1
|
Arce NA, Markham-Lee Z, Liang Q, Najmudin S, Legan ER, Dean G, Su AJ, Wilson MS, Sidonio RF, Lollar P, Emsley J, Li R. Conformational activation and inhibition of von Willebrand factor by targeting its autoinhibitory module. Blood 2024; 143:1992-2004. [PMID: 38290109 PMCID: PMC11103182 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Activation of von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a tightly controlled process governed primarily by local elements around its A1 domain. Recent studies suggest that the O-glycosylated sequences flanking the A1 domain constitute a discontinuous and force-sensitive autoinhibitory module (AIM), although its extent and conformation remains controversial. Here, we used a targeted screening strategy to identify 2 groups of nanobodies. One group, represented by clone 6D12, is conformation insensitive and binds the N-terminal AIM (NAIM) sequence that is distal from A1; 6D12 activates human VWF and induces aggregation of platelet-rich plasma at submicromolar concentrations. The other group, represented by clones Nd4 and Nd6, is conformation sensitive and targets the C-terminal AIM (CAIM). Nd4 and Nd6 inhibit ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation and reduce VWF-mediated platelet adhesion under flow. A crystal structure of Nd6 in complex with AIM-A1 shows a novel conformation of both CAIM and NAIM that are primed to interact, providing a model of steric hindrance stabilized by the AIM as the mechanism for regulating GPIbα binding to VWF. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analysis shows that binding of 6D12 induces the exposure of the GPIbα-binding site in the A1 domain, but binding of inhibitory nanobodies reduces it. Overall, these results suggest that the distal portion of NAIM is involved in specific interactions with CAIM, and binding of nanobodies to the AIM could either disrupt its conformation to activate VWF or stabilize its conformation to upkeep VWF autoinhibition. These reported nanobodies could facilitate future studies of VWF functions and related pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Arce
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Zoe Markham-Lee
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Qian Liang
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shabir Najmudin
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Emily R. Legan
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Gabrielle Dean
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ally J. Su
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Moriah S. Wilson
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Robert F. Sidonio
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Pete Lollar
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jonas Emsley
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amaya-Espinosa H, Alexander-Katz A, Aponte-Santamaría C. The interplay between adsorption and aggregation of von Willebrand factor chains in shear flows. Biophys J 2023; 122:3831-3842. [PMID: 37537863 PMCID: PMC10560680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a giant extracellular glycoprotein that carries out a key adhesive function during primary hemostasis. Upon vascular injury and triggered by the shear of flowing blood, VWF establishes specific interactions with several molecular partners in order to anchor platelets to collagen on the exposed subendothelial surface. VWF also interacts with itself to form aggregates that, adsorbed on the surface, provide more anchor sites for the platelets. However, the interplay between elongation and subsequent exposure of cryptic binding sites, self-association, and adsorption on the surface remained unclear for VWF. In particular, the role of shear flow in these three processes is not well understood. In this study, we address these questions by using Brownian dynamics simulations at a coarse-grained level of resolution. We considered a system consisting of multiple VWF-like self-interacting chains that also interact with a surface under a shear flow. By a systematic analysis, we reveal that chain-chain and chain-surface interactions coexist nontrivially to modulate the spontaneous adsorption of VWF and the posterior immobilization of secondary tethered chains. Accordingly, these interactions tune VWF's extension and its propensity to form shear-assisted functional adsorbed aggregates. Our data highlight the collective behavior VWF self-interacting chains have when bound to the surface, distinct from that of isolated or flowing chains. Furthermore, we show that the extension and the exposure to solvent have a similar dependence on shear flow, at a VWF-monomer level of resolution. Overall, our results highlight the complex interplay that exists between adsorption, cohesion, and shear forces and their relevance for the adhesive hemostatic function of VWF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helman Amaya-Espinosa
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational Biophysics, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alfredo Alexander-Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Camilo Aponte-Santamaría
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational Biophysics, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; Molecular Biomechanics Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Legan ER, Liu Y, Arce NA, Parker ET, Lollar P, Zhang XF, Li R. Type 2B von Willebrand disease mutations differentially perturb autoinhibition of the A1 domain. Blood 2023; 141:1221-1232. [PMID: 36580664 PMCID: PMC10023833 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD) is an inherited bleeding disorder in which a subset of point mutations in the von Willebrand factor (VWF) A1 domain and recently identified autoinhibitory module (AIM) cause spontaneous binding to glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) on the platelet surface. All reported type 2B VWD mutations share this enhanced binding; however, type 2B VWD manifests as variable bleeding complications and platelet levels in patients, depending on the underlying mutation. Understanding how these mutations localizing to a similar region can result in such disparate patient outcomes is essential for detailing our understanding of VWF regulatory and activation mechanisms. In this study, we produced recombinant glycosylated AIM-A1 fragments bearing type 2B VWD mutations and examined how each mutation affects the A1 domain's thermodynamic stability, conformational dynamics, and biomechanical regulation of the AIM. We found that the A1 domain with mutations associated with severe bleeding occupy a higher affinity state correlating with enhanced flexibility in the secondary GPIbα-binding sites. Conversely, mutation P1266L, associated with normal platelet levels, has similar proportions of high-affinity molecules to wild-type (WT) but shares regions of solvent accessibility with both WT and other type 2B VWD mutations. V1316M exhibited exceptional instability and solvent exposure compared with all variants. Lastly, examination of the mechanical stability of each variant revealed variable AIM unfolding. Together, these studies illustrate that the heterogeneity among type 2B VWD mutations is evident in AIM-A1 fragments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Legan
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Nicholas A. Arce
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ernest T. Parker
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Pete Lollar
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - X. Frank Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Javitt G, Yeshaya N, Khmelnitsky L, Fass D. Assembly of von Willebrand factor tubules with in vivo helical parameters requires A1 domain insertion. Blood 2022; 140:2835-2843. [PMID: 36179246 PMCID: PMC10653096 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The von Willebrand factor (VWF) glycoprotein is stored in tubular form in Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) before secretion from endothelial cells into the bloodstream. The organization of VWF in the tubules promotes formation of covalently linked VWF polymers and enables orderly secretion without polymer tangling. Recent studies have described the high-resolution structure of helical tubular cores formed in vitro by the D1D2 and D'D3 amino-terminal protein segments of VWF. Here we show that formation of tubules with the helical geometry observed for VWF in intracellular WPBs requires also the VWA1 (A1) domain. We reconstituted VWF tubules from segments containing the A1 domain and discovered it to be inserted between helical turns of the tubule, altering helical parameters and explaining the increased robustness of tubule formation when A1 is present. The conclusion from this observation is that the A1 domain has a direct role in VWF assembly, along with its known activity in hemostasis after secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Javitt
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Yeshaya
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lev Khmelnitsky
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Deborah Fass
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen PC, Kutzki F, Mojzisch A, Simon B, Xu ER, Aponte-Santamaría C, Horny K, Jeffries C, Schneppenheim R, Wilmanns M, Brehm MA, Gräter F, Hennig J. Structure and dynamics of the von Willebrand Factor C6 domain. J Struct Biol 2022; 214:107923. [PMID: 36410652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2022.107923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a bleeding disorder with different levels of severity. VWD-associated mutations are located in the von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene, coding for the large multidomain plasma protein VWF with essential roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. On the one hand, a variety of mutations in the C-domains of VWF are associated with increased bleeding upon vascular injury. On the other hand, VWF gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the C4 domain have recently been identified, which induce an increased risk of myocardial infarction. Mechanistic insights into how these mutations affect the molecular behavior of VWF are scarce and holistic approaches are challenging due to the multidomain and multimeric character of this large protein. Here, we determine the structure and dynamics of the C6 domain and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variant G2705R in C6 by combining nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulations and aggregometry. Our findings indicate that this mutation mostly destabilizes VWF by leading to a more pronounced hinging between both subdomains of C6. Hemostatic parameters of variant G2705R are close to normal under static conditions, but the missense mutation results in a gain-of-function under flow conditions, due to decreased VWF stem stability. Together with the fact that two C4 variants also exhibit GOF characteristics, our data underline the importance of the VWF stem region in VWF's hemostatic activity and the risk of mutation-associated prothrombotic properties in VWF C-domain variants due to altered stem dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chia Chen
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Kutzki
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Mojzisch
- Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Simon
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emma-Ruoqi Xu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Camilo Aponte-Santamaría
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Horny
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cy Jeffries
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schneppenheim
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wilmanns
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria A Brehm
- Department of Digital Health Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Siegen, Am Eichenhang 50, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Frauke Gräter
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, INF 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Janosch Hennig
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Chair of Biochemistry IV, Biophysical Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koh E, Kim U, Cho HS. Catalytic DxD motif caged in Asx-turn and Met-aromatic interaction attenuates the pathogenic glycosylation of SseK2/NleB2 effectors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19288. [PMID: 36369343 PMCID: PMC9652389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria encode virulent glycosyltransferases that conjugate various glycans onto host crucial proteins, which allows adhesion to mammalian cells and modulates host cellular processes for pathogenesis. Escherichia coli NleB1, Citrobacter rodentium NleB, and Salmonella enterica SseK1/3 type III effectors fatally glycosyltransfer N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) from UDP-GlcNAc to arginine residues of death domain-containing proteins that regulate host inflammation, intra-bacterial proteins, and themselves, whose post-translational modification disrupts host immune functions and prolongs bacterial viability inside host cells. However, unlike the similar NleB1/SseK1/SseK3, E. coli NleB2 and S. enterica SseK2 show deficient GlcNAcylation and neither intra-bacterial glycosylation nor auto-glycosylation. Here, as the major factor in SseK2/NleB2 deficiency, we focused on the catalytic Asp-x-Asp (DxD) motif conserved throughout all O-/N-glycosyltransferases to coordinate Mn2+. All DxD motifs in apo-glycosyltransferases form Type-I-turns for binding Mn2+, similar to the ligand-bound DxD motif, whereas TcnA/SseK2/NleB2 DxD motifs form Asx-turns, which are unable to bind Mn2+. Interestingly, methionine of the NleB2 DMD motif forms triple Met-aromatic interactions, as found in age-associated diseases and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand-receptor complexes. The NleB1 A222M mutation induces triple Met-aromatic interactions to steeply attenuate glycosylation activity to 3% of that in the wild type. Thus, the characteristic conformation of the DxD motif is essential for binding Mn2+, donors, and glycosylate targets. This explains why SseK2/NleB2 effectors with the DxD motif caged in the Asp-/Asn-turn (Asx-turn) and triple Met-aromatic interactions have lower glycosyltransferase activity than that of other fatal NleB1/SseK1/SseK3 toxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunhee Koh
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Uijin Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dib F, Quéméner A, Bayart S, Boisseau P, Babuty A, Trossaërt M, Sigaud M, Ternisien C, Drillaud N, Eveillard M, Guillet B, Béné MC, Fouassier M. Biological, clinical features and modelling of heterozygous variants of glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha (GP1BA) and glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit beta (GP1BB) genes responsible for constitutional thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2022; 199:744-753. [PMID: 36173017 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Constitutional thrombocytopenias are rare disorders, often difficult to discriminate from acquired thrombocytopenias. More than 80 genes have been described as being at the origin of these diseases. Among them, several variants of the glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha (GP1BA) and glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit beta (GP1BB) genes, coding for the GpIb-IX-V glycoprotein complex, have been reported in the literature. The study reported here aimed at describing newly identified monoallelic anomalies affecting the GP1BA and GP1BB genes on a clinical, biological and molecular level. In a cohort of nine patients with macrothrombocytopenia, eight heterozygous variants of the GP1BA or GP1BB genes were identified. Five of them had never been described in the heterozygous state. Computer modelling disclosed structure/function relationships of these five variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Dib
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Agnès Quéméner
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | | | - Pierre Boisseau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Babuty
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CRC-MH, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marc Trossaërt
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CRC-MH, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marianne Sigaud
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CRC-MH, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Ternisien
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CRC-MH, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Drillaud
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CRC-MH, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Eveillard
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Benoit Guillet
- CRC-MH, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Marie C Béné
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Marc Fouassier
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CRC-MH, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sandoval‐Pérez A, Mejía‐Restrepo V, Aponte‐Santamaría C. Thermodynamic stabilization of von Willebrand factor
A1
domain induces protein loss of function. Proteins 2022; 90:2058-2066. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.26397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Sandoval‐Pérez
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational Biophysics Universidad de Los Andes Bogotá Colombia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao YC, Li Z, Ju LA. The soluble N-terminal autoinhibitory module of the A1 domain in von Willebrand factor partially suppresses its catch bond with glycoprotein Ibα in a sandwich complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14857-14865. [PMID: 35698887 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01581a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) senses and responds to the hemodynamic forces to interact with the circulatory system and platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis. The dark side of this mechanobiology is implicated in atherothrombosis, stroke, and, more recently, the COVID-19 thrombotic symptoms. The force-responsive element controlling VWF activation predominantly resides in the N terminal auto-inhibitory module (N-AIM) flanking its A1 domain. Nevertheless, the detailed mechano-chemistry of soluble VWF N-AIM is poorly understood at the sub-molecular level as it is assumed to be unstructured loops. Using the free molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we first predicted a hairpin-like structure of the soluble A1 N-AIM derived polypeptide (Lp; sequences Q1238-E1260). Then we combined molecular docking and steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations to examine how Lp regulates the A1-GPIbα interaction under tensile forces. Our simulation results indicate that Lp suppresses the catch bond in a sandwich complex of A1-Lp-GPIbα yet contributes an additional catch-bond residue D1249. To experimentally benchmark the binding kinetics for A1-GPIbα in the absence or presence of Lp, we conducted the force spectroscopy-biomembrane force probe (BFP) assays. We found similar suppression on the A1-GPIbα catch bond with soluble Lp in presence. Clinically, as more and more therapeutic candidates targeting the A1-GPIbα axis have entered clinical trials to treat patients with TTP and acute coronary syndrome, our work represents an endeavor further towards an effective anti-thrombotic approach without severe bleeding side effects as most existing drugs suffer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunduo Charles Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia. .,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Zhenhai Li
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia. .,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia.,The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.,Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bonazza K, Iacob RE, Hudson NE, Li J, Lu C, Engen JR, Springer TA. Von Willebrand factor A1 domain stability and affinity for GPIbα are differentially regulated by its O-glycosylated N- and C-linker. eLife 2022; 11:75760. [PMID: 35532124 PMCID: PMC9084892 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemostasis in the arterial circulation is mediated by binding of the A1 domain of the ultralong protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) to GPIbα on platelets to form a platelet plug. A1 is activated by tensile force on VWF concatemers imparted by hydrodynamic drag force. The A1 core is protected from force-induced unfolding by a long-range disulfide that links cysteines near its N- and C-termini. The O-glycosylated linkers between A1 and its neighboring domains, which transmit tensile force to A1, are reported to regulate A1 activation for binding to GPIb, but the mechanism is controversial and incompletely defined. Here, we study how these linkers, and their polypeptide and O-glycan moieties, regulate A1 affinity by measuring affinity, kinetics, thermodynamics, hydrogen deuterium exchange (HDX), and unfolding by temperature and urea. The N-linker lowers A1 affinity 40-fold with a stronger contribution from its O-glycan than polypeptide moiety. The N-linker also decreases HDX in specific regions of A1 and increases thermal stability and the energy gap between its native state and an intermediate state, which is observed in urea-induced unfolding. The C-linker also decreases affinity of A1 for GPIbα, but in contrast to the N-linker, has no significant effect on HDX or A1 stability. Among different models for A1 activation, our data are consistent with the model that the intermediate state has high affinity for GPIbα, which is induced by tensile force physiologically and regulated allosterically by the N-linker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Bonazza
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Roxana E Iacob
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
| | - Nathan E Hudson
- Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Chafen Lu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - John R Engen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
| | - Timothy A Springer
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Helical self-assembly of a mucin segment suggests an evolutionary origin for von Willebrand factor tubules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2116790119. [PMID: 35377815 PMCID: PMC9169620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116790119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular proteins with mechanical functions often require specialized assembly processes to form covalent oligomers. Progress in tissue bioengineering and repair will benefit from an understanding of how to harness and manipulate these processes. Here, we show that a particular supramolecular assembly mode was pre-encoded in the ancient domain organization common to gel-forming mucins and von Willebrand factor, glycoproteins that are deceptively different due to their divergence for distinct mechanical tasks. This finding highlights symmetry principles and building blocks retooled in nature to construct polymers with wide-ranging properties. These building blocks and knowledge of their self-assembly can be used to design new polymeric structures. The glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) contributes to hemostasis by stanching injuries in blood vessel walls. A distinctive feature of VWF is its assembly into long, helical tubules in endothelial cells prior to secretion. When VWF is released into the bloodstream, these tubules unfurl to release linear polymers that bind subendothelial collagen at wound sites, recruit platelets, and initiate the clotting cascade. VWF evolved from gel-forming mucins, the polymeric glycoproteins that coat and protect exposed epithelia. Despite the divergent function of VWF in blood vessel repair, sequence conservation and shared domain organization imply that VWF retained key aspects of the mucin bioassembly mechanism. Here, we show using cryo-electron microscopy that the ability to form tubules, a property hitherto thought to have arisen as a VWF adaptation to the vasculature, is a feature of the amino-terminal region of mucin. This segment of the human intestinal gel-forming mucin (MUC2) was found to self-assemble into tubules with a striking resemblance to those of VWF itself. To facilitate a comparison, we determined the residue-resolution structure of tubules formed by the homologous segment of VWF. The structures of the MUC2 and VWF tubules revealed the flexible joints and the intermolecular interactions required for tubule formation. Steric constraints in full-length MUC2 suggest that linear filaments, a previously observed supramolecular assembly form, are more likely than tubules to be the physiological mucin storage intermediate. Nevertheless, MUC2 tubules indicate a possible evolutionary origin for VWF tubules and elucidate design principles present in mucins and VWF.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bendas G, Schlesinger M. The GPIb-IX complex on platelets: insight into its novel physiological functions affecting immune surveillance, hepatic thrombopoietin generation, platelet clearance and its relevance for cancer development and metastasis. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:19. [PMID: 35366951 PMCID: PMC8976409 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX complex is a platelet receptor that mediates the initial interaction with subendothelial von Willebrand factor (VWF) causing platelet arrest at sites of vascular injury even under conditions of high shear. GPIb-IX dysfunction or deficiency is the reason for the rare but severe Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), a congenital bleeding disorder. Although knowledge on GPIb-IX structure, its basic functions, ligands, and intracellular signaling cascades have been well established, several advances in GPIb-IX biology have been made in the recent years. Thus, two mechanosensitive domains and a trigger sequence in GPIb were characterized and its role as a thrombin receptor was deciphered. Furthermore, it became clear that GPIb-IX is involved in the regulation of platelet production, clearance and thrombopoietin secretion. GPIb is deemed to contribute to liver cancer development and metastasis. This review recapitulates these novel findings highlighting GPIb-IX in its multiple functions as a key for immune regulation, host defense, and liver cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Bendas
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlesinger
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany. .,Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen R, Zheng S, Zhang L. Development of antithrombotic peptides based on the molecular interactions between von Willebrand factor and GPIbα. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22670-22678. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Binding of platelets on vascular endothelia at the damaged site using von Willebrand factor (vWF) as a bridge is of great significance for platelet adhesion and subsequent arterial thrombosis. Molecular...
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao YC, Wang H, Wang Y, Lou J, Ju LA. The N-terminal autoinhibitory module of the A1 domain in von Willebrand factor stabilizes the mechanosensor catch bond. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:707-720. [PMID: 35755187 PMCID: PMC9175105 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-AIM of VWF-A1 forms a Rotini-like structure, therefore partially autoinhibit VWF-A1–GPIbα interaction. The N-AIM acts as a defending sword to protect and stabilize the VWF-A1 structure under harsh environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunduo Charles Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Haoqing Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Cellular and Genetic Medicine Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jizhong Lou
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li BX, Dai X, Xu XR, Adili R, Neves MAD, Lei X, Shen C, Zhu G, Wang Y, Zhou H, Hou Y, Ni T, Pasman Y, Yang Z, Qian F, Zhao Y, Gao Y, Liu J, Teng M, Marshall AH, Cerenzia EG, Li ML, Ni H. In vitro assessment and phase I randomized clinical trial of anfibatide a snake venom derived anti-thrombotic agent targeting human platelet GPIbα. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11663. [PMID: 34083615 PMCID: PMC8175443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of platelet GPIbα with von Willebrand factor (VWF) is essential to initiate platelet adhesion and thrombosis, particularly under high shear stress conditions. However, no drug targeting GPIbα has been developed for clinical practice. Here we characterized anfibatide, a GPIbα antagonist purified from snake (Deinagkistrodon acutus) venom, and evaluated its interaction with GPIbα by surface plasmon resonance and in silico modeling. We demonstrated that anfibatide interferds with both VWF and thrombin binding, inhibited ristocetin/botrocetin- and low-dose thrombin-induced human platelet aggregation, and decreased thrombus volume and stability in blood flowing over collagen. In a single-center, randomized, and open-label phase I clinical trial, anfibatide was administered intravenously to 94 healthy volunteers either as a single dose bolus, or a bolus followed by a constant rate infusion of anfibatide for 24 h. Anfibatide inhibited VWF-mediated platelet aggregation without significantly altering bleeding time or coagulation. The inhibitory effects disappeared within 8 h after drug withdrawal. No thrombocytopenia or anti-anfibatide antibodies were detected, and no serious adverse events or allergic reactions were observed during the studies. Therefore, anfibatide was well-tolerated among healthy subjects. Interestingly, anfibatide exhibited pharmacologic effects in vivo at concentrations thousand-fold lower than in vitro, a phenomenon which deserves further investigation.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01588132.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Xiaoyi Li
- Lee's Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited, 1/F, Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Zhaoke Pharmaceutical Co. Limited, Hefei, China.
| | - Xiangrong Dai
- Lee's Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited, 1/F, Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR, China.,Zhaoke Pharmaceutical Co. Limited, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohong Ruby Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Reheman Adili
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Miguel Antonio Dias Neves
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xi Lei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chuanbin Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Guangheng Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yan Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tiffany Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yfke Pasman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Fang Qian
- Zhaoke Pharmaceutical Co. Limited, Hefei, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Wannan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Maikun Teng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Alexandra H Marshall
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric G Cerenzia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mandy Lokyee Li
- Lee's Pharmaceutical Holdings Limited, 1/F, Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,St. Michael's Hospital, Room 421, LKSKI-Keenan Research Centre, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arce NA, Cao W, Brown AK, Legan ER, Wilson MS, Xu ER, Berndt MC, Emsley J, Zhang XF, Li R. Activation of von Willebrand factor via mechanical unfolding of its discontinuous autoinhibitory module. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2360. [PMID: 33883551 PMCID: PMC8060278 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) activates in response to shear flow to initiate hemostasis, while aberrant activation could lead to thrombosis. Above a critical shear force, the A1 domain of VWF becomes activated and captures platelets via the GPIb-IX complex. Here we show that the shear-responsive element controlling VWF activation resides in the discontinuous autoinhibitory module (AIM) flanking A1. Application of tensile force in a single-molecule setting induces cooperative unfolding of the AIM to expose A1. The AIM-unfolding force is lowered by truncating either N- or C-terminal AIM region, type 2B VWD mutations, or binding of a ristocetin-mimicking monoclonal antibody, all of which could activate A1. Furthermore, the AIM is mechanically stabilized by the nanobody that comprises caplacizumab, the only FDA-approved anti-thrombotic drug to-date that targets VWF. Thus, the AIM is a mechano-regulator of VWF activity. Its conformational dynamics may define the extent of VWF autoinhibition and subsequent activation under force. Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a large glycoprotein in the blood secreted from endothelial cells lining the blood vessel and activation of VWF leads to formation of VWF-platelet complexes or thrombi. Here authors use single-molecule force measurement, X-ray crystallography and functional measurements to monitor the activation of VWF via mechanical unfolding of the autoinhibitory module (AIM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Arce
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wenpeng Cao
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Alexander K Brown
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emily R Legan
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Moriah S Wilson
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emma-Ruoqi Xu
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Michael C Berndt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jonas Emsley
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - X Frank Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Quach ME, Li R. Structure-function of platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:3131-3141. [PMID: 32735697 PMCID: PMC7854888 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX receptor complex plays a critical role in platelet physiology and pathology. Its interaction with von Willebrand factor (VWF) on the subendothelial matrix instigates platelet arrest at the site of vascular injury and is vital to primary hemostasis. Its reception to other ligands and counter-receptors in the bloodstream also contribute to various processes of platelet biology that are still being discovered. While its basic composition and its link to congenital bleeding disorders were well documented and firmly established more than 25 years ago, recent years have witnessed critical advances in the organization, dynamics, activation, regulation, and functions of the GPIb-IX complex. This review summarizes important findings and identifies questions that remain about this unique platelet mechanoreceptor complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Edward Quach
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
K. Poddar M, Banerjee S. Molecular Aspects of Pathophysiology of Platelet Receptors. Platelets 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Receptor is a dynamic instrumental surface protein that helps to interact with specific molecules to respond accordingly. Platelet is the smallest in size among the blood components, but it plays many pivotal roles to maintain hemostasis involving its surface receptors. It (platelet) has cell adhesion receptors (e.g., integrins and glycoproteins), leucine-rich repeats receptors (e.g., TLRs, glycoprotein complex, and MMPs), selectins (e.g., CLEC, P-selectin, and CD), tetraspanins (e.g., CD and LAMP), transmembrane receptors (e.g., purinergic—P2Y and P2X1), prostaglandin receptors (e.g., TxA2, PGH2, and PGI2), immunoglobulin superfamily receptors (e.g., FcRγ and FcεR), etc. on its surface. The platelet receptors (e.g., glycoproteins, protease-activated receptors, and GPCRs) during platelet activation are over expressed and their granule contents are secreted (including neurotransmitters, cytokines, and chemokines) into circulation, which are found to be correlated with different physiological conditions. Interestingly, platelets promote metastasis through circulation protecting from cytolysis and endogenous immune surveillance involving several platelets receptors. The updated knowledge about different types of platelet receptors in all probable aspects, including their inter- and intra-signaling mechanisms, are discussed with respect to not only its (platelets) receptor type but also under different pathophysiological conditions.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sandoval-Pérez A, Berger RML, Garaizar A, Farr SE, Brehm MA, König G, Schneider SW, Collepardo-Guevara R, Huck V, Rädler JO, Aponte-Santamaría C. DNA binds to a specific site of the adhesive blood-protein von Willebrand factor guided by electrostatic interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:7333-7344. [PMID: 32496552 PMCID: PMC7367192 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils release their intracellular content, DNA included, into the bloodstream to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that confine and kill circulating pathogens. The mechanosensitive adhesive blood protein, von Willebrand Factor (vWF), interacts with the extracellular DNA of NETs to potentially immobilize them during inflammatory and coagulatory conditions. Here, we elucidate the previously unknown molecular mechanism governing the DNA–vWF interaction by integrating atomistic, coarse-grained, and Brownian dynamics simulations, with thermophoresis, gel electrophoresis, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), and microfluidic experiments. We demonstrate that, independently of its nucleotide sequence, double-stranded DNA binds to a specific helix of the vWF A1 domain, via three arginines. This interaction is attenuated by increasing the ionic strength. Our FCS and microfluidic measurements also highlight the key role shear-stress has in enabling this interaction. Our simulations attribute the previously-observed platelet-recruitment reduction and heparin-size modulation, upon establishment of DNA–vWF interactions, to indirect steric hindrance and partial overlap of the binding sites, respectively. Overall, we suggest electrostatics—guiding DNA to a specific protein binding site—as the main driving force defining DNA–vWF recognition. The molecular picture of a key shear-mediated DNA–protein interaction is provided here and it constitutes the basis for understanding NETs-mediated immune and hemostatic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Sandoval-Pérez
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational Biophysics, University of Los Andes, Cra. 1, 18A-12, 111711, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ricarda M L Berger
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Adiran Garaizar
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Stephen E Farr
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Maria A Brehm
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gesa König
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan W Schneider
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rosana Collepardo-Guevara
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.,Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Volker Huck
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim O Rädler
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Camilo Aponte-Santamaría
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational Biophysics, University of Los Andes, Cra. 1, 18A-12, 111711, Bogotá, Colombia.,Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Structural basis of the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 I-domain interactions with the platelet glycoprotein Ib. Blood Adv 2020; 3:1450-1459. [PMID: 31053572 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018027011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-surface receptor interactions between leukocyte integrin macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1, also known as CR3, αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) and platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) are critical to vascular inflammation. To define the key residues at the binding interface, we used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to assign the spectra of the mouse Mac-1 I-domain and mapped the residues contacting the mouse GPIbα N-terminal domain (GPIbαN) to the locality of the integrin metal ion-dependant adhesion site (MIDAS) surface. We next determined the crystal structures of the mouse GPIbαN and Mac-1 I-domain to 2 Å and 2.5 Å resolution, respectively. The mouse Mac-1 I-domain crystal structure reveals an active conformation that is stabilized by a crystal contact from the α7-helix with a glutamate side chain completing the octahedral coordination sphere of the MIDAS Mg2+ ion. The amino acid sequence of the α7-helix and disposition of the glutamic acid matches the C-terminal capping region α-helix of GPIbα effectively acting as a ligand mimetic. Using these crystal structures in combination with NMR measurements and docking analysis, we developed a model whereby an acidic residue from the GPIbα leucine-rich repeat (LRR) capping α-helix coordinates directly to the Mac-1 MIDAS Mg2+ ion. The Mac-1:GPIbαN complex involves additional interactions consolidated by an elongated pocket flanking the GPIbαN LRR capping α-helix. The GPIbαN α-helix has an HxxxE motif, which is equivalent by homology to RxxxD from the human GPIbαN. Subsequent mutagenesis of residues at this interface, coupled with surface plasmon resonance studies, confirmed the importance of GPIbαN residues H218, E222, and the Mac-1 MIDAS residue T209 to formation of the complex.
Collapse
|
21
|
Tischer A, Machha VR, Moon-Tasson L, Auton M. Platelet-type von Willebrand disease: Local disorder of the platelet GPIbα β-switch drives high-affinity binding to von Willebrand factor. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:2022-2034. [PMID: 31448872 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the β-switch of GPIbα cause gain-of-function in the platelet-type von Willebrand disease. Structures of free and A1-bound GPIbα suggest that the β-switch undergoes a conformational change from a coil to a β-hairpin. OBJECTIVES Platelet-type von Willebrand disease (VWD) mutations have been proposed to stabilize the β-switch by shifting the equilibrium in favor of the β-hairpin, a hypothesis predicated on the assumption that the complex crystal structure between A1 and GPIbα is the high-affinity state. METHODS Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry is employed to test this hypothesis using G233V, M239V, G233V/M239V, W230L, and D235Y disease variants of GPIbα. If true, the expectation is a decrease in hydrogen-deuterium exchange within the β-switch as a result of newly formed hydrogen bonds between the β-strands of the β-hairpin. RESULTS Hydrogen-exchange is enhanced, indicating that the β-switch favors the disordered loop conformation. Hydrogen-exchange is corroborated by differential scanning calorimetry, which confirms that these mutations destabilize GPIbα by allowing the β-switch to dissociate from the leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) domain. The stability of GPIbα and its A1 binding affinity, determined by surface plasmon resonance, are correlated to the extent of hydrogen exchange in the β-switch. CONCLUSION These studies demonstrate that GPIbα with a disordered loop is binding-competent and support a mechanism in which local disorder in the β-switch exposes the LRR-domain of GPIbα enabling high-affinity interactions with the A1 domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tischer
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Venkata R Machha
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laurie Moon-Tasson
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew Auton
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ngo T, Kim K, Bian Y, Nam G, Park HJ, Lee K, Cho GS, Ryu JM, Lim KM, Chung JH. Antithrombotic effect of SP-8008, a benzoic acid derivative, through the selective inhibition of shear stress-induced platelet aggregation. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:929-944. [PMID: 31648364 PMCID: PMC7024737 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Bleeding is one of the most critical adverse effects of antithrombotic drugs, and many efforts have been made to discover novel antiplatelet agents without bleeding complications. Shear stress‐induced platelet aggregation (SIPA), where the interaction of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib constitutes the initial step, is a promising target to overcome bleeding problems, as SIPA occurs only in pathological conditions. Here, we describe SP‐8008, a novel modulator of vWF–GP Ib interactions and evaluated its antiplatelet/antithrombotic effects. Experimental Approach Newly synthesized compounds were screened for antiplatelet effects in vitro, using human platelets exposed to high shear stress. Aggregation, intracellular calcium level, granule secretion, and integrin activation were assessed. Molecular modelling using virtual docking and flow cytometry were used to evaluate effects on vWF–GP Ib interactions. Antithrombotic effects in vivo were determined in rats, using arterial thrombosis and shear stress‐specific thrombosis. Transection tail bleeding time was used to evaluate adverse effects. Key Results SP‐8008 was a potent inhibitor of SIPA, with IC50 of 1.44 ± 0.09 μM. SP‐8008 effectively and broadly blocked shear stress‐induced platelet activation events, without any significant toxicity. Importantly, SP‐8008 was highly selective against SIPA, effectively interfering with vWF–GP Ib engagement. Most importantly, SP‐8008 exerted significant antithrombotic effects in vivo in both shear stress‐specific and arterial thrombosis, without prolonging bleeding time. Conclusions and Implications Our results demonstrated that SP‐8008 can be a novel selective antiplatelet agent with improved safety profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thien Ngo
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keunyoung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yiying Bian
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gibeom Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kiho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Geum-Sil Cho
- Research Headquarters, Shin Poong Pharm. Co. Ltd., Ansan, Korea
| | - Jei-Man Ryu
- Research Headquarters, Shin Poong Pharm. Co. Ltd., Ansan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Matsushima N, Takatsuka S, Miyashita H, Kretsinger RH. Leucine Rich Repeat Proteins: Sequences, Mutations, Structures and Diseases. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:108-131. [PMID: 30526451 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666181208170027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the genes encoding Leucine Rich Repeat (LRR) containing proteins are associated with over sixty human diseases; these include high myopia, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, and Crohn's disease. These mutations occur frequently within the LRR domains and within the regions that shield the hydrophobic core of the LRR domain. The amino acid sequences of fifty-five LRR proteins have been published. They include Nod-Like Receptors (NLRs) such as NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRP14, and Nod-2, Small Leucine Rich Repeat Proteoglycans (SLRPs) such as keratocan, lumican, fibromodulin, PRELP, biglycan, and nyctalopin, and F-box/LRR-repeat proteins such as FBXL2, FBXL4, and FBXL12. For example, 363 missense mutations have been identified. Replacement of arginine, proline, or cysteine by another amino acid, or the reverse, is frequently observed. The diverse effects of the mutations are discussed based on the known structures of LRR proteins. These mutations influence protein folding, aggregation, oligomerization, stability, protein-ligand interactions, disulfide bond formation, and glycosylation. Most of the mutations cause loss of function and a few, gain of function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norio Matsushima
- Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Institute of Tandem Repeats, Noboribetsu 059-0464, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takatsuka
- Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miyashita
- Institute of Tandem Repeats, Noboribetsu 059-0464, Japan.,Hokubu Rinsho Co., Ltd, Sapporo 060-0061, Japan
| | - Robert H Kretsinger
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The interaction between methionine and two aromatic amino acids is an abundant and multifunctional motif in proteins. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 672:108053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
25
|
Wei W, Dong C, Morabito M, Cheng X, Zhang XF, Webb EB, Oztekin A. Coarse-Grain Modeling of Shear-Induced Binding between von Willebrand Factor and Collagen. Biophys J 2019; 114:1816-1829. [PMID: 29694861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a large multimeric protein that aids in blood clotting. Near injury sites, hydrodynamic force from increased blood flow elongates VWF, exposing binding sites for platelets and collagen. To investigate VWF binding to collagen that is exposed on injured arterial surfaces, Brownian dynamics simulations are performed with a coarse-grain molecular model. Accounting for hydrodynamic interactions in the presence of a stationary surface, shear flow conditions are modeled. Binding between beads in coarse-grain VWF and collagen sites on the surface is described via reversible ligand-receptor-type bond formation, which is governed via Bell model kinetics. For conditions in which binding is energetically favored, the model predicts a high probability for binding at low shear conditions; this is counter to experimental observations but in agreement with what prior modeling studies have revealed. To address this discrepancy, an additional binding criterion that depends on the conformation of a submonomer feature in the model local to a given VWF binding site is implemented. The modified model predicts shear-induced binding, in very good agreement with experimental observations; this is true even for conditions in which binding is significantly favored energetically. Biological implications of the model modification are discussed in terms of mechanisms of VWF activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics
| | - Chuqiao Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics
| | | | - Xuanhong Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - X Frank Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics; Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang Y, Fu H, Springer TA, Wong WP. Electrostatic Steering Enables Flow-Activated Von Willebrand Factor to Bind Platelet Glycoprotein, Revealed by Single-Molecule Stretching and Imaging. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:1380-1396. [PMID: 30797858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF), a large multimeric blood protein, senses changes in shear stress during bleeding and responds by binding platelets to plug ruptures in the vessel wall. Molecular mechanisms underlying this dynamic process are difficult to uncover using standard approaches due to the challenge of applying mechanical forces while monitoring structure and activity. By combining single-molecule fluorescence imaging with high-pressure, rapidly switching microfluidics, we reveal the key role of electrostatic steering in accelerating the binding between flow-activated VWF and GPIbα, and in rapidly immobilizing platelets under flow. We measure the elongation and tension-dependent activation of individual VWF multimers under a range of ionic strengths and pH levels, and find that the association rate is enhanced by 4 orders of magnitude by electrostatic steering. Under supraphysiologic salt concentrations, strong electrostatic screening dramatically decreases platelet binding to VWF in flow, revealing the critical role of electrostatic attraction in VWF-platelet binding during bleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hongxia Fu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Timothy A Springer
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Wesley P Wong
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The Glycoprotein Ib-IX-V Complex. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
28
|
Coller BS. Foreword: A Brief History of Ideas About Platelets in Health and Disease. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.09988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
29
|
Structure of von Willebrand factor A1 on polystyrene determined from experimental and calculated sum frequency generation spectra. Biointerphases 2018; 13:06E411. [PMID: 30551688 DOI: 10.1116/1.5056219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-clotting protein von Willebrand factor (vWF) can be activated by small molecules, high shear stress, and interactions with interfaces. It subsequently binds platelet receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) at the surface of platelets, thereby playing a crucial role in blood clotting due to platelet activation, which is an important process to consider in the design of cardiovascular implants and biomaterials used in blood-contacting applications. The influence of surfaces on the activation and the molecular-level structure of surface-bound vWF is largely unknown. Recent studies have indicated that when bound to hydrophobic polystyrene (PS), the A1 domain of vWF remains accessible for GPIbα binding. However, the detailed secondary structure and exact orientation of vWF A1 at the PS surface is still unresolved. Here, the authors resolve these features by studying the system with sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. The data are consistent with a scenario where vWF A1 maintains a native secondary structure when bound to PS. Comparison of experimental and calculated SFG spectra combined with previously reported time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry data suggests that A1 assumes an orientation with the GPIbα binding domain oriented away from the solid surface and exposed to the solution phase. This structural information will benefit future in vitro experiments with surface-adsorbed A1 domain and may have relevance for the design of novel blood-contacting biomaterials and wound-healing applications.
Collapse
|
30
|
Deng W, Voos KM, Colucci JK, Legan ER, Ortlund EA, Lollar P, Li R. Delimiting the autoinhibitory module of von Willebrand factor. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:2097-2105. [PMID: 30053340 PMCID: PMC6173635 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Essentials The self-inhibitory mechanism of von Willebrand factor (VWF) remains unclear. Residues flanking the A1 domain of VWF form a discontinuous autoinhibitory module (AIM). rVWF1238-1493 exhibited greater thermostability and inactivity than its shorter counterparts. The cooperative coupling between the N- and C- AIM regions are required for inhibiting A1. SUMMARY Background The hierarchical hemostasis response involves a self-inhibitory feature of von Willebrand factor (VWF) that has not been fully characterized. The residues flanking the A1 domain of VWF are important in this self-inhibition by forming an autoinhibitory module (AIM) that masks the A1 domain. Objectives To delimit the AIM sequence and to evaluate the cooperative interplay between the discontinuous AIM regions. Methods ELISA, flow cytometry, a thermal stability assay and hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry were used to characterize recombinant VWF A1 fragments varying in length. Results The longest A1 fragment (rVWF1238-1493 ) showed higher inactivity in binding the platelet receptor glycoprotein (GP) Ibα and greater thermostability than its shorter counterparts. The HDX results showed that most of the N-terminal residues and residues 1459-1478 at the C-terminus of rVWF1238-1493 have slower deuterium uptake than the residues in its denatured counterpart, implying that these residues may interact with the A1 domain. In contrast, residues 1479-1493 showed less difference from the denatured form, indicating that these residues are unlikely to be involved in binding the A1 domain. The A1 fragment that lacks either the entire C-terminal flanking region of the AIM (C-AIM), i.e. rVWF1238-1461 , or the entire N-terminal flanking region of the AIM (N-AIM), i.e. rVWF1271-1493 , showed high GPIbα-binding affinity and low thermostability, suggesting that removal of either N-terminal or C-terminal residues resulted in loss of AIM inhibition of the A1 domain. Conclusion The AIM is probably composed of residues 1238-1271 (N-AIM) and 1459-1478 (C-AIM). Neither the N-AIM nor the C-AIM alone could fully inhibit binding of the A1 domain to GPIbα.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kayleigh M. Voos
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jennifer K. Colucci
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Emily R. Legan
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Eric A. Ortlund
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Pete Lollar
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
14-3-3 proteins in platelet biology and glycoprotein Ib-IX signaling. Blood 2018; 131:2436-2448. [PMID: 29622550 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-742650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the 14-3-3 family of proteins function as adapters/modulators that recognize phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-based binding motifs in many intracellular proteins and play fundamental roles in signal transduction pathways of eukaryotic cells. In platelets, 14-3-3 plays a wide range of regulatory roles in phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathways, including G-protein signaling, cAMP signaling, agonist-induced phosphatidylserine exposure, and regulation of mitochondrial function. In particular, 14-3-3 interacts with several phosphoserine-dependent binding sites in the major platelet adhesion receptor, the glycoprotein Ib-IX complex (GPIb-IX), regulating its interaction with von Willebrand factor (VWF) and mediating VWF/GPIb-IX-dependent mechanosignal transduction, leading to platelet activation. The interaction of 14-3-3 with GPIb-IX also plays a critical role in enabling the platelet response to low concentrations of thrombin through cooperative signaling mediated by protease-activated receptors and GPIb-IX. The various functions of 14-3-3 in platelets suggest that it is a possible target for the treatment of thrombosis and inflammation.
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang C, Kelkar A, Nasirikenari M, Lau JT, Sveinsson M, Sharma UC, Pokharel S, Neelamegham S. The physical spacing between the von Willebrand factor D'D3 and A1 domains regulates platelet adhesion in vitro and in vivo. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:571-582. [PMID: 29251812 PMCID: PMC5826847 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Essentials The role of von Willebrand factor (VWF) domains in regulating platelet adhesion was studied in vivo. Multimeric VWF with spacers at the N- and C-terminus of VWF-A1 were systematically tested. N-terminal modified VWF avidly bound platelet GpIbα, causing VWD Type2B like phenotype in mice. Novel anti-D'D3 mAbs suggest that changes at the D'D3-A1 interface may be biologically relevant. SUMMARY Background Previous ex vivo studies using truncated VWF (von Willebrand factor) suggest that domain-level molecular architecture may control platelet-GpIbα binding function. Objective We determined if this is the case with multimeric VWF in vivo. Methods Full-length human VWF ('hV') was modified with a 22-amino acid mucinous stretch at either the N-terminus of VWF-A1 to create 'hNV' or C-terminus to yield 'hCV'. This extends the physical distance between VWF-A1 and the adjacent domains by ~6 nm. Similar mucin inserts were also introduced into a human-murine chimera ('h[mA1]V') where murine-A1 replaced human-A1 in hV. This yielded 'h[mA1]NV' and 'h[mA1]CV', with N- and C-terminal inserts. The constructs were tested ex vivo and in vivo. Results Mucin insertion at the N-terminus, but not C-terminus, in both types of constructs resulted in >50-fold increase in binding to immobilized GpIbα. N-terminal insertion also resulted in greater shear-induced platelet activation, more thrombus formation on collagen, enhanced platelet accumulation and slower platelet translocation on immobilized VWF in microfluidics assays. Hydrodynamic injection-based expression of h[mA1]NV, but not h[mA1]V or h[mA1]CV, in VWF-/- mice caused profound thrombocytopenia, reduced plasma VWF concentrations, lower multimer distribution, and incessant tail bleeding that is reminiscent of von Willebrand disease type 2B. Platelet plugs were noted in the portal veins and hepatic arteries. An anti-D'D3 mAb DD3.3 that displays enhanced binding to VWF containing the N-terminal mucin insert also exhibited increased binding to wild-type VWF under shear and upon ristocetin addition. Conclusion Conformation changes at the VWF D'D3-A1 interface may be a key regulator of thrombosis in vivo. Structural features at the A1-A2 interface are likely of less significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changjie Zhang
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Anju Kelkar
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Mehrab Nasirikenari
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Joseph T.Y. Lau
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Michele Sveinsson
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Umesh C. Sharma
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Saraswati Pokharel
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sriram Neelamegham
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Woods AI, Paiva J, Kempfer AC, Primrose DM, Blanco AN, Sanchez‐Luceros A, Lazzari MA. Combined effects of two mutations in von Willebrand disease 2M phenotype. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:162-167. [PMID: 30046717 PMCID: PMC5868045 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2M von Willebrand disease (VWD2M) is usually characterized by VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag<0.6 and normal multimeric profile; desmopressin (DDAVP) challenge test commonly shows poor response of VWF:RCo. OBJECTIVE We describe the bleeding tendency and the laboratory phenotype in a patient carrying two heterozygous mutations affecting VWF-A1 domain and VWF-A2 domain. SUBJECTS/METHODS A 12-year-old patient (O blood group) with severe hemorrhagic tendency was phenotypically and genotypically analyzed; his parents were also studied. RESULTS The proband showed decrease FVIII:C, VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag, and VWF:CB6/VWF:Ag ratios, but normal platelet count, VWF:CB1/VWF:Ag ratio, VWFpp and multimeric pattern, suggesting a VWD2M phenotype. The DDAVP challenge test, compared to controls (VWD2M patients with mutations in VWF-A1 domain), showed lower increase of FVIII:C and VWF:Ag than in heterozygous, but very similar to homozygous control. Two mutations were found in heterozygous and trans presentation: p.Pro1648fs*45 and a novel missense mutation, p.Arg1426Cys. The mother was p.Arg1426Cys heterozygous carrier, with few clinical symptoms. The father was asymptomatic, with no mutations. The p.Pro1648fs*45 was considered an apparent de novo mutation; proband's AS-PCR revealed mosaicism in the paternal allele. According to the predicted models, p.Arg1426Cys would not be affecting the binding of GPIbα to A1 domain, whereas p.Pro1648fs*45 seems to modify the folding of A2 domain, and in this way, it would affect the binding to GPIbα and type VI collagen. We believe that the combination of these two heterozygous mutations, in a child with O blood group, could result in a defective phenotype enhancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana I. Woods
- Laboratorio de Hemostasia y TrombosisIMEX‐CONICET‐Academia Nacional de MedicinaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Juvenal Paiva
- Departamento de Hemostasia y TrombosisInstituto de Investigaciones HematológicasAcademia Nacional de MedicinaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Ana C. Kempfer
- Laboratorio de Hemostasia y TrombosisIMEX‐CONICET‐Academia Nacional de MedicinaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Debora M. Primrose
- Facultad de Agronomía y Ciencias AgroalimentariasUniversidad de MorónBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Alicia N. Blanco
- Departamento de Hemostasia y TrombosisInstituto de Investigaciones HematológicasAcademia Nacional de MedicinaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Analía Sanchez‐Luceros
- Laboratorio de Hemostasia y TrombosisIMEX‐CONICET‐Academia Nacional de MedicinaBuenos AiresArgentina
- Departamento de Hemostasia y TrombosisInstituto de Investigaciones HematológicasAcademia Nacional de MedicinaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - María A. Lazzari
- Laboratorio de Hemostasia y TrombosisIMEX‐CONICET‐Academia Nacional de MedicinaBuenos AiresArgentina
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Enayat S, Ravanbod S, Rassoulzadegan M, Jazebi M, Tarighat S, Ala F, Emsley J, Othman M. A novel D235Y mutation in the GP1BA gene enhances platelet interaction with von Willebrand factor in an Iranian family with platelet-type von Willebrand disease. Thromb Haemost 2017; 108:946-54. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-04-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPlatelet-type von Willebrand disease (PT-VWD) is a rare bleeding disorder with an intrinsic defect in platelets rather than von Willebrand factor (VWF), but has clinical and laboratory features similar to the more common type 2B VWD. The intriguing nature of the pathophysiology and molecular genetics of PT-VWD has created lengthy debate in literature regarding its discrimination from type 2B VWD, and essentially confirming DNA analysis as the gold standard in diagnosis and revealing pathologic mutations. In this report we identify a novel Asp235Tyr mutation in the GP1BA gene of two Iranian patients showing the PT-VWD phenotype who were originally misdiagnosed as type 2B VWD. By structural modelling of the mutant by introducing Tyr235 into the available crystal structure of the glycoprotein (GP)Ibα N-terminal domain, we observed the mutant Tyr235 generates a hydrophobic tip to the extended β-switch loop of GPIbα. Further modelling of the resulting complex with VWFA1 indicates this could result in an enhanced interface compared to wild-type Asp235. This data provides an update to the present knowledge about this rare disorder, and confirms the necessity of genetic testing for accurate diagnosis, and the importance of studying natural mutations to better understand molecular aspects of GPIbα-VWFA1 interaction.
Collapse
|
35
|
Jamasbi J, Ayabe K, Goto S, Nieswandt B, Peter K, Siess W. Platelet receptors as therapeutic targets: Past, present and future. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:1249-1257. [DOI: 10.1160/th16-12-0911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SummaryAnti-platelet drugs reduce arterial thrombosis after plaque rupture and erosion, prevent stent thrombosis and are used to prevent and treat myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke. Some of them may also be helpful in treating less frequent diseases such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The present concise review aims to cover current and future developments of anti-platelet drugs interfering with the interaction of von Willebrand factor (VWF) with glycoprotein (GP) Ibα, and directed against GPVI, GPIIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3), the thrombin receptor PAR-1, and the ADP receptor P2Y12. The high expectations of having novel antiplatelet drugs which selectively inhibit arterial thrombosis without interfering with normal haemostasis could possibly be met in the near future.
Collapse
|
36
|
de Jong A, Eikenboom J. Von Willebrand disease mutation spectrum and associated mutation mechanisms. Thromb Res 2017; 159:65-75. [PMID: 28987708 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a bleeding disorder that is mainly caused by mutations in the multimeric protein von Willebrand factor (VWF). These mutations may lead to deficiencies in plasma VWF or dysfunctional VWF. VWF is a heterogeneous protein and over the past three decades, hundreds of VWF mutations have been identified. In this review we have organized all reported mutations, spanning a timeline from the late eighties until early 2017. This resulted in an overview of 750 unique mutations that are divided over the VWD types 1, 2A, 2B, 2M, 2N and 3. For many of these mutations the disease-causing effects have been characterized in vitro through expression studies, ex vivo by analysis of patient-derived endothelial cells, as well as in animal or (bio)physical models. Here we describe the mechanisms associated with the VWF mutations per VWD type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika de Jong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Eikenboom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Interlandi G, Yakovenko O, Tu AY, Harris J, Le J, Chen J, López JA, Thomas WE. Specific electrostatic interactions between charged amino acid residues regulate binding of von Willebrand factor to blood platelets. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:18608-18617. [PMID: 28924049 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.797456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The plasma protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) is essential for hemostasis initiation at sites of vascular injury. The platelet-binding A1 domain of VWF is connected to the VWF N-terminally located D'D3 domain through a relatively unstructured amino acid sequence, called here the N-terminal linker. This region has previously been shown to inhibit the binding of VWF to the platelet surface receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GpIbα). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory function of the N-terminal linker has not been elucidated. Here, we show that an aspartate at position 1261 is the most critical residue of the N-terminal linker for inhibiting binding of the VWF A1 domain to GpIbα on platelets in blood flow. Through a combination of molecular dynamics simulations, mutagenesis, and A1-GpIbα binding experiments, we identified a network of salt bridges between Asp1261 and the rest of A1 that lock the N-terminal linker in place such that it reduces binding to GpIbα. Mutations aimed at disrupting any of these salt bridges activated binding unless the mutated residue also formed a salt bridge with GpIbα, in which case the mutations inhibited the binding. These results show that interactions between charged amino acid residues are important both to directly stabilize the A1-GpIbα complex and to indirectly destabilize the complex through the N-terminal linker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Interlandi
- From the Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,
| | - Olga Yakovenko
- From the Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - An-Yue Tu
- From the Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Jeff Harris
- the Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98102, and
| | - Jennie Le
- the Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98102, and
| | - Junmei Chen
- the Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98102, and
| | - José A López
- the Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98102, and.,the Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, and Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Wendy E Thomas
- From the Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Deng W, Wang Y, Druzak SA, Healey JF, Syed AK, Lollar P, Li R. A discontinuous autoinhibitory module masks the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:1867-1877. [PMID: 28692141 PMCID: PMC5585049 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Essentials The mechanism for the auto-inhibition of von Willebrand factor (VWF) remains unclear. Hydrogen exchange of two VWF A1 fragments with disparate activities was measured and compared. Discontinuous residues flanking A1 form a structural module that blocks A1 binding to the platelet. Our results suggest a potentially unified model of VWF activation. Click to hear an ISTH Academy presentation on the domain architecture of VWF and activation by elongational flow by Dr Springer SUMMARY: Background How von Willebrand factor (VWF) senses and responds to shear flow remains unclear. In the absence of shear flow, VWF or its fragments can be induced to bind spontaneously to platelet GPIbα. Objectives To elucidate the auto-inhibition mechanism of VWF. Methods Hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) of two recombinant VWF fragments expressed from baby hamster kidney cells were measured and compared. Results The shortA1 protein contains VWF residues 1261-1472 and binds GPIbα with a significantly higher affinity than the longA1 protein that contains VWF residues 1238-1472. Both proteins contain the VWF A1 domain (residues 1272-1458). Many residues in longA1, particularly those in the N- and C-terminal sequences flanking the A1 domain, and in helix α1, loops α1β2 and β3α2, demonstrated markedly reduced HDX compared with their counterparts in shortA1. The HDX-protected region in longA1 overlaps with the GPIbα-binding interface and is clustered with type 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD) mutations. Additional comparison with the HDX of denatured longA1 and ristocetin-bound longA1 indicates the N- and C-terminal sequences flanking the A1 domain form cooperatively an integrated autoinhibitory module (AIM) that interacts with the HDX-protected region. Binding of ristocetin to the C-terminal part of the AIM desorbs the AIM from A1 and enables longA1 binding to GPIbα. Conclusion The discontinuous AIM binds the A1 domain and prevents it from binding to GPIbα, which has significant implications for the pathogenesis of type 2B VWD and the shear-induced activation of VWF activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Deng
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S A Druzak
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J F Healey
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A K Syed
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Lollar
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - R Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Flow-induced elongation of von Willebrand factor precedes tension-dependent activation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:324. [PMID: 28831047 PMCID: PMC5567343 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00230-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor, an ultralarge concatemeric blood protein, must bind to platelet GPIbα during bleeding to mediate hemostasis, but not in the normal circulation to avoid thrombosis. Von Willebrand factor is proposed to be mechanically activated by flow, but the mechanism remains unclear. Using microfluidics with single-molecule imaging, we simultaneously monitored reversible Von Willebrand factor extension and binding to GPIbα under flow. We show that Von Willebrand factor is activated through a two-step conformational transition: first, elongation from compact to linear form, and subsequently, a tension-dependent local transition to a state with high affinity for GPIbα. High-affinity sites develop only in upstream regions of VWF where tension exceeds ~21 pN and depend upon electrostatic interactions. Re-compaction of Von Willebrand factor is accelerated by intramolecular interactions and increases GPIbα dissociation rate. This mechanism enables VWF to be locally activated by hydrodynamic force in hemorrhage and rapidly deactivated downstream, providing a paradigm for hierarchical mechano-regulation of receptor–ligand binding. Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a blood protein involved in clotting and is proposed to be activated by flow, but the mechanism is unknown. Here the authors show that VWF is first converted from a compact to linear form by flow, and is subsequently activated to bind GPIbα in a tension-dependent manner.
Collapse
|
40
|
Tischer A, Machha VR, Frontroth JP, Brehm MA, Obser T, Schneppenheim R, Mayne L, Walter Englander S, Auton M. Enhanced Local Disorder in a Clinically Elusive von Willebrand Factor Provokes High-Affinity Platelet Clumping. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:2161-2177. [PMID: 28533135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutation of the cysteines forming the disulfide loop of the platelet GPIbα adhesive A1 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF) causes quantitative VWF deficiencies in the blood and von Willebrand disease. We report two cases of transient severe thrombocytopenia induced by DDAVP treatment. Cys1272Trp and Cys1458Tyr mutations identified by genetic sequencing implicate an abnormal gain-of-function phenotype, evidenced by thrombocytopenia, which quickly relapses back to normal platelet counts and deficient plasma VWF. Using surface plasmon resonance, analytical rheology, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HXMS), we decipher mechanisms of A1-GPIbα-mediated platelet adhesion and resolve dynamic secondary structure elements that regulate the binding pathway. Constrained by the disulfide, conformational selection between weak and tight binding states of A1 takes precedence and drives normal platelet adhesion to VWF. Less restrained through mutation, loss of the disulfide preferentially diverts binding through an induced-fit disease pathway enabling high-affinity GPIbα binding and firm platelet adhesion to a partially disordered A1 domain. HXMS reveals a dynamic asymmetry of flexible and ordered regions common to both variants, indicating that the partially disordered A1 lacking the disulfide retains native-like structural dynamics. Both binding mechanisms share common structural and thermodynamic properties, but the enhanced local disorder in the disease state perpetuates high-affinity platelet agglutination, characteristic of type 2B VWD, upon DDAVP-stimulated secretion of VWF leading to transient thrombocytopenia and a subsequent deficiency of plasma VWF, characteristic of type 2A VWD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tischer
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Venkata R Machha
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Juan P Frontroth
- Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Trombosis, Servicio de Hematologia y Oncologia, Hospital de Pediatria, "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria A Brehm
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Obser
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schneppenheim
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Leland Mayne
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - S Walter Englander
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Matthew Auton
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Löf A, Müller JP, Brehm MA. A biophysical view on von Willebrand factor activation. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:799-810. [PMID: 28256724 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The process of hemostatic plug formation at sites of vascular injury crucially relies on the large multimeric plasma glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) and its ability to recruit platelets to the damaged vessel wall via interaction of its A1 domain with platelet GPIbα. Under normal blood flow conditions, VWF multimers exhibit a very low binding affinity for platelets. Only when subjected to increased hydrodynamic forces, which primarily occur in connection with vascular injury, VWF can efficiently bind to platelets. This force-regulation of VWF's hemostatic activity is not only highly intriguing from a biophysical perspective, but also of eminent physiological importance. On the one hand, it prevents undesired activity of VWF in intact vessels that could lead to thromboembolic complications and on the other hand, it enables efficient VWF-mediated platelet aggregation exactly where needed. Here, we review recent studies that mainly employed biophysical approaches in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex mechano-regulation of the VWF-GPIbα interaction. Their results led to two main hypotheses: first, intramolecular shielding of the A1 domain is lifted upon force-induced elongation of VWF; second, force-induced conformational changes of A1 convert it from a low-affinity to a high-affinity state. We critically discuss these hypotheses and aim at bridging the gap between the large-scale behavior of VWF as a linear polymer in hydrodynamic flow and the detailed properties of the A1-GPIbα bond at the single-molecule level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achim Löf
- Department of Physics and Center for NanoScience, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen P Müller
- Department of Physics and Center for NanoScience, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria A Brehm
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Posch S, Aponte-Santamaría C, Schwarzl R, Karner A, Radtke M, Gräter F, Obser T, König G, Brehm MA, Gruber HJ, Netz RR, Baldauf C, Schneppenheim R, Tampé R, Hinterdorfer P. Mutual A domain interactions in the force sensing protein von Willebrand factor. J Struct Biol 2017; 197:57-64. [PMID: 27113902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a glycoprotein in the blood that plays a central role in hemostasis. Among other functions, VWF is responsible for platelet adhesion at sites of injury via its A1 domain. Its adjacent VWF domain A2 exposes a cleavage site under shear to degrade long VWF fibers in order to prevent thrombosis. Recently, it has been shown that VWF A1/A2 interactions inhibit the binding of platelets to VWF domain A1 in a force-dependent manner prior to A2 cleavage. However, whether and how this interaction also takes place in longer VWF fragments as well as the strength of this interaction in the light of typical elongation forces imposed by the shear flow of blood remained elusive. Here, we addressed these questions by using single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), Brownian dynamics (BD), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Our SMFS measurements demonstrate that the A2 domain has the ability to bind not only to single A1 domains but also to VWF A1A2 fragments. SMFS experiments of a mutant [A2] domain, containing a disulfide bond which stabilizes the domain against unfolding, enhanced A1 binding. This observation suggests that the mutant adopts a more stable conformation for binding to A1. We found intermolecular A1/A2 interactions to be preferred over intramolecular A1/A2 interactions. Our data are also consistent with the existence of two cooperatively acting binding sites for A2 in the A1 domain. Our SMFS measurements revealed a slip-bond behavior for the A1/A2 interaction and their lifetimes were estimated for forces acting on VWF multimers at physiological shear rates using BD simulations. Complementary fitting of AFM rupture forces in the MD simulation range adequately reproduced the force response of the A1/A2 complex spanning a wide range of loading rates. In conclusion, we here characterized the auto-inhibitory mechanism of the intramolecular A1/A2 bond as a shear dependent safeguard of VWF, which prevents the interaction of VWF with platelets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Posch
- Department of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | | | - Andreas Karner
- Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH (CBL), Linz, Austria
| | | | - Frauke Gräter
- Molecular Biomechanics Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Obser
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gesa König
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria A Brehm
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann J Gruber
- Department of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Carsten Baldauf
- Theory Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schneppenheim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Tampé
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Peter Hinterdorfer
- Department of Applied Experimental Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria; Center for Advanced Bioanalysis GmbH (CBL), Linz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ju L, Lou J, Chen Y, Li Z, Zhu C. Force-Induced Unfolding of Leucine-Rich Repeats of Glycoprotein Ibα Strengthens Ligand Interaction. Biophys J 2016; 109:1781-4. [PMID: 26536255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) is a versatile motif widely present in adhesive proteins and signal-transducing receptors. The concave structure formed by a group of LRRs is thought to facilitate binding to globular protein domains with increased affinities. However, little is known about the conformational dynamics of LRRs in such a structure, e.g., whether and how force induces conformational changes in LRRs to regulate protein binding and signal transduction. Here we investigated the platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα), a demonstrated mechanoreceptor with known crystal structures for the N-terminal domain (GPIbαN), as a model for LRR-containing proteins using a combined method of steered molecular dynamics simulations and single-molecule force spectroscopy with a biomembrane force probe. We found that force-induced unfolding of GPIbαN starts with LRR2-4 and propagates to other LRRs. Importantly, force-dependent lifetimes of individual VWF-A1 bonds with GPIbα are prolonged after LRR unfolding. Enhancement of protein-protein interactions by force-induced LRR unfolding may be a phenomenon of interest in biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lining Ju
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Jizhong Lou
- Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhenhai Li
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kizugawa, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tronic EH, Yakovenko O, Weidner T, Baio JE, Penkala R, Castner DG, Thomas WE. Differential surface activation of the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor. Biointerphases 2016; 11:029803. [PMID: 26968213 PMCID: PMC4788635 DOI: 10.1116/1.4943618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The clotting protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) binds to platelet receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) when VWF is activated by chemicals, high shear stress, or immobilization onto surfaces. Activation of VWF by surface immobilization is an important problem in the failure of cardiovascular implants, but is poorly understood. Here, the authors investigate whether some or all surfaces can activate VWF at least in part by affecting the orientation or conformation of the immobilized GPIbα-binding A1 domain of VWF. Platelets binding to A1 adsorbed onto polystyrene surfaces translocated rapidly at moderate and high flow, but detached at low flow, while platelets binding to A1 adsorbed onto glass or tissue-culture treated polystyrene surfaces translocated slowly, and detached only at high flow. Both x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and conformation independent antibodies reported comparable A1 amounts on all surfaces. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectra suggested differences in orientation on the three surfaces, but none that could explain the biological data. Instead, ToF-SIMS data and binding of conformation-dependent antibodies were consistent with the stabilization of an alternative more activated conformation of A1 by tissue culture polystyrene and especially glass. These studies demonstrate that different material surfaces differentially affect the conformation of adsorbed A1 domain and its biological activity. This is important when interpreting or designing in vitro experiments with surface-adsorbed A1 domain, and is also of likely relevance for blood-contacting biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine H Tronic
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Olga Yakovenko
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Joe E Baio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Rebecca Penkala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - David G Castner
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Wendy E Thomas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Campbell JC, Tischer A, Machha V, Moon-Tasson L, Sankaran B, Kim C, Auton M. Data on the purification and crystallization of the loss-of-function von Willebrand disease variant (p.Gly1324Ser) of the von Willebrand factor A1 domain. Data Brief 2016; 7:1700-1706. [PMID: 27761512 PMCID: PMC5063811 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
von Willebrand factor׳s (VWF) primary hemostatic responsibility is to deposit platelets at sites of vascular injury to prevent bleeding. This function is mediated by the interaction between the VWF A1 domain and the constitutively active platelet receptor, GPIbα. The crystal structure of the A1 domain harboring the von Willebrand disease (vWD) type 2M mutation p.Gly1324Ser has been recently published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry describing its effect on the function and structural stability of the A1 domain of VWF, “Mutational constraints on local unfolding inhibit the rheological adaptation of von Willebrand factor” [1]. The mutation introduces a side chain that thermodynamically stabilizes the domain by reducing the overall flexibility of the A1–GPIbα binding interface resulting in loss-of-function and bleeding due to the inability of A1 to adapt to a binding competent conformation under the rheological shear stress blood flow. In this data article we describe the production, quality control and crystallization of the p.Gly1324Ser vWD variant of the A1 domain of VWF. p.Gly1324Ser A1 was expressed in Escherichia coli as insoluble inclusion bodies. After the preparation of the inclusion bodies, the protein was solubilized, refolded, purified by affinity chromatography and crystallized. The crystal structure of the p.Gly1324Ser mutant of the A1 domain is deposited at the Protein Data Bank PDB: 5BV8
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James C. Campbell
- Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexander Tischer
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Venkata Machha
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laurie Moon-Tasson
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, BLDG 6R2100, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Choel Kim
- Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Auton
- Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Simulations of flow induced structural transition of the β-switch region of glycoprotein Ibα. Biophys Chem 2016; 209:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
47
|
Tischer A, Campbell JC, Machha VR, Moon-Tasson L, Benson LM, Sankaran B, Kim C, Auton M. Mutational Constraints on Local Unfolding Inhibit the Rheological Adaptation of von Willebrand Factor. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:3848-59. [PMID: 26677223 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.703850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unusually large von Willebrand factor (VWF), the first responder to vascular injury in primary hemostasis, is designed to capture platelets under the high shear stress of rheological blood flow. In type 2M von Willebrand disease, two rare mutations (G1324A and G1324S) within the platelet GPIbα binding interface of the VWF A1 domain impair the hemostatic function of VWF. We investigate structural and conformational effects of these mutations on the A1 domain's efficacy to bind collagen and adhere platelets under shear flow. These mutations enhance the thermodynamic stability, reduce the rate of unfolding, and enhance the A1 domain's resistance to limited proteolysis. Collagen binding affinity is not significantly affected indicating that the primary stabilizing effect of these mutations is to diminish the platelet binding efficiency under shear flow. The enhanced stability stems from the steric consequences of adding a side chain (G1324A) and additionally a hydrogen bond (G1324S) to His(1322) across the β2-β3 hairpin in the GPIbα binding interface, which restrains the conformational degrees of freedom and the overall flexibility of the native state. These studies reveal a novel rheological strategy in which the incorporation of a single glycine within the GPIbα binding interface of normal VWF enhances the probability of local unfolding that enables the A1 domain to conformationally adapt to shear flow while maintaining its overall native structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tischer
- From the Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - James C Campbell
- the Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program
| | - Venkata R Machha
- From the Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Laurie Moon-Tasson
- From the Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Linda M Benson
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, and
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Choel Kim
- the Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Department of Pharmacology, and the Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Matthew Auton
- From the Division of Hematology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Feys HB, Van Aelst B, Devloo R, Vandekerckhove P, Compernolle V. The contribution of von Willebrand factor-GPIbα interactions to persistent aggregate formation in apheresis platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 2015; 110:344-51. [PMID: 26646710 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Apheresis platelet concentrates sometimes contain persistent aggregates (PA). Because apheresis involves extracorporeal circulation, we hypothesized that interactions between GPIbα and von Willebrand factor (VWF) underlie their origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelets in donations with PA were compared to aggregate-free (AF) controls. Flow cytometry was used to determine platelet bound VWF. Degranulation was measured using P-selectin expression in flow cytometry and cytokine release using immunosorbent assays. Platelet adhesion to VWF was assessed in hydrodynamic flow and real-time video microscopy. RESULTS Platelets in PA concentrates had significantly more (P = 0·009, n ≥ 8) bound VWF compared to AF platelets, but differences in VWF concentration, VWF collagen binding, activated VWF or GPIbα expression were not found. Degranulation was higher (P = 0·030, n = 7) in PA than AF concentrates on day 1 of storage, but adhesion to immobilized VWF under hydrodynamic flow conditions was normal at that moment. On day 6, however, significantly less VWF adhesion (P = 0·009, n ≥ 6) was found for PA platelets compared to AF, indicating accelerated storage lesion in PA products. In a model that mimicks PA formation by chemically induced binding of VWF to platelets, we found that degranulation, phosphatidylserine expression and metabolism did not differ with paired controls at any time during subsequent storage. CONCLUSION Accelerated storage lesion is found in concentrates with PA, but this cannot be explained solely by increased platelet bound VWF following apheresis. Therefore, additional stressors are probably responsible for the increases observed in platelet degranulation and storage lesion in products with PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Van Aelst
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Devloo
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Vandekerckhove
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shiozaki S, Takagi S, Goto S. Prediction of Molecular Interaction between Platelet Glycoprotein Ibα and von Willebrand Factor using Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 23:455-64. [PMID: 26581184 DOI: 10.5551/jat.32458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The molecular mechanism of the unique interaction between platelet membrane glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) and von Willebrand Factor (VWF), necessary for platelet adhesion under high shear stress, is yet to be clarified. METHODS The molecular dynamics simulation using NAMD (Nanoscale Molecular Dynamics) package with the CHARMM 22 (Chemistry at Harvard Macromolecular Mechanics) force field were used to predict dynamic structural changes occurring in the binding site of A1 domain of VWF and N terminus domain of GPIbα under water soluble condition. RESULTS The mean distance between the mass center of A1 domain of VWF and GPIbα in the stable form was predicted as 27.3 Å. The potential of mean force between the A1 domain of VWF and GPIbα were calculated in conditions of various distances of the mass center between them. All the calculated values were fitted to the Morse potential energy function curve. The maximum adhesive force between A1 domain of VWF and GPIbα was predicted as 62.3 pN by differentiating the potential of mean force with respect to the molecular distance. CONCLUSIONS The molecular dynamics simulation is useful for predicting the dynamic structure changes of protein bonds involved in platelet adhesion and for predicting the adhesive forces generated between their interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Shiozaki
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Tokai University School of Medicine
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Misfolding of vWF to pathologically disordered conformations impacts the severity of von Willebrand disease. Biophys J 2015; 107:1185-1195. [PMID: 25185554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary hemostatic von Willebrand factor (vWF) functions to sequester platelets from rheological blood flow and mediates their adhesion to damaged subendothelium at sites of vascular injury. We have surveyed the effect of 16 disease-causing mutations identified in patients diagnosed with the bleeding diathesis disorder, von Willebrand disease (vWD), on the structure and rheology of vWF A1 domain adhesiveness to the platelet GPIbα receptor. These mutations have a dynamic phenotypical range of bleeding from lack of platelet adhesion to severe thrombocytopenia. Using new rheological tools in combination with classical thermodynamic, biophysical, and spectroscopic metrics, we establish a high propensity of the A1 domain to misfold to pathological molten globule conformations that differentially alter the strength of platelet adhesion under shear flow. Rheodynamic analysis establishes a quantitative rank order between shear-rate-dependent platelet-translocation pause times that linearly correlate with clinically reported measures of patient platelet counts and the severity of thrombocytopenia. These results suggest that specific secondary structure elements remaining in these pathological conformations of the A1 domain regulate GPIbα binding and the strength of vWF-platelet interactions, which affects the vWD functional phenotype and the severity of thrombocytopenia.
Collapse
|