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Li PH, Kushnir T. Seeing Gray in a World of Black and White: Children Appreciate Reasoners Who Approach Moral Dilemmas With Humility. Dev Sci 2024:e13565. [PMID: 39329460 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Moral decisions often involve dilemmas: cases of conflict between competing obligations. In two studies (N = 204), we ask whether children appreciate that reasoning through dilemmas involves acknowledging that there is no single, simple solution. In Study 1, 5- to 8-year-old US children were randomly assigned to a Moral Dilemma condition, in which story characters face dilemmas between two prosocial actions, or a Personal Cost control, in which story characters face decisions between a matched prosocial action and a self-interested action. Children were then presented with two reasoners who made the same judgment, but one confidently endorsed one moral action, and the other hesitantly acknowledged both actions. As they aged, children became more likely to prefer the uncertain reasoner's "way of thinking" in the Moral Dilemma compared to the Personal Cost condition. They also inferred that the uncertain reasoner was nicer and more trustworthy than the confident one. In Study 2, when both reasoners acknowledged the dilemma and differed only in their level of uncertainty, 5-year-olds preferred the acknowledgment to be accompanied by a confident decision, 6- and 7-year-olds preferred it be accompanied by uncertainty, and 8-year-olds showed no preference. These results show that, before the age at which children can resolve dilemmas successfully on their own, they recognize and value others who approach dilemmas with appropriate humility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl Han Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tamar Kushnir
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Cooper MR, Olcaysoy Okten I. Unveiling the perception of politicians' intellectual humility. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 250:104495. [PMID: 39299024 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Embracing intellectual humility has been touted as a potential key factor in improving relationships among people with different perspectives. Surprisingly, little research has been conducted on how individuals perceive those who express their views with intellectual humility, and no research, to our knowledge, examined perceptions of intellectual humility in political leaders specifically. This study aimed to examine to what extent perceivers value intellectual humility in the face of a polarizing topic (abortion) and when it is expressed by political leaders (hypothetical presidential candidates) sharing or opposing one's view. We predicted that individuals would like the same-view leader more than the opposing-view leader; however, they would also prefer leaders expressing intellectual humility overall. Importantly, we also explored whether individuals would be more tolerant of intellectual arrogance when arrogance came from a leader who shared (vs. opposed) their ideology. A pilot study (N = 94) confirmed all these predictions. A preregistered study with a larger sample (N = 927) replicated these patterns and showed that positive evaluations of leaders' intellectual humility were also contingent on their views and the ways they expressed intellectual humility (openness to alternative views or fallibility of their own view). While perceivers evaluated both the same and opposing-view leaders' openness to alternative views positively, they evaluated the same-view (but not the opposing-view) leaders' expression of fallibility negatively. Our findings shed light on the boundary conditions of valuing intellectual humility while offering insights on when and why people may refrain from expressing humility themselves and knowingly or unknowingly contribute to polarizing discourse.
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Koetke J, Schumann K, Welker K, Coleman PT. Intellectual humility is reliably associated with constructive responses to conflict. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309848. [PMID: 39240981 PMCID: PMC11379209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Conflict is a ubiquitous, but potentially destructive, feature of social life. In the current research, we argue that intellectual humility-the awareness of one's intellectual fallibility-plays an important role in promoting constructive responses and decreasing destructive responses to conflict in different contexts. In Study 1, we examine the role of intellectual humility in interpersonal conflicts with friends and family members. In Study 2, we extend this finding to workplace conflicts. In both studies we find that intellectual humility predicts more constructive and less destructive responses to conflict. This work extends the burgeoning literature on the benefits of intellectual humility by demonstrating its association with responses that help defuse conflictual encounters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah Koetke
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Karina Schumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Keith Welker
- Constructive Dialogue Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter T Coleman
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
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4
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Barr EA, Celniker JB, Ballantyne N. Advancing Vaccine Uptake in People With HIV: A Call for Research on Trust and Intellectual Humility in Health Care. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2024; 35:456-459. [PMID: 39042495 PMCID: PMC11346704 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This article addresses the challenge of vaccine hesitancy among people with HIV (PWH), emphasizing the need for research on the potential impact of trust and intellectual humility in health care. It underscores the complexity of vaccine acceptance in PWH and the urgency of addressing hesitancy in PWH ahead of a future HIV vaccine. The article identifies trust in health care providers as a critical factor influencing vaccine uptake and proposes that providers who demonstrate intellectual humility-openly recognizing the limits of their knowledge-might enhance patient trust. The role of nurses is spotlighted because of their social positioning in the patient experience. The article advocates for interventions tailored to PWH's unique experiences and attitudes. Such strategies are essential for improving vaccine uptake and, consequently, public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Barr
- Emily A. Barr, PhD, RN, CPNP-PC, CNM, ACRN, FACNM, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston at the Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, Texas, USA. Jared B. Celniker, PhD, is Research Director at Arizona State University, School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies, Tempe, Arizona, USA. Nathan Ballantyne, PhD, is Associate Professor of Philosophy, Cognition, and Culture at Arizona State University, School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Jared B. Celniker
- Emily A. Barr, PhD, RN, CPNP-PC, CNM, ACRN, FACNM, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston at the Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, Texas, USA. Jared B. Celniker, PhD, is Research Director at Arizona State University, School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies, Tempe, Arizona, USA. Nathan Ballantyne, PhD, is Associate Professor of Philosophy, Cognition, and Culture at Arizona State University, School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Nathan Ballantyne
- Emily A. Barr, PhD, RN, CPNP-PC, CNM, ACRN, FACNM, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston at the Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, Texas, USA. Jared B. Celniker, PhD, is Research Director at Arizona State University, School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies, Tempe, Arizona, USA. Nathan Ballantyne, PhD, is Associate Professor of Philosophy, Cognition, and Culture at Arizona State University, School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Vaupotič N, Kienhues D, Jucks R. Complexity appreciated: How the communication of complexity impacts topic-specific intellectual humility and epistemic trustworthiness. PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:740-756. [PMID: 38360535 PMCID: PMC11290028 DOI: 10.1177/09636625241227800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In the context of science communication, complexity is often reduced. This study employs a 2 × 2 experimental design (N = 432) to investigate how two factors, namely the communication of complexity (reduced vs not reduced) and the provision of suggestions for concrete action (suggested vs not suggested), influence individuals' productive engagement with the socio-scientific topic of sustainable energy. Measured variables include topic-specific intellectual humility, judgements of source trustworthiness, willingness to act, anxiety, and hope. As expected, communication of complexity led to higher topic-specific intellectual humility, higher epistemic trustworthiness and higher anxiety. When a concrete action was communicated, participants reported lower topic-specific intellectual humility. Participants' willingness to act was not significantly affected by the experimental manipulation. The results of the study imply that the communication of complexity does not hinder people's productive engagement with science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Vaupotič
- University of Münster, Germany; University of Vienna, Austria
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Ratchford JL, Schnitker SA. Virtue in Pursuit of Goals: A Goals-Based Approach to Patience Measurement. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:181-195. [PMID: 37306360 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2219846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we provide a contextualized assessment of virtue through validation of a goals-based approach to measuring patience, the Goals-Based Virtue-Patience Scale (GBV-P). To assess virtue in a way congruent with its definition requires consideration of situational and contextual factors; however, most extant measures of virtue instead assess virtue at a decontextualized, global level (Ng & Tay, 2020). As such, we developed a contextualized and motivationally attuned goals-based assessment of the virtue of patience, the ability to remain calm in the face of frustration, suffering, or delay in goal pursuit. We engaged multilevel structural equation modeling to validate a new measure of patience in pursuit of goals nested within people. Across three studies (N = 798) assessing the GBV-P, data were consistent with reliability and structural validity tests, and associations of the new measure with other regulatory virtues or constructs (e.g., global patience, self-control, conscientiousness, perseverance, emotion regulation) as well as well-being (e.g., life satisfaction, goal orientation, meaning) and ill-being outcomes (e.g., depression and anxiety symptoms, loneliness, stress) provided evidence of convergent validity. Likewise, patience was differentially engaged depending on the goal domain and type; approach (vs. avoidance), interpersonal (vs. intrapersonal), and generativity goals were pursued with more patience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah A Schnitker
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
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Vanney CE, Mesurado B, Sáenz JIA, Richaud MC. Intellectual Virtues for Interdisciplinary Research: A Consensual Qualitative Analysis. Cogn Sci 2023; 47:e13348. [PMID: 37750818 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Through a qualitative approach, this study identified a specific subgroup of intellectual virtues necessary for developing interdisciplinary research. Cognitive science was initially conceived as a new discipline emerging from various fields, including philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, and anthropology. Thus, a frequent debate among cognitive scientists is whether the initial multidisciplinary program successfully developed into a mature interdisciplinary field or evolved into a set of independent sciences of cognition. For several years, interdisciplinarity has been an aspiration for the academy, although the difficulties limiting the success of interdisciplinary collaborations have begun to erode that initial optimism. Our analysis suggests that the problems hindering the success of interdisciplinarity can be overcome by fostering certain intellectual character strengths in scholars. The Consensual Qualitative Research method was used to analyze nine semi-structured interviews involving researchers with a long personal trajectory of interdisciplinary research between the sciences and the humanities. Three virtue domains emerged from the interviews' analysis: (i) intellectual virtues, (ii) social virtues, and (iii) interpersonal intellectual virtues. The virtues of the third domain intersect with intellectual and social ones. They are intellectual because they pursue epistemic goods. But, unlike other intellectual virtues, they only develop in interpersonal settings, so they can also be considered to have a social component. Interpersonal intellectual virtues can be thus defined as intellectual character traits that facilitate the acquisition of knowledge (intellectual motivation) with and through other people in a reciprocal way (social environment). These virtues are essential for developing any successful collective epistemic enterprise, interdisciplinary research being a privileged context where these qualities manifest themselves in a relevant way.
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Abedin E, Ferreira M, Reimann R, Cheong M, Grossmann I, Alfano M. Exploring intellectual humility through the lens of artificial intelligence: Top terms, features and a predictive model. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 238:103979. [PMID: 37467653 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intellectual humility (IH) is often conceived as the recognition of, and appropriate response to, your own intellectual limitations. As far as we are aware, only a handful of studies look at interventions to increase IH - e.g. through journalling - and no study so far explores the extent to which having high or low IH can be predicted. This paper uses machine learning and natural language processing techniques to develop a predictive model for IH and identify top terms and features that indicate degrees of IH. We trained our classifier on the dataset from an existing psychological study on IH, where participants were asked to journal their experiences with handling social conflicts over 30 days. We used Logistic Regression (LR) to train a classifier and the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) dictionaries for feature selection, picking out a range of word categories relevant to interpersonal relationships. Our results show that people who differ on IH do in fact systematically express themselves in different ways, including through expression of emotions (i.e., positive, negative, and specifically anger, anxiety, sadness, as well as the use of swear words), use of pronouns (i.e., first person, second person, and third person) and time orientation (i.e., past, present, and future tenses). We discuss the importance of these findings for IH and the value of using such techniques for similar psychological studies, as well as some ethical concerns and limitations with the use of such semi-automated classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Abedin
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | | | - Marc Cheong
- School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Igor Grossmann
- Department of Psychology, The University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Mark Alfano
- Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Australia
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9
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Davis DE, Ballantyne N, Hook JN, Van Tongeren DR. Conclusion to the special issue on the interdisciplinary study of intellectual humility: unifying themes from divergent theories and research programs. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2022.2155231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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10
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Schmitt RM, Huynh HP. Stay (Close to) Humble: Intellectual Humility Negatively Predicts Stigma Toward and Social Distance from Individuals with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231157233. [PMID: 36780657 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231157233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains a highly stigmatized disorder despite its prevalence. Given that the origin of stigmatization is rooted in cognitive representations that people hold, stigma may be differentially exhibited by people with varying degrees of cognitive flexibility. Intellectual humility, the recognition of one's own intellectual shortcomings or flaws, may allow for flexibility in how people navigate knowledge surrounding PTSD, which may reduce stigma and improve interpersonal interactions with individuals with PTSD. The present study investigated whether intellectual humility would negatively predict PTSD stigma and social distance, above and beyond demographic factors and personal or social experience with individuals with PTSD. Participants (N = 421, 67.2% men, mean age = 37.45, SDage = 9.99) completed a multidimensional measure for intellectual humility and the Mental Illness Stigma Scale adapted to assess PTSD stigma. Results confirmed our preregistered predictions. Bivariate correlations demonstrated that overall intellectual humility was negatively correlated with overall PTSD stigma, and overall intellectual humility was negatively correlated with overall social distance. That is, intellectually humble people reported less PTSD stigma and desired closer social distance with individuals with PTSD. Additionally, hierarchical multiple regression revealed that intellectual humility predicted unique variance in PTSD stigma and social distance above and beyond the contribution of demographic factors and personal experience or social relationships with someone with PTSD. These results may provide a useful framework for approaching and minimizing stigma toward PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randee M Schmitt
- Department of Psychology and Philosophy, 4038Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Ho Phi Huynh
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Davis DE, Bowes S, McLaughlin A, Hsu W, Gazaway S, McElroy-Heltzel S, Van Tongeren DR, Hook JN. In search of convergent creativity: content analysis of research on intellectual humility. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2022.2154706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Don E. Davis
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shauna Bowes
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Aaron McLaughlin
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wendy Hsu
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah Gazaway
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua N. Hook
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
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12
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Jayawickreme E, Fleeson W. Understanding intellectual humility and intellectual character within a dynamic personality framework. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2022.2154701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eranda Jayawickreme
- Department of Psychology and Program for Leadership and Character, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - William Fleeson
- Department of Psychology and Program for Leadership and Character, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Davis DE. The interdisciplinary study of intellectual humility: an introduction to the special issue. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2022.2154707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Don E. Davis
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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14
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Kroplewski Z, Krumrei-Mancuso EJ, Bielecka G, Szcześniak M. A Preliminary Validation of the Polish Version of the Comprehensive Intellectual Humility Scale (CIHS). Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:3627-3638. [DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s380470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Kim Y, Nusbaum HC, Yang F. Going beyond ourselves: the role of self-transcendent experiences in wisdom. Cogn Emot 2022; 37:98-116. [PMID: 36417261 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2149473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Having good moral character often involves shifting one's focus of attention from the self to others and the world. Across three studies (N = 605 adults), we found converging evidence that self-transcendent experiences, specifically awe and flow, enabled the expression of wisdom, as captured by wise reasoning and epistemic humility measures. Study 1 found that dispositionally awe- and flow-prone people have stronger wise reasoning and epistemic humility abilities, over and above dispositional happiness. Consistent with Study 1, Study 2 found that, across diverse recalled experiences, individuals who experienced more awe showed greater wise reasoning, and those who experienced more flow showed greater epistemic humility. In Study 3, using situated interventions, we induced awe (watching a video involving vast nature scenes) and flow (composing a song using an online music maker) and compared them with neutral and amusement experiences. Compared to these control conditions, eliciting awe and flow facilitated one's (1) ability to address interpersonal conflicts with wise reasoning, (2) ability to acknowledge one's epistemic gaps, and (3) willingness to improve those aspects and one's general moral character. Altogether, these findings reveal the promising role of self-transcendent experiences in motivating people to appreciate others' perspectives beyond one's own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yena Kim
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Howard C. Nusbaum
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Schumann K, Koetke J, Ludwig JM. Intellectual Humility in the Health and Well-Being Context: Implications for Promoting Positive Client Relationships, Client Receptivity, and Unbiased Information Gathering. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1414-1418. [DOI: 10.1177/08901171221125326e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Schumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh210 S. Bouquet St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jonah Koetke
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh210 S. Bouquet St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Justin M Ludwig
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh210 S. Bouquet St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Sgambati TJ, Ayduk ON. Is Intellectual Humility an Antidote for Our Polarized Nation? Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1411-1414. [PMID: 36305503 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221125326d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone J Sgambati
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ozlem N Ayduk
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Krumrei-Mancuso EJ, Begin MR. Cultivating Intellectual Humility in Leaders: Potential Benefits, Risks, and Practical Tools. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1404-1411. [DOI: 10.1177/08901171221125326c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Johnson SS. Knowing Well, Being Well: well-being born of understanding: Editor’s Desk: It’s Critical to Cultivate Intellectual Humility. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1399-1420. [DOI: 10.1177/08901171221125326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Johnson SS. Editor’s Desk: It’s Critical to Cultivate Intellectual Humility. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1399-1401. [DOI: 10.1177/08901171221125326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Porter T, Catalán Molina D, Lucas M, Oberle C, Trzesniewski K. Classroom environment predicts changes in expressed intellectual humility. CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2022.102081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Ludwig JM, Schumann K, Porter T. Humble and apologetic? Predicting apology quality with intellectual and general humility. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Fetterman AK, Muscanell NL, Wu D, Sassenberg K. When You Are Wrong on Facebook, Just Admit It. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Intellectually humble behavior, like admitting when you are wrong, leads to better impression formation. However, online social networks (OSNs) have changed the impression formation process. We investigated the impact of wrongness admission on impression formation during an OSN argument. In four experiments ( N = 679), participants witnessed a user engage in wrongness admission, refuse to admit, or not respond, in an argument on a Facebook wall. Participants reported their impressions of whether they would be willing to interact with the (non)admitting user. User reputation ratings and interaction intentions were higher in the admission (vs. nonadmission) condition. The latter effect was mediated by user reputation ratings. Wrongness admission appears to have a positive impact on impression formation on OSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam K. Fetterman
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Social Processes Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicole L. Muscanell
- Social Processes Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
- Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute, JHT, Incorporated, USA
| | - Dongjie Wu
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kai Sassenberg
- Social Processes Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Warren MA, Warren MT. The EThIC Model of Virtue-Based Allyship Development: A New Approach to Equity and Inclusion in Organizations. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS : JBE 2021; 182:783-803. [PMID: 34840369 PMCID: PMC8606279 DOI: 10.1007/s10551-021-05002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As organizations take on grand challenges in gender equality, anti-racism, LGBTQ+ protections and workplace inclusion, many well-intentioned individuals from dominant groups (e.g., cisgender men, Caucasian, heterosexual) are stepping forward as allies toward underrepresented or marginalized group members (e.g., cisgender women, People of Color, LGBTQ+ identified employees). Past research and guidance assume an inevitable need for external motivation, reflected in the 'business case' for diversity and in top-down policies to drive equity and inclusion efforts. This qualitative study explored internal motivations in the form of morally motivated virtues of 25 peer-nominated exemplary allies serving in leadership positions. In-depth life/career story interviews were used to identify the virtues that supported their allyship journeys. Findings demonstrated that they tapped into several virtues that served distinct functions in a 4-stage allyship development process: Stage 1-Energizing psychological investment (compassion, fairness); Stage 2-Thinking through allyship-relevant complexities (intellectual humility, perspective-taking, wisdom); Stage 3-Initiating action (prudence, moral courage, honesty); Stage 4-Committing to allyship (perseverance, patience). We call this the 'EThIC model of virtue-based allyship development.' This study has implications for theory and research on a virtue-based approach to diversity, equity and inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg A. Warren
- College of Business and Economics, Western Washington University, PH 23, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA
| | - Michael T. Warren
- Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Koetke J, Schumann K, Porter T. Intellectual Humility Predicts Scrutiny of COVID-19 Misinformation. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550620988242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been felt across the globe. While health experts work to spread life-saving information, misinformation and fake news about the virus undermine these efforts. What actions can people take when confronting COVID-19 misinformation, and what factors motivate people to take these actions? We propose that people can engage in investigative behaviors (e.g., fact-checking, seeking alternative opinions) to scrutinize the validity of the information they encounter, and we examine intellectual humility as a predictor of these important behaviors. In three studies ( N = 1,232) examining both behavioral intentions (Studies 1 and 2) and real behavior (Study 3), we find that those higher in intellectual humility are more likely to engage in investigative behaviors in response to COVID-19 misinformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah Koetke
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Tenelle Porter
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California Davis, CA, USA
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