1
|
Royle ML, Connolly EJ. Changes in Restless Sleep, Self-Control, and Alcohol-Related Problems with Police from Late Adolescence to Adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1728-1742. [PMID: 38446288 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Sleep quality is crucial for healthy adolescent brain development, which has downstream effects on self-control and involvement in risky behaviors, such as alcohol use. While previous studies have found that sleep and facets of self-control are associated with patterns of alcohol use, few have assessed whether these constructs are tied to alcohol-related problems with law enforcement during the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood. The current study uses self-report panel data from ages 16 to 27 from a population-based sample of U.S. youth (N = 956; 36.86% female). The goal of the current study is to assess the association between changes in restless sleep, impulsivity, sensation seeking, and problems with police during or shortly after consuming alcohol from adolescence to adulthood to begin to address this gap in the existing literature. Results from a multivariate latent growth curve model reveal that faster increases in restless sleep and slower declines in impulsivity are associated with slower declines in police contact. Correlated changes between restless sleep, impulsivity, and police contact are slightly greater from ages 16-21 than for ages 22-27, with males showing stronger associations. The reported results suggest that identifying developmental mechanisms between changes in poor sleep, impulsivity, and alcohol use behaviors during this life-course phase will be crucial moving forward to help divert youth away from alcohol-related contact with the police.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L Royle
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, 77340, USA.
| | - Eric J Connolly
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, 77340, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Linden-Carmichael AN, Chiang SC, Miller SE, Mogle J. A latent profile analysis of blackout drinking behavior among young adults. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 248:109905. [PMID: 37172448 PMCID: PMC10330532 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blackout drinking, or alcohol-induced memory loss during a drinking occasion, is associated with additional negative alcohol-related outcomes. Brief motivational interventions targeting higher-risk alcohol use behavior have largely ignored blackout drinking. Including personalized information on blackout drinking could maximize intervention impact. To move toward incorporating content on blackout drinking in prevention and intervention materials, it is imperative to understand individual-level differences in blackout drinking. The current study aimed to identify latent profiles of young adults based on blackout drinking experiences and to examine person-level predictors and outcomes associated with profile membership. METHOD Participants were 542 young adults (ages 18-30) who reported 1+ past-year blackout episodes. Fifty-three percent of participants were female and 64% identified as non-Hispanic/Latinx white. RESULTS Four latent profiles were identified based on blackout drinking frequency, blackout intentions, blackout expectancies, and age of first blackout: Low-Risk Blackout (35% of the sample), Experimental Blackout (23%), At-Risk Blackout (16%), and High-Risk Blackout (26%). Profiles varied by demographic, personality, and cognition- and alcohol-related behaviors. Notably, At-Risk and High-Risk Blackout profiles had the highest alcohol use disorder risk, most memory lapses and cognitive concerns, and highest levels of impulsivity traits. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the multifaceted nature of blackout drinking experiences and perceptions. Profiles were differentiated across person-level predictors and outcomes, which identify potential intervention targets and individuals at heightened alcohol-related risk. A more comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity of blackout drinking characteristics may be useful for early detection and intervention of problematic alcohol use predictors and patterns among young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shou-Chun Chiang
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, United States
| | - Sara E Miller
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fazeli PL, Cheatwood JD, Hopkins C, Vance DE, Shirey MR, Azuero A, Crowe M. Association between personality and cognitive performance in middle-aged and older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023; 30:279-288. [PMID: 34167406 PMCID: PMC9045538 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1935954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly half of adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND), characterized by cognitive impairments in two or more cognitive domains, which can interfere with everyday functioning. Many factors are thought to influence such cognitive impairments in adults with HIV; one factor seldom examined is personality. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between five major dimensions of personality (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) and cognitive function in older adults with HIV. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a secondary data analysis was conducted on 261 HIV + participants. Participants completed a norm-based cognitive battery covering seven cognitive domains, which yielded the following indices: global cognitive impairment, and global and domain-specific T-scores. The Big Five Inventory was used to assess personality traits. RESULTS Higher openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness were associated with better performance on individual cognitive domains while agreeableness and openness were also positively associated with global cognitive T-scores (p < .01). Only openness significantly predicted global cognition when adjusting for covariates (p < .01). DISCUSSION Openness was associated with better global cognitive function in persons with HIV. This study provides a basis for further investigation of potential mechanisms for the association between personality and cognition in people with HIV in order to ultimately inform intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pariya L. Fazeli
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - John D. Cheatwood
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Cierra Hopkins
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - David E. Vance
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Maria R. Shirey
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Andres Azuero
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Michael Crowe
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dell NA, Prasad Srivastava S, Vaughn MG, Salas-Wright C, Hai AH, Qian Z. Binge drinking in early adulthood: A machine learning approach. Addict Behav 2022; 124:107122. [PMID: 34598011 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking among young adults (18-25) has been recognized as a public health concern. Considerable variation among drinking behaviors have been found among this group. Several statistical methods are available to identify theoretically and empirically meaningful correlates of binge drinking. The present study evaluated three methods for identifying correlates of binge drinking, comparing logistic regression to two machine learning methods-classification tress and random forests. While each model identified similar correlates of binge drinking-such as propensity for engaging in risky behaviors, marijuana dependence, cocaine dependence, identifying as non-Hispanic white, and higher education-the AUC analysis showed that the random forest analysis more accurately classified positive cases of binge drinking. Random forests modelling of psychosocial data is a feasible approach for identifying correlates of binge drinking behaviors among young adults. Clinical implications are discussed related to screening for binge drinking in behavioral health organizations.
Collapse
|
5
|
Monahan BV, Reid MJ, Houser CS, Day CR, Nable JV. Medical emergencies on a medium-sized urban university campus with collegiate-based EMS. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021; 69:971-975. [PMID: 31995453 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1709475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the types and frequency of acute medical events at a university with a collegiate-based emergency medical services (CBEMS) agency. Participants: Patients who requested assistance from the studied CBEMS agency, which provides emergency medical services coverage at a medium-sized urban university. Methods: This retrospective chart review examined requests for emergency service from August 2010-July 2017. Data abstracted include the type of medical event, frequency, call times/dates, and locations of reported medical events. Results: The studied agency received an average 889.4 (SD +/-68.6 calls) per year with the most common falling under the categories of "Substance Abuse" (231.7 calls/year, SD +/-15.7) and "Minor Trauma" (207.1 calls/year, SD+/-37.8). Most requests for acute medical attention occurred between the hours of 1800-0600 on Fridays and Saturdays. Implications/Conclusions: These results suggest that universities can potentially predict patterns and prepare for the types of acute medical issues that occur on campus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian V Monahan
- Department of Surgery, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Miranda J Reid
- Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christina S Houser
- Department of Emergency Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital/Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Carol R Day
- School of Nursing and Health Studies/Human Science, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jose V Nable
- Georgetown Emergency Response Medical Service, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tong TT, Vaidya JG, Kramer JR, Kuperman S, Langbehn DR, O’Leary DS. Impact of binge drinking during college on resting state functional connectivity. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:108935. [PMID: 34388578 PMCID: PMC8464531 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The current study examined the longitudinal effects of standard binge drinking (4+/5+ drinks for females/males in 2 hours) and extreme binge drinking (8+/10+ drinks for females/males in 2 hours) on resting-state functional connectivity. METHOD 119 college students (61 males) were recruited in groups of distinct bingeing patterns at baseline: non-bingeing controls, standard and extreme bingers. Resting-state scans were first obtained when participants were freshmen/sophomores and again approximately two years later. Associations between longitudinal bingeing (reported during this two-year gap) and network connectivity were examined. Network connectivity was calculated by aggregating all edges affiliated with the same network (an edge is a functional connection between two brain regions). The relationship between longitudinal bingeing and connectivity edges was also studied using connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM). RESULTS Greater standard bingeing was negatively associated with change in connectivity between Default Mode Network and Ventral Attention Network (DMN-VAN; False Discovery Rate corrected), controlling for initial binge groups, longitudinal network changes, motions, scanner, SES, sex, and age. The correlations between change in DMN-VAN connectivity and change in cognitive performance (Stroop, Digit Span, Letter Fluency, and Trail Making) were also tested, but the results were not significant. Lastly, CPM failed to identify a generalizable predictive model of longitudinal bingeing from change in connectivity edges. CONCLUSIONS Binge drinking is associated with abnormality in networks implicated in attention and self-focused processes, which, in turn, have been implicated in rumination, craving, and relapse. More extensive alterations in functional connectivity might be observed with heavier or longer binge drinking pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tien T. Tong
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1399 Park Ave., New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jatin G. Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - John R. Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Douglas R. Langbehn
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Daniel S. O’Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Waddell JT, Blake AJ, Chassin L. Relations between impulsive personality traits, alcohol and cannabis co-use, and negative alcohol consequences: A test of cognitive and behavioral mediators. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 225:108780. [PMID: 34049097 PMCID: PMC9258026 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol and cannabis co-users experience more negative alcohol consequences, but distal and mediating mechanisms of this association remain largely unstudied. Considering research suggests that individuals high in impulsivity and sensation seeking are more likely to be co-users, it is possible that co-users have more positive expectancies and become heavier drinkers, which confer risk for future negative consequences. Therefore, the current study tested prospective mediation models in which impulsive personality traits indirectly predicted negative consequences through co-use, heavier drinking, and expectancies. METHODS The current study used data from a study of familial AUD spanning 3 waves (1995-2010). Participants (N = 567) reported on impulsivity (via the Eysenck Personality Inventory and Sensation Seeking Scale) alcohol and cannabis use, alcohol expectancies, and negative consequences. Models tested the factor structure of impulsive personality traits and whether these traits predicted future negative consequences through past-year co-use and drinking/expectancies. RESULTS Factor analysis suggested two factors, sensation seeking and lack of premeditation. Sensation seeking was associated with future negative consequences indirectly through co-use and both drinking quantity and positive expectancies. Lack of premeditation was not associated with co-use, but indirectly predicted negative consequences through positive expectancies, above and beyond co-use. Sensation seeking directly predicted negative expectancies, but negative expectancies did not predict negative consequences. CONCLUSIONS Impulsive personality traits in co-users, particularly sensation seeking, explained variance in future negative alcohol consequences via heavier drinking (behavior) and positive expectancies (cognition). Personalized interventions targeting a lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking in co-users, may interrupt a developmental trajectory toward problem drinking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Waddell
- Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister, Tempe, AZ, 85281, United States.
| | - Austin J Blake
- Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister, Tempe, AZ, 85281, United States
| | - Laurie Chassin
- Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister, Tempe, AZ, 85281, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tong TT, Vaidya JG, Kramer JR, Kuperman S, Langbehn DR, O’Leary DS. Behavioral inhibition and reward processing in college binge drinkers with and without marijuana use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 213:108119. [PMID: 32599494 PMCID: PMC7736054 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Binge drinking is common during college, and studies have shown that many college students drink in quantities that far exceed the standard binge drinking threshold. Previous research has noted personality differences in individuals who engage in binge drinking, but few studies have examined neurobiological differences in both standard bingers (4/5 drinks in two hours for females/males; sBinge) and extreme binge drinkers (8+/10+ drinks in two hours for females/males; eBinge). METHOD The current study of 221 college students used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study neural activation on a stop signal task (SST) to assess behavioral inhibition and a monetary incentive delay (MID) task to assess activation to rewards and losses. Non-bingeing controls, sBinge, and eBinge freshmen and sophomores were recruited. In addition, because binge/extreme binge drinking is often associated with marijuana (MJ) use, MJ + sBinge and MJ + eBinge groups were also included. RESULTS All five groups showed strong activation in expected key cortical and striatal regions on both the SST and the MID. However, there were no significant differences between groups either at the whole-brain level or in specific regions of interest. Behavioral performance on the fMRI tasks also did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that our sample of individuals who engage in binge or extreme binge drinking with or without MJ co-use do not differ in brain activity on reward and inhibitory tasks. Neural differences may be present on other cognitive tasks or may emerge later after more sustained use of alcohol, MJ, and other drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tien T. Tong
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jatin G. Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - John R. Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Douglas R. Langbehn
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Daniel S. O’Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|