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Shen J, Li J, Zhang Y, Mei X, Xue C, Chang Y. Characterization of an α-L-fucosidase in marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica: new evidence on the catalytic sites of GH95 family glycosidases. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38932571 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-l-Fucose confers unique functions for fucose-containing biomolecules such as human milk oligosaccharides. α-l-Fucosidases can serve as desirable tools in the application of fucosylated saccharides. Discovering novel α-l-fucosidases and elucidating their enzyme properties are always worthy tasks. RESULTS A GH95 family α-l-fucosidase named Afc95A_Wf was cloned from the genome of the marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica and expressed in Escherichia coli. It exhibited maximum activity at 40 °C and pH 7.5. Afc95A_Wf defined a different substrate specificity among reported α-l-fucosidases, which was capable of hydrolyzing α-fucoside in CNP-fucose, Fucα1-2Galβ1-4Glc and Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)Glc, and showed a preference for α1,2-fucosidic linkage. It adopted Asp residue in the amino acid sequence at position 391, which was distinct from the previously acknowledged residue of Asn. The predicted tertiary structure and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that Asp391 participates in the catalysis of Afc95A_Wf. The differences in the substrate specificity and catalytic site shed light on that Afc95A_Wf adopted a novel mechanism in catalysis. CONCLUSION A GH95 family α-l-fucosidase (Afc95A_Wf) was cloned and expressed. It showed a cleavage preference for α1,2-fucosidic linkage to α1,3-fucosidic linkage. Afc95A_Wf demonstrated a different substrate specificity and a residue at an important catalytic site compared with known GH95 family proteins, which revealed the occurrence of diversity on catalytic mechanisms in the GH95 family. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiajing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuanwei Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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2
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Hermes GDA, Rasmussen C, Wellejus A. Variation in the Conservation of Species-Specific Gene Sets for HMO Degradation and Its Effects on HMO Utilization in Bifidobacteria. Nutrients 2024; 16:1893. [PMID: 38931248 PMCID: PMC11206791 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Human milk provides essential nutrients for infants but also consists of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are resistant to digestion by the infant. Bifidobacteria are among the first colonizers, providing various health benefits for the host. This is largely facilitated by their ability to efficiently metabolize HMOs in a species-specific way. Nevertheless, these abilities can vary significantly by strain, and our understanding of the mechanisms applied by different strains from the same species remains incomplete. Therefore, we assessed the effects of strain-level genomic variation in HMO utilization genes on growth on HMOs in 130 strains from 10 species of human associated bifidobacteria. Our findings highlight the extent of genetic diversity between strains of the same species and demonstrate the effects on species-specific HMO utilization, which in most species is largely retained through the conservation of a core set of genes or the presence of redundant pathways. These data will help to refine our understanding of the genetic factors that contribute to the persistence of individual strains and will provide a better mechanistic rationale for the development and optimization of new early-life microbiota-modulating products to improve infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerben D. A. Hermes
- Human Health Research, Human Health Biosolutions, Novonesis, Kogle Alle 6, 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark (A.W.)
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3
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Shimada N, Kameyama A, Watanabe M, Sahara T, Matsuzawa T. Identification and characterization of xyloglucan-degradation related α-1,2-l-fucosidase in Aspergillus oryzae. J Biosci Bioeng 2024:S1389-1723(24)00159-2. [PMID: 38871579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Xyloglucan in plant cell walls has complex side-chain structures; Aspergillus oryzae produces various enzymes to degrade and assimilate xyloglucan. In this study, we identified and characterized α-1,2-l-fucosidase (AfcA) which is involved in xyloglucan degradation in A. oryzae. AfcA expression was induced in the presence of xyloglucan oligosaccharides. AfcA showed specific activity toward α-(1→2)-linked l-fucopyranosyl residues attached to the side chains of xyloglucan oligosaccharides and milk oligosaccharides, but not toward α-(1→3)-, α-(1→4)-, and α-(1→6)-linked l-fucopyranosyl residues. As fucopyranosyl residues in the side chains of xyloglucan oligosaccharides prevent the degradation of xyloglucan oligosaccharides by isoprimeverose-producing oligoxyloglucan hydrolase and β-galactosidase, the cooperative action of AfcA, isoprimeverose-producing oligoxyloglucan hydrolase, and β-galactosidase play a key role in degrading fucosylated xyloglucan in A. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Shimada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kameyama
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masahiro Watanabe
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sahara
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Matsuzawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
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4
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Li S, Chen M, Wang Z, Abudourexiti W, Zhang L, Ding C, Ding L, Gong J. Ant may well destroy a whole dam: glycans of colonic mucus barrier disintegrated by gut bacteria. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127599. [PMID: 38219635 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The colonic mucus layer plays a critical role in maintaining the integrity of the colonic mucosal barrier, serving as the primary defense against colonic microorganisms. Predominantly composed of mucin 2 (MUC2), a glycosylation-rich protein, the mucus layer forms a gel-like coating that covers the colonic epithelium surface. This layer provides a habitat for intestinal microorganisms, which can utilize mucin glycans present in the mucus layer as a sustainable source of nutrients. Additionally, metabolites produced by the microbiota during the metabolism of mucus glycans have a profound impact on host health. Under normal conditions, the production and consumption of mucus maintain a dynamic balance. However, several studies have demonstrated that certain factors, such as dietary fiber deficiency, can enhance the metabolism of mucus glycans by gut bacteria, thereby disturbing this balance and weakening the mucus barrier function of the mucus layer. To better understand the occurrence and development of colon-related diseases, it is crucial to investigate the complex metabolic patterns of mucus glycosylation by intestinal microorganisms. Our objective was to comprehensively review these patterns in order to clarify the effects of mucus layer glycan metabolism by intestinal microorganisms on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingfei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Waresi Abudourexiti
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jianfeng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Hu Y, Hong H, Zhou J, Cui Y, Zhang B, Zhao J. Recent advances in enzymatic properties, preparation methods, and functions of glycoside hydrolase from Bifidobacterium: a review. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:344. [PMID: 37843698 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium is a major probiotic of intestinal gut flora and exerts many physiological activities, and it is widely applied in the fields of food and medicine. As an important part of Bifidobacterium, glycoside hydrolase plays a role in its physiological activity. With the continuous development and improvement of genetic engineering technology, research on this type of enzyme will play a crucial role in promoting the further development of Bifidobacterium in the field of probiotics. In this review, the preparation methods, enzymatic properties, and functions of glycoside hydrolase extracted from Bifidobacterium are described and summarized. The common method for preparing glycoside hydrolase derived from Bifidobacterium is heterologous expression in Escherichia coli BL21. The optimal pH range for these glycoside hydrolase enzymes is between 4.5 and 7.5; the optimal temperature is between 30 and 50 °C, which is close to the optimal growth condition of Bifidobacterium. Based on substrate specificity, these glycoside hydrolase could hydrolyze synthetic substrates and natural oligosaccharides, including a series of pNP artificial substrates, disaccharide, and trisaccharides, while they have little ability to hydrolyze polysaccharide substrates. This review will be expected to provide a basis for the development of Bifidobacterium as a probiotic element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Hu
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Chang Chun University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Hong
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Chang Chun University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Zhou
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Chang Chun University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Cui
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Chang Chun University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Baochun Zhang
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Chang Chun University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Chang Chun University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China.
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Walsh LH, Walsh AM, Garcia-Perez I, Crispie F, Costabile A, Ellis R, Finlayson J, Finnegan LA, Claesson MJ, Holmes E, Cotter PD. Comparison of the relative impacts of acute consumption of an inulin-enriched diet, milk kefir or a commercial probiotic product on the human gut microbiome and metabolome. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:41. [PMID: 37587110 PMCID: PMC10432396 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been established that the human gut microbiota is central to health, and, consequently, there has been a growing desire to positively modulate its composition and/or function through, for example, the use of fermented foods, prebiotics or probiotics. Here, we compare the relative impact of the daily consumption of an inulin-enriched diet (n = 10), a commercial probiotic-containing fermented milk product (FMP) (n = 10), or a traditional kefir FMP (n = 9), over a 28-day period on the gut microbiome and urine metabolome of healthy human adults. None of the treatments resulted in significant changes to clinical parameters or biomarkers tested. However, shotgun metagenomic analysis revealed that kefir consumption resulted in a significant change in taxonomy, in the form of an increased abundance of the sub-dominant FMP-associated species Lactococcus raffinolactis, which further corresponded to shifts in the urine metabolome. Overall, our results indicated that daily consumption of a single portion of kefir alone resulted in detectable changes to the gut microbiota and metabolome of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam H Walsh
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology Department, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aaron M Walsh
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology Department, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland
| | - Isabel Garcia-Perez
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Computational Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Crispie
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland
| | - Adele Costabile
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton London, London, UK
| | - Richard Ellis
- Surveillance and Laboratory Services Department, APHA, Addlestone, UK
| | - Jim Finlayson
- NHS Highland, Highland Clinical Research Facility, University of the Highlands & Islands, Centre for Health Science, Inverness, UK
| | - Laura A Finnegan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcus J Claesson
- School of Microbiology Department, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Computational Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Microbiology Department, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland.
- VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, Ireland.
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7
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Takada H, Katoh T, Sakanaka M, Odamaki T, Katayama T. GH20 and GH84 β-N-acetylglucosaminidases with different linkage specificities underpin mucin O-glycan breakdown capability of Bifidobacterium bifidum. J Biol Chem 2023:104781. [PMID: 37146969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal mucus layers mediate symbiosis and dysbiosis of host-microbe interactions. These interactions are influenced by the mucin O-glycan degrading ability of several gut microbes. The identities and prevalence of many glycoside hydrolyses (GHs) involved in microbial mucin O-glycan breakdown have been previously reported; however, the exact mechanisms and extent to which these GHs are dedicated to mucin O-glycan degradation pathways warrant further research. Here, using Bifidobacterium bifidum as a model mucinolytic bacterium, we revealed that two β-N-acetylglucosaminidases belonging to the GH20 (BbhI) and GH84 (BbhIV) families play important roles in mucin O-glycan degradation. Using substrate specificity analysis of natural oligosaccharides and O-glycomic analysis of porcine gastric mucin (PGM) incubated with purified enzymes or B. bifidum carrying bbhI and/or bbhIV mutations, we showed that BbhI and BbhIV are highly specific for β-(1→3)- and β-(1→6)-GlcNAc linkages of mucin core structures, respectively. Interestingly, we found that efficient hydrolysis of the β-(1→3)-linkage by BbhI of the mucin core 4 structure [GlcNAcβ1-3(GlcNAcβ1-6)GalNAcα-O-Thr] required prior removal of the β-(1→6)-GlcNAc linkage by BbhIV. Consistent with this, inactivation of bbhIV markedly decreased the ability of B. bifidum to release GlcNAc from PGM. When combined with a bbhI mutation, we observed that the growth of the strain on PGM was reduced. Finally, phylogenetic analysis suggests that GH84 members may have gained diversified functions through microbe-microbe and host-microbe horizontal gene transfer events. Taken together, these data strongly suggest GH84 family members in host glycan breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Takada
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Katoh
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mikiyasu Sakanaka
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Anso I, Naegeli A, Cifuente JO, Orrantia A, Andersson E, Zenarruzabeitia O, Moraleda-Montoya A, García-Alija M, Corzana F, Del Orbe RA, Borrego F, Trastoy B, Sjögren J, Guerin ME. Turning universal O into rare Bombay type blood. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1765. [PMID: 36997505 PMCID: PMC10063614 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractRed blood cell antigens play critical roles in blood transfusion since donor incompatibilities can be lethal. Recipients with the rare total deficiency in H antigen, the Oh Bombay phenotype, can only be transfused with group Oh blood to avoid serious transfusion reactions. We discover FucOB from the mucin-degrading bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila as an α-1,2-fucosidase able to hydrolyze Type I, Type II, Type III and Type V H antigens to obtain the afucosylated Bombay phenotype in vitro. X-ray crystal structures of FucOB show a three-domain architecture, including a GH95 glycoside hydrolase. The structural data together with site-directed mutagenesis, enzymatic activity and computational methods provide molecular insights into substrate specificity and catalysis. Furthermore, using agglutination tests and flow cytometry-based techniques, we demonstrate the ability of FucOB to convert universal O type into rare Bombay type blood, providing exciting possibilities to facilitate transfusion in recipients/patients with Bombay phenotype.
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9
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Structure and function of microbial α-l-fucosidases: a mini review. Essays Biochem 2023; 67:399-414. [PMID: 36805644 PMCID: PMC10154630 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Fucose is a monosaccharide commonly found in mammalian, insect, microbial and plant glycans. The removal of terminal α-l-fucosyl residues from oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates is catalysed by α-l-fucosidases. To date, glycoside hydrolases (GHs) with exo-fucosidase activity on α-l-fucosylated substrates (EC 3.2.1.51, EC 3.2.1.-) have been reported in the GH29, GH95, GH139, GH141 and GH151 families of the Carbohydrate Active Enzymes (CAZy) database. Microbes generally encode several fucosidases in their genomes, often from more than one GH family, reflecting the high diversity of naturally occuring fucosylated structures they encounter. Functionally characterised microbial α-l-fucosidases have been shown to act on a range of substrates with α-1,2, α-1,3, α-1,4 or α-1,6 fucosylated linkages depending on the GH family and microorganism. Fucosidases show a modular organisation with catalytic domains of GH29 and GH151 displaying a (β/α)8-barrel fold while GH95 and GH141 show a (α/α)6 barrel and parallel β-helix fold, respectively. A number of crystal structures have been solved in complex with ligands, providing structural basis for their substrate specificity. Fucosidases can also be used in transglycosylation reactions to synthesise oligosaccharides. This mini review provides an overview of the enzymatic and structural properties of microbial α-l-fucosidases and some insights into their biological function and biotechnological applications.
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Silchenko AS, Rubtsov N, Zueva A, Kusaykin M, Rasin A, Ermakova S. Fucoidan-active α-L-fucosidases of the GH29 and GH95 families from a fucoidan degrading cluster of the marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 728:109373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Koval'ová T, Kovaľ T, Stránský J, Kolenko P, Dušková J, Švecová L, Vodičková P, Spiwok V, Benešová E, Lipovová P, Dohnálek J. The first structure–function study of GH151 α‐
l
‐fucosidase uncovers new oligomerization pattern, active site complementation, and selective substrate specificity. FEBS J 2022; 289:4998-5020. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terézia Koval'ová
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biomolecules Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vestec Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kovaľ
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biomolecules Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vestec Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stránský
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biomolecules Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vestec Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kolenko
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biomolecules Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vestec Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Dušková
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biomolecules Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vestec Czech Republic
| | - Leona Švecová
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biomolecules Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vestec Czech Republic
| | - Patricie Vodičková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Spiwok
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Benešová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lipovová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dohnálek
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biomolecules Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Vestec Czech Republic
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Xu J, Cui Z, Zhang W, Lu J, Lu X, Yu W. Characterizing of a new α-agarase AgaE from Thalassomonas sp. LD5 and probing its catalytically essential residues. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:50-57. [PMID: 34863832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new α-agarase AgaE belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 96 was identified and cloned from marine bacterium Thalassomonas sp. LD5. AgaE consists of 926 amino acids with a theoretical molecular mass of 97 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH for recombinant AgaE were 35 °C and 7.0, respectively. In contrast to known α-agarases, the activity of AgaE does not depend on Ca2+, but on Na+. Thin-layer chromatography and 13C NMR analysis revealed that AgaE endohydrolytic of agarose to produce agarotetraose and agarohexaose as the final main products. Extensive site-directed mutagenesis studies on the conserved carboxylic amino acids of GH96 revealed two essential amino acids for AgaE, D779 and D781. Replacing D779 with G779 leads to complete inactivation of the enzyme, while D781G results in 70% loss of activity. Later studies showed that site D781 involved in the binding of Na+, and its mutation raised the optimal concentration of Na+ 4 times higher than that of the wild type. However, attempts to rescue the mutant's activities with sodium azide were failed. Kinetic parameters comparison of AgaE, AgaD, another α-agarase from LD5, and their mutants revealed that the former aspartic acid plays critical role in the catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Xu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zibo Cui
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jingxuan Lu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xinzhi Lu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Wengong Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, China.
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Mészáros Z, Nekvasilová P, Bojarová P, Křen V, Slámová K. Reprint of: Advanced glycosidases as ingenious biosynthetic instruments. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 51:107820. [PMID: 34462167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, glycosidases, naturally hydrolyzing carbohydrate-active enzymes, have found few synthetic applications in industry, being primarily used for cleaving unwanted carbohydrates. With the establishment of glycosynthase and transglycosidase technology by genetic engineering, the view of glycosidases as industrial biotechnology tools has started to change. Their easy production, affordability, robustness, and substrate versatility, added to the possibility of controlling undesired side hydrolysis by enzyme engineering, have made glycosidases competitive synthetic tools. Current promising applications of engineered glycosidases include the production of well-defined chitooligomers, precious galactooligosaccharides or specialty chemicals such as glycosylated flavonoids. Other synthetic pathways leading to human milk oligosaccharides or remodeled antibodies are on the horizon. This work provides an overview of the synthetic achievements to date for glycosidases, emphasizing the latest trends and outlining possible developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Mészáros
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 1903/3, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Nekvasilová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, CZ-12843, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Slámová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic.
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Verrucomicrobiota are specialist consumers of sulfated methyl pentoses during diatom blooms. ISME JOURNAL 2021; 16:630-641. [PMID: 34493810 PMCID: PMC8857213 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Marine algae annually sequester petagrams of carbon dioxide into polysaccharides, which are a central metabolic fuel for marine carbon cycling. Diatom microalgae produce sulfated polysaccharides containing methyl pentoses that are challenging to degrade for bacteria compared to other monomers, implicating these sugars as a potential carbon sink. Free-living bacteria occurring in phytoplankton blooms that specialise on consuming microalgal sugars, containing fucose and rhamnose remain unknown. Here, genomic and proteomic data indicate that small, coccoid, free-living Verrucomicrobiota specialise in fucose and rhamnose consumption during spring algal blooms in the North Sea. Verrucomicrobiota cell abundance was coupled with the algae bloom onset and accounted for up to 8% of the bacterioplankton. Glycoside hydrolases, sulfatases, and bacterial microcompartments, critical proteins for the consumption of fucosylated and sulfated polysaccharides, were actively expressed during consecutive spring bloom events. These specialised pathways were assigned to novel and discrete candidate species of the Akkermansiaceae and Puniceicoccaceae families, which we here describe as Candidatus Mariakkermansia forsetii and Candidatus Fucivorax forsetii. Moreover, our results suggest specialised metabolic pathways could determine the fate of complex polysaccharides consumed during algae blooms. Thus the sequestration of phytoplankton organic matter via methyl pentose sugars likely depend on the activity of specialised Verrucomicrobiota populations.
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15
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Curiel JA, Peirotén Á, Landete JM, Ruiz de la Bastida A, Langa S, Arqués JL. Architecture Insight of Bifidobacterial α-L-Fucosidases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8462. [PMID: 34445166 PMCID: PMC8395109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucosylated carbohydrates and glycoproteins from human breast milk are essential for the development of the gut microbiota in early life because they are selectively metabolized by bifidobacteria. In this regard, α-L-fucosidases play a key role in this successful bifidobacterial colonization allowing the utilization of these substrates. Although a considerable number of α-L-fucosidases from bifidobacteria have been identified by computational analysis, only a few of them have been characterized. Hitherto, α-L-fucosidases are classified into three families: GH29, GH95, and GH151, based on their catalytic structure. However, bifidobacterial α-L-fucosidases belonging to a particular family show significant differences in their sequence. Because this fact could underlie distinct phylogenetic evolution, here extensive similarity searches and comparative analyses of the bifidobacterial α-L-fucosidases identified were carried out with the assistance of previous physicochemical studies available. This work reveals four and two paralogue bifidobacterial fucosidase groups within GH29 and GH95 families, respectively. Moreover, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis species exhibited the greatest number of phylogenetic lineages in their fucosidases clustered in every family: GH29, GH95, and GH151. Since α-L-fucosidases phylogenetically descended from other glycosyl hydrolase families, we hypothesized that they could exhibit additional glycosidase activities other than fucosidase, raising the possibility of their application to transfucosylate substrates other than lactose in order to synthesis novel prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Curiel
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.); (J.M.L.); (A.R.d.l.B.); (S.L.); (J.L.A.)
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16
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Vieira PS, Bonfim IM, Araujo EA, Melo RR, Lima AR, Fessel MR, Paixão DAA, Persinoti GF, Rocco SA, Lima TB, Pirolla RAS, Morais MAB, Correa JBL, Zanphorlin LM, Diogo JA, Lima EA, Grandis A, Buckeridge MS, Gozzo FC, Benedetti CE, Polikarpov I, Giuseppe PO, Murakami MT. Xyloglucan processing machinery in Xanthomonas pathogens and its role in the transcriptional activation of virulence factors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4049. [PMID: 34193873 PMCID: PMC8245568 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Xyloglucans are highly substituted and recalcitrant polysaccharides found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants, acting as a barrier against pathogens. Here, we reveal that the diverse and economically relevant Xanthomonas bacteria are endowed with a xyloglucan depolymerization machinery that is linked to pathogenesis. Using the citrus canker pathogen as a model organism, we show that this system encompasses distinctive glycoside hydrolases, a modular xyloglucan acetylesterase and specific membrane transporters, demonstrating that plant-associated bacteria employ distinct molecular strategies from commensal gut bacteria to cope with xyloglucans. Notably, the sugars released by this system elicit the expression of several key virulence factors, including the type III secretion system, a membrane-embedded apparatus to deliver effector proteins into the host cells. Together, these findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underpinning the intricate enzymatic machinery of Xanthomonas to depolymerize xyloglucans and uncover a role for this system in signaling pathways driving pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plinio S. Vieira
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Isabela M. Bonfim
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil ,grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Graduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Evandro A. Araujo
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil ,grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ricardo R. Melo
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Augusto R. Lima
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Melissa R. Fessel
- grid.418514.d0000 0001 1702 8585Butantan Institute, Butantan Foundation, São Paulo, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Douglas A. A. Paixão
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Gabriela F. Persinoti
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Silvana A. Rocco
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tatiani B. Lima
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Renan A. S. Pirolla
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mariana A. B. Morais
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jessica B. L. Correa
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Leticia M. Zanphorlin
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jose A. Diogo
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil ,grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Graduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Evandro A. Lima
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adriana Grandis
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos S. Buckeridge
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio C. Gozzo
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Celso E. Benedetti
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Priscila O. Giuseppe
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mario T. Murakami
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
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17
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Li Q, Jiang C, Tan H, Zhao X, Li K, Yin H. Characterization of recombinant E. coli expressing a novel fucosidase from Bacillus cereus 2-8 belonging to GH95 family. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 186:105897. [PMID: 33991676 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.105897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan oligosaccharides possesses diverse physicochemical and biological activities. Specific glycoside hydrolases are valuable tools for degrading polysaccharides to produce oligosaccharides. In this study, BcFucA, a novel fucosidase belonging to GH95 family from Bacillus cereus 2-8, was cloned into pET21a vector, expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and characterized. The protein consists of 1136 amino acid residues encoded by 3411 bases and has a molecular weight of 125.35 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH of this enzyme are 50 °C and pH 4.0. In addition, this study showed that the unknown function domain (encoding Lys261-Thr681) defined as a linker is quite important for its activity. The obtained novel enzyme BcFucA will contribute to the effective degradation of fucoidan and future industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Dalian, 116023, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chaofeng Jiang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haidong Tan
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Kuikui Li
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Dalian, 116023, China.
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18
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Mészáros Z, Nekvasilová P, Bojarová P, Křen V, Slámová K. Advanced glycosidases as ingenious biosynthetic instruments. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107733. [PMID: 33781890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, glycosidases, naturally hydrolyzing carbohydrate-active enzymes, have found few synthetic applications in industry, being primarily used for cleaving unwanted carbohydrates. With the establishment of glycosynthase and transglycosidase technology by genetic engineering, the view of glycosidases as industrial biotechnology tools has started to change. Their easy production, affordability, robustness, and substrate versatility, added to the possibility of controlling undesired side hydrolysis by enzyme engineering, have made glycosidases competitive synthetic tools. Current promising applications of engineered glycosidases include the production of well-defined chitooligomers, precious galactooligosaccharides or specialty chemicals such as glycosylated flavonoids. Other synthetic pathways leading to human milk oligosaccharides or remodeled antibodies are on the horizon. This work provides an overview of the synthetic achievements to date for glycosidases, emphasizing the latest trends and outlining possible developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Mészáros
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 1903/3, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Nekvasilová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, CZ-12843, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Slámová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic.
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19
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Structure and evolution of the bifidobacterial carbohydrate metabolism proteins and enzymes. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:563-578. [PMID: 33666221 PMCID: PMC8106489 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria have attracted significant attention because they provide health-promoting effects in the human gut. In this review, we present a current overview of the three-dimensional structures of bifidobacterial proteins involved in carbohydrate uptake, degradation, and metabolism. As predominant early colonizers of the infant's gut, distinct bifidobacterial species are equipped with a panel of transporters and enzymes specific for human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Interestingly, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum possess lacto-N-biosidases with unrelated structural folds to release the disaccharide lacto-N-biose from HMOs, suggesting the convergent evolution of this activity from different ancestral proteins. The crystal structures of enzymes that confer the degradation of glycans from the mucin glycoprotein layer provide a structural basis for the utilization of this sustainable nutrient in the gastrointestinal tract. The utilization of several plant dietary oligosaccharides has been studied in detail, and the prime importance of oligosaccharide-specific ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in glycan utilisations by bifidobacteria has been revealed. The structural elements underpinning the high selectivity and roles of ABC transporter binding proteins in establishing competitive growth on preferred oligosaccharides are discussed. Distinct ABC transporters are conserved across several bifidobacterial species, e.g. those targeting arabinoxylooligosaccharide and α-1,6-galactosides/glucosides. Less prevalent transporters, e.g. targeting β-mannooligosaccharides, may contribute to the metabolic specialisation within Bifidobacterium. Some bifidobacterial species have established symbiotic relationships with humans. Structural studies of carbohydrate-utilizing systems in Bifidobacterium have revealed the interesting history of molecular coevolution with the host, as highlighted by the early selection of bifidobacteria by mucin and breast milk glycans.
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20
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Klontz EH, Li C, Kihn K, Fields JK, Beckett D, Snyder GA, Wintrode PL, Deredge D, Wang LX, Sundberg EJ. Structure and dynamics of an α-fucosidase reveal a mechanism for highly efficient IgG transfucosylation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6204. [PMID: 33277506 PMCID: PMC7718225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is important for the function of many proteins with biotechnical and medical applications. Alpha-fucosidases comprise a large enzyme family that recognizes fucosylated substrates with diverse α-linkages on these proteins. Lactobacillus casei produces an α-fucosidase, called AlfC, with specificity towards α(1,6)-fucose, the only linkage found in human N-glycan core fucosylation. AlfC and certain point mutants thereof have been used to add and remove fucose from monoclonal antibody N-glycans, with significant impacts on their effector functions. Despite the potential uses for AlfC, little is known about its mechanism. Here, we present crystal structures of AlfC, combined with mutational and kinetic analyses, hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, molecular dynamic simulations, and transfucosylation experiments to define the molecular mechanisms of the activities of AlfC and its transfucosidase mutants. Our results indicate that AlfC creates an aromatic subsite adjacent to the active site that specifically accommodates GlcNAc in α(1,6)-linkages, suggest that enzymatic activity is controlled by distinct open and closed conformations of an active-site loop, with certain mutations shifting the equilibrium towards open conformations to promote transfucosylation over hydrolysis, and provide a potentially generalizable framework for the rational creation of AlfC transfucosidase mutants. AlfC transfucosidase is used to modulate fucosylation of glycans decorating monoclonal antibodies. Herein, structural and biophysical characterization reveals the enzymatic mechanism of AlfC and a blueprint for the design of AlfC mutants with novel specificities and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik H Klontz
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Program in Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Kyle Kihn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, College Park, MD, 21201, USA
| | - James K Fields
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Program in Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Dorothy Beckett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Greg A Snyder
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Patrick L Wintrode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, College Park, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Daniel Deredge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, College Park, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Eric J Sundberg
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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21
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Nakamura S, Miyazaki T, Park EY. α-L-Fucosidase from Bombyx mori has broad substrate specificity and hydrolyzes core fucosylated N-glycans. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 124:103427. [PMID: 32561391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
N-glycans play a role in physiological functions, including glycoprotein conformation, signal transduction, and antigenicity. Insects display both α-1,6- and α-1,3-linked fucose residues bound to the innermost N-acetylglucosamine of N-glycans whereas core α-1,3-fucosylated N-glycans are not found in mammals. Functions of insect core-fucosylated glycans are not clear, and no α-L-fucosidase related to the N-glycan degradation has been identified. In the genome of the domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori, a gene for a protein, BmFucA, belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 29 is a candidate for an α-L-fucosidase gene. In this study, BmFucA was cloned and recombinantly expressed as a glutathione-S-transferase tagged protein (GST-BmFucA). Recombinant GST-BmFucA exhibited broad substrate specificity and hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl α-L-fucopyranoside, 2'-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyl-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, and 6-fucosyl-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose. Further, GST-BmFucA released fucose from both pyridylaminated complex-type and paucimannose-type glycans that were core-α-1,6-fucosylated. GST-BmFucA also shows hydrolysis activity for core-fucosylated glycans attached to phospholipase A2 from bee venom. BmFucA may be involved in the catabolism of core-fucosylated N-glycans in B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Nakamura
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Miyazaki
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
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22
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Deng J, Lv X, Li J, Du G, Chen J, Liu L. Recent advances and challenges in microbial production of human milk oligosaccharides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43393-020-00004-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Grootaert H, Van Landuyt L, Hulpiau P, Callewaert N. Functional exploration of the GH29 fucosidase family. Glycobiology 2020; 30:735-745. [PMID: 32149359 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The deoxy sugar l-fucose is frequently found as a glycan constituent on and outside living cells, and in mammals it is involved in a wide range of biological processes including leukocyte trafficking, histo-blood group antigenicity and antibody effector functions. The manipulation of fucose levels in those biomedically important systems may provide novel insights and therapeutic leads. However, despite the large established sequence diversity of natural fucosidases, so far, very few enzymes have been characterized. We explored the diversity of the α-l-fucosidase-containing CAZY family GH29 by bio-informatic analysis, and by the recombinant production and exploration for fucosidase activity of a subset of 82 protein sequences that represent the family's large sequence diversity. After establishing that most of the corresponding proteins can be readily expressed in E. coli, more than half of the obtained recombinant proteins (57% of the entire subset) showed activity towards the simple chromogenic fucosylated substrate 4-nitrophenyl α-l-fucopyranoside. Thirty-seven of these active GH29 enzymes (and the GH29 subtaxa that they represent) had not been characterized before. With such a sequence diversity-based collection available, it can easily be used to screen for fucosidase activity towards biomedically relevant fucosylated glycoproteins. As an example, the subset was used to screen GH29 members for activity towards the naturally occurring sialyl-Lewis x-type epitope on glycoproteins, and several such enzymes were identified. Together, the results provide a significant increase in the diversity of characterized GH29 enzymes, and the recombinant enzymes constitute a resource for the further functional exploration of this enzyme family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Grootaert
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Zwijnaarde, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium
| | - Linde Van Landuyt
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Zwijnaarde, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Zwijnaarde, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium
| | - Nico Callewaert
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Zwijnaarde, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium
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24
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Ashida H, Fujimoto T, Kurihara S, Nakamura M, Komeno M, Huang Y, Katayama T, Kinoshita T, Takegawa K. 1,6-α-L-Fucosidases from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 Involved in the Degradation of Core-fucosylated N -Glycan. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2020; 67:23-29. [PMID: 34429696 PMCID: PMC8367633 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2019_0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 possesses five α-L-fucosidases, which have been previously characterized toward fucosylated human milk oligosaccharides containing α1,2/3/4-linked fucose [Sela et al.: Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 78, 795-803 (2012)]. In this study, two glycoside hydrolase family 29 α-L-fucosidases out of five (Blon_0426 and Blon_0248) were found to be 1,6-α-L-fucosidases acting on core α1,6-fucose on the N-glycan of glycoproteins. These enzymes readily hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl-α-L-fucoside and Fucα1-6GlcNAc, but hardly hydrolyzed Fucα1-6(GlcNAcβ1-4)GlcNAc, suggesting that they de-fucosylate Fucα1-6GlcNAcβ1-Asn-peptides/proteins generated by the action of endo-β- N-acetylglucosaminidase. We demonstrated that Blon_0426 can de-fucosylate Fucα1-6GlcNAc-IgG prepared from Rituximab using Endo-CoM from Cordyceps militaris. To generate homogenous non-fucosylated N-glycan-containing IgG with high antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, the resulting GlcNAc-IgG has a potential to be a good acceptor substrate for the glycosynthase mutant of Endo-M from Mucor hiemalis. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that Blon_0426 and Blon_0248 are useful for glycoprotein glycan remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Ashida
- 1 Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University
| | | | - Shin Kurihara
- 1 Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University
| | - Masayuki Nakamura
- 1 Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University
| | - Masahiro Komeno
- 1 Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University
| | - Yibo Huang
- 3 Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
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25
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Varied Pathways of Infant Gut-Associated Bifidobacterium to Assimilate Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Prevalence of the Gene Set and Its Correlation with Bifidobacteria-Rich Microbiota Formation. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010071. [PMID: 31888048 PMCID: PMC7019425 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The infant's gut microbiome is generally rich in the Bifidobacterium genus. The mother's milk contains natural prebiotics, called human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as the third most abundant solid component after lactose and lipids, and of the different gut microbes, infant gut-associated bifidobacteria are the most efficient in assimilating HMOs. Indeed, the fecal concentration of HMOs was found to be negatively correlated with the fecal abundance of Bifidobacterium in infants. Given these results, two HMO molecules, 2'-fucosyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose, have recently been industrialized to fortify formula milk. As of now, however, our knowledge about the HMO consumption pathways in infant gut-associated bifidobacteria is still incomplete. The recent studies indicate that HMO assimilation abilities significantly vary among different Bifidobacterium species and strains. Therefore, to truly maximize the effects of prebiotic and probiotic supplementation in commercialized formula, we need to understand HMO consumption behaviors of bifidobacteria in more detail. In this review, we summarized how different Bifidobacterium species/strains are equipped with varied gene sets required for HMO assimilation. We then examined the correlation between the abundance of the HMO-related genes and bifidobacteria-rich microbiota formation in the infant gut through data mining analysis of a deposited fecal microbiome shotgun sequencing dataset. Finally, we shortly described future perspectives on HMO-related studies.
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26
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Déjean G, Tauzin AS, Bennett SW, Creagh AL, Brumer H. Adaptation of Syntenic Xyloglucan Utilization Loci of Human Gut Bacteroidetes to Polysaccharide Side Chain Diversity. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e01491-19. [PMID: 31420336 PMCID: PMC6805095 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01491-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome sequencing has revealed substantial variation in the predicted abilities of individual species within animal gut microbiota to metabolize the complex carbohydrates comprising dietary fiber. At the same time, a currently limited body of functional studies precludes a richer understanding of how dietary glycan structures affect the gut microbiota composition and community dynamics. Here, using biochemical and biophysical techniques, we identified and characterized differences among recombinant proteins from syntenic xyloglucan utilization loci (XyGUL) of three Bacteroides and one Dysgonomonas species from the human gut, which drive substrate specificity and access to distinct polysaccharide side chains. Enzymology of four syntenic glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 4 (GH5_4) endo-xyloglucanases revealed surprising differences in xyloglucan (XyG) backbone cleavage specificity, including the ability of some homologs to hydrolyze congested branched positions. Further, differences in the complement of GH43 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases and GH95 alpha-l-fucosidases among syntenic XyGUL confer distinct abilities to fully saccharify plant species-specific arabinogalactoxyloglucan and/or fucogalactoxyloglucan. Finally, characterization of highly sequence-divergent cell surface glycan-binding proteins (SGBPs) across syntenic XyGUL revealed a novel group of XyG oligosaccharide-specific SGBPs encoded within select BacteroidesIMPORTANCE The catabolism of complex carbohydrates that otherwise escape the endogenous digestive enzymes of humans and other animals drives the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Thus, detailed molecular characterization of dietary glycan utilization systems is essential both to understand the ecology of these complex communities and to manipulate their compositions, e.g., to benefit human health. Our research reveals new insight into how ubiquitous members of the human gut microbiota have evolved a set of microheterogeneous gene clusters to efficiently respond to the structural variations of plant xyloglucans. The data here will enable refined functional prediction of xyloglucan utilization among diverse environmental taxa in animal guts and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Déjean
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexandra S Tauzin
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart W Bennett
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Louise Creagh
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Harry Brumer
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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27
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Tanaka N, Nakajima M, Narukawa-Nara M, Matsunaga H, Kamisuki S, Aramasa H, Takahashi Y, Sugimoto N, Abe K, Terada T, Miyanaga A, Yamashita T, Sugawara F, Kamakura T, Komba S, Nakai H, Taguchi H. Identification, characterization, and structural analyses of a fungal endo-β-1,2-glucanase reveal a new glycoside hydrolase family. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7942-7965. [PMID: 30926603 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
endo-β-1,2-Glucanase (SGL) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes β-1,2-glucans, which play important physiological roles in some bacteria as a cyclic form. To date, no eukaryotic SGL has been identified. We purified an SGL from Talaromyces funiculosus (TfSGL), a soil fungus, to homogeneity and then cloned the complementary DNA encoding the enzyme. TfSGL shows no significant sequence similarity to any known glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, but shows significant similarity to certain eukaryotic proteins with unknown functions. The recombinant TfSGL (TfSGLr) specifically hydrolyzed linear and cyclic β-1,2-glucans to sophorose (Glc-β-1,2-Glc) as a main product. TfSGLr hydrolyzed reducing-end-modified β-1,2-gluco-oligosaccharides to release a sophoroside with the modified moiety. These results indicate that TfSGL is an endo-type enzyme that preferably releases sophorose from the reducing end of substrates. Stereochemical analysis demonstrated that TfSGL is an inverting enzyme. The overall structure of TfSGLr includes an (α/α)6 toroid fold. The substrate-binding mode was revealed by the structure of a Michaelis complex of an inactive TfSGLr mutant with a β-1,2-glucoheptasaccharide. Mutational analysis and action pattern analysis of β-1,2-gluco-oligosaccharide derivatives revealed an unprecedented catalytic mechanism for substrate hydrolysis. Glu-262 (general acid) indirectly protonates the anomeric oxygen at subsite -1 via the 3-hydroxy group of the Glc moiety at subsite +2, and Asp-446 (general base) activates the nucleophilic water via another water. TfSGLr is apparently different from a GH144 SGL in the reaction and substrate recognition mechanism based on structural comparison. Overall, we propose that TfSGL and closely-related enzymes can be classified into a new family, GH162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobukiyo Tanaka
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510,
| | - Megumi Narukawa-Nara
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Hiroki Matsunaga
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Shinji Kamisuki
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510.,the School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201
| | - Hiroki Aramasa
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Naohisa Sugimoto
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Koichi Abe
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510.,the Agricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657
| | - Tohru Terada
- the Agricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657
| | - Akimasa Miyanaga
- the Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551
| | | | - Fumio Sugawara
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Takashi Kamakura
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Shiro Komba
- the Food Component Analysis Unit, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakai
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Hayao Taguchi
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
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Guzmán-Rodríguez F, Alatorre-Santamaría S, Gómez-Ruiz L, Rodríguez-Serrano G, García-Garibay M, Cruz-Guerrero A. Employment of fucosidases for the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides with biological potential. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 66:172-191. [PMID: 30508310 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fucosylated oligosaccharides play important physiological roles in humans, including in the immune response, transduction of signals, early embryogenesis and development, growth regulation, apoptosis, pathogen adhesion, and so on. Efforts have been made to synthesize fucosylated oligosaccharides, as it is difficult to purify them from their natural sources, such as human milk, epithelial tissue, blood, and so on. Within the strategies for its in vitro synthesis, it is remarkable the employment of fucosidases, enzymes that normally cleave the fucosyl residue from the non-reducing end of fucosylated compounds, as these enzymes are also capable of synthesizing them by means of a transfucosylation reaction. This review summarizes the progress in the use of fucosidases for the synthesis of compounds that have potential for industrial and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorena Gómez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Mariano García-Garibay
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Edo. de México, México
| | - Alma Cruz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
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29
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Luis AS, Martens EC. Interrogating gut bacterial genomes for discovery of novel carbohydrate degrading enzymes. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 47:126-133. [PMID: 30326425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Individual human gut bacteria often encode hundreds of enzymes for degrading different polysaccharides. Identification of co-localized and co-regulated genes in these bacteria has been a successful approach to identify enzymes that participate in full or partial saccharification of complex carbohydrates, often unmasking novel catalytic activities. Here, we review recent studies that have led to the discovery of new activities from gut bacteria and summarize a general scheme for identifying gut bacteria with novel catalytic abilities, locating the enzymes involved and investigating their activities in detail. The strength of this approach is amplified by the availability of abundant genomic and metagenomic data for the human gut microbiome, which facilitates comparative approaches to mine existing data for new or orthologous enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Luis
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eric C Martens
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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30
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Zúñiga M, Monedero V, Yebra MJ. Utilization of Host-Derived Glycans by Intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Species. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1917. [PMID: 30177920 PMCID: PMC6109692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the genus Lactobacillus are commonly found at the gastrointestinal tract and other mucosal surfaces of humans. This genus includes various species with a great number of potentially probiotic bacteria. Other often-used probiotic species belong to Bifidobacterium, a genus almost exclusively associated with the gut. As probiotics must survive and be metabolically active at their target sites, namely host mucosal surfaces, consumption of host-produced glycans is a key factor for their survival and activity. The ability to metabolize glycans such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), glycosaminoglycans and the glycan moieties of glycoproteins and glycolipids found at the mucosal surfaces grants a competitive advantage to lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The analyses of the great number of sequenced genomes from these bacteria have revealed that many of them encode a wide assortment of genes involved in the metabolism and transport of carbohydrates, including several glycoside hydrolases required for metabolizing the carbohydrate moieties of mucins and HMOs. Here, the current knowledge on the genetic mechanisms, known catabolic pathways and biochemical properties of enzymes involved in the utilization of host-produced glycans by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Monedero
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - María J Yebra
- Laboratorio de Bacterias Lácticas y Probióticos, Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Guzmán-Rodríguez F, Alatorre-Santamaría S, Gómez-Ruiz L, Rodríguez-Serrano G, García-Garibay M, Cruz-Guerrero A. Improvement of the transfucosylation activity of α-L-fucosidase from Thermotoga maritima for the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides in the presence of calcium and sodium. Extremophiles 2018; 22:889-894. [PMID: 30088105 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-018-1045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The influence of CaCl2 and NaCl in the hydrolytic activity and the influence of CaCl2 in the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides using α-L-fucosidase from Thermotoga maritima were evaluated. The hydrolytic activity of α-L-fucosidase from Thermotoga maritima displayed a maximum increase of 67% in the presence of 0.8 M NaCl with water activity (aw) of 0.9672 and of 138% in the presence of 1.1 M CaCl2 (aw 0.9581). In addition, the hydrolytic activity was higher when using CaCl2 compared to NaCl at aw of 0.8956, 0.9581 and 0.9672. On the other hand, the effect of CaCl2 in the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides using 4-nitrophenyl-fucose as donor substrate and lactose as acceptor was studied. In these reactions, the presence of 1.1 M CaCl2 favored the rate of transfucosylation, and improved the yield of synthesis duplicating and triplicating it with lactose concentrations of 58 and 146 mM, respectively. CaCl2 did not significatively affect hydrolysis rate in these reactions. The combination of the activating effect of CaCl2, the decrement in aw and lactose concentration had a synergistic effect favoring the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Guzmán-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Alatorre-Santamaría
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lorena Gómez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rodríguez-Serrano
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariano García-Garibay
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Av. Hidalgo Poniente 46, Col. La Estación, CP 52006, Lerma de Villada, Edo. de México, Mexico
| | - Alma Cruz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.
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32
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Borišek J, Pintar S, Ogrizek M, Turk D, Perdih A, Novič M. A Water-Assisted Catalytic Mechanism in Glycoside Hydrolases Demonstrated on the Staphylococcus aureus Autolysin E. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jure Borišek
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sara Pintar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Ogrizek
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Turk
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Perdih
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marjana Novič
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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33
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Arboleya S, Bottacini F, O'Connell-Motherway M, Ryan CA, Ross RP, van Sinderen D, Stanton C. Gene-trait matching across the Bifidobacterium longum pan-genome reveals considerable diversity in carbohydrate catabolism among human infant strains. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:33. [PMID: 29310579 PMCID: PMC5759876 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bifidobacterium longum is a common member of the human gut microbiota and is frequently present at high numbers in the gut microbiota of humans throughout life, thus indicative of a close symbiotic host-microbe relationship. Different mechanisms may be responsible for the high competitiveness of this taxon in its human host to allow stable establishment in the complex and dynamic intestinal microbiota environment. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic and metabolic diversity in a set of 20 B. longum strains, most of which had previously been isolated from infants, by performing whole genome sequencing and comparative analysis, and to analyse their carbohydrate utilization abilities using a gene-trait matching approach. Results We analysed their pan-genome and their phylogenetic relatedness. All strains clustered in the B. longum ssp. longum phylogenetic subgroup, except for one individual strain which was found to cluster in the B. longum ssp. suis phylogenetic group. The examined strains exhibit genomic diversity, while they also varied in their sugar utilization profiles. This allowed us to perform a gene-trait matching exercise enabling the identification of five gene clusters involved in the utilization of xylo-oligosaccharides, arabinan, arabinoxylan, galactan and fucosyllactose, the latter of which is an abundant human milk oligosaccharide (HMO). Conclusions The results showed high diversity in terms of genes and predicted glycosyl-hydrolases, as well as the ability to metabolize a large range of sugars. Moreover, we corroborate the capability of B. longum ssp. longum to metabolise HMOs. Ultimately, their intraspecific genomic diversity and the ability to consume a wide assortment of carbohydrates, ranging from plant-derived carbohydrates to HMOs, may provide an explanation for the competitive advantage and persistence of B. longum in the human gut microbiome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4388-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Arboleya
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.,Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Francesca Bottacini
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary O'Connell-Motherway
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Anthony Ryan
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Neonatology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. .,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
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Ravcheev DA, Thiele I. Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Human Gut Microbiome Reveals a Broad Distribution of Metabolic Pathways for the Degradation of Host-Synthetized Mucin Glycans and Utilization of Mucin-Derived Monosaccharides. Front Genet 2017; 8:111. [PMID: 28912798 PMCID: PMC5583593 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The colonic mucus layer is a dynamic and complex structure formed by secreted and transmembrane mucins, which are high-molecular-weight and heavily glycosylated proteins. Colonic mucus consists of a loose outer layer and a dense epithelium-attached layer. The outer layer is inhabited by various representatives of the human gut microbiota (HGM). Glycans of the colonic mucus can be used by the HGM as a source of carbon and energy when dietary fibers are not sufficiently available. Both commensals and pathogens can utilize mucin glycans. Commensals are mostly involved in the cleavage of glycans, while pathogens mostly utilize monosaccharides released by commensals. This HGM-derived degradation of the mucus layer increases pathogen susceptibility and causes many other health disorders. Here, we analyzed 397 individual HGM genomes to identify pathways for the cleavage of host-synthetized mucin glycans to monosaccharides as well as for the catabolism of the derived monosaccharides. Our key results are as follows: (i) Genes for the cleavage of mucin glycans were found in 86% of the analyzed genomes, which significantly higher than a previous estimation. (ii) Genes for the catabolism of derived monosaccharides were found in 89% of the analyzed genomes. (iii) Comparative genomic analysis identified four alternative forms of the monosaccharide-catabolizing enzymes and four alternative forms of monosaccharide transporters. (iv) Eighty-five percent of the analyzed genomes may be involved in potential feeding pathways for the monosaccharides derived from cleaved mucin glycans. (v) The analyzed genomes demonstrated different abilities to degrade known mucin glycans. Generally, the ability to degrade at least one type of mucin glycan was predicted for 81% of the analyzed genomes. (vi) Eighty-two percent of the analyzed genomes can form mutualistic pairs that are able to degrade mucin glycans and are not degradable by any of the paired organisms alone. Taken together, these findings provide further insight into the inter-microbial communications of the HGM as well as into host-HGM interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Ravcheev
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Ines Thiele
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Unusual active site location and catalytic apparatus in a glycoside hydrolase family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:4936-4941. [PMID: 28396425 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701130114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota use complex carbohydrates as major nutrients. The requirement for an efficient glycan degrading systems exerts a major selection pressure on this microbial community. Thus, we propose that these bacteria represent a substantial resource for discovering novel carbohydrate active enzymes. To test this hypothesis, we focused on enzymes that hydrolyze rhamnosidic bonds, as cleavage of these linkages is chemically challenging and there is a paucity of information on l-rhamnosidases. Here we screened the activity of enzymes derived from the human gut microbiota bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, which are up-regulated in response to rhamnose-containing glycans. We identified an α-l-rhamnosidase, BT3686, which is the founding member of a glycoside hydrolase (GH) family, GH145. In contrast to other rhamnosidases, BT3686 cleaved l-Rha-α1,4-d-GlcA linkages through a retaining double-displacement mechanism. The crystal structure of BT3686 showed that the enzyme displayed a type A seven-bladed β-propeller fold. Mutagenesis and crystallographic studies, including the structure of BT3686 in complex with the reaction product GlcA, revealed a location for the active site among β-propeller enzymes cited on the posterior surface of the rhamnosidase. In contrast to the vast majority of GH, the catalytic apparatus of BT3686 does not comprise a pair of carboxylic acid residues but, uniquely, a single histidine functions as the only discernable catalytic amino acid. Intriguingly, the histidine, His48, is not invariant in GH145; however, when engineered into structural homologs lacking the imidazole residue, α-l-rhamnosidase activity was established. The potential contribution of His48 to the catalytic activity of BT3686 is discussed.
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Ndeh D, Rogowski A, Cartmell A, Luis AS, Baslé A, Gray J, Venditto I, Briggs J, Zhang X, Labourel A, Terrapon N, Buffetto F, Nepogodiev S, Xiao Y, Field RA, Zhu Y, O’Neil MA, Urbanowicz BR, York WS, Davies GJ, Abbott DW, Ralet MC, Martens EC, Henrissat B, Gilbert HJ. Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions. Nature 2017; 544:65-70. [PMID: 28329766 PMCID: PMC5388186 DOI: 10.1038/nature21725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The metabolism of carbohydrate polymers drives microbial diversity in the human gut microbiota. It is unclear, however, whether bacterial consortia or single organisms are required to depolymerize highly complex glycans. Here we show that the gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron uses the most structurally complex glycan known: the plant pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan-II, cleaving all but 1 of its 21 distinct glycosidic linkages. The deconstruction of rhamnogalacturonan-II side chains and backbone are coordinated to overcome steric constraints, and the degradation involves previously undiscovered enzyme families and catalytic activities. The degradation system informs revision of the current structural model of rhamnogalacturonan-II and highlights how individual gut bacteria orchestrate manifold enzymes to metabolize the most challenging glycan in the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Ndeh
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Artur Rogowski
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Alan Cartmell
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Ana S. Luis
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Arnaud Baslé
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Joseph Gray
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Immacolata Venditto
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Jonathon Briggs
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Aurore Labourel
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Nicolas Terrapon
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques,
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille University,
F-13288 Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Buffetto
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300
Nantes, France
| | - Sergey Nepogodiev
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre Norwich
Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert A. Field
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre Norwich
Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315
Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Malcolm A. O’Neil
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315
Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Breeana R. Urbanowicz
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315
Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - William S. York
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315
Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eric C. Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bernard Henrissat
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques,
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille University,
F-13288 Marseille, France
- INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, F-13288 Marseille, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harry J. Gilbert
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University,
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
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Fucosyltransferases produce N-glycans containing core l-galactose. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 483:658-663. [PMID: 27993676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
l-Galactose (l-Gal) containing N-glycans and cell wall polysaccharides have been detected in the l-Fuc deficient mur1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. The l-Gal residue is thought to be transferred from GDP-l-Gal, which is a structurally related analog of GDP-l-Fuc, but in vitrol-galactosylation activity has never been detected. In this study, we carried out preparative scale GDP-l-Gal synthesis using recombinant A. thaliana GDP-mannose-3',5'-epimerase. We also demonstrated the l-galactosylation assay of mouse α1,6-fucosyltransferase (MmFUT8) and A. thaliana α1,3-fucosyltransferase (AtFucTA). Both fucosyltransferases showed l-galactosylation activity from GDP-l-Gal to asparagine-linked N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine of asialo-agalacto-bi-antennary N-glycan instead of l-fucosylation. In addition, the apparent Km values of MmFUT8 and AtFucTA suggest that l-Fuc was preferentially transferred to N-glycan compared with l-Gal by fucosyltransferases. Our results clearly demonstrate that MmFUT8 and AtFucTA transfer l-Gal residues from GDP-l-Gal and synthesize l-Gal containing N-glycan in vitro.
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38
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Sugiyama Y, Katoh T, Honda Y, Gotoh A, Ashida H, Kurihara S, Yamamoto K, Katayama T. Application study of 1,2-α-l-fucosynthase: introduction of Fucα1-2Gal disaccharide structures on N-glycan, ganglioside, and xyloglucan oligosaccharide. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 81:283-291. [PMID: 27832720 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1254532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have recently generated a highly efficient 1,2-α-l-fucosynthase (BbAfcA N423H mutant) by protein engineering of 1,2-α-l-fucosidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM 1254. This synthase could specifically introduce H-antigens (Fucα1-2Gal) into the non-reducing ends of oligosaccharides and in O-linked glycans in mucin glycoprotein. In the present study, we show an extended application of the engineered 1,2-α-l-fucosynthase by demonstrating its ability to insert Fuc residues into N- and O-glycans in fetuin glycoproteins, GM1 ganglioside, and a plant-derived xyloglucan nonasaccharide. This application study broadens the feasibility of this novel H-antigen synthesis technique in functional glycomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Sugiyama
- a Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Nonoichi , Japan
| | - Toshihiko Katoh
- a Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Nonoichi , Japan.,b Graduate School of Biostudies , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Yuji Honda
- a Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Nonoichi , Japan
| | - Aina Gotoh
- a Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Nonoichi , Japan.,b Graduate School of Biostudies , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Hisashi Ashida
- c Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology , Kindai University , Kinokawa , Japan
| | - Shin Kurihara
- a Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Nonoichi , Japan
| | - Kenji Yamamoto
- a Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Nonoichi , Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- a Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Nonoichi , Japan.,b Graduate School of Biostudies , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
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39
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Purification, expression and characterization of a novel α-l-fucosidase from a marine bacteria Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 129:9-17. [PMID: 27576198 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
α-l-Fucosyl residues are frequently found in oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates which play fundamental roles in various biological processes. α-l-Fucosidases, glycoside hydrolases for catalyzing the removal of α-l-fucose, can serve as desirable tools in the study and the modification of fucose-containing biomolecules. In this study, an α-l-fucosidase named as Alf1_Wf was purified from a marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica by using a combination of chromatographic procedures. The sequence of Alf1_Wf was identified via proteomics analysis against the predicted proteome of the bacterium. Recombinant Alf1_Wf with 6×His tag was expressed in E. coli and showed α-l-fucosidase activity. Sequence annotation revealed that Alf1_Wf contained a combination of GH29 catalytic domain and CBM35 accessory domain. Alf1_Wf was confirmed as a member of GH29-A subfamily based on the phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, biochemical properties and kinetic characteristics of the enzyme were also determined. Substrate specificity determination showed that Alf1_Wf was capable in hydrolyzing α1,4-fucosidic linkage and synthetic substrate pNP-fucose. Besides, Alf1_Wf could act on partially degraded fucoidan. This study successfully purified, identified, cloned, expressed and characterized a novel α-l-fucosidase, and meanwhile revealed a new multidomain structure of glycoside hydrolase. The knowledge gained from this study should facilitate the further research and application of α-l-fucosidases.
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40
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Sugiyama Y, Gotoh A, Katoh T, Honda Y, Yoshida E, Kurihara S, Ashida H, Kumagai H, Yamamoto K, Kitaoka M, Katayama T. Introduction of H-antigens into oligosaccharides and sugar chains of glycoproteins using highly efficient 1,2-α-l-fucosynthase. Glycobiology 2016; 26:1235-1247. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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41
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Baba Y, Sumitani JI, Tanaka K, Tani S, Kawaguchi T. Site-saturation mutagenesis for β-glucosidase 1 from Aspergillus aculeatus to accelerate the saccharification of alkaline-pretreated bagasse. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:10495-10507. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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42
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Katayama T. Host-derived glycans serve as selected nutrients for the gut microbe: human milk oligosaccharides and bifidobacteria†. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:621-32. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1132153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lactation is a common feeding strategy of eutherian mammals, but its functions go beyond feeding the neonates. Ever since Tissier isolated bifidobacteria from the stool of breast-fed infants, human milk has been postulated to contain compounds that selectively stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in intestines. However, until relatively recently, there have been no reports to link human milk compound(s) with bifidobacterial physiology. Over the past decade, successive studies have demonstrated that infant-gut-associated bifidobacteria are equipped with genetic and enzymatic toolsets dedicated to assimilation of host-derived glycans, especially human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Among gut microbes, the presence of enzymes required for degrading HMOs with type-1 chains is essentially limited to infant-gut-associated bifidobacteria, suggesting HMOs serve as selected nutrients for the bacteria. In this study, I shortly discuss the research on bifidobacteria and HMOs from a historical perspective and summarize the roles of bifidobacterial enzymes in the assimilation of HMOs with type-1 chains. Based on this overview, I suggest the co-evolution between bifidobacteria and human beings mediated by HMOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takane Katayama
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Japan
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43
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Structural basis for two-step glucose trimming by glucosidase II involved in ER glycoprotein quality control. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20575. [PMID: 26847925 PMCID: PMC4742823 DOI: 10.1038/srep20575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a sophisticated protein quality control system for the efficient folding of newly synthesized proteins. In this system, a variety of N-linked oligosaccharides displayed on proteins serve as signals recognized by series of intracellular lectins. Glucosidase II catalyzes two-step hydrolysis at α1,3-linked glucose–glucose and glucose–mannose residues of high-mannose-type glycans to generate a quality control protein tag that is transiently expressed on glycoproteins and recognized by ER chaperones. Here we determined the crystal structures of the catalytic α subunit of glucosidase II (GIIα) complexed with two different glucosyl ligands containing the scissile bonds of first- and second-step reactions. Our structural data revealed that the nonreducing terminal disaccharide moieties of the two kinds of substrates can be accommodated in a gourd-shaped bilocular pocket, thereby providing a structural basis for substrate-binding specificity in the two-step deglucosylation catalyzed by this enzyme.
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44
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Hottin A, Carrión-Jiménez S, Moreno-Clavijo E, Moreno-Vargas AJ, Carmona AT, Robina I, Behr JB. Expanding the library of divalent fucosidase inhibitors with polyamino and triazole-benzyl bridged bispyrrolidines. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3212-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00212a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A small library of divalent fucosidase inhibitors containing pyrrolidine motifs were prepared and evaluated as α-fucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Hottin
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims
- CNRS UMR 7312
- UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles
- 51687 Reims Cedex 2
| | | | - Elena Moreno-Clavijo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | | | - Ana T. Carmona
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Inmaculada Robina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Sevilla
- Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Jean-Bernard Behr
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims
- CNRS UMR 7312
- UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles
- 51687 Reims Cedex 2
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45
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Parasuram R, Mills CL, Wang Z, Somasundaram S, Beuning PJ, Ondrechen MJ. Local structure based method for prediction of the biochemical function of proteins: Applications to glycoside hydrolases. Methods 2016; 93:51-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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46
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Fan S, Zhang H, Chen X, Lu L, Xu L, Xiao M. Cloning, characterization, and production of three α-l-fucosidases fromClostridium perfringensATCC 13124. J Basic Microbiol 2015; 56:347-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuquan Fan
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Huaqin Zhang
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Xiaodi Chen
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Lili Lu
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Min Xiao
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, National Glycoengineering Research Center, and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology; Shandong University; Jinan China
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47
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Saumonneau A, Champion E, Peltier-Pain P, Molnar-Gabor D, Hendrickx J, Tran V, Hederos M, Dekany G, Tellier C. Design of an α-l-transfucosidase for the synthesis of fucosylated HMOs. Glycobiology 2015; 26:261-9. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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48
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Glycan complexity dictates microbial resource allocation in the large intestine. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7481. [PMID: 26112186 PMCID: PMC4491172 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of the human gut microbiota is controlled primarily through the degradation of complex dietary carbohydrates, but the extent to which carbohydrate breakdown products are shared between members of the microbiota is unclear. We show here, using xylan as a model, that sharing the breakdown products of complex carbohydrates by key members of the microbiota, such as Bacteroides ovatus, is dependent on the complexity of the target glycan. Characterization of the extensive xylan degrading apparatus expressed by B. ovatus reveals that the breakdown of the polysaccharide by the human gut microbiota is significantly more complex than previous models suggested, which were based on the deconstruction of xylans containing limited monosaccharide side chains. Our report presents a highly complex and dynamic xylan degrading apparatus that is fine-tuned to recognize the different forms of the polysaccharide presented to the human gut microbiota. The human gut microbiota helps us to degrade complex dietary carbohydrates such as xylan and, in turn, the carbohydrate breakdown products control the structure of the microbiota. Here the authors characterize the xylan-degrading apparatus of a key member of the gut microbiota, Bacteroides ovatus.
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Tailford LE, Crost EH, Kavanaugh D, Juge N. Mucin glycan foraging in the human gut microbiome. Front Genet 2015; 6:81. [PMID: 25852737 PMCID: PMC4365749 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of host and dietary carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a key role in shaping the structure-function of the microbiota. In particular, some gut bacteria have the ability to forage on glycans provided by the mucus layer covering the GI tract. The O-glycan structures present in mucin are diverse and complex, consisting predominantly of core 1-4 mucin-type O-glycans containing α- and β- linked N-acetyl-galactosamine, galactose and N-acetyl-glucosamine. These core structures are further elongated and frequently modified by fucose and sialic acid sugar residues via α1,2/3/4 and α2,3/6 linkages, respectively. The ability to metabolize these mucin O-linked oligosaccharides is likely to be a key factor in determining which bacterial species colonize the mucosal surface. Due to their proximity to the immune system, mucin-degrading bacteria are in a prime location to influence the host response. However, despite the growing number of bacterial genome sequences available from mucin degraders, our knowledge on the structural requirements for mucin degradation by gut bacteria remains fragmented. This is largely due to the limited number of functionally characterized enzymes and the lack of studies correlating the specificity of these enzymes with the ability of the strain to degrade and utilize mucin and mucin glycans. This review focuses on recent findings unraveling the molecular strategies used by mucin-degrading bacteria to utilize host glycans, adapt to the mucosal environment, and influence human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nathalie Juge
- The Gut Health and Food Safety Institute Strategic Programme, Institute of Food ResearchNorwich, UK
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Abstract
The important roles played by human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS), the third major component of human milk, in the health of breast-fed infants have been increasingly recognized, as the structures of more than 100 different HMOS have now been elucidated. Despite the recognition of the various functions of HMOS as prebiotics, antiadhesive antimicrobials, and immunomodulators, the roles and the applications of individual HMOS species are less clear. This is mainly due to the limited accessibility to large amounts of individual HMOS in their pure forms. Current advances in the development of enzymatic, chemoenzymatic, whole-cell, and living-cell systems allow for the production of a growing number of HMOS in increasing amounts. This effort will greatly facilitate the elucidation of the important roles of HMOS and allow exploration into the applications of HMOS both as individual compounds and as mixtures of defined structures with desired functions. The structures, functions, and enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of HMOS are briefly surveyed to provide a general picture about the current progress on these aspects. Future efforts should be devoted to elucidating the structures of more complex HMOS, synthesizing more complex HMOS including those with branched structures, and developing HMOS-based or HMOS-inspired prebiotics, additives, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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