1
|
Dauphin BG, Ropartz D, Ranocha P, Rouffle M, Carton C, Le Ru A, Martinez Y, Fourquaux I, Ollivier S, Mac-Bear J, Trezel P, Geairon A, Jamet E, Dunand C, Pelloux J, Ralet MC, Burlat V. TBL38 atypical homogalacturonan-acetylesterase activity and cell wall microdomain localization in Arabidopsis seed mucilage secretory cells. iScience 2024; 27:109666. [PMID: 38665206 PMCID: PMC11043868 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant cell walls constitute complex polysaccharidic/proteinaceous networks whose biosynthesis and dynamics implicate several cell compartments. The synthesis and remodeling of homogalacturonan pectins involve Golgi-localized methylation/acetylation and subsequent cell wall-localized demethylation/deacetylation. So far, TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE (TBL) family members have been described as Golgi-localized acetyltransferases targeting diverse hemicelluloses or pectins. Using seed mucilage secretory cells (MSCs) from Arabidopsis thaliana, we demonstrate the atypical localization of TBL38 restricted to a cell wall microdomain. A tbl38 mutant displays an intriguing homogalacturonan immunological phenotype in this cell wall microdomain and in an MSC surface-enriched abrasion powder. Mass spectrometry oligosaccharide profiling of this fraction reveals an increased homogalacturonan acetylation phenotype. Finally, TBL38 displays pectin acetylesterase activity in vitro. These results indicate that TBL38 is an atypical cell wall-localized TBL that displays a homogalacturonan acetylesterase activity rather than a Golgi-localized acetyltransferase activity as observed in previously studied TBLs. TBL38 function during seed development is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bastien G. Dauphin
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS- INPT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - David Ropartz
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, PROBE Research Infrastructure, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Ranocha
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS- INPT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Maxime Rouffle
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Camille Carton
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Aurélie Le Ru
- Plateforme Imagerie-Microscopie, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS, Fédération de Recherche FR3450 - Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Yves Martinez
- Plateforme Imagerie-Microscopie, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS, Fédération de Recherche FR3450 - Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Isabelle Fourquaux
- Centre de Microscopie Electronique Appliquée la Biologie (CMEAB), Faculté de Médecine Rangueil, UT3, Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Ollivier
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, PROBE Research Infrastructure, Nantes, France
| | - Jessica Mac-Bear
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, PROBE Research Infrastructure, Nantes, France
| | - Pauline Trezel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS- INPT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Jamet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS- INPT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS- INPT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Jérôme Pelloux
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | - Vincent Burlat
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UT3-CNRS- INPT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aoi Y, Benamar A, Saulnier L, Ralet MC, North HM. Biochemical data documenting variations in mucilage polysaccharides in a range of glycosyltransferase mutants. Sci Data 2023; 10:702. [PMID: 37838800 PMCID: PMC10576798 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02604-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During Arabidopsis seed coat development, copious amounts of mucilage polysaccharides are produced in the epidermal cells. When hydrated on imbibition, these polysaccharides expand and are released to encapsulate the seed as a two-layered hydrogel. Polysaccharides are synthesized from UDP-sugars by glycosyltransferases (GTs) and several GTs, with differing activities, have been identified that contribute to mucilage polysaccharide synthesis. How these GTs orchestrate production of the complex polysaccharides found in mucilage remains to be determined. In this study, we generated a range of multiple GT mutants using either CRISPR/Cas9 targeted mutation or genetic crosses of existing T-DNA insertion mutants. Four traits for mucilage amounts or macromolecular properties were examined for four replicate seed lots from 31 different GT mutant combinations. This data provides a valuable resource for future genetic, biochemical, structural, and functional studies of the roles and properties of polysaccharides present in Arabidopsis mucilage and the relative contributions of different GTs to mucilage production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Aoi
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA, 3 impasse Yvette Cauchois, CS71627, 44316 Cedex3, Nantes, France
| | - Abdelilah Benamar
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Luc Saulnier
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA, 3 impasse Yvette Cauchois, CS71627, 44316 Cedex3, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA, 3 impasse Yvette Cauchois, CS71627, 44316 Cedex3, Nantes, France.
| | - Helen M North
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cebin AV, Ralet MC, Vigouroux J, Karača S, Martinić A, Komes D, Bonnin E. Valorisation of walnut shell and pea pod as novel sources for the production of xylooligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 263:117932. [PMID: 33858566 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
According to the high interest in agro-industrial waste reutilisation, underutilised lignocellulosic materials, such as walnut shell (WS) and pea pod (PP), come in focus. The aim of this paper was to evaluate WS and PP as sources for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS). Hemicelluloses from WS and PP were recovered by combining varying parameters of delignification and alkaline extraction. At optimal recovery conditions, the fractions were further hydrolysed to XOS using GH11 endo-xylanase, by varying time and enzyme concentration. Xylose was predominant in the monomeric composition of the obtained hemicelluloses, building low-branched (arabino)glucuronoxylan, in WS exclusively, while in PP some xyloglucan as well. Delignification was essential for high recovery of total xylose from the materials, up to at least 70 %. High xylan conversions were obtained for 24 h hydrolysis, resulting in xylobiose and xylotriose when using low enzyme concentration, while in xylose and xylobiose with high enzyme concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Vojvodić Cebin
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology University of Zagreb, Department of Food Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | - Sara Karača
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology University of Zagreb, Department of Food Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Arijana Martinić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology University of Zagreb, Department of Food Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Draženka Komes
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology University of Zagreb, Department of Food Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Estelle Bonnin
- INRAE, UR BIA Biopolymers - Interactions - Assemblies, F-44316, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saez-Aguayo S, Parra-Rojas JP, Sepúlveda-Orellana P, Celiz-Balboa J, Arenas-Morales V, Sallé C, Salinas-Grenet H, Largo-Gosens A, North HM, Ralet MC, Orellana A. Transport of UDP-rhamnose by URGT2, URGT4, and URGT6 modulates rhamnogalacturonan-I length. Plant Physiol 2021; 185:914-933. [PMID: 33793913 PMCID: PMC8133686 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Rhamnogalacturonan-I biosynthesis occurs in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus, a compartment where UDP-Rhamnose and UDP-Galacturonic Acid are the main substrates for synthesis of the backbone polymer of pectin. Recent studies showed that UDP-Rha is transported from the cytosol into the Golgi apparatus by a family of six UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporters (URGT1-6). In this study, analysis of adherent and soluble mucilage (SM) of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds revealed distinct roles of URGT2, URGT4, and URGT6 in mucilage biosynthesis. Characterization of SM polymer size showed shorter chains in the urgt2 urgt4 and urgt2 urgt4 urgt6 mutants, suggesting that URGT2 and URGT4 are mainly involved in Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) elongation. Meanwhile, mutants in urgt6 exhibited changes only in adherent mucilage (AM). Surprisingly, the estimated number of RG-I polymer chains present in urgt2 urgt4 and urgt2 urgt4 urgt6 mutants was higher than in wild-type. Interestingly, the increased number of shorter RG-I chains was accompanied by an increased amount of xylan. In the urgt mutants, expression analysis of other genes involved in mucilage biosynthesis showed some compensation. Studies of mutants of transcription factors regulating mucilage formation indicated that URGT2, URGT4, and URGT6 are likely part of a gene network controlled by these regulators and involved in RG-I synthesis. These results suggest that URGT2, URGT4, and URGT6 play different roles in the biosynthesis of mucilage, and the lack of all three affects the production of shorter RG-I polymers and longer xylan domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Saez-Aguayo
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | - Christine Sallé
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRAE-AgroParisTech, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | | | - Asier Largo-Gosens
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Helen M North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRAE-AgroParisTech, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | | | - Ariel Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cambert M, Berger A, Sallé C, Esling S, Charif D, Cadoret T, Ralet MC, North HM, Rondeau-Mouro C. Datasets of seed mucilage traits for Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions with atypical outer mucilage. Sci Data 2021; 8:79. [PMID: 33750820 PMCID: PMC7943791 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana become encapsulated by a layer of mucilage when imbibed. This polysaccharide-rich hydrogel is constituted of two layers, an outer layer that can be easily extracted with water and an inner layer that must be examined in situ in order to study its properties and structure in a non-destructive manner or disintegrated through hydrolysis or physical means in order to analyze its constituents. Mucilage production is an adaptive trait and we have exploited 19 natural accessions previously found to have atypical and varied outer mucilage characteristics. A detailed study using biochemical, histological and Time-Domain NMR analyses has been used to generate three related datasets covering 33 traits measured in four biological replicates. This data will be a rich resource for genetic, biochemical, structural and functional analyses investigating mucilage constituent polysaccharides or their role as adaptive traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Cambert
- INRAE, UR1466 OPAALE, 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, 35044, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Adeline Berger
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Route de Saint Cyr, RD10, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Christine Sallé
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Route de Saint Cyr, RD10, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Stéphanie Esling
- INRAE, UR1466 OPAALE, 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, 35044, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Delphine Charif
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Route de Saint Cyr, RD10, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Tudel Cadoret
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA, 3, Impasse Yvette Cauchois, CS 71627, 44316 Cedex 3, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA, 3, Impasse Yvette Cauchois, CS 71627, 44316 Cedex 3, Nantes, France
| | - Helen M North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Route de Saint Cyr, RD10, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fabrissin I, Cueff G, Berger A, Granier F, Sallé C, Poulain D, Ralet MC, North HM. Natural Variation Reveals a Key Role for Rhamnogalacturonan I in Seed Outer Mucilage and Underlying Genes. Plant Physiol 2019; 181:1498-1518. [PMID: 31591153 PMCID: PMC6878024 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
On imbibition, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seeds release polysaccharides from their epidermal cells that form a two-layered hydrogel, termed mucilage. Analysis of a publicly available data set of outer seed mucilage traits of over 300 accessions showed little natural variation in composition. This mucilage is almost exclusively made up of rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI), highlighting the importance of this pectin for outer mucilage function. In a genome-wide association study, observed variations in polymer amount and macromolecular characteristics were linked to several genome polymorphisms, indicating the complexity of their genetic regulation. Natural variants with high molar mass were associated with a gene encoding a putative glycosyltransferase called MUCILAGE-RELATED70 (MUCI70). muci70 insertion mutants produced many short RGI polymers that were highly substituted with xylan, confirming that polymorphism in this gene can affect RGI polymer size. A second gene encoding a putative copper amine oxidase of clade 1a (CuAOα1) was associated with natural variation in the amount of RGI present in the outer mucilage layer; cuaoα1 mutants validated its role in pectin production. As the mutant phenotype is unique, with RGI production only impaired for outer mucilage, this indicates that CuAOα1 contributes to a further mechanism controlling mucilage synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Fabrissin
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France
| | - Gwendal Cueff
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France
| | - Adeline Berger
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Granier
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France
| | - Christine Sallé
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France
| | - Damien Poulain
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Helen M North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Poulain D, Botran L, North HM, Ralet MC. Composition and physicochemical properties of outer mucilage from seeds of Arabidopsis natural accessions. AoB Plants 2019; 11:plz031. [PMID: 31281620 PMCID: PMC6600900 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) seeds are myxospermous and release two layers of mucilage on imbibition. The outer layer can be extracted with water facilitating the analysis of its major constituent, polysaccharides. The composition and properties of outer mucilage have been determined for 306 natural accessions and six control genotypes to generate a data set comprising six traits measured in four biological replicates for each. Future exploitation of this data is possible in a range of analyses and should yield information concerning genetic diversity, underlying genetic factors and the biological function of mucilage as an adaptive trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Poulain
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Lucy Botran
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Helen M North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, Nantes, France
- Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Šola K, Gilchrist EJ, Ropartz D, Wang L, Feussner I, Mansfield SD, Ralet MC, Haughn GW. RUBY, a Putative Galactose Oxidase, Influences Pectin Properties and Promotes Cell-To-Cell Adhesion in the Seed Coat Epidermis of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 2019; 31:809-831. [PMID: 30852555 PMCID: PMC6501606 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell adhesion is essential for establishment of multicellularity. In plants, such adhesion is mediated through a middle lamella composed primarily of pectic polysaccharides. The molecular interactions that influence cell-to-cell adhesion are not fully understood. We have used Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed coat mucilage as a model system to investigate interactions between cell wall carbohydrates. Using a forward-genetic approach, we have discovered a gene, RUBY PARTICLES IN MUCILAGE (RUBY), encoding a protein that is annotated as a member of the Auxiliary Activity 5 (AA5) family of Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (Gal/glyoxal oxidases) and is secreted to the apoplast late in the differentiation of seed coat epidermal cells. We show that RUBY is required for the Gal oxidase activity of intact seeds; the oxidation of Gal in side-chains of rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) present in mucilage-modified2 (mum2) mucilage, but not in wild-type mucilage; the retention of branched RG-I in the seed following extrusion; and the enhancement of cell-to-cell adhesion in the seed coat epidermis. These data support the hypothesis that RUBY is a Gal oxidase that strengthens pectin cohesion within the middle lamella, and possibly the mucilage of wild-type seed coat epidermal cells, through oxidation of RG-I Gal side-chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Šola
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Erin J Gilchrist
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David Ropartz
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nantes 44316, France
| | - Lisa Wang
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute, University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Shawn D Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | | | - George W Haughn
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ndeh D, Rogowski A, Cartmell A, Luis AS, Baslé A, Gray J, Venditto I, Briggs J, Zhang X, Labourel A, Terrapon N, Buffetto F, Nepogodiev S, Xiao Y, Field RA, Zhu Y, O'Neill MA, Urbanowicz BR, York WS, Davies GJ, Abbott DW, Ralet MC, Martens EC, Henrissat B, Gilbert HJ. Corrigendum: Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions. Nature 2017; 548:612. [PMID: 29411780 DOI: 10.1038/nature23659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/nature21725.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ndeh D, Rogowski A, Cartmell A, Luis AS, Baslé A, Gray J, Venditto I, Briggs J, Zhang X, Labourel A, Terrapon N, Buffetto F, Nepogodiev S, Xiao Y, Field RA, Zhu Y, O'Neil MA, Urbanowicz BR, York WS, Davies GJ, Abbott DW, Ralet MC, Martens EC, Henrissat B, Gilbert HJ. Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions. Nature 2017; 544:65-70. [PMID: 28329766 PMCID: PMC5388186 DOI: 10.1038/nature21725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate polymers drive microbial diversity in the human gut
microbiota. It is unclear, however, whether bacterial consortia or single
organisms are required to depolymerize highly complex glycans. Here we show that
the gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron utilizes the
most structurally complex glycan known; the plant pectic polysaccharide
rhamnogalacturonan-II, cleaving all but one of its 21 distinct glycosidic
linkages. We show that rhamnogalacturonan-II side-chain and backbone
deconstruction are coordinated, to overcome steric constraints, and that
degradation reveals previously undiscovered enzyme families and novel catalytic
activities. The degradome informs revision of the current structural model of
RG-II and highlights how individual gut bacteria orchestrate manifold enzymes to
metabolize the most challenging glycans in the human diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didier Ndeh
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Artur Rogowski
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Alan Cartmell
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Ana S Luis
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Arnaud Baslé
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Joseph Gray
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Immacolata Venditto
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Jonathon Briggs
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Aurore Labourel
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Nicolas Terrapon
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille University, F-13288 Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Buffetto
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Sergey Nepogodiev
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert A Field
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Malcolm A O'Neil
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Breeana R Urbanowicz
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - William S York
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Gideon J Davies
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | | | | | - Eric C Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bernard Henrissat
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille University, F-13288 Marseille, France.,INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, F-13288 Marseille, France.,Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harry J Gilbert
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ralet MC, Crépeau MJ, Vigouroux J, Tran J, Berger A, Sallé C, Granier F, Botran L, North HM. Xylans Provide the Structural Driving Force for Mucilage Adhesion to the Arabidopsis Seed Coat. Plant Physiol 2016; 171:165-78. [PMID: 26979331 PMCID: PMC4854713 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed coat epidermal cells produce large amounts of mucilage that is released upon imbibition. This mucilage is structured into two domains: an outer diffuse layer that can be easily removed by agitation and an inner layer that remains attached to the outer seed coat. Both layers are composed primarily of pectic rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), the inner layer also containing rays of cellulose that extend from the top of each columella. Perturbation in cellulosic ray formation has systematically been associated with a redistribution of pectic mucilage from the inner to the outer layer, in agreement with cellulose-pectin interactions, the nature of which remained unknown. Here, by analyzing the outer layer composition of a series of mutant alleles, a tight proportionality of xylose, galacturonic acid, and rhamnose was evidenced, except for mucilage modified5-1 (mum5-1; a mutant showing a redistribution of mucilage pectin from the inner adherent layer to the outer soluble one), for which the rhamnose-xylose ratio was increased drastically. Biochemical and in vitro binding assay data demonstrated that xylan chains are attached to RG-I chains and mediate the adsorption of mucilage to cellulose microfibrils. mum5-1 mucilage exhibited very weak adsorption to cellulose. MUM5 was identified as a putative xylosyl transferase recently characterized as MUCI21. Together, these findings suggest that the binding affinity of xylose ramifications on RG-I to a cellulose scaffold is one of the factors involved in the formation of the adherent mucilage layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Marie-Jeanne Crépeau
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Jacqueline Vigouroux
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Joseph Tran
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Adeline Berger
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Christine Sallé
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Fabienne Granier
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Lucy Botran
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| | - Helen M North
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France (M.-C.R., M.-J.C., J.V.); andInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026 Versailles cedex, France (J.T., A.B., C.S., F.G., L.B., H.M.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Griffiths JS, Crepeau MJ, Ralet MC, Seifert GJ, North HM. Dissecting Seed Mucilage Adherence Mediated by FEI2 and SOS5. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1073. [PMID: 27524986 PMCID: PMC4965450 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The plant cell wall is held together by the interactions between four major components: cellulose, pectin, hemicellulose, and proteins. Mucilage is a powerful model system to study the interactions between these components as it is formed of polysaccharides that are deposited in the apoplast of seed coat epidermal cells during seed development. When seeds are hydrated, these polysaccharides expand rapidly out of the apoplastic pocket, and form an adherent halo of mucilage around the seed. In Arabidopsis, mutations in multiple genes have similar loss of mucilage adherence phenotypes including CELLULOSE SYNTHASE 5 (CESA5)/MUCILAGE-MODIFIED 3 (MUM3), MUM5/MUCI21, SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE 5 (SOS5), and FEI2. Here, we examine the interactions between these factors to better understand how they participate to control mucilage adherence. Double mutant phenotypes indicated that MUM5 and CESA5 function in a common mechanism that adheres pectin to the seed through the biosynthesis of cellulose and xylan, whereas SOS5 and FEI2, encoding a fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein or a receptor-like kinase, respectively, function through an independent pathway. Cytological analyses of mucilage indicates that heteromannans are associated with cellulose, and not in the pathway involving SOS5 or FEI2. A SOS5 fluorescent protein fusion (SOS5-mCITRINE) was localized throughout the mucilage pocket, consistent with a structural role in pectin adhesion. The relationship between SOS5 and FEI2 mediated mucilage adherence was examined in more detail and while sos5 and fei2 mutants show similar phenotypes, key differences in the macromolecular characteristics and amounts of mucilage polymers were observed. FEI2 thus appears to have additional, as well as overlapping functions, with SOS5. Given that FEI2 is required for SOS5 function, we propose that FEI2 serves to localize SOS5 at the plasma membrane where it establishes interactions with mucilage polysaccharides, notably pectins, required for mucilage adherence prior to SOS5 being released into the apoplast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S. Griffiths
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, VersaillesFrance
- *Correspondence: Jonathan S. Griffiths,
| | - Marie-Jeanne Crepeau
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, NantesFrance
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, NantesFrance
| | - Georg J. Seifert
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, ViennaAustria
| | - Helen M. North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, VersaillesFrance
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cornuault V, Buffetto F, Rydahl MG, Marcus SE, Torode TA, Xue J, Crépeau MJ, Faria-Blanc N, Willats WGT, Dupree P, Ralet MC, Knox JP. Monoclonal antibodies indicate low-abundance links between heteroxylan and other glycans of plant cell walls. Planta 2015; 242:1321-1334. [PMID: 26208585 PMCID: PMC4605975 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2375-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The derivation of two sensitive monoclonal antibodies directed to heteroxylan cell wall polysaccharide preparations has allowed the identification of potential inter-linkages between xylan and pectin in potato tuber cell walls and also between xylan and arabinogalactan-proteins in oat grain cell walls. Plant cell walls are complex composites of structurally distinct glycans that are poorly understood in terms of both in muro inter-linkages and developmental functions. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are versatile tools that can detect cell wall glycans with high sensitivity through the specific recognition of oligosaccharide structures. The isolation of two novel MAbs, LM27 and LM28, directed to heteroxylan, subsequent to immunisation with a potato cell wall fraction enriched in rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) oligosaccharides, is described. LM27 binds strongly to heteroxylan preparations from grass cell walls and LM28 binds to a glucuronosyl-containing epitope widely present in heteroxylans. Evidence is presented suggesting that in potato tuber cell walls, some glucuronoxylan may be linked to pectic macromolecules. Evidence is also presented that suggests in oat spelt xylan both the LM27 and LM28 epitopes are linked to arabinogalactan-proteins as tracked by the LM2 arabinogalactan-protein epitope. This work extends knowledge of the potential occurrence of inter-glycan links within plant cell walls and describes molecular tools for the further analysis of such links.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Cornuault
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Fanny Buffetto
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Maja G Rydahl
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Susan E Marcus
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas A Torode
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jie Xue
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Marie-Jeanne Crépeau
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Nuno Faria-Blanc
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - William G T Willats
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Paul Dupree
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - J Paul Knox
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Buffetto F, Cornuault V, Rydahl MG, Ropartz D, Alvarado C, Echasserieau V, Le Gall S, Bouchet B, Tranquet O, Verhertbruggen Y, Willats WGT, Knox JP, Ralet MC, Guillon F. The Deconstruction of Pectic Rhamnogalacturonan I Unmasks the Occurrence of a Novel Arabinogalactan Oligosaccharide Epitope. Plant Cell Physiol 2015; 56:2181-96. [PMID: 26384432 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI) is a pectic polysaccharide composed of a backbone of alternating rhamnose and galacturonic acid residues with side chains containing galactose and/or arabinose residues. The structure of these side chains and the degree of substitution of rhamnose residues are extremely variable and depend on species, organs, cell types and developmental stages. Deciphering RGI function requires extending the current set of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed to this polymer. Here, we describe the generation of a new mAb that recognizes a heterogeneous subdomain of RGI. The mAb, INRA-AGI-1, was produced by immunization of mice with RGI oligosaccharides isolated from potato tubers. These oligomers consisted of highly branched RGI backbones substituted with short side chains. INRA-AGI-1 bound specifically to RGI isolated from galactan-rich cell walls and displayed no binding to other pectic domains. In order to identify its RGI-related epitope, potato RGI oligosaccharides were fractionated by anion-exchange chromatography. Antibody recognition was assessed for each chromatographic fraction. INRA-AGI-1 recognizes a linear chain of (1→4)-linked galactose and (1→5)-linked arabinose residues. By combining the use of INRA-AGI-1 with LM5, LM6 and INRA-RU1 mAbs and enzymatic pre-treatments, evidence is presented of spatial differences in RGI motif distribution within individual cell walls of potato tubers and carrot roots. These observations raise questions about the biosynthesis and assembly of pectin structural domains and their integration and remodeling in cell walls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Buffetto
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France Present address: Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Valérie Cornuault
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Maja Gro Rydahl
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - David Ropartz
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Camille Alvarado
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| | | | - Sophie Le Gall
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Brigitte Bouchet
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Tranquet
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| | | | - William G T Willats
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - J Paul Knox
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Fabienne Guillon
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
L’Enfant M, Domon JM, Rayon C, Desnos T, Ralet MC, Bonnin E, Pelloux J, Pau-Roblot C. Substrate specificity of plant and fungi pectin methylesterases: Identification of novel inhibitors of PMEs. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:681-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
16
|
Sénéchal F, L'Enfant M, Domon JM, Rosiau E, Crépeau MJ, Surcouf O, Esquivel-Rodriguez J, Marcelo P, Mareck A, Guérineau F, Kim HR, Mravec J, Bonnin E, Jamet E, Kihara D, Lerouge P, Ralet MC, Pelloux J, Rayon C. Tuning of Pectin Methylesterification: PECTIN METHYLESTERASE INHIBITOR 7 MODULATES THE PROCESSIVE ACTIVITY OF CO-EXPRESSED PECTIN METHYLESTERASE 3 IN A pH-DEPENDENT MANNER. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:23320-35. [PMID: 26183897 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.639534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin methylesterases (PMEs) catalyze the demethylesterification of homogalacturonan domains of pectin in plant cell walls and are regulated by endogenous pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PMEIs). In Arabidopsis dark-grown hypocotyls, one PME (AtPME3) and one PMEI (AtPMEI7) were identified as potential interacting proteins. Using RT-quantitative PCR analysis and gene promoter::GUS fusions, we first showed that AtPME3 and AtPMEI7 genes had overlapping patterns of expression in etiolated hypocotyls. The two proteins were identified in hypocotyl cell wall extracts by proteomics. To investigate the potential interaction between AtPME3 and AtPMEI7, both proteins were expressed in a heterologous system and purified by affinity chromatography. The activity of recombinant AtPME3 was characterized on homogalacturonans (HGs) with distinct degrees/patterns of methylesterification. AtPME3 showed the highest activity at pH 7.5 on HG substrates with a degree of methylesterification between 60 and 80% and a random distribution of methyl esters. On the best HG substrate, AtPME3 generates long non-methylesterified stretches and leaves short highly methylesterified zones, indicating that it acts as a processive enzyme. The recombinant AtPMEI7 and AtPME3 interaction reduces the level of demethylesterification of the HG substrate but does not inhibit the processivity of the enzyme. These data suggest that the AtPME3·AtPMEI7 complex is not covalently linked and could, depending on the pH, be alternately formed and dissociated. Docking analysis indicated that the inhibition of AtPME3 could occur via the interaction of AtPMEI7 with a PME ligand-binding cleft structure. All of these data indicate that AtPME3 and AtPMEI7 could be partners involved in the fine tuning of HG methylesterification during plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Sénéchal
- From the EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation and
| | | | - Jean-Marc Domon
- From the EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation and
| | - Emeline Rosiau
- From the EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation and
| | - Marie-Jeanne Crépeau
- INRA, UMR 1268, Biopolymères-Interactions-Assemblages, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Ogier Surcouf
- the Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, UPRES EA 4358, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale, Grand Réseau de Recherche-Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, Innovation, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Normandie Université-Université de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex 1, France
| | | | - Paulo Marcelo
- Plateforme d'Ingénierie Cellulaire and Analyses des Protéines (ICAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Alain Mareck
- the Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, UPRES EA 4358, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale, Grand Réseau de Recherche-Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, Innovation, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Normandie Université-Université de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex 1, France
| | | | - Hyung-Rae Kim
- Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Jozef Mravec
- the Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark, and
| | - Estelle Bonnin
- INRA, UMR 1268, Biopolymères-Interactions-Assemblages, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Elisabeth Jamet
- the LRSV, UMR 5546 Université Toulouse 3/CNRS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Daisuke Kihara
- the Departments of Computer Sciences and Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- the Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, UPRES EA 4358, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale, Grand Réseau de Recherche-Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, Innovation, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Normandie Université-Université de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex 1, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRA, UMR 1268, Biopolymères-Interactions-Assemblages, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Pelloux
- From the EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation and
| | - Catherine Rayon
- From the EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation and
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although plants and many algae (e.g. the Phaeophyceae, brown, and Rhodophyceae, red) are only very distantly related they are united in their possession of carbohydrate-rich cell walls, which are of integral importance being involved in many physiological processes. Furthermore,wall components have applications within food, fuel, pharmaceuticals, fibres (e.g. for textiles and paper) and building materials and have long been an active topic of research. As shown in the 27 papers in this Special Issue, as the major deposit of photosynthetically fixed carbon, and therefore energy investment, cell walls are of undisputed importance to the organisms that possess them, the photosynthetic eukaryotes ( plants and algae). The complexities of cell wall components along with their interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment are becoming increasingly revealed. SCOPE The importance of plant and algal cell walls and their individual components to the function and survival of the organism, and for a number of industrial applications, are illustrated by the breadth of topics covered in this issue, which includes papers concentrating on various plants and algae, developmental stages, organs, cell wall components, and techniques. Although we acknowledge that there are many alternative ways in which the papers could be categorized (and many would fit within several topics), we have organized them as follows: (1) cell wall biosynthesis and remodelling, (2) cell wall diversity, and (3) application of new technologies to cell walls. Finally, we will consider future directions within plant cell wall research. Expansion of the industrial uses of cell walls and potentially novel uses of cell wall components are both avenues likely to direct future research activities. Fundamentally, it is the continued progression from characterization (structure, metabolism, properties and localization) of individual cell wall components through to defining their roles in almost every aspect of plant and algal physiology that will present many of the major challenges in future cell wall research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoë A. Popper
- Botany and Plant Science and The Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - David S. Domozych
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
North HM, Berger A, Saez-Aguayo S, Ralet MC. Understanding polysaccharide production and properties using seed coat mutants: future perspectives for the exploitation of natural variants. Ann Bot 2014; 114:1251-63. [PMID: 24607722 PMCID: PMC4195541 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal cells of the seed coat of certain species accumulate polysaccharides during seed development for cell wall reinforcement or release on imbibition to form mucilage. Seed-coat epidermal cells show natural variation in their structure and mucilage production, which could explain the diverse ecophysiological roles proposed for the latter. Arabidopsis mucilage mutants have proved to be an important tool for the identification of genes involved in the production of seed-coat polysaccharides. SCOPE This review documents genes that have been characterized as playing a role in the differentiation of the epidermal cells of the arabidopsis seed coat, the natural variability in polysaccharide features of these cells and the physiological roles attributed to seed mucilage. CONCLUSIONS Seed-coat epidermal cells are an excellent model for the study of polysaccharide metabolism and properties. Intra- and interspecies natural variation in the differentiation of these epidermal cells is an under-exploited resource for such studies and promises to play an important part in improving our knowledge of polysaccharide production and ecophysiological function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M North
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Adeline Berger
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Susana Saez-Aguayo
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kaya M, Sousa AG, Crépeau MJ, Sørensen SO, Ralet MC. Characterization of citrus pectin samples extracted under different conditions: influence of acid type and pH of extraction. Ann Bot 2014; 114:1319-1326. [PMID: 25081519 PMCID: PMC4195561 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pectin is a complex macromolecule, the fine structure of which is influenced by many factors. It is used as a gelling, thickening and emulsifying agent in a wide range of applications, from food to pharmaceutical products. Current industrial pectin extraction processes are based on fruit peel, a waste product from the juicing industry, in which thousands of tons of citrus are processed worldwide every year. This study examines how pectin components vary in relation to the plant source (orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit) and considers the influence of extraction conditions on the chemical and macromolecular characteristics of pectin samples. METHODS Citrus peel (orange, lemon, lime and grapefruit) from a commercial supplier was used as raw material. Pectin samples were obtained on a bulk plant scale (kilograms; harsh nitric acid, mild nitric acid and harsh oxalic acid extraction) and on a laboratory scale (grams; mild oxalic acid extraction). Pectin composition (acidic and neutral sugars) and physicochemical properties (molar mass and intrinsic viscosity) were determined. KEY RESULTS Oxalic acid extraction allowed the recovery of pectin samples of high molecular weight. Mild oxalic acid-extracted pectins were rich in long homogalacturonan stretches and contained rhamnogalacturonan I stretches with conserved side chains. Nitric acid-extracted pectins exhibited lower molecular weights and contained rhamnogalacturonan I stretches encompassing few and/or short side chains. Grapefruit pectin was found to have short side chains compared with orange, lime and lemon. Orange and grapefruit pectin samples were both particularly rich in rhamnogalacturonan I backbones. CONCLUSIONS Structural, and hence macromolecular, variations within the different citrus pectin samples were mainly related to their rhamnogalacturonan I contents and integrity, and, to a lesser extent, to the length of their homogalacturonan domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kaya
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - António G Sousa
- CP Kelco ApS., Ved Banen 16, DK-4623 Lille Skensved, Denmark University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cornuault V, Manfield IW, Ralet MC, Knox JP. Epitope detection chromatography: a method to dissect the structural heterogeneity and inter-connections of plant cell-wall matrix glycans. Plant J 2014; 78:715-22. [PMID: 24621270 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls are complex, multi-macromolecular assemblies of glycans and other molecules and their compositions and molecular architectures vary extensively. Even though the chemistry of cell-wall glycans is now well understood, it remains a challenge to understand the diversity of glycan configurations and interactions in muro, and how these relate to changes in the biological and mechanical properties of cell walls. Here we describe in detail a method called epitope detection chromatography analysis of cell-wall matrix glycan sub-populations and inter-connections. The method combines chromatographic separations with use of glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies as detection tools. The high discrimination capacity and high sensitivity for the detection of glycan structural features (epitopes) provided by use of established monoclonal antibodies allows the study of oligosaccharide motifs on sets of cell-wall glycans in small amounts of plant materials such as a single organ of Arabidopsis thaliana without the need for extensive purification procedures. We describe the use of epitope detection chromatography to assess the heterogeneity of xyloglucan and pectic rhamnogalacturonan I sub-populations and their modulation in A. thaliana organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Cornuault
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Saez-Aguayo S, Rondeau-Mouro C, Macquet A, Kronholm I, Ralet MC, Berger A, Sallé C, Poulain D, Granier F, Botran L, Loudet O, de Meaux J, Marion-Poll A, North HM. Local evolution of seed flotation in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004221. [PMID: 24625826 PMCID: PMC3953066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis seeds rapidly release hydrophilic polysaccharides from the seed coat on imbibition. These form a heavy mucilage layer around the seed that makes it sink in water. Fourteen natural Arabidopsis variants from central Asia and Scandinavia were identified with seeds that have modified mucilage release and float. Four of these have a novel mucilage phenotype with almost none of the released mucilage adhering to the seed and the absence of cellulose microfibrils. Mucilage release was modified in the variants by ten independent causal mutations in four different loci. Seven distinct mutations affected one locus, coding the MUM2 β-D-galactosidase, and represent a striking example of allelic heterogeneity. The modification of mucilage release has thus evolved a number of times independently in two restricted geographical zones. All the natural mutants identified still accumulated mucilage polysaccharides in seed coat epidermal cells. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry their production and retention was shown to reduce water mobility into internal seed tissues during imbibition, which would help to maintain seed buoyancy. Surprisingly, despite released mucilage being an excellent hydrogel it did not increase the rate of water uptake by internal seed tissues and is more likely to play a role in retaining water around the seed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Saez-Aguayo
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Corinne Rondeau-Mouro
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, Nantes, France
- Irstea, UR TERE, CS 64427, Rennes, France
| | - Audrey Macquet
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Ilkka Kronholm
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Adeline Berger
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Christine Sallé
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Damien Poulain
- INRA, UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Granier
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Lucy Botran
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Olivier Loudet
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Juliette de Meaux
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Annie Marion-Poll
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Helen M. North
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bonnin E, Garnier C, Ralet MC. Pectin-modifying enzymes and pectin-derived materials: applications and impacts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:519-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
23
|
Lee KJD, Cornuault V, Manfield IW, Ralet MC, Paul Knox J. Multi-scale spatial heterogeneity of pectic rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) structural features in tobacco seed endosperm cell walls. Plant J 2013; 75:1018-27. [PMID: 23789903 PMCID: PMC3824205 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls are complex configurations of polysaccharides that fulfil a diversity of roles during plant growth and development. They also provide sets of biomaterials that are widely exploited in food, fibre and fuel applications. The pectic polysaccharides, which comprise approximately a third of primary cell walls, form complex supramolecular structures with distinct glycan domains. Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) is a highly structurally heterogeneous branched glycan domain within the pectic supramolecule that contains rhamnogalacturonan, arabinan and galactan as structural elements. Heterogeneous RG-I polymers are implicated in generating the mechanical properties of cell walls during cell development and plant growth, but are poorly understood in architectural, biochemical and functional terms. Using specific monoclonal antibodies to the three major RG-I structural elements (arabinan, galactan and the rhamnogalacturonan backbone) for in situ analyses and chromatographic detection analyses, the relative occurrences of RG-I structures were studied within a single tissue: the tobacco seed endosperm. The analyses indicate that the features of the RG-I polymer display spatial heterogeneity at the level of the tissue and the level of single cell walls, and also heterogeneity at the biochemical level. This work has implications for understanding RG-I glycan complexity in the context of cell-wall architectures and in relation to cell-wall functions in cell and tissue development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieran JD Lee
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Valérie Cornuault
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Iain W Manfield
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueRue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F–44316, Nantes, France
| | - J Paul Knox
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of LeedsLeeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mallevre F, Roget A, Minon T, Kervella Y, Ropartz D, Ralet MC, Canut H, Livache T. Microwave heating for the rapid generation of glycosylhydrazides. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1264-9. [PMID: 23731134 DOI: 10.1021/bc300667b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Conditions for simple derivatization of reducing carbohydrates via adipic acid dihydrazide microwave-assisted condensation are described. We demonstrate with a diverse set of oligo- and polysaccharides how to improve a restrictive and labor intensive conventional conjugation protocol by using microwave-assisted chemistry. We show that 5 min of microwave heating in basic or acidic conditions are adequate to generate, in increased yields, intact and functional glycosylhydrazides, whereas hours to days and acidic conditions are generally required under conventional methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Mallevre
- CREAB, INAC CEA Grenoble, UMR SPrAM 5819 (CEA, CNRS, UJF), 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Saez-Aguayo S, Ralet MC, Berger A, Botran L, Ropartz D, Marion-Poll A, North HM. PECTIN METHYLESTERASE INHIBITOR6 promotes Arabidopsis mucilage release by limiting methylesterification of homogalacturonan in seed coat epidermal cells. Plant Cell 2013; 25:308-23. [PMID: 23362209 PMCID: PMC3584544 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.112.106575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Imbibed seeds of the Arabidopsis thaliana accession Djarly are affected in mucilage release from seed coat epidermal cells. The impaired locus was identified as a pectin methylesterase inhibitor gene, PECTIN METHYLESTERASE INHIBITOR6 (PMEI6), specifically expressed in seed coat epidermal cells at the time when mucilage polysaccharides are accumulated. This spatio-temporal regulation appears to be modulated by GLABRA2 and LEUNIG HOMOLOG/MUCILAGE MODIFIED1, as expression of PMEI6 is reduced in mutants of these transcription regulators. In pmei6, mucilage release was delayed and outer cell walls of epidermal cells did not fragment. Pectin methylesterases (PMEs) demethylate homogalacturonan (HG), and the majority of HG found in wild-type mucilage was in fact derived from outer cell wall fragments. This correlated with the absence of methylesterified HG labeling in pmei6, whereas transgenic plants expressing the PMEI6 coding sequence under the control of the 35S promoter had increased labeling of cell wall fragments. Activity tests on seeds from pmei6 and 35S:PMEI6 transgenic plants showed that PMEI6 inhibits endogenous PME activities, in agreement with reduced overall methylesterification of mucilage fractions and demucilaged seeds. Another regulator of PME activity in seed coat epidermal cells, the subtilisin-like Ser protease SBT1.7, acts on different PMEs, as a pmei6 sbt1.7 mutant showed an additive phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Saez-Aguayo
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Adeline Berger
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Lucy Botran
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - David Ropartz
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Annie Marion-Poll
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Helen M. North
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78026 Versailles, France
- Address correspondence to
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pedersen HL, Fangel JU, McCleary B, Ruzanski C, Rydahl MG, Ralet MC, Farkas V, von Schantz L, Marcus SE, Andersen MCF, Field R, Ohlin M, Knox JP, Clausen MH, Willats WGT. Versatile high resolution oligosaccharide microarrays for plant glycobiology and cell wall research. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:39429-38. [PMID: 22988248 PMCID: PMC3501085 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.396598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microarrays are powerful tools for high throughput analysis, and hundreds or thousands of molecular interactions can be assessed simultaneously using very small amounts of analytes. Nucleotide microarrays are well established in plant research, but carbohydrate microarrays are much less established, and one reason for this is a lack of suitable glycans with which to populate arrays. Polysaccharide microarrays are relatively easy to produce because of the ease of immobilizing large polymers noncovalently onto a variety of microarray surfaces, but they lack analytical resolution because polysaccharides often contain multiple distinct carbohydrate substructures. Microarrays of defined oligosaccharides potentially overcome this problem but are harder to produce because oligosaccharides usually require coupling prior to immobilization. We have assembled a library of well characterized plant oligosaccharides produced either by partial hydrolysis from polysaccharides or by de novo chemical synthesis. Once coupled to protein, these neoglycoconjugates are versatile reagents that can be printed as microarrays onto a variety of slide types and membranes. We show that these microarrays are suitable for the high throughput characterization of the recognition capabilities of monoclonal antibodies, carbohydrate-binding modules, and other oligosaccharide-binding proteins of biological significance and also that they have potential for the characterization of carbohydrate-active enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henriette L. Pedersen
- From the Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jonatan U. Fangel
- From the Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Barry McCleary
- Megazyme International Ireland Ltd., Bray Business Park, Bray, County Wicklow, Ireland
| | - Christian Ruzanski
- the John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Maja G. Rydahl
- From the Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Vladimir Farkas
- the Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-84538, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Laura von Schantz
- the Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, BMC D13, S-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Susan E. Marcus
- the Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom, and
| | - Mathias C. F. Andersen
- the Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics and Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Building 201, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rob Field
- the John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Mats Ohlin
- the Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, BMC D13, S-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - J. Paul Knox
- the Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom, and
| | - Mads H. Clausen
- the Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics and Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Building 201, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - William G. T. Willats
- From the Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ralet MC, Williams MAK, Tanhatan-Nasseri A, Ropartz D, Quéméner B, Bonnin E. Innovative enzymatic approach to resolve homogalacturonans based on their methylesterification pattern. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1615-24. [PMID: 22520025 DOI: 10.1021/bm300329r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three series of model homogalacturonans (HGs) covering a large range of degree of methylesterification (DM) were prepared by chemical and/or enzymatic means. Randomly demethylesterified HGs, HGs containing a few long demethylesterified galacturonic acid stretches, and HGs with numerous but short demethylesterified blocks were recovered. The analysis of the degradation products generated by the action of a purified pectin lyase allowed the definition of two new parameters, the degree of blockiness, and the absolute degree of blockiness of the highly methylesterified stretches (DBMe and DB(abs)Me, respectively). By combining this information with that obtained by the more traditional endopolygalacturonase digestion, the total proportion of degradable zones for a given DM was measured and was shown to permit a clear differentiation of the three types of HG series over a large range of DM. This double enzymatic approach will be of interest to discriminate industrial pectin samples exhibiting different functionalities and to evaluate pectin fine structure dynamics in vivo in the plant cell wall, where pectin plays a key mechanical role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44300 Nantes, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Morris GA, Ralet MC. A copolymer analysis approach to estimate the neutral sugar distribution of sugar beet pectin using size exclusion chromatography. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
29
|
Koubala BB, Kansci G, Garnier C, Thibault JF, Ralet MC. Physicochemical Properties of Dietary Fibres Prepared from Ambarella (Spondias cytherea) and Mango (Mangifera indica) Peels. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-011-0660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
30
|
Tanhatan-Nasseri A, Crépeau MJ, Thibault JF, Ralet MC. Isolation and characterization of model homogalacturonans of tailored methylesterification patterns. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
31
|
Sullivan S, Ralet MC, Berger A, Diatloff E, Bischoff V, Gonneau M, Marion-Poll A, North HM. CESA5 is required for the synthesis of cellulose with a role in structuring the adherent mucilage of Arabidopsis seeds. Plant Physiol 2011; 156:1725-39. [PMID: 21705653 PMCID: PMC3149949 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.179077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Imbibed Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seeds are encapsulated by mucilage that is formed of hydrated polysaccharides released from seed coat epidermal cells. The mucilage is structured with water-soluble and adherent layers, with cellulose present uniquely in an inner domain of the latter. Using a reverse-genetic approach to identify the cellulose synthases (CESAs) that produce mucilage cellulose, cesa5 mutants were shown to be required for the correct formation of these layers. Expression of CESA5 in the seed coat was specific to epidermal cells and coincided with the accumulation of mucilage polysaccharides in their apoplast. Analysis of sugar composition showed that although total sugar composition or amounts were unchanged, their partition between layers was different in the mutant, with redistribution from adherent to water-soluble mucilage. The macromolecular characteristics of the water-soluble mucilage were also modified. In accordance with a role for CESA5 in mucilage cellulose synthesis, crystalline cellulose contents were reduced in mutant seeds and birefringent microfibrils were absent from adherent mucilage. Although the mucilage-modified5 mutant showed similar defects to cesa5 in the distribution of sugar components between water-soluble and adherent mucilage, labeling of residual adherent mucilage indicated that cesa5 contained less cellulose and less pectin methyl esterification. Together, the results demonstrate that CESA5 plays a major and essential role in cellulose production in seed mucilage, which is critical for the establishment of mucilage structured in layers and domains.
Collapse
|
32
|
Louvet R, Rayon C, Domon JM, Rusterucci C, Fournet F, Leaustic A, Crépeau MJ, Ralet MC, Rihouey C, Bardor M, Lerouge P, Gillet F, Pelloux J. Major changes in the cell wall during silique development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Phytochemistry 2011; 72:59-67. [PMID: 21051061 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Revised: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fruit development is a highly complex process, which involves major changes in plant metabolism leading to cell growth and differentiation. Changes in cell wall composition and structure play a major role in modulating cell growth. We investigated the changes in cell wall composition and the activities of associated enzymes during the dry fruit development of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Silique development is characterized by several specific phases leading to fruit dehiscence and seed dispersal. We showed that early phases of silique growth were characterized by specific changes in non-cellulosic sugar content (rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, galactose and galacturonic acid). Xyloglucan oligosaccharide mass profiling further showed a strong increase in O-acetylated xyloglucans over the course of silique development, which could suggest a decreased capacity of xyloglucans to be associated with each other or to cellulose. The degree of methylesterification, mediated by the activity of pectin methylesterases (PMEs), decreased over the course of silique growth and dehiscence. The major changes in cell wall composition revealed by our analysis suggest that it could be major determinants in modulating cell wall rheology leading to growth or growth arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Louvet
- EA3900-BioPI Biologie des Plantes et contrôle des Insectes ravageurs, Université de Picardie, Amiens, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Morris GA, Ralet MC, Bonnin E, Thibault JF, Harding SE. Physical characterisation of the rhamnogalacturonan and homogalacturonan fractions of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) pectin. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
34
|
Habrant A, Gaillard C, Ralet MC, Lairez D, Cathala B. Relation between chemical structure and supramolecular organization of synthetic lignin-pectin particles. Biomacromolecules 2010; 10:3151-6. [PMID: 19894766 DOI: 10.1021/bm900950r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anouck Habrant
- UMR614 Fractionnement des Agro-Ressources et Environement, INRA, Université de Reims Champagne Ardennes, Reims, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Valentin R, Cerclier C, Geneix N, Aguié-Béghin V, Gaillard C, Ralet MC, Cathala B. Elaboration of extensin-pectin thin film model of primary plant cell wall. Langmuir 2010; 26:9891-8. [PMID: 20222720 DOI: 10.1021/la100265d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of mimicking the plant cell wall, a layer by layer approach was used to build a thin film consisting of successive adsorption of pectin and extensin. Elaboration of the thin film was monitored by surface plasmon resonance, quartz crystal microbalance, and ellipsometry. All data indicate that formation of the film was successful and that growth occurred according to a nonuniform growth. It is likely that diffusion of the polymers occurred within the multilayer structure and that the final structure is not constituted by layered individual pectin and extensin films. Polymer rearrangements were also supported by the atomic force microscopy images that show a smoother surface after extensin adsorption than after pectin deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Valentin
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Williams MAK, Cucheval A, Nasseri AT, Ralet MC. Extracting Intramolecular Sequence Information from Intermolecular Distributions: Highly Nonrandom Methylester Substitution Patterns in Homogalacturonans Generated by Pectinmethylesterase. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1667-75. [DOI: 10.1021/bm1003527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin A. K. Williams
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Aurelie Cucheval
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Abrisham Tanhatan Nasseri
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lopez M, Bizot H, Chambat G, Marais MF, Zykwinska A, Ralet MC, Driguez H, Buléon A. Enthalpic Studies of Xyloglucan−Cellulose Interactions. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1417-28. [DOI: 10.1021/bm1002762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lopez
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Hervé Bizot
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Gérard Chambat
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-France Marais
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Agata Zykwinska
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Hugues Driguez
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Buléon
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France, and Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales UPR-CNRS 5301, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Normand J, Ralet MC, Thibault JF, Rogniaux H, Delavault P, Bonnin E. Purification, characterization, and mode of action of a rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase from Irpex lacteus, tolerant to an acetylated substrate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 86:577-88. [PMID: 19862512 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel rhamnogalacturonase (RGase) acting on an acetylated substrate was detected in the commercial preparation Driselase, an enzymatic mixture derived from the basidiomycete Irpex lacteus. The activity was isolated by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, gel filtration, and preparative isoelectric focusing, resulting in the isolation of five different rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases exhibiting various isoelectric points from 6.2 to 7.7. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analyses after trypsin cleavage of the five fractions revealed that the five rhamnogalacturonases have a molar mass of 55 kDa without any divergences in the identified peptides. The RGase with a pI of 7.2 exhibited a pH optimum between 4.5 and 5 and a temperature optimum between 40 degrees C and 50 degrees C. Its mode of action was analyzed by mass spectrometry of the oligosaccharides produced after hydrolysis of acetylated and nonacetylated rhamnogalacturonan. Oligomers esterified by an acetyl group on the reducing galacturonic acid residue or fully acetylated were detected in the hydrolysate showing that the novel enzyme is able to bind acetylated galacturonic acid in its active site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Normand
- INRA, Unité de Recherche Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP 71627, 44316, Nantes, Cedex 03, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ralet MC, Lerouge P, Quéméner B. Mass spectrometry for pectin structure analysis. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:1798-807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
40
|
Koubala BB, Kansci G, Garnier C, Mbome IL, Durand S, Thibault JF, Ralet MC. Rheological and high gelling properties of mango (Mangifera indica) and ambarella (Spondias cytherea) peel pectins. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
41
|
Williams MAK, Cucheval A, Ström A, Ralet MC. Electrophoretic Behavior of Copolymeric Galacturonans Including Comments on the Information Content of the Intermolecular Charge Distribution. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:1523-31. [DOI: 10.1021/bm900119u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin A. K. Williams
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, Fonterra Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand, Unilever R&D Colworth, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, Bedford, United Kingdom, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Aurélie Cucheval
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, Fonterra Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand, Unilever R&D Colworth, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, Bedford, United Kingdom, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Anna Ström
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, Fonterra Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand, Unilever R&D Colworth, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, Bedford, United Kingdom, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, MacDiarmid Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, New Zealand, Fonterra Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand, Unilever R&D Colworth, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, Bedford, United Kingdom, and UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Ralet MC, Crépeau MJ, Bonnin E. Evidence for a blockwise distribution of acetyl groups onto homogalacturonans from a commercial sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) pectin. Phytochemistry 2008; 69:1903-1909. [PMID: 18448141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Commercial acid-extracted sugar beet pectin was extensively hydrolysed using an endo-polygalacturonase (AnPGI from Aspergillus niger or AnPGII from A. niger or FmPG from Fusarium moniliforme) in combination with Aspergillus aculeatus pectin methyl-esterase (AaPME). The homogalacturonan-derived oligogalacturonates released were quantified by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and their structure determined by mass spectrometry. The different endo-polygalacturonases exhibited variable tolerance towards acetyl groups. AnPGI was the most active and FmPG the less. A hypothetical homogalacturonan was constructed using the AnPGI-recovered oligogalacturonates as building blocks and the validity of the model was checked taking into account FmPG observed requirements and hydrolysis products. A blockwise repartition of the acetyl groups onto sugar beet pectin homogalacturonan is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblage, Rue de la Géraudière, B.P. 71627, F-44300 Nantes, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ralet MC, Crépeau MJ, Lefèbvre J, Mouille G, Höfte H, Thibault JF. Reduced Number of Homogalacturonan Domains in Pectins of an Arabidopsis Mutant Enhances the Flexibility of the Polymer. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:1454-60. [DOI: 10.1021/bm701321g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Ralet
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44300 Nantes, and INRA, UR501 Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, F-78000 Versailles
| | - Marie-Jeanne Crépeau
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44300 Nantes, and INRA, UR501 Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, F-78000 Versailles
| | - Jacques Lefèbvre
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44300 Nantes, and INRA, UR501 Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, F-78000 Versailles
| | - Grégory Mouille
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44300 Nantes, and INRA, UR501 Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, F-78000 Versailles
| | - Herman Höfte
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44300 Nantes, and INRA, UR501 Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, F-78000 Versailles
| | - Jean-François Thibault
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44300 Nantes, and INRA, UR501 Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, F-78000 Versailles
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ropers MH, Meister A, Blume A, Ralet MC. Pectin−Lipid Assembly at the Air–Water Interface: Effect of the Pectin Charge Distribution. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:1306-12. [DOI: 10.1021/bm7013685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Ropers
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Mühlpforte 1, D-06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Mühlpforte 1, D-06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Alfred Blume
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Mühlpforte 1, D-06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Ralet
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44300 Nantes, France, and Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Mühlpforte 1, D-06108 Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Macquet A, Ralet MC, Loudet O, Kronenberger J, Mouille G, Marion-Poll A, North HM. A naturally occurring mutation in an Arabidopsis accession affects a beta-D-galactosidase that increases the hydrophilic potential of rhamnogalacturonan I in seed mucilage. Plant Cell 2007; 19:3990-4006. [PMID: 18165330 PMCID: PMC2217647 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.107.050179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana accession Shahdara was identified as a rare naturally occurring mutant that does not liberate seed mucilage on imbibition. The defective locus was found to be allelic to the mum2-1 and mum2-2 mutants. Map-based cloning showed that MUCILAGE-MODIFIED2 (MUM2) encodes the putative beta-D-galactosidase BGAL6. Activity assays demonstrated that one of four major beta-D-galactosidase activities present in developing siliques is absent in mum2 mutants. No difference was observed in seed coat epidermal cell structure between wild-type and mutant seed; however, weakening of the outer tangential cell wall by chemical treatment resulted in the release of mucilage from mum2 seed coat epidermal cells, and the mum2 mucilage only increased slightly in volume, relative to the wild type. Consistent with the absence of beta-D-galactosidase activity in the mutant, the inner layer of mucilage contained more Gal. The allocation of polysaccharides between the inner and outer mucilage layers was also modified in mum2. Mass spectrometry showed that rhamnogalacturonan I in mutant mucilage had more branching between rhamnose and hexose residues relative to the wild type. We conclude that the MUM2/BGAL6 beta-D-galactosidase is required for maturation of rhamnogalacturonan I in seed mucilage by the removal of galactose/galactan branches, resulting in increased swelling and extrusion of the mucilage on seed hydration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Macquet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Semences, Unité Mixte de Recherche 204 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Macquet A, Ralet MC, Kronenberger J, Marion-Poll A, North HM. In situ, chemical and macromolecular study of the composition of Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat mucilage. Plant Cell Physiol 2007; 48:984-99. [PMID: 17540691 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcm068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive analysis was carried out of the composition of seed coat mucilage from Arabidopsis thaliana using the Columbia-0 accession. Pectinaceous mucilage is released from myxospermous seeds upon imbibition, and in Arabidopsis consists of a water-soluble, outer layer and an adherent, inner layer. Analysis of monosaccharide composition in conjunction with digestion with pectolytic enzymes conclusively demonstrated that the principal pectic domain of both layers was rhamnogalacturonan I, and that in the outer layer this was unbranched. The macromolecular characteristics of the water-soluble mucilage indicated that the rhamnogalacturonan molecules in the outer layer were in a slightly expanded random-coil conformation. The inner, adherent layer remained attached to the seed, even after extraction with acid and alkali, suggesting that its integrity was maintained by covalent bonds. Confocal microscopy and monosaccharide composition analyses showed that the inner layer can be separated into two domains. The internal domain contained cellulose microfibrils, which could form a matrix with RGI and bind it to the seed. In effect, in the mum5-1 mutant where most of the inner and outer mucilage layers were water soluble, cellulose remained attached to the seed coat. Immunolabeling with anti-pectin antibodies indicated the presence of galactan and arabinan in the inner layer, with the latter only present in the non-cellulose-containing external domain. In addition, JIM5 and JIM7 antibodies labeled different domains of the inner layer, suggesting the presence of stretches of homogalacturonan with different levels of methyl esterification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Macquet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Semences, UMR 204, INRA, INAPG, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yapo BM, Lerouge P, Thibault JF, Ralet MC. Pectins from citrus peel cell walls contain homogalacturonans homogenous with respect to molar mass, rhamnogalacturonan I and rhamnogalacturonan II. Carbohydr Polym 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
49
|
Mouille G, Ralet MC, Cavelier C, Eland C, Effroy D, Hématy K, McCartney L, Truong HN, Gaudon V, Thibault JF, Marchant A, Höfte H. Homogalacturonan synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana requires a Golgi-localized protein with a putative methyltransferase domain. Plant J 2007; 50:605-14. [PMID: 17425712 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2007.03086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Pectins are a family of complex cell-wall polysaccharides, the biosynthesis of which remains poorly understood. We identified dwarf mutants with reduced cell adhesion at a novel locus, QUASIMODO2 (QUA2). qua2-1 showed a 50% reduction in homogalacturonan (HG) content compared with the wild type, without affecting other cell-wall polysaccharides. The remaining HG in qua2-1 showed an unaltered degree of methylesterification. Positional cloning and GFP fusions showed that QUA2, consistent with a role in HG synthesis, encodes a Golgi-localized protein. In contrast to QUA1, another Golgi-localized protein required for HG-synthesis, QUA2 does not show sequence similarity to glycosyltransferases, but instead contains a putative methyltransferase (MT) domain. The Arabidopsis genome encodes 29 QUA2-related proteins. Interestingly, the transcript profiles of QUA1 and QUA2 are correlated and other pairs of QUA1 and QUA2 homologues with correlated transcript profiles can be identified. Together, the results lead to the hypothesis that QUA2 is a pectin MT, and that polymerization and methylation of homogalacturonan are interdependent reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Mouille
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, Route de Saint Cyr, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zykwinska A, Gaillard C, Buléon A, Pontoire B, Garnier C, Thibault JF, Ralet MC. Assessment ofIn VitroBinding of Isolated Pectic Domains to Cellulose by Adsorption Isotherms, Electron Microscopy, and X-ray Diffraction Methods. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:223-32. [PMID: 17206811 DOI: 10.1021/bm060292h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Isolated pectic domains representative of the pectic backbone and the neutral sugar side chains were tested for their ability to interact with cellulose in comparison to the well-known binding of xyloglucan. Pectic side chains displayed a significant in vitro binding capacity to cellulose, whereas pectic backbone domains exhibited only slight adsorption to cellulose microfibrils. To support the binding results, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were applied. Celluloses from bacteria and sugar beet cell walls were used as substrates for the precipitation of isolated pectic domains or xyloglucan by acetone vapor diffusion. Pectic side chains grew attached to the cellulose surfaces, whereas pectic backbone domains were observed separately from cellulose microfibrils. Xyloglucan seeded with cellulose provoked a decrease of microfibrils entanglement, but no clear cross-links between neighboring microfibrils were observed. These results led to the elucidation of the pectic domains responsible for binding with cellulose microfibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zykwinska
- INRA, Unité de Recherche Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|