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Nhieu J, Wei CW, Ludwig M, Drake JM, Wei LN. CRABP1-complexes in exosome secretion. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:381. [PMID: 39075476 PMCID: PMC11285139 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (CRABP1) mediates rapid, non-canonical activity of retinoic acid (RA) by forming signalosomes via protein-protein interactions. Two signalosomes have been identified previously: CRABP1-MAPK and CRABP1-CaMKII. Crabp1 knockout (CKO) mice exhibited altered exosome profiles, but the mechanism of CRABP1 action was unclear. This study aimed to screen for and identify novel CRABP1 signalosomes that could modulate exosome secretion by using a combinatorial approach involving biochemical, bioinformatic and molecular studies. METHODS Immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry (IP-MS) identified candidate CRABP1-interacting proteins which were subsequently analyzed using GO Term Enrichment, Functional Annotation Clustering; and Pathway Analysis. Gene expression analysis of CKO samples revealed altered expression of genes related to exosome biogenesis and secretion. The effect of CRABP1 on exosome secretion was then experimentally validated using CKO mice and a Crabp1 knockdown P19 cell line. RESULTS IP-MS identified CRABP1-interacting targets. Bioinformatic analyses revealed significant association with actin cytoskeletal dynamics, kinases, and exosome secretion. The effect of CRABP1 on exosome secretion was experimentally validated by comparing circulating exosome numbers of CKO and wild type (WT) mice, and secreted exosomes from WT and siCRABP1-P19 cells. Pathway analysis identified kinase signaling and Arp2/3 complex as the major pathways where CRABP1-signalosomes modulate exosome secretion, which was validated in the P19 system. CONCLUSION The combinatorial approach allowed efficient screening for and identification of novel CRABP1-signalosomes. The results uncovered a novel function of CRABP1 in modulating exosome secretion, and suggested that CRABP1 could play roles in modulating intercellular communication and signal propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Nhieu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Chin-Wen Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Megan Ludwig
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Justin M Drake
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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2
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Muse O, Patell R, Peters CG, Yang M, El-Darzi E, Schulman S, Falanga A, Marchetti M, Russo L, Zwicker JI, Flaumenhaft R. The unfolded protein response links ER stress to cancer-associated thrombosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e170148. [PMID: 37651191 PMCID: PMC10629814 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.170148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is a common complication of advanced cancer, yet the cellular mechanisms linking malignancy to thrombosis are poorly understood. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an ER stress response associated with advanced cancers. A proteomic evaluation of plasma from patients with gastric and non-small cell lung cancer who were monitored prospectively for venous thromboembolism demonstrated increased levels of UPR-related markers in plasma of patients who developed clots compared with those who did not. Release of procoagulant activity into supernatants of gastric, lung, and pancreatic cancer cells was enhanced by UPR induction and blocked by antagonists of the UPR receptors inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). Release of extracellular vesicles bearing tissue factor (EVTFs) from pancreatic cancer cells was inhibited by siRNA-mediated knockdown of IRE1α/XBP1 or PERK pathways. Induction of UPR did not increase tissue factor (TF) synthesis, but rather stimulated localization of TF to the cell surface. UPR-induced TF delivery to EVTFs was inhibited by ADP-ribosylation factor 1 knockdown or GBF1 antagonism, verifying the role of vesicular trafficking. Our findings show that UPR activation resulted in increased vesicular trafficking leading to release of prothrombotic EVTFs, thus providing a mechanistic link between ER stress and cancer-associated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyosi Muse
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rushad Patell
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christian G. Peters
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Moua Yang
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emale El-Darzi
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sol Schulman
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Falanga
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marina Marchetti
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Russo
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Jeffrey I. Zwicker
- Hematology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Jia J, Tang S, Yue X, Jing S, Zhu L, Tan C, Gao J, Du Y, Lee I, Qian Y. An A-Kinase Anchoring Protein (ACBD3) Coordinates Traffic-Induced PKA Activation At The Golgi. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104696. [PMID: 37044218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
KDEL receptor (KDELR) is a key protein that recycles escaped ER resident proteins from the Golgi apparatus back to the ER and maintains a dynamic balance between these two organelles in the early secretory pathway. Studies have shown that this retrograde transport pathway is partly regulated by two KDELR-interacting proteins, Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing 3 (ACBD3), and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). However, whether Golgi-localized ACBD3, which was first discovered as a PKA-anchoring protein in mitochondria, directly interacts with PKA at the Golgi and coordinates its signaling in Golgi-to-ER traffic has remained unclear. In this study, we showed that the GOLD domain of ACBD3 directly interacts with the regulatory subunit II (RII) of PKA and effectively recruits PKA holoenzyme to the Golgi. Forward trafficking of proteins from the ER triggers activation of PKA by releasing the catalytic subunit from RII. Furthermore, we determined that depletion of ACBD3 reduces the Golgi fraction of RII, resulting in moderate, but constitutive activation of PKA and KDELR retrograde transport, independent of cargo influx from the ER. Taken together, these data demonstrate that ACBD3 coordinates the protein secretory pathway at the Golgi by facilitating KDELR/PKA-containing protein complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jia
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuocheng Tang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xihua Yue
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaiyang Jing
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianhui Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanting Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingkai Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulei Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Intaek Lee
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Qian
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Keysberg C, Schneider H, Otte K. Production cell analysis and compound-based boosting of small extracellular vesicle secretion using a generic and scalable production platform. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:987-999. [PMID: 36577715 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a novel format of advanced therapeutical medicinal products (ATMPs). They can act regenerative or immune-modulatory as cell therapy substitutes or as a platform for designer exosomes. The biotechnological production of therapeutic EVs is still very much uncharted territory so standardized host cells, production setups, and isolation methods are not yet implemented. In this work, we present a tangential flow filtration (TFF) and fast-performance liquid chromatography (FPLC)-based size exclusion chromatography (SEC) purification setup that is compatible for industry applications. Moreover, we evaluated a series of potential host cell lines regarding their EV productivity, characteristics, and biological functionality. It was found that telomerase-immortalized Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSC/TERT273) secrete high amounts of EVs per cell with regenerative capabilities. On the other hand, Cevec's amniocyte producer cells® (CAP®) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) suspension cells are suitable platforms for designer EVs with high yields. Finally, we aimed to boost the EV secretion of HEK293 cells via chemical adjuvants and verified four compounds that heighten cellular EV secretion in a presumably cAMP-dependent manner. A combination of fenoterol, iodoacetamide, and dinitrophenol increased the EV yield in HEK293 cells threefold and cellular secretion rate fivefold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Keysberg
- Institute for Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
- International Graduate School for Molecular Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Helga Schneider
- Institute for Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
| | - Kerstin Otte
- Institute for Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Biberach, Biberach, Germany
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5
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Jin Y, Ma L, Zhang W, Yang W, Feng Q, Wang H. Extracellular signals regulate the biogenesis of extracellular vesicles. Biol Res 2022; 55:35. [PMID: 36435789 PMCID: PMC9701380 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally released membrane vesicles that act as carriers of proteins and RNAs for intercellular communication. With various biomolecules and specific ligands, EV has represented a novel form of information transfer, which possesses extremely outstanding efficiency and specificity compared to the classical signal transduction. In addition, EV has extended the concept of signal transduction to intercellular aspect by working as the collection of extracellular information. Therefore, the functions of EVs have been extensively characterized and EVs exhibit an exciting prospect for clinical applications. However, the biogenesis of EVs and, in particular, the regulation of this process by extracellular signals, which are essential to conduct further studies and support optimal utility, remain unclear. Here, we review the current understanding of the biogenesis of EVs, focus on the regulation of this process by extracellular signals and discuss their therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jin
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Ma
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Yang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 20815, China
| | - Qiyu Feng
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China. .,National Center for Liver Cancer, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital/Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 20815, China.
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6
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Han QF, Li WJ, Hu KS, Gao J, Zhai WL, Yang JH, Zhang SJ. Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:207. [PMID: 36320056 PMCID: PMC9623991 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps, including cargo sorting, MVB formation and maturation, transport of MVBs, and MVB fusion with the plasma membrane. Each process is modulated through the competition or coordination of multiple mechanisms, whereby diverse repertoires of molecular cargos are sorted into distinct subpopulations of exosomes, resulting in the high heterogeneity of exosomes. Intriguingly, cancer cells exploit various strategies, such as aberrant gene expression, posttranslational modifications, and altered signaling pathways, to regulate the biogenesis, composition, and eventually functions of exosomes to promote cancer progression. Therefore, exosome biogenesis-targeted therapy is being actively explored. In this review, we systematically summarize recent progress in understanding the machinery of exosome biogenesis and how it is regulated in the context of cancer. In particular, we highlight pharmacological targeting of exosome biogenesis as a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Fang Han
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Wen-Jia Li
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Kai-Shun Hu
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Jie Gao
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Diagnosis & Treatment League for Hepatopathy, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Wen-Long Zhai
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Clinical Systems Biology Key Laboratories of Henan, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Shui-Jun Zhang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Diagnosis & Treatment League for Hepatopathy, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Engineering & Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Diseases, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
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7
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Lia G, Di Vito C, Bruno S, Tapparo M, Brunello L, Santoro A, Mariotti J, Bramanti S, Zaghi E, Calvi M, Comba L, Fascì M, Giaccone L, Camussi G, Boyle EM, Castagna L, Evangelista A, Mavilio D, Bruno B. Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers of Acute Graft-vs.-Host Disease After Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation and Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide. Front Immunol 2022; 12:816231. [PMID: 35145514 PMCID: PMC8821147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.816231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with high-dose post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) which was initially introduced for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prevention in the setting of HLA-haploidentical transplantation, both acute and chronic GvHDs remain a major clinical challenge. Despite improvements in the understanding of the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic GvHDs, reliable biomarkers that predict their onset have yet to be identified. We recently studied the potential correlation between extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the onset of acute (a)GvHD in transplant recipients from related and unrelated donors. In the present study, we further investigated the role of the expression profile of membrane proteins and their microRNA (miRNA) cargo (miRNA100, miRNA155, and miRNA194) in predicting the onset of aGvHD in haploidentical transplant recipients with PT-Cy. Thirty-two consecutive patients were included. We evaluated the expression profile of EVs, by flow cytometry, and their miRNA cargo, by real-time PCR, at baseline, prior, and at different time points following transplant. Using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models, a significant association between expression profiles of antigens such as CD146, CD31, CD140a, CD120a, CD26, CD144, and CD30 on EVs, and their miRNA cargo with the onset of aGvHD was observed. Moreover, we also investigated a potential correlation between EV expression profile and cargo with plasma biomarkers (e.g., ST2, sTNFR1, and REG3a) that had been associated with aGVHD previously. This analysis showed that the combination of CD146, sTNFR1, and miR100 or miR194 strongly correlated with the onset of aGvHD (AUROC >0.975). A large prospective multicenter study is currently in progress to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Clara Di Vito
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Tapparo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lucia Brunello
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Armando Santoro
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Jacopo Mariotti
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Stefania Bramanti
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Zaghi
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Michela Calvi
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Comba
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Martina Fascì
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Luisa Giaccone
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Eileen M. Boyle
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Luca Castagna
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Evangelista
- Clinical Epidemiology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetto Bruno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Benedetto Bruno,
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8
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Wang Z, Wu L, Wang H, Zhang Y, Xiao H. Agonist-induced extracellular vesicles contribute to the transfer of functional bombesin receptor-subtype 3 to recipient cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:72. [PMID: 35032194 PMCID: PMC11072852 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important carriers for biomolecules in the microenvironment that greatly promote intercellular and extracellular communications. However, it is unclear whether bombesin receptor-subtype 3 (BRS-3), an orphan G-protein coupled receptor, can be packed into EVs and functionally transferred to recipient cells. In this study, we applied the synthetic agonist and antagonist to activate and inhibit the BRS-3 in HEK293-BRS-3 cells, whose EVs release was BRS-3 activation dependent. The presence of BRS-3 in harvested EVs was further confirmed by an enhanced green fluorescent protein tag. After recipient cells were co-cultured with these EVs, the presence of BRS-3 in the recipient cells was discovered, whose function was experimentally validated. Quantitative proteomics approach was utilized to decipher the proteome of the EVs derived from HEK293-BRS-3 cells after different stimulations. More than 900 proteins were identified, including 51 systematically dysregulated EVs proteins. The Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that RhoA signaling pathway was as an essential player for the secretion of EVs. Selective inhibition of RhoA signaling pathway after BRS-3 activation dramatically reversed the increased secretion of EVs. Our data, collectively, demonstrated that EVs contributed to the transfer of functional BRS-3 to the recipient cells, whose secretion was partially regulated by RhoA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lehao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Hua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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9
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Kim YJ, Lee JS, Kim H, Jang JH, Choung YH. Gap Junction-Mediated Intercellular Communication of cAMP Prevents CDDP-Induced Ototoxicity via cAMP/PKA/CREB Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6327. [PMID: 34199197 PMCID: PMC8231879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the cochlea, non-sensory supporting cells are directly connected to adjacent supporting cells via gap junctions that allow the exchange of small molecules. We have previously shown that the pharmacological regulation of gap junctions alleviates cisplatin (CDDP)-induced ototoxicity in animal models. In this study, we aimed to identify specific small molecules that pass through gap junctions in the process of CDDP-induced auditory cell death and suggest new mechanisms to prevent hearing loss. We found that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) inducer forskolin (FSK) significantly attenuated CDDP-induced auditory cell death in vitro and ex vivo. The activation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling was observed in organ of Corti primary cells treated with FSK, especially in supporting cells. Co-treatment with gap junction enhancers such as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and quinoline showed potentiating effects with FSK on cell survival via activation of cAMP/PKA/CREB. In vivo, the combination of FSK and ATRA was more effective for preventing ototoxicity compared to either single treatment. Our study provides the new insight that gap junction-mediated intercellular communication of cAMP may prevent CDDP-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ju Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (H.K.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Jin-Sol Lee
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Hantai Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (H.K.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Jeong Hun Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (H.K.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Yun-Hoon Choung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (H.K.); (J.H.J.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
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10
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Phosphoproteomics of Acute Cell Stressors Targeting Exercise Signaling Networks Reveal Drug Interactions Regulating Protein Secretion. Cell Rep 2020; 29:1524-1538.e6. [PMID: 31693893 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise engages signaling networks to control the release of circulating factors beneficial to health. However, the nature of these networks remains undefined. Using high-throughput phosphoproteomics, we quantify 20,249 phosphorylation sites in skeletal muscle-like myotube cells and monitor their responses to a panel of cell stressors targeting aspects of exercise signaling in vivo. Integrating these in-depth phosphoproteomes with the phosphoproteome of acute aerobic exercise in human skeletal muscle suggests that co-administration of β-adrenergic and calcium agonists would activate complementary signaling relevant to this exercise context. The phosphoproteome of cells treated with this combination reveals a surprising divergence in signaling from the individual treatments. Remarkably, only the combination treatment promotes multisite phosphorylation of SERBP1, a regulator of Serpine1 mRNA stability, a pro-fibrotic secreted protein. Secretome analysis reveals that the combined treatments decrease secretion of SERPINE1 and other deleterious factors. This study provides a framework for dissecting phosphorylation-based signaling relevant to acute exercise.
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11
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Raffaele S, Lombardi M, Verderio C, Fumagalli M. TNF Production and Release from Microglia via Extracellular Vesicles: Impact on Brain Functions. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102145. [PMID: 32977412 PMCID: PMC7598215 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine powerfully influencing diverse processes of the central nervous system (CNS) under both physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we analyze current literature describing the molecular processes involved in TNF synthesis and release from microglia, the resident immune cells of the CNS and the main source of this cytokine both in brain development and neurodegenerative diseases. A special attention has been given to the unconventional vesicular pathway of TNF, based on the emerging role of microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the propagation of inflammatory signals and in mediating cell-to-cell communication. Moreover, we describe the contribution of microglial TNF in regulating important CNS functions, including the neuroinflammatory response following brain injury, the neuronal circuit formation and synaptic plasticity, and the processes of myelin damage and repair. Specifically, the available data on the functions mediated by microglial EVs carrying TNF have been scrutinized to gain insights on possible novel therapeutic strategies targeting TNF to foster CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raffaele
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Marta Lombardi
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (C.V.)
| | - Claudia Verderio
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (C.V.)
| | - Marta Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250318307
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12
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Bebelman MP, Crudden C, Pegtel DM, Smit MJ. The Convergence of Extracellular Vesicle and GPCR Biology. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:627-640. [PMID: 32711926 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane receptors, of which G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest group, typically act as cellular antennae that reside at the plasma membrane (PM) to collect and interpret information from the extracellular environment. The discovery of cell-released extracellular vesicles (EVs) has added a new dimension to intercellular communication. These unique nanocarriers reflect cellular topology and can systemically transport functionally competent transmembrane receptors, ligands, and a cargo of signal proteins. Recent developments hint at roles for GPCRs in the EV life cycle and, conversely, at roles for EVs in GPCR signal transduction. We highlight key points of convergence, discuss their relevance to current GPCR and EV paradigms, and speculate on how this intersection could lend itself to future therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten P Bebelman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caitrin Crudden
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Michiel Pegtel
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J Smit
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Mancuso T, Barone A, Salatino A, Molinaro C, Marino F, Scalise M, Torella M, De Angelis A, Urbanek K, Torella D, Cianflone E. Unravelling the Biology of Adult Cardiac Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes to Foster Endogenous Cardiac Regeneration and Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3725. [PMID: 32466282 PMCID: PMC7279257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remuscularization has been the stated goal of the field of regenerative cardiology since its inception. Along with the refreshment of lost and dysfunctional cardiac muscle cells, the field of cell therapy has expanded in scope encompassing also the potential of the injected cells as cardioprotective and cardio-reparative agents for cardiovascular diseases. The latter has been the result of the findings that cell therapies so far tested in clinical trials exert their beneficial effects through paracrine mechanisms acting on the endogenous myocardial reparative/regenerative potential. The endogenous regenerative potential of the adult heart is still highly debated. While it has been widely accepted that adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) are renewed throughout life either in response to wear and tear and after injury, the rate and origin of this phenomenon are yet to be clarified. The adult heart harbors resident cardiac/stem progenitor cells (CSCs/CPCs), whose discovery and characterization were initially sufficient to explain CM renewal in response to physiological and pathological stresses, when also considering that adult CMs are terminally differentiated cells. The role of CSCs in CM formation in the adult heart has been however questioned by some recent genetic fate map studies, which have been proved to have serious limitations. Nevertheless, uncontested evidence shows that clonal CSCs are effective transplantable regenerative agents either for their direct myogenic differentiation and for their paracrine effects in the allogeneic setting. In particular, the paracrine potential of CSCs has been the focus of the recent investigation, whereby CSC-derived exosomes appear to harbor relevant regenerative and reparative signals underlying the beneficial effects of CSC transplantation. This review focuses on recent advances in our knowledge about the biological role of exosomes in heart tissue homeostasis and repair with the idea to use them as tools for new therapeutic biotechnologies for "cell-less" effective cardiac regeneration approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Mancuso
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Antonella Barone
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Alessandro Salatino
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Claudia Molinaro
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Fabiola Marino
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Mariangela Scalise
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Michele Torella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, AORN dei Colli/Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via Leonardo Bianchi, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Campania “L.Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Daniele Torella
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.M.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (C.M.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Eleonora Cianflone
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
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14
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Verweij FJ, Bebelman MP, Jimenez CR, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Janssen H, Neefjes J, Knol JC, de Goeij-de Haas R, Piersma SR, Baglio SR, Verhage M, Middeldorp JM, Zomer A, van Rheenen J, Coppolino MG, Hurbain I, Raposo G, Smit MJ, Toonen RFG, van Niel G, Pegtel DM. Quantifying exosome secretion from single cells reveals a modulatory role for GPCR signaling. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:1129-1142. [PMID: 29339438 PMCID: PMC5839777 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201703206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
All mammalian cells release small endosome-derived exosomes that function in intercellular communication, but the secretion process is poorly understood. Verweij et al. developed a live-imaging approach and demonstrate that external cues can trigger exosome release from a subpopulation of multivesicular bodies by phosphorylating the target membrane SNARE SNAP23 at serine residue 110. Exosomes are small endosome-derived extracellular vesicles implicated in cell–cell communication and are secreted by living cells when multivesicular bodies (MVBs) fuse with the plasma membrane (PM). Current techniques to study exosome physiology are based on isolation procedures after secretion, precluding direct and dynamic insight into the mechanics of exosome biogenesis and the regulation of their release. In this study, we propose real-time visualization of MVB–PM fusion to overcome these limitations. We designed tetraspanin-based pH-sensitive optical reporters that detect MVB–PM fusion using live total internal reflection fluorescence and dynamic correlative light–electron microscopy. Quantitative analysis demonstrates that MVB–PM fusion frequency is reduced by depleting the target membrane SNAREs SNAP23 and syntaxin-4 but also can be induced in single cells by stimulation of the histamine H1 receptor (H1HR). Interestingly, activation of H1R1 in HeLa cells increases Ser110 phosphorylation of SNAP23, promoting MVB–PM fusion and the release of CD63-enriched exosomes. Using this single-cell resolution approach, we highlight the modulatory dynamics of MVB exocytosis that will help to increase our understanding of exosome physiology and identify druggable targets in exosome-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Johannes Verweij
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands .,Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Cell and Tissue Imaging Core Facility PICT-IBiSA, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Maarten P Bebelman
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans Janssen
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jaco C Knol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Richard de Goeij-de Haas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - S Rubina Baglio
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap M Middeldorp
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anoek Zomer
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands-Hubrecht Institute-Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Utrecht, Netherlands.,University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands-Hubrecht Institute-Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Utrecht, Netherlands.,University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marc G Coppolino
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Ilse Hurbain
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Cell and Tissue Imaging Core Facility PICT-IBiSA, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Graça Raposo
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Cell and Tissue Imaging Core Facility PICT-IBiSA, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Martine J Smit
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruud F G Toonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guillaume van Niel
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Cell and Tissue Imaging Core Facility PICT-IBiSA, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - D Michiel Pegtel
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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15
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Wu K, Xing F, Wu SY, Watabe K. Extracellular vesicles as emerging targets in cancer: Recent development from bench to bedside. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:538-563. [PMID: 29054476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important players of cancer initiation and progression through cell-cell communication. They have been recognized as critical mediators of extracellular communications, which promote transformation, growth invasion, and drug-resistance of cancer cells. Interestingly, the secretion and uptake of EVs are regulated in a more controlled manner than previously anticipated. EVs are classified into three groups, (i) exosomes, (ii) microvesicles (MVs), and (iii) apoptotic bodies (ABs), based on their sizes and origins, and novel technologies to isolate and distinguish these EVs are evolving. The biologically functional molecules harbored in these EVs, including nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins, have been shown to induce key signaling pathways in both tumor and tumor microenvironment (TME) cells for exacerbating tumor development. While tumor cell-derived EVs are capable of reprogramming stromal cells to generate a proper tumor cell niche, stromal-derived EVs profoundly affect the growth, resistance, and stem cell properties of tumor cells. This review summarizes and discusses these reciprocal communications through EVs in different types of cancers. Further understanding of the pathophysiological roles of different EVs in tumor progression is expected to lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers in liquid biopsy and development of tumor specific therapeutics. This review will also discuss the translational aspects of EVs and therapeutic opportunities of utilizing EVs in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerui Wu
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Fei Xing
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Shih-Ying Wu
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
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16
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Enhancement of β-catenin activity by BIG1 plus BIG2 via Arf activation and cAMP signals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5946-51. [PMID: 27162341 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601918113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional β-catenin, with critical roles in both cell-cell adhesion and Wnt-signaling pathways, was among HeLa cell proteins coimmunoprecipitated by antibodies against brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors 1 and 2 (BIG1 or BIG2) that activate ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of bound GDP with GTP. BIG proteins also contain A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) sequences that can act as scaffolds for multimolecular assemblies that facilitate and limit cAMP signaling temporally and spatially. Direct interaction of BIG1 N-terminal sequence with β-catenin was confirmed using yeast two-hybrid assays and in vitro synthesized proteins. Depletion of BIG1 and/or BIG2 or overexpression of guanine nucleotide-exchange factor inactive mutant, but not wild-type, proteins interfered with β-catenin trafficking, leading to accumulation at perinuclear Golgi structures. Both phospholipase D activity and vesicular trafficking were required for effects of BIG1 and BIG2 on β-catenin activation. Levels of PKA-phosphorylated β-catenin S675 and β-catenin association with PKA, BIG1, and BIG2 were also diminished after BIG1/BIG2 depletion. Inferring a requirement for BIG1 and/or BIG2 AKAP sequence in PKA modification of β-catenin and its effect on transcription activation, we confirmed dependence of S675 phosphorylation and transcription coactivator function on BIG2 AKAP-C sequence.
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17
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Midura EF, Prakash PS, Johnson BL, Rice TC, Kunz N, Caldwell CC. Impact of caspase-8 and PKA in regulating neutrophil-derived microparticle generation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 469:917-22. [PMID: 26707875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality from sepsis continues to remain high despite extensive research into understanding this complex immunologic process. Further, while source control and antibiotic therapy have improved patient outcomes, many immunologically based therapies have fallen short. Microparticles (MPs) are intact vesicles that serve as mediators of intercellular communication as well as markers of inflammation in various disease processes. We have previously demonstrated that MPs can be produced at the infected foci during sepsis, are predominantly of neutrophil derivation (NDMPs) and can modulate immune cells. In this study, we sought to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying NDMP generation. Using thioglycolate (TGA) to recruit and activate neutrophils, we first determined that intra-peritoneal TGA increase NDMP accumulation. We next utilized TGA-elicited neutrophils in vitro to investigate signaling intermediates involved in NDMP production, including the intrinsic and extrinsic caspase pathways, cAMP dependent PKA and Epac activation as well as the role myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) as a final mediator of NDMP release. We observed that NDMP generation was dependent on the extrinsic caspase apoptotic pathway (caspase 3 and caspase 8), cAMP activation of PKA but not of Epac, and on activation of MLCK. Altogether, these data contribute to an overall framework depicting the molecular mechanisms that regulate NDMP generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Midura
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Priya S Prakash
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Bobby L Johnson
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Teresa C Rice
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Natalia Kunz
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Charles C Caldwell
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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18
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TNFα triggers release of extracellular vesicles containing TNFR1 and TRADD, which can modulate TNFα responses of the parental cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 587:31-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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Extracellular Membrane Vesicles Derived from 143B Osteosarcoma Cells Contain Pro-Osteoclastogenic Cargo: A Novel Communication Mechanism in Osteosarcoma Bone Microenvironment. Transl Oncol 2014; 7:331-40. [PMID: 25180057 PMCID: PMC4145399 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone microenvironment (BME) is the main hub of all skeletal related pathological events in osteosarcoma leading to tumor induced bone destruction, and decreasing overall bone quality and bone strength. The role of extra-cellular membrane vesicles (EMVs) as mediators of intercellular communication in modulating osteosarcoma-BME is unknown, and needs to be investigated. It is our hypothesis that osteosarcoma-EMVs contain pro-osteoclastogenic cargo which increases osteoclastic activity, and dysregulated bone remodeling in the osteosarcoma-BME. In this study, EMVs were isolated from the conditioned media of 143B and HOS human osteosarcoma cell cultures using differential ultracentrifugation. Nano-particle tracking analysis determined EMVs in the size range of 50-200 nm in diameter. The EMV yield from 143B cells was relatively higher compared to HOS cells. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the ultrastructure of 143B-EMVs and detected multivesicular bodies. Biochemical characterization of 143B-EMVs detected the expression of bioactive pro-osteoclastic cargo including matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -13 (MMP-1, -13), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), CD-9, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL). Detection of a protein signature that is uniquely pro-osteoclastic in 143B-EMVs is a novel finding, and is significant as EMVs represent an interesting mechanism for potentially mediating bone destruction in the osteosarcoma-BME. This study further demonstrates that 143B cells actively mobilize calcium in the presence of ionomycin, and forskolin, and induce cytoskeleton rearrangements leading to vesicular biogenesis. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that 143B osteosarcoma cells generate EMVs mainly by mechanisms involving increased intracellular calcium or cAMP levels, and contain pro-osteoclastic cargo.
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20
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Regulating the large Sec7 ARF guanine nucleotide exchange factors: the when, where and how of activation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3419-38. [PMID: 24728583 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells require selective sorting and transport of cargo between intracellular compartments. This is accomplished at least in part by vesicles that bud from a donor compartment, sequestering a subset of resident protein "cargos" destined for transport to an acceptor compartment. A key step in vesicle formation and targeting is the recruitment of specific proteins that form a coat on the outside of the vesicle in a process requiring the activation of regulatory GTPases of the ARF family. Like all such GTPases, ARFs cycle between inactive, GDP-bound, and membrane-associated active, GTP-bound, conformations. And like most regulatory GTPases the activating step is slow and thought to be rate limiting in cells, requiring the use of ARF guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEFs). ARF GEFs are characterized by the presence of a conserved, catalytic Sec7 domain, though they also contain motifs or additional domains that confer specificity to localization and regulation of activity. These domains have been used to define and classify five different sub-families of ARF GEFs. One of these, the BIG/GBF1 family, includes three proteins that are each key regulators of the secretory pathway. GEF activity initiates the coating of nascent vesicles via the localized generation of activated ARFs and thus these GEFs are the upstream regulators that define the site and timing of vesicle production. Paradoxically, while we have detailed molecular knowledge of how GEFs activate ARFs, we know very little about how GEFs are recruited and/or activated at the right time and place to initiate transport. This review summarizes the current knowledge of GEF regulation and explores the still uncertain mechanisms that position GEFs at "budding ready" membrane sites to generate highly localized activated ARFs.
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21
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Brefeldin A-inhibited ADP-ribosylation factor activator BIG2 regulates cell migration via integrin β1 cycling and actin remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:14464-9. [PMID: 22908276 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1211877109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG)2 activates ADP-ribosylation factors, ∼20-kDa GTPase proteins critical for continuity of intracellular vesicular trafficking by accelerating the replacement of ADP-ribosylation factor-bound GDP with GTP. Mechanisms of additional BIG2 function(s) are less clear. Here, the participation of BIG2 in integrin β1 cycling through actin dynamics during cell migration was identified using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and difference gel electrophoresis analyses. After a 72-h incubation with BIG2 siRNA, levels of cytosolic Arp2, Arp3, cofilin-1, phosphocofilin, vinculin, and Grb2, known to be involved in the effects of integrin β1-extracellular matrix interactions on actin function and cell translocation, were increased. Treatment of HeLa cells with BIG2 siRNA resulted in perinuclear accumulation of integrin β1 and its delayed return to the cell surface. Motility of BIG2-depleted cells was simultaneously decreased, as were actin-based membrane protrusions and accumulations of Arp2, Arp3, cofilin, and phosphocofilin at the leading edges of migrating cells, in wound-healing assays. Taken together, these data reveal a mechanism(s) through which BIG2 may coordinate actin cytoskeleton mechanics and membrane traffic in cell migration via integrin β1 action and actin functions.
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22
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Biology and signal transduction pathways of the Lymphotoxin-αβ/LTβR system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2011; 22:301-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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György B, Szabó TG, Pásztói M, Pál Z, Misják P, Aradi B, László V, Pállinger E, Pap E, Kittel A, Nagy G, Falus A, Buzás EI. Membrane vesicles, current state-of-the-art: emerging role of extracellular vesicles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:2667-88. [PMID: 21560073 PMCID: PMC3142546 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0689-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1545] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Release of membrane vesicles, a process conserved in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, represents an evolutionary link, and suggests essential functions of a dynamic extracellular vesicular compartment (including exosomes, microparticles or microvesicles and apoptotic bodies). Compelling evidence supports the significance of this compartment in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes. However, classification of membrane vesicles, protocols of their isolation and detection, molecular details of vesicular release, clearance and biological functions are still under intense investigation. Here, we give a comprehensive overview of extracellular vesicles. After discussing the technical pitfalls and potential artifacts of the rapidly emerging field, we compare results from meta-analyses of published proteomic studies on membrane vesicles. We also summarize clinical implications of membrane vesicles. Lessons from this compartment challenge current paradigms concerning the mechanisms of intercellular communication and immune regulation. Furthermore, its clinical implementation may open new perspectives in translational medicine both in diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence György
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Nagyvárad tér, Hungary
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Bui QT, Golinelli-Cohen MP, Jackson CL. Large Arf1 guanine nucleotide exchange factors: evolution, domain structure, and roles in membrane trafficking and human disease. Mol Genet Genomics 2009; 282:329-50. [PMID: 19669794 PMCID: PMC7088145 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-009-0473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Sec7 domain ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are found in all eukaryotes, and are involved in membrane remodeling processes throughout the cell. This review is focused on members of the GBF/Gea and BIG/Sec7 subfamilies of Arf GEFs, all of which use the class I Arf proteins (Arf1-3) as substrates, and play a fundamental role in trafficking in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)—Golgi and endosomal membrane systems. Members of the GBF/Gea and BIG/Sec7 subfamilies are large proteins on the order of 200 kDa, and they possess multiple homology domains. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that both of these subfamilies of Arf GEFs have members in at least five out of the six eukaryotic supergroups, and hence were likely present very early in eukaryotic evolution. The homology domains of the large Arf1 GEFs play important functional roles, and are involved in interactions with numerous protein partners. The large Arf1 GEFs have been implicated in several human diseases. They are crucial host factors for the replication of several viral pathogens, including poliovirus, coxsackievirus, mouse hepatitis coronavirus, and hepatitis C virus. Mutations in the BIG2 Arf1 GEF have been linked to autosomal recessive periventricular heterotopia, a disorder of neuronal migration that leads to severe malformation of the cerebral cortex. Understanding the roles of the Arf1 GEFs in membrane dynamics is crucial to a full understanding of trafficking in the secretory and endosomal pathways, which in turn will provide essential insights into human diseases that arise from misregulation of these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Trang Bui
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, Bat 34, CNRS, 1, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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