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Sekiya H, Yokota N, Takemi S, Nakayama K, Okada H, Sakai T, Sakata I. The inhibitory effect of somatostatin on gastric motility in Suncus murinus. J Smooth Muscle Res 2021; 56:69-81. [PMID: 33473062 PMCID: PMC7817339 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.56.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric contractions show two specific patterns in many species, migrating motor
contractions (MMC) and postprandial contractions (PPCs), that occur in the fasted and fed
states, respectively. In this study, we examined the role of somatostatin (SST) in gastric
motility both in vivo and in vitro using the Asian house
shrew (Suncus murinus). We performed in vivo recordings
of gastric motility and in vitro organ bath experiments using S.
murinus, which was recently established as a small laboratory animal for use in
tests of gastrointestinal motility. SST (1.65 µg kg−1 min−1) was
intravenously administered during phase II of MMC and PPCs. Next, the effect of SST on
motilin-induced gastric contractions at phase I of MMC was measured. Cyclosomatostatin
(CSST), an SST receptor antagonist, was administered at the peak of phase III of MMC. In
addition, the effect of SST (10−11–10−9 M) on motilin-induced
gastric contractions was evaluated using an organ bath experiment in
vitro. In conscious, free-moving S. murinus, the
administration of SST decreased the occurrence of the spontaneous phase II of MMC and
PPCs. Pretreatment with SST and octreotide suppressed the induction of motilin-induced
gastric contractions both in vivo and in vitro.
Administration of CSST before the peak of spontaneous phase III contractions had no effect
on gastric contractions. Endogenous SST is not involved in the regulation of gastric MMC
and PPCs, but exogenous SST suppresses spontaneous gastric contractions. Thus, SST would
be good for treating abnormal gastrointestinal motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Sekiya
- Area of Regulatory Biology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Naho Yokota
- Area of Regulatory Biology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shota Takemi
- Area of Regulatory Biology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakayama
- Research Center of Neurology, Discovery and Research, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Sakurai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroki Okada
- Discovery Technology Research Laboratories, Discovery and Research, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Sakurai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618-8585, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sakai
- Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sakata
- Area of Regulatory Biology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.,Area of Life-NanoBio, Division of Strategy Research, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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Rosen R, Garza JM, Tipnis N, Nurko S. An ANMS-NASPGHAN consensus document on esophageal and antroduodenal manometry in children. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:10.1111/nmo.13239. [PMID: 29178261 PMCID: PMC5823717 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper gastrointestinal symptoms in children are common and motility disorders are considered in the differential diagnosis. High resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) has revolutionized the study of esophageal physiology, and the addition of impedance has provided new insights into esophageal function. Antroduodenal motility has provided insight into gastric and small bowel function. PURPOSE This review highlights some of the recent advances in pediatric esophageal and antroduodenal motility testing including indications, preparation, performance, and interpretation of the tests. This update is the second part of a two part series on manometry studies in children (first part was on anorectal and colonic manometry [Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016;29:e12944]), and has been endorsed by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society (ANMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Rosen
- Aerodigestive Center, Boston Children’s Hospital
| | - Jose M. Garza
- Children’s Center for Digestive Health Care, and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Neelesh Tipnis
- Department of Pediatrics University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Samuel Nurko
- Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Boston Children’s Hospital
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Kizilbash SJ, Ahrens SP, Bruce BK, Chelimsky G, Driscoll SW, Harbeck-Weber C, Lloyd RM, Mack KJ, Nelson DE, Ninis N, Pianosi PT, Stewart JM, Weiss KE, Fischer PR. Adolescent fatigue, POTS, and recovery: a guide for clinicians. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2014; 44:108-33. [PMID: 24819031 PMCID: PMC5819886 DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many teenagers who struggle with chronic fatigue have symptoms suggestive of autonomic dysfunction that may include lightheadedness, headaches, palpitations, nausea, and abdominal pain. Inadequate sleep habits and psychological conditions can contribute to fatigue, as can concurrent medical conditions. One type of autonomic dysfunction, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, is increasingly being identified in adolescents with its constellation of fatigue, orthostatic intolerance, and excessive postural tachycardia (more than 40 beats/min). A family-based approach to care with support from a multidisciplinary team can diagnose, treat, educate, and encourage patients. Full recovery is possible with multi-faceted treatment. The daily treatment plan should consist of increased fluid and salt intake, aerobic exercise, and regular sleep and meal schedules; some medications can be helpful. Psychological support is critical and often includes biobehavioral strategies and cognitive-behavioral therapy to help with symptom management. More intensive recovery plans can be implemented when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Kizilbash
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Shelley P Ahrens
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Barbara K Bruce
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gisela Chelimsky
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Robin M Lloyd
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kenneth J Mack
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Dawn E Nelson
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Nelly Ninis
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Paolo T Pianosi
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Julian M Stewart
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Karen E Weiss
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Philip R Fischer
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Modi BP, Ching YA, Langer M, Donovan K, Fauza DO, Kim HB, Jaksic T, Nurko S. Preservation of intestinal motility after the serial transverse enteroplasty procedure in a large animal model of short bowel syndrome. J Pediatr Surg 2009; 44:229-35; discussion 235. [PMID: 19159748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP) has been shown to improve bowel function in short bowel syndrome. The effect of the STEP procedure on intestinal motility is not known, but some have hypothesized that it could disrupt bowel innervation and thus impair intestinal motility. METHODS Growing Yorkshire pigs (n = 7) underwent 3 operations at 6-week intervals: (1) reversal of 50 cm of jejunum, (2) 90% bowel resection +/- STEP to the proximal dilated bowel (4 STEP, 3 control), and (3) implantation of serosal strain gauges. At each operation, baseline and post-octreotide small intestinal motility was studied with continuously perfused manometry catheters using non-anticholinergic anesthesia. In addition, awake monitoring was performed using strain gauge analysis 1 week after the third operation. Characteristics of phase III of the migrating motor complex (MMC) were compared between and within groups using t test, chi(2), and analysis of variance, with significance set at P < .05. RESULTS Manometry data from the third surgery revealed no differences between groups or compared with baseline within groups for the presence and characteristics of phase III of the MMC. Specifically, the mean amplitude and frequency of phase III after octreotide, and both the mean baseline and mean octreotide-stimulated motility indices were equivalent. The duration of phase III after octreotide stimulation was significantly increased in the STEP animals, suggesting a potential benefit of the STEP procedure. Strain gauge analysis, performed in awake animals, confirmed no differences between the groups for basal and octreotide-stimulated characteristics of phase III of the MMC. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data suggest that the STEP procedure in a porcine model of short bowel syndrome does not interfere with baseline or hormonally stimulated motility within the small bowel. These findings further support the STEP procedure as a safe option for the surgical management of short bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biren P Modi
- Center for Advanced Intestinal Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, MA 02115, USA.
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Savoye G, Jemaa Y, Mosni G, Savoye-Collet C, Morcamp P, Déchelotte P, Bouin M, Denis P, Ducrotté P. Effects of intragastric L-arginine administration on proximal stomach tone under basal conditions and after an intragastric diet. Dig Dis Sci 2006; 51:2147-53. [PMID: 17103307 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2005] [Accepted: 04/16/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role as a nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitory neurotransmitter in the GI tract. Our study aims were to investigate the effect of a single intragastric L-arginine (L-Arg) administration, as a source of NO, on proximal stomach tone in basal and postintragastric administration of a polymeric diet in humans and to evaluate concomitantly the effect on antral area as an indirect assessment of gastric emptying. Eight healthy volunteers were studied in a randomized double-blind crossover study after, respectively, 15 g L-Arg, 30 g L-Arg, or placebo administered in the stomach through a gastric tube. The drug administration was followed by a polymeric diet infusion (500 ml/500 kcal) at a rate of 250 ml/hr. Gastric tone variations were recorded with an electronic barostat, gastric emptying was concomitantly estimated by repeated ultrasound measurements of antral area, and symptoms were recorded throughout the experiment.L-Arg administration was associated with significantly higher increases in barostat bag volumes at both dosages, 30 g (117+/-16 ml) and 15 g (67+/-15 ml), compared to placebo (46+/-11 ml; P < 0.05). In response to the polymeric diet the 30-g L-Arg challenge was associated with a smaller increase in intrabag volume, whereas postinfusion final volumes did not differ in the three treatment conditions. Antral areas were not different at any time of measurement among the three challenges. Bloating and diarrhea were observed after 30-g L-Arg administration in five subjects of eight. Short-term L-Arg administration was able to induce proximal stomach relaxation that allowed a secondary response to enteral feeding only at the 15-g dosage. This 15-g dosage was as well tolerated as the placebo and was associated with no significant changes in gastric emptying patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Savoye
- ADEN EA 3234, Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Rouen University, Hospital C Nicolle, 1 rue de Germont, 76031, Rouen Cedex, France.
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