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Meurisse M, Defechereux T, Hamoir E, Maweja S, Marchettini P, Gollogly L, Degauque C, Joris J, Faymonville ME. Hypnosis with Conscious Sedation instead of General Anaesthesia? Applications in Cervical Endocrine Surgery. Acta Chir Belg 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00015458.1999.12098468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Meurisse
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - T. Defechereux
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - E. Hamoir
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - S. Maweja
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - P. Marchettini
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - L. Gollogly
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - C. Degauque
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - J. Joris
- Departments of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - M. E. Faymonville
- Departments of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Liege, Belgium
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Kaiser P, Kohen DP, Brown ML, Kajander RL, Barnes AJ. Integrating Pediatric Hypnosis with Complementary Modalities: Clinical Perspectives on Personalized Treatment. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E108. [PMID: 30087271 PMCID: PMC6111600 DOI: 10.3390/children5080108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
While pediatric integrative medicine (PIM) emphasizes an "evidence-based practice using multiple therapeutic modalities"; paradoxically, literature reviews examining the prevalence and/or efficacy of such mind⁻body approaches often address PIM modalities separately. Such contributions are relevant, yet documentation of how to deliver combined complementary approaches in children and youth are scarce. Nevertheless, integrative practitioners in clinical practice routinely mix approaches to meet the individual needs of each patient. Best practices are flexible, and include blending and augmenting services within the same session, and/or connecting modalities sequentially for an incremental effect, and/or referring to outside resources for additional interventions. Resonating with integrative medicine's definition, this article's goal is to demonstrate paradigms that "bring together complementary approaches in a coordinated way within clinical practice" by linking clinical hypnosis, the trail-blazer modality in PIM's history, with mindfulness, biofeedback, acupuncture, and yoga. Following the consideration of the overlap of guided imagery with hypnosis and an abridged literature report, this clinical perspective considers the selection of modalities within a collaborative relationship with the child/teen and parents, emphasizing goodness-of-fit with patients' contexts, e.g., symptoms, resources, interests, goals, and developmental stage. Case vignettes illustrate practical strategies for mixing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Kaiser
- National Pediatric Hypnosis Training Institute (NPHTI), 29 Western Terrace, Minneapolis, MN 55426, USA.
| | - Daniel P Kohen
- National Pediatric Hypnosis Training Institute (NPHTI), 29 Western Terrace, Minneapolis, MN 55426, USA.
- Partners-in-Healing, 10505 Wayzata Blvd #200, Minnetonka, MN 55305, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware St SE #353, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
| | - Melanie L Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware St SE #353, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
- Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, 2525 Chicago Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Kajander
- National Pediatric Hypnosis Training Institute (NPHTI), 29 Western Terrace, Minneapolis, MN 55426, USA.
| | - Andrew J Barnes
- National Pediatric Hypnosis Training Institute (NPHTI), 29 Western Terrace, Minneapolis, MN 55426, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware St SE #353, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
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Casiglia E, Tikhonoff V, Giordano N, Regaldo G, Facco E, Marchetti P, Schiff S, Tosello MT, Giacomello M, Rossi AM, De Lazzari F, Palatini P, Amodio P. Relaxation versus fractionation as hypnotic deepening: do they differ in physiological changes? Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2012; 60:338-55. [PMID: 22681329 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2012.675297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
After rapid hypnotic induction, 12 healthy volunteers underwent hypnotic deepening with relaxation or with fractionation (without relaxation) in a random latin-square protocol. Electroencephalographic occipital alpha activity was measured, low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography was performed, and hemodynamics (stroke volume, heart rate, cardiac output, mean arterial blood pressure, forearm arterial flow and resistance) were monitored in basal conditions and after deepening. After relaxation, both forearm flow (-18%) and blood pressure (-4%) decreased; forearm resistance remained unchanged. After fractionation, a forearm flow decrease comparable to that recorded after relaxation was observed, but blood pressure remained unchanged, leading to an increase of forearm resistance (+51%). Central hemodynamics did not change. Alpha activity increased in the precuneus after fractionation only. In conclusion, both relaxation and fractionation have vasoconstrictor effects, but fractionation is also associated with an increase in peripheral resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Casiglia
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova and Italian Centre for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, Torino, Italy.
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Hammond DC. Hypnosis as sole anesthesia for major surgeries: historical & contemporary perspectives. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 2008; 51:101-21. [PMID: 18998378 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2008.10401653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypnosis is a well validated treatment for acute and chronic pain (Montgomery, DuHamel, & Redd, 2000). It has been found capable of reducing inflammation, altering blood flow, and producing beneficial effects when hypnotic suggestions are provided during and prior to surgery (Frederick, 2001) and other painful medical procedures. This paper quotes extensively from historical examples of the use of hypnosis (mesmerism) as the sole anesthesia for major surgeries in the 1800's. These historic examples by themselves provide powerful documentation of the ability of the mind to influence the body, but they are then followed by a review of contemporary literature and controlled research on the use in hypnosis in relation to surgery and prior to medical procedures.
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Phoenix SL. Psychotherapeutic intervention for numerous and large viral warts with adjunctive hypnosis: a case study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 2007; 49:211-8. [PMID: 17265978 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2007.10401583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Psychotherapy with adjunctive hypnosis is known to be an effective approach for the treatment of viral warts. There is an increasing clinical and scientific literature that illustrates the successful use of psychotherapeutic treatment with and without hypnosis in the reduction or elimination of viral warts (Bloch, 1927; Chandrasena, 1982; Clawson & Swade, 1975; Dreaper, 1978; Ewin, 1992; Ewin, 1995; and Goldstein, 2005; Obermayer & Greenson, 1949; McDowell, 1949; Reid, 1989; Scott, 1960; Spanos, Stenstrom & Johnston, 1988; Spanos, Williams & Gwynn, 1990; Surman et al., 1973; Morris, 1985; Noll, 1994; Noll, 1988; O'Laughlan, 1995; Tasini & Hackett, 1977; Vollmer, 1946; Yalom, 1964). In this case study the veracious area experienced a 100% reduction in five treatment sessions spanning a total of seven weeks. In this case, psychotherapy with hypnotic treatment relied upon an emphasis on two interventions: reduction of wart area with guided imagery and suggestions for the optimization of the client's immune system functioning. Photos illustrate the client's pre-treatment, mid-treatment, and post-treatment state. Causal factors in the client's recovery cannot be easily isolated but the startling results attest to the efficacy of the overall interventions and treatment context compared to prior medical interventions.
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McGuirk J, Fitzgerald D, Friedmann PS, Oakley D, Salmon P. The effect of guided imagery in a hypnotic context on forearm blood flow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ch.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Hypnosis became popular as a treatment for medical conditions in the late 1700s when effective pharmaceutical and surgical treatment options were limited. To determine whether hypnosis has a role in contemporary medicine, relevant trials and a few case reports are reviewed. Despite substantial variation in techniques among the numerous reports, patients treated with hypnosis experienced substantial benefits for many different medical conditions. An expanded role for hypnosis and a larger study of techniques appear to be indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Stewart
- Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Fla 32224, USA.
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Goldstein RH. Successful repeated hypnotic treatment of warts in the same individual: a case report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 2005; 47:259-64. [PMID: 15915853 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2005.10403640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We report on a case of a female patient who was successfully treated with hypnosis for warts on 2 occasions separated by an interval of 7 years. Of note is the fact that she had low expectations regarding the benefit to be derived from hypnosis and did not at first appear to be highly hypnotizable.
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Shenefelt PD. Biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral methods, and hypnosis in dermatology: is it all in your mind? Dermatol Ther 2004; 16:114-22. [PMID: 12919113 DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8019.2003.01620.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Biofeedback can improve cutaneous problems that have an autonomic nervous system component. Examples include biofeedback of galvanic skin resistance (GSR) for hyperhidrosis and biofeedback of skin temperature for Raynaud's disease. Hypnosis may enhance the effects obtained by biofeedback. Cognitive-behavioral methods may resolve dysfunctional thought patterns (cognitive) or actions (behavioral) that damage the skin or interfere with dermatologic therapy. Responsive diseases include acne excoriée, atopic dermatitis, factitious cheilitis, hyperhidrosis, lichen simplex chronicus, needle phobia, neurodermatitis, onychotillomania, prurigo nodularis, trichotillomania, and urticaria. Hypnosis can facilitate aversive therapy and enhance desensitization and other cognitive-behavioral methods. Hypnosis may improve or resolve numerous dermatoses. Examples include acne excoriée, alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, dyshidrotic dermatitis, erythromelalgia, furuncles, glossodynia, herpes simplex, hyperhidrosis, ichthyosis vulgaris, lichen planus, neurodermatitis, nummular dermatitis, postherpetic neuralgia, pruritus, psoriasis, rosacea, trichotillomania, urticaria, verruca vulgaris, and vitiligo. Hypnosis can also reduce the anxiety and pain associated with dermatologic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Shenefelt
- Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Shenefelt
- Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
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Defechereux T, Meurisse M, Hamoir E, Gollogly L, Joris J, Faymonville ME. Hypnoanesthesia for endocrine cervical surgery: a statement of practice. J Altern Complement Med 1999; 5:509-20. [PMID: 10630345 DOI: 10.1089/acm.1999.5.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of endocrine cervical surgery under hypnoanesthesia as a valuable, safe, efficient, and economic alternative to general anesthesia. METHODS Between April 1994 and June 1997, 197 thyroidectomies and 21 cervical explorations for hyperparathyroidism were performed under hypnoanesthesia (HYP) using Erikson's method. Operative data and postoperative course of this initial series were compared to a contemporary population of patients (n = 119) clinically similar except that they declined HYP or were judged unsuitable for it, and who were therefore operated on under general anesthesia (GA). RESULTS The surgeons all reported better operating conditions for cervicotomy using HYP. Conversion from hypnosis to GA was needed in two cases (1%). All patients having HYP reported a pleasant experience and, keeping in mind that the GA group is not a randomly assigned control group, both had significantly less postoperative pain and analgesic use. Hospital stay was also significantly shorter, providing a substantial reduction in the costs of medical care. The postoperative convalescence was significantly improved after HYP and a full return to social or professional activity was significantly quicker. CONCLUSION From this study, we conclude that HYP is an effective technique for providing relief of intraoperative and postoperative pain in endocrine cervical surgery. The technique results in high patient satisfaction and better surgical convalescence. This technique can therefore be used in most well-chosen patients and reduces the socioeconomic impact of hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Defechereux
- Department of Surgery, University of Liege, Belgium. T.
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Felt BT, Hall H, Olness K, Schmidt W, Kohen D, Berman BD, Broffman G, Coury D, French G, Dattner A, Young MH. Wart Regression in Children: Comparison of Relaxation-Imagery to Topical Treatment and Equal Time Interventions. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1998.10404199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Moore LE, Wiesner SL. Hypnotically-induced vasodilation in the treatment of repetitive strain injuries. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1996; 39:97-104. [PMID: 8936710 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1996.10403372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The study examined the effectiveness of behaviorally-induced vasodilation (hypnosis with biofeedback and autogenics) in the treatment of upper extremity repetitive strain injuries (RSI). Thirty patients with recent onset of upper extremity RSI symptoms were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment conditions, i.e., hypnotically-induced vasodilation or a waiting-list control. Treatments were given on an individual basis, once a week for 6 weeks. Patients in the treatment condition showed highly significant increases in hand temperature between pre- and post-treatment. Patients in the treatment condition also showed highly significant reductions in pain in comparison to the waiting list condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Moore
- Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California, USA
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Ewin DM. Hypnotherapy for warts (verruca vulgaris): 41 consecutive cases with 33 cures. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1992; 35:1-10. [PMID: 1442635 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1992.10402977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Published, controlled studies of the use of hypnosis to cure warts are confined to using direct suggestion in hypnosis (DSIH), with cure rates of 27% to 55%. Prepubertal children respond to DSIH almost without exception, but adults often do not. Clinically, many adults who fail to respond to DSIH will heal with individual hypnoanalytic techniques that cannot be tested against controls. By using hypnoanalysis on those who failed to respond to DSIH, 33 of 41 (80%) consecutive patients were cured, two were lost to follow-up, and six did not respond to treatment. Self-hypnosis was not used. Several illustrative cases are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Ewin
- Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA
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Abstract
In burn treatment, hypnosis has been used for the alleviation of pain, the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression, and the acceleration of wound healing. The successful application of hypnosis decreases the extensive medication needed. Furthermore, it provides a tool to patients with which they may experience more control in situations that are often experienced as overwhelming. Notwithstanding these important applications and the very positive terms with which the results of studies are generally described, hypnosis has mostly been neglected as a tool to help burn patients. This article reviews the clinical and experimental evidence of the usefulness of hypnosis in the management of burns. Pain reduction and crisis intervention are promising applications. However, due to a lack of systematic and controlled research, more specific conclusions are precluded. In the controversial area of wound healing, claims for the effectiveness of hypnosis have been made on the basis of slim evidence and inconclusive studies. This hypothesis needs to be addressed in controlled experiments. In summary, systematic investigations are needed to confirm and supplement available clinical evidence. Recommendations for future research are given.
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Azuma N, Stevenson I. "Psychic surgery" in the Philippines as a form of group hypnosis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1988; 31:61-7. [PMID: 3064581 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1988.10402769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Morris BA. Hypnotherapy of warts using the Simonton visualization technique: a case report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1985; 27:237-40. [PMID: 4014057 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1985.10402614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bishay EG, Stevens G, Lee C. Hypnotic control of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a case report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1984; 27:22-5. [PMID: 6507329 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1984.10402584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Fung EH, Lazar BS. Hypnosis as an adjunct in the treatment of von Willebrand's disease. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1983; 31:256-65. [PMID: 6604704 DOI: 10.1080/00207148308406621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Margolis CG, Domangue BB, Ehleben C, Shrier L. Hypnosis in the early treatment of burns: a pilot study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1983; 26:9-15. [PMID: 6678116 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1983.10404131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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May SR, DeClement FA. Effects of early hypnosis on the cardiovascular and renal physiology of burn patients. Burns 1983; 9:257-66. [PMID: 6850385 DOI: 10.1016/0305-4179(83)90055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen patients with body surface area (BSA) burns of 4 per cent to 83 per cent, with whom single hypnotherapeutic interventions were attempted 5.3 +/- 3.4 h post burn, were compared to 16 matched controls. Ten physiological parameters related to fluid volume and haemodynamics were recorded on the first two post burn days. The only significant difference discovered was elevated urine output 0-48 h postburn in successfully hypnotized patients (P = 0.01). This difference was inversely related (r = -0.94, P = 0.009) to burn size from a 10 per cent BSA burn (3.9 litres/48 h) to a 35 per cent BSA burn (1.6 litres/48 h). A statistically suggestive (P = 0.13) increase in urine output occurred in patients in whom hypnotic trance induction was unsuccessfully attempted. Patients with BSA burn sizes greater than or equal to 50 per cent, who presented with significant physiological stress and hypovolemia, were found not to be susceptible to hypnotic trance induction, and derived no physiological benefit. Attempted hypnotherapeutic intervention per se, with its psychotherapeutic component, may act only to reduce affective or psychological stress and anxiety. This psychological stress reduction apparently facilitates the loss of retained fluid in patients with small burns by a mechanism which is overwhelmed by the physiological stress of a major burn injury.
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Cancer Prevention — A Three Year Pilot Study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1982. [DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1982.10404092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gravitz MA. The production of warts by suggestion as a cultural phenomenon. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1981; 23:281-3. [PMID: 7282583 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1981.10404037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Bank WO, Kerber CW. Medical hypnosis during therapeutic embolizations of the carotid and vertebral arteries. Neuroradiology 1979; 17:249-52. [PMID: 481740 DOI: 10.1007/bf00337534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Iatrogenic neurological deficit constitutes the greatest risk during therapeutic embolization in the vascular territories of the carotid and vertebral arteries. Constant monitoring of the patient's neurological status is therefore essential. The authors discuss the use of medical hypnosis to circumvent general anesthesia and to reduce chemical sedation to a minimum. Their experience with this technique is presented.
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Fredericks LE. Teaching of hypnosis in the overall approach to the surgical patient. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1978; 20:175-83. [PMID: 757319 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1978.10403926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Garver RB. The enhancement of human performance with hypnosis through neuromotor facilitation and control of arousal level. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 1977; 19:177-81. [PMID: 835493 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.1977.10403867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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