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Laliga-Mollá M, San Martín-Martínez C, Coll-Planas G, Medina-Martín R. Intimate partner violence in lesbian couples: A systematic review on the barriers to seeking help. JOURNAL OF LESBIAN STUDIES 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38685591 DOI: 10.1080/10894160.2024.2346422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The process of seeking help for violence in lesbian couples is complex due to the variety of factors and actors that can be involved. It is a process in which the women may or may not take action to ask for some kind of support, depending on the stage at which they find themselves. However, even though women may realise that they are in a situation of mistreatment or abuse in their relationship with their partner or ex-partner, there may be barriers that hinder them from seeking help. This paper presents a systematic review of the barriers that lesbian women encounter in seeking help or accessing support systems when they are victims of intimate partner violence. Out of 139 studies reviewed, 120 were selected for further review, and 8 studies meeting the methodological inclusion criteria were finally selected. The results of this research show that psycho-social and legal barriers exist, which, within a system of oppression - heterosexist society - do not occur in isolation, but are inter-related, making it difficult for lesbian women victims of intimate partner violence to seek help or access support services. This review finds limitations in the literature reviewed and makes recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerard Coll-Planas
- Departament of Communication, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rocío Medina-Martín
- Departament of Political Science and Public Law, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Yan E, Lo IPY, Sun R, Chan ASW, Ng HKL, Wu A. Intimate Partner Violence Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Hong Kong. LGBT Health 2024. [PMID: 38563664 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence rates of various types of intimate partner violence (IPV) among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults in Hong Kong and examined the associations between IPV and different addictive behavior and mental health problems. Methods: A total of 759 LGB adults completed an online cross-sectional survey between November 2021 and February 2022. Data on past-year IPV and LGB-specific tactics (whether perpetrated or experienced by participants), addictive behavior, anxiety, depression, and demographics were collected and analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistic regressions. Results: Psychological aggression was the most common type of IPV within an LGB relationship (22.1%), followed by physical assault (10.8%) and IPV-related injury (4.1%). LGB-specific tactics were experienced by 39.0% of the LGB adults. Depression, anxiety, and frequent gambling were significantly associated with specific types of IPV and LGB-specific tactics. Conclusion: IPV was prevalent in the LGB population. Findings on correlates provided insights for future development of IPV detection and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsie Yan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Iris Po Yee Lo
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rongwei Sun
- School of Arts and Humanities, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alex Siu Wing Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Haze Ka Lai Ng
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Anise Wu
- Department of Psychology, University of Macao, Macao, Macao
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Garay-Villarroel L, Castrechini-Trotta A, Armadans-Tremolosa I. Risk Factors Linked to Violence in Female Same-Sex Couples in Hispanic America: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2456. [PMID: 37685489 PMCID: PMC10487161 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) among women is an understudied topic in Hispanic Americans; therefore, we aim to describe this phenomenon and its associated risk factors in comparison with other sexual orientations and practices. A scoping review was carried out using the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Redalyc, Scielo.org, and Dialnet. The following keywords were used: same-sex, intragender, couple, domestic, and partner violence. The inclusion criteria applied were studies published between 2000 and 2022 with a minimum participation of 15% of Hispanic Americans, resulting in 23 articles. The findings showed a lower presence of studies on violence in women compared to men. Minority stress, power dynamics, social support, and childhood experiences of violence, which are related and complementary to each other, were identified as risk factors. We concluded that there is little research on IPV among women. In addition, studies require a renewed focus to comprehend this type of violence, which cannot be equated with those of heterosexual couples. This approach continues to perpetuate the invisibility of this problem, and, therefore, a more inclusive and specific perspective is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Garay-Villarroel
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.G.-V.); (I.A.-T.)
| | - Angela Castrechini-Trotta
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.G.-V.); (I.A.-T.)
- PsicoSAO—Research Group in Social, Environmental and Organizational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Immaculada Armadans-Tremolosa
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.G.-V.); (I.A.-T.)
- PsicoSAO—Research Group in Social, Environmental and Organizational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Davis GE. Reacting to Non-Prototypical Victims: Blame, Empathy, and Willingness to Label Sexual Assaults of Men and Sexual Minority Victims. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:7457-7484. [PMID: 36597264 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221145709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sexual assault is prevalent in the U.S. society, with an estimated 16% of women and 8% of men experiencing some form of sexual violence during their lifetime (Breiding, 2014). Sexual violence crosses all identity lines; however, legislation, cultural representation, and academic scholarship on sexual violence has historically been limited to assaults against women perpetrated by men. This dominant analysis of sexual assault focuses on the impact of sexism on sexual violence, neglecting the impact off other forms of oppression and attitudes related to sexuality and gender. This dominant representation leaves non-prototypical victims, such as men, people of other genders, and sexual minorities of all genders, less visible and less understood. This underrepresentation may lead to negative reactions toward these victims including blame, exoneration of the perpetrator, and reluctance to acknowledge assaults. In the current study, I explored the impact of both victim gender and sexual orientation on reactions to a hypothetical intimate partner sexual assault victim. Results indicated that perpetrators who assaulted a man were blamed less than those who assaulted a woman. Furthermore, study participants had more empathy for women who were assaulted than they did for men. There were no differences in participants' negative reactions to victims by sexual orientation. Results suggest that, while some advances have been made in public support for sexual assault victims, these advances may not extend yet to men as victims.
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Ummak E, Toplu-Demirtaş E, Aracı-İyiaydın A. Internalized Heterosexism and Exposed Psychological Intimate Partner Violence: Experiences of Lesbian and Bisexual Women in Turkey and Denmark. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2023; 38:213-233. [PMID: 37011948 DOI: 10.1891/vv-2021-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigates how associations between internalized heterosexism (IH) and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization differ for lesbian vs. bisexual (LB) women in Denmark, where queer people are relatively well accepted, and Turkey, where discrimination is still very high. The first purpose of the current study is to explore differences in the prevalence of psychological IPV victimization as a function of sexual orientation (LB women) and country (Denmark and Turkey). As the second purpose, we look at the moderating role of sexual orientation and moderated moderating role of country on the association between IH and psychological IPV victimization. A sample of 257 LB women aged 18-71 years (M = 33.23, SD = 11.15) from Denmark and 152 LB women aged 18-52 years (M = 28.88, SD = 7.70) from Turkey participated. The results of chi-square analyses indicate that LB women from Turkey reported significantly higher psychological IPV victimization than LB women from Denmark. Lesbian than bisexual women from both countries reported more hostile withdrawal and dominance/intimidation-related psychological IPV victimization. The results of moderated moderation analyses reveal that lesbian women in Turkey and bisexual women in Denmark with higher IH were more likely to report experiencing denigration acts. Mental health professionals working with queer psychological IPV survivors may benefit from understanding that IH is associated with LB women's victimization of psychological IPV, which might be further associated with mental health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Ummak
- VID Specialized University, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ayşegül Aracı-İyiaydın
- Lecturer, Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, TED University, Ankara, Turkey
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6
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Reis E, Arriaga P, Moleiro C. Men Who Suffered Intimate Partner Violence: Impressions About Existing Public Campaigns and Recommendations for New Ones. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:3534-3562. [PMID: 35920403 PMCID: PMC9850386 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221108075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades, the negative effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) directed at men in abusive different-sex and same-sex relationships have been increasingly investigated. Men who are the targets of IPV face many barriers to help-seeking, and to overcome them, public awareness campaigns have been developed. Women who experienced IPV have found campaigns targeting them to be harmful and misleading, and previous research suggests that following the principles of formative evaluation research may improve campaigns' effectiveness and reduce unwanted negative effects. This article documents the theory-based formative evaluation research conducted with 14 men abused in different-sex and same-sex relationships for the creation of targeted campaigns. Through semi-structured interviews, men were asked about their overall knowledge of campaigns, their thoughts about specific pictorial IPV campaigns, and their suggestions for the development of new campaigns. Thematic analysis and a theoretically grounded coding scheme were used to analyze the content of the interviews with high interrater reliability. Overall, our results indicate that most men were not aware of campaigns in Portugal, and their impressions about the ones they recalled were mixed. Most men praised clear messages informing forms of violence, while some responded negatively to the inclusion of words such as "shame" and "victim" and the depiction of bruises. They also considered that future campaigns targeting men should portray "real people" like them and provide information on self-efficacy, the efficacy of recommended responses, and threat susceptibility. Our findings are consistent with previous evidence with women who experienced IPV but also provide theoretically grounded novel contributions and highlight the importance of considering the population of interest's insights when developing and testing new campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Reis
- CIS-ISCTE/ISCTE-Instituto Universitário
de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Arriaga
- CIS-ISCTE/ISCTE-Instituto Universitário
de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Moleiro
- CIS-ISCTE/ISCTE-Instituto Universitário
de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Berrut S, Descuves A, Romanens-Pythoud S, Jeannot E. Santé sexuelle et reproductive des femmes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des femmes en Suisse. SANTE PUBLIQUE (VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY, FRANCE) 2023; 34:133-143. [PMID: 37336727 DOI: 10.3917/spub.hs2.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of lesbians and other women who have sex with women (WSW) remains largely unexplored in Switzerland. A cross-sectional web- and pa-per-based survey was conducted in 2012. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH The aim of this study was to gain more knowledge on the SRH of the WSW in French-speaking Switzerland in order to inform preventive activities and promote more adequate SRH services for these women. RESULTS Sexual practices between women are very diverse, some of them potentially risky in terms of transmitting various STIs, but 71% of WSW never practice safer sex or other risk reduction strategies for HIV and other STIs with their female partners. Only 69% have had a gynecological check-up in the last 3 years. 16% had one or more children. 29% reported having experienced violence in a lesbian relationship. CONCLUSIONS Specific information on SRH should be developed to match the specificities and needs of WSW and more research is needed on their SRH, their risk regarding breast cancer and ways to improve the cultural sensitivity and knowledge of gynecologists and other health care providers towards their lesbian, bisexual and other WSW patients.
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Eric S. Reyes M, Camille M. Alday A, Jay J. Aurellano A, Raven R. Escala S, Ermelo V. Hernandez P, Esrom P. Matienzo J, Marian R. Panaguiton K, Charmaine C. Tan A, Zsila Á. Minority Stressors and Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence Among Lesbian and Gay Individuals. SEXUALITY & CULTURE 2022; 27:930-950. [PMID: 36531155 PMCID: PMC9739342 DOI: 10.1007/s12119-022-10046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minority individuals experience more intimate partner violence (IPV) than those in heterosexual relationships. Issues of mistrust, stigma, and anticipation of abuse contribute to these rates. Lesbian and gay IPV victims have distinct experiences from their abuses with exposure to homophobia, heterosexism, discrimination, and threats of sexual disclosure, among others. These unique and additive minority stressors can lead to adverse health concerns, increase vulnerability to victimization, and elevate abuse perpetration. This study aimed to investigate whether experiences of minority stressors are associated with attitudes toward intimate partner violence among a sample of 240 lesbian and gay Filipinos (155 lesbian and 85 gay participants) aged 20 to 40. Through convenience sampling, lesbian and gay Filipinos completed the Sexual Minority Stress Scale (SMSS) and Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scale-Revised (IPVAS-Revised). Comparing the minority stressors levels among the participants, lesbians expressed higher expectations of rejection, while gay men experienced more sexual minority adverse events. Lesbians also reported higher satisfaction with outness. Regarding IPV, gay men expressed slightly more favorable attitudes toward abuse, which could make them at risk of becoming victims or perpetrators. Internalized homophobia was associated with more favorable attitudes toward abuse and control, indicating its contribution to more favorable IPV attitudes, although the explanatory power was modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Eric S. Reyes
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Angeli Camille M. Alday
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Alexa Jay J. Aurellano
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Sahara Raven R. Escala
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - John Esrom P. Matienzo
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Angeli Charmaine C. Tan
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ágnes Zsila
- Institute of Psychology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
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Kar A, Das N, Broadway-Horner M, Kumar P. Intimate Partner Violence in Same-Sex Relationships: Are We Aware of the Implications? JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSEXUAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/26318318221134268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been a significant public health problem in same-sex relationships. However, health policies across the globe do not address IPV causing a massive gap in health and economic burden. In the last decade, crucial missing links have been established, and researchers tried to connect the dots of this severe health disparity. This intersectionality has found the impact of race, gender, class, physical ability, and legal framework of IPV in lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) relationships. However, preventive strategies, training programs, and dialogues in the clinical field about IPV are from heteronormative lenses. This particular bias can perpetuate the issue and will remain one of the leading causes of health burden in the LGB population. This article reviews the lacunae in health policies regarding same-sex IPV, highlights its impact on minority mental health, and calls for attention to train health-care professionals regarding the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Kar
- Advanced Neuropsychiatry Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Nabagata Das
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Matt Broadway-Horner
- Department of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, New Craig’s Hospital, NHS Highland, United Kingdom
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Ronzón-Tirado R, Charak R, Cano-Gonzalez I, Karsberg S, Schnarrs PW. Latent Classes of Bidirectional Face-to-Face and Cyber Intimate Partner Violence Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Emerging Adults: The Role of Minority Stressors. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP21092-NP21118. [PMID: 34839733 PMCID: PMC10704391 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211055158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rates of intimate partner violence have been found to be higher among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals when compared with heterosexual populations. However, lesser is known about the impact of specific minority stressors experienced by LGB populations on their face-to-face intimate partner violence (IPV) and cyber IPV experiences. Using a three-step latent class approach, the present study investigated (i) the latent classes of self-reported types of face-to-face IPV and cyber IPV perpetration and victimization and (ii) their associations with LGB distal and proximal minority stressors (i.e., vicarious trauma, discrimination, family rejection, and LGB-identity disclosure). Participants were 288 LGB emerging adults in the age range of 18-29 years (bisexual: n = 168, gay: n = 72, and lesbian: n = 48). Findings showed the presence of four latent classes, namely, face-to-face IPV (n = 32; 37.5% gay, 18.8% lesbian, and 43.8% bisexual individuals), cyber IPV (n = 66; 33.3% gay, 12.1% lesbian, and 54.5% bisexual individuals), psychological and stalking cyber IPV (n = 89; 15.7% gay, 15.7% lesbian, and 68.5% bisexual individuals), and low IPV (n = 101; 23.8% gay, 19.8% lesbian, and 56.4% bisexual individuals). Furthermore, multinomial logistic regressions indicated that greater exposure to the minority stressors such as exposure to heterosexism, namely, discrimination and harassment, rejection from one's family of origin, and exposure to vicarious trauma, as well as a lower degree of LGB-identity disclosure, largely predicted latent classes with greater probabilities of IPV exposure, namely, cyber IPV, face-to-face IPV classes, and psychological and stalking cyber IPV. Findings suggest the importance of addressing the role of minority stressors in IPV interventions and the creation of competent LGB-related services and training modules for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Ronzón-Tirado
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruby Charak
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Ines Cano-Gonzalez
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Sidsel Karsberg
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Phillip W. Schnarrs
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Hine B, Wallace S, Bates EA. Understanding the Profile and Needs of Abused Men: Exploring Call Data From a Male Domestic Violence Charity in the United Kingdom. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP16992-NP17022. [PMID: 34182828 PMCID: PMC9682499 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211028014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Current understandings on service engagement by male victims of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) within the United Kingdom (UK) have generally been captured by qualitative research. As such, large-scale quantitative data detailing the profile, needs and outcomes of abused men, upon both presentation and use of services, is currently lacking. The present study analyzed the client data of 719 callers to a domestic abuse helpline for men in the UK. Findings showed that the overwhelming majority of callers reported they were abused by female perpetrators, most of whom were still their current partner, and that many of the men were fathers. Vulnerable populations (GBTQ+ and disabled men) were under-represented in the sample. Most men were seeking emotional support, along with a range of practical advice and signposting to other services. The confidentiality of the helpline was crucial for many men, and almost half had struggled to access the service (suggesting a severe lack of resourcing). Findings are discussed in relation to the need for gender-inclusive services, which cater for the unique challenges and barriers experienced by abused men.
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12
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Blosnich JR. Interpersonal and self-directed violence among sexual and gender minority populations: Moving research from prevalence to prevention. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2022; 9:142-160. [PMID: 36845319 PMCID: PMC9957556 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-022-00299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review This scoping review of reviews aimed to detail the breadth of violence research about sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in terms of the three generations of health disparities research (i.e., documenting, understanding, and reducing disparities). Recent findings Seventy-three reviews met inclusion criteria. Nearly 70% of the reviews for interpersonal violence and for self-directed violence were classified as first-generation studies. Critical third-generation studies were considerably scant (7% for interpersonal violence and 6% for self-directed violence). Summary Third-generation research to reduce or prevent violence against SGM populations must account for larger scale social environmental dynamics. Sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data collection has increased in population-based health surveys, but administrative datasets (e.g., health care, social services, coroner and medical examiner offices, law enforcement) must begin including SOGI to meet the needs of scaled public health interventions to curb violence among SGM communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Blosnich
- University of Southern California, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, 669 W 34 St., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240, USA
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Lin K, Hu R, Wang X, Xue J. Female Same-Sex Bidirectional Intimate Partner Violence in China. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP6881-NP6902. [PMID: 33092433 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520959624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although there exists a growing body of research on female same-sex intimate partner violence (FSSIPV) as well as bidirectional intimate partner violence (BIPV) among lesbian women, much of this literature focuses on the IPV experience of women living in Western societies such as the United States. The current study represents the very first to explore BIPV among lesbian women in China. In this study, we analyze a survey sample of 225 self-identified lesbian women in China to examine FSSBIPV patterns, pattern-specific rates, and risk factors of FSSBIPV. Using the Latent Class Analysis technique, we discover three main patterns of partner abuse, including bidirectional psychological violence (60%), bidirectional violence multiple types with physical abuse (79.1%), and minimal violence (20.9%). Logistic regressions show that there is no significant demographic, socioeconomic, or attitudinal difference between the bidirectional psychological violence group and the minimal violence group while being younger, cohabitating, and holding pro-IPV attitudes significantly predicted higher odds of experiencing multiple types of bidirectional violence. Contributions to the literature, as well as policy implications, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lin
- California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ran Hu
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiying Wang
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic China
| | - Jia Xue
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Blais M, Hébert M, Bergeron FA, Lapierre A. Dating Violence Experiences among Youths with Same-gender and Multi-gender Dating Partners: A Dyadic Concordance Type Approach. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP3981-NP4005. [PMID: 32907457 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520957688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dating violence (DV) among youth is widespread and is now established as a significant public health problem. Yet, few studies have assessed DV experiences among youth with same-gender or multi-gender dating partners, and most failed to consider bidirectional DV. We analyzed self-reported dyadic concordance types (DCTs) among 295 youths (52% girls) who dated same-gender and multi-gender partners in the last 12 months using an adapted version of the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory. Youths were classified in one of three DCTs: self-only (unidirectional perpetration of DV by the participant), partner-only (unidirectional victimization perpetrated by their partner) or both (bidirectional DV, where partners are both perpetrators and victims of DV). Overall prevalence rates of DV among sexual minority youths (SMYs) range from 11.5% for threats, to 51.2% for psychological violence, with physical and sexual violence reported by about one-fourth of participants. The both DCT was the most common pattern for psychological (59.6%) and physical (50.6%) DV across gender, while most threatening behaviors were reported as perpetrated by the partner only (47.1%). Girls were more likely to report sexual DV as partner-only perpetrated (63.6%), whereas boys reported higher rates of both (44.2%) and self-only (34.9%) perpetrated sexual violence. Because healthy intimate relationships can play a supportive and positive role in transitioning toward adulthood, it is crucial that DV prevention becomes more inclusive of sexual and gender diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Blais
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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15
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Hine B, Bates EA, Wallace S. "I Have Guys Call Me and Say 'I Can't Be the Victim of Domestic Abuse'": Exploring the Experiences of Telephone Support Providers for Male Victims of Domestic Violence and Abuse. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP5594-NP5625. [PMID: 32727270 PMCID: PMC8980445 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520944551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
While previous studies have begun to provide evidence on the experiences of male victims of domestic violence and abuse (DVA), current understanding in this area is still limited, and subject to narrow methods of inquiry. Moreover, little is known regarding the challenges of providing support to men in abusive relationships, and how barriers to effective service engagement are experienced by both men and service practitioners. This is an important area for exploration, as the gender-specific experiences and needs of men have been historically overlooked within academic research and service provision. The present study therefore had two principal aims: first, to provide more detailed information regarding the nature and context of abuse toward, and help-seeking experiences of, male victims, and second, to explore the experiences of those supporting abused men. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four call handlers at a U.K. domestic abuse charity supporting male victims. Transcribed interviews were subjected to thematic analysis, revealing a superordinate theme of stereotypes and expectations of men which affected all the other three overarching and eight subthemes, including those detailing the range and severity of abuse suffered, the role of family and friends, barriers to reporting for abused men, and challenges in supporting them. Implications for services working with male victims of DVA are discussed: centered around the need for recognition, increased awareness, increased resourcing, and the provision of gender-inclusive services catering for the gender-specific needs of men.
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Stephens-Lewis D, Johnson A, Huntley A, Gilchrist E, McMurran M, Henderson J, Feder G, Howard LM, Gilchrist G. Interventions to Reduce Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration by Men Who Use Substances: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2021; 22:1262-1278. [PMID: 31711372 PMCID: PMC8649458 DOI: 10.1177/1524838019882357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the high prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration by men who use substances, limited evidence exists about how best to reduce IPV among this group. METHOD A systematic narrative review with meta-analysis determined the effectiveness of interventions to reduce IPV by men who use substances. Inclusion criteria were randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials; adult heterosexual male IPV perpetrators where at least 60% of participants were alcohol and/or drug users; the intervention targeted IPV with or without targeting substance use (SU); outcomes included perpetrator and/or victim reports of IPV, SU, or both. Methodological quality was assessed. RESULTS Nine trials (n = 1,014 men) were identified. Interventions were grouped into (1) integrated IPV and SU interventions (n = 5), (2) IPV interventions with adjunct SU interventions (n = 2), and (3) stand-alone IPV interventions (n = 2). Cognitive behavioral and motivational interviewing therapies were the most common approaches. Data from individual trials showed a reduction in SU outcomes in the short term (≤3months; n = 2 trials) and IPV perpetration at different time points (n = 3 trials) for interventions compared with treatment as usual (TAU). Meta-analysis with integrated IPV and SU interventions showed no difference in SU (n = 3 trials) or IPV outcomes (n = 4 trials) versus SU TAU. CONCLUSIONS Little evidence exists for effective interventions for male IPV perpetrators who use substances. Outcomes in integrated interventions were not superior to TAU in meta-analysis. Future trials should consider the nature of the relationship between IPV and SU in intervention design, duration of intervention, and type and timing of outcome measures. .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Johnson
- Centre for Violence Prevention, University of
Worcester, UK
| | - Alyson Huntley
- Department of Population Health Sciences,
Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Juliet Henderson
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of
Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - Gene Feder
- Department of Population Health Sciences,
Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Louise M. Howard
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of
Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of
Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
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Li X, Cao H, Zhou N, Mills-Koonce R. Internalized Homophobia and Relationship Quality among Same-Sex Couples: The Mediating Role of Intimate Partner Violence. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2021; 68:1749-1773. [PMID: 31860388 PMCID: PMC7305039 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2019.1705671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Based on a geographically and socioeconomically diverse sample of 144 same-sex couples and using a dyadic approach (i.e., the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model [APIMeM] with interchangeable dyads), this study examined the association between internalized homophobia and same-sex relationship quality, and also tested the potential mediating role of intimate partner violence perpetration in this association. Results indicated that individuals' own and their partners' psychological violence perpetration mediated the negative associations from individuals' own internalized homophobia to individuals' own and their partner's relationship quality. Such findings contribute to the understanding of mechanisms underlying the harmful effects of sexual minority stressors for same-sex relationship well-being. Implications for interventions were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- Department of Family Studies and Human Development, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Hongjian Cao
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Roger Mills-Koonce
- School of Education, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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18
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Battista SD, Paolini D, Pivetti M, Biondi P, Balsamo M, Carlucci L, Cigliano IA, Mazzoni S. Emotional abuse among Lesbian Italian women: Relationship consequences, help-seeking and disclosure behaviors. JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2020.1843582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Battista
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Daniele Paolini
- Department of Education Science, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Pivetti
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Michela Balsamo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Leonardo Carlucci
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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McKay T, Lindquist CH, Misra S. Understanding (and Acting On) 20 Years of Research on Violence and LGBTQ + Communities. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2019; 20:665-678. [PMID: 29334007 DOI: 10.1177/1524838017728708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Questions related to violence, vulnerability, and sexual and gender minorities continuing to occupy a focal place in U.S. public discourse. We reviewed findings from 20 years of research on that topic to make recommendations for policy, practice, and future research. This article synthesizes findings from 102 peer-reviewed articles as well as a small number of unpublished studies and grey literature. We found no data to support the idea (widespread in popular discourse) that those in the sexual or gender majority require protection from sexual or gender minority individuals. Instead, this wide body of research indicates that sexual and gender minorities are themselves at elevated risk for physical and sexual assault, harassment, bullying, and hate crime victimization throughout childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Contradicting the image of hate crimes as perpetrated by strangers or acquaintances, we find that bias-related verbal abuse, physical, and sexual assault by close family members contribute heavily to observed victimization rates. Further, despite the perception that society is becoming more welcoming, victimization disparities appear to be stable or widening since the 1990s. More studies with probabilistic sampling approaches, standardized measures, and larger samples of gender minorities are needed. However, widespread victimization of sexual and gender minorities is clearly an urgent issue, demanding attention from clinicians, program developers, and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasseli McKay
- Violence and Victimization Research Program, Center for Justice, Safety and Resilience, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christine H Lindquist
- Courts and Corrections Research Program, Center for Justice, Safety and Resilience, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shilpi Misra
- Transnational Crime and Justice Research Program, Center for Justice, Safety and Resilience, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA
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20
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Badenes-Ribera L, Sánchez-Meca J, Longobardi C. The Relationship Between Internalized Homophobia and Intimate Partner Violence in Same-Sex Relationships: A Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2019; 20:331-343. [PMID: 29333955 DOI: 10.1177/1524838017708781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between internalized homophobia and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimization in same-sex relationships. The literature search and the application of the inclusion criteria made it possible to identify 10 studies, 2 of which were excluded due to missing data. Therefore, eight studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed positive and statistically significant associations between internalized homophobia and IPV perpetration and victimization, indicating that higher levels of internalized homophobia were related to higher levels of IPV. Specifically, the pooled effect size for the relationship between internalized homophobia and IPV perpetration (all forms), it was r+ = .147, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [.079, .214]; for the association between internalized homophobia and physical/sexual IPV perpetration, it was r+ = .166, 95% CI [.109, .221]; p < .0001; for the relationship between internalized homophobia and psychological IPV perpetration, it was r+ = .145, 95% CI [.073, .216]; and for the association between internalized homophobia and any type of IPV victimization, it was r+ = .102, 95% CI [.030, .173]. Implications of these results for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Badenes-Ribera
- 1 Department of Methodology of the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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21
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Walls NE, Atteberry-Ash B, Kattari SK, Peitzmeier S, Kattari L, Langenderfer-Magruder L. Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, Mental Health, and Bullying as Predictors of Partner Violence in a Representative Sample of Youth. J Adolesc Health 2019; 64:86-92. [PMID: 30392863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Partner violence (PV) is prevalent among US adolescents, though little is known about its prevalence and correlates across gender identities and sexual orientations. Existing research has frequently placed lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB), questioning, and transgender adolescents in the same category, obscuring potential differences in risk of PV. METHODS This study (N = 9,352) uses the 2015 Healthy Kids Colorado Study, a statewide representative survey, to explore how sexual orientation and gender identity are associated with PV victimization among high-school youth, and whether there is a relationship between mental health and bullying victimization and PV. RESULTS Out of all youth who dated in the past year, 9.4% reported experiencing past-year PV. Compared to their cisgender heterosexual peers, cisgender LGB youth (AOR = 1.48 [1.17, 1.86]) and cisgender questioning youth (AOR = 1.68 [1.13, 2.48]) had elevated risk of experiencing PV. Transgender youth, particularly those who are both transgender and LGB (AOR = 3.25 [2.02, 5.22]) or transgender and questioning their sexual orientation (AOR = 8.57 [4.28, 17.16]), had the highest risk of PV. Depressive symptoms (AOR = 1.99 [1.67, 2.37]), suicidality (AOR = 1.83 [1.62, 2.06]), bullying victimization (AOR = 1.58 [1.31, 1.91]), and online bullying victimization (AOR = 1.98 [1.62, 2.06]) were associated with PV. CONCLUSIONS LGB, questioning and transgender high school students are at elevated risk of PV, with the highest risk among those who are both LGB and transgender. Adolescents who report PV are also more likely to be struggling with bullying, depression, and suicidality. PV prevention and response interventions should use intersectional approaches responsive to the unique needs of LGBT youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Eugene Walls
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado.
| | | | - Shanna K Kattari
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Leo Kattari
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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23
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Daniel H, Erickson SM, Bornstein SS, Kane GC, Gantzer HE, Henry TL, Lenchus JD, Li JM, McCandless BM, Nalitt BR, Viswanathan L, Murphy CJ, Azah AM, Marks L. Women's Health Policy in the United States: An American College of Physicians Position Paper. Ann Intern Med 2018; 168:874-875. [PMID: 29809243 DOI: 10.7326/m17-3344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this position paper, the American College of Physicians (ACP) examines the challenges women face in the U.S. health care system across their lifespans, including access to care; sex- and gender-specific health issues; variation in health outcomes compared with men; underrepresentation in research studies; and public policies that affect women, their families, and society. ACP puts forward several recommendations focused on policies that will improve the health outcomes of women and ensure a health care system that supports the needs of women and their families over the course of their lifespans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Daniel
- American College of Physicians, Washington, DC (H.D., S.M.E.)
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24
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Wathen CN, MacGregor JCD, Tanaka M, MacQuarrie BJ. The impact of intimate partner violence on the health and work of gender and sexual minorities in Canada. Int J Public Health 2018; 63:945-955. [PMID: 29868929 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intimate partner violence (IPV) has significant impacts on workers and workplaces. This paper examines the experiences of gender and sexual minority (GSM) people in this context. METHODS People aged 15 and older completed an online survey on the impacts of IPV at work, and brief health and life quality questions. Of 7918 respondents, 8.5% (n = 672) indicated GSM status. We examined IPV exposure, health and IPV-related work impacts by overall GSM status, and separately by sexual orientation, and gender. RESULTS GSM respondents were significantly more likely to report IPV and that the IPV continued at or near their workplace, impeded their ability to get to work, negatively impacted their work performance, and their co-workers; they also reported poorer mental health and life quality. While women were significantly more likely to report IPV and various negative work and health outcomes, being a sexual minority had additional independent negative effects. No differences in willingness to disclose IPV were found. CONCLUSIONS Workplace responses to IPV should account for the additional impacts and barriers faced by GSM people in disclosing abuse and seeking help.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nadine Wathen
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, FIMS-Nursing Building, Room 4049, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
- PreVAiL Research Network, London, Canada.
- Centre for Research and Education on Violence Against Women and Children, London, Canada.
| | - Jennifer C D MacGregor
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, FIMS-Nursing Building, Room 4049, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
- PreVAiL Research Network, London, Canada
- Centre for Research and Education on Violence Against Women and Children, London, Canada
| | - Masako Tanaka
- PreVAiL Research Network, London, Canada
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Barbara J MacQuarrie
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, FIMS-Nursing Building, Room 4049, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
- Centre for Research and Education on Violence Against Women and Children, London, Canada
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25
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Plichta SB. Translating Research to Practice for Sexual Minority Youth Affected by Intimate Partner Violence. J Adolesc Health 2018; 62:647-648. [PMID: 29784110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey B Plichta
- Department of Health Policy & Management, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York
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