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Song Y, Lian J, Wang K, Wen J, Luo Y. Changes in the cortical network during sleep stage transitions. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:20-33. [PMID: 36148534 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sleep state transitions are closely related to insomnia, drowsiness, and sleep maintenance. However, how the cortical network varies during such a transition process remains unclear. Changes in the cortical interaction during the short-term process of sleep stage transitions were investigated. In all, 40 healthy young participants underwent overnight polysomnography. The phase transfer entropy of six frequency bands was obtained from 16 electroencephalography channels to assess the strength and direction of information flow between the cortical regions. Differences in the cortical network between the first and the last 10 s in a 40-s transition period across wakefulness, N1, N2, N3, and rapid eye movement were, respectively, studied. Various frequency bands exhibited different patterns during the sleep stage transitions. It was found that the mutual transitions between the sleep stages were not necessarily the opposite. More significant changes were observed in the sleep deepening process than in the process of sleep awakening. During sleep stage transitions, changes in the inflow and outflow strength of various cortical regions led to regional differences, but for the entire sleep progress, such an imbalance did not intensify, and a dynamic balance was instead observed. The detailed findings of variations in cortical interactions during sleep stage transition promote understanding of sleep mechanism, sleep process, and sleep function. Additionally, it is expected to provide helpful clues for sleep improvement, like reducing the time required to fall asleep and maintaining sleep depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiakai Lian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejie Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Wen
- Psychology Department, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Song Y, Wang K, Wei Y, Zhu Y, Wen J, Luo Y. Graph Theory Analysis of the Cortical Functional Network During Sleep in Patients With Depression. Front Physiol 2022; 13:858739. [PMID: 35721531 PMCID: PMC9199990 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.858739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression, a common mental illness that seriously affects the psychological health of patients, is also thought to be associated with abnormal brain functional connectivity. This study aimed to explore the differences in the sleep-state functional network topology in depressed patients. A total of 25 healthy participants and 26 depressed patients underwent overnight 16-channel electroencephalography (EEG) examination. The cortical networks were constructed by using functional connectivity metrics of participants based on the weighted phase lag index (WPLI) between the EEG signals. The results indicated that depressed patients exhibited higher global efficiency and node strength than healthy participants. Furthermore, the depressed group indicated right-lateralization in the δ band. The top 30% of connectivity in both groups were shown in undirected connectivity graphs, revealing the distinct link patterns between the depressed and control groups. Links between the hemispheres were noted in the patient group, while the links in the control group were only observed within each hemisphere, and there were many long-range links inside the hemisphere. The altered sleep-state functional network topology in depressed patients may provide clues for a better understanding of the depression pathology. Overall, functional network topology may become a powerful tool for the diagnosis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejie Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongpeng Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Wen
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong, 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Sleep in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of polysomnographic findings. Sleep Med Rev 2019; 48:101210. [PMID: 31518950 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polysomnographic studies have been performed to examine sleep abnormalities in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but clear associations between PTSD and sleep disturbances have not been established. A systematic review of the evidence examining the polysomnographic changes in PTSD patients compared with controls was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, All EBM databases, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases. Meta-analysis was undertaken where possible. The searches identified 34 studies, 31 of which were appropriate for meta-analysis. Pooled results indicated decreased total sleep time, slow wave sleep and sleep efficiency, and increased wake time after sleep onset in PTSD patients compared with healthy controls. PTSD severity was associated with decreased sleep efficiency and slow wave sleep percentage. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep percentage was significantly decreased in PTSD patients compared with controls in studies including participants with mean age below 30 y, but not in studies with other mean age groups (30-40 y and >40 y). Our study shows that polysomnographic abnormalities are present in PTSD. Sex, age, PTSD severity, type of controls, medication status, adaptation night, polysomnographic scoring rules and study location are several of the demographic, clinical and methodological factors that contribute to heterogeneity between studies.
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Chu RKO, Braun AR, Meltzer JA. MEG-based detection and localization of perilesional dysfunction in chronic stroke. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 8:157-69. [PMID: 26106540 PMCID: PMC4473381 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Post-stroke impairment is associated not only with structural lesions, but also with dysfunction in surviving perilesional tissue. Previous studies using equivalent current dipole source localization of MEG/EEG signals have demonstrated a preponderance of slow-wave activity localized to perilesional areas. Recent studies have also demonstrated the utility of nonlinear analyses such as multiscale entropy (MSE) for quantifying neuronal dysfunction in a wide range of pathologies. The current study utilized beamformer-based reconstruction of signals in source space to compare spectral and nonlinear measures of electrical activity in perilesional and healthy cortices. Data were collected from chronic stroke patients and healthy controls, both young and elderly. We assessed relative power in the delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (15–30 Hz) frequency bands, and also measured the nonlinear complexity of electrical activity using MSE. Perilesional tissue exhibited a general slowing of the power spectrum (increased delta/theta, decreased beta) as well as a reduction in MSE. All measures tested were similarly sensitive to changes in the posterior perilesional regions, but anterior perilesional dysfunction was detected better by MSE and beta power. The findings also suggest that MSE is specifically sensitive to electrophysiological dysfunction in perilesional tissue, while spectral measures were additionally affected by an increase in rolandic beta power with advanced age. Furthermore, perilesional electrophysiological abnormalities in the left hemisphere were correlated with the degree of language task-induced activation in the right hemisphere. Finally, we demonstrate that single subject spectral and nonlinear analyses can identify dysfunctional perilesional regions within individual patients that may be ideal targets for interventions with noninvasive brain stimulation. We assessed the spontaneous MEG activity of perilesional tissue in stroke. We observed perilesional spectral slowing and reduced signal complexity. We demonstrate a method to identify dysfunctional tissue within a single subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron K O Chu
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychology, 100 St. George Street, 4th Floor, Sidney Smith Hall, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada ; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, 3560 Bathurst St., Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Allen R Braun
- Language Section, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jed A Meltzer
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychology, 100 St. George Street, 4th Floor, Sidney Smith Hall, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada ; University of Toronto, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada ; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, 3560 Bathurst St., Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada ; Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, 600 Peter Morand Cres., Suite 201, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
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Kuo TBJ, Li JY, Shen-Yu Hsieh S, Chen JJ, Tsai CY, Yang CCH. Effect of aging on treadmill exercise induced theta power in the rat. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2010; 32:297-308. [PMID: 20411343 PMCID: PMC2926859 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-010-9143-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The effects of aging on the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectra of 8- and 60-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats were examined during the waking baseline and treadmill exercise. Using continuous and simultaneous recordings of EEG and electromyogram signals, this study demonstrated that the alpha (10-13 Hz), theta (6-10 Hz), and delta (0.5-4 Hz) powers of the EEG were significantly lower in older rats as compared with young rats during the waking baseline. In the young rats, treadmill exercise resulted promptly in a higher alpha power, higher theta power, and higher theta power percentage as compared with the waking baseline. In the aged rats, treadmill exercise only resulted in a higher theta power and higher theta power percentage. During the treadmill exercise, however, the aged rats still showed a significantly lower exercise-evoked theta power change than the young rats. These results suggested that aging is accompanied by lower EEG activities during waking and this also is accompanied by an attenuated response of the brain to exercise in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry B. J. Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, 10341 Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
| | - Sandy Shen-Yu Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Exercise and Sport Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10610 Taiwan
| | - Jin-Jong Chen
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, 10341 Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yao Tsai
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, 10341 Taiwan
| | - Cheryl C. H. Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, 10341 Taiwan
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Sample entropy tracks changes in electroencephalogram power spectrum with sleep state and aging. J Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 26:257-66. [PMID: 19590434 DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0b013e3181b2f1e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The regularity of electroencephalogram signals was compared between middle-aged (47.2 +/- 2.0 years) and elderly (78.4 +/- 3.8 years) female subjects in wake, nonrapid eye movement stages 2 and 3 (S-2, S-3), and rapid eye movement sleep. Signals from C3A2 leads of healthy subjects, acquired from polysomnograms obtained from the Sleep Heart Health Study, were analyzed using both sample entropy (SaEn) and power spectral analysis (delta, theta, alpha, and beta frequency band powers). SaEn changed systematically and significantly (P < 0.001) with sleep state in both age groups, following the relationships wake > rapid eye movement > S-2 > S-3. SaEn was found to be negatively correlated with delta power and positively correlated with beta power. Small changes in SaEn seem to reflect changes in spectral content rather than changes in regularity of the signal. A better predictor of SaEn than the frequency band powers was the logarithm of the power ratio (alpha + beta)/(delta + theta). Thus, SaEn seems to reflect the balance between sleep-promoting and alertness-promoting mechanisms. SaEn of the elderly was larger than that of middle-aged subjects in S-2 (P = 0.029) and rapid eye movement (P = 0.001), suggesting that cortical state is shifted toward alertness in elderly subjects in these sleep states compared with the middle-aged subjects.
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Xi M, Chase MH. The impact of age on the hypnotic effects of eszopiclone and zolpidem in the guinea pig. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 205:107-17. [PMID: 19343329 PMCID: PMC2695551 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-009-1520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Eszopiclone and zolpidem are hypnotics that differentially affect sleep and waking states in adult animals. Therefore, it was of interest to compare their effects on the states of sleep and wakefulness in aged animals. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to determine the responses to eszopiclone and zolpidem vis-à-vis sleep and waking states in aged guinea pigs and to compare them with the effects of these hypnotics in adult animals. METHODS Aged guinea pigs were prepared to monitor sleep and waking states and to perform a frequency analysis of the EEG. Eszopiclone and zolpidem were administered intraperitoneally (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg). RESULTS Eszopiclone produced a more rapid and greater increase in NREM sleep as well as longer duration episodes of NREM sleep compared with zolpidem. There was also a significant increase in the latency to REM sleep with eszopiclone, but not with zolpidem. EEG power during NREM sleep increased in the delta band and decreased in the theta band following eszopiclone administration, whereas zolpidem had no effect on any of the frequency bands analyzed. CONCLUSIONS In aged as well as adult guinea pigs, eszopiclone is a more effective hypnotic insofar as it produces a shorter latency to NREM sleep, a greater amount of NREM sleep and EEG delta waves. Differences in the effects produced by eszopiclone and zolpidem as a function of the aging process likely reflect the fact that they bind to different subunits of the GABA(A) receptors, which are differentially reactive to the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchu Xi
- WebSciences International, 1251 Westwood Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
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Poepel A, Helmstaedter C, Kockelmann E, Axmacher N, Burr W, Elger CE, Fell J. Correlation between EEG rhythms during sleep: surface versus mediotemporal EEG. Neuroreport 2007; 18:837-40. [PMID: 17471077 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0b013e3281053c1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We compared surface and intracranial electroencephalogram recordings of mediotemporal structures. These structures are critically involved in declarative memory formation and memory consolidation during sleep. As memory processing is suggested to involve the interplay between fast and slow oscillations, we hypothesized different correlations between frequency bands in surface versus mediotemporal electroencephalogram recordings. Polysomnographic recordings obtained in 10 patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy were analyzed. In accordance with earlier studies, we observed that power density in surface electroencephalogram is organized reciprocally between delta/theta and fast frequencies above 16 Hz during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (negative correlations). In contrast, we found that within the hippocampus delta/theta power alternated in parallel with fast oscillations above 16 Hz during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (positive correlations).
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Kobayashi I, Boarts JM, Delahanty DL. Polysomnographically measured sleep abnormalities in PTSD: a meta-analytic review. Psychophysiology 2007; 44:660-9. [PMID: 17521374 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.537.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although sleep complaints are common among patients with Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), polysomnographic studies examining sleep abnormalities in PTSD have produced inconsistent results. To clarify discrepant findings, we conducted a meta-analytic review of 20 polysomnographic studies comparing sleep in people with and without PTSD. Results showed that PTSD patients had more stage 1 sleep, less slow wave sleep, and greater rapid-eye-movement density compared to people without PTSD. We also conducted exploratory analyses aimed at examining potential moderating variables (age, sex, and comorbid depression and substance use disorders). Overall, studies with a greater proportion of male participants or a low rate of comorbid depression tended to find more PTSD-related sleep disturbances. These findings suggest that sleep abnormalities exist in PTSD, and that some of the inconsistencies in prior findings may be explained by moderating variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihori Kobayashi
- Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.
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