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Cha J, Hong S, Lee J, Gwak J, Kim M, Mok S, Moon HB, Jones PD, Giesy JP, Khim JS. Identification of Mid-Polar and Polar AhR Agonists in Cetaceans from Korean Coastal Waters: Application of Effect-Directed Analysis with Full-Scan Screening. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15644-15655. [PMID: 37787753 PMCID: PMC10586376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Major aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists were identified in extracts of blubber, liver, and muscle from six long-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis) and one fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) collected from Korean coastal waters using effect-directed analysis. Results of the H4IIE-luc bioassay indicated that the polar fractions of blubber and liver extracts from the fin whale exhibited relatively high AhR-mediated potencies. Based on full-scan screening with high-resolution mass spectrometry, 37 AhR agonist candidates, spanning four use categories: pharmaceuticals, pesticides, cosmetics, and natural products, were selected. Among these, five polar AhR agonists were newly identified through toxicological confirmation. Concentrations of polar AhR agonists in cetaceans were tissue-specific, with extracts of blubber and liver containing greater concentrations than muscle extracts. Polar AhR agonists with great log KOA values (>5) were found to biomagnify in the marine food chain potentially. Polar AhR agonists contributed 8.9% of the observed AhR-mediated potencies in blubber and 49% in liver. Rutaecarpine and alantolactone contributed significantly to the total AhR-mediated potencies of blubber, whereas hydrocortisone was a major AhR contributor in the liver of the fin whale. This study is the first to identify the tissue-specific accumulation of polar AhR agonists in blubber and liver extracts of cetaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Cha
- Department
of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam
National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic
of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department
of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam
National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic
of Korea
| | - Junghyun Lee
- School
of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Environmental Education, Kongju National
University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Gwak
- Department
of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam
National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic
of Korea
| | - Mungi Kim
- Department
of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam
National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sori Mok
- Department
of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department
of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic
of Korea
| | - Paul D. Jones
- Department
of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences & Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5B3, Canada
| | - John P. Giesy
- Department
of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences & Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5B3, Canada
- Department
of Integrative Biology and Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798-7266, United States
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School
of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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El Menyiy N, Aboulaghras S, Bakrim S, Moubachir R, Taha D, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Algarni AS, Hermansyah A, Ming LC, Rusu ME, Bouyahya A. Genkwanin: An emerging natural compound with multifaceted pharmacological effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115159. [PMID: 37481929 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant bioactive molecules could play key preventive and therapeutic roles in chronological aging and the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases, often accompanied by increased oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation. Dietary antioxidants, including genkwanin, could decrease oxidative stress and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines or pathways. The present study is the first comprehensive review of genkwanin, a methoxyflavone found in several plant species. Indeed, natural sources, and pharmacokinetics of genkwanin, the biological properties were discussed and highlighted in detail. This review analyzed and considered all original studies related to identification, isolation, quantification, investigation of the biological and pharmacological properties of genkwanin. We consulted all published papers in peer-reviewed journals in the English language from the inception of each database to 12 May 2023. Different phytochemical demonstrated that genkwanin is a non-glycosylated flavone found and isolated from several medicinal plants such as Genkwa Flos, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, and Leonurus sibiricus. In vitro and in vivo biological and pharmacological investigations showed that Genkwanin exhibits remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, genkwanin, via activation of glucokinase, has shown antihyperglycemic activity with a potential role against metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Additionally, it revealed cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and assisting against neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, genkwanin showed other biological properties like antitumor capability, antibacterial, antiviral, and dermato-protective effects. The involved mechanisms include sub-cellular, cellular and molecular actions at different levels such as inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Despite the findings from preclinical studies that have demonstrated the effects of genkwanin and its diverse mechanisms of action, additional research is required to comprehensively explore its therapeutic potential. Primarily, extensive studies should be carried out to enhance our understanding of the molecule's pharmacodynamic actions and pharmacokinetic pathways. Moreover, toxicological and clinical investigations should be undertaken to assess the safety and clinical efficacy of genkwanin. These forthcoming studies are of utmost importance in fully unlocking the potential of this molecule in the realm of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco.
| | - Sara Aboulaghras
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco.
| | - Rania Moubachir
- Bioactives and Environmental Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco.
| | - Doaue Taha
- Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment Laboratory, CERNE2D, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alanood S Algarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia; PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Marius Emil Rusu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
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Hanioka N, Tanaka-Kagawa T, Mori Y, Ikushiro S, Jinno H, Ohkawara S, Isobe T. Regioselective Glucuronidation of Flavones at C5, C7, and C4′ Positions in Human Liver and Intestinal Microsomes: Comparison among Apigenin, Acacetin, and Genkwanin. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1116-1123. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yoko Mori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
| | | | | | - Susumu Ohkawara
- Department of Health Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
| | - Takashi Isobe
- Department of Health Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
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Bian Y, Sun M, Chen H, Ren G, Fu K, Yang N, Zhang M, Zhou N, Lu Y, Li N, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhao D. Metabolites identification and species comparison of Oroxylin A, an anti-cancer Flavonoid, in vitro and in vivo by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:165-176. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.2014080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Bian
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Huili Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Kejia Fu
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Ning Li
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Xijing Chen
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
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Zhong T, Feng M, Su M, Wang D, Li Q, Jia S, Luo F, Wang H, Hu E, Yang X, Fan Y. Qihuzha granule attenuated LPS-induced acute spleen injury in mice via Src/MAPK/Stat3 signal pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114458. [PMID: 34352329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qihuzha granule (QHZG), is one of traditional Chinese patent medicines composed of eleven edible medicinal plant, which has been used in the clinic for the treatment of indigestion and anorexia in children caused by deficiency of the spleen and stomach. Yet it is noteworthy that QHZG has therapeutic effect on recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in children. However, its potential molecular mechanisms remained unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of QHZG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute spleen injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The acute spleen injury model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg) and safe doses of QHZG was administered by gavage once a day for 23 days before LPS treatment. Serum inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-1β, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were tested by ELISA. Related protein levels were detected by Western blotting. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was employed to observe the histological alterations. The distribution of macrophages and neutrophils in the mouse spleen was examined by immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS QHZG pretreatment significantly abolished the increased secretion of cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-1β, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which were attributable to LPS treatment. Immunofluorescence staining and Histological analysis of spleen tissue revealed the protective effect of QHZG against LPS-induced acute spleen injury in mice. Further study indicated that pretreatment with QHZG significantly inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of Src. Accordingly, the increased phosphorylation of Src downstream components (JNK, ERK, P38 and STAT3) induced by LPS was remarkably diminished by QHZG, suggesting the involvement of Src/MAPK/STAT3 pathway in the inhibitory effects of QHZG on spleen injury in mice. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that QHZG protected mice from LPS-induced acute spleen injury via inhibition of Src/MAPK/Stat3 signal pathway. These results suggested that QHZG might serve as a new drug for the treatment of LPS-stimulated spleen injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Min Feng
- Sunflower Pharmaceutical Group (Guizhou) Hongqi Co., Ltd, Liupanshui, 553400, PR China
| | - Minzhi Su
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Daoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Shuqin Jia
- Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Fang Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Sunflower Pharmaceutical Group (Guizhou) Hongqi Co., Ltd, Liupanshui, 553400, PR China
| | - Enming Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Yanhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Zhao H, Liu B, Shu H, Zhang L, Bao M, Yi W, Tan Y, Ji X, Zhang C, Zhao N, Pang G, He D, Wang Y, Li L, Yi J, Lu C. Human serum metabolomic analysis reveals progression for high blood pressure in type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/1/e002337. [PMID: 34711543 PMCID: PMC8557281 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most ordinary metabolic disorders and manifests as a high blood sugar level; 80%-90% of patients with T2DM will develop high blood pressure (HBP), which exacerbates irreversible organ damage. Understanding the metabolic basis of HBP is essential to facilitating early diagnosis and prompt treatments of diabetic complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 34 patients who originally had T2DM and then developed HBP within 1 year were selected from physical examination participants. Using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight metabolomic analysis, we compared the metabolomic profile of patients with 30 healthy controls. The results showed a clear discrimination in metabolomic profiles between T2DM and T2DM+HBP when employing orthogonal projection to latent structure with discriminant analysis with electrospray ionization modes. RESULTS Eight differential metabolites changed significantly during disease progression, among which L-isoleucine, L-glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid and linoleic acid decreased, while sphinganine, Cer(d18:0/16:0), Cer(d18:0/18:0), and citric acid increased. These metabolites are associated with the γ-glutamyl cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and ceramide metabolism. CONCLUSIONS These novel serum biomarkers may improve the management of T2DM and HBP complications, thus reducing the use of incorrect medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Heru Zhao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Liu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Shu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mei Bao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenjun Yi
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Tan
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Ji
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoming Pang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kaifeng, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dan He
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuexi Wang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Cheng Lu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Antibacterial Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis against Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates and Meat-Borne Pathogens. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6677420. [PMID: 34007297 PMCID: PMC8102098 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6677420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background In developing countries, the prevalence of bacterial infections is quite rampant due to several factors such as the HIV/AIDS pandemic, lack of hygiene, overcrowding, and resistance to conventional antimicrobials. Hence the use of plant-based antimicrobial agents could provide a low-cost alternative therapy. Rosmarinus officinalis is reputed as a medicinal plant in Ethiopia; however, its antibacterial activity against many of the clinical isolates remains overlooked. Methods Tender foliage of R. officinalis was collected and extracted in ethanol (EtOH) and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against ten multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates, human type culture pathogens, and meat-borne bacterial isolates by employing agar well diffusion assay. Results EtOH extract of R. officinalis efficiently subdued the growth of all tested MDR clinical isolates in varying degrees. Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be the most sensitive clinical isolates. Likewise, it efficiently repressed the growth of meat-borne pathogens, particularly, S. aureus and Salmonella sp. showing its potentiality to be used as a natural antibacterial agent in the meat processing industry. The mechanism of antibiosis of plant extract against meat-borne pathogens is inferred to be bactericidal. Chemical constituents of the crude plant extract were analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), and UV-visible spectroscopy showing genkwanin (26%), camphor (13%), endo-borneol (13%), alpha-terpineol (12%), and hydroxyhydrocaffeic acid (13%) as the major compounds. Conclusion Overall results of the present study conclude that R. officinalis could be an excellent source of antimicrobial agents for the management of drug-resistant bacteria as well as meat-borne pathogens.
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Ao H, Li Y, Li H, Wang Y, Han M, Guo Y, Shi R, Yue F, Wang X. Preparation of hydroxy genkwanin nanosuspensions and their enhanced antitumor efficacy against breast cancer. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:816-824. [PMID: 32489130 PMCID: PMC8216440 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1770372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxy genkwanin (HGK), a flavonoid compound from natural resources, showed good inhibition against the growth of breast tumor cells. However, the poor solubility restricted the further study and the in vivo drug delivery of HGK. We prepared HGK nanosuspensions by antisolvent precipitation method and investigated their characterization, stability, hemolysis probability, release behavior in vitro, antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo, and preliminary safety through acute toxicity experiments. The resultant HGK nanosuspensions (HGK-NSps) showed an average diameter of (261.1 ± 4.8 nm), a narrow particle size distribution (PDI of 0.12 ± 0.01), spherical morphology, high drug-loading content (39.9 ± 2.3%, w/w), and good stability in various physiological media. HGK-NSps was safe for intravenous injection at low concentration and HGK was slowly released from the obtained nanosuspensions. HGK-NSps showed stronger cytotoxicity than free HGK against many tumor cells in vitro. Especially against MCF-7 cells, the IC50 value was decreased to 1.0 μg/mL, 5-fold lower than the HGK solution. In the in vivo antitumor activity study HGK-NSps (40 mg/kg) displayed a similar therapeutic effect to that of the paclitaxel injection (8 mg/kg). The preliminary acute toxicity test showed that even at the highest dose of 360 mg/kg (iv), HGK-NSps had 100% of mice survival and all the mice were in a good state, suggesting a maximum tolerated dose more than 360 mg/kg. The effective antitumor effect and good tolerance showed HGK-NSps were likely to become a safe and effective antitumor drug for the treatment of breast cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | | | - Haowen Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yian Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Meihua Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yifei Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | | | - Feng Yue
- Guangdong Jiabo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangtao Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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Vieira de Morais D, Rosalen PL, Ikegaki M, de Souza Silva AP, Massarioli AP, de Alencar SM. Active Antioxidant Phenolics from Brazilian Red Propolis: An Optimization Study for Their Recovery and Identification by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020297. [PMID: 33669251 PMCID: PMC7919790 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazilian red propolis (BRP) is a natural product widely known for its phenolic composition and strong antioxidant properties. In this study, we used the Box–Behnken Design (BBD) with Surface Response Methodology to optimize the extraction conditions for total phenolic content (TPC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity(TEAC) of bioactive phenolics from BRP. The extraction time, ethanol/water concentration and temperature, were tested. All variables had significant effects (p ≤ 0.05), with a desirability coefficient of 0.88. Under optimized conditions (90% ethanol at 80 °C for 30 min), the BRP extract showed a TPC of 129.00 ± 2.16 mg GAE/g and a TEAC of 3471.76 ± 53.86 µmol TE/g. Moreover, FRAP and ORAC assays revealed that the optimized BRP extract had 1472.86 ± 72.37 µmol Fe2+/g and 4339.61 ± 114.65 µmol TE/gof dry weight, respectively. Thirty-two phenolic compounds were tentatively identified by LC-QTOF-ESI-MS/MS, of which thirteen were found for the first time in BRP, including four flavones, one flavanol, two flavanones, two chalcones, and four isoflavonoids. Thus, our results highlight the importance of BRP as a source of a wide variety of phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vieira de Morais
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13416-000, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG 37130-001, Brazil; (P.L.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Masaharu Ikegaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG 37130-001, Brazil; (P.L.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Anna Paula de Souza Silva
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13416-000, Brazil; (A.P.d.S.S.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Adna Prado Massarioli
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13416-000, Brazil; (A.P.d.S.S.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13416-000, Brazil;
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13416-000, Brazil; (A.P.d.S.S.); (A.P.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Yin J, Ma Y, Liang C, Wang H, Sun Y, Zhang L, Jia Q. A Complete Study of Farrerol Metabolites Produced in Vivo and in Vitro. Molecules 2019; 24:E3470. [PMID: 31554336 PMCID: PMC6804004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although farrerol, a characteristically bioactive constituent of Rhododendron dauricum L., exhibits extensive biological and pharmacological activities (e.g., anti-oxidant, anti-immunogenic, and anti-angiogenic) as well as a high drug development potential, its metabolism remains underexplored. Herein, we employed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with multiple data post-processing techniques to rapidly identify farrerol metabolites produced in vivo (in rat blood, bile, urine and feces) and in vitro (in rat liver microsomes). As a result, 42 in vivo metabolites and 15 in vitro metabolites were detected, and farrerol shown to mainly undergo oxidation, reduction, (de)methylation, glucose conjugation, glucuronide conjugation, sulfate conjugation, N-acetylation and N-acetylcysteine conjugation. Thus, this work elaborates the metabolic pathways of farrerol and reveals the potential pharmacodynamics forms of farrerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintuo Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Yinling Ma
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Caijuan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Yupeng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
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Li L, Chen Y, Feng X, Yin J, Li S, Sun Y, Zhang L. Identification of Metabolites of Eupatorin in Vivo and in Vitro Based on UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2019; 24:E2658. [PMID: 31340434 PMCID: PMC6680898 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Eupatorin is the major bioactive component of Java tea (Orthosiphon stamineus), exhibiting strong anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, no research on the metabolism of eupatorin has been reported to date. In the present study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with an efficient online data acquisition and a multiple data processing method were developed for metabolite identification in vivo (rat plasma, bile, urine and feces) and in vitro (rat liver microsomes and intestinal flora). A total of 51 metabolites in vivo, 60 metabolites in vitro were structurally characterized. The loss of CH2, CH2O, O, CO, oxidation, methylation, glucuronidation, sulfate conjugation, N-acetylation, hydrogenation, ketone formation, glycine conjugation, glutamine conjugation and glucose conjugation were the main metabolic pathways of eupatorin. This was the first identification of metabolites of eupatorin in vivo and in vitro and it will provide reference and valuable evidence for further development of new pharmaceuticals and pharmacological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luya Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xue Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jintuo Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Shenghao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Yupeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Lantong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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12
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Yin J, Ma Y, Liang C, Gao J, Wang H, Zhang L. A Systematic Study of the Metabolites of Dietary Acacetin in Vivo and in Vitro Based on UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5530-5543. [PMID: 31025561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Acacetin, a dietary component, is abundant in acacia honey and has superior anticancer activities. To date, no research on the metabolism of acacetin has been reported. In the current research, an online detection strategy of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography connected to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was utilized for metabolite identification in vivo (rat plasma, bile, urine, and feces) and in vitro (rat liver microsomes). A total of 31 metabolites were structurally characterized in rats, and 25 metabolites were detected in rat liver microsomes, among which, 4 metabolites were compared with standards. Oxidation, the loss of CH2, reduction, hydrolysis, glucuronide conjugation, sulfate conjugation, methylation, and N-acetylation were the main metabolic pathways of acacetin. This study is the first to characterize acacetin metabolites in vivo and in vitro, and the results of this study offer novel and valuable evidence for a comprehensive understanding of the safety and efficacy of acacetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintuo Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017 , P.R. China
| | - Yinling Ma
- Hebei General Hospital , Shijiazhuang , Hebei 050051 , P.R. China
| | - Caijuan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017 , P.R. China
| | - Jin Gao
- Hebei General Hospital , Shijiazhuang , Hebei 050051 , P.R. China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017 , P.R. China
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017 , P.R. China
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13
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Li L, Feng X, Chen Y, Li S, Sun Y, Zhang L. A comprehensive study of eriocitrin metabolism in vivo and in vitro based on an efficient UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS strategy. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24963-24980. [PMID: 35528661 PMCID: PMC9069865 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Eriocitrin, a main flavonoid in lemons, possesses strong antioxidant, lipid-lowering and anticancer activities and has long been used in food, beverages and wine. However, its metabolism in vivo and in vitro is still unclear. In this study, an efficient strategy was developed to detect and identify metabolites of eriocitrin by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) based on online data acquisition and multiple data processing techniques. A total of 32 metabolites in vivo and 27 metabolites in vitro were obtained based on the above method. Furthermore, the main metabolic pathways of eriocitrin included reduction, hydrogenation, N-acetylation, ketone formation, oxidation, methylation, sulfate conjugation, glutamine conjugation, glycine conjugation, desaturation and demethylation to carboxylic acid. This study will lay a foundation for further studies on the metabolic mechanisms of eriocitrin. 41 metabolites of eriocitrin in vivo and in vitro was identified based on the efficient UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS strategy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Luya Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Shijiazhuang 050000
- P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Hebei Medical University
- Shijiazhuang 050017
- P. R. China
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14
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Zhang X, Yin J, Liang C, Sun Y, Zhang L. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS Method Based on Four-Step Strategy for Metabolism Study of Fisetin in Vitro and in Vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10959-10972. [PMID: 29171267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fisetin has been identified as an anticancer agent with antiangiogenic properties in mice. However, its metabolism in vitro (rat liver microsomes) and in vivo (rats) is presently not characterized. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed for data acquiring, and a four-step analytical strategy was developed to screen and identify metabolites. First, full-scan was applied, which was dependent on a multiple mass defect filter (MMDF) combined with dynamic background subtraction (DBS). Then PeakView 1.2 and Metabolitepilot 1.5 software were used to load data to seek possible metabolites. Finally, metabolites were identified according to mass measurement and retention time. Moreover, isomers were distinguished based on Clog P parameter. Based on the proposed method, 53 metabolites in vivo and 14 metabolites in vitro were characterized. Moreover, metabolic pathways mainly included oxidation, reduction, hydrogenation, methylation, sulfation, and glucuronidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Jintuo Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Caijuan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Yupeng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
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