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Hajihashemi P, Haghighatdoost F, Kassaian N, Rahim Khorasani M, Hoveida L, Nili H, Tamizifar B, Adibi P. Therapeutics effects of bovine colostrum applications on gastrointestinal diseases: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2024; 13:76. [PMID: 38409162 PMCID: PMC10898101 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the effects of bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation on gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is conflicting. OBJECTIVES This systematic review summarized the findings of clinical trials (CTs) on the effects of BC supplementation on GI diseases. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in online databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus, until March 2021 and updated until December 2023. CTs investigated BC's effect on any measurable symptomatic change in terms of GI health as the primary outcome variable or as one of the outcomes in any population eligible for this systematic review. RESULTS Out of 6881 records, 22 CTs (uncontrolled = 4, cross-over = 1, and parallel = 17) with 1427 patients were enrolled in the systematic review. Diarrhea, the most frequently evaluated symptom (20 interventional arms), was decreased in frequency with BC supplementation in 15 of these arms. However, most studies reported no change in its duration. BC supplementation consistently reduced stool frequency across all seven studies. Abdominal pain relief was noted in four interventional arms but showed no improvement in five others. Assessment of other GI symptoms was limited, yielding inconclusive results. CONCLUSIONS There is limited evidence on the effects of BC on GI diseases, with mixed findings. More well-designed controlled clinical trials are required to explore its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hajihashemi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nazila Kassaian
- Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rahim Khorasani
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran.
| | - Laleh Hoveida
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hassan Nili
- Zeitoon Isfahan Vaccine Innovators Company, Isfahan Scince and Technology Town, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Babak Tamizifar
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Gomes RD, Anaya K, Galdino AB, Oliveira JP, Gama MA, Medeiros CA, Gavioli EC, Porto ALF, Rangel AH. Bovine colostrum: A source of bioactive compounds for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. NFS JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Liu J, Wang D. ABO(H) and Lewis blood group substances and disease treatment. Transfus Med 2021; 32:187-192. [PMID: 34569102 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Since the early 20th century, scientists have determined that blood group antigens can be inherited. With more and more studies have been devoted to finding the relationship between blood groups and diseases, the relationship of ABO(H) and Lewis blood groups and the development of human diseases have been summarised. In addition, many studies have shown that blood group substances, such as blood group antigen or related antibody, play an important role in disease prevention and treatment. This review focuses on the advances of ABO(H), Lewis blood group substances in the treatment of diseases, which has important significance for the development of novel therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Liu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Deqing Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Batista da Silva Galdino A, do Nascimento Rangel AH, Buttar HS, Sales Lima Nascimento M, Cristina Gavioli E, Oliveira RDP, Cavalcanti Sales D, Urbano SA, Anaya K. Bovine colostrum: benefits for the human respiratory system and potential contributions for clinical management of COVID-19. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.1892594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alyne Batista da Silva Galdino
- Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias – UAECA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Macaíba, Brasil
| | | | - Harpal Singh Buttar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, School of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Manuela Sales Lima Nascimento
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Natal, Brasil
| | - Elaine Cristina Gavioli
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Natal, Brasil
| | - Riva de Paula Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Natal, Brasil
| | - Danielle Cavalcanti Sales
- Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias – UAECA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Macaíba, Brasil
| | - Stela Antas Urbano
- Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias – UAECA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Macaíba, Brasil
| | - Katya Anaya
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi – FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brasil
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Balan P, Sik-Han K, Moughan PJ. Impact of oral immunoglobulins on animal health-A review. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:1099-1110. [PMID: 31270894 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) is the one of the main anti-infective components of blood, colostrum and breast milk. It is the unique glycoprotein that defends the body from harmful bacteria, viruses and other environmental pathogens by either binding to them or by forming an encapsulating barrier. The expansion of antimicrobial and immunomodulatory products from natural sources for dietary supplementation in both animals and humans is an ever growing and thriving area of research. Purified Ig from sheep serum (ovine serum Ig) is one such candidate product. Recent work has shown the various biological effects of oral Ig in different animal models including its effect on growth, immunity, intestinal growth and gut barrier function. The objective of this paper is to review the results of recent studies demonstrating the effects of oral Ig in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic animal models and to suggest a possible mechanism of its action. Overall, purified oral Ig improves growth of healthy (and challenged) rats and defends against enteric infection by immunomodulation, mucin protein and/or modification of commensal microbial composition. The findings contribute to knowledge of how orally administered ovine Ig can influence and enhance key indicators of gut function and overall growth performance in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu Balan
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Alpha-Massey Natural Nutraceutical Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kyoung Sik-Han
- Department of Animal Resource, Sahmyook University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Paul J Moughan
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Alpha-Massey Natural Nutraceutical Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Ulfman LH, Leusen JHW, Savelkoul HFJ, Warner JO, van Neerven RJJ. Effects of Bovine Immunoglobulins on Immune Function, Allergy, and Infection. Front Nutr 2018; 5:52. [PMID: 29988421 PMCID: PMC6024018 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to provide an in depth overview of the current knowledge of the effects of bovine immunoglobulins on the human immune system. The stability and functional effects of orally ingested bovine immunoglobulins in milk products are described and potential mechanisms of action are discussed. Orally ingested bovine IgG (bovine IgG) can be recovered from feces, ranging from very low levels up to 50% of the ingested IgG that has passed through the gastrointestinal tract. In infants the recovered levels are higher than in adults most likely due to differences in stomach and intestinal conditions such as pH. This indicates that bovine IgG can be functionally active throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Indeed, a large number of studies in infants and adults have shown that bovine IgG (or colostrum as a rich source thereof) can prevent gastrointestinal tract infections, upper respiratory tract infections, and LPS-induced inflammation. These studies vary considerably in target group, design, source of bovine IgG, dosage, and endpoints measured making it hard to draw general conclusions on effectiveness of bovine immunoglobulin rich preparations. Typical sources of bovine IgG used in human studies are serum-derived IgG, colostrum, colostrum-derived IgG, or milk-derived immunoglobulins. In addition, many studies have used IgG from vaccinated cows, but studies using IgG from nonimmunized animals have also been reported to be effective. Mechanistically, bovine IgG binds to many human pathogens and allergens, can neutralize experimental infection of human cells, and limits gastrointestinal inflammation. Furthermore, bovine IgG binds to human Fc receptors which, enhances phagocytosis, killing of bacteria and antigen presentation and bovine IgG supports gastrointestinal barrier function in in vitro models. These mechanisms are becoming more and more established and explain why bovine IgG can have immunological effects in vivo. The inclusion of oral bovine immunoglobulins in specialized dairy products and infant nutrition may therefore be a promising approach to support immune function in vulnerable groups such as infants, children, elderly and immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeanette H W Leusen
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Huub F J Savelkoul
- Wageningen University & Research, Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Allergy Consortium Wageningen, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - John O Warner
- National Institute of Health Research, Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care for NW London, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Joost van Neerven
- FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands.,Wageningen University & Research, Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Caetano-Anolles K, Kim K, Kwak W, Sung S, Kim H, Choi BH, Lim D. Genome sequencing and protein domain annotations of Korean Hanwoo cattle identify Hanwoo-specific immunity-related and other novel genes. BMC Genet 2018; 19:37. [PMID: 29843617 PMCID: PMC5975384 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0623-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of genetic mechanisms and idiosyncrasies at the breed-level can provide valuable information for potential use in evolutionary studies, medical applications, and breeding of selective traits. Here, we analyzed genomic data collected from 136 Korean Native cattle, known as Hanwoo, using advanced statistical methods. Results Results revealed Hanwoo-specific protein domains which were largely characterized by immunoglobulin function. Furthermore, domain interactions of novel Hanwoo-specific genes reveal additional links to immunity. Novel Hanwoo-specific genes linked to muscle and other functions were identified, including protein domains with functions related to energy, fat storage, and muscle function that may provide insight into the mechanisms behind Hanwoo cattle’s uniquely high percentage of intramuscular fat and fat marbling. Conclusion The identification of Hanwoo-specific genes linked to immunity are potentially useful for future medical research and selective breeding. The significant genomic variations identified here can crucially identify genetic novelties that are arising from useful adaptations. These results will allow future researchers to compare and classify breeds, identify important genetic markers, and develop breeding strategies to further improve significant traits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0623-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Caetano-Anolles
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwondo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Kwan-ak St. 599, Kwan-ak Gu, Seoul, 151-741, Republic of Korea
| | - Woori Kwak
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Kwan-ak St. 599, Kwan-ak Gu, Seoul, 151-741, Republic of Korea.,CHO&KIM genomics, Main Bldg. #514, SNU Research Park, Seoul National University Mt.4-2, NakSeoungDae, Gwanakgu, Seoul, 151-919, Republic of Korea
| | - Samsun Sung
- CHO&KIM genomics, Main Bldg. #514, SNU Research Park, Seoul National University Mt.4-2, NakSeoungDae, Gwanakgu, Seoul, 151-919, Republic of Korea
| | - Heebal Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Kwan-ak St. 599, Kwan-ak Gu, Seoul, 151-741, Republic of Korea.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea.,CHO&KIM genomics, Main Bldg. #514, SNU Research Park, Seoul National University Mt.4-2, NakSeoungDae, Gwanakgu, Seoul, 151-919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 77 Chuksan-gil, Kwonsun-gu, Suwon, 441-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Lim
- Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 77 Chuksan-gil, Kwonsun-gu, Suwon, 441-706, Republic of Korea.
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Elkak A, Hamade A, Bereli N, Armutcu C, Denizli A. Synthesis of hydroxyethyl-methacrylate-(L)-histidine methyl ester cryogels. Application on the separation of bovine immunoglobulin G. Anal Biochem 2017; 525:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Sokic-Milutinovic A, Alempijevic T, Milosavljevic T. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis: Current knowledge and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11654-11672. [PMID: 26556993 PMCID: PMC4631967 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. The outcome of the infection depends on environmental factors and bacterial and host characteristics. Gastric carcinogenesis is a multistep process that is reversible in the early phase of mucosal damage, but the exact point of no return has not been identified. Therefore, two main therapeutic strategies could reduce gastric cancer incidence: (1) eradication of the already present infection; and (2) immunization (prior to or during the course of the infection). The success of a gastric cancer prevention strategy depends on timing because the prevention strategy must be introduced before the point of no return in gastric carcinogenesis. Although the exact point of no return has not been identified, infection should be eradicated before severe atrophy of the gastric mucosa develops. Eradication therapy rates remain suboptimal due to increasing H. pylori resistance to antibiotics and patient noncompliance. Vaccination against H. pylori would reduce the cost of eradication therapies and lower gastric cancer incidence. A vaccine against H. pylori is still a research challenge. An effective vaccine should have an adequate route of delivery, appropriate bacterial antigens and effective and safe adjuvants. Future research should focus on the development of rescue eradication therapy protocols until an efficacious vaccine against the bacterium becomes available.
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10
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Hu D, Zhang F, Zhou J, Xu B, Zhang H, Qiang H, Ren S, Shan B, Yin C, Zhang Z, Wang X, Zhao C, Shi Z. The clearance effect of bovine anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody-containing milk in O blood group Helicobacter pylori-infected patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. J Transl Med 2015; 13:205. [PMID: 26123101 PMCID: PMC4484630 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The failure in standard triple therapy has recently increased to high levels in China, primarily because of insufficient patient compliance, antimicrobial resistance, and high costs. Effective prevention and eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by artificial passive immunization with orally administered bovine antibodies in the milk has been demonstrated in many animal studies, but the clinical studies that are available have shown no H. pylori eradication. This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orally administered bovine anti-H. pylori antibodies for the clearance of H. pylori infecting O blood group subpopulations. METHODS Two local epidemic H. pylori strains that were prevalent locally were screened and then used to immunize dairy cows. After confirmation of the presence of anti-H. pylori polyclonal antibodies in the milk by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the milk was subsequently defatted and processed into sterile milk by pasteurization. This study was designed as a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Our 61 H. pylori-infected O blood group subjects were assigned to two groups; 31 subjects were treated with bovine milk containing antibodies and 30 subjects with the placebo. The medication-based study was continued for 28 days. Subjects were followed up for 56 days. The effect was assessed by the C-14 urea breath test (UBT). SPSS 17.0 software for Windows was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Of the 61 subjects enrolled, 58 completed the protocol. One volunteer in the antibodies group and two volunteers in the control group dropped out. Of the 30 antibody-treated subjects, 13 became UBT negative, whereas none of the 30 of the placebo-treated subjects became UBT negative after the medication. Of 13 UBT negative patients, 3 became positive again at the end of the follow-up. Both intention to treat and per-protocol analysis indicated a significant difference in the clearance rate of infected patients between the groups treated with bovine antibody-containing milk and the placebo (P = 0.001, P < 0.05) and no significant difference in adverse effects (P > 0.05 all). CONCLUSIONS Bovine antibody-based oral immunotherapy appears to be safe and has a significant clearance effect on intragastric H. pylori that infects O blood group adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR-TRC-14005212.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailun Hu
- Clinical Department, The Research Section of Experimentation Teaching Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- The Institute of Cereal and Oil Crop, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jikun Zhou
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baohong Xu
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huiqin Qiang
- Shijiazhuang Center for Prevention and Control of Animal Diseases, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuguang Ren
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baoen Shan
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changfu Yin
- Clinical Department, The Research Section of Experimentation Teaching Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhitao Zhang
- Clinical Department, The Research Section of Experimentation Teaching Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xian Wang
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuan Zhao
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongli Shi
- Clinical Department, The Research Section of Experimentation Teaching Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Whereas active immunity refers to the process of exposing the individual to an antigen to generate an adaptive immune response, passive immunity refers to the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another. Passive immunity provides immediate but short-lived protection, lasting several weeks up to 3 or 4 months. Passive immunity can occur naturally, when maternal antibodies are transferred to the fetus through the placenta or from breast milk to the gut of the infant. It can also be produced artificially, when antibody preparations derived from sera or secretions of immunized donors or, more recently, different antibody producing platforms are transferred via systemic or mucosal route to nonimmune individuals. Passive immunization has recently become an attractive approach because of the emergence of new and drug-resistant microorganisms, diseases that are unresponsive to drug therapy and individuals with an impaired immune system who are unable to respond to conventional vaccines. This chapter addresses the contributions of natural and artificial acquired passive immunity in understanding the concept of passive immunization. We will mainly focus on administration of antibodies for protection against various infectious agents entering through mucosal surfaces.
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Peng J, Lu C, Qi ZQ, Zhang GH. In vitro bacteriostatic activity of IgY against recombinant Helicobacter pylori FlaA protein. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:1936-1942. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i14.1936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) FlaA IgY.
METHODS: Recombinant H. pylori FlaA was prepared by prokaryotic expression and used to immunize hens. Anti-FlaA IgY was purified and IgY titer was determined by ELISA. The antibody was then tested to check if there was any cross-reaction with the common intestinal flora like Lacticacid bacteria, Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity of different concentrations of anti-H. pylori FlaA IgY (0.1, 1 and 5 mg/mL) was finally determined.
RESULTS: The concentration of purified FlaA protein was 2.97 mg/mL, and the titer of anti-FlaA IgY was 1:12800 three weeks after immunization. Anti-FlaA IgY did not react with the common intestinal flora, but reacted well with H. pylori and FlaA protein. In vitro results showed that there were significant differences (P < 0.01) in the H. pylori concentrations between the control group and the groups treated with 0.1, 1, or 5 mg/mL FlaA IgY, indicating that FlaA IgY of various concentrations could inhibit the growth of H. pylori in a certain degree. The antibacterial activity of 0.1 mg/mL FlaA IgY was mainly present between 1 and 6 h, and was mostly lost after 6 h. The growth of H. pylori treated with 1 mg/mL FlaA IgY was relatively slow, and the bacterial concentration of the group treated with 5 mg/mL FlaA IgY did not alter significantly between 1 and 24 h. After 108 CFU/mL H. pylori was treated with three different doses (0.1, 1, 5 mg/mL) of FlaA IgY for 24 h, a significant difference in bacterial concentration was observed between the low dose group and the other two groups (P < 0.01). Anti-FlaA IgY at 5 mg/mL could completely inhibit the growth of H. pylori.
CONCLUSION: High-titer anti-FlaA IgY can specifically react with H. pylori, and has no cross-reaction with the common intestinal flora. Anti-FlaA IgY at 5 mg/mL has a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of H. pylori.
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13
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Functional Mutations in and Characterization of VHH Against Helicobacter pylori Urease. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3079-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Daoud-Attieh M, Chaib H, Armutcu C, Uzun L, Elkak A, Denizli A. Immunoglobulin G purification from bovine serum with pseudo-specific supermacroporous cryogels. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Rabinovitz BC, Gerhardt E, Tironi Farinati C, Abdala A, Galarza R, Vilte DA, Ibarra C, Cataldi A, Mercado EC. Vaccination of pregnant cows with EspA, EspB, γ-intimin, and Shiga toxin 2 proteins from Escherichia coli O157:H7 induces high levels of specific colostral antibodies that are transferred to newborn calves. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:3318-26. [PMID: 22612965 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-5093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a major cause of intestinal disease and hemolytic uremic syndrome, a serious systemic complication that particularly affects children. Cattle are primary reservoirs for EHEC O157:H7 and the main source of infection for humans. Vaccination of cattle with different combinations of bacterial virulence factors has shown efficacy in decreasing EHEC O157:H7 shedding. It is, therefore, important to demonstrate whether vaccination of pregnant cows with EHEC O157:H7 induces high titers of transferable antibodies to avoid early colonization of calves by the bacteria. In this study we evaluated the ability of EspA, EspB, the C-terminal fragment of 280 amino acids of γ-intimin (γ-intimin C₂₈₀) and inactivated Shiga toxin (Stx) 2 proteins to induce specific antibodies in colostrum and their passive transference to colostrum-fed calves. Friesian pregnant cows immunized by the intramuscular route mounted significantly high serum and colostrum IgG responses against EspB and γ-intimin C₂₈₀ that were efficiently transferred to their calves. Antibodies to EspB and γ-intimin C₂₈₀ were detected in milk samples of vaccinated cows at d 40 postparturition. Significant Stx2-neutralizing titers were also observed in colostrum from Stx2-vaccinated cows and sera from colostrum-fed calves. The results presented showed that bovine colostrum with increased levels of antibodies against EHEC O157:H7 may be obtained by systemic immunization of pregnant cows, and that these specific antibodies are efficiently transferred to newborn calves by feeding colostrum. Hyperimmune colostrum and milk may be an alternative to protect calves from early colonization by EHEC O157:H7 and a possible key source of antibodies to block colonization and toxic activity of this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Rabinovitz
- Instituto de Patobiología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria-INTA, Nicolás Repetto y De los Reseros, 1686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Elkak A, Yehya T, Salloub I, Berry F. A one step separation of immunoglobulin g from bovine serum by pseudobioaffinity chromatography on histidine grafted to epoxy activated sepharose. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-011-0496-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Malekshahi ZV, Gargari SLM, Rasooli I, Ebrahimizadeh W. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in mice with oral administration of egg yolk-driven anti-UreC immunoglobulin. Microb Pathog 2011; 51:366-72. [PMID: 21803146 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori, the causative agent of gastritis and gastric ulcer, plays a crucial role in development of gastric carcinomas. Antibiotic therapy fails in almost 20% of cases due to development of antibiotic resistance. Development of antibodies against specific H. pylori targets could have significant therapeutic effect. In the present research attempts have been made to study the effect of IgY purified from egg yolk of hens immunized with recombinant UreC in treatment of mice infected with H. pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS Purified IgY-HpUc was used in two forms: powdered and PBS dissolved. 10(9) bacteria in BHI were orally administered to C57BL6/j mice three times on alternate day intervals. Eight weeks after the last inoculation, the serum was assayed for infection rate by ELISA. The severity of gastritis was analyzed histopathologically. Infected mice were randomly divided into three groups. Groups one and two were treated with dietary IgY-HpUc and IgY-HpUc dissolved in PBS respectively for 28 days. The untreated group served as control. RESULTS Serology and histopathology confirmed the establishment of the infection. Indirect ELISA results in the treated animals showed considerable reduction of H. pylori specific antibodies in their sera. Pathological examination of gastric mucosa of infected mice treated with IgY-HpUc showed considerable reduction of inflammation in the stomach tissues. The bacterial presence on mucosal layer of the stomach was considerably reduced. CONCLUSIONS UreC-induced IgY is specifically successful in inhibition of H. pylori infection and could be an alternative to antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziba V Malekshahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Bovine antibody-based oral immunotherapy for reduction of intragastric Helicobacter pylori colonization: a randomized clinical trial. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2011; 25:207-13. [PMID: 21523262 DOI: 10.1155/2011/672093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic-based regimens are frequently used for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. These regimens fail to eradicate H pylori in 15% to 40% of patients, primarily due to antimicrobial resistance and insufficient patient compliance. Effective prevention and eradication of H pylori by passive immunization with orally administered bovine antibodies has been demonstrated in animal studies, and may serve as an alternative therapy in humans. OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy and safety of orally administered bovine anti-H pylori antibodies for the reduction of intragastric bacterial load and eradication of H pylori in humans. METHODS Dairy cows were immunized against H pylori. After confirmation of the presence of anti-H pylori antibodies in the milk, the milk was subsequently processed into a whey protein concentrate (WPC). In a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, H pylori-infected subjects were randomly assigned to treatment with the WPC preparation or placebo. Study medication was continued for 28 days; subjects were followed-up for 56 days. RESULTS Of the 30 subjects included, 27 completed the protocol. Of these 27 evaluable subjects, 14 were treated with WPC and 13 with placebo. There was no significant difference in urea breath test decrease between the WPC- and placebo-treated group (P=0.75). H pylori-associated gastritis and density were not significantly reduced in either group after treatment (P>0.05 for all). CONCLUSION Bovine antibody-based oral immunotherapy appears to be safe, but does not significantly reduce intragastric density in humans. Further studies are needed to determine whether WPC treatment has additional value to conventional antibiotic treatment for H pylori.
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Tran CD, Kritas S, Campbell MAF, Huynh HQ, Lee SS, Butler RN. Novel combination therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in a mouse model. Scand J Gastroenterol 2010; 45:1424-30. [PMID: 20653490 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2010.506245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the combination therapy, consisting of hyperimmune bovine colostrum, N-acetyl cysteine, zinc and amoxicillin on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in a mouse model. MATERIAL AND METHODS C57BL/6 female mice (6 weeks of age) were inoculated with 0.1 ml of 1×10(9) H. pylori via a single oro-gastric gavage and were left infected for 4 weeks. Mice (n=9/group) were randomly allocated to receive by oral gavage (0.1 ml) HNZ (hyperimmune bovine colostrum+N-acetyl cysteine+zinc), HNZA (HNZ+amoxicillin; A), HNZA2 (2× amoxicillin; A2), HNZA5 (5× amoxicillin; A5), triple therapy (TT) or saline twice daily for 10 days. Bacterial load was assessed by culture. Gastric emptying was assessed by 13C-octanoic acid breath test. RESULTS Mice receiving HNZ, HNZA, and HNZA2 have a 22%, 44% and 67% eradication rate, respectively. Eradication rate was 100% with HNZA5, TT and those animals receiving A5 alone. In H. pylori infected mice there was an increased gastric emptying time by 7.9, 3.7, 10.1 and 7.7 min for the TT, HNZ, HNZA2, and HNZA5, respectively, compared to saline. CONCLUSIONS HNZ with the addition of a high dose of amoxicillin is effective at eradicating H. pylori in vivo as HNZA1 and HNZA2 did not give raise to eradication. The potency of the novel anti-H. pylori combination therapy may be due to the delayed gastric emptying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong D Tran
- Gastroenterology Unit, Children, Youth & Women's Health Service, North Adelaide, Australia.
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Bégué RE, Sadowska-Krowicka H. Protective efficacy of recombinant urease B and aluminum hydroxide against Helicobacter pylori infection in a mouse model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 60:142-6. [PMID: 20731722 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2010.00726.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Efforts are underway for the development of an effective vaccine against Helicobacter pylori infection. We prepared recombinant full-length (568 aa) H. pylori recombinant urease B (rUreB) protein and tested it for immunogenicity and protection. BALB/c mice received either rUreB (40 μg) plus CpG (10 μg) intranasally, rUreB (50 μg) plus 3% aluminum hydroxide (50 μL) intramuscularly or rUreB (25 μg) plus Freund's adjuvant (25 μL) subcutaneously, three times (weeks 0, 2 and 6). Intranasal rUreB plus CpG was neither immunogenic nor protective; intramuscular rUreB plus aluminum hydroxide was immunogenic and modestly protective, and subcutaneous rUreB plus Freund's adjuvant was immunogenic and highly protective. The fact that protection was improved with Freund's adjuvant indicates that rUreB is a good antigen for a vaccine but that it needs a stronger adjuvant than aluminum hydroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo E Bégué
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Children's Hospital, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Corthésy B. Role of secretory immunoglobulin A and secretory component in the protection of mucosal surfaces. Future Microbiol 2010; 5:817-29. [PMID: 20441552 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.10.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) antibodies in the defense of mucosal epithelia plays an important role in preventing pathogen adhesion to host cells, therefore blocking dissemination and further infection. This mechanism, referred to as immune exclusion, represents the dominant mode of action of the antibody. However, SIgA antibodies combine multiple facets, which together confer properties extending from intracellular and serosal neutralization of antigens, activation of non-inflammatory pathways and homeostatic control of the endogenous microbiota. The sum of these features suggests that future opportunities for translational application from research-based knowledge to clinics include the mucosal delivery of bioactive antibodies capable of preserving immunoreactivity in the lung, gastrointestinal tract, the genito-urinary tract for the treatment of infections. This article covers topics dealing with the structure of SIgA, the dissection of its mode of action in epithelia lining different mucosal surfaces and its potential in immunotherapy against infectious pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise Corthésy
- R&D Laboratory of the Department of Immunology & Allergy, University State Hospital (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Bégué RE, Moll A. Immunogenicity of Recombinant Helicobacter pylori Urease B Administered by Various Routes and with Different Adjuvants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 2:28-32. [PMID: 20640237 DOI: 10.2174/1875035400902010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and the morbidity and mortality associated to the disease, development of a preventive vaccine has become a priority. To this goal, we produced recombinant H. pylori urease B (rUreB) and tested its immunogenicity in BALB/c mice when administered as 3 doses (week 0, 4 and 6) by either parenteral (intramuscular) or mucosal routes (intragastric, intranasal, intrarectal) and with the use of various adjuvants (none, CpG, alum or Freund's). The intramuscular route was more immunogenic than any mucosal route; of the mucosas, only intranasal induced modest levels of serum IgG. All adjuvants improved the seroresponse to plain rUreB and, of them, Freund's and alum were equally good and better than CpG ODN 1826. Stool IgA was barely detected by any immunization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo E Bégué
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Abstract
Immunoglobulins (Igs), also called antibodies, are present in milk and colostrum of all lactating species. Igs are divided into classes having different physico-chemical structures and biological activities. The major Ig classes in bovine and human milk are IgA, IgG and IgM. Bovine colostral Igs provide the newborn calf with passive immune protection against microbial infections until the calf’s own immune system matures. Colostral Ig preparations designed for farm animals have been commercially available for many years. Potential health benefits attributed to bovine colostrum have increased manufacture and marketing of colostral Ig-based dietary supplements also for human use. Furthermore, specific anti-microbial antibodies can be produced into colostrum by immunizing cows with vaccines made of pathogenic microorganisms. These antibodies can be concentrated and used to formulate so-called immune milk preparations. Such preparations have proven effective in prevention of animal and human infections caused, e.g. by rotavirus, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile, Streptococcus mutans, Cryptosporidium parvum and Helicobacter pylori. Their therapeutic efficacy, however, seems limited. A few immune milk products have been commercialized and more can be expected in the future for use, e.g. as a supportive means in antibiotic treatments and for prevention of hospital infections.
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Rokka S, Myllykangas S, Joutsjoki V. Effect of specific colostral antibodies and selected lactobacilli on the adhesion of Helicobacter pylori on AGS cells and the Helicobacter-induced IL-8 production. Scand J Immunol 2008; 68:280-6. [PMID: 18627549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common cause of gastritis, gastric ulcer and adenocarcinoma. It has proven difficult to cure because of its capability to develop strains resistant to antibiotics. The effect of three strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bovine colostral preparations on the adhesion of H. pylori NCTC 11637 on gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells and on the interleukin (IL)-8 production was studied. Before infection, H. pylori were pretreated with Lactobacillus plantarum MLBPL1, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactococcus lactis, or with a colostral preparation with or without specific H. pylori antibodies. The relative number of H. pylori adhered on AGS cells was determined by urease test. IL-8 produced by the cells was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Colostral preparations with and without specific antibodies reduced the adhesion of H. pylori on AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner. Live LAB at a concentration of 10(10) CFU/ml reduced the adhesion by approximately 50% (P < 0.05). After the infection of AGS cells by H. pylori, the IL-8 level rose up to about 10-fold (5500 +/- 1600 pg/ml). Pretreatment of H. pylori with colostral preparations or high concentrations of LAB prevented this IL-8 rise. Similar effect was seen with live and heat-killed LAB, the live LAB being more effective. Heat-killed LAB at a concentration of 10(10) CFU/ml rose the IL-8 level of non-infected cells significantly. Suppression of IL-8 production by LAB or colostral products could have a suppressive effect on inflammation in Helicobacter infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rokka
- MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Biotechnology and Food Research, Jokioinen, Finland.
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Marcotte H, Pant N, Hammarström L. Engineered lactobody-producing lactobacilli: a novel form of therapy against rotavirus infection. Future Virol 2008. [DOI: 10.2217/17460794.3.4.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for an estimated 600,000 deaths each year. New vaccines have been released recently but the lag time between vaccine administration and induction of an immune response can be critical in epidemic situations. A model system has been developed in which Lactobacillus, a ‘Generally Regarded As Safe’ microorganism, can be transformed with antibody fragment-encoding vectors. This allows in situ production of functional variable domains of llama heavy chain antibodies (VHH antibody fragments) against rotavirus in the intestinal tract. The modified bacteria were shown to be protective in a mouse pup model. Our approach represents a novel system for the induction of passive immunity that can be rapidly applied to populations at risk, for example through drinking water, rehydrating solutions or as a food supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Marcotte
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neha Pant
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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Mehra R, Marnila P, Korhonen H. Milk immunoglobulins for health promotion. Int Dairy J 2006; 16:1262-1271. [PMID: 32288340 PMCID: PMC7135675 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2006.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The biological function of bovine colostral immunoglobulins is to provide the newborn calf with adequate passive immune protection against microbial infections. Immunoglobulin preparations designed for farm animals are commercially available, and some colostrum-based products are marketed also for humans as dietary supplements. The concentration of specific antibodies against a certain pathogenic microorganism can be raised in colostrum and milk by immunizing cows with this pathogen or its antigen. Advances in bioseparation and chromatographic techniques have made it possible to fractionate and enrich these antibodies and formulate so-called hyperimmune colostral or milk preparations. Their efficacy in prevention and treatment of various microbial infections has been evaluated in numerous studies. Immune milk preparations have proven effective in prophylaxis against infections caused by a variety of gastrointestinal pathogens. Their therapeutic efficacy, however, seems more limited. A few commercial immune milk products are already on market and more applications can be expected in the coming years. This article reviews the recent progress made in isolation techniques of bovine immunoglobulins and the application of colostral and immune milk preparations in fighting various microbial infectious diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Mehra
- Moorepark Food Research Centre, Teagasc, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Pertti Marnila
- MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Biotechnology and Food Research, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Hannu Korhonen
- MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Biotechnology and Food Research, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
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30
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Kang JH, Lee MS. In vitro inhibition ofHelicobacter pyloribyEnterococcus faeciumGM-1. Can J Microbiol 2005; 51:629-36. [PMID: 16234861 DOI: 10.1139/w05-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A strain of Enterococcus faecium that exhibits antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori was isolated from the feces of newborn babies. This strain was selected for its ability to inhibit the growth of H. pylori and to withstand harsh environmental conditions, such as acidic pH and high bile concentration. Biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing specific for Enterococcus faecium GM-1 were used to identify the isolated bacterial strain. In vitro studies were used to investigate the inhibitory effects of E. faecium GM-1 on H. pylori. These results showed that the culture supernatant of E. faecium GM-1 significantly decreased the viability and urease activity of H. pylori. This inhibitory activity remained after adjustment of pH of culture supernatant to neutral. However, treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduced the anti-H. pylori activity of GM-1. Therefore, some substance(s) of E. faecium GM-1 other than pH and lactic acid might be associated with this inhibitory activity. Analysis by electron microscopy also demonstrated that the addition of GM-1 destroyed the cell structure of H. pylori. Additional studies suggested that the binding of H. pylori to human colonial cells decreased in the presence of GM-1.Key words: Enterococcus faecium, Helicobacter pylori, inhibition, human fecal strain, proteinaceous substance(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
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31
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Nomura S, Suzuki H, Masaoka T, Kurabayashi K, Ishii H, Kitajima M, Nomoto K, Hibi T. Effect of dietary anti-urease immunoglobulin Y on Helicobacter pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. Helicobacter 2005; 10:43-52. [PMID: 15691314 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Helicobacter pylori is known to be a major pathogenic factor in the development of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Recently, chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin Y (IgY) has been recognized as an inexpensive antibody source for passive immunization against gastrointestinal infections. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of anti-urease IgY on H. pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. METHODS H. pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils were administered a diet containing anti-urease IgY, with or without famotidine (F). After 10 weeks, bacterial culture and measurement of the gastric mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were performed. In a second experiment, another group of gerbils was started on a diet containing F + IgY a week prior to H. pylori inoculation. After 9 weeks, these animals were examined. RESULTS In the H. pylori-infected gerbils, there were no significant differences in the level of H. pylori colonization among the different dietary and control groups. However, the MPO activity was significantly decreased in the H. pylori group administered the F + IgY diet compared with that in the H. pylori group administered the IgY, F, or control diet. Furthermore, in the gerbils administered the F + IgY diet prior to the bacterial inoculation, inhibition of H. pylori colonization and suppression of the elevated gastric mucosal MPO activity were observed. CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of urease-specific IgY not only inhibited H. pylori disease activity in H. pylori-infected gerbils, but also prevented H. pylori colonization in those not yet infected. These encouraging results may pave the way for a novel therapeutic and prophylactic approach in the management of H. pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Nomura
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhao Y, Kacskovics I, Rabbani H, Hammarstrom L. Physical mapping of the bovine immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region gene locus. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:35024-32. [PMID: 12829708 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m301337200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine antibodies have recently attracted increasing attention, as they have been shown to exhibit prophylactic and therapeutic properties in selected infectious diseases in humans. In the present study, we have isolated bacterial artificial chromosomes and cosmid clones containing the bovine JH, mu, delta, gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3, epsilon, and alpha genes, which allowed us to make a contig of the genes within the bovine IGHC locus. The genes are arranged in a 5'-JH-7 kb-mu-5 kb-delta-33 kb-gamma 3-20 kb-gamma 1-34 kb-gamma 2-20 kb-epsilon- 13 kb-alpha-3' order, spanning approximately 150 kb DNA. Examination of the bovine germline JH locus revealed six JH segments, two of which, JH1 and JH2, were shown to be functional although there was a strong preference for expression of the former. Sequence alignment of the bovine 5' E mu enhancer core region with those of other mammals, demonstrated an absence of the mu E3 motif and a shortened spacer between the mu A and mu B sites within the bovine E mu enhancer core region. Furthermore, the essential sequence element for class switching, switch mu, spanning approximately 3-kb repetitive sequence and abundant in the switch region motifs CTGGG (187 repeats) and CTGAG (127 repeats), was identified immediately upstream of the mu gene. A further sequence comparison revealed that the bovine IGHC genes display an extensive polymorphism leading to expression of multiple antibody allotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Zhao
- Center for Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience at Novum, Karolinska, Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
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Abstract
The mechanisms by which Helicobacter pylori escape the host immune response remains an important topic. Regulatory T cells appear to play a role in the persistence of the infection and the control of tissue damage. In the thought that the host genetic background influences the cross-talk between pathogens and hosts, the impact of cytokine polymorphisms on the outcome of H. pylori has been further delineated in the review period. On the other hand, several additional genes of H. pylori have been shown to participate in the pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine response to the infection. Finally, progress has been achieved in vaccine development, with new vaccine delivery systems and routes of immunization tested in animal models and human volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Michetti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lausanne University Medical Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Weiner C, Pan Q, Hurtig M, Borén T, Bostwick E, Hammarström L. Passive immunity against human pathogens using bovine antibodies. Clin Exp Immunol 1999; 116:193-205. [PMID: 10337007 PMCID: PMC1905285 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00880.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/1999] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Weiner
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Huddinge Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
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