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Yousafzai NA, El Khalki L, Wang W, Szpendyk J, Sossey-Alaoui K. Kindlin-2 regulates the oncogenic activities of integrins and TGF-β in triple-negative breast cancer progression and metastasis. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03166-2. [PMID: 39300257 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Kindlin-2, an adapter protein, is dysregulated in various human cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), where it drives tumor progression and metastasis by influencing several cancer hallmarks. One well-established role of Kindlin-2 involves the regulation of integrin signaling, achieved by directly binding to the cytoplasmic tail of the integrin β subunit. In this study, we present novel insights into Kindlin-2's involvement in stabilizing the β1-Integrin:TGF-β type 1 receptor (TβRI) complexes, acting as a physical bridge that links β1-Integrin to TβRI. Loss of Kindlin-2 results in the degradation of this protein complex, leading to the inhibition of downstream oncogenic pathways. We used a diverse range of in vitro assays, including CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, cell migration, 3D-tumorsphere formation and invasion, solid binding, co-immunoprecipitation, cell adhesion and spreading assays, as well as western blot and flow cytometry analyses, utilizing MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 TNBC cell lines. Additionally, preclinical in vivo mouse models of TNBC tumor progression and metastasis were employed to substantiate our findings. Our studies established the direct interaction between Kindlin-2 and β1-Integrin and between Kindlin-2 and TβRI. Disruption of these interactions, via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Kindlin-2, led to the degradation of β1-Integrin and TβRI, resulting in the inhibition of oncogenic pathways downstream of both proteins, subsequently hindering tumor growth and metastasis. Treatment of Kindlin-2-deficient cells with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 restored the expression of both β1-Integrin and TβRI. Furthermore, the rescue of Kindlin-2 expression reinstated their oncogenic activities in vitro and in vivo, while Kindlin-2 lacking domains involved in the interaction of Kindlin-2 with β1-Integrin or TβRI did not. This study identifies a novel function of Kindlin-2 in stabilizing the β1-Integrin:TβRI complexes and regulating their downstream oncogenic signaling. The translational implications of these findings are substantial, potentially unveiling new therapeutically targeted pathways crucial for the treatment of TNBC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelum Aziz Yousafzai
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA
| | - Lamyae El Khalki
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA
| | | | - Khalid Sossey-Alaoui
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA.
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Chowdhury D, Mistry A, Maity D, Bhatia R, Priyadarshi S, Wadan S, Chakraborty S, Haldar S. Pan-cancer analyses suggest kindlin-associated global mechanochemical alterations. Commun Biol 2024; 7:372. [PMID: 38548811 PMCID: PMC10978987 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Kindlins serve as mechanosensitive adapters, transducing extracellular mechanical cues to intracellular biochemical signals and thus, their perturbations potentially lead to cancer progressions. Despite the kindlin involvement in tumor development, understanding their genetic and mechanochemical characteristics across different cancers remains elusive. Here, we thoroughly examined genetic alterations in kindlins across more than 10,000 patients with 33 cancer types. Our findings reveal cancer-specific alterations, particularly prevalent in advanced tumor stage and during metastatic onset. We observed a significant co-alteration between kindlins and mechanochemical proteome in various tumors through the activation of cancer-related pathways and adverse survival outcomes. Leveraging normal mode analysis, we predicted structural consequences of cancer-specific kindlin mutations, highlighting potential impacts on stability and downstream signaling pathways. Our study unraveled alterations in epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers associated with kindlin activity. This comprehensive analysis provides a resource for guiding future mechanistic investigations and therapeutic strategies targeting the roles of kindlins in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debojyoti Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India.
| | - Ayush Mistry
- Department of Biology, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Debashruti Maity
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India
| | - Riti Bhatia
- Department of Biology, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Shreyansh Priyadarshi
- Department of Biology, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Simran Wadan
- Department of Biology, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Soham Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Shubhasis Haldar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India.
- Department of Biology, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka University, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India.
- Technical Research Centre, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700106, India.
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3
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Yousafzai NA, El Khalki L, Wang W, Szpendyk J, Sossey-Alaoui K. Kindlin-2 Regulates the Oncogenic Activities of Integrins and TGF-β In Triple Negative Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3914650. [PMID: 38405979 PMCID: PMC10889066 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3914650/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Kindlin-2, an adaptor protein, is dysregulated in various human cancers, including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), where it drives tumor progression and metastasis by influencing several cancer hallmarks. One well-established role of Kindlin-2 involves the regulation of integrin signaling, achieved by directly binding to the cytoplasmic tail of the integrin β subunit. In this study, we present novel insights into Kindlin-2's involvement in stabilizing the β1-Integrin:TGF-β type 1 receptor (TβRI) complexes, acting as a physical bridge that links β1-Integrin to TβRI. The loss of Kindlin-2 results in the degradation of this protein complex, leading to the inhibition of downstream oncogenic pathways. Methods Our methodology encompassed a diverse range of in vitro assays, including CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, cell migration, 3D tumorsphere formation and invasion, solid binding, co-immunoprecipitation, cell adhesion and spreading assays, as well as western blot and flow cytometry analyses, utilizing MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 TNBC cell lines. Additionally, preclinical in vivo mouse models of TNBC tumor progression and metastasis were employed to substantiate our findings. Results The investigation revealed that the direct interaction between Kindlin-2 and β1-Integrin is mediated through the C-terminal F3 domain of Kindlin-2, while the interaction between Kindlin-2 and TβRI is facilitated through the F2 domain of Kindlin-2. Disruption of this bridge, achieved via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Kindlin-2, led to the degradation of β1-Integrin and TβRI, resulting in the inhibition of oncogenic pathways downstream of both proteins, subsequently hindering tumor growth and metastasis. Treatment of Kindlin-2-deficient cells with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 restored the expression of both β1-Integrin and TβRI. Furthermore, the rescue of Kindlin-2 expression reinstated their oncogenic activities both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions This study identifies a novel function of Kindlin-2 in stabilizing the β1-Integrin:TβR1 complexes and regulating their downstream oncogenic signaling. The translational implications of these findings are substantial, potentially unveiling new therapeutically targeted pathways crucial for the treatment of TNBC tumors.
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He S, Zhang J, Liu Z, Wang Y, Hao X, Wang X, Zhou Z, Ye X, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Wang R. Upregulated Cytoskeletal Proteins Promote Pathological Angiogenesis in Moyamoya Disease. Stroke 2023; 54:3153-3164. [PMID: 37886851 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare progressive vascular disease that leads to intracranial internal carotid artery stenosis and eventual occlusion. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of abnormally expressed proteins in the pathogenesis of MMD. METHODS Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry identifies the differentially expressed proteins in MMD serum by detecting the serum from 60 patients with MMD and 20 health controls. The differentially expressed proteins were validated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Immunofluorescence for superficial temporal artery and middle cerebral artery specimens was used to explore the morphological changes of vascular wall in MMD. In vitro experiments were used to explore the changes and mechanisms of differentially expressed proteins on endothelial cells. RESULTS Proteomic analysis showed that a total of 14 726 peptides and 1555 proteins were quantified by mass spectrometry data. FLNA (filamin A) and ZYX (zyxin) proteins were significantly higher in MMD serum compared with those in health controls (Log2FC >2.9 and >2.8, respectively). Immunofluorescence revealed an intimal hyperplasia in superficial temporal artery and middle cerebral artery specimens of MMD. FLNA and ZYX proteins increased the proportion of endothelial cells in S phase and promoted their proliferation, angiogenesis, and cytoskeleton enlargement. Mechanistic studies revealed that AKT (serine/threonine kinase)/GSK-3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a major role in these FLNA- and ZYX-induced changes in endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS This study provides proteomic data on a large sample size of MMD. The differential expression of FLNA and ZYX in patient with MMD and following in vitro experiments suggest that these upregulated proteins are related to the pathology of cerebrovascular intimal hyperplasia in MMD and are involved in MMD pathogenesis, with diagnostic and therapeutic ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China (S.H., Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, China (S.H., Yuanli Zhao)
| | - Junze Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Ziqi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Yanru Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Xiaokuan Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Xilong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Xun Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Yuanli Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China (S.H., Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, China (S.H., Yuanli Zhao)
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China (Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China (S.H., J.Z., Z.L., Y.W., X.H., X.W., Z.Z., X.Y., Yahui Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China (S.H., Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, China (Yuanli Zhao, R.W.)
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Peng J, Xie F, Qin P, Liu Y, Niu H, Sun J, Xue H, Zhao Q, Liu J, Wu J. Recent development of selective inhibitors targeting the HDAC6 as anti-cancer drugs: Structure, function and design. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106622. [PMID: 37244230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6, a member of the histone deacetylase family, mainly is a cytosolic protein and regulates cell growth by acting on non-histone substrates, such as α -tubulin, cortactin, heat shock protein HSP90, programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), that are closely related to the proliferation, invasion, immune escape and angiogenesis of cancer tissues. The approved drugs targeting the HDACs are all pan-inhibitors and have many side effects due to their lack of selectivity. Therefore, development of selective inhibitors of HDAC6 has attracted much attention in the field of cancer therapy. In this review, we will summarize the relationship between HDAC6 and cancer, and discuss the design strategies of HDAC6 inhibitors for cancer treatment in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Pengxia Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haoqian Niu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haoyu Xue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Qianlong Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jingqian Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jingde Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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The explorations of dynamic interactions of paxillin at the focal adhesions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2022; 1870:140825. [PMID: 35926716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2022.140825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Paxillin is one of the most important adapters in integrin-mediated adhesions that performs numerous crucial functions relying on its dynamic interactions. Its structural behavior serves different purposes, providing a base for several activities. The various domains of paxillin display different functions in the whole process of cell movements and have a significant role in cell adhesion, migration, signal transmission, and protein-protein interactions. On the other hand, some paxillin-associated proteins provide a unique spatiotemporal mechanism for regulating its dynamic characteristics in the tissue homeostasis and make it a more complex and decisive protein at the focal adhesions. This review briefly describes the structural adaptations and molecular mechanisms of recruitment of paxillin into adhesions, explains paxillin's binding dynamics and impact on adhesion stability and turnover, and reveals a variety of paxillin-associated regulatory mechanisms and how paxillin is embedded into the signaling networks.
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Zhevlakova I, Xiong L, Liu H, Dudiki T, Ciocea A, Podrez E, Byzova TV. Opposite roles of Kindlin orthologs in cell survival and proliferation. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13280. [PMID: 35860876 PMCID: PMC9436913 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is unclear why adhesion-dependent cells such as epithelium undergo anoikis without anchorage, while adhesion-independent blood cells thrive in suspension. The adhesive machinery of these cells is similar, with the exception of Kindlin orthologs, Kindlin 2 (K2) and Kindlin 3 (K3). Here we address how Kindlins control cell survival and proliferation in anchorage-dependent and independent cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS To demonstrate the opposite roles of Kindlin's in cell survival we utilized in vivo and in vitro models and K3 and K2 knockdown and knockin cells. We used human lymphocytes from the K3 deficient patients in tumour model, K3 knockout and knockin macrophages and K2 knockout and knockin MEF cells for experiments in under conditions of adhesion and in suspension. RESULTS Depletion of K3 promotes cell proliferation and survival of anchorage-independent cells regardless of cell attachment. In contrast, the absence of K2 in anchorage-dependent cells accelerates apoptosis and limits proliferation. K3 deficiency promotes human lymphoma growth and survival in vivo. Kindlins' interaction with paxillin, is critical for their differential roles in cell anchorage. While disruption of K2-paxillin binding leads to increased apoptosis, the lack of K3-paxillin binding has an opposite effect in adhesion-independent cells. CONCLUSION Kindlin ortologs and their interaction to cytoskeletal protein paxillin define the mechanisms of anchorage dependence. Our study identifies the key elements of the cell adhesion machinery in cell survival and tumour metastasis, proposing possible targets for tumour treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Zhevlakova
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Luyang Xiong
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
- Present address:
CVRC, Simiches Research CenterMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Tejasvi Dudiki
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Alieta Ciocea
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
- Present address:
Hondros College of NursingWestervilleOhioUSA
| | - Eugene Podrez
- Department of Inflammation and ImmunityLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Tatiana V. Byzova
- Department of NeurosciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
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Cell Cycle Regulation by Integrin-Mediated Adhesion. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162521. [PMID: 36010598 PMCID: PMC9406542 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle and cell adhesion are two interdependent cellular processes regulating each other, reciprocally, in every cell cycle phase. The cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) via integrin receptors triggers signaling pathways required for the cell cycle progression; the passage from the G1 to S phase and the completion of cytokinesis are the best-understood events. Growing evidence, however, suggests more adhesion-dependent regulatory aspects of the cell cycle, particularly during G2 to M transition and early mitosis. Conversely, the cell cycle machinery regulates cell adhesion in manners recently shown driven mainly by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the role of integrin-mediated cell adhesion and its downstream signaling components in regulating the cell cycle, emphasizing the cell cycle progression through the G2 and early M phases. Further investigations are required to raise our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of crosstalk between cell adhesion and the cell cycle in detail.
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Wang Y, Han J, Zhou H, Ai S, Wan D. A Prognosis Marker Dynein Cytoplasmic 1 Heavy Chain 1 Correlates with EMT and Immune Signature in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bioinformatics and Experimental Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6304859. [PMID: 35601740 PMCID: PMC9117040 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6304859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) has had a continuous increase in incidence and mortality rates over the last 40 years. Dynein Cytoplasmic 1 Heavy Chain 1 (DYNC1H1) is a protein coding gene which encodes the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain family. This is the first investigation into the expression of DYNC1H1 and its mechanisms of action in LIHC patients. Methods Based on the DYNC1H1 expression data from the TCGA database, we performed the DYNC1H1 expression, clinicopathological data, gene enrichment, and immune infiltration analysis. TIMER and CIBERSORT were used to assess immune responses of DYNC1H1 in LIHC. GEPIA, K-M survival analysis, and immunohistochemical staining pictures from the THPA were used to validate the results. In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of DYNC1H1, GEO datasets were analyzed by using ROC analysis. And quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was also carried out to evaluate the expression of DYNC1H1. Results DYNC1H1 expression levels were associated with T classification, pathologic stage, histologic grade, and serum AFP levels. DYNC1H1 is an independent factor for a poor prognosis in patients with LIHC. Further study showed that high expression of DYNC1H1 was enriched in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the TGF β signaling pathway by GSEA analysis enrichment, indicating that DYNC1H1 might play a key role in the progression of CRC through EMT and immune response, which also had been validated by the experimental assays. Conclusions DYNC1H1 will provide a novel and important perspective for the mechanisms of LIHC by regulating EMT. This gene will be able to act as an efficacious tool for the early diagnosis and effective intervention of LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Jiyu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Haichao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Songtao Ai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Daqian Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
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10
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Chen NP, Aretz J, Fässler R. CDK1-cyclin-B1-induced kindlin degradation drives focal adhesion disassembly at mitotic entry. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:723-736. [PMID: 35469017 PMCID: PMC9106588 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The disassembly of integrin-containing focal adhesions (FAs) at mitotic entry is essential for cell rounding, mitotic retraction fibre formation, bipolar spindle positioning and chromosome segregation. The mechanism that drives FA disassembly at mitotic entry is unknown. Here, we show that the CDK1–cyclin B1 complex phosphorylates the integrin activator kindlin, which results in the recruitment of the cullin 9–FBXL10 ubiquitin ligase complex that mediates kindlin ubiquitination and degradation. This molecular pathway is essential for FA disassembly and cell rounding, as phospho-inhibitory mutations of the CDK1 motif prevent kindlin degradation, FA disassembly and mitotic cell rounding. Conversely, phospho-mimetic mutations promote kindlin degradation in interphase, accelerate mitotic cell rounding and impair mitotic retraction fibre formation. Despite the opposing effects on kindlin stability, both types of mutations cause severe mitotic spindle defects, apoptosis and aneuploidy. Thus, the exquisite regulation of kindlin levels at mitotic entry is essential for cells to progress accurately through mitosis. Chen et al. report that at mitotic entry, cyclin B1–CDK1 phosphorylates the focal adhesion protein kindlin to induce its proteasomal degradation and promote focal adhesion disassembly and mitotic rounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Peng Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Jonas Aretz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
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11
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Rasamizafy SF, Delsert C, Rabeharivelo G, Cau J, Morin N, van Dijk J. Mitotic Acetylation of Microtubules Promotes Centrosomal PLK1 Recruitment and Is Required to Maintain Bipolar Spindle Homeostasis. Cells 2021; 10:1859. [PMID: 34440628 PMCID: PMC8394630 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubulin post-translational modifications regulate microtubule properties and functions. Mitotic spindle microtubules are highly modified. While tubulin detyrosination promotes proper mitotic progression by recruiting specific microtubule-associated proteins motors, tubulin acetylation that occurs on specific microtubule subsets during mitosis is less well understood. Here, we show that siRNA-mediated depletion of the tubulin acetyltransferase ATAT1 in epithelial cells leads to a prolonged prometaphase arrest and the formation of monopolar spindles. This results from collapse of bipolar spindles, as previously described in cells deficient for the mitotic kinase PLK1. ATAT1-depleted mitotic cells have defective recruitment of PLK1 to centrosomes, defects in centrosome maturation and thus microtubule nucleation, as well as labile microtubule-kinetochore attachments. Spindle bipolarity could be restored, in the absence of ATAT1, by stabilizing microtubule plus-ends or by increasing PLK1 activity at centrosomes, demonstrating that the phenotype is not just a consequence of lack of K-fiber stability. We propose that microtubule acetylation of K-fibers is required for a recently evidenced cross talk between centrosomes and kinetochores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Fenosoa Rasamizafy
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Claude Delsert
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la mer, L3AS, 34250 Palavas-les-Flots, France
| | - Gabriel Rabeharivelo
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Cau
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- IGH, CNRS UMR 9002, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France
- Montpellier Rio Imaging, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Morin
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Juliette van Dijk
- Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France; (S.F.R.); (C.D.); (G.R.); (J.C.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
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Mishra YG, Manavathi B. Focal adhesion dynamics in cellular function and disease. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110046. [PMID: 34004332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acting as a bridge between the cytoskeleton of the cell and the extra cellular matrix (ECM), the cell-ECM adhesions with integrins at their core, play a major role in cell signalling to direct mechanotransduction, cell migration, cell cycle progression, proliferation, differentiation, growth and repair. Biochemically, these adhesions are composed of diverse, yet an organised group of structural proteins, receptors, adaptors, various enzymes including protein kinases, phosphatases, GTPases, proteases, etc. as well as scaffolding molecules. The major integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) characterised are focal adhesions (FAs), invadosomes (podosomes and invadopodia), hemidesmosomes (HDs) and reticular adhesions (RAs). The varied composition and regulation of the IACs and their signalling, apart from being an integral part of normal cell survival, has been shown to be of paramount importance in various developmental and pathological processes. This review per-illustrates the recent advancements in the research of IACs, their crucial roles in normal as well as diseased states. We have also touched on few of the various methods that have been developed over the years to visualise IACs, measure the forces they exert and study their signalling and molecular composition. Having such pertinent roles in the context of various pathologies, these IACs need to be understood and studied to develop therapeutical targets. We have given an update to the studies done in recent years and described various techniques which have been applied to study these structures, thereby, providing context in furthering research with respect to IAC targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaswi Gayatri Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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Liu Z, Liu H, Yu D, Gao J, Ruan B, Long R. Downregulation of miR‑29b‑3p promotes α‑tubulin deacetylation by targeting the interaction of matrix metalloproteinase‑9 with integrin β1 in nasal polyps. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:126. [PMID: 33982786 PMCID: PMC8128418 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑9 is a key enzyme responsible for extracellular matrix degradation and contributes to the progressive histological changes observed in lower respiratory tract infections. Integrin β1 and α‑tubulin are potential MMP‑9‑interacting proteins, and microRNA (miR)‑29b‑3p can regulate MMP‑9 expression. MMP‑9 is highly expressed in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs), regardless of its effects on miR‑29b‑3p, integrin β1 and α‑tubulin expression. In the present study, samples from 100 patients with CRSwNPs were examined via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR to assess the mRNA expression of miR‑29b‑3p, and western blotting was performed to assess the protein expression of MMP‑2, MMP‑9, acetyl‑α‑tubulin, integrin β1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP‑1). A dual‑luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the direct binding of miR‑29b‑3p and MMP‑2/MMP‑9. Co‑immunoprecipitation (Co‑IP) and GST pull‑down assays showed that integrin β1 and α‑tubulin were MMP‑9‑interacting proteins. Cell viability, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine levels were determined via a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. miR‑29b‑3p expression was found to be positively correlated with MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 expression. Whereas, TIMP‑1 expression was negatively correlated with MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 expression. The dual‑luciferase assay revealed that miR‑29b‑3p targeted the 3' untranslated region of MMP‑2/MMP‑9. The Co‑IP and GST pull‑down assays showed that MMP‑9 could directly bind to integrin β1 and indirectly bind to α‑tubulin. Finally, the overexpression of miR‑29b‑3p decreased the expression of MMP‑9 and increased the levels of acetyl‑α‑tubulin. By contrast, the knockdown of miR‑29b‑3p increased the expression of MMP‑9 and decreased the levels of acetyl‑α‑tubulin. Additionally, MMP‑9 expression was found to be negatively correlated with acetyl‑α‑tubulin expression. Of note, the expression of integrin β1 did not change following the overexpression and knockdown of MMP‑9. Finally, the overexpression of miR‑29b‑3p not only decreased MMP‑9 expression, but also alleviated lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation in NP69 cells. The results showed that the downregulation of miR‑29b‑3p promoted α‑tubulin deacetylation by increasing the number of MMP‑9‑integrin β1 complexes in CRSwNPs, thus targeting miR‑29b‑3p/MMP‑9 may be a potential novel strategy for the clinical treatment of CRSwNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Qujing, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Deshun Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Biao Ruan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqing Long
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Phosphorylation of Kindlins and the Control of Integrin Function. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040825. [PMID: 33916922 PMCID: PMC8067640 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins serve as conduits for the transmission of information between cells and their extracellular environment. Signaling across integrins is bidirectional, transducing both inside-out and outside-signaling. Integrin activation, a transition from a low affinity/avidity state to a high affinity/avidity state for cognate ligands, is an outcome of inside-signaling. Such activation is particularly important for the recognition of soluble ligands by blood cells but also influences cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Integrin activation depends on a complex series of interactions, which both accelerate and inhibit their interconversion from the low to the high affinity/avidity state. There are three components regarded as being most proximately involved in integrin activation: the integrin cytoplasmic tails, talins and kindlins. The participation of each of these molecules in integrin activation is highly regulated by post-translation modifications. The importance of targeted phosphorylation of integrin cytoplasmic tails and talins in integrin activation is well-established, but much less is known about the role of post-translational modification of kindlins. The kindlins, a three-member family of 4.1-ezrin-radixin-moesin (FERM)-domain proteins in mammals, bind directly to the cytoplasmic tails of integrin beta subunits. This commentary provides a synopsis of the emerging evidence for the role of kindlin phosphorylation in integrin regulation.
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Plow EF, Pluskota E, Bialkowska K. Kindlins as modulators of breast cancer progression. JOURNAL OF BREAST CANCER RESEARCH 2021; 1:20-29. [PMID: 35936112 PMCID: PMC9352049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Kindlin-1 (K1, FERMT1), Kindlin-2 (K2, FERMT2), and Kindlin-3 (K3, FERMT3) are the three members of the kindlin family of adapter proteins found in mammals. One or more kindlins are found in most cell types, K1 primarily in epithelial cells, K3 in primarily hematopoietic cells and also endothelial cells, and K2 is very broadly distributed. The kindlins consist primarily of a 4.1-erzin-radixin-moiesin (FERM) domain, which is transected by a lipid-binding plextrin-homology (PH) domain. Deficiencies of each kindlin in mice and/ or humans have profound pathogenic consequences. The most well-established function of kindlins depends on their ability to participate in the activat integrin adhesion receptors. This function depends on the binding of each kindlin to the beta subunit of integrins where it cooperates with talin to enhance avidity of interactions with cognate extracellular matrix ligands. Deficiencies of many different integrins are lethal, are critical for normal development of mammary tissue, and excessive expression and/or activation of certain integrins are associated with progression and metastasis of breast cancer. However, via its interaction with many other intracellular proteins, kindlins can influence numerous cellular responses. Changes in expression of each of the three kindlins have been reported in association with breast cancer, with several studies indicating that kindlins are among the most upregulated genes in breast cancer. The association of abnormal functions of K2 with breast cancer is particularly extensive with many reports indicating that it is a major driver of breast cancer via its promotion of cancer cell proliferation, survival, adhesion, migration, invasion, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and its influence on macrophage recruitment and phenotype. These associations suggest that the kindlins and their functions represent an intriguing therapeutic target for exploration of breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F. Plow
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA 44139
| | - Elzbieta Pluskota
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA 44139
| | - Katarzyna Bialkowska
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA 44139
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