Y, Kimber SJ, Dvir‐Ginzberg M. LEF1‐mediated MMP13 gene expression is repressed by SIRT1 in human chondrocytes. FASEB J 2017; 31:3116-3125. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601253r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinan Elayyan
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesFaculty of Dental MedicineHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem Israel
| | - Eun‐Jin Lee
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoul South Korea
| | - Odile Gabay
- U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationCenter for Drug Evaluation and ResearchDivision of Biotechnology Review and Research ISilver Spring Maryland USA
| | - Christopher A. Smith
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester United Kingdom
| | - Omar Qiq
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesFaculty of Dental MedicineHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem Israel
| | - Eli Reich
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesFaculty of Dental MedicineHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem Israel
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford United Kingdom
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for SportExercise and OsteoarthritisQueen's Medical CentreNottingham United Kingdom
| | - Yves Henrotin
- Bone and Cartilage Research UnitArthropôle LiègeUniversity of LiègeInstitute of PathologyLiège Belgium
| | - Susan J. Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester United Kingdom
| | - Mona Dvir‐Ginzberg
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesFaculty of Dental MedicineHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem Israel
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gibson AL, Hui Mingalone CK, Foote AT, Uchimura T, Zhang M, Zeng L. Wnt7a Inhibits IL-1β Induced Catabolic Gene Expression and Prevents Articular Cartilage Damage in Experimental Osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41823. [PMID: 28165497 PMCID: PMC5292965 DOI: 10.1038/srep41823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt7a is a protein that plays a critical role in skeletal development. However, its effect on cartilage homeostasis under pathological conditions is not known. In this study, we found a unique inverse correlation between Wnt7a gene expression and that of MMP and IL-1β in individual human OA cartilage specimens. Upon ectopic expression in primary human articular chondrocytes, Wnt7a inhibited IL-1β-induced MMP and iNOS gene expression. Western blot analysis indicated that Wnt7a induced both canonical Wnt signaling and NFAT and Akt non-canonical signaling. Interestingly, inhibiting the canonical and Akt pathway did not affect Wnt7a activity. However, inhibiting the NFAT pathway impaired Wnt7a’s ability to inhibit MMP expression, suggesting that Wnt7a requires NFAT signaling to exert this function. In vivo, intraarticular injection of lentiviral Wnt7a strongly attenuated articular cartilage damage induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) OA-inducing surgery in mice. Consistently, Wnt7a also inhibited the progressive increase of joint MMP activity in DMM animals. These results indicate that Wnt7a signaling inhibits inflammatory stimuli-induced catabolic gene expression in human articular chondrocytes and is sufficient to attenuate MMP activities and promote joint cartilage integrity in mouse experimental OA, demonstrating a novel effect of Wnt7a on regulating OA pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Averi L Gibson
- Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Carrie K Hui Mingalone
- Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Andrea T Foote
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Tomoya Uchimura
- Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Li Zeng
- Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Department of Orthopedics, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shen G, Darendeliler MA. The Adaptive Remodeling of Condylar Cartilage— A Transition from Chondrogenesis to Osteogenesis. J Dent Res 2016; 84:691-9. [PMID: 16040724 DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandibular condylar cartilage is categorized as articular cartilage but markedly distinguishes itself in many biological aspects, such as its embryonic origin, ontogenetic development, post-natal growth mode, and histological structures. The most marked uniqueness of condylar cartilage lies in its capability of adaptive remodeling in response to external stimuli during or after natural growth. The adaptation of condylar cartilage to mandibular forward positioning constitutes the fundamental rationale for orthodontic functional therapy, which partially contributes to the correction of jaw discrepancies by achieving mandibular growth modification. The adaptive remodeling of condylar cartilage proceeds with the biomolecular pathway initiating from chondrogenesis and finalizing with osteogenesis. During condylar adaptation, chondrogenesis is activated when the external stimuli, e.g., condylar repositioning, generate the differentiation of mesenchymal cells in the articular layer of cartilage into chondrocytes, which proliferate and then progressively mature into hypertrophic cells. The expression of regulatory growth factors, which govern and control phenotypic conversions of chondrocytes during chondrogenesis, increases during adaptive remodeling to enhance the transition from chondrogenesis into osteogenesis, a process in which hypertrophic chondrocytes and matrices degrade and are replaced by bone. The transition is also sustained by increased neovascularization, which brings in osteoblasts that finally result in new bone formation beneath the degraded cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Shen
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sydney Dental Hospital, The University of Sydney, 2 Chalmers Street, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ozeki N, Yamaguchi H, Hase N, Hiyama T, Kawai R, Kondo A, Nakata K, Mogi M. Polyphosphate-induced matrix metalloproteinase-3-mediated proliferation in rat dental pulp fibroblast-like cells is mediated by a Wnt5 signaling cascade. Biosci Trends 2016; 9:160-8. [PMID: 26166369 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2015.01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Although it is known that inorganic polyphosphate [Poly(P)] induces differentiation of osteoblasts, there are few reports concerning its effects on cell proliferation, especially in fibroblasts. Because we found that Poly(P) stimulates the proliferation of purified rat dental pulp fibroblast-like cells (DPFCs), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into purified rat DPFCs to investigate whether MMP-3 activity is induced by Poly(P) and/or is associated with cell proliferation in DPFCs. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blots, an MMP-3 activity assay, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess cell proliferation were used in this study. Poly(P) induced expression of MMP-3 mRNA and protein, and increased MMP-3 activity and cell proliferation. Silencing of MMP-3 expression with siRNA yielded potent and significant suppression of Poly(P)-induced MMP-3 expression and activity, and decreased cell proliferation. Poly(P) also increased mRNA and protein levels of Wnt5 and the Wnt receptor Lrp5/Fzd9. Although exogenous MMP-3 could not induce Wnt5, exogenous Wnt5 was found to increase MMP-3 activity and, interestingly, the proliferation rate of DPFCs. Transfection with Wnt5a siRNA suppressed the Poly(P)-induced increase in MMP-3 expression and suppressed cell proliferation. These results demonstrate the sequential involvement of Wnt5 and MMP-3 in Poly(P)-induced proliferation of DPFCs, and may have relevance in our understanding and ability to improve wound healing following dental pulp injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Ozeki
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wnt16 Signaling Is Required for IL-1β-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-13-Regulated Proliferation of Human Stem Cell-Derived Osteoblastic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:221. [PMID: 26861315 PMCID: PMC4783953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We established a differentiation method for homogeneous α7 integrin-positive human skeletal muscle stem cell (α7+hSMSC)-derived osteoblast-like (α7+hSMSC-OB) cells, and found that interleukin (IL)-1β induces matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13-regulated proliferation of these cells. These data suggest that MMP-13 plays a potentially unique physiological role in the regeneration of osteoblast-like cells. Here, we examined whether up-regulation of MMP-13 activity by IL-1β was mediated by Wingless/int1 (Wnt) signaling and increased the proliferation of osteoblast-like cells. IL-1β increased the mRNA and protein levels of Wnt16 and the Wnt receptor Lrp5/Fzd2. Exogenous Wnt16 was found to increase MMP-13 mRNA, protein and activity, and interestingly, the proliferation rate of these cells. Treatment with small interfering RNAs against Wnt16 and Lrp5 suppressed the IL-1β-induced increase in cell proliferation. We revealed that a unique signaling cascade IL-1β→Wnt16→Lrp5→MMP-13, was intimately involved in the proliferation of osteoblast-like cells, and suggest that IL-1β-induced MMP-13 expression and changes in cell proliferation are regulated by Wnt16.
Collapse
|
30
|
Charlier E, Malaise O, Zeddou M, Neuville S, Cobraiville G, Deroyer C, Sanchez C, Gillet P, Kurth W, de Seny D, Relic B, Malaise MG. Restriction of spontaneous and prednisolone-induced leptin production to dedifferentiated state in human hip OA chondrocytes: role of Smad1 and β-catenin activation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:315-24. [PMID: 26318657 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aetiology of OA is not fully understood although several adipokines such as leptin are known mediators of disease progression. Since leptin levels were increased in synovial fluid compared to serum in OA patients, it was suggested that joint cells themselves could produce leptin. However, exact mechanisms underlying leptin production by chondrocytes are poorly understood. Nevertheless, prednisolone, although displaying powerful anti-inflammatory properties has been recently reported to be potent stimulator of leptin and its receptor in OA synovial fibroblasts. Therefore, we investigated, in vitro, spontaneous and prednisolone-induced leptin production in OA chondrocytes, focusing on transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. DESIGN We used an in vitro dedifferentiation model, comparing human freshly isolated hip OA chondrocytes cultivated in monolayer during 1 day (type II, COL2A1 +; type X, COL10A1 + and type I collagen, COL1A1 -) or 14 days (COL2A1 -; COL10A1 - and COL1A1+). RESULTS Leptin expression was not detected in day1 OA chondrocytes whereas day14 OA chondrocytes produced leptin, significantly increased with prednisolone. Activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1)/ALK5 ratio was shifted during dedifferentiation, from high ALK5 and phospho (p)-Smad2 expression at day1 to high ALK1, endoglin and p-Smad1/5 expression at day14. Moreover, inactive glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and active β-catenin were only found in dedifferentiated OA chondrocytes. Smad1 and β-catenin but not endoglin stable lentiviral silencing led to a significant decrease in leptin production by dedifferentiated OA chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Only dedifferentiated OA chondrocytes produced leptin. Prednisolone markedly enhanced leptin production, which involved Smad1 and β-catenin activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Charlier
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium.
| | - O Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - M Zeddou
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - S Neuville
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - G Cobraiville
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - C Deroyer
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - C Sanchez
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - P Gillet
- Orthopedic Surgery Unit, CHU of Liège, Belgium
| | - W Kurth
- Orthopedic Surgery Unit, CHU of Liège, Belgium
| | - D de Seny
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - B Relic
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - M G Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU de Liège, Arthropole Liège, University of Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
van den Bosch MH, Gleissl TA, Blom AB, van den Berg WB, van Lent PL, van der Kraan PM. Wnts talking with the TGF-β superfamily: WISPers about modulation of osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 55:1536-47. [PMID: 26667213 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signalling pathway is gaining increasing attention in the field of joint pathologies, attributable to its role in the development and homeostasis of the tissues found in the joint, including bone and cartilage. Imbalance in this pathway has been implicated in the development and progression of OA, and interference with the pathway might therefore depict an effective treatment strategy. Though offering multiple opportunities, it is yet to be decided which starting point will bring forth the most promising results. The complexity of the pathway and its interaction with other pathways (such as the TGF-β signalling pathway, which also has a central role in the maintenance of joint homeostasis) means that acting directly on proteins in this signalling cascade entails a high risk of undesired side effects. Therefore, interference with Wnt-induced proteins, such as WISP1, might be an overall more effective and safer therapeutic approach to inhibit the pathological events that take place during OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martijn H van den Bosch
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Teresa A Gleissl
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen B Blom
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim B van den Berg
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter L van Lent
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van der Kraan
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bastakoty D, Saraswati S, Cates J, Lee E, Nanney LB, Young PP. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes regenerative repair of cutaneous and cartilage injury. FASEB J 2015; 29:4881-92. [PMID: 26268926 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-275941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing in mammals is a fibrotic process. The mechanisms driving fibrotic (as opposed to regenerative) repair are poorly understood. Herein we report that therapeutic Wnt inhibition with topical application of small-molecule Wnt inhibitors can reduce fibrosis and promote regenerative cutaneous wound repair. In the naturally stented model of ear punch injury, we found that Wnt/β-catenin pathway is activated most notably in the dermis of the wound bed early (d 2) after injury and subsides to baseline levels by d10. Topical application of either of 2 mechanistically distinct small-molecule Wnt pathway inhibitors (a tankyrase inhibitor, XAV-939, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved casein kinase activator, pyrvinium) in C57Bl/6J mice resulted in significantly increased rates of wound closure (72.3 ± 14.7% with XAV-939; and 52.1 ± 20.9% with pyrvinium) compared with contralateral controls (38.1 ± 23.0 and 40.4.± 16.7%, respectively). Histologically, Wnt inhibition reduced fibrosis as measured by α-smooth muscle actin positive myofibroblasts and collagen type I α1 synthesis. Wnt inhibition also restored skin architecture including adnexal structures in ear wounds and dermal-epidermal junction with rete pegs in excisional wounds. Additionally, in ear punch injury Wnt inhibitor treatment enabled regeneration of auricular cartilage. Our study shows that pharmacologic Wnt inhibition holds therapeutic utility for regenerative repair of cutaneous wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dikshya Bastakoty
- *Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sarika Saraswati
- *Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Justin Cates
- *Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ethan Lee
- *Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lillian B Nanney
- *Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Pampee P Young
- *Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Moazedi-Fuerst FC, Hofner M, Gruber G, Weinhaeusel A, Stradner MH, Angerer H, Peischler D, Lohberger B, Glehr M, Leithner A, Sonntagbauer M, Graninger WB. Epigenetic differences in human cartilage between mild and severe OA. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:1636-45. [PMID: 25212754 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of osteoarthritis (OA) depends on genetic and environmental factors, which influence the biology of the chondrocyte via epigenetic regulation. Changes within the epigenome might lead the way to discovery of new pathogenetic pathways. We performed a genome-wide methylation screening to identify potential differences between paired mild and severe osteoarthritic human cartilage. Sixteen female patients suffering from OA underwent total knee joint replacement. Cartilage specimens collected from corresponding macroscopically undamaged and from damaged areas were processed for DNA extraction and histology to evaluate the histological grading of the disease. Paired specimens were analysed for the methylation status of the whole genome using human promoter microarrays (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA). Selected target genes were then validated via methylation-specific qPCR. One thousand two hundred and fourteen genetic targets were identified differentially methylated between mild and severe OA. One thousand and seventy of these targets were found hypermethylated and 144 hypomethylated. The descriptive analysis of these genes by Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG pathway and protein domain analyses points to pathways of development and differentiation. We identified a list of genes which are differently methylated in mild and severe OA cartilage. Within the pathways of growth and development new therapeutic targets might arise by improving our understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms in OA.
Collapse
|
34
|
RETRACTED: IL-1β-induced, matrix metalloproteinase-3-regulated proliferation of embryonic stem cell-derived odontoblastic cells is mediated by the Wnt5 signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2014; 328:69-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
35
|
Mill C, Monk BA, Williams H, Simmonds SJ, Jeremy JY, Johnson JL, George SJ. Wnt5a-induced Wnt1-inducible secreted protein-1 suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2449-56. [PMID: 25212236 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to thinning and rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque fibrous cap and is thereby associated with myocardial infarction. Wnt protein activation of β-catenin regulates numerous genes that are associated with cell survival. We therefore investigated Wnt/β-catenin survival signaling in VSMCs and assessed the presence of this pathway in human atherosclerotic plaques at various stages of the disease process. APPROACH AND RESULTS Wnt5a induced β-catenin/T-cell factor signaling and retarded oxidative stress (H₂O₂)-induced apoptosis in mouse aortic VSMCs. Quantification of mRNA levels revealed a >4-fold (P<0.05; n=9) increase in the expression of the Wnt/β-catenin responsive gene, Wnt1-inducible secreted protein-1 (WISP-1), which was dependent on cAMP response element-binding protein and sustained in the presence of H₂O₂. Exogenous WISP-1 significantly reduced H₂O₂-induced apoptosis by 43% (P<0.05; n=3) and was shown using silencing small interfering RNA, to be important for Wnt5a-dependent survival responses to H₂O₂ (P<0.05; n=3). WISP-1 protein levels were significantly lower (≈50%) in unstable atherosclerosis compared with stable plaques (n=11 and n=14). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate for the first time that Wnt5a induces β-catenin survival signaling in VSMCs via WISP-1. The deficiency of the novel survival factor, WISP-1 in intimal VSMCs of unstable coronary plaques, suggests that there is altered Wnt/β-catenin/ T-cell factor signaling with progressive atherosclerosis, and restoration of WISP-1 protein might be an effective stabilization factor for vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Mill
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Bethan Alice Monk
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Williams
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Steven John Simmonds
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Yancey Jeremy
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Lee Johnson
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jane George
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Resveratrol protects chondrocytes from apoptosis via altering the ultrastructural and biomechanical properties: an AFM study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91611. [PMID: 24632762 PMCID: PMC3954736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease with high prevalence among older people, occurs from molecular or nanometer level and extends gradually to higher degrees of the ultrastructure of cartilage, finally resulting in irreversible structural and functional damages. This report aims to use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the protective effects of resveratrol (RV), a drug with good anti-inflammatory properties, on cellular morphology, membrane architecture, cytoskeleton, cell surface adhesion and stiffness at nanometer level in sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced apoptotic chondrocytes, a typical cellular OA model. CCK-8 assay showed that 100 μM RV significantly prevented SNP-induced cytotoxicity. AFM imaging and quantitative analysis showed that SNP potently induced chondrocytes changes including shrunk, round, lamellipodia contraction and decrease in adherent junctions among cells, as well as the destruction of biomechanics: 90% decrease in elasticity and 30% decrease in adhesion. In addition, confocal imaging analysis showed that SNP induced aggregation of the cytoskeleton and decrease in the expression of cytoskeletal proteins. More importantly, these SNP-induced damages to chondrocytes could be potently prevented by RV pretreatment. Interestingly, the biomechanical changes occurred before morphological changes could be clearly observed during SNP-induced apoptosis, indicating that the biomechanics of cellular membrane may be a more robust indicator of cell function. Collectively, our data demonstrate that RV prevents SNP-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes by regulating actin organization, and that AFM-based technology can be developed into a powerful and sensitive method to study the interaction mechanisms between chondrocytes and drugs.
Collapse
|
37
|
Svala E, Thorfve AI, Ley C, Henriksson HKB, Synnergren JM, Lindahl AH, Ekman S, Skiöldebrand ESR. Effects of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β on expression of growth differentiation factor-5 and Wnt signaling pathway genes in equine chondrocytes. Am J Vet Res 2014; 75:132-40. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.75.2.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
38
|
Shin Y, Huh YH, Kim K, Kim S, Park KH, Koh JT, Chun JS, Ryu JH. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 governs Wnt-mediated osteoarthritic cartilage destruction. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R37. [PMID: 24479426 PMCID: PMC3978879 DOI: 10.1186/ar4466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Wnt ligands bind to low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein (LRP) 5 or 6, triggering a cascade of downstream events that include β-catenin signaling. Here we explored the roles of LRP5 in interleukin 1β (IL-1β)- or Wnt-mediated osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage destruction in mice. Methods The expression levels of LRP5, type II collagen, and catabolic factors were determined in mouse articular chondrocytes, human OA cartilage, and mouse experimental OA cartilage. Experimental OA in wild-type, Lrp5 total knockout (Lrp5-/-) and chondrocyte-specific knockout (Lrp5fl/fl;Col2a1-cre) mice was caused by aging, destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM), or intra-articular injection of collagenase. The role of LRP5 was confirmed in vitro by small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of Lrp5 or in Lrp5-/- cells treated with IL-1β or Wnt proteins. Results IL-1β treatment increased the expression of LRP5 (but not LRP6) via JNK and NF-κB signaling. LRP5 was upregulated in human and mouse OA cartilage, and Lrp5 deficiency in mice inhibited cartilage destruction. Treatment with IL-1β or Wnt decreased the level of Col2a1 and increased those of Mmp3 or Mmp13, whereas Lrp5 knockdown ameliorated these effects. In addition, we found that the functions of LRP5 in arthritic cartilage were subject to transcriptional activation by β-catenin. Moreover, Lrp5-/- and Lrp5fl/fl;Col2a1-cre mice exhibited decreased cartilage destruction (and related changes in gene expression) in response to experimental OA. Conclusions Our findings indicate that LRP5 (but not LRP6) plays an essential role in Wnt/β-catenin-signaling-mediated OA cartilage destruction in part by regulating the expression levels of type II collagen, MMP3, and MMP13.
Collapse
|
39
|
Sassi N, Laadhar L, Allouche M, Achek A, Kallel-Sellami M, Makni S, Sellami S. WNT signaling and chondrocytes: from cell fate determination to osteoarthritis physiopathology. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2013; 34:73-80. [PMID: 24303940 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2013.863919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Osteoarthritis (OA) is an articular disorder leading to the degradation of articular cartilage phenotypical chondrocytes modifications, including the acquisition of a fibroblast-like morphology, decreased expression of collagen type II, and increased expression of fetal collagen type I, metalloproteinase 13 and nitric oxide synthase. This promotes matrix degradation and unsuccessful cartilage repair. WNT signaling constitutes one of the most critical biological processes during cell fate assignment and homeostasis. OBJECTIVES This review aims to give an insight on results from the studies that were interested in the involvement of WNT in OA. METHODS Studies were selected through a pubmed search. RESULTS Recent genetic data showed that aberration in WNT signaling may be involved in OA. WNT signals are transduced through at least three cascades: the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway, the WNT/Ca(2+) pathway and the WNT/planar cell polarity pathway. Most of the studies used in-vitro models to elucidate the involvement of WNT in the physiopathology of OA. These studies analyzed the expression pattern of WNT pathway components during OA such as WNT5, WNT7, co-receptor LRP, β-catenin, WNT target genes (c-jun, cyclins) and/or the interaction of these components with the secretion of OA most important markers such as IL-1, collagens, MMPs. Results from these studies are in favor of a deep involvement of the WNT signaling in the physiopathology of OA either by having a protective or a destructive role. CONCLUSION Deeper researches may eventually allow scientists to target WNT pathway in order to help develop efficient therapeutic approaches to treat OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sassi
- Immuno-Rheumatology Research Laboratory, Rheumatology Department, La Rabta Hospital, University of Tunis-El Manar , Tunis , Tunisia and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Stock M, Böhm C, Scholtysek C, Englbrecht M, Fürnrohr BG, Klinger P, Gelse K, Gayetskyy S, Engelke K, Billmeier U, Wirtz S, van den Berg W, Schett G. Wnt inhibitory factor 1 deficiency uncouples cartilage and bone destruction in tumor necrosis factor α-mediated experimental arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:2310-22. [PMID: 23784913 DOI: 10.1002/art.38054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wnt signaling plays a pivotal role in skeletal development and in the control of cartilage and bone turnover. We have recently shown that the secreted Wnt antagonist Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF-1) is mainly expressed in the upper layers of epiphyseal and articular cartilage and, to a lesser extent, in bone. Nevertheless, WIF-1(-/-) mice develop normally. In light of these findings, we undertook this study to analyze the role of WIF-1 in arthritis. METHODS Expression analyses for WIF-1 were performed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). WIF-1(-/-) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-transgenic mice were crossbred, and the progression of arthritis in TNF-transgenic WIF-1(-/-) mice and littermate controls was evaluated. Structural joint damage was analyzed by histologic staining, histomorphometry, and micro-computed tomography. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was investigated by real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence on primary chondrocytes. RESULTS WIF-1 expression was repressed by TNFα in chondrocytes and osteoblasts and down-regulated in experimental arthritis and in articular cartilage from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. WIF-1 deficiency partially protected TNF-transgenic mice against bone erosion and loss of trabecular bone, probably as a result of less osteoclast activity. In contrast, arthritis-related cartilage damage was aggravated by WIF-1 deficiency, while overexpression of WIF-1 attenuated cartilage degradation in TNF-transgenic mice. In chondrocytes, TNFα stimulated canonical Wnt signaling, which could be blocked by WIF-1, indicating a direct effect of TNFα and WIF-1 on Wnt signaling in this system. CONCLUSION These data suggest that WIF-1 may take part in the fine-tuning of cartilage and bone turnover, promoting the balance of cartilage versus bone anabolism.
Collapse
|
41
|
Landman EBM, Miclea RL, van Blitterswijk CA, Karperien M. Small molecule inhibitors of WNT/β-catenin signaling block IL-1β- and TNFα-induced cartilage degradation. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15:R93. [PMID: 23965253 PMCID: PMC3978727 DOI: 10.1186/ar4273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we tested the ability of small molecule inhibitors of WNT/β-catenin signaling to block interleukin 1β (IL-1β)- and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced cartilage degradation. Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNFα are potent inducers of cartilage degradation by upregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and activity. Because WNT/β-catenin signaling was found to be involved in IL-1β- and TNFα-induced upregulation of MMP activity, we hypothesized that inhibition of WNT/β-catenin signaling might block IL-1β- and TNFα-induced cartilage degradation. We tested the effect of small molecules that block the interaction between β-catenin and TCF/Lef transcription factors on IL-1β- and TNFα-induced cartilage degradation in mouse fetal metatarsals. Methods We used mouse fetal metatarsals treated with IL-1β and TNFα as an ex vivo model for cytokine-induced cartilage degradation. Metatarsals were treated with IL-1β and TNFα in combination with the small molecules PKF115-584, PKF118-310 and CGP049090 at different concentrations and then harvested them for histological and gene expression analysis. Results We found that IL-1β- and TNFα-induced cartilage degradation in mouse fetal metatarsals was blocked by inhibiting WNT/β-catenin signaling using small molecule PKF115-584 and partially using CGP049090 dose-dependently. In addition, we found that PKF115-584 blocked IL-1β- and TNFα-induced MMP mRNA expression, but did not reverse the inhibitory effect of IL-1β on the expression of cartilage anabolic genes. Conclusion In this study, we show that inhibition of WNT/β-catenin signaling by small molecules can effectively prevent IL-1β- and TNFα-induced cartilage degradation by blocking MMP expression and activity. Furthermore, we elucidate the involvement of WNT/β-catenin signaling in IL-1β- and TNFα-induced cartilage degradation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Sassi N, Laadhar L, Allouche M, Zandieh-Doulabi B, Hamdoun M, Klein-Nulend J, Makni S, Sellami S. Wnt signaling is involved in human articular chondrocyte de-differentiation in vitro. Biotech Histochem 2013; 89:29-40. [PMID: 23901947 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2013.811285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form of arthritis in the world. Certain signaling pathways, such as the wnt pathway, are involved in cartilage pathology. Osteoarthritic chondrocytes undergo morphological and biochemical changes that lead to chondrocyte de-differentiation. We investigated whether the Wnt pathway is involved in de-differentiation of human articular chondrocytes in vitro. Human articular chondrocytes were cultured for four passages in the presence or absence of IL-1 in monolayer or micromass culture. Changes in cell morphology were monitored by light microscopy. Protein and gene expression of chondrocyte markers and Wnt pathway components were determined by Western blotting and qPCR after culture. After culturing for four passages, chondrocytes exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology. Collagen type II and aggrecan protein and gene expression decreased, while collagen type I, matrix metalloproteinase 13, and nitric oxide synthase expressions increased. Wnt molecule expression profiles changed; Wnt5a protein expression, the Wnt target gene, c-jun, and in Wnt pathway regulator, sFRP4 increased. Treatment with IL-1 caused chondrocyte morphology to become more filament-like. This change in morphology was accompanied by extinction of col II expression and increased col I, MMP13 and eNOS expression. Changes in expression of the Wnt pathway components also were observed. Wnt7a decreased significantly, while Wnt5a, LRP5, β-catenin and c-jun expressions increased. Culture of human articular chondrocytes with or without IL-1 not only induced chondrocyte de-differentiation, but also changed the expression profiles of Wnt components, which suggests that the Wnt pathway is involved in chondrocyte de-differentiation in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Sassi
- Immuno-Rheumatology Research Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology, La Rabta Hospital, University of Tunis-El Manar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sassi N, Laadhar L, Allouche M, Zandieh-Doulabi B, Hamdoun M, Klein-Nulend J, Makni S, Sellami S. The roles of canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling in human de-differentiated articular chondrocytes. Biotech Histochem 2013; 89:53-65. [PMID: 23901950 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2013.819123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form of arthritis in the world and it is becoming a major public health problem. Osteoarthritic chondrocytes undergo morphological and biochemical changes that lead to de-differentiation. The involvement of signaling pathways, such as the Wnt pathway, during cartilage pathology has been reported. Wnt signaling regulates critical biological processes. Wnt signals are transduced through at least three intracellular signaling pathways including the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway, the Wnt/Ca2 + pathway and the Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway. We investigated the involvement of the Wnt canonical and non-canonical pathways in human articular chondrocyte de-differentiation in vitro. Human articular chondrocytes were cultured through four passages with no treatment, or with sFRP3 treatment, an inhibitor of Wnt pathways, or with DKK1 treatment, an inhibitor of the canonical pathway. Chondrocyte-secreted markers and Wnt pathway components were analyzed using western blotting and qPCR. Inhibition of the Wnt pathway showed that the canonical Wnt signaling probably is responsible for inhibition of collagen II expression, activation of metalloproteinase 13 expression and regulation of Wnt7a and c-jun expression during chondrocyte de-differentiation in vitro. Our results also suggest that expressions of eNOS, Wnt5a and cyclinE1 are regulated by non-canonical Wnt signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Sassi
- Immuno-Rheumatology research laboratory, Rheumatology Department, La Rabta Hospital, University of Tunis-El Manar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ma B, Landman EBM, Miclea RL, Wit JM, Robanus-Maandag EC, Post JN, Karperien M. WNT signaling and cartilage: of mice and men. Calcif Tissue Int 2013; 92:399-411. [PMID: 23212543 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-012-9675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In adult articular cartilage, the extracellular matrix is maintained by a balance between the degradation and the synthesis of matrix components. Chondrocytes that sparsely reside in the matrix and rarely proliferate are the key cellular mediators for cartilage homeostasis. There are indications for the involvement of the WNT signaling pathway in maintaining articular cartilage. Various WNTs are involved in the subsequent stages of chondrocyte differentiation during development, and deregulation of WNT signaling was observed in cartilage degeneration. Even though gene expression and protein synthesis can be activated upon injury, articular cartilage has a limited ability of self-repair and efforts to regenerate articular cartilage have so far not been successful. Because WNT signaling was found to be involved in the development and maintenance of cartilage as well as in the degeneration of cartilage, interfering with this pathway might contribute to improving cartilage regeneration. However, most of the studies on elucidating the role of WNT signaling in these processes were conducted using in vitro or in vivo animal models. Discrepancies have been found in the role of WNT signaling between chondrocytes of mouse and human origin, and extrapolation of results from mouse models to the human situation remains a challenge. Elucidation of detailed WNT signaling functions will provide knowledge to improve cartilage regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ma B, Zhong L, van Blitterswijk CA, Post JN, Karperien M. T cell factor 4 is a pro-catabolic and apoptotic factor in human articular chondrocytes by potentiating nuclear factor κB signaling. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:17552-8. [PMID: 23603903 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.453985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors are downstream effectors of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which has been implicated in the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to investigate the role of TCF/LEF transcription factors in human articular chondrocytes. Primary human osteoarthritic cartilage predominantly expressed TCF4 and to a lesser extent, LEF1 and TCF3 mRNA. Overexpression of TCF4, but not of TCF3 or LEF1, induced MMP-1, -3, and -13 expression and generic MMP activity in human chondrocytes. This was due to potentiating NF-κB signaling by a protein-protein interaction between TCF4 and NF-κB p65 activating established NF-κB target genes such as MMPs and IL-6. LEF1 competed with TCF4 for binding to NF-κB p65. IκB-α was able to counteract the effect of TCF4 on NF-κB target gene expression. Finally, we showed that TCF4 mRNA expression was elevated in OA cartilage compared with healthy cartilage and induced chondrocyte apoptosis at least partly through activating caspase 3/7. Our findings suggest that increased TCF4 expression may contribute to cartilage degeneration in OA by augmenting NF-κB signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ma B, van Blitterswijk CA, Karperien M. A Wnt/β-catenin negative feedback loop inhibits interleukin-1-induced matrix metalloproteinase expression in human articular chondrocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:2589-600. [PMID: 22328140 DOI: 10.1002/art.34425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The results of recent animal studies suggest that activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in articular chondrocytes might be a driving factor in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) by stimulating, for instance, the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced MMP expression in human chondrocytes. METHODS Primary cultures of human, murine, and bovine articular chondrocytes as well as human mesenchymal stem cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts were used in the experiments. Multiple strategies for the activation and inhibition of signaling pathways were utilized. Reporter assays and coimmunoprecipitation were performed to study the interaction between β-catenin and NF-κB. RESULTS In contrast to the role of Wnt/β-catenin in animal chondrocytes, in human chondrocytes it was a potent inhibitor of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 expression and generic MMP activity both in basal conditions and after IL-1β stimulation. This effect was independent of the T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor family of transcription factors but rather was attributable to an inhibitory protein-protein interaction between β-catenin and NF-κB. IL-1β indirectly activated β-catenin signaling by inducing canonical Wnt-7B expression and by inhibiting the expression of canonical Wnt antagonists. CONCLUSION Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human chondrocytes had an unexpected anticatabolic role by counteracting NF-κB-mediated MMP expression induced by IL-1β in a negative feedback loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kikuchi A, Yamamoto H, Sato A, Matsumoto S. New insights into the mechanism of Wnt signaling pathway activation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 291:21-71. [PMID: 22017973 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386035-4.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Wnts compromise a large family of secreted, hydrophobic glycoproteins that control a variety of developmental and adult processes in all metazoan organisms. Recent advances in the Wnt-signal studies have revealed that distinct Wnts activate multiple intracellular cascades that regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, and polarity. Although the mechanism by which Wnts regulate different pathways selectively remains to be clarified, evidence has accumulated that in addition to the formation of ligand-receptor pairs, phosphorylation of receptors, receptor-mediated endocytosis, acidification, and the presence of cofactors, such as heparan sulfate proteoglycans, are also involved in the activation of specific Wnt pathways. Here, we review the mechanism of activation in Wnt signaling initiated on the cell-surface membrane. In addition, the mechanisms for fine-tuning by cross talk between Wnt and other signaling are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Rhee J, Ryu JH, Kim JH, Chun CH, Chun JS. α-Catenin inhibits β-catenin-T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancing factor transcriptional activity and collagen type II expression in articular chondrocytes through formation of Gli3R.α-catenin.β-catenin ternary complex. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:11751-60. [PMID: 22298781 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.281014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrocytes, a unique cell type in cartilage tissue, are responsible for the regulation of anabolic and catabolic homeostasis in cartilage-specific extracellular matrix synthesis. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces dedifferentiation of articular chondrocytes, resulting in suppression of type II collagen expression. We have shown previously that α-catenin inhibits β-catenin-Tcf/Lef (T-cell factor/lymphoid-enhancing factor) transcriptional activity in articular chondrocytes with a concomitant recovery of type II collagen expression. In the current study, we elucidated the mechanism underlying this inhibition of β-catenin-Tcf/Lef transcriptional activity by α-catenin, showing that it requires direct interaction between α-catenin and β-catenin. We further showed that it involves recruitment of Gli3R, the short transcription-repressing form of the transcription factor Gli3, to β-catenin by α-catenin. The resulting inhibition of β-catenin transcriptional activity leads to increased expression of type II collagen. Gli3R and α-catenin actions are co-dependent: both are necessary for the observed inhibitory effects on β-catenin transcriptional activity. Reducing Gli3R expression levels through activation of Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) signaling also is sufficient to activate β-catenin transcriptional activity, suggesting that the ternary complex, Gli3R·α-catenin·β-catenin, mediates Ihh-dependent activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in articular chondrocytes. Collectively, this study shows that α-catenin functions as a nuclear factor that recruits the transcriptional repressor Gli3R to β-catenin to inhibit β-catenin transcriptional activity and dedifferentiation of articular chondrocytes. Finally, osteoarthritic cartilage showed elevated levels of β-catenin and decreased levels of α-catenin and Gli3R, suggesting that decreased levels of α-catenin and Gli3R levels contribute to increased β-catenin transcriptional activity during osteoarthritic cartilage destruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinseol Rhee
- Cell Dynamics Research Center and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Thomas RS, Clarke AR, Duance VC, Blain EJ. Effects of Wnt3A and mechanical load on cartilage chondrocyte homeostasis. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13:R203. [PMID: 22151902 PMCID: PMC3334656 DOI: 10.1186/ar3536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Articular cartilage functions in withstanding mechanical loads and provides a lubricating surface for frictionless movement of joints. Osteoarthritis, characterised by cartilage degeneration, develops due to the progressive erosion of structural integrity and eventual loss of functional performance. Osteoarthritis is a multi-factorial disorder; two important risk factors are abnormal mechanical load and genetic predisposition. A single nucleotide polymorphism analysis demonstrated an association of hip osteoarthritis with an Arg324Gly substitution mutation in FrzB, a Wnt antagonist. The purpose of this study was two-fold: to assess whether mechanical stimulation modulates β-catenin signalling and catabolic gene expression in articular chondrocytes, and further to investigate whether there is an interplay of mechanical load and Wnt signalling in mediating a catabolic response. Methods Chondrocytes were pre-stimulated with recombinant Wnt3A for 24 hours prior to the application of tensile strain (7.5%, 1 Hz) for 30 minutes. Activation of Wnt signalling, via β-catenin nuclear translocation and downstream effects including the transcriptional activation of c-jun, c-fos and Lef1, markers of chondrocyte phenotype (type II collagen (col2a1), aggrecan (acan), SOX9) and catabolic genes (MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5) were assessed. Results Physiological tensile strain induced col2a1, acan and SOX9 transcription. Load-induced acan and SOX9 expression were repressed in the presence of Wnt3A. Load induced partial β-catenin nuclear translocation; there was an additive effect of load and Wnt3A on β-catenin distribution, with both extensive localisation in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Immediate early response (c-jun) and catabolic genes (MMP3, ADAMTS-4) were up-regulated in Wnt3A stimulated chondrocytes. With load and Wnt3A there was an additive up-regulation of c-fos, MMP3 and ADAMTS-4 transcription, whereas there was a synergistic interplay on c-jun, Lef1 and ADAMTS-5 transcription. Conclusion Our data suggest that load and Wnt, in combination, can repress transcription of chondrocyte matrix genes, whilst enhancing expression of catabolic mediators. Future studies will investigate the respective roles of abnormal loading and genetic predisposition in mediating cartilage degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhian S Thomas
- Welsh School of Pharmacy, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hong EH, Yun HS, Kim J, Um HD, Lee KH, Kang CM, Lee SJ, Chun JS, Hwang SG. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase is essential for interleukin-1beta-mediated dedifferentiation of articular chondrocytes via SIRT1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) complex signaling. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:28619-31. [PMID: 21697093 PMCID: PMC3151103 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.219832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although much is known about interleukin (IL)-1β and its role as a key mediator of cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis, only limited information is available on IL-1β signaling in chondrocyte dedifferentiation. Here, we have characterized the molecular mechanisms leading to the dedifferentiation of primary cultured articular chondrocytes by IL-1β treatment. IL-1β or lipopolysaccharide, but not phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, retinoic acid, or epidermal growth factor, induced nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) expression, showing the association of inflammatory cytokines with NAMPT regulation. SIRT1, in turn, was activated NAMPT-dependently, without any alteration in the expression level. Activation or inhibition of SIRT1 oppositevely regulates IL-1β-mediated chondrocyte dedifferentiation, suggesting this protein as a key regulator of chondrocytes phenotype. SIRT1 activation promotes induction of ERK and p38 kinase activities, but not JNK, in response to IL-1β. Subsequently, ERK and p38 kinase activated by SIRT1 also induce SIRT1 activation, forming a positive feedback loop to sustain downstream signaling of these kinases. Moreover, we found that the SIRT1-ERK complex, but not SIRT1-p38, is engaged in IL-1β-induced chondrocyte dedifferentiation via a Sox-9-mediated mechanism. JNK is activated by IL-1β and modulates dedifferentiation of chondrocytes, but this pathway is independent on NAMPT-SIRT1 signaling. Based on these findings, we propose that IL-1β induces dedifferentiation of articular chondrocytes by up-regulation of SIRT1 activity enhanced by both NAMPT and ERK signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hee Hong
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
- the Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea, and
| | - Hong Shik Yun
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
- the Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea, and
| | - Jongdoo Kim
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
| | - Kee-Ho Lee
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- the Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- the Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea, and
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- the Department of Life Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|