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Lim M, Nguyen TH, Niland C, Reid LE, Jat PS, Saunus JM, Lakhani SR. Landscape of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Heterodimers in Brain Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030533. [PMID: 35158800 PMCID: PMC8833370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary HER2+ breast cancer patients are treated with agents that tag HER2+ tumour cells for elimination by the immune system, down-modulate HER2 activity and/or block the formation of HER2 dimers, including the neuregulin-1 receptor, HER2-HER3. HER2-targeted therapies prolong survival by lowering the risk of relapse, but do not prevent brain metastases. The reasons for this are not fully understood. We quantified HER2-HER3 dimers in 203 brain metastases, and 34 primary breast tumour samples. Dimer frequency was relatively high in brain metastases from breast, ovarian, lung and kidney cancers, and in brain metastases compared to patient-matched breast tumours; but did not reliably correlate with HER2/HER3 expression or activation. In in vitro experiments, pertuzumab failed to suppress HER2-HER3 dimers in HER2+ breast cancer cells provided with a saturating concentration of neuregulin-1. These findings may provide insights about the differences in intracranial versus extracranial efficacy of HER2-targeted therapies. Abstract HER2+ breast cancer patients have an elevated risk of developing brain metastases (BM), despite adjuvant HER2-targeted therapy. The mechanisms underpinning this reduced intracranial efficacy are unclear. We optimised the in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) for detection of the high-affinity neuregulin-1 receptor, HER2-HER3 (a key target of pertuzumab), in archival tissue samples and developed a pipeline for high throughput extraction of PLA data from fluorescent microscope image files. Applying this to a large BM sample cohort (n = 159) showed that BM from breast, ovarian, lung and kidney cancers have higher HER2-HER3 levels than other primary tumour types (melanoma, colorectal and prostate cancers). HER2 status, and tumour cell membrane expression of pHER2(Y1221/1222) and pHER3(Y1222) were positively, but not exclusively, associated with HER2-HER3 frequency. In an independent cohort (n = 78), BM had significantly higher HER2-HER3 levels than matching primary tumours (p = 0.0002). For patients who had two craniotomy procedures, HER2-HER3 dimer levels were lower in the consecutive lesion (n = 7; p = 0.006). We also investigated the effects of trastuzumab and pertuzumab on five different heterodimers in vitro: HER2-EGFR, HER2-HER4, HER2-HER3, HER3-HER4, HER3-EGFR. Treatment significantly altered the absolute frequencies of individual complexes in SKBr3 and/or MDA-MB-361 cells, but in the presence of neuregulin-1, the overall distribution was not markedly altered, with HER2-HER3 and HER2-HER4 remaining predominant. Together, these findings suggest that markers of HER2 and HER3 expression are not always indicative of dimerization, and that pertuzumab may be less effective at reducing HER2-HER3 dimerization in the context of excess neuregulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Tam H. Nguyen
- Flow Cytometry and Imaging Facility, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Colleen Niland
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Lynne E. Reid
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Parmjit S. Jat
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK;
| | - Jodi M. Saunus
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (S.R.L.)
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
- Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (S.R.L.)
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Abdel-Fatah TMA, Ball GR, Thangavelu PU, Reid LE, McCart Reed AE, Saunus JM, Duijf PHG, Simpson PT, Lakhani SR, Pongor L, Győrffy B, Moseley PM, Green AR, Pockley AG, Caldas C, Ellis IO, Chan SYT. Association of Sperm-Associated Antigen 5 and Treatment Response in Patients With Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e209486. [PMID: 32633764 PMCID: PMC7341179 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.9486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance There is no proven test that can guide the optimal treatment, either endocrine therapy or chemotherapy, for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Objective To investigate the associations of sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) transcript and SPAG5 protein expressions with treatment response in systemic therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Design, Settings, and Participants This retrospective cohort study included patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer who received 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without neoadjuvant anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy (NACT) derived from 11 cohorts from December 1, 1986, to November 28, 2019. The associations of SPAG5 transcript and SPAG5 protein expression with pathological complete response to NACT were evaluated, as was the association of SPAG5 mRNA expression with response to neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. The associations of distal relapse-free survival with SPAG5 transcript or SPAG5 protein expressions were analyzed. Data were analyzed from September 9, 2015, to November 28, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were breast cancer-specific survival, distal relapse-free survival, pathological complete response, and clinical response. Outcomes were examined using Kaplan-Meier, multivariable logistic, and Cox regression models. Results This study included 12 720 women aged 24 to 78 years (mean [SD] age, 58.46 [12.45] years) with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, including 1073 women with SPAG5 transcript expression and 361 women with SPAG5 protein expression of locally advanced disease stage IIA through IIIC. Women with SPAG5 transcript and SPAG5 protein expressions achieved higher pathological complete response compared with those without SPAG5 transcript or SPAG5 protein expressions (transcript: odds ratio, 2.45 [95% CI, 1.71-3.51]; P < .001; protein: odds ratio, 7.32 [95% CI, 3.33-16.22]; P < .001). Adding adjuvant anthracycline chemotherapy to adjuvant endocrine therapy for SPAG5 mRNA expression in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer was associated with prolonged 5-year distal relapse-free survival in patients without lymph node involvement (hazard ratio, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.14-0.87]; P = .03) and patients with lymph node involvement (hazard ratio, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.18-0.68]; P = .002) compared with receiving 5-year endocrine therapy alone. Mean (SD) SPAG5 transcript was found to be downregulated after 2 weeks of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy compared with pretreatment levels in 68 of 92 patients (74%) (0.23 [0.18] vs 0.34 [0.24]; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that SPAG5 transcript and SPAG5 protein expressions could be used to guide the optimal therapies for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Retrospective and prospective clinical trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. A. Abdel-Fatah
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, National Liver Institute, Menoufyia University, Al Minufya, Egypt
| | - Graham R. Ball
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University School of Science and Technology, Nottingham United Kingdom
| | - Pulari U. Thangavelu
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lynne E. Reid
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Amy E. McCart Reed
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Jodi M. Saunus
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Pascal H. G. Duijf
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter T. Simpson
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, Australia
| | - Lorinc Pongor
- Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Second Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Second Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paul M. Moseley
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R. Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alan G. Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University School of Science and Technology, Nottingham United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research, UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian O. Ellis
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Y. T. Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Nones K, Johnson J, Newell F, Patch AM, Thorne H, Kazakoff SH, de Luca XM, Parsons MT, Ferguson K, Reid LE, McCart Reed AE, Srihari S, Lakis V, Davidson AL, Mukhopadhyay P, Holmes O, Xu Q, Wood S, Leonard C, Beesley J, Harris JM, Barnes D, Degasperi A, Ragan MA, Spurdle AB, Khanna KK, Lakhani SR, Pearson JV, Nik-Zainal S, Chenevix-Trench G, Waddell N, Simpson PT. Whole-genome sequencing reveals clinically relevant insights into the aetiology of familial breast cancers. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:1071-1079. [PMID: 31090900 PMCID: PMC6637375 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a powerful method for revealing the diversity and complexity of the somatic mutation burden of tumours. Here, we investigated the utility of tumour and matched germline WGS for understanding aetiology and treatment opportunities for high-risk individuals with familial breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We carried out WGS on 78 paired germline and tumour DNA samples from individuals carrying pathogenic variants in BRCA1 (n = 26) or BRCA2 (n = 22) or from non-carriers (non-BRCA1/2; n = 30). RESULTS Matched germline/tumour WGS and somatic mutational signature analysis revealed patients with unreported, dual pathogenic germline variants in cancer risk genes (BRCA1/BRCA2; BRCA1/MUTYH). The strategy identified that 100% of tumours from BRCA1 carriers and 91% of tumours from BRCA2 carriers exhibited biallelic inactivation of the respective gene, together with somatic mutational signatures suggestive of a functional deficiency in homologous recombination. A set of non-BRCA1/2 tumours also had somatic signatures indicative of BRCA-deficiency, including tumours with BRCA1 promoter methylation, and tumours from carriers of a PALB2 pathogenic germline variant and a BRCA2 variant of uncertain significance. A subset of 13 non-BRCA1/2 tumours from early onset cases were BRCA-proficient, yet displayed complex clustered structural rearrangements associated with the amplification of oncogenes and pathogenic germline variants in TP53, ATM and CHEK2. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the role that WGS of matched germline/tumour DNA and the somatic mutational signatures can play in the discovery of pathogenic germline variants and for providing supporting evidence for variant pathogenicity. WGS-derived signatures were more robust than germline status and other genomic predictors of homologous recombination deficiency, thus impacting the selection of platinum-based or PARP inhibitor therapy. In this first examination of non-BRCA1/2 tumours by WGS, we illustrate the considerable heterogeneity of these tumour genomes and highlight that complex genomic rearrangements may drive tumourigenesis in a subset of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nones
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - J Johnson
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - F Newell
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - A M Patch
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - H Thorne
- kConFab Investigators, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC
| | - S H Kazakoff
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - X M de Luca
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - M T Parsons
- Molecular Cancer Epidemiology Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - K Ferguson
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - L E Reid
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - A E McCart Reed
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - S Srihari
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - V Lakis
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - A L Davidson
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - P Mukhopadhyay
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - O Holmes
- Genome Informatics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Q Xu
- Genome Informatics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - S Wood
- Genome Informatics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - C Leonard
- Genome Informatics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - J Beesley
- Cancer Genetics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - J M Harris
- Faculty of Health, School Biomedical Science - Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - D Barnes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
| | - A Degasperi
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge; Department of Medical Genetics, The Clinical School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M A Ragan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - A B Spurdle
- Molecular Cancer Epidemiology Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - K K Khanna
- Signal Transduction Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - S R Lakhani
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD; Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J V Pearson
- Genome Informatics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - S Nik-Zainal
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge; Department of Medical Genetics, The Clinical School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Chenevix-Trench
- Cancer Genetics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD
| | - N Waddell
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD.
| | - P T Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD.
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McCart Reed AE, Lal S, Kutasovic JR, Wockner L, Robertson A, de Luca XM, Kalita-de Croft P, Dalley AJ, Coorey CP, Kuo L, Ferguson K, Niland C, Miller G, Johnson J, Reid LE, Males R, Saunus JM, Chenevix-Trench G, Coin L, Lakhani SR, Simpson PT. LobSig is a multigene predictor of outcome in invasive lobular carcinoma. NPJ Breast Cancer 2019; 5:18. [PMID: 31263747 PMCID: PMC6597578 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-019-0113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the most common special type of breast cancer, and is characterized by functional loss of E-cadherin, resulting in cellular adhesion defects. ILC typically present as estrogen receptor positive, grade 2 breast cancers, with a good short-term prognosis. Several large-scale molecular profiling studies have now dissected the unique genomics of ILC. We have undertaken an integrative analysis of gene expression and DNA copy number to identify novel drivers and prognostic biomarkers, using in-house (n = 25), METABRIC (n = 125) and TCGA (n = 146) samples. Using in silico integrative analyses, a 194-gene set was derived that is highly prognostic in ILC (P = 1.20 × 10-5)-we named this metagene 'LobSig'. Assessing a 10-year follow-up period, LobSig outperformed the Nottingham Prognostic Index, PAM50 risk-of-recurrence (Prosigna), OncotypeDx, and Genomic Grade Index (MapQuantDx) in a stepwise, multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, particularly in grade 2 ILC cases (χ 2, P = 9.0 × 10-6), which are difficult to prognosticate clinically. Importantly, LobSig status predicted outcome with 94.6% accuracy amongst cases classified as 'moderate-risk' according to Nottingham Prognostic Index in the METABRIC cohort. Network analysis identified few candidate pathways, though genesets related to proliferation were identified, and a LobSig-high phenotype was associated with the TCGA proliferative subtype (χ 2, P < 8.86 × 10-4). ILC with a poor outcome as predicted by LobSig were enriched with mutations in ERBB2, ERBB3, TP53, AKT1 and ROS1. LobSig has the potential to be a clinically relevant prognostic signature and warrants further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E. McCart Reed
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Samir Lal
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
- Present Address: Pfizer Oncology Research, San Diego, CA 92121 USA
| | - Jamie R. Kutasovic
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Leesa Wockner
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006 Australia
| | - Alan Robertson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Xavier M. de Luca
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Priyakshi Kalita-de Croft
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Andrew J. Dalley
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Craig P. Coorey
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Luyu Kuo
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Kaltin Ferguson
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Colleen Niland
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Gregory Miller
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Julie Johnson
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Lynne E. Reid
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Renique Males
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Jodi M. Saunus
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | | | - Lachlan Coin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Peter T. Simpson
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029 Australia
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5
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McCart Reed AE, Kalaw E, Nones K, Bettington M, Lim M, Bennett J, Johnstone K, Kutasovic JR, Kazakoff S, Xu QC, Saunus JM, Reid LE, Black D, Niland C, Ferguson K, Gresshoff I, Raghavendra A, Liu JC, Kalinowski L, Reid AS, Davidson M, Pearson JV, Yamaguchi R, Harris G, Tse G, Papadimos D, Pathmanathan R, Pathmanathan N, Tan PH, Fox S, O'Toole S, Waddell N, Simpson PT, Lakhani SR. Abstract P3-08-03: Dissecting the heterogeneity of metaplastic breast cancer: A morphological, immunohistochemical and genomic analysis of a large cohort. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-08-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although rare, Metaplastic Breast Carcinomas (MBC) account for significant global breast cancer mortality. This subgroup is extremely heterogeneous and by definition exhibits metaplastic change to squamous and/or mesenchymal elements, including but not limited to spindle, squamous, chondroid, osseous and rhabdomyoid elements. The WHO working group recognizes that the current classification is inadequate and in the interim, has suggested a purely descriptive classification. The mixed epithelial-mesenchymal morphology has led to speculation that MBC represent 'stem cell tumours'; in support of this, MBC have been shown to have a CD44+/CD24-/low phenotype. Clinically, patients present with tumours that are larger (higher stage), have increased likelihood of distant metastases at presentation and overall, have a reduced 5-year survival rate compared to Invasive Carcinoma-NST. Hence, this is a unique subtype with poor outcome but without a robust classification or understanding of the biology to aid clinical management. We present a detailed morphological, immunohistochemical and genomic analysis of a large series of MBC (n=347), as amassed through the Asia-Pacific MBC consortium. We consider our morphological dissection using the WHO subtyping guidelines and show that an increasing number of phenotypes in a mixed MBC (classified as WHO_1) significantly associates with a poor prognosis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that a pure spindle (WHO_5) is significantly less likely to express vimentin, CK5/6, CK14, and CK19 than a mixed WHO_1 with spindle features. Similarly, a WHO_1 with chondroid features is less likely to express EGFR than WHO_1 with chondroid features and rhabdoid or osseous differentiation. Across the cohort, positivity for the AE1/3 antibody and a lack of EGFR expression both significantly associate with a better outcome. We report no significant association between patient age at diagnosis and breast cancer specific survival, nor between age and specific WHO MBC subtypes. We report a significant association between WHO_1 types and increasing tumour grade, and also between tumour size and grade, with tumour size being a highly significant prognostic indicator in this cohort. Our exome sequencing confirms a significant enrichment for TP53 and PTEN mutations in MBC, and intriguingly for concurrent mutations of TP53, PTEN and PIK3CA. A novel enrichment for NF1 mutations is also presented. In summary, we provide a thorough assessment of a large cohort of MBC, including morphology, survival, IHC and exome sequencing, and present our analysis contextualized by the WHO guidelines, extending the existing knowledge base of this rare tumour type.
Citation Format: McCart Reed AE, Kalaw E, Nones K, Bettington M, Lim M, Bennett J, Johnstone K, Kutasovic JR, Kazakoff S, Xu QC, Saunus JM, Reid LE, Black D, Niland C, Ferguson K, Gresshoff I, Raghavendra A, Liu JC, Kalinowski L, Reid AS, Davidson M, Pearson JV, Yamaguchi R, Harris G, Tse G, Papadimos D, Pathmanathan R, Pathmanathan N, Tan PH, Fox S, O'Toole S, Waddell N, Simpson PT, Lakhani SR. Dissecting the heterogeneity of metaplastic breast cancer: A morphological, immunohistochemical and genomic analysis of a large cohort [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-08-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- AE McCart Reed
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - E Kalaw
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Nones
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Bettington
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Lim
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Bennett
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Johnstone
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - JR Kutasovic
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Kazakoff
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - QC Xu
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - JM Saunus
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - LE Reid
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - D Black
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Niland
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Ferguson
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - I Gresshoff
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Raghavendra
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - JC Liu
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Kalinowski
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - AS Reid
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Davidson
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - JV Pearson
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Yamaguchi
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Harris
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Tse
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - D Papadimos
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Pathmanathan
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - N Pathmanathan
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - PH Tan
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Fox
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - S O'Toole
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - N Waddell
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - PT Simpson
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - SR Lakhani
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia; Sime Darby Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia; Westmead Breast Cancer Institute; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
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6
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McCart Reed AE, Kutasovic JR, Nones K, Saunus JM, Da Silva L, Newell F, Kazakoff S, Melville L, Jayanthan J, Vargas AC, Reid LE, Beesley J, Chen XQ, Patch AM, Clouston D, Porter A, Evans E, Pearson JV, Chenevix-Trench G, Cummings MC, Waddell N, Lakhani SR, Simpson PT. Mixed ductal-lobular carcinomas: evidence for progression from ductal to lobular morphology. J Pathol 2018; 244:460-468. [PMID: 29344954 PMCID: PMC5873281 DOI: 10.1002/path.5040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mixed ductal–lobular carcinomas (MDLs) show both ductal and lobular morphology, and constitute an archetypal example of intratumoural morphological heterogeneity. The mechanisms underlying the coexistence of these different morphological entities are poorly understood, although theories include that these components either represent ‘collision’ of independent tumours or evolve from a common ancestor. We performed comprehensive clinicopathological analysis of a cohort of 82 MDLs, and found that: (1) MDLs more frequently coexist with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) than with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS); (2) the E‐cadherin–catenin complex was normal in the ductal component in 77.6% of tumours; and (3) in the lobular component, E‐cadherin was almost always aberrantly located in the cytoplasm, in contrast to invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), where E‐cadherin is typically absent. Comparative genomic hybridization and multiregion whole exome sequencing of four representative cases revealed that all morphologically distinct components within an individual case were clonally related. The mutations identified varied between cases; those associated with a common clonal ancestry included BRCA2, TBX3, and TP53, whereas those associated with clonal divergence included CDH1 and ESR1. Together, these data support a model in which separate morphological components of MDLs arise from a common ancestor, and lobular morphology can arise via a ductal pathway of tumour progression. In MDLs that present with LCIS and DCIS, the clonal divergence probably occurs early, and is frequently associated with complete loss of E‐cadherin expression, as in ILC, whereas, in the majority of MDLs, which present with DCIS but not LCIS, direct clonal divergence from the ductal to the lobular phenotype occurs late in tumour evolution, and is associated with aberrant expression of E‐cadherin. The mechanisms driving the phenotypic change may involve E‐cadherin–catenin complex deregulation, but are yet to be fully elucidated, as there is significant intertumoural heterogeneity, and each case may have a unique molecular mechanism. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E McCart Reed
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jamie R Kutasovic
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katia Nones
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jodi M Saunus
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leonard Da Silva
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Felicity Newell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Lewis Melville
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Janani Jayanthan
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ana Cristina Vargas
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lynne E Reid
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Xiao Qing Chen
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Alan Porter
- The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Evans
- The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John V Pearson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Margaret C Cummings
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter T Simpson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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7
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Burgess JT, Bolderson E, Saunus JM, Zhang SD, Reid LE, McNicol AM, Lakhani SR, Cuff K, Richard K, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ. SASH1 mediates sensitivity of breast cancer cells to chloropyramine and is associated with prognosis in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72807-72818. [PMID: 27637080 PMCID: PMC5341945 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the SASH1 protein is reduced in a range of human cancers and has been implicated in apoptotic cancer cell death. This study investigated whether increasing SASH1 expression could be a useful therapeutic strategy in breast cancer. Ectopic SASH1 expression increased apoptosis in 7/8 breast cancer cell lines. Subsequent in silico connectivity screening demonstrated that the clinically approved antihistamine drug, chloropyramine, increased SASH1 mRNA levels. Chloropyramine has previously been shown to have anti-tumour activity in breast cancer in part through modulation of FAK signalling, a pathway also regulated by SASH1. This study demonstrated that chloropyramine increased SASH1 protein levels in breast cancer cells. Consistent with this the agent reduced cell confluency in 7/8 cell lines treated irrespective of their ER status but not apoptosis incompetent MCF7 cells. In contrast SASH1 siRNA-transfected breast cancer cells exhibited reduced chloropyramine sensitivity. The prognostic significance of SASH1 expression was also investigated in two breast cancer cohorts. Expression was associated with favourable outcome in ER-positive cases, but only those of low histological grade/proliferative status. Conversely, we found a very strong inverse association in HER2+ disease irrespective of ER status, and in triple-negative, basal-like cases. Overall, the data suggest that SASH1 is prognostic in breast cancer and could have subtype-dependent effects on breast cancer progression. Pharmacologic induction of SASH1 by chloropyramine treatment of breast cancer warrants further preclinical and clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Burgess
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jodi M Saunus
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, University of Ulster, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Londonderry, UK.,Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne E Reid
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anne Marie McNicol
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,UQ School of Medicine, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katharine Cuff
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kerry Richard
- UQ School of Medicine, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Health, Herston, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Cell Imaging Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Translational Cell Imaging Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Saunus JM, Smart CE, Kutasovic JR, Johnston RL, Kalita-de Croft P, Miranda M, Rozali EN, Vargas AC, Reid LE, Lorsy E, Cocciardi S, Seidens T, McCart Reed AE, Dalley AJ, Wockner LF, Johnson J, Sarkar D, Askarian-Amiri ME, Simpson PT, Khanna KK, Chenevix-Trench G, Al-Ejeh F, Lakhani SR. Multidimensional phenotyping of breast cancer cell lines to guide preclinical research. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 167:289-301. [PMID: 28889351 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cell lines are extremely useful tools in breast cancer research. Their key benefits include a high degree of control over experimental variables and reproducibility. However, the advantages must be balanced against the limitations of modelling such a complex disease in vitro. Informed selection of cell line(s) for a given experiment now requires essential knowledge about molecular and phenotypic context in the culture dish. METHODS We performed multidimensional profiling of 36 widely used breast cancer cell lines that were cultured under standardised conditions. Flow cytometry and digital immunohistochemistry were used to compare the expression of 14 classical breast cancer biomarkers related to intrinsic molecular profiles and differentiation states: EpCAM, CD24, CD49f, CD44, ER, AR, HER2, EGFR, E-cadherin, p53, vimentin, and cytokeratins 5, 8/18 and 19. RESULTS This cell-by-cell analysis revealed striking heterogeneity within cultures of individual lines that would be otherwise obscured by analysing cell homogenates, particularly amongst the triple-negative lines. High levels of p53 protein, but not RNA, were associated with somatic mutations (p = 0.008). We also identified new subgroups using the nanoString PanCancer Pathways panel (730 transcripts representing 13 canonical cancer pathways). Unsupervised clustering identified five groups: luminal/HER2, immortalised ('normal'), claudin-low and two basal clusters, distinguished mostly by baseline expression of TGF-beta and PI3-kinase pathway genes. CONCLUSION These features are compared with other published genotype and phenotype information in a user-friendly reference table to help guide selection of the most appropriate models for in vitro and in vivo studies, and as a framework for classifying new patient-derived cancer cell lines and xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi M Saunus
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.
| | - Chanel E Smart
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Jamie R Kutasovic
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Johnston
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Priyakshi Kalita-de Croft
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Mariska Miranda
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Esdy N Rozali
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Lynne E Reid
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Eva Lorsy
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Tatjana Seidens
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Amy E McCart Reed
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew J Dalley
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Leesa F Wockner
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Julie Johnson
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Debina Sarkar
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marjan E Askarian-Amiri
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter T Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Fares Al-Ejeh
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
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9
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McCart Reed AE, Kutasovic JR, Nones K, da Silva L, Melville L, Jayanthan J, Vargas AC, Reid LE, Saunus JM, Cummings MM, Porter A, Evans E, Waddell N, Lakhani SR, Simpson PT. Abstract P1-07-08: Mixed ductal-lobular carcinomas of the breast: Abrogated cell adhesion in the clonal evolution from ductal to lobular morphology. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p1-07-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mixed ductal-lobular carcinomas (MDL) display both ductal and lobular morphology, and are a clear example of intratumour morphological heterogeneity. The evolution of MDL carcinomas is not well understood. There is a paucity of data surrounding the genetic origin of the different morphological compartments and it remains to be seen whether the coincident presentation of these distinct morphological entities represents two independent tumours that have collided (so called 'collision tumours'), or whether they arise from a common clone. We propose that clonal progression during the evolution of these tumours is associated with a change in phenotype. To address this, a cohort of 82 MDLs was studied for clinical, morphological and molecular features. Key findings include: i) MDLs more frequently co-exist with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) than lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS); ii) the E-cadherin-catenin complex was recurrently normal in the ductal component but aberrantly localised in the lobular component of the same tumour; iii) E-cadherin deregulation in the lobular component was almost always aberrantly located to the cytoplasm, conversely classic ILCs are typically completely negative for this molecule; iv) epithelial to mesenchymal transition marker expression was not associated with E-cadherin deregulation. Comparative Genomic Hybridsation (CGH) and exome sequencing was performed to investigate clonal relationships between the different intratumour morphologies and identify mechanisms underlying the change in phenotype. Our analysis revealed that i) all morphological components within a case are clonally related; ii) divergence of the morphological components may occur early during tumour evolution (where both DCIS and LCIS are present) or later during tumour progression (cases with only DCIS detectible); and iii) mutations were identified in genes such as CDH1 and ESR1, and other breast cancer driver genes. Together, these data strongly support the concept that the disparate morphological components of these mixed tumours are clonally related, and are not the result of a collision event. Furthermore, we show that lobular morphology can arise via a 'ductal' pathway of tumour progression. The mechanisms driving the change in phenotype are yet to be fully elucidated, but there is significant intertumour heterogeneity and each case may utilise a unique molecular mechanism.
Citation Format: McCart Reed AE, Kutasovic JR, Nones K, da Silva L, Melville L, Jayanthan J, Vargas AC, Reid LE, Saunus JM, Cummings MM, Porter A, Evans E, Waddell N, Lakhani SR, Simpson PT. Mixed ductal-lobular carcinomas of the breast: Abrogated cell adhesion in the clonal evolution from ductal to lobular morphology [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- AE McCart Reed
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - JR Kutasovic
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - K Nones
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L da Silva
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L Melville
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J Jayanthan
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - AC Vargas
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - LE Reid
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - JM Saunus
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - MM Cummings
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A Porter
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - E Evans
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N Waddell
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - SR Lakhani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - PT Simpson
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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10
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McCart Reed AE, Kutasovic JR, Vargas AC, Jayanthan J, Al-Murrani A, Reid LE, Chambers R, Da Silva L, Melville L, Evans E, Porter A, Papadimos D, Thompson EW, Lakhani SR, Simpson PT. An epithelial to mesenchymal transition programme does not usually drive the phenotype of invasive lobular carcinomas. J Pathol 2016; 238:489-94. [PMID: 26510554 DOI: 10.1002/path.4668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular phenotype switching phenomenon which occurs during normal development and is proposed to promote tumour cell invasive capabilities during tumour progression. Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a histological special type of breast cancer with a peculiar aetiology - the tumour cells display an invasive growth pattern, with detached, single cells or single files of cells, and a canonical feature is the loss of E-cadherin expression. These characteristics are indicative of an EMT or at the very least that they represent some plasticity between phenotypes. While some gene expression profiling data support this view, the tumour cells remain epithelial and limited immunohistochemistry data suggest that EMT markers may not feature prominently in ILC. We assessed the expression of a panel of EMT markers (fibronectin, vimentin, N-cadherin, smooth muscle actin, osteonectin, Snail, Twist) in 148 ILCs and performed a meta-analysis of publically available molecular data from 154 ILCs. Three out of 148 (2%) ILCs demonstrated an early and coordinated alteration of multiple EMT markers (down-regulation of E-cadherin, nuclear TWIST, and up-regulation of vimentin, osteonectin, and smooth muscle actin). However, the data overall do not support a role for EMT in defining the phenotypic peculiarities of the majority of ILCs. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E McCart Reed
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Jamie R Kutasovic
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Ana C Vargas
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Janani Jayanthan
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Amel Al-Murrani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Lynne E Reid
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachael Chambers
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia.,Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Taringa, 4068, QLD, Australia
| | - Leonard Da Silva
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Lewis Melville
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Evans
- Wesley Breast Clinic, Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, 4066, QLD, Australia
| | - Alan Porter
- Wesley Breast Clinic, Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, 4066, QLD, Australia
| | - David Papadimos
- Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Taringa, 4068, QLD, Australia
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, 4059, QLD, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, 3065, VIC, Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Herston, 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter T Simpson
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, 4029, QLD, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Herston, 4006, QLD, Australia
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11
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Field S, Uyttenhove C, Stroobant V, Cheou P, Donckers D, Coutelier JP, Simpson PT, Cummings MC, Saunus JM, Reid LE, Kutasovic JR, McNicol AM, Kim BR, Kim JH, Lakhani SR, Neville AM, Van Snick J, Jat PS. Novel highly specific anti-periostin antibodies uncover the functional importance of the fascilin 1-1 domain and highlight preferential expression of periostin in aggressive breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1959-70. [PMID: 26619948 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Periostin (POSTN), a secreted homodimeric protein that binds integrins αvβ3, αvβ5, and α6β4, was originally found to be expressed in fetal tissues and in the adult upon injury particularly bone fractures due to its role in remodelling and repair. Recently it was found to be over-expressed in human breast cancer and a variety of other tumour types including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, where its overexpression correlates with increased tumour invasion. Progress in studying its functional role in tumour pathogenesis has been hampered by the paucity of antibodies for its specific and sensitive detection. It has proven very difficult to obtain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against this highly conserved protein but we report here that combining infection of mice with lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus (LDV), a B cell activating arterivirus, with conjugation of human POSTN to ovalbumin as an immunogenic carrier, enabled us to develop six mAbs recognizing both human and mouse POSTN and inhibiting its binding to αvβ3 integrin. Two of the mAbs, MPB4B1 and MPC5B4, were tested and found to inhibit POSTN-induced migration of human endothelial colony forming cells. All six mAbs recognized amino acids 136-51 (APSNEAWDNLDSDIRR) within the POSTN fascilin (FAS) 1-1 domain revealing the functional importance of this motif; this was further highlighted by the ability of aa 136-151 peptide to inhibit integrin-mediated cell migration. Immunohistochemistry using MPC5B4, indicated that breast tumour cell POSTN expression was a strong prognostic indicator, along with tumour size, lymph node, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Field
- University of Oxford Branch, Ludwig Cancer Research, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Uyttenhove
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Paméla Cheou
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Peter T Simpson
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,Cancer Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Herston, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Discipline of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margaret C Cummings
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Discipline of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jodi M Saunus
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,Cancer Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Lynne E Reid
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,Cancer Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Jamie R Kutasovic
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,Cancer Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Anne Marie McNicol
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Discipline of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ba Reun Kim
- Medical Research Centre for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Medical Research Centre for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Discipline of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Jacques Van Snick
- Ludwig Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, Université Catholique De Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Parmjit S Jat
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.,MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Saunus JM, Quinn MCJ, Patch AM, Pearson JV, Bailey PJ, Nones K, McCart Reed AE, Miller D, Wilson PJ, Al-Ejeh F, Mariasegaram M, Lau Q, Withers T, Jeffree RL, Reid LE, Da Silva L, Matsika A, Niland CM, Cummings MC, Bruxner TJC, Christ AN, Harliwong I, Idrisoglu S, Manning S, Nourse C, Nourbakhsh E, Wani S, Anderson MJ, Fink JL, Holmes O, Kazakoff S, Leonard C, Newell F, Taylor D, Waddell N, Wood S, Xu Q, Kassahn KS, Narayanan V, Taib NA, Teo SH, Chow YP, kConFab, Jat PS, Brandner S, Flanagan AM, Khanna KK, Chenevix-Trench G, Grimmond SM, Simpson PT, Waddell N, Lakhani SR. Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of human brain metastases identifies alterations of potential clinical significance. J Pathol 2015; 237:363-78. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jodi M Saunus
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Michael CJ Quinn
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Ann-Marie Patch
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - John V Pearson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Peter J Bailey
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences; University of Glasgow; UK
| | - Katia Nones
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Amy E McCart Reed
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - David Miller
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics; Garvan Institute of Medical Research; Darlinghurst NSW Australia
| | - Peter J Wilson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Fares Al-Ejeh
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Mythily Mariasegaram
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Queenie Lau
- Pathology Queensland; Gold Coast Hospital; Southport Queensland Australia
| | - Teresa Withers
- Department of Neurosurgery; Gold Coast Hospital; Southport Queensland Australia
| | - Rosalind L Jeffree
- Kenneth G Jamieson Department of Neurosurgery; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Lynne E Reid
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Leonard Da Silva
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- University of Queensland School of Medicine; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Admire Matsika
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- Pathology Queensland; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Colleen M Niland
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Margaret C Cummings
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- University of Queensland School of Medicine; Herston Queensland Australia
- Pathology Queensland; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Timothy JC Bruxner
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Angelika N Christ
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Ivon Harliwong
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Senel Idrisoglu
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Suzanne Manning
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Craig Nourse
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences; University of Glasgow; UK
| | - Ehsan Nourbakhsh
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Shivangi Wani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Matthew J Anderson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - J Lynn Fink
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Oliver Holmes
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Stephen Kazakoff
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Conrad Leonard
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Felicity Newell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Darrin Taylor
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Nick Waddell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Scott Wood
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Qinying Xu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Karin S Kassahn
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Genetic and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology; Women's and Children's Hospital; North Adelaide South Australia Australia
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science; University of Adelaide; South Australia Australia
| | - Vairavan Narayanan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Nur Aishah Taib
- Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation; Sime Darby Medical Centre; Selangor Malaysia
| | - Yock Ping Chow
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation; Sime Darby Medical Centre; Selangor Malaysia
| | - kConFab
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre; University of Melbourne; Victoria Australia
| | - Parmjit S Jat
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and MRC Prion Unit; UCL Institute of Neurology; London UK
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Division of Neuropathology and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease; UCL Institute of Neurology; London UK
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Histopathology; Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust; Stanmore UK
- University College London Cancer Institute; London UK
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
| | | | - Sean M Grimmond
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences; University of Glasgow; UK
| | - Peter T Simpson
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- University of Queensland School of Medicine; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston Queensland Australia
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, IMB; University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- University of Queensland; UQ Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- University of Queensland School of Medicine; Herston Queensland Australia
- Pathology Queensland; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston Queensland Australia
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13
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Nones K, Waddell N, Wayte N, Patch AM, Bailey P, Newell F, Holmes O, Fink JL, Quinn MCJ, Tang YH, Lampe G, Quek K, Loffler KA, Manning S, Idrisoglu S, Miller D, Xu Q, Waddell N, Wilson PJ, Bruxner TJC, Christ AN, Harliwong I, Nourse C, Nourbakhsh E, Anderson M, Kazakoff S, Leonard C, Wood S, Simpson PT, Reid LE, Krause L, Hussey DJ, Watson DI, Lord RV, Nancarrow D, Phillips WA, Gotley D, Smithers BM, Whiteman DC, Hayward NK, Campbell PJ, Pearson JV, Grimmond SM, Barbour AP. Genomic catastrophes frequently arise in esophageal adenocarcinoma and drive tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5224. [PMID: 25351503 PMCID: PMC4596003 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) incidence is rapidly increasing in Western countries. A better understanding of EAC underpins efforts to improve early detection and treatment outcomes. While large EAC exome sequencing efforts to date have found recurrent loss-of-function mutations, oncogenic driving events have been underrepresented. Here we use a combination of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and single-nucleotide polymorphism-array profiling to show that genomic catastrophes are frequent in EAC, with almost a third (32%, n=40/123) undergoing chromothriptic events. WGS of 22 EAC cases show that catastrophes may lead to oncogene amplification through chromothripsis-derived double-minute chromosome formation (MYC and MDM2) or breakage-fusion-bridge (KRAS, MDM2 and RFC3). Telomere shortening is more prominent in EACs bearing localized complex rearrangements. Mutational signature analysis also confirms that extreme genomic instability in EAC can be driven by somatic BRCA2 mutations. These findings suggest that genomic catastrophes have a significant role in the malignant transformation of EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Nones
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nicci Wayte
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Ann-Marie Patch
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peter Bailey
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Felicity Newell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Oliver Holmes
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - J Lynn Fink
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michael C J Quinn
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hang Tang
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Guy Lampe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Kelly Quek
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kelly A Loffler
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Suzanne Manning
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Senel Idrisoglu
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David Miller
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Qinying Xu
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nick Waddell
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peter J Wilson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Timothy J C Bruxner
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Angelika N Christ
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ivon Harliwong
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig Nourse
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ehsan Nourbakhsh
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew Anderson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen Kazakoff
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Conrad Leonard
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Scott Wood
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Peter T Simpson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia.,The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Lynne E Reid
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia.,The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Lutz Krause
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Damian J Hussey
- Flinders University Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - David I Watson
- Flinders University Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Reginald V Lord
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Notre Dame and University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2011, Australia
| | - Derek Nancarrow
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - David Gotley
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - B Mark Smithers
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Nicholas K Hayward
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Peter J Campbell
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - John V Pearson
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Andrew P Barbour
- Surgical Oncology Group, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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14
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Generali D, Buffa FM, Deb S, Cummings M, Reid LE, Taylor M, Andreis D, Allevi G, Ferrero G, Byrne D, Martinotti M, Bottini A, Harris AL, Lakhani SR, Fox SB. COX-2 expression is predictive for early relapse and aromatase inhibitor resistance in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast, and is a target for treatment. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:46-54. [PMID: 24874483 PMCID: PMC4090726 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratification of patients for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is suboptimal, with high systemic overtreatment rates. METHODS A training set of 95 tumours from women with pure DCIS were immunostained for proteins involved in cell survival, hypoxia, growth factor and hormone signalling. A generalised linear regression with regularisation and variable selection was applied to a multiple covariate Cox survival analysis with recurrence-free survival 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-out iterative approach were used to build and test the model that was validated using an independent cohort of 58 patients with pure DCIS. The clinical role of a COX-2-targeting agent was then tested in a proof-of-concept neoadjuvant randomised trial in ER-positive DCIS treated with exemestane 25 mg day(-1)± celecoxib 800 mg day(-1). RESULTS The COX-2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for early relapse in the training (HR 37.47 (95% CI: 5.56-252.74) P=0.0001) and independent validation cohort (HR 3.9 (95% CI: 1.8-8.3) P=0.002). There was no significant interaction with other clinicopathological variables. A statistically significant reduction of Ki-67 expression after treatment with exemestane ± celecoxib was observed (P<0.02) with greater reduction in the combination arm (P<0.004). Concomitant reduction in COX-2 expression was statistically significant in the exemestane and celecoxib arm (P<0.03) only. CONCLUSIONS In patients with DCIS, COX-2 may predict recurrence, aiding clinical decision making. A combination of an aromatase inhibitor and celecoxib has significant biological effect and may be integrated into treatment of COX2-positive DCIS at high risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Generali
- US Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica/UO Chirurgia Generale Senologica, AO Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - F M Buffa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - S Deb
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Victorian Cancer Biobank, Rathdowne Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - M Cummings
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, School of Medicine and Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - L E Reid
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, School of Medicine and Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - M Taylor
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - D Andreis
- US Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica/UO Chirurgia Generale Senologica, AO Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - G Allevi
- US Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica/UO Chirurgia Generale Senologica, AO Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - G Ferrero
- U.O. Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - D Byrne
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - M Martinotti
- Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - A Bottini
- US Terapia Molecolare e Farmacogenomica/UO Chirurgia Generale Senologica, AO Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - A L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - S R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, School of Medicine and Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - S B Fox
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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15
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Cummings MC, Simpson PT, Reid LE, Jayanthan J, Skerman J, Song S, McCart Reed AE, Kutasovic JR, Morey AL, Marquart L, O'Rourke P, Lakhani SR. Metastatic progression of breast cancer: insights from 50 years of autopsies. J Pathol 2014; 232:23-31. [PMID: 24122263 PMCID: PMC4288974 DOI: 10.1002/path.4288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There remain no clear guidelines for the optimal management of patients with metastatic breast cancer. To better understand its natural history, we undertook a detailed examination of 197 autopsies performed on women who died of breast cancer. We reviewed clinical, treatment and pathological aspects of all cases and, additionally, pathological features and biomarker expression (ER, PgR, HER2, EGFR, p53, Ki67, c-Kit, CK AE1/AE3) were assessed in detail for the primary tumour and matched metastases for 55 of the cases. Genomes of the primary tumour and multiple metastases were analysed by array-based comparative genomic hybridization for six cases##. 945 metastatic deposits were identified, with a median of four/patient. The most common organs involved were lung/pleura (80%), bone (74%), liver (71%) and non-axillary lymph nodes (55%). Major findings included: (a) patients with CNS metastases were more likely to have bone metastases (p < 0.013); (b) younger age was associated with metastasis to the liver (≤ 49 years; p < 0.001) and to gynaecological organs (≤ 49 years; p = 0.001); (c) surgical excision of the primary tumour was associated with metastasis to the liver (p = 0.002); and (d) ER and PgR showed down-regulation during progression in a non-random manner, particularly in lung/pleura (ER; p < 0.001), liver and bone metastases. Genomic analysis revealed DNA copy number variation between the primary tumour and metastases (e.g. amplification of 2q11.2–q12.1 and 10q22.2–q22.3) but little variation between metastases from the same patient. In summary, the association of CNS and bone metastases, liver and gynaecological metastases in young women and the risk of liver metastases following surgery have important implications for the management of patients with breast cancer. Clonal heterogeneity of the primary tumour is important in developing metastatic propensity and the change in tumour phenotype during progression/colonization highlights the importance of sampling metastatic disease for optimal treatment strategies. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Cummings
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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16
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Reid LE, Behrend EN, Martin LG, Kemppainen RJ, Ward CR, Lurye JC, Donovan TC, Lee HP. Effect of trilostane and mitotane on aldosterone secretory reserve in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:443-50. [PMID: 24400747 PMCID: PMC4858010 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maximal aldosterone secretion in healthy dogs occurs 30 minutes postadrenocorticotropin (ACTH; 5 μg/kg IV) stimulation. The effect of trilostane and mitotane on aldosterone at that time is unknown. Objectives To assess the effect of trilostane and mitotane in dogs with pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism on aldosterone secretory reserve. To determine if aldosterone concentration correlates with electrolyte concentrations. Animals Serum collected from 79 client‐owned dogs and 33 stored samples. Methods Client‐owned dogs had ACTH stimulation tests with cortisol concentrations measured at 0 and 60 minutes and aldosterone concentrations measured at 0, 30, and 60 minutes. Stored samples had aldosterone concentrations measured at 0 and 60 minutes. Ten historical clinically healthy controls were included. All had basal sodium and potassium concentrations measured. Results The aldosterone concentrations in the mitotane‐ and trilostane‐treated dogs at 30 and 60 minutes post‐ACTH were significantly lower than in clinically healthy dogs; no significant difference was detected in aldosterone concentration between 30 and 60 minutes in treated dogs. However, a significantly higher percentage of dogs had decreased aldosterone secretory reserve detected at 30 minutes than at 60 minutes. At 30 minutes, decreased secretory reserve was detected in 49% and 78% of trilostane‐ and mitotane‐treated dogs, respectively. No correlation was detected between aldosterone and serum electrolyte concentrations. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Decreased aldosterone secretory reserve is common in trilostane‐ and mitotane‐treated dogs; it cannot be predicted by measurement of serum electrolyte concentrations. Aldosterone concentration at 30 minutes post‐ACTH stimulation identifies more dogs with decreased aldosterone secretory reserve than conventional testing at 60 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Reid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
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17
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McCart Reed AE, Song S, Kutasovic JR, Reid LE, Valle JM, Vargas AC, Smart CE, Simpson PT. Thrombospondin-4 expression is activated during the stromal response to invasive breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2013; 463:535-45. [PMID: 23942617 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-013-1468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The thromobospondins are a family of extracellular glycoproteins that are activated during tissue remodeling processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing and cancer. Thrombospondin-4 (THBS4) is known to have roles in cellular migration, adhesion and attachment, as well as proliferation in different contexts. Data to support a role in cancer biology is increasing, including for gastrointestinal and prostate tumours. Here, using a combination of immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and analysis of publicly available genomic and expression data, we present the first study describing the pattern of expression of THBS4 in normal breast and breast cancer. THBS4 was located to the basement membrane of large ducts and vessels in normal breast tissue, but was absent from epithelium and extracellular matrix. There was a significant induction in expression in cancer-associated stroma relative to normal stroma (P = 0.0033), neoplastic epithelium (P < 0.0001) and normal epithelium (P < 0.0001). There was no difference in stromal expression of THBS4 between invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) and invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC). The THBS4 mRNA levels were variable yet were generally highest in tumours typically rich in stromal content (ILC, ER positive low grade IDC; luminal A and normal-like subtypes). Genomic alterations of the THBS4 gene (somatic mutations and gene copy number) are rare suggesting this dramatic activation in expression is most likely dynamically regulated through the interaction between invading tumour cells and stromal fibroblasts in the local microenvironment. In summary, THBS4 expression in breast cancer-associated extracellular matrix contributes to the activated stromal response exhibited during tumour progression and this may facilitate invasion of tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E McCart Reed
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Building 71/918, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, 4029, Australia
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18
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Peters AA, Simpson PT, Bassett JJ, Lee JM, Da Silva L, Reid LE, Song S, Parat MO, Lakhani SR, Kenny PA, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. Calcium Channel TRPV6 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:2158-68. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Milne RG, Torsney B, Gilbert J, Reid LE. Consultant outreach, 1991 to 1998. An update and extension on its distribution in Scotland. Health Bull (Edinb) 2001; 59:315-31. [PMID: 12664746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the extent and distribution of consultant outreach in Scotland between 1991 and 1998. DESIGN The paper has three parts. First a description of the trends in consultants and consultant activity provides the background. This is followed by the results of an update of the 1991 survey of all health centres in Scotland and its extension to all GP premises considered suitable to hold consultant clinics. Finally, binary regression analysis of outreach is used to test the importance of total list size, distance to alternative provision and deprivation. Fourteen of the most common consultant specialties are studied. SETTING AND SUBJECTS Scotland-wide data on consultants and consultant activity using annual data over the 1990s; and a Scotland-wide survey of 231 health centres and 312 GP premises over the period July to December 1998. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Consultant full time equivalents (ftes) increased and, with minor exceptions, consultant activity did so too. In respect of outreach, the increase was largely at GP premises and for psychiatry. For only two specialties of the fourteen studied, obstetrics and general psychiatry, could outreach be considered important. Such outreach provision as was made went where the total list size was largest and alternative provision farthest distant. The evidence that deprivation had an influence on outreach varies with specialty and is qualified.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Milne
- Department of Economics, University of Glasgow
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20
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Michael-Robinson JM, Reid LE, Purdie DM, Biemer-Hüttmann AE, Walsh MD, Pandeya N, Simms LA, Young JP, Leggett BA, Jass JR, Radford-Smith GL. Proliferation, apoptosis, and survival in high-level microsatellite instability sporadic colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7:2347-56. [PMID: 11489812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) characterized by high-level DNA microsatellite instability (MSI-H) has a favorable prognosis. The reason for this MSI-H survival advantage is not known. The aim of this study was to correlate proliferation, apoptosis, and prognosis in CRC stratified by MSI status. The proliferative index (PI) was measured by immunohistochemical staining with the Ki-67 antibody in a selected series of 100 sporadic colorectal cancers classified according to the level of MSI as 31 MSI-H, 29 MSI-Low (MSI-L), and 40 microsatellite stable (MSS). The Ki-67 index was significantly higher in MSI-H cancers (P < 0.0001) in which the PI was 90.1 +/- 1.2% (mean +/- SE) compared with 69.5 +/- 3.1% and 69.5 +/- 2.3% in MSI-L and MSS subgroups, respectively. There was a positive linear correlation between the apoptotic index (AI) and PI (r = 0.51; P < 0.001), with MSI-H cancers demonstrating an increased AI:PI ratio indicative of a lower index of cell production. A high PI showed a trend toward predicting improved survival within MSI-H cancers (P = 0.09) but did not predict survival in MSI-L or MSS cancers. The AI was not associated with survival in any MSI subgroup. In conclusion, this is the first study to show that sporadic MSI-H cancers are characterized by a higher AI:PI ratio and increased proliferative activity compared with MSI-L and MSS cancers, and that an elevated PI may confer a survival advantage within the MSI-H subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Michael-Robinson
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, Royal Brisbane Hospital Foundation Clinical Research Centre, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
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21
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Abstract
The interrelationship between acinar cell apoptosis and tubular complex formation was examined in caerulein-induced pancreatitis using histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis. Rats were given 8 hourly subcutaneous injections of caerulein, 24 micrograms/kg, for up to 2 days. Morphologically and biochemically typical apoptosis affected 4.6 and 8.9% of acinar cells at 1 and 2 days, respectively, resulting in removal of most acinar cells by 2 days. Consequently, pancreatic ducts, the lining cells expressing bcl-2 and therefore resistant to apoptosis, became much more closely approximated to form the basis of tubular complexes; small numbers of immunohistochemically discrete acinar cells in their lining were either pre-apoptotic resistant to it or newly formed. Proliferation of duct-like lining cells was associated with apoptosis, an increase in islet cells and acinar cell regeneration. There was evidence of duct to acinar cell differentiation but the main increase in acinar cell numbers appeared to derive from proliferation of newly formed acinar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Reid
- Department of Pathology, University of Queensland Medical School, Herston, 4006, Queensland, Australia
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22
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Abstract
We counted apoptotic thymic cortical lymphocytes in semi-thin plastic sections of 266 human autopsy thymuses. The decreased patients included in the study were all aged less than 40 yrs and all died within 72 hrs of the onset of symptoms. Based on published data on animal and human material it was anticipated that individuals dying within 3 hrs of the onset of their fatal condition--"sudden deaths"--would have low apoptotic counts and those dying 3 to 72 hrs after the onset of their fatal condition--"delayed deaths"--would have elevated counts. Results showed that the sudden death group did have low apoptotic counts (mean 0.24 +/- 0.03% Standard Error of the Mean (SEM); n = 208) and the delayed death group did have significantly higher counts (mean 17.94 +/- 3.38% SEM; n = 58; p < 0.001). However, there were a number of cases in the latter group with low counts (n = 19). All of these patients had suffered injuries or clinical conditions that have been shown by others to be capable of interfering with the production of cortisol. As elevated cortisol is a major cause of apoptosis in thymic cortical lymphocytes, any such interference might prevent elevated apoptotic counts of thymic cortical lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Middleton
- Department of Pathology, University of Queensland, Brisbane
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23
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Abstract
Three functional members of the 1-8 gene family have been isolated on a single human genomic DNA fragment of less than 18 kb. The 1-8U and 1-8D genes are extremely similar; each is contained within a less than 2-kb fragment, has in its 5'flanking region two adjacent 14-base-pair sequences showing high similarity to interferon-stimulable response elements (ISREs) and has two highly related exons. The third gene (9-27) has a similar overall structure, shows substantial similarity to the 1-8s but has only one ISRE which is 3' of two CCAAT boxes not present in the 1-8U and D genes. The cDNA corresponding to the three genes share 120 nucleotides of identical sequence and show greater than 90% identity over 70% of the coding sequence. For the 1-8U and D genes the high similarity extends into the 5' non-coding and flanking regions. The open reading frames encode polypeptides that are likely to be of very similar structure. Antiserum to a conserved peptide detects a polypeptide(s) of about 14 kDa on PAGE which separates into three components on isoelectric focussing. The 9-27 and 1-8U genes are highly interferon-inducible the 1-8D gene is much less so. These differences are mimicked by the activities of the corresponding ISREs placed 5' of a marker gene in expression constructs. They presumably reflect differences in the interaction of the ISREs with the various interferon-inducible and constitutive factors that govern the interferon response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Lewin
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, England
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Ackrill AM, Reid LE, Gilbert CS, Gewert DR, Porter AC, Lewin AR, Stark GR, Kerr IM. Differential response of the human 6-16 and 9-27 genes to alpha and gamma interferons. Nucleic Acids Res 1991; 19:591-8. [PMID: 1901407 PMCID: PMC333653 DOI: 10.1093/nar/19.3.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
9-27 mRNA is expressed to a high level in response to both alpha and gamma interferons. In contrast, 6-16 mRNA is expressed well in response to alpha but very poorly in response to gamma interferon in human cells. The factors governing these different levels of expression were investigated. For both genes the major effect of both interferons is on transcription. A transcriptional bias in the 6-16 promoter/enhancer accounts in large part for the differential response of 6-16 to the two interferons. No single DNA element appears responsible; the smaller the 5' region analysed the lower the absolute activity and the smaller the differential response to alpha and gamma interferons observed. Both the 6-16 and 9-27 mRNAs are very stable and no effect of the interferons on stability was detected. Nor was any direct evidence obtained for preferential processing of the 9-27 mRNA. Nevertheless, differentials between the transcription and accumulation of mature mRNAs, particularly for 6-16 mRNA in response to gamma interferon, suggest that post-transcriptional control(s) must additionally operate. The 9-27 5' promoter/enhancer is much less active than that from 6-16 when placed 5' of a marker gene, despite the similar response of the two genes to alpha interferon.
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Reid LE, Brasnett AH, Gilbert CS, Porter AC, Gewert DR, Stark GR, Kerr IM. A single DNA response element can confer inducibility by both alpha- and gamma-interferons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86:840-4. [PMID: 2492664 PMCID: PMC286573 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.3.840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic and cDNA clones corresponding to 9-27, a member of the human 1-8 gene family highly inducible by alpha- and gamma-interferons (IFNs), have been isolated and characterized. A 1.7-kilobase genomic clone contains a complete functional gene with two exons, encoding a 125-amino acid polypeptide of unknown function. The 5' flanking region of the gene contains a 13-base-pair IFN-stimulable response element (ISRE), homologous to the ISREs of the 6-16, ISG 15, and ISG 54 genes, which are predominantly inducible by IFN-alpha, beta. Analysis of constructs containing native and mutated ISREs suggests that this motif is essential for the response of 9-27 to IFN-gamma as well as IFN-alpha. Furthermore, the 9-27 (GGAAATAGAAACT) and 6-16 (GGGAAAATGAAACT) ISREs can each confer a response to both types of IFN when placed on the 5' side of a marker gene. Since the 6-16 gene does not normally respond to IFN-gamma, the context of the ISRE must determine the specificity of the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Reid
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Abstract
Concepts of health in traditional Groote Eylandt culture are examined, and the difference between these and European concepts are described. The importance of magic as a causal factor in serious illness is noted along with the absence of any specialist medical role. The community basis of health care is highlighted, and the implications of this for the development of more adequate health care measures are discussed.
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