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Stabenau KA, Samuels TL, Lam TK, Mathison AJ, Wells C, Altman KW, Battle MA, Johnston N. Pepsinogen/Proton Pump Co-Expression in Barrett's Esophageal Cells Induces Cancer-Associated Changes. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:59-69. [PMID: 35315085 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVE At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should better understand the carcinogenic potential of pepsin and proton pump expression in Barrett's esophagus. OBJECTIVE Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a well-known risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Gastric H+ /K+ ATPase proton pump and pepsin expression has been demonstrated in some cases of BE; however, the contribution of local pepsin and proton pump expression to carcinogenesis is unknown. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to examine global transcriptomic changes in a BE cell line ectopically expressing pepsinogen and/or gastric H+ /K+ ATPase proton pumps. STUDY DESIGN In vitro translational. METHODS BAR-T, a human BE cell line devoid of expression of pepsinogen or proton pumps, was transduced by lentivirus-encoding pepsinogen (PGA5) and/or gastric proton pump subunits (ATP4A, ATP4B). Changes relative to the parental line were assessed by RNA sequencing. RESULTS Top canonical pathways associated with protein-coding genes differentially expressed in pepsinogen and/or proton pump expressing BAR-T cells included those involved in the tumor microenvironment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Top upstream regulators of coding transcripts included TGFB1 and ERBB2, which are associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of BE and EAC. Top upstream regulators of noncoding transcripts included p300-CBP, I-BET-151, and CD93, which have previously described associations with EAC or carcinogenesis. The top associated disease of both coding and noncoding transcripts was cancer. CONCLUSIONS These data support the carcinogenic potential of pepsin and proton pump expression in BE and reveal molecular pathways affected by their expression. Further study is warranted to investigate the role of these pathways in carcinogenesis associated with BE. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 133:59-69, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleigh A Stabenau
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tina L Samuels
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tina K Lam
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Angela J Mathison
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Clive Wells
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kenneth W Altman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, California, USA
| | - Michele A Battle
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nikki Johnston
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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2
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Telomere lengths in Barrett's esophagus as a precancerous lesion. Esophagus 2022; 19:287-293. [PMID: 34559348 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-021-00884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have reported that precancerous conditions and lesions invariably have shorter telomeres and associated chromosomal instability relative to normal tissue. METHODS Using the Q-FISH method and our original software, Tissue Telo, we estimated telomere lengths in cardiac- and intestinal-type mucosae in 48 cases of Barrett's esophagus (short-segment (SS) n = 18; long-segment (LS) n = 30). RESULTS There were no significant differences in telomere length between the cardiac and intestinal types in any of the 48 cases, suggesting that the presence or absence of goblet cells in the columnar segments is unrelated to telomere-dependent chromosomal instability in Barrett's esophagus. In LS Barrett's esophagus, telomeres were shorter in cardiac-type than in intestinal-type mucosa, suggesting that the former may play a more important role than the latter as a precancerous lesion in LS. Telomeres in cardiac-type mucosa were longer in SS than in LS, supporting the possibility that cardiac-type LS may pose a higher risk as a precancerous lesion than cardiac-type SS. CONCLUSIONS Although it has been considered that Barrett's carcinoma arises only from intestinal-type mucosa, our present findings support previous histogenetic studies suggesting that cardiac-type mucosa is more important as a precancerous condition in Barrett's esophagus than anticipated.
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3
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Abstract
An organ-specific chronic inflammation–remodeling–carcinoma sequence has been proposed, mainly for the alimentary tract. As representative diseases, gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic gastritis and inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease of the colitis type) were adopted for this discussion. Tissue remodeling is such an important part of tumorigenesis in this sequence that an organ-specific chronic inflammation–remodeling–carcinoma sequence has been proposed in detail. Chronic inflammation accelerates the cycle of tissue injury and regeneration; in other words, cell necrosis (or apoptosis) and proliferation result in tissue remodeling in long-standing cases of inflammation. Remodeling encompasses epithelial cell metaplasia and stromal fibrosis, and modifies epithelial–stromal cell interactions. Further, the accumulation of genetic, epigenetic and molecular changes—as well as morphologic disorganization—also occurs during tissue remodeling. The expression of mucosal tissue adapted to chronic inflammatory injury is thought to occur at an early stage. Subsequently, dysplasia and carcinoma develop on a background of remodeling due to continuous, active inflammation. Accordingly, organ-specific chronic inflammation should be ameliorated or well controlled with appropriate monitoring if complete healing is unachievable.
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4
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Aida S, Aida J, Naoi M, Kato M, Tsuura Y, Natsume I, Takubo K. Measurement of telomere length in cells from pleural effusion: Asbestos exposure causes telomere shortening in pleural mesothelial cells. Pathol Int 2018; 68:503-508. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Aida
- Department of Pathology; Mita Hospital; International University of Health and Welfare; Tokyo Japan
| | - Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
| | - Miho Naoi
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
| | - Mai Kato
- Department of Pathology; Mita Hospital; International University of Health and Welfare; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yukio Tsuura
- Department of Pathology; Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital; Yokosuka Japan
| | - Ichiro Natsume
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital; Yokosuka Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
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5
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Hiraishi N, Terai M, Fujiwara M, Aida J, Izumiyama-Shimomura N, Ishikawa N, Tomita KI, Matsuda Y, Arai T, Takubo K, Ishiwata T. Quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization for investigation of telomere length dynamics in the pituitary gland using samples from 128 autopsied patients. Tissue Cell 2018; 53:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Matsuda Y, Suzuki A, Esaka S, Hamashima Y, Imaizumi M, Kinoshita M, Shirahata H, Kiso Y, Kojima H, Matsukawa M, Fujii Y, Ishikawa N, Aida J, Takubo K, Ishiwata T, Nishimura M, Arai T. Telomere length determined by the fluorescence in situ hybridisation distinguishes malignant and benign cells in cytological specimens. Cytopathology 2018; 29:262-266. [PMID: 29578263 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomeres are tandem repeats of TTAGGG at the end of eukaryotic chromosomes that play a key role in preventing chromosomal instability. The aim of the present study is to determine telomere length using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) on cytological specimens. METHODS Aspiration samples (n = 41) were smeared on glass slides and used for FISH. RESULTS Telomere signal intensity was significantly lower in positive cases (cases with malignancy, n = 25) as compared to negative cases (cases without malignancy, n = 16), and the same was observed for centromere intensity. The difference in DAPI intensity was not statistically significant. The ratio of telomere to centromere intensity did not show a significant difference between positive and negative cases. There was no statistical difference in the signal intensities of aspiration samples from ascites or pleural effusion (n = 23) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNA samples from the pancreas (n = 18). CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that telomere length can be used as an indicator to distinguish malignant and benign cells in cytological specimens. This novel approach may help improve diagnosis for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - A Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - S Esaka
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Y Hamashima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - M Imaizumi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - M Kinoshita
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - H Shirahata
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Y Kiso
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - H Kojima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - M Matsukawa
- Department of Endoscopy, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- Department of Endoscopy, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - N Ishikawa
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - J Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - K Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - T Ishiwata
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - M Nishimura
- Department of Endoscopy, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - T Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Itabashi-ku, Japan
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7
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Aoki Y, Aida J, Kawano Y, Nakamura KI, Izumiyama-Shimomura N, Ishikawa N, Arai T, Nakamura Y, Taniai N, Uchida E, Takubo K, Ishiwata T. Telomere length of gallbladder epithelium is shortened in patients with congenital biliary dilatation: measurement by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:291-301. [PMID: 29143121 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) is a congenital malformation involving both dilatation of the extrahepatic bile duct and pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Persistent reflux of pancreatic juice injures the biliary tract mucosa, resulting in chronic inflammation and higher rates of carcinogenesis in the biliary tract, including the gallbladder. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the ends of chromosomes. Chromosomal instability due to telomere dysfunction plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of many organs. This study was performed to determine whether excessive shortening of telomeres occurs in the gallbladder mucosa of patients with CBD. METHODS Resected gallbladders were obtained from 17 patients with CBD, ten patients with cholecystolithiasis without pancreatic juice reflux, and 17 patients with normal gallbladders (controls) (median age of each group of patients: 37, 50, and 53 years, respectively). The telomere lengths of the gallbladder epithelium were measured by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization using tissue sections, and the normalized telomere-to-centromere ratio (NTCR) was calculated. RESULTS The NTCRs in the CBD, cholecystolithiasis, and control groups were 1.24 [interquartile range (IQR) 1.125-1.52], 1.96 (IQR 1.56-2.295), and 1.77 (IQR 1.48-2.53), respectively. The NTCR in the CBD group was significantly smaller than that in the cholecystolithiasis and control groups (p = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively), even in young patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that telomere shortening in the gallbladder mucosa plays an important role in the process of carcinogenesis in patients with CBD. These results support the recommendation of established guidelines for prophylactic surgery in patients with CBD because CBD is a premalignant condition with excessive telomere shortening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Aoki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichi Kawano
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nakamura
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naotaka Izumiyama-Shimomura
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoshi Ishikawa
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Nakamura
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Taniai
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Eiji Uchida
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology and Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
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8
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Gaur P, Hunt CR, Pandita TK. Emerging therapeutic targets in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48644-48655. [PMID: 27102294 PMCID: PMC5217045 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of gastro-esophageal disease and associated rate of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is rising at an exponential rate in the United States. However, research targeting EAC is lagging behind, and much research is needed in the field to identify ways to diagnose EAC early as well as to improve the rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) to systemic therapies. Esophagectomy with subsequent reconstruction is known to be a morbid procedure that significantly impacts a patient's quality of life. If indeed the pCR rate of patients can be improved and those patients destined to be pCR can be identified ahead of time, they may be able to avoid this life-altering procedure. While cancer-specific biological pathways have been thoroughly investigated in other solid malignancies, much remains unexplored in EAC. In this review, we will highlight some of the latest research in the field in regards with EAC, along with new therapeutic targets that are currently being explored. After reviewing conventional treatment and current changes in medical therapy for EAC, we will focus on unchartered grounds such as cancer stem cells, genetics and epigenetics, immunotherapy, and chemoradio-resistant pathways as we simultaneously propose some investigational possibilities that could be applicable to EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Gaur
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clayton R Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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9
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Ishikawa N, Nakamura KI, Izumiyama-Shimomura N, Aida J, Matsuda Y, Arai T, Takubo K. Changes of telomere status with aging: An update. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 16 Suppl 1:30-42. [PMID: 27018281 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated data have shown that most human somatic cells or tissues show irreversible telomere shortening with age, and that there are strong associations between telomere attrition and aging-related diseases, including cancers, diabetes and cognitive disorders. Although it has been largely accepted that telomere attrition is one of the major causes of aging-related disorders, critical aspects of telomere biology remain unresolved, especially the lack of standardized methodology for quantification of telomere length. Another frustrating issue is that no potentially promising methods for safe prevention of telomere erosion, or for telomere elongation, have been devised. Here, we review several methods for quantification of telomere length currently utilized worldwide, considering their advantages and drawbacks. We also summarize the results of our recent studies of human cells and tissues, mainly using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization and Southern blotting, including those derived from patients with progeria-prone Werner syndrome and trisomy 21, and several strains of induced pluripotent stem cells. We discuss the possible merits of using telomere shortness as an indicator, or a new marker, for diagnosis of precancerous states and aging-related disorders. In addition, we describe newly found factors that are thought to impact telomere dynamics, providing a new avenue for examining the unsolved issues related to telomere restoration and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshi Ishikawa
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nakamura
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Matsuda
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Wennerström ECM, Risques RA, Prunkard D, Giffen C, Corley DA, Murray LJ, Whiteman DC, Wu AH, Bernstein L, Ye W, Chow WH, Vaughan TL, Liao LM. Leukocyte telomere length in relation to the risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2657-65. [PMID: 27384379 PMCID: PMC5055192 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and oxidative damage caused by obesity, cigarette smoking, and chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are major risk factors associated with Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). EAC has been increasing the past few decades, and early discovery and treatment are crucial for survival. Telomere shortening due to cell division and oxidative damage may reflect the impact of chronic inflammation and could possibly be used as predictor for disease development. We examined the prevalence of shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) among individuals with GERD, BE, or EAC using a pooled analysis of studies from the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON). Telomere length was measured in leukocyte DNA samples by Q-PCR. Participants included 1173 patients (386 with GERD, 384 with EAC, 403 with BE) and 736 population-based controls. The association of LTL (in tertiles) along the continuum of disease progression from GERD to BE to EAC was calculated using study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Shorter LTL were less prevalent among GERD patients (OR 0.57; 95% CI: 0.35-0.93), compared to population-based controls. No statistically significant increased prevalence of short/long LTL among individuals with BE or EAC was observed. In contrast to some earlier reports, our findings add to the evidence that leukocyte telomere length is not a biomarker of risk related to the etiology of EAC. The findings do not suggest a relationship between LTL and BE or EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Christina M Wennerström
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rosa A Risques
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Donna Prunkard
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carol Giffen
- Information Management Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Douglas A Corley
- Division of Research and Oakland Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Liam J Murray
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - David C Whiteman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Thomas L Vaughan
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Sunpaweravong S, Sunpaweravong P, Sathitruangsak C, Mai S. Three-dimensional telomere architecture of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: comparison of tumor and normal epithelial cells. Dis Esophagus 2016; 29:307-13. [PMID: 25625311 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences (TTAGGG)n located at the ends of chromosomes that function to preserve chromosomal integrity and prevent terminal end-to-end fusions. Telomere loss or dysfunction results in breakage-bridge-fusion cycles, aneuploidy, gene amplification and chromosomal rearrangements, which can lead to genomic instability and promote carcinogenesis. Evaluating the hypothesis that changes in telomeres contribute to the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to determine whether there are differences between young and old patients, we compared the three-dimensional (3D) nuclear telomere architecture in ESCC tumor cells with that of normal epithelial cells obtained from the same patient. Patients were equally divided by age into two groups, one comprising those less than 45 years of age and the other consisting of those over 80 years of age. Tumor and normal epithelial cells located at least 10 cm from the border of the tumor were biopsied in ESCC patients. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for each sample to confirm and identify the cancer and normal epithelial cells. This study was based on quantitative 3D fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH), 3D imaging and 3D analysis of paraffin-embedded slides. The 3D telomere architecture data were computer analyzed using 100 nuclei per slide. The following were the main parameters compared: the number of signals (number of telomeres), signal intensity (telomere length), number of telomere aggregates, and nuclear volume. Tumor and normal epithelial samples from 16 patients were compared. The normal epithelial cells had more telomere signals and higher intensities than the tumor cells, with P-values of P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0078, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the numbers of telomere aggregates or the nuclear volumes between the tumor and normal epithelial cells. Secondary analyses examined the effects of age on 3D telomere architecture and found no statistically significant differences in any parameter tested between the young and old patients in either the tumor or epithelial cells. The 3D nuclear telomeric signature was able to detect differences in telomere architecture between the ESCC and normal epithelial tissues. However, there were no differences observed between the young and old patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sunpaweravong
- Genomic Center for Cancer Research and Diagnosis, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
| | - P Sunpaweravong
- Genomic Center for Cancer Research and Diagnosis, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
| | - C Sathitruangsak
- Genomic Center for Cancer Research and Diagnosis, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
| | - S Mai
- Genomic Center for Cancer Research and Diagnosis, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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12
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Aida S, Aida J, Hasegawa K, Kumasaka T, Shimazaki H, Tamai S, Takubo K. Telomere Length of Human Adult Bronchial Epithelium and Bronchogenic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Measured Using Tissue Quantitative Fluorescence in situ Hybridization. Respiration 2015; 90:321-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000437357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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13
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Matsuda Y, Ishiwata T, Izumiyama-Shimomura N, Hamayasu H, Fujiwara M, Tomita KI, Hiraishi N, Nakamura KI, Ishikawa N, Aida J, Takubo K, Arai T. Gradual telomere shortening and increasing chromosomal instability among PanIN grades and normal ductal epithelia with and without cancer in the pancreas. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117575. [PMID: 25658358 PMCID: PMC4319908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence supports a key role for telomere dysfunction in carcinogenesis due to the induction of chromosomal instability. To study telomere shortening in precancerous pancreatic lesions, we measured telomere lengths using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization in the normal pancreatic duct epithelium, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs), and cancers. The materials employed included surgically resected pancreatic specimens without cancer (n = 33) and with invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 36), as well as control autopsy cases (n = 150). In comparison with normal ducts, telomere length was decreased in PanIN-1, −2 and −3 and cancer. Furthermore, telomeres were shorter in cancer than in PanIN-1 and −2. Telomere length in cancer was not associated with histological type, lesion location, or cancer stage. PanINs with or without cancer showed similar telomere lengths. The incidences of atypical mitosis and anaphase bridges, which are morphological characteristics of chromosomal instability, were negatively correlated with telomere length. The telomeres in normal duct epithelium became shorter with aging, and those in PanINs or cancers were shorter than in age-matched controls, suggesting that telomere shortening occurs even when histological changes are absent. Our data strongly suggest that telomere shortening occurs in the early stages of pancreatic carcinogenesis and progresses with precancerous development. Telomere shortening and chromosomal instability in the duct epithelium might be associated with carcinogenesis of the pancreas. Determination of telomere length in pancreatic ductal lesions may be valuable for accurate detection and risk assessment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (KT)
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Naotaka Izumiyama-Shimomura
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hideki Hamayasu
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Mutsunori Fujiwara
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Tomita
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-8935, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiraishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hadano Red Cross Hospital, Hadano, Kanagawa, 257-0017, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Nakamura
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Naoshi Ishikawa
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kaiyo Takubo
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (KT)
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
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14
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Nones K, Waddell N, Wayte N, Patch AM, Bailey P, Newell F, Holmes O, Fink JL, Quinn MCJ, Tang YH, Lampe G, Quek K, Loffler KA, Manning S, Idrisoglu S, Miller D, Xu Q, Waddell N, Wilson PJ, Bruxner TJC, Christ AN, Harliwong I, Nourse C, Nourbakhsh E, Anderson M, Kazakoff S, Leonard C, Wood S, Simpson PT, Reid LE, Krause L, Hussey DJ, Watson DI, Lord RV, Nancarrow D, Phillips WA, Gotley D, Smithers BM, Whiteman DC, Hayward NK, Campbell PJ, Pearson JV, Grimmond SM, Barbour AP. Genomic catastrophes frequently arise in esophageal adenocarcinoma and drive tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5224. [PMID: 25351503 PMCID: PMC4596003 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) incidence is rapidly increasing in Western countries. A better understanding of EAC underpins efforts to improve early detection and treatment outcomes. While large EAC exome sequencing efforts to date have found recurrent loss-of-function mutations, oncogenic driving events have been underrepresented. Here we use a combination of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and single-nucleotide polymorphism-array profiling to show that genomic catastrophes are frequent in EAC, with almost a third (32%, n=40/123) undergoing chromothriptic events. WGS of 22 EAC cases show that catastrophes may lead to oncogene amplification through chromothripsis-derived double-minute chromosome formation (MYC and MDM2) or breakage-fusion-bridge (KRAS, MDM2 and RFC3). Telomere shortening is more prominent in EACs bearing localized complex rearrangements. Mutational signature analysis also confirms that extreme genomic instability in EAC can be driven by somatic BRCA2 mutations. These findings suggest that genomic catastrophes have a significant role in the malignant transformation of EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Nones
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nicci Wayte
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Ann-Marie Patch
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peter Bailey
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Felicity Newell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Oliver Holmes
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - J Lynn Fink
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michael C J Quinn
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hang Tang
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Guy Lampe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Kelly Quek
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kelly A Loffler
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Suzanne Manning
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Senel Idrisoglu
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David Miller
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Qinying Xu
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nick Waddell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peter J Wilson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Timothy J C Bruxner
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Angelika N Christ
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ivon Harliwong
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig Nourse
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ehsan Nourbakhsh
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew Anderson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen Kazakoff
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Conrad Leonard
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Scott Wood
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Peter T Simpson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia.,The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Lynne E Reid
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia.,The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Lutz Krause
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Damian J Hussey
- Flinders University Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - David I Watson
- Flinders University Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Reginald V Lord
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Notre Dame and University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2011, Australia
| | - Derek Nancarrow
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - David Gotley
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - B Mark Smithers
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nicholas K Hayward
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Peter J Campbell
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - John V Pearson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Andrew P Barbour
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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15
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Baruah A, Buttar N, Chandra R, Chen X, Clemons NJ, Compare D, El-Rifai W, Gu J, Houchen CW, Koh SY, Li W, Nardone G, Phillips WA, Sharma A, Singh I, Upton MP, Vega KJ, Wu X. Translational research on Barrett's esophagus. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1325:170-86. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Baruah
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Navtej Buttar
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Raghav Chandra
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Cancer Research Program, JLC-BBRI; North Carolina Central University; Durham North Carolina
- Center for Esophageal Disease and Swallowing, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Nicholas J. Clemons
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratory; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; East Melbourne Australia
- Department of Surgery (St. Vincent's Hospital); University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
| | - Debora Compare
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit; University Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Surgical Oncology Research; Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville Tennessee
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Epidemiology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas
| | - Courtney W. Houchen
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Shze Yung Koh
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratory; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; East Melbourne Australia
- Department of Surgery (St. Vincent's Hospital); University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
| | - Wenbo Li
- Cancer Research Program, JLC-BBRI; North Carolina Central University; Durham North Carolina
- Department of Gastroenterology; General Hospital of Jinan Military Command; Jinan China
| | - Gerardo Nardone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit; University Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - Wayne A. Phillips
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratory; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; East Melbourne Australia
- Department of Surgery (St. Vincent's Hospital); University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Australia
| | - Anamay Sharma
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Ishtpreet Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Melissa P. Upton
- Department of Pathology; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
| | - Kenneth J. Vega
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas
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16
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Zhang Y, Calado R, Rao M, Hong JA, Meeker AK, Dumitriu B, Atay S, McCormick PJ, Garfield SH, Wangsa D, Padilla-Nash HM, Burkett S, Zhang M, Kunst TF, Peterson NR, Xi S, Inchauste S, Altorki NK, Casson AG, Beer DG, Harris CC, Ried T, Young NS, Schrump DS. Telomerase variant A279T induces telomere dysfunction and inhibits non-canonical telomerase activity in esophageal carcinomas. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101010. [PMID: 24983628 PMCID: PMC4077737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory disorders and hematologic malignancies, telomerase mutations have not been thoroughly characterized in human cancers. The present study was performed to examine the frequency and potential clinical relevance of telomerase mutations in esophageal carcinomas. METHODS Sequencing techniques were used to evaluate mutational status of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomerase RNA component (TERC) in neoplastic and adjacent normal mucosa from 143 esophageal cancer (EsC) patients. MTS, flow cytometry, time lapse microscopy, and murine xenograft techniques were used to assess proliferation, apoptosis, chemotaxis, and tumorigenicity of EsC cells expressing either wtTERT or TERT variants. Immunoprecipitation, immunoblot, immunofluorescence, promoter-reporter and qRT-PCR techniques were used to evaluate interactions of TERT and several TERT variants with BRG-1 and β-catenin, and to assess expression of cytoskeletal proteins, and cell signaling. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization and spectral karyotyping techniques were used to examine telomere length and chromosomal stability. RESULTS Sequencing analysis revealed one deletion involving TERC (TERC del 341-360), and two non-synonymous TERT variants [A279T (2 homozygous, 9 heterozygous); A1062T (4 heterozygous)]. The minor allele frequency of the A279T variant was five-fold higher in EsC patients compared to healthy blood donors (p<0.01). Relative to wtTERT, A279T decreased telomere length, destabilized TERT-BRG-1-β-catenin complex, markedly depleted β-catenin, and down-regulated canonical Wnt signaling in cancer cells; these phenomena coincided with decreased proliferation, depletion of additional cytoskeletal proteins, impaired chemotaxis, increased chemosensitivity, and significantly decreased tumorigenicity of EsC cells. A279T expression significantly increased chromosomal aberrations in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) following Zeocin™ exposure, as well as Li Fraumeni fibroblasts in the absence of pharmacologically-induced DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS A279T induces telomere dysfunction and inhibits non-canonical telomerase activity in esophageal cancer cells. These findings warrant further analysis of A279T expression in esophageal cancers and premalignant esophageal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo Calado
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julie A. Hong
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alan K. Meeker
- Departments of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bogdan Dumitriu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Scott Atay
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter J. McCormick
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Susan H. Garfield
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Danny Wangsa
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hesed M. Padilla-Nash
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sandra Burkett
- Comparative Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mary Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tricia F. Kunst
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nathan R. Peterson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sichuan Xi
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Suzanne Inchauste
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nasser K. Altorki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alan G. Casson
- Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - David G. Beer
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Curtis C. Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas Ried
- Section of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Neal S. Young
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David S. Schrump
- Thoracic Surgery Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Aida J, Izumiyama-Shimomura N, Nakamura KI, Ishikawa N, Terai M, Matsuda Y, Aida S, Arai T, Takubo K. Determination of Telomere Length by the Quantitative Fluorescence <i>in Situ</i> Hybridization (Q-FISH) Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2014.512086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Aida J, Yokoyama A, Shimomura N, Nakamura KI, Ishikawa N, Terai M, Poon S, Matsuura M, Fujiwara M, Sawabe M, Arai T, Takubo K. Telomere shortening in the esophagus of Japanese alcoholics: relationships with chromoendoscopic findings, ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes and smoking history. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63860. [PMID: 23667679 PMCID: PMC3646776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromoendoscopy with Lugol iodine staining provides important information on the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In particular, distinct iodine-unstained lesions (DIULs) larger than 10 mm show a high prevalence in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. It has also been reported that inactive ALDH2*1/*2 and less-active ADH1B*1/*1, and smoking, are risk factors for esophageal SCC. We previously examined telomere shortening in the esophageal epithelium of alcoholics, and suggested a high prevalence of chromosomal instability in such individuals. In the present study, we attempted to analyze telomere lengths in 52 DIULs with reference to both their size and multiplicity, ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes, and smoking history. Patients with DIULs <10 mm (n = 42) had significantly longer telomeres than those with DIULs ≥10 mm (n = 10, p = 0.008). No significant differences in telomere length were recognized between the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes (ALDH2 active/inactive = 35/17, ADH1B active/inactive = 32/20; p = 0.563, 0.784, respectively) or among four groups of patients divided according to smoking history (never-, ex-, light, and heavy smokers = 3, 6, 21, and 22 patients, respectively; p = 0.956). Patients without multiple DIULs (n = 17) had significantly longer telomeres than patients with multiple DIULs (n = 35, p = 0.040). It is suggested that alcoholism reduces telomere length in the esophagus, irrespective of genotype or smoking habit. Telomere shortening may not generate cancer directly, but may create conditions under which SCC can develop more easily, depending on subsequent exposure to carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
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19
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Williamson SR, Zhang S, Lopez-Beltran A, Montironi R, Wang M, Cheng L. Telomere shortening distinguishes inverted urothelial neoplasms. Histopathology 2013; 62:595-601. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Williamson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis; IN; USA
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis; IN; USA
| | | | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology; School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona); United Hospitals; Ancona; Italy
| | - Mingsheng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis; IN; USA
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20
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Riegert-Johnson DL, Boardman LA, Crook JE, Thomas CS, Johnson RA, Roberts ME. Shorter peripheral blood telomeres are a potential biomarker for patients with advanced colorectal adenomas. Int J Biol Markers 2012; 27:e375-80. [PMID: 22865299 PMCID: PMC3841073 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.2012.9347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) can be prevented by the early detection and removal of advanced adenomas (AAs) by colonoscopy. Our aim was to evaluate peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) telomere length as a potential biomarker for the presence of AAs. METHODS PBL telomere length was measured in patients with AAs (n=35), in a control group of similarly aged patients who had a normal colonoscopy (n=145) and in a separate population group with no history of cancer, again similarly aged (n=495). Telomere measurements were performed using a quantitative PCR assay and reported as ratios of telomere and single copy gene measurements. RESULTS Telomere lengths tended to be lower in patients with AAs than in patients in the normal colonoscopy group (p<0.001) as well as those in the population group (p=0.011). A telomere/single copy gene ratio of 0.5 was found to have an estimated 94% sensitivity and a 56% specificity for AAs; a combination of sensitivity and specificity for which a value of >0.5 would reduce the odds of a patient having AAs by a factor of 0.11 (the negative likelihood ratio). Thirty three percent of individuals in the population group tested above this cutoff and could be considered at low risk for AAs. CONCLUSIONS PBL telomeres are shortened in patients with colorectal neoplasia, suggesting that PBL telomere length could be a promising non-invasive blood biomarker to pre-screen for risk of AAs prior to colonoscopy.
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21
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Okayasu I. Development of ulcerative colitis and its associated colorectal neoplasia as a model of the organ-specific chronic inflammation-carcinoma sequence. Pathol Int 2012; 62:368-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2012.02807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Aida J, Yokoyama A, Izumiyama N, Nakamura KI, Ishikawa N, Poon SS, Fujiwara M, Sawabe M, Matsuura M, Arai T, Takubo K. Alcoholics show reduced telomere length in the oesophagus. J Pathol 2010; 223:410-6. [PMID: 21171086 DOI: 10.1002/path.2817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive G-rich DNA sequences located at the ends of chromosomes. Chromosomal and genomic instability due to telomere dysfunction plays an important role in carcinogenesis. To study telomere shortening in the oesophageal epithelium of alcoholics, we measured the telomere lengths of basal and parabasal cells in comparison with those of non-alcoholics using Q-FISH and our original software, Tissue Telo, and also assessed histological inflammation. Telomeres in basal cells were significantly shorter in alcoholics than in age-matched normal controls. Prominent histological findings of chronic inflammation were not evident in either alcoholics or non-alcoholics. Our finding that telomeres in the oesophageal epithelium are shorter in alcoholics than in non-alcoholics indicates that telomere shortening may be associated with the frequent occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma in alcoholics. Further studies to clarify the reason for the large annual loss of telomere length with rapid turnover or lower telomerase activity in the oesophageal epithelium of alcoholics will be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
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23
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Takubo K, Fujita M, Izumiyama N, Nakamura KI, Ishikawa N, Poon SS, Fujiwara M, Sawabe M, Matsuura M, Grabsch H, Arai T, Aida J. Q-FISH analysis of telomere and chromosome instability in the oesophagus with and without squamous cell carcinoma in situ. J Pathol 2010; 221:201-9. [DOI: 10.1002/path.2704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Aida J, Izumo T, Shimomura N, Nakamura KI, Ishikawa N, Matsuura M, Poon SS, Fujiwara M, Sawabe M, Arai T, Takubo K. Telomere lengths in the oral epithelia with and without carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2009; 46:430-8. [PMID: 19910186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging appears to be intrinsically related to carcinogenesis. Genomic instability due to telomere shortening plays an important role in carcinoma development. In order to clarify telomere dysfunction in carcinoma development, we examined the uninvolved epithelium adjacent to carcinoma in situ (CIS), i.e. background of CIS, and CIS itself, compared to control without carcinoma, using an improved quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH) method. We also estimated anaphase bridge (AB), which is inferred to be related to chromosomal instability. In all cell types (basal, parabasal, and suprabasal), mean telomere lengths were significantly shorter in the background than in the control. We also demonstrated increased incidences of AB, not only in CIS, but also in the background and control epithelia with excessively shortened telomeres. Thus we have conclusively demonstrated that CIS arises from epithelium with short telomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Aida
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
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